^    **-  ^jL 


PRIMARY   SCHOOL   DICTIONARY 

•■'■•  ■  '•'  ■     :•." ; 



ENGLISH  LANGUAGE, 

EXPLANATORY,  PRONOUNCING,  AND   SYNONYMOUS. 

WITH   AN   APPENDIX   CONTAINING  VARIOUS   USEFUL  TABLES 

MAINLY  ABRIDGED   FROM  THE  LATEST    EDITION    OF    TH1 
AMERICAN   DICTIONARY  OF 

NOAH  WEBSTEftkLL.D., 

BY  \ 

C^lMl  ^WILLIAM  a  WEBSTER^^^ 
-frvaJWU^M  A.   WHEELER. 

Sllustratrti  toifb  more  tfjan  2Tiao  f^untirelj  vlrnaratjinflS  on  WLoa'b. 


NEW  YORK: 
IVISON,  BLAKEMAN,  TAYLOR,  &  CO. 

SPRINGFIELD,  MASS.:  G.  &  C.  MERRIAM. 
1880. 


Entered,  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1867,  by 

G.  &  C.  Merriam, 

in  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  District  Court  for  the  District  of  Massachusetts. 


PREFACE. 


This  little  volume  has  been  prepared  with  the  design  of  furnish- 
ing the  younger  pupils  in  our  schools  with  a  Dictionary  sufficiently 
full  and  complete  to  meet  all  their  ordinary  wants,  yet  small  in  size 
and  of  very  moderate  cost.  Miscellaneous  readers,  however,  will 
find  it  a  convenient  and  serviceable  manual  for  consultation,  espe- 
cially with  respect  to  the  pronunciation  and  spelling  of  the  common 
words  of  our  language.  The  general  plan  is  the  same  as  that  of 
the  "  Common-School  Dictionary,"  and  though  less  comprehensive 
in  its  vocabulary,  somewhat  less  copious  in  its  explanations,  and 
having  fewer  wood-cuts,  it  retains  the  most  importaut  and  valuable 
features  of  that  work.  It  has  been  brought  within  the  limits  it 
occupies  by  the  omission  of  many  derivatives  in  er,  ish,  less,  ly,  ness, 
skip,  in,  out,  over,  un,  under,  and  the  like,  inasmuch  as  most  words 
of  this  sort  present  no  difficulty  of  orthography,  pronunciation,  or 
interpretation  ;  by  occasional  retrenchment  of  definitions  and  syno- 
nyms ;  by  leaving  out  or  slightly  abridging  several  of  the  Tables  or 
Vocabularies  of  the  Appendix ;  and  by  various  typographical  and 
other  expedients  for  saving  space.       .         .  - 

The  attention  of  instructors  is  called  to  the  fact  that  this  work 
may  be  advantageously  used  as  a  text-book  for  teaching  spelling, 
the  "  Rules  for  Spelling  "  given  in  the  introduction  being  unusually 
complete,  and  the  words  in  the  Vocabulary  often  having  figures 
affixed  to  them  referring  to  these  rules.     It  will  be  seen,  without 

541645 


it  PREFACE. 

explanation,  how,  by  means  of  these  references,  pupils  can  prepare 

"classified  fisjbs  :df."  examples    illustrating  the  various  principles   of 

orthography,  and   thus,  .construct  their  own   Spelling-book,  as    it 

'  *  The '  Primary  Dictionary  was  originally  prepared  by  Dr. 
Webster,  and  was  first  published  in  1833.  In  1857  it  was  care- 
fully revised  and  much  improved  by  his  son,  Mr.  William  G. 
Webster.  In  these  two  forms,  the  work  has  had  a  very  extensive 
circulation  and  popularity,  many  impressions  of  it  having  been 
printed  and  distributed.  Under  the  editorial  care  of  Mr.  William 
A.  Wheeler,  it  has  now  been  considerably  enlarged  and  brought 
in  all  respects  into  conformity  with  the  new  edition  of  the 
Quarto  Dictionary  published  in  1864.  To  the  friends  of  education 
it  is  submitted  in  the  hope  that  the  alterations  and  improvements 
which  have  been  made  will  secure  for  it  an  increased  degree  of 
favor. 

Dokchestkr,  Mass.,  September  2d,  1867. 


CONTENTS. 


KEY  TO   THE  PRONUNCIATION ri 

RULES  TOR  SPELLING      . Tii 

ABBREVIATIONS  AND  EXPLANATIONS xii 


A    DICTIONARY    OF   THE    ENGLISH   LANGUAGE    15  to  304 


APPENDIX. 

MODERN   GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES 805  to  315 

MODERN   BIOGRAPHICAL  NAMES 316  to  322 

COMMON  ENGLISH  CHRISTIAN   NAMES 323  to  329 

ABBREVIATIONS 330  to  333 

WORDS,    PHRASES,    PROVERBS,  ETC.,   FROM   THE    GREEK,  THE  LATIN, 

AND  MODERN  FOREIGN  LANGUAGES 334  to  340 

A  CLASSIFIED  SELECTION  OF  PICTORIAL  ILLUSTRATIONS      ....  341  to  352 


(▼> 


KEY  TO  THE   PRONUNCIATION. 


A,  a,,  long,  as  in 
•^A'^&'iort,  as  in 
•B,'e,'  ftmg,  as  in 
E,  e,  short,  as  ia 
I,  I,  long,  as  ia  . 
I,  l,  short,  as  ia  . 


VOWELS. 

REGULAR  LONG  AND  SHORT  SOUNDS. 
Ale,  Fat<$,  Gray. 
Add,  Fat  Random. 


Eve,  Mete,  Seizure. 
End,  Met,  Lfiopard. 
Ice,  Fine,  Thrive. 
Ill,  Fin,  Tribute. 


0,  6,  long,  as  in  . 
0,  6,  short,  as  in 
U,  vi,  long,  as  in  . 
U,  u,  short,  as  in 
Y,  y,long,  as  in  . 
Y,  y,  short,  as  in 


5ld,  Note,  Depose. 
Odd,  N6t,  Torrid. 
Use,  Tube.  Feudal. 
Us,  Tub,  Study. 
Fly,  Style,  Edify. 
Nymph,  Lyric. 


OCCASIONAL  SOUNDS. 


A,  A,  as  in Air,  Share,  Pair. 

A,  a,  Italian,  as  in  .     .  Arm,  Father,  Far. 
A,  a,  as  in      ....  Ask,  Grass,  Dance. 
A,  a,  bmad,  as  in    .    .  All,  Talk,  Haul. 
A,  a,  like  short  o,as  in  What,  Wander. 

E,  fi,  like  a,  as  in  .  .  Ere,  Thfire,  Hgir. 
E,  c,  like  long  a,  as  in  Eight,  Prey,  Obey. 
E,  e,  as  in      .    .    .    .  Ermine,  Verge. 

I,  i,  like  long  r,  as  in   .  Pique,  Machine. 
I,  I,  like  e,  as  in  .    .    .  Irksome,  Virgin. 


6,  6,  like  short  u,  as  in  Other,  D&ne,  S6n. 
O,  p,  like  long  oo,  as  in  Prove,  Dp,  Move. 
Q,  p,  likeshortoo,asin  Bosom,  Woman. 
0,  6,  like  broad  a,  as  in  Order,  Form,  Stork. 
00,  do,  as  in     .    .    .  Moon,  Food,  Booty. 
d6,  <Sb,  as  in     .    .    .  Wool,  Fdbt,  Good. 

TJ,  u,  preceded  by  r,  as  in  Rude,  Rumor. 
y,u,  like  short  oo,  as  in  Bull,  Put,  Push. 
U,  u,  as  in     ....  ^rge,  Burn,  Furl. 

e,  i,  o,  (Italic)  silent,  Open,  Basin,  Mason. 


REGULAR  DIPHTHONGAL  SOUNDS. 

Oi,  oi,  or  Oy,  oy  (unmarked),  as  in Oil,  Join,  Moist,  Oyster. 

Ou,  ou,  or  Ow,  ow  (unmarked),  as  in Out,  Hound,  Owl,  Vowel. 


CONSONANTS. 


C",  Q,  soft,  like  5  sharp,  as  in 
■C,  -c,  hard,  like  A;,  as  in    .    .  -Gall,  -Concur. 
Ch,  ch  (unmarked),  as  in    .  Child,  Touch. 
Ch,  ch,  soft,  like  sh,  as  in    .  Qhaise. 
•Ch,  -eh,  hard,  like  k,  as  in    .  -Chorus,  Echo. 
G,  g,  hard,  as  in      ....  Get,  Tiger. 
G,  g,  soft,  like  j,  as  in     .    .  Gem,  Engine. 
S,  s,  sharp  (unmarked),  as  in    Same,  Rest. 
§,  s,_flat  or  vocal,  like  z,  as  in  Hag,  Amu§e. 


Cede,  Accept.  Th,th,  5/1  arp( unmarked)  as  in  Thirtieth. 
Th,  th,  Jlat  or  vocal,  as  in  .       Thither. 
Ng,  ng  (unmarked),  as  in    .        Singing. 

N,  n,  as  in Anger,  Ink. 

X.  x,  like  gz,  as  in  ....       Example. 
Ph,  ph,  like/  (un^iarked),  as  in  Seraphic. 
Qu,  qu,  like  kw  (unmarked),  as  in  Quantity. 
Wh,  wh.  liko  hw  (unmk'd),  as  in  Awhile. 
Zh,  zh.asin     ....      Vision  (vlzh'un). 


V  When  one  letter  of  an  improper  diphthong,  or  of  a  triphthong,  is  marked,  it  is  to  he  taken  as  rep- 
resenting the  sound  of  the  combination,  and  the  letter  or  letters  which  are  not  marked  are  to  be  re- 
garded as  silent  ;  as  in  aim,  chum,  ceil,  people,  route,  snul.iovrnal.  tow,  &c.  The  combined  letters  ce, 
ci,  sci,  se,  si,  or  ti,  occurring  before  a  vowel  in  a  syllable  immediately  preceded  hv  an  accented  syllable, 
arc  generally  equivalent  to  sh  ;  as  in  o'eean,  eeta'eeous,  so'Wal.  logi'rnn,  suspi'o'on,  ausni  V/oiis,  con'- 
science,  nau'.vous,  controversial,  dissen'si'on,  initial  ora'fi'on,  ficticious,  &c.  Such  syllables  nre  not 
always  respelled.  as,  in  general,  they  will  naturally  be  pronounced  correctly  by  an  English  speaker. 
But  in  all  exceptional,  doubtful,  or  difficult  cases,  the  appropriate  respelling  i3  used. 

ACCENT.  —  The  principal  accent  is  denoted  by  a  heavy  mark  ;  the  secondary,  by  n.  lighter  mark  ; 
ns  in  Su'nerintenri'ent.  In  the  division  of  words  into  svllahlos,  those  marks,  besides  performing 
their  proper  office,  supply  the  place  of  the  hyphen,  except  in  some  compound  and  derivative  words. 

(vi) 


RULES  FOR  SPELLING  CERTAIN  CLASSES  OF  WORDS. 

FOUNDED  ON  THE  ORTHOGRAPHY  OF  DR.  WEBSTER,  AS  EXHIBITED  IN  THIS 

VOLUME. 


§  1.  The  letters /and  I,  at  the  end  of  mon- 
osyllables, and  standing  immediately  after 
6ingle  vowels,  are  generally  doubled  :  as  in 
staff,  cliff,  doff,  puff;  all,  bell,  hill,  toll,  null. 
The  words  clef,  if,  of,  and  50/,  are  exceptions. 

§  2.  The  letter  s,  at  the  end  of  a  monosyl- 
lable, and  standing  immediately  lifter  a  single 
vowel,  is  generally  doubled,  except  when  it  is 
used  to  form  the  possessive  case  or  plural  of  a 
noun,  or  the  third  person  singular  of  a  verb  : 
as  in  grass,  press,  hiss,  moss,  truss.  The  only 
important  exceptions  are  as,  gas,  luis,  was, 
yes,  his,  is,  thus,  and  us. 

§  3.  Besides  /,  I,  and  s,  the  only  conso- 
nants that  are  ever  doubled  at  the  end  of  a 
word  are  b,  d,  g,  m,  n,  p,  r,  t,  and  2.  The 
following  list  contains  all  the  important  words 
in  which  these  letters  are  doubled  ;  namely, 
ebb ;  add,  odd,  rudd ;  egg ;  inn,  bunn ;  err, 
burr,  purr ;  mitt, .butt ;  fizz,  fuzz,  buzz. 

§  4.  A  consonant  standing  at  the  end  of  a 
word  immediately  after  a  diphthong  or  double 
vowel  is  never  doubled.  The  words  ail,  peat, 
haul,  door,  and  maim,  are  examples. 

§  5.  Monosyllables  ending,  as  pronounced, 
with  the  sound  of  k,  and  in  which  c  follows 
the  vowel,  have  usually  k  added  after  the  c  : 
as  in  black,  fleck,  click,  knock,  and  buck.  The 
words  lac,  sac,  talc,  zinc,  roc,  soc,  arc,  marc,  ore, 
andfisc,  are  exceptions. 

Words  of  more  than  one  syllable,  ending  in 
ic  or  iac,  which  formerly  ended  in  k,  also 
words  derived  from  the  Latin  or  Greek  lan- 
guages, or  from  other  sources,  and  similar  to 
these,  or  formed  in  an  analogous  manner,  are 
now  written  without  the  k :  as,  maniac, 
elegiac,  cubic,  public.  The  word  derrick  is  an 
exception.  Words  of  more  than  one  syllable, 
in  which  c  is  preceded  by  other  vowels  than  1 
or  ia,  commonly  end  in  ck :  as,  arrack,  bar- 
rack, hammock,  hillock,  wedlock  The  words 
almanac,  sandarac,  limbec,  xebec,  maniac,  and 
havoc,  are  exceptions. 


§  8.  In  derivatives  formed  from  words 
ending  in  c,  by  adding  a  termination  begin- 
ning with  e,  i,  or  y,  the  letter  k  is  inserted 
after  the  c,  in  order  that  the  latter  may  not 
be  inaccurately  pronounced  like  s  before  the 
following  vowel  :  as,  colic,  colicky;  traffic, 
trafficked,  trafficking,  trafficker. 

§  7.  IQ  derivatives  formed  by  adding  a 
termination  beginning  with  a  vowel  to  mono- 
syllables and  words  accented  on  the  last  syl- 
lable, when  these  words  end  in  a  single 
consonant  (except  x)  preceded  by  a  single 
vowel,  that  consonant  is  doubled:  as,  plan, 
planned,  planning,  planner ;  hot,  hotter,  hottest; 
wit,  witty  ;  cabal',  cabal'ler  ;  abet',  abet'ted, 
abet'ting,  abet'tor;  begin',  begimnmg,  begin'- 
ner  ;  infer',  inferred',  infer 'ring. 

The  derivatives  of  the  word  gas  (except 
gassing  and  gassy)  are  written  with  but  one 
j:  as,  gaseous,  gaseity,  gasify.  Excellence, 
as  being  from  the  Latin  excellens,  retains  the 
double  I,  though  one  /  has  been  dropped  from 
the  termination  of  excel'.  It  is  no  exception 
to  this  rule  that  chancellor,  and  the  derivatives 
of  metal  and  crystal,  as  metalloid,  metallurgy, 
crystalline,  crystallize,  and  the  like,  are  writ- 
ten with  the  /  doubled,  since  they  are  de- 
rived respectively  from  the  Latin  cancellarius 
(through  the  French),  and  metaUum,  and  the 
Greek  tcpvoraWos.  So  also  the  word  tran- 
quillity retains  the  double  I  as  being  from  the 
Latin  tranquillitas,  while  the  English  deriva- 
tives of  tranquil,  though  often  written  with 
two  /'s,  are  more  properly  written  with  only 
one,  as  tranquilize,  tranquilizer,  and  the  like. 

§  8.  When  a  diphthong,  or  a  digraph 
representing  a  vowel  sound,  precedes  the  final 
consonant  of  a  word,  or  the  accent  of  a  word 
ending  in  a  single  consonant  falls  on  any 
other  syllable  than  the  last,  or  when  the  word 
ends  in  two  different  consonants,  the  final 
consonant  is  not  doubled  in  derivatives  formed 
by  the  addition  of  a  termination  beginning 

vii 


RULES    FOR    SPELLING. 


Vlll 

■with  a.  vowel :  as,  daub,  daubed,  daub'er ;  brief, 
briefer,  briefest;  trav'el,  trav'eling,  trav'eler ; 
prof 'it,  prof  ited;  act,  act1 'ed,  act1  or. 

The  final  consonant  is  doubled  in  the 
derivatives  of  a  few  words  ending  in  g,  in 
order  to  diminish  the  liability  to  its  being 
pronounced  like.;',  before  e  or  i :  as  humbug, 
humbugged,  humbugging ;  periwig,  periwigged. 
The  word  woolen  is  more  generally  thus 
written,  in  the  United  States,  with  one  /;  but 
in  England  it  is  written  woollen. 

Note. — There  is  a  large  class  of  words 
ending  in  a  single  consonant,  and  accented  on 
some  other  syllable  than  the  last,  the  final 
consonants  of  which  are,  by  very  many  writ- 
ers doubled  in  their  derivatives,  unnecessarily 
and  contrarily  to  analogy.  These  words  are 
chiefly  those  ending  in  /,  with  also  a  few  of 
other  terminations.  The  following  list,  the 
words  in  which  are  chiefly  verbs,  includes  the 
most  important  of  those  in  regard  to  which 
usage  varies,  namely ,  apparel,  barrel,  bevel,  bias, 
bowel,  and  its  compounds,  cancel,  carburet  (and 
all  similar  words  ending  in  urel),  cavil,  carol, 
channel,  chisel,  compromit,  counsel,  cudgel, 
dial,  dishevel,  dowel,  drivel,  duel,  empanel, 
enamel,  equal,  funnel,  gambol,  gravel,  grovel, 
handsel,  hatchel, imperil,  jewel,  kennel,  kidnap, 
label,  laurel,  level,  libel,  marshal,  marvel,  medal, 
metal,  model,  panel,  parallel,  parcel,  pencil, 
peril,  pistol,  pommel,  quarrel,  ravel,  revel, 
rival,  rowel,  shovel,  shrivel,  snivel,  tassel,  tinsel, 
trammel,  travel,  tunnel,  unravel,  vial,  victual, 
worship.  In  this  Dictionary,  the  derivatives 
of  these  words  are  made  to  conform  to  the 
rule,  as  recommended  by  Walker,  Lowth, 
Perry,  and  other  eminent  scholars. 

&  9.  Derivatives  formed  from  words  ending 
in  a  double  consonant,  by  adding  one  or  more 
syllables,  commonly  retain  both  consonants  : 
as,  ebb,  ebbing ;  odd,  oddly ;  stiff,  stiffness  ; 
skill,  skillful,  skillfulness ;  will,  willful,  will- 
fullness  ;  dull,  dullness ;  full,  fullness.  So  also 
the  double  I  is  retained  in  the  words  install- 
ment, inlhrallment,  thralldom,  and  enrollment 
(from  install,  inlhrall,  IhraV,  and  enroll),  in 
order  to  prevent  the  false  pronunciation  they 
might  receive  if  spelled  with  one  I.  Many 
writers,  especially  in  England,  omit  one  /  in 
these  words,  as  also  in  the  derivatives  of  skill, 
ivi/l,  dull,  and  full,  formed  by  adding  the 
syllables  ly  and  ness. 

The  derivatives  of  pontiff  are  exceptions  to 
the  rule,  being  written  with  only  one//  as 
pontific,   pontifical,,  ponti/icial,  and  the  like 


One  /  also  is  dropped  in  a  few  words  formed 
by  adding  the  termination  ly  to  words  ending 
in  11,  in  order  to  prevent  the  concurrence  of 
three  Vs  :  as,  dull,  dully ;  full,  fully. 

§  10.  In  derivatives  formed  from  words 
ending  with  silent  e,  the  e  is  generally  retained 
when  the  termination  begins  with  a  conso- 
nant ;  as,  pale,  paleness  ;  hate,  hateful  ;  chaste, 
chastely ,  chasteness ;  move,  movement.  When, 
however,  the  e  is  immediately  preceded  by 
another  vowel  (except  e),  it  is  often  dropped 
from  the  derivative :  as,  due,  duly ;  argue, 
argument;  true,  truly;  awe,  awful;  and  the 
derivatives  and  compounds  of  these  words. 

The  words  wholly,  nursling,  wisdom ,  abridg- 
ment, acknowledgment,  lodgment,  judgment. 
and  the  compounds  of  some  of  these,  are  ex- 
ceptions. The  last  four,  however,  are  written 
by  many  authors,  abridgement,  acknowledge- 
ment, lodgement,  judgement. 

§  11.  In  derivatives  formed  from  words 
ending  with  silent  e,  when  the  termination 
begins  with  a  vowel,  the  e  is  generally  omitted, 
except  in  the  cases  mentioned  in  the  next 
paragraph  :  as,  bride,  bridal;  guide,  guidance ; 
plume,  plumage ;  use,  usage ;  grieve,  grievance ; 
come,  coming;  shape,  shaping;  move,  mov- 
able ;  sale,  salable  ;  fleece,  jleecy  ;  force,  forci- 
ble ;  true,  truism. 

The  e  is  retained  in  the  word  hoeing,  shoe- 
ing, and  toeing  (from  hoe,  shoe,  and  toe),  in 
order  to  prevent  a  doubt  as  to  the  pronuncia- 
tion, that  might  arise  in  case  it  were  omitted. 
It  is  retained,  also,  in  the  words  dyeing,  singe- 
ing, springeing,  swingeing,  tingeing  (from  dye, 
singe,  springe,  swinge,  tinge),  to  distinguish 
them  from  dying,  singing,  springing,  siving- 
in«,  tinging  (from  die,  sing,  spring,  swing, 
ting).  The  e,  standing,  in  a  derivative,  before 
a  termination  beginning  with  a  or  o,  and  im- 
mediately after  c  or  g,  is  retained  in  order  to 
preserve  the  soft  sounds  of  these  consonants  : 
as,  peace,  peaceable;  manage,  manageable; 
outrage,  outrageous. 

§  12.  In  derivatives  formed  from  words 
ending  in  ie,  by  adding  the  termination  ing, 
the  e  is  dropped,  and  the  i  changed  to  y,  in 
order  to  prevent  two  Vs  from  coming  together : 
as,  die,  dying  ;  hie,  hying;  lie,  lying;  tie, 
tying  ;  vie,  vying. 

§  13.  In  derivatives  of  words  ending  in  y, 
preceded  by  a  consonant,  and  formed  by  ap- 


KULES   FOR    SPELLING. 


IX 


pending  any  termination  except  one  beginning 
with  i,  the  y  is  usually  changed  into  t;  as, 
mercy,  merciless ;  tidy,  tidiness  ;  modify,  mod- 
ifies ;  pity,  pitiful. 

The  derivatives  of  adjectives  of  one  syllable 
ending  in  y,  preceded  by  a  consonant,  are  ex- 
ceptions, and  usually  retain  the  y:  as,  shy, 
shyness  ;  sly,  slyest ;  dry,  dryly  ;  spry,  spryer, 
spryest  ;  wry,  wryness.  But  the  adjectives 
drier  and  driest,  from  dry,  are  commonly  writ- 
ten with  i  instead  of  y.  Derivatives  formed 
by  adding  the  termination  skip,  as  secretary- 
ship, suretyship,  ladyship,  and  the  like,  also 
retain  the  y.  The  words  babyhood  and  lady- 
kin,  are  likewise  exceptions. 

§  14,  Derivatives  formed  by  affixing  a  ter- 
mination to  words  ending  in  y,  preceded  by  a 
vowel,  generally  retain  the  y  unchanged :  as 
gay,  gayety,  gayly ;  sway,  swayed ;  obey, 
obeying;  buy,  buying. 

The  words  daily,  laid,  paid,  said,  saith,  slain, 
and  staid  (from  day,  lay,  pay,  say,  slay,  and 
stay),  with  their  compounds,  are  exceptions. 
Slaid,  however,  is  sometimes  written  stayed. 

§  15.  Derivatives  formed  by  appending  a 
syllable  beginning  with  a  vowel  to  words  end- 
ing with  a  vowel  sound,  gonerally  retain  the 
letter  or  letters  representing  such  sound  ;  as, 
huzza,  huzzaed ;  agree,  agreeable,  agreeing  ; 
echo,  echoed  ;  bow,  bowed  ;  beau,  beauish. 

Derivatives  of  words  of  this  class  ending  in 
silent  e,  as  also  those  formed  from  words  end- 
ing in  double  c ,  by  adding  a  termination  be- 
ginning with  e,  drop  the  final  e  ;  as,  hoe,  hoed  ; 
owe,  owed ;  free,  freer,  freest;  agree,  agreed. 
The  cases  mentioned  in  sections  11,  12,  and  13 
are  also  exceptions. 

§  10,  Derivatives  formed  by  prefixing  one 
or  "more  syllables  to  words  ending  in  a  double 
consonant  commonly  retain  both  consonants  : 
as,  befall,  inthrall,  disinthrall,  foretell,  tinder- 
sell,  fulfill,  enroll,  emboss  (from  fall,  thrall,  tell, 
sell,  fill,  roll,  boss). 

The  word  until  is  an  exception,  being  always 
written  with  one  /.  The  words  distill  and  in- 
still should  be  written  with  the  I  doubled, 
though  they  are  often  written  distil  and  instil, 
with  only  one  I. 

§  17.  Compound  words  formed  by  joining 
two  or  more  words  commonly  retain  all  the 
letters  of  the  simple  words :  as,  stiff-necked, 
Will-bred,  dull-eyed,  save-all,  wide-mouthed. 


I  There  are  numerous  exceptions  to  this  rule, 
many  of  them  compounds  which  by  long  use 
;  have  acquired  the  force  of  single  words.  They 
I  are  the  following  :  namely,  some  compounds 
I  of  all  and  ivell ;  as,  almighty,  almost,  alone, 
j  already,  also,  although,  altogether,  always, 
I  witliul,  therewithal,  wherewithal,  ivelcome,  wel- 
\fare;  —  compounds  of  m ass  ;  as,  Candlemas, 
|  Christmas,  Lammas,  Michuehuas,  &c.  ;  — 
words  of  which  the  second  part  is  the  adjective 
full;  as,  artful,  hateful,  rueful,  woeful;  — 
also,  the  words  chilblain,  fu'fill,  namesake, 
neckerchief,  numskull,  pastime,  slandish,  and 
wherever. 

§  18.  The  plural  of  nouns  regularly  ends 
in  s,  or,  in  certain  classes  of  words,  in  es. 

When  tho  noun  in  the  singular  ends  with 
|  such  a  sound  that  the  sound  of  s  can  unite 
with  it,  and  be  pronounced  without  forming 
a  separate  syllable,  *  only  is  added  in  forming 
the  plural  •  as,  sea,  seas  ;  tree,  trees  ;  canto, 
cantos;  c'aw,  claws;  cab,  cabs;  bead,  beads; 
chief ,  chiefs  ;  lock,  locks;  bell,  bells;  cup, cups; 
act,  acts.  A  few  plurals  from  nouns  ending 
in  o  preceded  by  a  consonant,  end  in  es  ;  as, 
echo,  echoes ;  cargo,  cargoes ;  embargo,  embar- 
goes ;  motto,  mottoes ;  potato,  potatoes.  Other 
nouns  of  this  class  generally  form  their  plurals 
regularly,  though  usage  differs  with  regard  to 
some  of  them.  Those  in  which  final  o  is  pre- 
ceded by  a  vowel  form  their  plurals  regularly. 
With  regard  to  nouns  ending  in  ?',  usage  dif- 
fers, though  they  are  more  properly  written 
with  the  termination  it. 

When  the  noun  in  the  singular  ends  with 
such  a  sound  (as  that  of  ch,  s'i,j,  s,  x,  or  z) 
that  the  sound  of  5  can  not  unite  with  it  in 
pronunciation,  but  must  form  a  separate  syl- 
lable, e  is  inserted  before  5  in  forming  tho 
plural,  unlets  the  word  ends  with  silent  e,  in 
which  case  the  latter  serves  to  form  a  separate 
syllable  with  5,  as,  church,  churches ;  rush, 
rushes;  age,  ages  ;  lace,  laces  ;  -gas,  gases ;  case , 
cases  ;  loss,  losses ;  box,  boxes  ;  maze,  mazes. 

To  express  the  plural  of  a  letter,  figure,  or 
any  character  or  sign,  or  of  a  word  mentioned 
without  regard  to  its  meaning,  the  letter  s, 
generally  preceded  by  the  apostrophe,  is  ap- 
pended, as  in  the  phrases,  "  The  two  I's  in 
j  all ;  "  «  the  two  O's  in  400  ;  "  «  The  why's  and 
!  wherefore's  of  the  question." 
I      §  19.  Nouns  ending  in  y  preceded  by  a 


RULES   FOR   SPELLING. 


consonant  form  their  plural  by  adding  es  and 
changing  y  intot:  as,  mercy,  mercies;  lady, 
ladies;  sky,  skies;  army,  armies;  pily, pities. 
This  rule  includes  words  ending  in  guy,  in 
which  u,  being  pronounced  like  w,  is  strictly 
a  consonant  :  as  colloquy,  colloquies.  The 
plural  of  proper  nouns  ending  in  y  preceded 
by  a  consonant,  is  formed  by  changing  y  into 
ies,  according  to  the  rule  :  as,  "  The  three 
Maries.''' 

When  the  singular  of  a  noun  ends  in  y  pre- 
ceded by  a  vowel  (except  u  having  the  power 
of  w),  the  plural  is  regularly  formed  by  adding 
s  only  :  as,  day,  days ;  key,  keys ;  money, 
moneys  ;  alloy,  alloys;  guy,  guys. 

§  20.  The  plurals  of  a  few  nouns  ending 
iny"or  fe  are  irregularly  formed  by  changing 
/or  fe  into  ves.  The  following  words,  with 
their  compounds,  are  the  principal  examples  : 
namely,  life,  lives  ;  sheaf,  sheaves  ;  calf,  calves  ; 
self,  selves  ;  wolf,  wolves.  The  plural  of  staff 
is  sometimes  written  staffs,  but  more  com- 
monly staves,  except  when  it  means  a  corps 
of  officers,  either  military  or  civil,  in  which 
sense  it  is  always  written  staff's.  The  plural 
of  ivharf  is  generally  written  wharfs  in  Eng- 
land ;  in  the  United  States  it  is  more  com- 
monly, but  improperly,  written  wharves. 

§  21.  In  the  following  nouns,  the  plural 
is  distinguished  from  the  singular  only  by  a 
change  of  the  vowel  or  vowel  sound  of  the 
word  :  namely,  man,  men  ;  woman,  women ; 
goose,  geese  ;  foot,  feet ;  tooth,  teeth;  brother, 
brethren  ;  louse,  lice  ;  mouse,  mice.  Words 
which  end  in  the  syllable  man,  and  are  not 
compounds,  form  their  plurals  regularly,  by 
adding  5  only  :  as,  cayman,  caymans  ;  desman, 
desmans  ;  firman,  firmans;  talisman,  talis- 
mans; German,  Germans;  Mussu!??ian,  Mus- 
sulmans. 

§  22.  A  few  plurals  end  in  en:  namely, 
brother,  brethren;  child,  children;  ox,  oxen. 

§  23.  The  words  brother,  die,  pea,  and 
penny,  have  each  two  plurals  of  different  forms 
and  with  different  significations  :  as,  brothers, 
male  children  of  the  same  parent,  also,  mem- 
bers of  the  same  society,  association,  class,  or 
profession  ;  brethren,  members  of  the  same 
religious  or  ecclesiastical  body,  the  word  in 
this  form  being  rarely  used  except  in  religious 
writings,  or  in  scriptural  language,  where  it 
also  has  the  same  meaning  that  brother  has  in 


ordinary  language  ;  dies,  implements  for  mak- 
ing impressions  by  stamping,  or  for  making 
screws,  also  the  cubical  parts  of  pedestals ; 
dire,  the  cubical  blocks  used  in  games  of 
chance  ;  peas,  seeds  of  the  pea-plant,  when  a 
definite  number  is  mentioned  ;  pease,  the  same 
in  bulk,  or  spoken  of  collectively  ;  pennies, 
the  coins,  especially  when  a  definite  number 
is  mentioned  ;  pence,  the  amount  reckoned  by 
these  coins. 

§  24.  A  few  words,  mostly  names  of 
animals,  have  the  same  form  in  the  plural  as 
in  the  singular ;  as,  deer,  sheep,  trout,  and  the 
like. 

§  25.  Many  words  adopted  from  foreign 
languages  retain  their  original  plurals ;  as, 
datum,  data  ;  genus,  genera ;  larva,  larva:  ; 
crisis,  crisis  ;  fonts, Jcci;  monsieur,  t/hss  evrs. 

Many  words  of  this  class,  while  retaining 
the  original  plurals,  have  also  a  second, 
formed  alter  the  analogy  of  English  words  of 
similar  termination  :  as,  formula,  formula  or 
formulas;  beau,  beaux  or  beaus ;  index,  in- 
dices or  indexes;  stratum,  strata  or  stratum s; 
bandit,  banditti  or  bandits  ;  cherub,  cherubim  or 
cherubs  ;  seraph,  seraphim  or  seraph*.  The 
plurals  of  the  last  two  words  are  sometimes 
incorrectly  written  cherubims  and  seraphims, 
with  double  plural  terminations. 

§  26.  In  certain  loose  compounds  consist- 
ing of  a  noun  followed  by  an  adjective  or 
other  qualifying  expression,  the  plural  is  com- 
monly formed  by  making  the  same  change  in 
the  noun  as  when  it  stands  alone;  as,  court- 
martial,  courts-martial;  cousin-german,  cous- 
ins-german;  son-in-law,  sons-in-law.  When, 
however,  the  adjective  is  so  closely  joined  to 
the  noun  that  the  compound  has  the  force  of 
a  simple  word,  the  plural  of  the  compound  is 
commonly  formed  like  that  of  any  other  wcrd 
of  the  same  termination  :  as,  cupful,  cupfuls  ; 
handful,  handfitls. 

§  27.  There  are  many  words,  besides  those 
mentioned  in  the  preceding  paragraphs,  in 
respect  to  which  usage,  even  that  of  the  best 
authors,  is  variable.  The  most  important  of 
these  words  are  mentioned  in  this  and  the 
succeeding  sections. 

The  derivatives  of  the  word  villain,  as 
villainous,  villainy,  &c,  though  often  writ- 
ten villanous,  villany,  &o.,  properly  retain 
the    /',    like    those    of  other    ".ords    similarly 


RULES   FOR   SPELLING. 


XI 


ending  in  ain  :  as,  mountainous,  from  moun- 
tain. 

The  words  connection,  deflection,  inflection, 
and  reflection,  follow  the  spelling  of  the  words 
connect,  deflect,  inflect,  and  reflect,  though  often 
written,  especially  in  England,  connexion,  de- 
flexion, inflexion,  and  reflexion. 

The  word  ivoe,  though  often  written  without 
the  final  e,  should  retain  it,  like  most  other 
nouns  of  one  syllable  and  of  similar  form  :  as, 
doe,  floe,  foe.  hoe,  sloe,  toe,  and  the  like. 
Monosyllables  other  than  nouns,  and  words 
of  more  than  one  syllable,  having  a  similar 
termination,  omit  the  e :  as,  do,  go,  no,  so, 
canto,  motto,  potato. 

The  words  defense,  expense,  offense,  andpre- 
tense,  are  properly  written  thus,  though  often 
spelled  with  c  instead  of  s  ;  for  the  s  belongs 
to  the  words  from  which  they  are  derived, 
and  is  also  used  in  all  their  derivatives. 

The  words  drought  and  height  were  formerly 
written  drouth  and  hight,  and  are  still  very 
often  thus  written  in  America. 

The  verb  practice  is  thus  written  like  tho 
noun,  in  preference  to  the  form  practise, 
though  the  latter  spelling  is  used  by  many 
writers,  especially  in  England.  Tho  difference 
in  spelling  between  the  noun  and  the  verb  is 
properly  observed,  in  words  of  this  kind,  only 
in  such  as  are  accented  on  the  last  syllable, 
as  device,  devise. 

§  28.  There  is  a  class  of  words  beginning 
with  en  or  in  —  as,  enclose  or  inclose,  enquire,  I 
or  inquire,  ensure,  or  insure,  and  tho  like — j 
many  of  which  take  either  form  of  the  prefix  j 
indifferently.     They  are  chiefly  derived  from 
the    Latin,    either    directly    or   through    the  | 
French,  the  prefix  t*  belonging  to  the  former  j 
language,  and  en  to  the  latter.     In  some  of  j 
these  words,  en  is  to  be  preferred  ;  in  others. 
in ;  in  many  of  them,  either  may  be  used  in- 
differently.    Sec  the  different  words  of  this 
class  in  the  Dictionary. 

§  29.  There  is  a  class  of  words  ending  in 
cr,  some  of  which  are  written  by  most  authors 
with  the  termination  re  —  as,  center,  meter, 
theater,  &c.  —  which  are  often  written  centre, 
metre,  theatre,  &c.  Acre,  chancre,  lucre,  nacre, 
massacre,  and  ogre,  retain  the  termination  re,  J 
in  order  to  preserve  the  hard  sound  of  the 
c  and  g. 

§  30.  There  are  two  classes  of  chemical 


words  ending  respectively,  as  more  commonly 
written,  in  ide  and  ine,  in  regard  to  which 
usage  has  been  variable.  Most  of  them  were 
formerly  written  without  the  final  e,  but  it  is 
now  the  almost  universal  practice  to  retain  it : 
as,  bromide,  cldoride,  chlorine,  fluorine,  and  the 
like.  The  word  tannin  is  always  written  with- 
out the  final  e.  Oxide  is  now  generally  writ- 
ten with  the  termination  ide,  though  formerly 
by  many  written  oxijd,  from  tho  supposition 
that  the  y  of  the  last  syllable  represented  the 
v  of  the  Greek  6£v?,  from  which  the  word  is 
derived  ;  whereas  the  last  syllable  is  simply 
the  same  as  the  termination  of  the  words 
bromide,  sulphide,  and  the  like. 

§  31.  There  is  a  class  of  words  ending,  as 
pronounced,  with  the  sound  of  long  i,  fol- 
lowed by  z,  some  of  which  are  differently 
written,  by  different  authors,  with  either  ise 
or  ize  to  represent  this  sound  :  as,  criticize, 
or  criticise.  ;  civilize,  or  civilise ;  naturalize  or 
naturalise  ;  patronize  or  patronise.  These 
words  are  mostly  verbs,  and  are  chiefly  de- 
rived from  Greek  words  ending  in  i£o,,  or 
from  French  words  ending  in  wr  or  ise. 
There  are  a  few  from  other  sources,  but  formed 
in  analogy  with  those  derived  frcm  these 
languages  Those  formed  from  Greek  words 
have  the  termination  ize:  as,  anathiv.uiize, 
characttrize,  dramatize,  tantalize.  The  words 
catechise  and  exorcise  are  exceptions.  Those 
formed  in  an  analogous  manner  from  English 
words  are  likewise  written  with  ize :  as,  a!bu- 
meriize,  Castardize,  memorize,  sens  itize.  Thc.ce 
derived  from  the  French  verb  jnndre  (par- 
ticiple pris,  or  prise)  end  in  ise:  as,  a; prise, 
comprise,  tmprise,  nitcrprise,  surprise.  Of 
those  formed  from  French  words  other  than 
prendre,  or  which  have  corresponding  forms 
in  the  French,  a  majority  end  in  ize,  though 
in  respect  to  some  of  them  usage  is  variable. 
The  following  are  the  principal  English  verbs 
ending  in  ise  :  namely,  advertise,  advise, 
affranchise,  apprise,  catechise,  chastise,  circum- 
cise, comprist,  compromise,  criticise,  demise, 
despise,  devise,  disenfranchise,  disfranchise, 
disgttise,  divertise,  emprise,  enfranchise,  enter- 
prise, exercise,  franchise,  manvmise,  misprise, 
premise,  reprise,  revise,  supervise,  surmise,  svr- 
prise.  It  may  be  remarked  that  most  of  those 
in  respect  to  which  usage  varies  are  moro 
frequently  written  in  England  with  the  ter- 


xu 


RULES    FOR    SPELLING. 


mination   ise,  and  ia  the  United  States  with 
the  termination  ize. 

§  32.  The  words  mold  and  molt,  and  their 
compounds  and  derivatives,  are  written  in 
this  Dictionary  with  o  instead  of  ou,  in  anal- 
ogy with  the  words  bold,  bolt,  colt,  gold,  &c, 
from  which  the  u  has  been  dropped.  Most 
authors,  however,  write  these  words  mould  and 
moult,  and  their  derivatives  in  like  manner. 


§  33.  There  is  a  numerous  class  of  words, 
almost  universally  written,  in  the  United 
States,  with  the  termination  or,  many  of 
which  are  written,  in  England,  with  the  ter- 
mination our:  as  candor,  favor,  honor,  labor, 
rumor,  vigor.  English  usage,  however,  is  not 
uniform  with  respect  to  these  words,  many 
of  them  being  written  with  or  in  English 
books. 


ABBREVIATIONS    USED   IN   THIS    WORK. 


a.  adjective. 
adv.  adverb. 
Amer.  America. 
rolloq.  colloquially. 
compar.  comparative. 
conj.  conjunction. 
Eng.  England,  English. 
esp.  especially. 
/.  feminine. 


Gram.  Grammar. 
imp.  imperfect. 
inter),  interjection. 

m.  masculine. 

Mus.  Music. 

n.  noun. 

065.  obsolete. 

p.  a.  participial  adjective. 

pi.  plural. 


p.p.  participle  past. 

p.pr.  participle  present. 

prep,  preposition. 

pron.  pronoun  ;  pronounced. 

sing,  singular. 

Syn.  Synonyms. 

v.  verb. 

v.  i.  verb  intransitive. 

v.  t.  verb  transitive 


\*  Compound  words,  which,  in  ordinary  writing  and  printing,  have  their  constituent  parts 
separated  by  a  hyphen,  are  here  distinguished  from  those  which  are  usually  and  properly 
written  and  printed  without  one,  by  the  vise  of  a  longer  hyphen  than  that  employed  for  the 
mere  division  of  words  into  syllables;  as,  Able-bodied.  Words  having  prefixes  or  initial  syl- 
lables which  are  commonly  separated  from  the  other  syllables  by  a  hyphen,  are  distinguished 
in  the  same  way;  as,  Re-enforce,  Electro-magnetism. 


%*  For  the  "  KEY  TO  THE  PRONUNCIATION,"  see  page  vi.  It  is  desirable  that  those 
who  use  this  Dictionary  should  make  themselves  familiar  with  the  Key,  as  they  will  then  find 
it  easy  to  understand  the  notation  by  which  the  pronunciation  of  every  word  is  expressed. 

*#*  The  figures  which  immediately  follow  certain  words  in  the  Vocabulary  refer  to  corre- 
sponding sections  in  the  Rules  for  Spelling  on  pp.  vii.-xii. 


DICTIONARY 

OF  THE  J_  "     ■'. 

ENGLISH    LANGUAGE. 


A  called  the  indefinite  ar- 
,  tide,  used  before  words 
beginning  with  the  sound 
of  a  consonant :   any  ;  one. 

A-baek',  adv.    Backward. 

Ab'a-eus,    n.^ 
An      instru- 
ment for  per- 
forming arithmetical  calcu- 
lations, [stern ;  astern. 

A-baft',    adv.      Toward    the 

Ab-al'ien-ate  (-yen-),  v.  t. 
To  transfer  the  title  of. 

A-banMon,  v.  t.  To  forsake 
wholly  ;  to  renounce. 

A-ban'doned,  a.  Given  up 
entirely  ;  very  wicked.  — 
SYN.  Forsaken  ;  profligate  ; 
depraved;  reprobate. 

A-ban'don-ment,  n.  Entire 
desertion  ;  a  final  giving 
np.  [to  humble. 

A-base',  v.  t.    To  bring  low  ; 

A-base'ment  (10),  it.  State 
of  being  brought  low  ;  hu- 
miliation ;  degradation. 

A -bash',  v.  t.  To  make 
ashamed ;  to  confuse. 

A-b  at'a-bl  e  ( 1 1 ) ,  a .  Capable 
of  being  abated. 

A-bate',  v.  t.  To  lessen  ;  to 
diminish  in  price.  — v.  i.  To 
grow  less ;  to  decrease. 

A-bate'ment,  n.    Decrease. 

Ab'a-tis,  n.  Branches  of 
trees  turned  outward  for 
defense.  [superior. 

Ab'ba,  n.     Father  :  religious 

Ab'ba-gy,  n.  Condition  or 
privileges  of  an  abbot. 

Abb6  (ab'ba),  n.  An  ecclesi- 
astic without  office  or  rights. 


Ab'bess,  n.  Governess  of  a 
nunnery. 

Ab'bey,  n.  (pi.  Ab'bey§.) 
A  monastery  or  convent. 

Ab'bot,  n.  Head  of  a  society 
of  monks  ^chief  of  an  abbey. 

Ab-bre'vi-ate,  v.  t.  To  short- 
en ;  to  abridge  ;  to  contract. 

Ab-bre'vi-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
shortening ;  contraction. 

Ab-bre'vi-a/tor,  n.  One  who 
abbreviates  or  shortens. 

Ab'di-eate,  v.  t.  To  relin- 
quish ;  to  resign.  —  v. »'.  To 
give  up  an  office,   [dicating. 

Ab'di-ca'tion,  n.  Act  of  ab- 

Ab-do'men,n.  The  belly,  or 
upper  part  of  the  belly. 

Ab-d6m'i-nal,a.  Pertaining 
to  the  abdomen. 

Ab-dii€t'  v.  i.    To  kidnap. 

Ab-due'tion,  n.  Act  of  car- 
rying away. 

A'be-Qe-da'ri-an,  n.  A 
teacher  or  a  learner  of  the 
alphabet.  [bed. 

A-bed',  adv.    In  bed  ;  on  the 

Ab-er'range,  n.  A  straying 
from  the  right  way. 

Ab-er'rant,  a.     Wandering. 

Ab'er-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
wandering  from  the  right 
way. 

To  encourage  ; 


One  who  abets. 
n.    A  state  of 


A-b6t',  v.  t. 
|     to  help. 
A-bet'tor,  n 
A-bey'ange 

suspense. 
j  Ab-hor'  (7), «.  t.  To  dislike  or 

hate  bitterly  ;  to  detest. 
Ab-hSr'renge,  n.      Extreme 
I     hatred;  detestation. 


ABOMINABLE 

Ab-hdr'rent,  a.  Inconsist- 
ent ;  detesting ;  odious. 

A-blde',  r.  i.  or  t.  [imp.  & 
p.p.  ABODE. J  To  stay  or 
dwell  in  a  place ;  to  wait  for. 

A-bil'i-ty,  n.  Power ;  means  ; 
skill  ;  (pi.)  mental  powers. 

Ab'je-ct,  a.  Mean  ;  worth- 
less ;  base ;  despicable. 

Ab'j6€t-ness,  n.  Meanness 
of  spirit ;  baseness. 

Ab'ju-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of  ab- 
juring. 

Ab-jure',  v.  t.  To  renounce 
upon  oath  ;  to  retract. 

Ab'la-tive,a.  Denoting  what 
takes  away.       [er  ;  capable 

A'ble  (a'bl),  a.    Having  pow- 

A'ble-b6d'ied,  a.  Having 
strength  of  body.  [ing. 

Ab-lii'tion,  n.     Act  of  wash- 

A'bly,  adv.    With  ability. 

Ab'ne-ga'tion,^.  Self-denial. 

Ab-n6r'mal,  a.    Irregular. 

A-board',  adv.  On  board  ;  in 
a  ship  or  boat. — prep.  On 
board  of. 

A-b6de',  n.  Place  of  resi- 
dence— SYN.  Dwelling; 
habitation  ;  domicile.  —  t>., 
imp.  and  p.  p.  of  Abide. 

A-b61'ish,  v.  t.  To  repeal; 
to  make  void  ;  to  annul. 

Ab'o-li'tion  (-lish'un),  n. 
The  act  of  abolishing.    • 

Ab'o-H'tion-ism  (-ITsh'un-), 
n.  Principles  or  measures 
of  abolitionists. 

Ab'o-H'tion-ist  (-ttsh'un-), 
n.  One  who  favors  aboli- 
tionism, [able. 

A-b6m'i-na-ble,  a.    Detesta- 


h, S,ij5,u,y, long ;  ft,  8,  i, o,u,$, short ;  cftre,  car, ask,  all,  what ;  ore,  veil,  term  :  p. que,  firm  ; 
son,  or,  do,  wolf,  to~o,  tdbk ;  firn,  rije,  pyll ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as,  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 

(13) 


ABOMINATE 


14 


ACCENT 


A-b6m'i-nate,  f.  t.    To  hate 

utterly  ;  to  abhor. 

A-bdnYi-na'tioiv,  n!J  .ii/cat 
hatred;  object  of  hatred. 

Ab'o-ri.g'J-nrl.,  ,d.  First.,  or 
.,  bnittitvjf.  —  it.  Original  iu- 
habitant. 

Ab'o-rig'i-nes.,  n.  pi.  First 
inhabitants  of  a  country. 

A-b6r'tion,  n.  An  intentional 
miscarriage. 

A-bor'tive,  a.  Unsuccessful; 
untimely  ;  premature. 

A-bound',  v .  t.  To  be  in  great 
plenty. 

A-bout',  prep.  Round;  on 
every  side  of;  near  to  ;  con- 
cerning. —  adv.  Around ; 
here  and  there  ;  every  way. 

A-b6ve'(a-buv'),  prep.  High- 
er than  ;  more  tiiau.  — adv. 
In  a  higher  place. 

Abrade',  v.  t.  To  rub  off; 
to  grate.  [off. 

A-bra'§ion,   n.      A  rubbiug 

A-brSast',  adv.   Side  by  side. 

A-bridge',  v.  t.  To  make 
shorter  ;  to  contract ;  to  cut 
short ;  to  abbreviate. 

A-bridg'ment  (10),  n.  A 
work  abridged  ;  a  summary  ; 
epitome  ;  compendium. 

A-brdach',  adv.  In  a  pos- 
ture to  let  out  liquor. 

A-broad'  (a-brawd'),  adv.  At 
large  ;  out  of  doors  ;  in  an- 
other country. 

Ab'ro-gate,  v'.  t.  To  repeal : 
to  annul.  [pealing. 

Ab'ro-ga'tion,  w.   Act  of  rc- 

Ab-rupt',  a.  Sudden  ;  broken. 

Ab-rup'tion,  ft.  Violent  rep- 
aration of  bodies. 

Ab-rupt'ness,  n.  An  abrupt 
manner  ;  suddenness. 

Ab's<jess,n.  A  tumor  filled 
with  purulent  matter. 

Ab-sgmd',  v.  t.    To  cut  off. 

Ab-sgis/sion  (-sTzh'un),  n. 
Act  of  cutting  off;  removal ; 
separation. 

Ab-s-eond',  v.  i.  To  secrete 
one's  self ;  to  hide. 

Ab-S€6nd'er,  n.  One  who 
absconds.  [absent. 

Ab'senge,  n.      State  of  being 

Ab'sent,  a.  Not  present ;  in- 
attentive. 


A.b-s6nt',  v.  t.  To  keep  away. 
Ab'sen-tee',  I  n.      One  who 

Ab-sent'er,    J      absents  him- 

'    self. 

Ab'so-lute,  a.  Not  limited  ; 
unconditional ;  complete ; 
arbitrary ;  despotic  ;  posi- 
tive ;  peremptory. 

Ab'so-lute-ly,  adv.  Posi- 
tively ;  arbitrarily. 

Ab'so-lute-ness,  ft.  Com- 
pleteness ;  arbitrary  power. 

Ab'so-lu'tion,  n.  Act  of  ab- 
solving; forgiveness. 

Ab'so-lu'tigm,  7i.  Principles 
of  absolute  government. 

Ab-solve'  (-z6\y),  v.  t.  To 
free  from  ;  to  pardon. 

Ab-sorb',  v.  t.  To  suck  up  ; 
to  imbibe. 

Ab-sorb'ent,  n.  A  substance 
that  absorbs.  —  a.  Sucking 
or  drying  up ;  imbibing. 

Ab-sorp'tion,  ft.  Act  of  ab- 
sorbing ;  sucking  up. 

Ab-sorp'tive,  a.  Having 
power  to  absorb,      [forbear. 

Ab-stain',  r.  i.  To  refrain  ;  to 

Ab-ste'mi-ous,  a.  Temper- 
ate in  diet ;  abstinent. 

Ab-ste'mi-ous-ly,adi\  Tem- 
perately. 

Ab-ste'mi-ous-ness,  n.  A 
sparing  use  of  food,  &c. 

Ab-sterge',  v.  t.  To  cleanse 
by  wiping  ;  to  purify. 

Ab-ster'gent,  a.  Having  a 
cleansing  quality. 

Ab-ster'sion,  n.  The  act  of 
cleansing.  [cleanse. 

Ab-ster'sive ,  a.    Serving  to 

Ab'sti-nence,  n.  A  refrain- 
ing from  food,  or  from  any 
action.  »     [abstinence. 

Ab'sti-nent,    a.      Practicing 

Ab-straet'f-r.  t  To  draw 
from  ;  to  separate  ;  to  re- 
move; to  purloin. 

Ab'stra-ct,  a.  Separate  ;  ex- 
isting in  the  mind  only  ; 
abstruse  ;  difficult.  —  n. 
An  abridgment  or  epitome. 

Ab-stra-e'tion,  n.  Act  of  ab- 
stracting ;  separation  ;  ab- 
sence of  mind. 

Ab-str&et'ive,  a.  Having 
the  power  of  abstracting. 

Ab'stra-et-ly,  adv.   By  itself. 


Ab-struse',  a.  Difficult  to 
be  understood  ;  obscure. 

Ab-struse'ly,  adv.  Ob- 
scurely. 

Ab-surd',  a.  Contrary  to 
reason  or  to  manifest  truth. 
—  SVN.  Foolish;  irration- 
al ;  ridiculous. 

Ab-surd'i-ty,    I  n.  The  qual- 

Ab-surd'ness,  j  ity  of  be- 
ing absurd. 

A-bun'dange,  n.  Great 
plenty  ;  exuberance. 

A-bun'dant,  a.  Very  plenti- 
ful ;  ample ;  exuberant. 

A-buse'  (-buz'),  v.  t.  To 
treat  or  use  ill.  [thing. 

A-buse',  n.     Ill  use  of  any 

A-bu'sive,  a.  Marked  by 
abuse.  —  Syx.  Reproacu- 
ful ;  injurious  ;  opprobrious. 

A -but',  v.  i.  To  end  or  bor- 
der upon. 

A-but'ment,  n.  That  which 
borders  upon  or  adjoins ; 
the  solid  p;irt  of  a  bridge 
next  the  land. 

A-but'tal,  n  The  butting  or 
boundary  of  land.         [cu»f- 

A-byss',  n.       A  bottomless 

A-e'a-de'mi-an,      ^)    n.      A 

Ae'a-dSm'ie,         (     mem- 

A-c'a-de-mi'cian,   f    bcrof 

A-ead'e-mist,  )  an  a- 
cademy ;  an  academic  phi- 
losopher. 

A-c'a-dem'ie,       )  a.  Pertain- 

A-e'a-dem'i-e-al,  j  ingtoan 
academy. 

A-ead'e-my,  v.  A  school  of 
arts  and  sciences  ;  a  schoo 
holding  a  place  Interme- 
diate between  the  common 
school  and  the  college. 

A-e-gede',  v.  i.  To  be  added 
to :  to  assent ;  to  agree. 

A-e-gel'er-ate,  v.  t.  To  has- 
ten the  motion  of;  to 
quicken.  _ 

A-e-gel'er-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
hastening. 

A-e-g6l'er-a-tive,a.  Increas- 
ing the  speed. 

Ae'gent,  n.  Modulation  of 
voice ;  superior  stress  of 
voice  on  a  syllable ;  a  mark 
to  regulate  pronunciation, 
distinguish  magnitudes,  &c 


S, 5, 1,  o,  u,  y,  long ;  ;t,  <S, T, o,  H, y, short ;  cixre, car,  ask,  all, what ;  ere,  veil,  tCrm ;  p'que,  firm 


ACCENT 


15 


ACCUSANT 


note  the  accent.        [accent.  |      pressing  joy  or  applause. 

Ac-gent'u-al,  a.    Relating  to  j  Ac-cli'mate,  v.  t.    To  habit- 

Ac-gent'u-ate,  r.  t.  To  |  uate  to  a  climate  not  native, 
mark  or  pronounce  with  an  !  Ac'Cii-ma'tion,  n.  Process 
accent.  ,  or  state  of  being  acclimated. 

Ae-gent'u-a/tion,  n.     Mode    Ac-ciiv'i-ty,  n.      Ascending 
of  uttering  or  marking  ac-  :      slope  or  inclination, 
cents.  Ac-cdm'mo-date,  v.   t.     To 

Ac-gept',  v.  t.  To  receive  ;  j  supply  with  conveniences  ; 
to  admit ;  to  subscribe,  and  j  to  adapt ;  to  suit ;  to  adjust, 
become  liable  for.  Ac-c6m'mo-da/ting,  a.  Dis- 

Ac-gept'a-ble,  a.     Likely  to        posed  to  oblige  ;  kind, 
be    accepted  ;      agreeable  ;    Ac-edm'mo-da'tion,  n.  Pro- 
welcome  j  pleasing.  vision  of  conveniences ;  fit- 

Ac-ggpVa-bil'i-ty,    1     n.  ness;  reconciliation;  —  (pi.) 

Ac-gept'a-ble-ness,  {    Qual-       conveniences, 
ity  of  being  acceptable.  Ac-com'pa-ni-ment  (13),  n. 

Acgept'a-bly,  adv.  Agree-  That  which  accompanies,  or 
ably.  is  added  as  ornament. 

Ac-gSpt'ange,  n.  Reception  Ac-com'pa-nist,  n.  The  per- 
with    approbation  ;    a    bid       former  in  music  who  takes 

_ accepted.  I      the  accompanying  part. 

Ac'gep-ta'tion,  n.     Accept-  !  Ac-com'pa-ny  (-kdm'-),t\  t. 


ance;  the  commonly  re- 
ceived meaning  of  a  word,     j 

Ac-gept'er,  n.  One  who  ac- 
cepts. 

Ac-gess',  or  Ac'gess,  n.  Ap- 
proach  ;  admission  ;  in-  j 
crease ;  augmentation. 


To  go  or  be  with  ;  to  attetid. 

Ac-c6m'plige,  n.  An  associ- 
ate in  a  crime  ;  an  accessary. 

Ac-c6m'plish,  v.  /.  To  fin- 
ish entirely  ;  to  bring  to 
pass. — Syn.  To  execute; 
effect;  fulfill. 


Ac-ges'sa-ry,  a.  Additional ;  \  Ac-c6m'plished  (-pllsht),  p. 
acceding.  —  n.  One  who  ac-  j  a.  Finished  ;  completed ;  re- 
cedes to  an  offense.  j      fined. 

Ac-gess'i-ble,  a.  Capable  of  j  Ac-com'plish-ment,  n.  A 
being  approached.  j      completion ;      an    acquire- 

Ac-gSs'sion    (-seWun),     n.        ment  which  adds  grace. 
The  act  of  acceding  to;  addi-  ■  Ac-compt'ant  (-kount'-),  n. 
tion  ;  increase.  See  ACCOUNTANT. 

ACges-so'ri-al,  a.  Pertain-  j  Ac-cord',  v.  Agreement; 
ing  to  an  accessory.  ]      concurrence;  consent;  un- 

Ac-gSs'so-ry,  ».      One  who  [      ion.  —  v.  i.     To  agree;     to 
helps  to  commit  a  crime  ;  an  j      harmonize, 
accomplice. — a.  Contribut-  :  Ac-cord'ance,    n.        Agree- 
ing; aiding,      [ry  grammar,  i      ment:  harmony. 

Ac'gi-denge,  n.  An  clementa-  |  Ac-cord'ant,  a.  Correspond 


Ac'gi-dent,  n.  An  unforc 
seen  or  unexpected  event ; 
chance  ;  casualty  ;  contin- 
gency. 

Ac'gi-dent'al,  a.  Happening 
by  chance  ;  not  essential.  — 
Syn.    Casual :  fortuitous. 

Ac'gi-dSnt'al-ly,  adv.  By 
accident. 

Ac-claim', 

Ac'cla-ma/tion 


plause. 


ing ;    agreeing ;  consonant ; 
agreeable.  [ance  with. 

Ac-cord'ing  to.     In  accord- 
Ac-cord  'ing-ly,  adv.  Agreea- 
bly ;  suitably ;  consequently. 
Ac-cor'di-on,    n.      A   small 

musical  instrument. 
Ac-c6st',    v.    t.      To    speak 
first  to  :  to  address, 
n.  A  shout  i  Ac-c6st'a-ble,  a.      Easy  of 
of     ap-  j      access  ;  affable  ;  familiar. 

j  Ac-count',  v.  t.    To  reckon  ; 


j      to  compute ;  to  esteem  ;  to 

assign   the  causes  of.  —  n. 

Computation ;     estimation  ; 

j      regard  ;    explanation  ;   nar- 

\      ration. 

Ac-count'a-bil'i-ty,  n.    Lia- 
bility to  give  account. 
Ac-count 'a-ble,    a.      Liable 

to  be  called  to  account. 
Ac-count 'a-ble-ness,  n.    A 
being  liable  to  answer  for ; 
|     accountability. 
I  Ac-count'ant,  n.     One  em- 
I      ployed,  or  skillful,  in  keep- 
ing accounts. 
Ac-cou'ter )  (ak-koti'ter),  v. 
j  Ac-ccu'tre  J      t.    To  equip  ; 
I      to  furnish. 

Ac-cqu'ter-ments  )    (-kdb'- 
j  Ac-ccu'tre-ments  I  tw-),  n. 
Equipage ;  trappings  ;  orna- 
ments. 
Ac-cred'it.  v.  t.    To  furnish 
with    credentials ;    to   give 
credit  to. 
Ac-cre'ticn,  n.    The  act  of 
i      growing  to ;  increase. 
;  Ac-cre'tlve,  a.  Increasing  by 
j      growth. 
Ac-crue',  v.  i.    To  arise  ;  to 
;      be  added  ;  to  increase. 
Ac-cum'ben-gy,  n.  State  of 
reclining. 
|  Ac-cum'bent,  a.  Reclining  ; 
\      leaning. 

|  Ac-eu'mu-late,  v.  t.  To  heap 
i      together.  —  v.    i.      To    in- 
i      crease  ;  to  be  augmented. 
Ac-cu'mu-la'tion,  n.      Act 

of  accumulating  ;  a  heap. 
Ac-cu'mu-la'tive,  a.    Caus- 
I      ingaccumulation. 
!  Ac-cu'imi-la'tor,  n.  One  who 
I      accumulates. 
j  £-e'€U-ra-gy,         J  n.  Exact- 
!  Ac'eu-rate-ness,  j        ness  ; 
|      correctness ;  closeness. 
;  Ac'cu-rate,  a.      Done  with 
care  ;  without  error.  —  SYN. 
Correct ;  precise ;  just. 
I  Ac'cu-rate-ly,  adv.  Exactly  ; 
j      correctly  ;  nicely. 
Ac-curse',  v.  t.    To  doom  to 
i      misery  ;  to  curse. 
i  Ac-curs'ed,p. p. ova.   [p.p. 
i      pron.  ak-kurst' ,  and  a.  ak- 
j      kurs'ed.]  Cursed  ;  execrable. 
!  Ac-cu§'ant,  n.  An  accuser. 


B6n,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  to"o,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  §,  soft;  c,  g,  hard ;  aj  :  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  tins. 


ACCUSATION 

Ae'eu-ga'ticn,  n.   Act  of  ac- 
cusing ;  charge  of  a  crime. 
A«~eu'§a-tive,  a.   Accusing ; 

—  applied  to  a  case  iu  gram- 
mar. 

A€-€U§e',  v.   t.      To  charge 

with  a  crime  ;  to  blame  ;  to 

ceusure.  [cuses. 

A€-eu§'er,  n.     One  who  ac- 
A€-€US'tom,  t\  t.     To  make 

habitual  or  familiar  by  use. 
Age,  it.     A  unit  ou  cards  or 

dice.  [a  head. 

A-g5ph'a-lous,   a.     Without 
A-gerb'i-ty,  n.    Bitterness  of 

taste  or  of  spirit,  [sourness. 
A-ges'gent,  *.      Tending   to 
A-gSt'i-fy,  v.    To  turn  acid. 
Ag'e-tim'e-try,  n.      Art  of 

ascertaining  the  strength  of 

acids. 
A-ge'toiis,  a.      Having    the 
_  quality  of  vinegar  ;  6our. 
Aehe  (ak),  v.  i.  To  be  iu  pain. 

—  n.     A  continued  pain. 
A-chiev'a-ble,    a.      Capable 

of  being  achieved. 

A-chieve',  •.  t.  To  do;  to 
perform ;  to  obtain. 

A-chieve'ment,  n.  A  per- 
formance; an  action 

Aeh'ing  (ak'ing),  n.  Contin- 
ued pain.  [of  color. 

Ach'ro-mat'ic,  a.    Destitute 

Ag'id  (as'id),  a.  Sour;  like 
vinegar.  —  n.  A  sour  sub- 
stance; a  substance  by 
which  salts  are  formed. 

A-gid'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  convert 
into  acid. 

A-gld'i-fPa-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  acidified. 

A-Qid'i-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
acidifying. 

A-gid'i-ty,    \  n.    Acid  taste  ; 

Ag'id-ness,  )      sourness. 

A-gid'u-late,  v.  t.  To  tinge 
•with  acids.  [sour. 

A-gid'u-lous,     a.       Slightly 

Ae-kndwl'edge  (ak-nol'ej), 
v.  t.  To  own  ;  to  confess  ; 
to  avow. 

Ae-kn6wl'edg-ment  ( -nol'ej- 
ment),  n.  The  owning  of  a  j 
thing;  avowal;  thanks. 

Ac'me,  n.  The  highest ' 
point :  summit ;  crisis  of  a 
disease. 


1G 

A'-corn,  n.  Fruit  or  seed  of 
an  oak. 

A-eou'sti-e  (-kow'-),  a.  Per- 
taining to  hearing. 

A-€Ous'ti-es,  n.  pi.  The  the- 
ory or  science  of  sounds. 

Aoquaint',  v.  t.  To  inform  ; 
to  make  familiar  with. 

A€-quaint'ange,  n.  Knowl- 
edge ;  familiarity ;  one  well 
known. 

A-e'qui-esge'  (ak'wT-gss'),  t>. 
t.  To  assent;  to  be  satis- 
fied with ;  to  comply. 

A-equi-Ss'genge,  n.  Con- 
sent ;  compliance. 

A-e'qui-es'gent,  a.  Disposed 
to  submit^-- 

A-c-quIr'a-ble  (11),  a.  Capa- 
ble of  being  acquired. 

Ao-quire',  v.  t.  To  gain  ;  to 
obtain  ;  to  attain. 

A€-quIre'ment,  n.  That 
which  is  acquired  ;  gain. 

A€/qui-§i'tion  (-zlsh'un),  n. 
Act  of  acquiring  ;  the  thing 
acquired. 

A-c-quis/i-tlve,  a.  Disposed 
to  make  acquisitions. 

A-e-quig'i-tive-ness,  n.  De- 
sire of  possession. 

A€-quit',  v.  t.  To  discharge; 
to  set  free  ;  to  absolve. 

A-c-quit'tal  (7),  n.  Formal 
release  from  a  charge. 

Ae-quit'tange,  n.  A  receipt 
in  full  for  debt ;  discharge. 

A'-ere  (a'ker),  n.  A  piece  of 
land  containing  160  square 
rods. 

A-e'rid,  a.  Hot  and  biting  to 
the  taste ;  pungent. 

Ac'ri-mo'ni-ous,  a.  Full  of 
acrimony  ;  bitter  ;  sarcas- 
tic ;  censorious ;  severe. 

Ae'ri-mo-ny,  n.  Bitterness 
of  feeling  or  language. — 
SYN.  Asperity  ;  sharpness  ; 
severity  ;  harshness,   [taste. 

A<:*ri-tude,w  n.      An    acrid 

A-c'ro-bat,  ft.  One  who  prac- 
tices high-vaulting,  rope- 
dancing,  &c. 

A-eron'y-cal,a.  Risingatsun- 
set,  and  setting  at  sunrise. 

A-cr6p'o-lTs,  n.     A  citadel. 

A-evdjS',prrp.  From  side  to 
side  of;  athwart :  over. 


ADAMANT 

A-er6s'ti€,  n.  A  poem  in 
which  certain  letters  taken 
successively,  one  in  each 
line,  form  a  name. 

A-eros'ti-e-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  acrostics. 

Act,  v.  t.  To  perform ;  to 
do ;  to  move  ;  to  feign.  — 
r .  i.  To  be  in  action ;  to 
imitate  ;  to  conduct  or  be- 
have. —  n.  A  deed  ;  exploit ; 
divi.-ion  of  a  play. 

A-et'ing,  n.  Act  of  perform- 
ing; action. 

Ae'tlon,  n.  Deed  ;  feat ;  bat- 
tle ;  suit  at  law  ;  gesture  ; 
gesticulation. 

A«'tion-a-ble,  a.    Admitting 

_  an  action  at  law. 

A-ct'ive,  «.  Causing  or  com- 
municating action  or  mo- 
tion ;  engaged  in  action ; 
transitive.  —  SYN.  Brisk  ; 
alert;  nimble;  quick. 

A-et'ive-ly,  adv.  In  an  active 
manner. 

A-e-tiv'i-ty,  N.  Quality  of 
being  active ;  nimbleness. 

A«t'or,  n.  One  who  acts; 
a  stage-player. 

Act'ress,  n.     A  female  actor. 

A-et'u-al,  a.  Existing  in  act ; 
real ;  certain. 

Aet'u-al-ly,  adv.  In  act  or 
fact.  [clerk. 

A«t'u-a-ry,  n.     A  register  or 

A-et'u-ate,  v.  t.  To  put  in 
action ;  to  excite. 

A -cu'le-ate,  a.  ""  Prickly. 

A-eu'men,  n.  Quickness  of 
perception  ;  acuteness. 

Acu'mi-nate,  a.  Sharp; 
pointed. 

A~cu/mi-nate,  v.  i.  To  rise 
to  a  point. 

A-cu'mi-na'tion,  n.  Act  of 
sharpening  ;  a  sharp  point ; 
quickness. 

A-eute',  a.  Sharp;  ingen- 
ious; penetrating;  keen. 

A--cute'ness,  n.  Sharpness  ; 
quickness  of  intellect. 

Ad'age,  n.  A  proverb ;  max- 
im ;  an  old  say  ing. 

Ad-a/gio,  n.  (Mus.)  A 
mark  of  slow  time. 

Ad'a-mant,  n.  A  very  hard 
stone ;  a  diamond. 


5, e,  I,  o,  u,  y,  Ions !  *f «,  I,  o,  U,  y,  short ;  care,  ciir,  ask,  fill,  what ;  Gre,  Tfill,  term  ;  pVque,  firm ', 


ADAMANTEAN 

Ad'a-mant-e'an, )  a.  Ex- 
Ad' a-.mant'ine,  j  tremely 
hard  ;  bard  as  adamant. 

A-dapt',  v.  t.  To  fit ;  to  suit. 

A-dapt'a-bil'i-ty,  n.  Qual- 
ity of  adaptation. 

A-dapt'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  adapted. 

Ad'ap-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
adapting  or  fitting  ;  suita- 
bleness ;  fitness. 

A-dapt'ed-ness,  ft.  State  of 
being  adapted.  [crease. 

Add,  v.  t.    To  join ;     to  in- 

Ad-dSn'dum,  n.  (  pi.  Ad- 
dSn'da.)    Thing  added. 

Ad'der,  n.  A  kind  of  ven- 
omous serpent,    [ing  added. 

Ad'di-ble,  a.    Capable  of  be- 

Ad-di€t',  v.  t.  To  give  up 
habitually;  to  apply. — 
Syn.  To  devote;  to  dedi- 
cate, [ing  addicted. 

Ad-dic'tion,  n.    State  of  be- 

Ad-di'tion  (-dTsh'un),  n. 
Act  of  adding;  thing  add- 
ed ;  part  of  arithmetic 
•which  treats  of  adding  num- 
bers. 

Ad-di'tion-al  (-dTsh'un-),  a. 
Added. 

Ad'dle,  v.  t.  To  make  addle 
or  corrupt. — a.  Diseased, 
as  eggs ;  putrid ;  corrupt ; 
barren  ;  empty. 

Ad-dress',  v.  t.  To  speak  or 
apply  to;  to  prepare  for; 
to  direct ;  to  make  love  to.  — 
ix .  Application ;  petition ; 
dexterity  ;  skill ;  courtship  ; 
direction  of  a  letter. 

Ad-duge',  v.  t.  To  bring  for- 
ward ;  to  allege.  [ward. 

Ad-du'<jent,  a.    Bringing  for- 

Ad-du'gi-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  adduced. 

Ad-du-C'tion,  n.  Act  of  ad- 
ducing, or  bringing  forward. 

A-dept',  n.  A  person  skilled  in 
any  art.  —  a.  Well-versed  ; 
skillful. 

Ad'e-qua-gy,  ft.  State  of 
beingadequate  ;  sufficiency. 

Ad'e-quate,  a.  Fully  suffi- 
cient ;  equal ;  proportion- 
ate ;  correspondent 

Ad-here',  v.  i.  To  stick 
close  ;  to  remain  fixed. 


17 

Ad-her'enge,    In.  Quality  or 

Ad-her'en-gy,  j  state  of  ad- 
hering ;  tenacity ;  fidelity. 

Ad-her'ent.  a.  United  with 
or  to  ;  sticking  to. 

Ad-her'ent,  I    n.      One  who 

Ad-her'er,  )  adheres ;  a 
follower ;  a  partizan. 

Ad-he'§ion,  ft.  Act  or  state 
of  sticking ;  adherence. 

Ad-he'sive,  a.  Sticking  ;  te- 
nacious, [hesion. 

Ad-he'§ive-ly,  adv.  With  ad- 

Ad-he'§ive-ness,  n.  Quality 
of  sticking;  tenacity. 

A-dieu'  (a-du'),  adv.  Fare- 
well ;  good-by.  —  n.  Act  of 
taking  leave. 

Ad'i-po-gere',  n.  A  waxy 
substance  into  which  fat  is 
sometimes  converted. 

Ad'i-pose,  a.  Consisting  of 
fat;  fat;  fatty. 

Ad'it,  n.  A  horizontal  en- 
trance into  a  pit. 

Ad-ja'gen-gy,  ft.  State  of  ly- 
ing close  to. 

Ad-ja'cent,  a.  Lying  near  ; 
contiguous. 

Ad'jee-tl'val,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  partaking  of,  an  ad- 
jective. 

Ad'je€-tive,  ft.  A  word  add- 
ed to  a  noun  to  express 
some  quality,  attribute,  or 
property. 

Ad'je<;-tlve-ly,  adv.  In  the 
manner  of  an  adjective. 

Ad-join',  v.  t.  To  join  or  unite 
to.  —  v.  i.  To  be  contiguous. 

Ad-join'ing,  a.  Joining ;  ad- 
jacent ;  near ;  contiguous. 

Ad-journ',  v.  t.  To  put  off  to 
another  time.  —  SYN.  To 
postpone  ;  delay  ;  defer. 

Ad-journ'ment,  n.  Act  of  ad- 
journing ;  postponement ; 
delay. 

Ad-jiid£e',  v.  t.  To  sentence  ; 
to  decide  judicially. 

Ad-ju'di-eate,  v.  t.  To  deter- 
mine by  law. 

Ad-ju'di-ea'tionjn.  Judicial 
trial  or  sentence. 

Ad'jurvct,  7i.  Something  join- 
ed to  another.  —  a.  Added 
to.  or  united  with,  [joining. 

Ad-jun-e'tion,  n.     Act  of  ad- 


ADMIRALTY 

Ad-jun-ct'ive,  n.  That  which 
is  joined. — a.  Tending  tojoin. 

Ad'ju-ra'tion,  n.  Actofcharg- 
ing  solemnly  ;  form  of  oath. 

Ad-jure',  v.  t.  To  charge  on 
oath ;  to  enjoin  earnestly 
or  solemnly. 

Ad-just',  v.  t.  To  make  exact 
or  conformable ;  to  set 
right.  —  Syn.  —  To  adapt ; 
suit ;  fit. 

Ad-just'ment,  n.  A  setting 
in  order ;  regulation  ;  settle- 
ment, [adjutant. 

Ad'ju-tan-gy,  n.   Office  of  an 

Ad'ju-tant,  ft.  A  military 
officer  who  assists  a  superior 
officer. 

Ad'ju-vant,  a.  Helping ; 
helpful.  —  n.  A  helper;  an 
assistant. 

Ad-meas'ure-ment,  (-meW- 
}jr-),  it.  Act  or  result  of 
measuring ;  measurement. 

Ad-men'su-ra'tion,  «.  Act 
of  measuring;  mensuration. 

Ad-min'is-ter, v.  t.  Toman- 
age  ;  to  direct ;  to  supply  ;  to 
settle,  as  an  estate.  —  c.  i. 
To  contribute ;  to  act  as  ad- 
ministrator. 

Ad-min/is-te'ri-al,  a.  Per- 
taining to  administration. 

Ad-min'is-tra'tion,  «.  Act 
of  administering ;  executive 
part  of  government. 

Ad-mm'is-tra/txve,  a.  Ad- 
ministering. 

Ad-min'is-tra'tor,  n.  A  man 
who  manages  an  intestate 
estate. 

Ad-rmn'is-tra'tor-shlp,  n. 
Office  of  an  administrator. 

Ad-min'is-tra'trix,  n.  A 
woman  who  administers  ;in 

_  estate. 

Ad'mi-ra-ble,  a.  Worthy  of 
admiration.  —  Syn.  Won- 
derful ;  rare ;  excellent. 

Ad'mi-ra-bly,  adv.  Wonder- 
fully; excellently. 

Ad'mi-ral,  n.  Principal  offi- 
cer  of  a  fleet  or  navy. 

Ad'mi-ral-ship,  n.  Office  of 
admiral. 

Ad'mi-ral-ty,  n.  The  power 
or  the  court  for  administer- 
ing naval  affairs. 


s6n 


or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  €,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


ADMIRATION 

Ad'mi-ra'tion,  n.  Astonish- 
ment; wonder;  esteem. 

Ad- mire',  v.  t.  To  regard 
with  wonder  or  love.  — v.  i. 
To  wonder. 

Ad-mir'er,  n.  One  who  ad- 
mires ;  a  lover. 

Ad-mis'si-bil'i-ty,  n.  Quali- 
ty of  being  admissible. 

Ad-mis'si-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  admitted. 

Ad-mis'sion  (-mish/un),  n. 
Act  of  admitting;  admit- 
tance ;  allowance. 

Ad-mit',  v.  t.  To  let  in ;  to 
receive  as  true  ;  to  allow. 

Ad-mlt'tange  (7),  n.  Act  or 
power  of  entering. 

Ad-mix',  v.  t.    To  mingle. 

Ad-mix'tion  (-mTkst'yun), 
n.     A  mingling. 

Ad-mixt'iire  (-uiTkst'yijr),  n. 
Act  of  mixing;  the  sub- 
stance mixed. 

Ad-mon'ish,  v.  t.  To  warn  ; 
to  reprove  gently ;  to  advice. 

Ad-m6n'ish-er,  v.  One  who 
admonishes. 

Ad'mo-ni'tion  (-nYsh'un), 
n.  Gentle  reproof ;  counsel; 
warning. 

Ad-m6n'i-tive,    )  a.      Con- 

Ad-m6n'i-to-ry,  j  taining 
admonition  ;  monitory  ; 
warning.  [admonishes. 

Ad-m5n'i-tor,  n.    One  who 

Ad-nas'Qent,  a.  Growing  to 
something  else. 

A-dq',  (-dob'),  77.  Trouble; 
difficulty  ;  bustle;  stir. 

Ad'o-les'genQe,  n.  State  of 
growing  ;  youth. 

Ad'o-les'tjent,  a.  Growing  ; 
advancing  to  manhood. 

A-d6pt',  v.  t.  To  take  a.i 
one's  own. 

A-d&p'tion,  n.  Act  of  adopt- 
ing. 

A-d6pt'ive,  a.  Adopting ; 
adopted. 

A-dor'a-ble,  a.  Worthy  of 
adoration ;  divine. 

Ad'o-ra'tion,  n.  Divine  wor- 
ship ;  homage ;  profound 
reverence. 

A-dore',  v.  t.  To  worship ;  to 
venerate  ;  to  reverence  ;  to 
revere  ;  to  love  intensely. 


18 

A-dor'er,  n.  One  who  adores; 
a  lover. 

A-dorn',r.  t.  To  deck;  to  em- 
bellish ;  to  decorate,    [ment. 

A-dorn'ment,  n.    Embellish- 

A-drift',  a.  or  adv.  Floating 
at  random. 

A-droit',  a.  Skillful ;  expert ; 
dexterous  ;  ingenious. 

A-droit'ly,  adv.  Ingeniously. 

A-droit'ness,  n.  Dexterity  : 
skill. 

Ad'sgi-ti'tious  (-tTsh'us),  a. 
Additional ;  supplemental. 

Ad'u-la'tion,  n.  Excessive  or 
servile  flattery.      [to  excess. 

-Xd'u-la/to-ry,  a.     Flattering 

A-dult',  7i.  A  person  grown. 
—  a.     Grown  to  maturity. 

A-dul'ter-ant,  n.  A  person 
or  thing  that  adulterates. 

A-dul'ter-ate,  v.  t.  To  de- 
base or  corrupt  by  mixture. 

A-dul'ter-ate,  a.  Debased ; 
corrupted ;  tainted  with 
adultery. 

A-dul'ter-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
adulterating. 

A-dul'ter-css,  n.  A  woman 
guilty  of  adultery. 

A-dul'ter-otis,  a.  Guilty  of 
adultery  ;  spurious :  corrupt. 

A-dul'ter-y,  it.  A  violation  of 
the  marriage  bed. 

A-dult'ness,  n.  State  of  being 
adult.  [out  faintly. 

Ad-um'brate,  v.  t.  To  shadow 

Ad'um-bra/tion,*!.  A  shad- 
ow or  faint  resemblance. 

Ad-un'Qi-ty,  ».  A  bending  in 
the  form  of  a  hook. 

A-dust',  a.  Burnt  or  scorch- 
ed, or  looking  so. 

A-dus'tion  (-dBst'yun),  n. 
The  act  of  burning  up. 

Ad-variQe',  n.  A  going  for- 
ward; promotion  ;  payment 
beforehand.  — r.  t.  To  bring 
forward  or  higher  ;  to  raise  ; 
to  promote ;  to  pay  before- 
hand. —  r .  I.  To  go  on ;  to 
improve  ;  to  rise  in  rank. 

Ad-vange'mcnt,  tj.  Act  of 
advancing  or  moving  for- 
ward ;  progress  ;  promotion  ; 
preferment. 

Ad-van'tage,  n.  Favorable 
circumstances ;  superiority  ; 


ADVERTISER 

gain  ;  benefit ;  profit.  —  v.  t. 
To  benefit ;   to  promote. 

Ad'van-ta'geous,  a.  Being 
of  advantage ;  profitable  ; 
useful. 

Ad'van-ta'geous-ly,  adv. 
Profitably  ;  conveniently. 

Ad'vent,  n.  A  coming;  the 
season  of  four  weeks  before 
Christmas. 

Ad'ven-ti'tious  (-tTsh'us),  a. 
Added ;  accidental ;  h.<i- 
dental;  not  essentially  ir- 
herent.  [the  advent. 

Ad-vgnt'u-al,  a.    Relating  to 

Ad-v6nt'ure  (-vent'yur),  n. 
An  extraordinary  event ;  an 
enterprise  ;  chance ;  hazard. 
—  v.  t.  To  try  the  chance; 
to  risk.  —  v.  t.  1o  venture. 

Ad-vent'ur-er,  n.  One  who 
adventures. 

Ad-vent'ur-cts  (11),o.  Dar- 
ing ;  bold ;  enterprising ; 
venturesome. 

Ad'verb,  n.  A  word  used  to 
modify  a  verb,  adjective,  cr 
other  adverb. 

Ad-verb'i-al,  a.  Relating  to, 
or  like,  an  adverb. 

Ad-verb'i-al-ly,  adv.  In  the 
manner  of  an  adverb. 

Ad'ver-sa-ry,  n.  An  oppo- 
nent ;  enemy  ;  antagonist. 

Ad-ver'ea-tive,  a.  Express- 
ing contrariety  or  opposi- 
tion. 

Ad'verse,  a.  Contrary  ;  ca- 
lamitous ;  afflictive. 

Ad'verse-ly,  adv.  In  an  ad- 
verse manner ;  unfortu- 
nately. 

Ad-ver'si-ty,  *.  Misfortune  ; 
affliction;  calamity. 

Ad-vert',  v  i.  To  turn  the 
mind.  —  Syn.  To  attend; 
regard  :  observe ;  refer. 

Ad-vgrt'enge,    \  n.      Birec- 

Ad-vert'en-gy, )  tionofthe 
mind;  attention;  heed. 

.Ad-vert'ent,  a.  Attentive. 

Ad'ver-tise',  v.  t.  To  inform  ; 
to  give  public  notice  of. 

Ad-ver'thse^ment,  or  Ad'- 
ver-tise'ment,  n.  A  pub- 
lic notice :  information. 

Ad'ver-tis'er,  n.  One  who 
advertises. 


a,  e,  I,  o,  u, y,  long;  a,  e",  1, 5,  U,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  {ill,  what ;  ere,  veil,  tCrm  ;  pVque,  firm 


ADVICE 

Ad-vTge',  n.  Counsel;  instruc- 
tion ;  notice ;  tidings. 

Ad-vi§'a-ble,  a.  Fit  to  be 
advised  or  done ;  prudent ; 
proper ;  expedient. 

Ad-vlg'a-ble-ness,  n.  Fit- 
ness ;  propriety ;  expediency. 

Ad-vlgc',  v.  t.  To  give  advice 
to  ;  to  counsel ;  to  inform  ; 
to  apprise.  —  v.  i.  To  con- 
sider. 

Ad-vi§'ed-ly,  adv.  With  de- 
liberation or  advice  ;  pru- 
dently. 

Ad-vi§e'ment,  n.  Caution; 
advice ;  counsel.  [vises. 

Ad-Vi^'cr,  n.     One  who  ad- 

Ad-vi'fp-ry,  a.  Having  pow- 
er to  advise  ;  giving  advice. 

Ad'vo--ea-Qy,  n.  Act  of 
pleading  ;  intercession. 

Ad'vo-eate,  n.  One  who 
pleads  for  another;  a  de- 
fender. 

Ad'vo-cate,  v.  t.  To  plead 
in  favor  of;  to  support. 

AiVvo-ca'tion,  n.  Act  of 
pleading  ;  a  plea. 

Ad'vow-ee',  n.  One  who  has 
the  right  of  advowson. 

Ad-vow'§on,  n.  The  right 
of  presenting  a  priest  to  a 
vacant  benefice. 

A'dy-nam'i-e,  a.  Pertaining 
to  debility  ;  weak ;  feeble 

Adz,    |  n.     A 

Adze,  )  tool 
with  an  arch- 
ing blade  for 
chipping. 

J3-0'li-an,  a.  Adze. 

Pertaining  to,  or  produced 
by, the  wind.  — Molian  harp, 
astringed  instrument  played 
on  by  the  wind,    [air;  high. 

A-e'ri-al,  a.  Belonging  to  the 

Ae'rie  (e'ry  or  u/ry),  n.  The 
nest  of  an  eagle  or  other 
bird  of  prey.  [aerifying. 

A'er-i-fi-ea'tion,  n.     Act  of 

A'er-i-form,  a.  Having  the 
form  of  air,  as  gas. 

A'er-i-fy,  v.  t.  To  combine 
_  or  fiil  with  air. 

A'er-Sg'ra-phy,  n.  Descrip- 
tion, of  the  air. 

A'er-o-llte,  «.  A  meteoric 
stone. 


^ 


19 

A'er-ol'o-gy,  n.  The  science 
which  treats  of  the  air. 

A'er-o-man'Qy,  n.  Divina- 
tion by  means  of  the  air,  or 

_  of  substances  found  la  it. 

A'cr-dnfe-try,  n.  Art  or 
science  of  ascertaining  the 

_  mean  bulk  of  gases. 

A'er-o-naut',  a.  An  aerial 
navigator;  a  balloonist. 

A'er-o-naut'ie,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  practicing,  aerial 
sailing. 

A'er-o-naut'i-es,»i.  sing.  The 
art  of  sailing  in  the  air. 

A'er-o-stat'i-e,      I  a.  B.elat- 

A'er-o-st&t'ic-al,  j  ing  to 
aerostatics. 

A'er-o-stat'i-cs,  n.  sing.  The 
science  that  treats  of  the 
equilibrium  of  elastic  fluids. 

A'er-OS-ta'tion,  n.  Aerial 
navigation ;  aeronautics. 

iEs-thet/i€,  a.  Pertaining  to 
aesthetics. 

JE3-th5t'i€S,  n.  sing.  Theory 
or  philosophy  cf  taste  ;  sci- 
ence of  tho beautiful. 

A-fir',  adv.  At  a  great  dis- 
tance; far.  [fear. 

A-feard',  a.      Affected    with 

Affa-bil'i-ty,  n.  Readiness 
to  converse ;  civility. 

Af'fa-blc,  a.  Easy  of  manners 
or  conversation ;  courteous. 

Af'fa-bly,  adv.  In  an  affable 
manner;  courteously. 

Af-fair',  n.  Business ;  a  par- 
tial or  minor  engagement. 

Af-feot',  v.  t.  To  act  upon  ; 
to  influence;  to  dispore  or 
incline ;  to  aim  at ;  to  make 
a  show  of. 

Affee-ta'tion,  n.  False 
show  ;  artificial  appearance ; 
insincerity ;  pretense. 

Af-fe«t'ed,  a.  Disposed  ;  full 
of  affectation. 

Af-f&€t'ing,  a.  Moving  the 
feelings;  pathetic. 

Af-fS-c'tion,  n.  Love  ;  fond- 
ness ;  inseparable  attribute 
or  quality ;  disease. 

Af-fe-e'tion-ate,  a.  Fond ; 
tender;  loving;  kind. 

Af-fl'ange,  n.  A  marriage 
contract ;  confidence  ;  trust. 
—  v.  t.  To  betroth;  to  trust. 


AFFRANCHISE 

Af-fi'an-(jer,  n.       One  who 

affiances. 
Af-fi'ant,  n.   One  who  makes 

r.n  affidavit. 
Afii-da/vit,    n.      A    sworn 

statement  in  writing. 
Af-fil'i-atc,  v.  t.    To  adopt; 

to  receive  as  a  member. 
AMfl'i-a'tion,  n.  Adoption. 
Af  fi-nagc,  n.  Art  of  refining 

metals  by  the  cupel. 
AMm'i-ty,  «.     Relation  by 

marriage ;  close  agreement ; 

chemical  attraction. 
AMIrm',t>.  t.  To  establish  or 

ratify  ;  to  declare  positively. 

—  Syn.    To  aver;  protest; 
assert ;  asscverato. 

Af-firm'a-blc,  a.  Capable  of 
being-affirmed. 

Af-flrra'ancjc,  n.  Confirma- 
tion; declaration.       [firms. 

AMImVant,  n.    One  who  af- 

Af/iir-ma'tion,  n.  A  solemn 
declaration ;  confirmation ; 
ratification. 

Af-firm'a-tivc,a.  Affirming; 
declaratory ;     confirmative ; 

—  n.  That  which  contains  an 
a^Iirmation. 

Af-fix',  v.  t.    To  attach ;  to 

fisten  to  the  end  ;  to  annex. 
Affix,  n.    A  syllable  or  letter 

joined  to  the  end  of  a  word. 
AMla/tion,  n.    A  blowing  or 

breathing  upon. 
Af-fla'tus,  n.  Breath ;  blast ; 

inspiration. 
Af-fii-Ct',t.  t.  To  give  pain  to ; 

to  trouble ;  ta  distress. 
Af-fli-ct'ed,  a.  Troubled  ;  suf- 
fering distress.        [tressing. 
Af-fliet/ing,  a.  Grievous  ;  dis- 
Af-flrc'tion,  n.  State  of  being 

afflicted ;  sorrow ;  calamity  ; 

distress.  [painful. 

Af-fli€t'ive,  a.     Distressing;' 
Afflu-ence,»i.    Abundance; 

wealth ;  riches. 
Af  flu-ent,  a.  Wealthy  ;  rich  : 

plentiful;  abundant. 
Afflux,  )  n.    The  act  of 

Af-flux'ioil, J      flowing    to  ; 

that  which  flows  to. 
Af-ford',  v.  t.    To  yield;  to 

confer  ;  to  supply  ;  to  be  able 

to  sell,  exchange,  or  expend. 
Af-fran/chise  (-chlz),  v.    t. 


son,  &r,  do,  wolf,  to~o,  tdbk  ;  firn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  £,  soft ;  -c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng :  this. 


AFFRAY 


20 


AGREEABLE 


To  make  free;  to  enfran- 
chise. 

Af-fray',  n.  A  tumultuous 
quarrel ;  brawl. 

Af-fright'  (-frit'),  v.  t.  To 
frighten ;  to  terrify ;  to 
alarm.  —  n.     Sudden  fear. 

Affront'  (-frunf),  n.  Open 
disrespect  or  ill  treatment. 

—  v.  t.  To  insult ;  to  offend. 
Af-fu§e',  v.  t.  To  pour  upon. 
Af-fu'|ion,  n.  Act  of  pouring 

upon.  [the  field. 

A-fieid',  adv.     To,  in,  or  on, 

A-fI6at',  adv.  or  a.  Swim- 
ming ;  in  a  floating  sttte. 

A-  foot',  ad  v.  On  foot;  inac- 
tion. 

A-f6re',ac/t'.or/>rep.  Before. 

A-fore'said  (-sed),  a.  Named 
before.  [past. 

A-fore'time,  adv.      In  time 

A-fraid',  a.   Struck  with  fear. 

—  Syx.  Fearful ;  apprehen- 
sive ;  timid ;  alarmed  ;  fright- 
ened ;  appalled. 

A-fresh',  adv.    Anew  ;  again. 

Aft,   adv.    or  a.     Near    the 

.  stern ;  astern  ;  abaft. 

Aft'cr,  prep.  Later  in  time  ; 
behind  ;  in  search  or  imita- 
tion of;  concerning.  —  a. 
Subsequent ;  more  aft.  — 
adv.  Subsequently  in  time 
or  place 

Aft'er-elap,  n.  An  uncxpect- 

.  cd  subsequent  event. 

.Aft/er-er5p,n.  Asecondcrop. 

Af  fc'er-math,  n.  Second  crop 
of  grass. 

Aft'er-m5st,  a.  Hindmost; 
nearest  the  stern. 

AfVer-ndbn',  n.  The  time 
from  noon  to  evening. 

Aft'er-pain§,  n.  pi.  Pains 
succeeding  childbirth. 

Aft'er-piece,  n.  A  piece  per- 
formed after  a  play. 

Aft'er-thought  (-thawt),  n. 
.  Reflection  after  an  act. 

Aft'er-ward,    1  adv.  Tn  time 

Aft'er-wardg,  )    subsequent. 

A-gain'  (-Sen'),  adv.  Another 
time;  once  more;  in  return. 

A-gainst' (-genst'),  prep.  Op- 
posite to  ;  in  opposition  to  ; 
in  provision  for. 

A-gape',     adv.      With    the 


mouth  wide  open  ;  with  star- 
ing  surprise. 

Ag'ate,  n.    A  kind  of  quartz  ; 
a  kind  of  type ;  thus, 
i83-  Agate  type. 

Age,  n.  Any  period  of  time  ; 
a  particular  period  ;  decline 
of  life ;  mature  years  ;  a  gen- 

_  eration  ;  a  century.        [old. 

A'ged,  a.     Advanced  in  age  ; 

A'gen-Qy,  n.  Quality  of  act- 
ing or  state  of  action ;  office 
of  an  agent  or  factor. 

A'gent,  n.  One  who  acts  as 
a  deputy  ;  an  active  cause  or 
power. 

Ag-gl6m'er-ate,  v.  t.  To 
gather  into  a  ball  or  mass. 

Ag-gl6m'er-ate,  a.  Collected 
into  a  ball  or  heap. 

Ag-glom'er-a'tion,  n.  Act 
of  gathering  into  a  ball; 
close  collection. 

Ag-glu'ti-nant,  a.  Uniting 
as  glue;  causing  adhesion. 
—  n.  Any  viscous  or  ad- 
hesive substance. 

Ag-glu'ti-nate,  v.  t.  To 
cause  to  adhere  or  unite. 

Ag-glu'ti-na'tionjn.  Act  of 
uniting,  as  by  glue;  adhe- 
sion, [to  unite. 

Ag-glu'ti-na-tive,  a.  Tending 

Ag'grand-Ize,  v.  t.  To  make 
great;  to  enlarge  ;  to  exalt. 

Ag-gran'dize-ment,  or  Ag'- 
gran-dlze'ment,»i.  Act  of 
aggrandizing,  or  state  of 
being  aggrandized  ;  exalta- 
tion, [aggrandizes. 

Ag'gran-diz'er,  n.    One  who 

Ag'gra-vate,  v .  t.  To  make 
worse  ;  to  exaggerate ;  to  en- 
hance ;  to  provoke. 

Ag'gra-va'tion,  n.  The  act 
of  aggravating. 

Ag'gre-gate,  v.  t.  To  collect 

Ag'gre-gate,  a.  Formed  of 
parts  collected.  — n.  A  sum 
or  assemblage  of  particulars. 

Ag'gre-ga/tion,  n.  The  act 
of  collecting  into  a  mass. 

Ag'gre-gaVtive,  a.  Causing 
aggregation  ;  collective. 

Ag-gres'sion  (-gresh'un),  n. 
First  attack,  invasion,  or  en- 
croachment,      [first  attack. 

Ag-gress'ive,  a.   Making  the 


Ag-gress'or,  n.  One  who  be 
gins  to  attack,  or  injure. 

Ag-griev'ange,  n.  Injury. 

Ag -grieve',  v.  t.  To  afflict; 
to  oppress  or  injure ;  to  har- 
ass. 

Ag -group'  (-gr6~op0,  v.  t.  To 
bring  together;  to  group. 

A-ghast',  adv.  Amazed;  stu- 
pefied with  horror. 

Ag'ile,  a.     Quick  of  motion. 

—  Syn,      Nimble;    active; 
lively  ;  brisk. 

Ag'ile-ness,  )    n.     Activity  ; 
A-gil'i-ty,      )       quickne.s. 
Ag'i-ta-ble,  a.     Capable  of 

being  agitated. 
Ag'i-tate,  v.  t.    To  disturb  ; 

,to  perturb  ;  to  discuss. 
Ag'i-ta/tion,  n.  Disturbance. 
_  discussion.  [tates. 

Ag'i-ta/tor,  n.    One  who  agi- 
Ag'let,  n.     A  tag  ;  a  point  at 

the  end  of  a  fringe. 
Ag'nail,  n.    A  disease  of  the 
_  nails ;  a  whitlow. 
Ag'nate,  a.    Related  or  akin 

by  the  father's  fide. 
Ag-nartion,  ».    Relation  by 

the  father's  side. 
Ag-no'men,  n.      An   added 

name.  [past. 

A-go',   adv.     In  time   past  ; 
A-g'6g',  adv.    In  a  state  of 

eager  desire  or  curiosity. 
A-go'ing,  p.  pr.    In  motion. 
Ag'o-n!§m,   n.      Contention 

for  a  prize. 
Ag'o-nist'ie,       I  a.  Relating 
Ag'o-mst'i-e-al, J      to      any 

violent    contest,  bodily    or 

mental. 
Ag'o-nize,  v    t.    To  writhe 

with    agony.  —  v.     t.       To 

cause  to  suffer  agony  ;    to 

torture. 
Ag'o-nv,  n.    Excessive  pain. 

—  Syn.  Anguish  ;  pang. 
A-gra'ri-an,  a.    Relating  to 

an  cf|ual  division  of  lands. 

A-gra/ri-an-ism.  n.  An  equal 
division  of  land  or  property. 

A-gree'.  v.  i.  To  be  of  one 
mind  ;  to  harmonize  ;  to 
yield  assent  ;  to  suit  ;  to 
correspond  in  gender,  num- 
ber, case,  or  t'erson. 

A-gree'a-ble  (15),  a.  Agreeing 


i,G,T,  o,  u,y,  Ion 


g;  X,  e,  I,  o,  H,  y,  short ;  care,  car, ask,  all,  what;  ere, vgU,  term  ;  pique,  firm 


AGREEABLY 


21 


ALIENABLE 


or  suitable  ;  in  conformity  ; 
pleasing  to  the  mind  or 
senses. 

A-grce'a-bly,  adv.  In  an 
agreeable  manner ;  conform- 
ably- 

A-gree'ment,  n.  Act  or  state 
of  agreeing  ;  concord  ;  har- 
mony ;  bargain  :  compact. 

Ag'ri-eult'ur-al,  a.  Relating 
to  agriculture. 

Ag'ri-eult'ure,   u.      Art  of 

cultivating  the  ground ,  hus- 

_  bandry  ;  tillage.  [er. 

Ag'ri-eult'ur-ist,  n.    A  farm- 

A-ground',  adv.  On  the 
_  ground ;  stranded. 

A'guc  (a'gu),  n.  Chilliness; 
_an  intermitting  fever. 

A'gu-ish  (11),  a.  Shivering; 
_  chilly  :  partaking  of  ague. 

A'g\i-ish-ness,  n.     A  shiver- 

..ing  as  with  cold. 

Ah,  interj.  An  exclamation 
expressive  of  surprise,  tri- 
umph, &c. 

A -hi',  interj.  An  exclamation 
denoting  triumph,  &c. 

A-head',  adv.  Further  on  ; 
forward;  in  advance 

Aid,  t>.  t.  To  help  ;  to  succor; 
to  assist.  —  n.  Help;  sup- 
port :  assistance  ;  succor. 

Aid'-de-eamp,      1     (id'-de- 

Aide-de-eamp,  I  kong)  n. 
{£t.  Aids -de-camp,  or 
Aide§-de-€amp  )  An  offl- 
_cer  wiio  assists  a  general. 

Ail,  n.  Disorde*  :  indisposi- 
tion. —  v.  t.  To  affect  with 
pain  or  uneasiness  ;  to  trou- 
ble ;  to  be  the  matter  with. 

Ail'ment,  n.  Illness  ;  iuor- 
bid  affection. 

Aim,  n.  Direction  ;  endeavor  ; 
design;  purpose;  intention. 
—  v.  i.  &  /.  -To  point,  or 
_  direct  as  a  weapon. 

Aim'less,  a.     Without  aim. 

A^r,  n.  The  fluid  we  breathe  ; 
atmosphere  ;  a  tunc ;  pecu- 
liar manner  or  appearance ; 
mien  ;  show  of  pride.  —  v.  t. 
To  expose  to  the  air ;  to  ven- 
tilate ;  to  dry  by  air  and 
„  warmth.        [containing  air. 

Air'-cjells,  n.  pi.       Cavities 

Air'-gurf,  n  A  gun  discharg- 


ed by  means  of  compressed 
air. . 

Air'-hole,  n.  A  hole  to  ad- 
rait  or  discharge  air. 

Air'lAy ,  adv .  Gayly  ;  merrily. 

Air'i-ness,  n.  Openness  to  the 

^  air  :  gayety  ;  levity. 

Air'ing,n.  An  excursion  in 
the  open  air ;   exposure   to 

~  air. 

Air'less,  a.  Void  of  air  ;  close. 

Air'-pump,  n.  A  machine 
for  exhausting  the  air  for  a 

^  closed  vessel. 

Air'y,  a.  Open  to  the  air : 
gay  ;  unsubstantial. 

Aisle  (II),  n.  Wing  of  a  build- 
ing ;  a  passage  in  a  church. 

A-jar',  a</t\    Partly  open. 

A-k'im'bo,  adv.  With  a 
crook  or  bend. 

A -km'  a.  Related  by  blood  ; 
allied  by  nature. 

Al'a-bas'ter,  n.  A  soft,  trans- 
lucent variety  of  sulphate 
or  carbonate  of  lime. 

A-lack',  interj.  An  exclama- 
tion expressive  of  sorrow. 

A-la-e'ri-ty,  n.  Cheerful 
readiness  or  willingness. 

Al'a-mode',  ctdr.  In  the  fash- 
ion.—  n.  A  kind  of  thin 
glossy  black  silk. 

A-larm',  n.  A  notice  of 
danger  ;  sudden  surprise 
and  fear. — v.  t.  To  give 
notice  of  danger  ;  to  dis- 
turb ;  to  terrify. 

A-larm'-cl6ck,  n.  A  clock 
made  to  sound  an  alarm. 

A-larm'ist,  n.  One  who  in- 
tentionally excites  alarm. 

A-las',  interj.  An  exclama- 
tion expressive  of  sorrow. 

Alb,  n.  A  vestment  of  white 
linen  worn  by  Roman  Cath- 
olic priests. 

Al-be'it,  adv.  Although ; 
notwithstanding. 

Al-b*s'cent,  a.  Becoming 
white  or  whitish. 

AI-bFno,  ».  (pi.  Al-bi'ncs) 
A  person  or  animal  preter- 
naturally  white  ;  especially, 

_  a  white  negro. 

Al'bum,  n.  A  blank  book  for 
autographs.  &c. 

Al-bu'men,  n.      A  peculiar 


animal  substance  found 
nearly  pure  in  the  white  of 
an  egg.  [part  of  wood. 

Al-bur'num,  n.  White,  soft 
Al'-ca-hest,  In.  A  universal 
Al'ka-hest,  j  solvent. 
Al-eaid',  n.  A  Spanish  gov- 
ernor or  warden. 
Al-€hem'i€-al,  a.  Relating 
to,  or  produced  by,  alchemy. 
Al'-ehe-mist.  n.        One  who 

practices  alchemy. 
Al'€he-my ,  n .    Oecult  chem- 
istry ;  the  art  of  changing 
ba>e  metals  into  gold. 
Al'-ec-h&l,  n.     Pureor  highly 

rectified  spirit. 
Al'-eo-hdl'ic,  a.      Pertaining 
to,  or  partaking  of,  alcohol. 
Al'«o-ran.   n.       The    snored 
book  of  the  Mohammedans. 
Al'-eove,cr  Al-€6ve',  n.     A 
recess  in  a  library  or  other 
room.  [varieties. 

Al'cer,  n.     A  tree  of  feveral 
Al'der-man  (21),  n.    A  mag- 
istrate   ranking     below    a 
mayor. 
Ale,  n.      A  fermented  malt 

liquor. 
A-ldm'bi-e,  n.  Chem- 
ical  vessel   used   in 
distilling. 
A-lert',  n.      On    the" 
Match  ;      vigilant  ; t 
brisk  :  prompt. 
A-lert'ness,    n.      Watchful- 
ness: briskness;  ac(i\itv. 
Ale  wife  (20),  n.      A  kind  of 
(ish  resembling  the  herring. 
Al'ge-bra,  n.     A  branch  of 
mathematics    that  investi- 
gates the  relations  of  num- 
bers by  means  of  letters  and 
other  symbols. 
Al'ge-fcra'i-e,        )  a.         Per- 
Al'ge-bra'ie-al.  )  tainirg  to, 

or  performed  by.  algebra. 
Al'ge-bra/ist.  v.    One  who  is 

skilled  in  algebra. 

A'li-as,   adv.      Otherwise.  — 

n.     A    second  writ;  an  as- 

sinned  name,     [other  place. 

Al'i-bi,   n.      Elsewhere  :   an- 

Al'ien  fal'yeo),  a.     Foreign; 

_  adverse.  — n.     A  foreigr.er. 

Al'ien-a-ble,  a.     Capable  of 

being  alienated. 


Alembic. 


eon,  or,  do,  wolf,  to~o,  tdbk;  Cm,  rue,  prill ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


ALIENATE 

Al'ien-ate,  v.  t.  To  transfer 
to  another;  to  estrange. 

Allien- a'tioiv  n.  Transfer  ; 
legal  conveyance  ;  estrange- 

_  ment.  [alienates. 

Al'ien-a'tor,    n.      One  who 

APien-ee',  n.  One  to  whom 
the  title  of  property  is  trans- 
ferred 

A-lIght'  (a-lhV),  v.  i.  To  get 
down  ;  to  dismount ;  to  fall ; 
to  descend  and  settle. 

A-lign'ment  (-lfn'-)>  n.  The 
adjusting  of  a  line  ;  the  line 
of  adjustment ;  ground-plan 
of  a  road. 

A-lIke',  adv.  In  the  same 
manner.  —  a.  Similar  ;  with- 
out difference. 

Al'i-ment,  n.  That  which 
nourishes.  —  Sv.v.  Food  ; 
nourishment ;  "nutriment. 

Al'i-mSnt'al,      I  a.   Pertain- 

AFi-ment'a-ry,  I  ing  to,  or 
supplying,  food ;  nutritious. 

APi-mSnt'ive-ness,  n.  The 
organ  of  appetite  for  food. 

Al'i-mo-ny,  n.  A  separate 
maintenance  allowed  a  wife 
out  of  h$r  husband's  estate, 
on  her  divorce  or  separation 
from  him. 

Al'i-quant,  a.  Not  dividing 
without  a  remainder. 

Al'i-qu6t,  a.  Dividing  with- 
out a  remainder. 

A-live',  a.  Having  life  ;  liv- 
ing ;  active  ;  lively  ;  suscep- 
tible,        [universal  solvent. 

Al'ka-hSst,  n.     A  pretended 

Al'ka-les'Qent,  a.  Tending 
to  become  alkaline. 

APka-K,  or  Al'ka-11,  n.  (pi. 
Al'ka-lies,-llz  w-lTz.)  A 
caustic  substance  which 
neutralizes  acids. 

Al'ka-line  (-lTn  or  -lln),  a. 
Having  the  qualities  of  al- 
kali.  [alkaline. 

Al'ka-llze,  v.   t.      To  make 

Al'ka-loid,  a.  A  vegetable 
principle  possessing  alkaline 
properties. 

All,  a.  Every  one:  compris- 
ing the  whole  number.  — 
n  The  whole  ;  every  thing  ; 
the  total.  —  adv.  Wholly  ; 
completely  ;  entirely  ;  quite. 


22 

Al-lay',  v.  t.  To  make  quiet ; 

to  put  at  rest  or  bring  down. 

—  S  YN.  To  check  ;  appease ; 

calm  ;     pacify  ;     assuage  ; 

mitigate ;  repress. 
Al'le-ga'tion,    n.       Positive 

affirmation  or  assertion. 
Al-lgge'    (al-lej'),   v.   t.      To 

assert  positively  ;  to  declare  ; 

to  plead  in  excuse  ;  to  cite. 
Al-le'gianQe,   ».     The    duty 

of  fidelity  which  a  subject 

owes    to    his    government  ; 

loyalty ;  fealty. 
Al'le-gdr'i*,       )  a.      In  the 
Al'le-gor'i-e-al, J    manner  of 

allegory ;  figurative. 
Al'le-gSr'ie-al-ly,  adv.     In 

an  allegorical  manner. 
Al'le-go-rlzc,  v.  t.    To  form 

or  turn  into  allegory.  —  v. 

i.    To  use  allegory. 
Al'le-go-ry,  n.     A  figurative 

sentence    or    discourse  ;    a 

parable. 
Al-le'gro,atft\     Quick;  live- 
ly. —  n.    A  quick,  sprightly 

movement  in  music. 
Al'le-lu'iaf-lu'ya),  1  ?i.  Praia* 
Al'le-lu'iah,  i       Jeho- 

vah ;'  a  song  or  ascription  of 

praise  to  God. 
Al-le'vi-ate,  v.  t.    To  make 

light ;  to  ease  ;  to  lessen. 
Al-le'vi-a'tion,   ft.      Act  of 

alleviating  or  making  light. 
Al'ley    (19),    n.     A    narrow- 
walk  or  passage,     [of  April. 
All-fdblg'-day,  n.    The  first 
All-hail',  i'lterj.    All  health  ; 

a  phrase  of  salutation. 
Al-li'ancje,  n.  Union  by  treaty 

or  marriage  ;   confederacy  ; 

parties  allied. 
Apli-ga/tiorf,  n.    A  rule  of 

arithmetic. 
Al'li-ga/tor,  n 

A    lai-ge    am- 
phibious   rep 

tile;  the  Amer 

ican  crocodile. 
Al-lit'er-a'tion 

n.     Repetition  of  the  same 

letter  at  the   beginning  of 

two     or     more     successive 

words. , 
Al'lo-ea'tion,  n.     A  putting 

one  thing  to  another. 


ALMIGHTY 

Al'lo-cu'tion,  n.  Act  or  man- 
ner of  addressing  ;  address. 

Al-io'di-al,  a.  Free  of  rent 
or  service ;  freehold. 

Al-16'di-um,  n.  Land  which 
is  the  absolute  property  of 
the  owner  ;  freehold  estate. 

Al-lot'  Ci),v.  t.  To  give  by 
lot ;  to  distribute. 

Al-16t'ment,  n.  Act  of  allot- 
ing ;  share  allotted. 

Al-low',  t\  t.  To  permit  ;  to 
grant ;  to  yield  ;  to  make 
abatement. 

Al-low'a-ble,  a.  Proper  to 
be  allowed ;  permissible. 

Al-low'anQe,  n.  Act  of  allow- 
ing ;  that  which  is  allowed  ; 
permission  ;  abatement.  — 
r.  t.  To  limit  to  a  certain 
quantity  of  food  or  drink. 

Al-loy',  n.  A  compound  of 
two  or  more  metals  ;  a  baser 
metal  mixed  with  a  fine.  — 
v.  t.    To  debase  by  mixing. 

All-saints'-day,  n.  The  first 
day  of  November. 

All-souls'-day,  n.  The  soc- 
ond  day  of  November. 

All'spige,  n.  The  berry  of  the 
pimento. 

Al-luclc',  v.  i.  To  refer  to 
without  direct  mention.  — 
Syn.  To  hint ;  to  insinuate. 

Al-lure',  v.  t.  To  attempt  to 
draw  to.  —  SYN.  To  entice  ; 
decoy  ;  seduce. 

Al-Iurc'mcnt,  n.  That  which 
allures  or  ontices. 

Al-lur'ing  (11),  a.  Having 
power  to  allure  ;  enticing. 

Al-lu'sion,  n.  Reference  ; 
proper!',  indirect  reference. 

Al-Iu'sivc,  a.  Having  allu- 
sion. 

Al-lu'vi-al,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  composed  of,  alluvium. 

Al-lu'vi-cn,   I  n.  (pi.  Al-lu'- 

Al-lu'vi-um, J  vi-a.)  Earth 
deposited  by  water. 

Al-ly'  (19),  ft.  One  united  to 
another  by  treaty  or  by  any 
tie;  a  confederate. — v.  t. 
To  unite  by  compact. 

Al'ma-nae,  n.  A  book  or  ta- 
ble containing  a  calendar  of 
months,  weeks,  days,  &c. 

Al-mlght'y  (-mTt'-),  a.     All- 


a,6,I,  o,  utytlong;  &,&,  T,  o,u,  f,  short;  cure,  car,  ask,  all,  what;  Ore,  veil,  torni  ;  p'.'que,  i'lrm; 


ALMOND 

powerful;      omnipotent.  — 

..«.     The  omnipotent  God. 

APmond  (i'mund),  n.  The 
fruit  of  the  almond-tree,  a 
tree  much  resembling  the 
peach  ;  one  of  two  glands  in 
the  throat ;  tonsil. 

Al'mon-er,  n.  A  distributer 
of  alms  for  another. 

Apmon-ry,  n.  Place  for  dis- 
tributing alms. 

Al-most'(17),  adv.     Nearly; 

[|for  the  most  part. 

Alms  (amz),  n.  sing,  and  pi. 
Any  thing  given  to  relieve 

..the  poor.  [of  charity. 

Alms'-deed  (Sins'-),  n.     Act 

Alms'-house,  n.  A  house 
for~the,use  of  the  poor. 

Al'oe  (al'o),  n.  (pi.  Al'oes.) 
A  tree  of  several  species ; 
the  inspissated  juice  of  the 
tree,  used  as  a  drug. 

A-loft' ',  adv .  On  high  ;  above. 

A-16ne',  a.    Single  ;  solitary. 
—  adv.     Separately. 

A-lSng',  adv.  Lengthwise ; 
onward  ;  forward  ;  togeth- 
er.—  All  along,  the  whole 
way  ;  throughout.  —  prep. 
By  the  length  of.  [side. 

A-16ng-sIde',  adv.     Side  by 

A-loof',  adv.  At  or  from  a 
distance ;  apart  — prep.  At 
a  distance  from  ;  away  from. 

A-loud',  adv.    Loudly. 

AI-p&€'a  (18),  n.  The  Peru- 
vian sheep,  or  llama,  and  the 
cloth  made  of  its  wool. 

,  i'pha,  a.  First  letter  of  the 
Greek  alphabet,  answering 
to  A  in  English  ;  the  begin- 

-  r-ing. 

Al'pha-bet,  n.  The  letters 
of  a  language  arranged  in 
order.  —  v.  t.  To  arrange  in 
the  order  of  an  alphabet. 

APpha-fet'i-e,      I  a.     Per- 

APpha-bet'io-al, )  taining 
to,  or  in  the  order  of,  an 
alphabet. 

Appha-bet'i-eal-ly,  adv.  In 
alphabetic  order. 

Al'plne,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 
Alp*,  or  to  any  lofty  moun- 
tain ;  very  high. 

Al-read'y,  adv.  At  or  before 
this  time ;  now. 


Altar. 


23 

I  Al'so,  adv.  or  conj.  In  the 
same  manner  ;  likewise  ;  too. 

Al'tar,  n.  A  place 
for  offerings  to 
some  deity ;  com- 
munion table. 

APtar-piece,    n 
A     paintiDg     o: 
piece   of  sculpt 
ure  over  or  be-,1" 
hind  the  altar, 

Al'ter,  v.   t.     To 
make  some  change  in. — v. 
i.    To  change  ;  to  vary. 

APter-ant,  a.  Producing  a 
gradual  change. — n.  An 
alterative. 

APter-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
altering ;  change. 

APter-a-tive,    a.       Causing 
alteration. —  n.     A  medicine 
that   gradually   produces   a 
change  in  the  habit  or  con- 
stitution, [in  words. 

APter-eate,  •.  i.   To  contend 

APter-ea'tion,  n.  AY'arm  \ 
contention  in  words  ;  con-  | 
troversy  ;  wrangle  ;  dispute.  I 

Al-ter'nate,  a.  Being  by 
turns. 

APter-nate,  or  Al-ter'nate, 
v.  t.  To  perform  by  turns.  — 
v.  i.  To  happen  or  to  act 
by  turns.  [turns. 

Al-ter'nate-ly,     adv.        By 

APter-na'tion,  n.  Reciprocal 
succession. 

Al-ter'na-tive,  n.  Choice  of 
two  things. — a.  Offering 
a  choice  of  two  things. 

Al-the'a  (18),  n.     A  shrub. 

Al  -though'  (al-thS'),  conj. 
Grant ;  allow  or  admit  that ; 
notwithstanding. 

Al-tim'e-try,   n.        Art   of 

_  measuring  heights. 

Al'ti-tude,  n.  The  height  of 
an  object;  elevation. 

Al'to,  adv.  High.  —  n.  The 
counter  tenor. 

APto-geth'er,  adv.  Wholly  ; 
without  exception ;  con- 
jointly. 

Al'um,n.  A  peculiar  astrin- 
gent mineral  substance. 

A-lu'mi-na,  I  n.     One  of  the 

Al'u-mine,  j  earths.  When 
pure  it  is  called  sapphire. 


AMBER 

Apu-min'i-um,  )  n.   A  light, 

A-lu'mi-num,    i  white 

metal,  the  metallic  base  of 
alumina. 

A-lu'mi-nous,  a.  Containing 
or  resembling  alum. 

A-lum'nus,  n.  (pi.  A-lum'- 
nl.)  A  pupil;  a  graduate. 

Al've-0-late,  a.  Pitted  like  a 
honey-comb.  [belly. 

Al'vine,  a.    Belonging  to  the 

APway    I    (17),   adv.      For- 

Al'ways.  )  ever  ;  perpetually  ; 
constantly. 

Am.  The  first  person  of  To  be. 

A-main',  adv.  With  all 
force  ;  suddenly.  . 

A-maPgam,  n.  A  compound 
of  quicksilver  with  another 
metal. 

A-maPgam-ate,  v.  t.  To 
combine  with  quicksilver. 

A-maPgam-a'tion,  n.  Tho 
act  of  amalgamating. 

A-mirPu-en'sis,  n.  (pi.  A- 
marPu-cn'ses.)  A  writer  of 
what  another  dictates;  a 
copyist. 

Am'a-ranth,  n.  An  orna- 
mental plant  with  showy 
flowers ;  an  imaginary 
flower  that  never  fades. 

AnPa-rarith'ine,  a.  Like 
amaranth  ;  unfading. 

A-mass',  v.  t.  To  collect 
into  a  heap ;  to  accumulate. 

AnPa-teur'  (-tur'),  n.  A  lover 
of  any  one  of  the  fine  arts. 

Am'a-tive-ness,  n.  Propen- 
sity to  love. 

Am'a-to-ry,  a.  Relating  to, 
or  induced  by,  love. 

A -maze'  e.  t~.  To  astonish  ; 
to  confound.  —  n.  A  mingled 
feeling  of  surprise  and  won- 
der; astonishment. 

A-maze'ment  (10),  n.  As- 
tonishment; confusion. 

A-maz'ing,  a.     Wonderful. 

Am'a-zon,  n.  A  warlike 
woman  ;  a  virago. 

Am/a-zo'ni-an,  a.  Relating 
to,  or  resembling,  an  Ama- 
zon, [bassador. 

Am-bas'sa-dor,  n.    See  Em- 

Am'ber,  n.  A  yellowish  fos- 
sil resin,  used  for  ornament- 
al purposes,  varnishes,  &c. 


son,  or,  dp.,  wolf,  t<ib,  tdbk ;  Urn,  rue,  pull ;  $,  g,  soft ;  e,  g,  hard ;  a*  ;  ejist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


AMBERGRIS 

Am'ber-gris,  n.  A  fragrant 
waxy  secretion  of  the  sperm 
whale. 

AnYbi-dSx'ter,  n.  One  who 
uses  both  bauds  with  equal 

_  dexterity  ;  a  double-dealer. 

Am'bi-dex-ter'i-tyjM.  Power 
of  using  botli   hands   with 

_  equal  ease  ;  double-dealing. 

Am/bi-dex'trous,  a.  Using 
both  hands  with  equal  fa- 
cility. 

Am'bi-ent.  «.  Encompass- 
ing ;  surrounding. 

Ara'bi-gu'i-ty,  n.  Doubtful- 
ness of  meaning. 

Am-big'u-ous,  a.  Of  uncer- 
tain meaning;  doubtful; 
equivocal. 

Am-big'u-ous-ly,  adv.  E- 
quivocally  ;  doubtfully. 

Am-bi'tion  (-bYsh'un),  n. 
An  eager  desire  of  fame  or 
power. 

Am-bFtious  (-bish'us),  a. 
Controlled  by ,  or  indicating, 
ambition  ;  desirous  of  su- 
per iority. 

Am'ble,  v.  t.  To  move  with 
an  amble. — n-  A  peculiar 
gait  of  a  horse  in  which  t'.io 
two  legs  on  the  same  side 
move  together. 

Am'bler,  n.  A  horse  which 
ambles  or  paces. 

Am-bro'sia  (-bro'zha),  n. 
The  imaginary  food  of  the 
gods  :  a  genus  of  plants. 

Am-bro'sial,  )  a.      Having 

Am-bro'§ian,  I  the  quali- 
ties of  ambro*ia ;  delicious. 

Am'bro-type,  n.  A  photo- 
graphic picture  taken  on  a 
plate  of  prepared  glass. 

Am'bu-lange,  n.  A  kind  of 
moving  hospital;  a  four- 
wheeled  vehicle  for  convey- 
ing  the   wounded    from    a 

_  battle-field. 

Am/bu-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
walking  about. 

AiTi'bu-la-to-ry,  a.  Able  to 
walk;  walking;  movable. — 
n.     A  place  for  walking. 

Am/bus-eade',  n.  A  con- 
cealed place  in  which  troops 
lie  hid  to  attack  an  enemy  ; 
the  troops  themselves. 


24 

Am'bush,  n.  The  act  or 
place"  of  lying  in  wait ; 
troops  posted  in  a  concealed 
place  to  attack  an  enemy ; 
an  ambuscade. 

A-mel'io-rate,  v.  t.  To  make 
better.  — v.  i.  To  grow  bet- 
ter ;  to  meliorate. 

A-mePio-ra/tion,  n.  Act  of 
making  or  growing  better  ; 
improvement  ;    melioration. 

A'men',  So  be  it ;  verily  ; 
truly.  —  n.  Truth  ;  one  who 
is  true. 

A-me'na-ble,  a.  Liable  to 
give  account ;  responsible. 

A-mend',  v.  t.  To  change  in 
any  way  for  the  Letter.  —  r . 
i.  To  grow  better.  —  Syn. 
To  correct ;  reform  ;  rectify  ; 
improve. 

A-mend'a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  amended. 

A-mende'  (a-mongd'),  w. 
A  pecuniary  fine;  repara- 
tion ;  retraction. 

A-m§nd'ment,  n.  A  change 
for  the  better;  improve- 
ment. 

A-mends',  n.  sing,  and  pi. 
Compensation ;  recompense ; 
satisfaction. 

A-mSn'i-ty,  n.  Pleasantness; 
agrceableness  of  situation. 

A-mSrge',  v.  t.  To  punish 
with  a  fine. 

A-m3rge'a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  amerced ;  liable  to 
a  fine. 

A-merQe'ment,  n.  Arbi- 
trary fine. 

A-mSrVjer,  n.  One  who 
amerces,  or  imposes  a  fine. 

A-mer'i-€an-ism,«.  A  word, 
phrase,  or  idiom  peculiar  to 
America. 

A-mer'i-can-ize,  v.  t.  To 
render  American. 

Am'e-thyst,  n.  A  precious 
stone  of  a  violet-blue  color. 

Am'e-thyst'ine,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  like,  amethyst. 

A'mi-a-bil'i-ty,  n.  Amiable- 
ness. 

A'mi-a-ble,  a.  Worthy  of 
love  ;  lovely  ;  lovable. 

A'mi-a-ble-ness,  n.  Quality 
of  being  amiable. 


AMPLIFICATION 

A'mi-a-bly,  adv.  In  an 
amiable  manner. 

Am'i-an'thus,  n.  An  incom- 
bustible fibrous  mineral 
substance ;  earth-flax. 

Am'i-ea-ble,  a.  Friendly; 
peaceable  ;  harmonious. 

A-mid',      )    prep.      In    the 

A-midst', J  midst  or  mid- 
dle of;  among. 

A-miss',  a.  Wrong  ;  improp- 
er.—  adv.    Improperly. 

Am'i-ty,  n.  Friendship  ;  har- 
mony ;  agreement ;  good- 
will. 

Am-moini-a,  n.  A  volatile 
alkali. 

Am-mo'ni-a-e,  n.  A  peculiar 
concrete  juice  used  in  med- 
icine. 

Am-mo'ni-ae,      \  a.     Per- 

Am'mo-nl'a-e-al,  j  taining 
^  to  ammonia. 

Am'mu-ni'tion  (-nish'unk 
n.  Military  stores,  as  pow- 
der, balls,  bombs,  &c. 

Am'nes-ty,  n.  An  act  of  gen- 
eral pardon. 

A-mong',      \prep.  Mingled  or 

A-mongst', )  associated  with. 

Am'o-rous,  a.  Pertaining  to 
love:  inclined  to  love;  en- 
amored ;  passionate. 

A-mor'phous,  a.  Having  no 
determinate  form. 

A-mcunt',  v.  i.  To  come  in 
the  aggregate  ;  to  be  equiva- 
lent. —  n.  The  sum  total ; 
aggregate. 

A-mpur',  n.  A  love  intrigue  ; 
an  affair  of  gallantry. 

Am-phib'i-an,  n.  An  animal 
that  lives  on  land  or  in 
water. 

Am-phib'i-ous,  a.  Living  in 
'  two  different  elements. 

Am'phi-b61'o-gy,  n.  Dis- 
course or  proposition  of 
doubtful  meaning. 

AnVphi-the'a-ter,  (n.      An 

Am/phi-the'a-tre,  )  edifice 
of  a  circular  or  oval  form, 
used  for  public  sports. 

AnVphi-the-at'ri-e-aLa.  Per- 
taining to  an  amphitheater. 

Am'ple,  a.  Large  ;  extended  ; 
liberal;  diffusive;  wide. 

Am'pli-fi-ea'tion,    n.      En- 


B,  E,  T,  o,  ii,  y,  long ;  :t,  e,  T,  5,  tt,  5',  short ;  e:\re,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  Ore,  veil,  term  ;  p'.'que,  firm 


AMPLIFIER 


25 


ANGER 


largement ;  diffuse  descrip- 
tion, [amplifies. 

Am'pli-fFer,    n.      Oue  who 

Am'pli-fy,  v.  t.  To  enlarge  ; 
to  treat  copiously.  —  v.  i. 
To  become  large  ;  to  dilate. 

Am'pli-tude,  n.  Largeness ; 
extent ;  capacity.       [erally. 

Am'ply,  adv.     Largely  ;  lib- 

Am'pu-tate,  v.  t.  To  cut  off, 
as  a  limb. 

AnVpu-ta/tion,  n.  Act  of 
cutting  off  a  limb. 

Am'u-let,  n.  Something 
worn  to  prevent  evil ;  a 
charnw^ 

A-mu§e',  v.  t.  To  entertain 
agreeably  ;  to  delude.  — 
SYN.    To  divert ;  entertain. 

A-muse'ment,  n.  That  which 
amuses.  [amusement. 

A-mus'ing,    a.        Affording 

A-mu'sIve,  a.  Having  power 
to  amuse. 

A-myg'da-late,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  made  of,  almonds. 

A-myg'da-lme,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  like,  almonds. 

AnVy-la'ceous,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  starch. 

An.  One ;  any  ;  —  the  same 
as  a,  the  indefinite  article. 

An'a-bap'tist,  n.  One  who 
holds  that  infant  baptism 
is  not  valid. 

A-naeh'ro-nism  (-nXk7-),  n. 
An  error  in  chronology. 

An'a-eSn'da  ( 18),  n.  A  large 
serpent  of  the  Boa  family. 

A-na€'re-6n'ti€,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  Anacreon,  a  Greek 
poet ;  amatory  ;  convivial. 

An'a-gram,  n.  Transposition 
of  the  letters  of  a  name  or 
word.  [ing  to^inalogy. 

An'a-ldi'ie-al,    a.      Accord- 

A-nal'o-glze,  v.  t.  To  ex- 
plain by  analogy. 

A-nal'o-gous,  a.  Having 
analogy  or  resemblance. 

A-nal'o-gy,  n.  Agreement 
between  things  which  are  in 
most  respects  entirely  un- 
like; proportion. 

A-nal'y-sis,  n.  (  pi.  A-nal'y- 
ses  )  Resolution  of  any 
thing  into  its  constituent 
elements. 


An'a-lyst,  n.  One  who  ana- 
lyzes. 

An'a-lyt'ic,       1  a.    Pertain- 

An'a-lyt'ic-al,  )  ing  to  anal- 
ysis ;  resolving  into  ele- 
ments. 

An'a-lyt'i€S,  n.  sing.  The 
science  of  analysis. 

An'a-lyze,  v.  t.  To  resolve 
into  first  principles  or  ele- 
ments. 

An'a-lyz'er,  n.  One  who 
■  analyzes. 

An'a-pest,  n.  A  metrical 
foot  of  one  long  and  two 
short,  or  one  accented  and 
two  unaccented,  syllables. 

An'a-pSst'ie,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  anapest. 

A-narch'i-e,      )  a.       Being 

A-nareh'i€-al, }  without 
government ;  lawless  ;  dis- 
orderly. 

An'areh-y,  n.  Want  of  gov- 
ernment ;  lawlessness. 

A-nath'e-ma  (18),  n.  An 
ecclesiastical  curse  and  ex- 
communication. 

A-nath'e-ma-tize,  v.  t.  To 
pronounce  an  anathema 
ag.-iinst. 

An'a-tom'ie-al,  a.  Belong- 
ing to  anatomy  or  dissec- 
tion, [in  anatomy. 

A-nat'o-mist,  n.    One  skilled 

A-nat'o-my,  n.  Art  of  dis- 
section ;  doctrine  of  the 
structure  of  the  body  learn- 
ed by  dissection  ;  thing  dis- 
sected. 

An'bu-ry,  n.  Soft  tumor  on 
horses  and  cows ;  excres- 
cence on  the  roots  of  tur- 
nips,  &c. 

An'ges-tor,  n.  One  from 
whom  a  person  descends ; 
progenitor ;  forefather. 

An-gSs'tral,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  descending  from,  an- 
cestors. 

An'ges-try,  n.  Series  of  an- 
cestors ;  lineage ;  honorable 
descent. 

Aneh'or,  n.  An 
iron  instrument 
for  holding  a 
ship  at  rest.  — 
v.  t.      To  place     Anchor.      | 


at  anchor.  —  v.  i.    To  cast 
_  anchor. 

Aneh'or-age,n.  Ground  for 
anchoring. 

Aneh'o-ress,  n.  A  female 
anchoret 

Aneh'o-r§t,   )  n.  A  religious 

Aivch'o-rlte, J  solitary  ;  a 
hermit ;  a  recluse. 

An-cho'vy,  n.  A  small  sea- 
fish  used  in  seasoning. 

An'cient  (an'shent),  a.  Of 
former  times ;  not  modern  ; 

_old.  [times. 

An'cient-ly,   adv.      In    old 

An'cients  (an'shents),  n.  pi. 
Men  of  former  times  ;  old 
men. 

An'gil-la-ry,  a.  Subservient 
or  subordinate,  like  a  hand- 
maid. 

And,  conj.  A  particle  ex- 
pressing the  relation  of  ad- 
dition, and  serving  to  con- 
nect words  or  sentences. 

An-dan'te,  a.  (Mus.)  Rather 
slow ;  moderate.  —  n.  A 
movement  or  piece  in  andan- 
te time. 

And'i-ron(-T-urn),n.  A  uten- 
sil for  supporting  wood  in  a 
fireplace. 

An-drog'y-nal,      I  a.     Ilav- 

An-drog'y-noiis,  I  ing  the 
characteristics  of  both  sexes. 

An'e-e-dote,  n.  A  short  story 
or  incident. 

An'ee-ddt'i-e-al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  anecdotes.       [flower. 

A-nem'o-ne,  n.    The  wind- 

An'eu-rism,  n.  A  soft  pul- 
sating tumor  formed  by  a 
morbid  enlargement  of  an 
artery. 

A-new',  adv.  Afresh  ;  newly  ; 
over,  again. 

An 'gel,  n.  A  divine  mes- 
senger ;  a  ministering  spirit ; 
a  beautiful  person. 

An-gel'ie,        I  a.    Belonging 

An-gel'ie-al,  j  to,  or  resem- 
bling, angels. 

An'gel-61'o-gy,  n.  The  doc- 
trine respecting  angels. 

An'ger,  n.  A  strong  passion 
excited  by  injury  ;  resent- 
ment ;  rage  ;  wrath.  —  v.  t. 
To  make  angry  ;  to  provoke. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk  ;  urn,  nje,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as.  ;  e^ist/  n  as  ng; 


tin.;. 


ANGLE 

An/gle,  n.   A 

point  where  D" 

two        lines 

meet ;  a  cor-  g. 

ner  ;   differ- 

pnr-P    of    rii-  CAE,  right  an- 
ence  ot    ai-        ,e     *>  D 

rection      of      acute  an{,le  . 

two  lines  or       BAE,   obtuse 

planes  ;  fish-       angle. 

ing  tackle.—*,  i.     To  fish 

with  a  line  and  hook. 

An/gler,  n.  One  who  angles 
or  fishes. 

An'gli-ean,  a.    English. 

An'gli-Qism,  n.  An  English 
idiom.  [into  English. 

An/gli-cjze,  v.  t.    To  render 

An'gling,  n.  Act  of  fishing 
with  a  line  and  hook. 

An'gri-ly  (13),  adv.  With 
anger. 

An/gry,  a.  Moved  with  an- 
ger ;  exasperated ;  provoked. 

An'guish,  n.  Excessive  pain. 

An'gu-lar,  a.  Having  an- 
gles. 

An/gu-lar'i-ty,  n.  Quality 
of  being  angular. 

An'gu-la/ted,  a.  Formed 
with  angles.  [imbecile. 

An'ile,  a.     Old    womanish  ; 

A-ml'i-ty,n.  Old  age  of  a 
woman ;  dotage. 

An/i-mad-ver'sion,  n.  Re- 
marks by  way  of  criticism  or 
reproof.  —  Syn.  Strictures; 
comment ;  blame. 

An'i-mad-vert',  v.  i.  To  turn 
the  mind  :  to  remark  by  way 

_  of  criticism. 

An'i-mal,  n.  An  organized 
living  being,  endowed  with 
sensation  and  voluntary 
motion  ;  an  irrational  being. 
a.  —  Pertaining  to  animals. 

An'i-mal'-cu-lar,  a.  Relating 
to,  or  resembling,  animal- 
cules. 

An'i-mal'€ule  (18),  n.  An  in- 
visible or  very  minute  ani- 
mal, [malcular. 

Aiyi-mal'-eu-line,  a.      Ani- 

An'i-mal'eu-lum,  n.  (pi. 
An'i-mal'-cu-Ia.)  An  ani- 
malcule. 

An'i-mal-i§m,  n.  Animal 
nature  ;  brutishness  ;  sen- 
suality. 


26 

An'i-mal'i-ty,    n.      Animal 

_  existence  or  nature. 

An'i-mal-ize,  v.  t.  To  give 
animal  life  to. 

An'i-mate,  v.  t.  To  give  life 
to  ;  to  quicken  ;  to  enliven. 

An'i-mate,  a.  Possessing 
animal  life.  [or  spirit. 

An'i-mat'ed,  a.     Full  of  life 

An'i-ma'tion,**.  Quality  of 
being  animated ;  life  ;  spir- 
it ;  vigor.  [gives  life. 

An'i-ma/tor,  n.      One    who 

An'i-mds'i-ty,  ».  Extreme 
hatred ;  malevolence ;  malig- 

_  nit}'- 

An'ise,  n.  An  aromatic  plant. 

An'kle  (unk'l),  n.  The  joint 
between  the  foot  and  the 
leg.  [annals. 

An'nal-ist,  n.     A  writer  of 

An'nals,  n.  pi.  A  chronolog- 
ical hfstory  ;  chronicles. 

An'nats,  n.  pi.  First  fruits 
or  profits  of  a  spiritual  pre- 
ferment. 

An-neal',  v.  t,  To  temper,  as 
glass  or  metals,  by  first 
heating  and  then  cooling. 

An-nex',  v.  t.  To  join  at  the 
end  ;  to  subjoin  ;  to  add. 

An'nex-a'tion,  n.  Conjunc- 
tion ;  addition ;  union. 

An-nl'hi-late,  v.  t.  To  re- 
duce to  nothing ;  to  destroy 
the  specific  form  of  a  thing. 

An-nPhi-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
annihilating,  or  reducing  to 
nothing. 

An/ni-ver'sa-ry,^.  Return- 
ing with  the  year ;  annual  ; 
yearly.  —  v..  A  day  cele- 
brated as  it  returns  each 
year.      [comments  or  notes. 

An'no-tate,  v.  ?'.     To  make 

An/no-ta'tion,  n.  An  ex- 
planatory note. 

An'no-ta/tor,  n.  A  writer  of 
notes  :  a  commentator. 

An-n6t'to,  n.  A  kind  of  red- 
dish dyeing  material. 

An-nounQe',  i>.  /.  To  give 
notice  of;  to  proclaim  ;  to 
publish. 

An-nounge'ment,  n.  A  dec- 
laration or  advertisement  ; 
publication. 

An-noy',   v.    t.    To   incom- 


ANSWER 

mode  ;  to  vex ;  to  molest ;  to 
pester.  [annoys. 

An-noy'anQe,  n.  That  which 

An'nu-al  (an'u-al),  a.  Com- 
ing yearly.  —  n.  A  plant 
whose  root  dies  yearly  ;  a 
yearly  publication.       [year. 

An'nu-al-ly,  adv.    Year   by 

An-nu'i-tant,  n.  A  person 
who  has  an  annuity. 

An-nu'i-ty,  n.  A  yearly  al- 
lowance of  money. 

An-nul'(T),  v.  t.  To  make 
void  ;  to  abrogate  ;  to  abol- 
ish ;  to  nullify. 

An'nu-lar       I    (an'u-),     a. 

An'nu-la-ry  J  Having  the 
form  of  a  ring  :  round. 

An'nu-let,  n.     A  little  rinr. 

An-nul'ment,  n.  Act  of  an- 
nulling. 

An'nu-lose',  a.  Furnished 
with,  or  composed  of,  rings. 

An-nun'ci-ate  (-shl'at),  v.  t. 
To  announce. 

An-rmn/ci-a'tion  (-shi-a'- 
shun),  n.  Act  of  announ- 
cing ;  thing  announced. 

An'o-dyne,  n.  Medicine  to 
assuage  pain.  —  a.  Mitigat- 
ing pain. 

A-noimV,  v.  I.  To  rub,  as 
with  oil ;  to  consecrate  by 
the  vise  of  oil. 

A-noint'ed,  n.    The  Messiah. 

A-noint'ment,  n.  Act  of 
anointing. 

A-nom'a-lism,  n.  A  devia- 
tion from  rule  ;  anomaly. 

A-ndm/a-lis'tve,  a.  Irregular. 

A-n6m'a-lous,  a.  Deviating 
from  rule  or  analogy  ;  irreg- 
ularity. 

A-n6m'a-ly,  n.  That  which 
deviates  from  rule  ;  irregu- 
lar. 

A-n6n',  adv.  Soon  ;  quickly. 

A-n6n'y-mous,  a.  Wanting 
a  name  ;  nameless. 

An-6th'er,  a.  Some  other  ; 
one  more  ;  any  other. 

An'ser-Ine,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  resembling,  a  goose. 

An'swer  (an'ser),  v.  t.  To 
speak  in  reply  to  ;  to  refute  ; 
to  face  ;  to  suit ;  to  atone 
for.  —  v.i.  To  reply  ;  to  ac- 
count;  to  suit. — n.    A  re- 


fine, I,  o,  u,  y,  long;  5, 6,  i,  o,  Q,  y,  short ;  care,  car, ask, all,  what ;  Gre,  veil,  term ;  pique, firm; 


ANSWERABLE 

ply  ;  something  done  incon- 
sequence of  something  else ; 
a  solution. 

An'swer-a-ble  (an'ser-a-bl), 
a.  Capable  of  being  an- 
swered ;  liable  to  answer  ; 
accountable ;  suitable. 

An'swer-er     (an'ser-cr),    n. 
.  One  who  answers,    [pismire. 

Ant,  n.     A   small   insect  ;    a 

An-tag'o-nism,  re.  Opposi- 
tion of  action  ;  contest. 

An-tag'o-nist,  re.  An  oppo- 
nent ;  a  competitor  ;  a  con- 
tender.—  a.  Counteracting; 
opposiHgT"^-  ,     t«ng. 

An-tag'o-mst'i-e,_a.    Oppos- 

An-tag'o-nlze,  v.  i.  To  act  in 
opposition  ;  to  strive  against. 

An-tal'gi€,  a.  Alleviating 
pain.  —  n.  Medicine  to  re- 
lieve pain. 

Ant-ar€'ti€,  a.  Opposite  to 
the  arctic  zone  :  relating  to 
the  southern  polar  region. 

Ant'ar-thrlt'ic,  a.  Counter- 
acting the  gout. 

An'te,  in  compound  words, 
signifies  before. 

Ant'-eat'er,  n.  A  tropical 
animal  that  lives  on  ants. 

An'te-cjed'enQe,  n.  Act  of 
preceding  in  time 

An'te-Qed'ent,  n.  That  which 
goes  before.  —  «.  Going  he- 
fore  in  time.  —  Syn.  Prior  ; 
preceding  ;  previous  ;  an- 
terior ;  foregoing. 

An'te-ges'sor,.  n.  One  who 
goes  before  :  predecessor. 

An'te-cham'ber,  «.  A  room 
leading  iuto  the  chief  apart- 
ment. 

An'tc-date.  v.  t.  To  da^te  be- 
fore the  true  time  ;  to  antici- 
pate. — -.  n.  A  prior  date  ; 
anticipation. 

An'te^di-lvi'vi-al ,   )  a.  Being 

AiVte-dMu'vi-an,  I  before' 
the  flood  in  Noah's  days. 

An'te-dl-lu'vi-an,    n.      One 
who    lived    be- 
fore the  Hood. 

An'te-lope,  n.  A 
genus    of   ani- 
mals,   between 
the    goat    and     Antelope, 
the  deer. 


27 

An'te-me-rid'i-an,  a.  Being 
before  noon. 

An'te-mun'dane,  a.  Being 
before  the  creation. 

An-t&n'na,  n,  (pi.  An-tSn'- 
nse. )  One  of  the  feelers  of  an 
insect. 

An'te-nup'tial  (-nfip'shal). 
a.     Being  before  marriage. 

An'te-pas'€hal,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  time  before  East- 
er, [ticipation. 

An'te-past,  n.  Foretaste  ;  an- 

An'te-pe-nult',  n.  The  last 
syllable  of  a  word  but  two. 

An'te-pe-nult'i-mate,  a.  Re- 
lating  to  the  last  syllable 
but  two. 

An-te'ri-or,  a.  Before  in 
time  or  place  ;  previous. 

An-te'ri-6r'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  anterior,  or  before  in 
time  or  place. 

An'te-rdbm,  n.  A  room  lead- 
ing to  the  principal  apart- 
ment. 

An 'them,  n.  Church  music 
adapted  to  passages  from  the 
Scriptures. 

An'ther,  n.  Tip  of  the  sta- 
men, containing  the  pollen. 

An'tho-log'i-e-al,  a.  Per- 
taining to  anthology. 

An-th61'o-gy,  n.  A  collec- 
tion of  flower*  or  of  poems. 

An'tho-ny's-fire  (an'to-),  n. 
The  erysipelas. 

An'thra-clte,  n.  A  hard 
kind  of  mineral  coal. 

An'thra-cjit'i-e,  a.  Pertaining 
to  anthracite. 

An'thro-pol'o-gy,  n.  Nat- 
ural history  of  man  :  science 
of  man  considered  in  his  en- 
tire nature. 

An'thro-po-mor'phism,  re. 
Representation  of  God  under 
a  human  form. 

An'thro-poph'a-gy,  n.  The 
feeding  on  human  flesh  ; 
cannibalism. 

An'tl.  A  Greek  preposition 
signifying  against,  opposite, 
contrary,  or  in  place  of;  — 
used  in  composition. 

An'ti€.  a.  Odd  ;  fanciful  ; 
fantastic.  —  n.  A  buffoon, 
or  merry-andrew. 


ANTIPODAL 

An'ti-€hrist,  re.  A  great  ad- 
versary of  Christ. 

An'ti-ehns'tian  (-krist'yan), 
a.     Opposing  Christianity. 

An-tig'i-pate.  v.  t.  To  take 
or  do  before  ;  to  foretaste. 

An-tlc/i-pa'tion,  n.  Act  of 
anticipating ;  foretaste. 

An-tic/i-pa'tor,  n.  One  who 
anticipates. 

An'tl-Cll'max,  n.  A  sentence 
in  which  the  ideas  become 
less  striking  at  the  close. 

An'ti-do'tal,      1  a.      Effica- 

An'tl-do'ta-ry,  (  cious 

against  poison  [poison. 

An'ti-dote,  n.    A  remedy  for 

An'ti-feb'rile  (or  -le'brii),  a. 
<Jood  against  fever. 

An'ti-ma'son  (-sn),  re.  One 
opposed  to  freemasonry. 

An'ti-mo-nar€h'i€-al,a.  Op- 
posed to  monarchy. 

An'tl-mo'ni-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  composed  of,  antimo- 
ny.—  n.  A  preparation  of 
antimony. 

An'tl-mo-ny,  n.  A  brittle 
white  metal,  and  an  ore  of 
the  same. 

An'ti-no'mi-an,  n.  One  who 
holds  good  works  to  be  not 
necessary  to  salvation.  —  a. 
Pertaining  to  the  Antino- 
mians. 

An'tl-no'mi-an-Tsm,  n.  Ten- 
ets of  the  Antinoniians. 

An'ti-no-my,  or  An-tm'o- 
my,  n.  Contradiction  be- 
tween two  laws,    [the  Pope. 

An'ti-pa/pal.    a.      Opposing 

An'ti-par'a-lyt'i-e,  a.  Good 
against  paralysis. 

An'ti-pa-thet'ie,  a.  Havinir 
antipathy.  [ditlike. 

An-tip'a  thy,  n.  Aversion  or 

An-tiph'o-nal,  n.  Book  of 
antiphons. —  a.  Belatingto, 
or  consisting  of,  alternate 
singing. 

An'ti-phon,      1  n.    Alternate 

An-tiph'o-ny,  J  or  respon- 
sive singing. 

An-tiph'ra-sis,  n.  Use  of 
words  in  a  sense  opposite  to 
the  true  one. 

An-tip'o-dal,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  antipodes. 


eon,  or,  do,  wolf,  to~b,  tdbk;  Qrn,  rue,  pull;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  Aard/'aj  ;  e^ist;  q  as  ng;  this. 


ANTIPODE 

An'ti-pode,  n.  (pi.  An-tfp'o- 
de§.)  One  living  on  the  op- 
posite side  of  the  globe. 

An'ti-qua'ri-an,  «.  Relating 
to  antiquity.  —  n.  Anti- 
quary, [in  antiquities. 

An'ti-qua-ry,  n.   One  versed 

An'ti-quat'ed,/>.  a.  Grown 
old :  obsolete. 

An-tique',a.  Ancient;  old. — 
n.  A  remnant  of  antiquity. 

An-tiq'ui-ty.  n.  Old  times  ; 
a  relic,  of  old  times. 

An'tl-seor-bu'tie,      I     a. 

An'ti-seor-bu'tie-al, J  Good 
against  the  scurvy. 

An/ti-s€ript'ur-al,  a.  Not 
according  to  the  Scriptures. 

An/tl-sep'ti€,  a.  Counteract- 
ing putrefaction. 

An'ti-slav'er-y,  n.  Opposi- 
tion to  slavery. 

An-tith'e-sis,  n.  (pi.  An- 
tlth'e-se§  )  Opposition  of 
words  or  sentiments. 

An'ti-thet'ie,       I   a.       Per- 

An'ti-thSt'ie-al,  )  taining 
to,  orcontaining,  antithesis. 

An'ti-type,  n.  That  which 
is  prefigured  by  the  typo. 

An'ti-typ'i-e-al,  a.  Relating 
to  an  antitype.  [horn. 

Ant'ler,  n.  Branch  of  a  stag's 

An/vil,  n.  An  iron  block  for 
hammering  metals  on. 

Anx-I'e-t/  (ang-zT/c-ty),  n. 
Trouble  of  mind  ;  soHcitude ; 
concern ;  disquietude. 

Aix'ious  (arjk'shus),  a. 
Greatly  solicitous. 

Anx'ious-ly  (Xijk'shus-), 
adv.    With  solicitude. 

A'ny  (en'y),  a.  One,  indefin- 
itely ;  every  ;  whoever. 

A-dr'ta,  n.   The  great  artery. 

A-pa<;e',a^L\  Quickly;  hasti- 
ly ;  fast ;  with  speed. 

A-part',  adv.  Separately  ; 
aside  ;  asunder  ;  to  pieces. 

A-part'ment,  n 

Ap'a-thet'ie,  a. 

Ap'a- thy ,  r 
Want  of  feeling; 

_  insensibility. 

Ape,  n.  A  kind 
of  tailless  monk- 
ey ;  a  mimic  or 
imitator.  —  v.t.       APC- 


28 

To  imitate  as  an  ape ;  to 
mimic. 

A-pe'ri-ent,  a.  Gently  purga- 
tive ;  laxative.  —  n.  A  lax- 
ative, [a  hole. 

Ap'er-ture,  n.   _An  opening  ; 

A'pex,  n.  (pi.  A'pex-e§,  or 
Ap'i-Qe§.)  The  tip,  point, 
or  summit  of  a  thing  ;  top. 

A-phel'ion_  (a-fel'yun),  n. 
(pi.  A-phe'li-a.)  The  point 
of  a  planet's  orbit  most  dis- 
tant from  the  sun. 

Aph'o-rlgm,  n.  A  precept 
or  principle  expressed  in  a 
few  words.  —  Syn.  Axiom  ; 
maxim  ;  adage  ;  apothegm. 

Aph'o-rist'ie,        I  a.  Having 

Aph/o-rIst'i€-al,  j     the  form 

_  of  an  aphorism. 

A'pi-a-ry,  n.  A  place  for  bees. 

A-pie<je',  adv.    To  each  one's 

_  share  ;  each  by  itself. 

Ap'ish,  a.     Like  an  ape. 

A-p6e'a-lypsc,  n.  The  book 
of  Revelation. 

A-pde'a-lyp'tic,       }  a.    Re- 

A-poe'a-lyp'tle-al, J  lating 
to  the  Apocalypse  ;  contain- 
ing revelation  ;  mysterious. 

A-p6€'o-pe,  n.  Omission  of 
the  last  letter  or  syllable 
of  a  word. 

A-p6€'ry-pha,  n.  Books  of 
doubtful  authenticity,  ap- 
pended to  the  Old  Testament. 

A-p6e'ry-phal,  a.  Not  au- 
thentic ;  doubtful. 

Ap'o-gee,  n.  The  point  in 
the  moon's  orbit  most  dis- 
tant from  the  earth. 

A-pSPo-gSt'ie,       1  a.      Said 

A-pSl'o-gSt'ie-al,  J  byway 
of  defense  or  excuse. 

A-p61'o-g:st,  n.  One  who 
makes  an  apology,    [excuse. 

A-p61'o-gTze,  v.  i.    To  make 

Ap'o-16gue  { -Rig),  n.  A  moral 
fable.  [an  excuse. 

A-pdl'o-gy,  n.      A   defense  ; 

Ap'oph-thSgm  (ap'o-thehn). 
See  Apothegm.       [apoplexy. 

Ap'o-plee'tic,  a.  Relating  to 

Ap'o-plex'y,  n.  A  disease 
characterized  by  sudden  loss 
of  sense  sod  motion. 

A-pds'ta-sy,  n.  A  departure 
from  professed  principles. 


APPEAL 

A-pfls'tate,  n.  One  who  for- 
sakes his  principles  or  relig- 
ion.—  a.  Falling  from  faith. 

A-p6s'ta-tize,  v.  t.  To  aban- 
don one*s  faith  or  party. 

A-p6s'tle  (a-pos'sl),  n.  A 
messenger  sent  on  important 
busiuess  ;  one  of  the  12  dis- 
ciples sent  forth  by  Christ  to 
preach  the  gospel. 

Ap'os-tSl'ie,       I  a.  Relating 

Ap'os-tSl'i-e-al,  )  to  an  apos- 
tle ;  taught  by  the  apostles. 

A-pds'tro-phe,  n.  A  turning 
from  real  auditors  to  an  im- 
agined one  ;  contraction  of  a 
word,  or  the  mark  [  '  ]  used 
to  denote  such  contraction. 

A-p6s'tro-phize,  v.  t.  To 
address. 

A-poth/e-ca-ry,  n.  A  com- 
pounder of  medicines. 

Ap'o-thegm      I  (ap'o- 

Ap'oph-tli6gm  (  thCm),  n. 
A  remarkable  saying  ;  a 
maxim  ;  aphorism. 

Ap'o-the'o-sis,  n.  Act  of 
placing  among  the  gods ; 
deification.  [deify. 

Ap'o-the'o-slze,   v.    t.      To 

Ap-pall',  v.  t.    To  smite  with 

terror.  —  SYN.    To  dismay  ; 

^  daunt ;  terrify;  intimidate. 

Ap'pa-nage,  «.  Portion  of 
land  assigned  by  a  prince 
to  support  a  younger  son. 

Ap'pa-ra'tus.  n.  (pi.  Ap'pa- 
ra'tus  or  Ap'pa-ra'tus-es. ) 
Collection  of  implements  or 
organs;  furniture;  utensils. 

Ap-par'el,  n.  Clothing  ; 
dress  ;  equipment.  —  v.  t. 
To  dress  ;  to  clothe. 

Ap-par'ent,  a.  Visible  to  the 
eye;  seeming. — Syn.  Ob- 
vious ;  clear ;  evident. 

Ap-par'ent-ly,  adv.  Plainly ; 
clearly  ;  in  appearance. 

Ap'pa-ri'tion  (-rlsh'un),  n. 
Appearance;  thing  appear- 
ing ;  ghost ;  specter. 

Ap-par'i-tor,  n.  A  messen- 
ger of  a  spiritual  court. 

Ap-peal',  n.  Removal  of  a 
cause  to  a  higher  court ;  ref- 
erence to  another  as  wit- 
ness ;  recourse.  —  v.  t.  To 
remove  to  a  higher  court.  — 


a,  e,  T,  o,  u,  y,  long  ;  a,  6,  !,  6,  Q,  y,  short ;  cure,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere  j  veil,  term  ;  p'.'que,  firm 


APPEAR 

v.  »'.  To  remove  a  cause  to 
a  higher  tribunal ;  to  refer 
to  another  for  decision. 

Ap-pear',  v.  i.  To  be  or  be- 
come visible  ;  to  seem. 

Ap-pear'ange,  n.  A  coming 
in  sight ;  things  seen  ;  sem- 
blance ;  mien  j  a  coming  into 
court.  -   [pacify. 

Ap-pease',  v.  t.  To  quiet ;  to 

Ap-pei'lant,  n.  One  who 
appeals.  [appeals. 

Ap-pSl'late,   a.    Relating  to 

Ap'pel-la'tion,  n.  A  name 
by  which  aTthing  is  called. 

Ap-pel'la-tive,  a.  Relating  to 
a  common  or  general  name. 
—  n.  A  common,  as  distin- 
guished from  a  proper, name. 

Ap'pel-lee',  n.  The  defendant 
in  an  appeal. 

Ap'pel-lor',  n.  One  who  pros- 
ecutes r.notber  for  a  crime. 

Ap-pend',  v.  t.  To  hang  or 
attach  to;  to  add;  to  annex. 

Ap-pend'age,  n.  An  addi- 
tion ;  adjunct ;  concomitant. 

Ap-psnd'ant,  a.  Hanging 
to ;  annexed ;  appended  by 
prescription.  —  ft.  Some- 
thing incidental  or  subordi- 
nate belonging  to  a  thing. 

Ap-p§n'dix,  n.  (pi.  Ap-pSn'- 
dix-e§,  or  Ap-pSn'di-Qes.) 
Something  annexed  ;  litcr- 
ary  matter  added  to  a  book. 

Ap'per-tain',  v.  i.  To  be- 
long ;  to  relate. 

Ap'pe-tenge.    )   n.       Strong 

Ap'pe-ten-gy,  )  natural  do- 
sire.  [of  food  or  drink. 

Ap'pe-tlte,  n.     Desire,  csp. 

Ap'pe-tize,  v.  t.  To  wfret 
tbe  appetite. 

Ap-plaud',  v.  t.  To  praise  by 
clapping  of  hands,  &c. 

Ap-plause',  n.  Approbation 
loudly  expressed ;  public 
praise ;  acclamation. 

Ap'ple,  n.  A  tree  and  its 
fruit ;  pupil  of  the  eye. 

Ap-pli'ange,  n.  Act'of  ap- 
plying ;  thing  applied. 

Ap'pli-ca-bil'i-ty,  v.  Quali- 
ty  of  being  applicable. 

Ap'pli-ca-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  applied.  [plies. 

Ap'pli-eant,  n.  One  who  ap- 


29 

Ap/pli-ca'tion,  n.  Act  of 
applying  ;  entreaty  ;  perse- 
vering industry  ;  assiduity. 

Ap-ply',  v.  t.  To  lay  or  place  ; 
to  put  or  bring  ;  to  devote ; 
to  address.  —  v.  i.  To  suit ; 
to  agree  ;  to  make  request. 

Ap-point/,  v.  t.  To  fix,  es- 
tablish or  ordain  ;  to  desig- 
nate ;  to  direct. 

Ap'point-ee'.  n.  A  person 
appointed.  [appointing. 

Ap-point'ment,   n.    Act  of 

Ap-por'tion,  v.  t.  To  divide 
and  assign  fairly  ;  to  allot. 

Ap-por'tion-ment,  n.  A  di- 
viding into  just  shares  or 

_  proportions. 

Ap'po-slte,  a.  Very  appli- 
cable"; proper;  suitable. 

Ap'po-si'tion  (-zTsh'un),  n. 
State  "of  fcwo  nouns  put  in 
the  same  case  without  a  con- 
necting word. 

Ap-prais'al,  n.  Valuation  by 
authority  ;  appraisement. 

Ap-praise',  v.  t.  To  set  a 
priceoii.  [appraising. 

Ap-praise'ment,  n.     Act  of 

Ap-prai§'er,  n.  A  person  ap- 
pointed to  appraise. 

Ap-pre'cia-ble  (-prG'shl-),  a. 
Capable  of  being  estimated. 

Ap-pre'ci-ate(-shi-),  v.  t.  To 
value  ;  to  raise  the  value  of. 
— v.  i.   To  rise  in  value. 

Ap-pre'ci-a'tion  (-shl-a'- 
shun),  n.  Act  of  appreciat- 
ing  ;  a  just  estimate. 

Ap'pre-hend',  v.  t.  To  seize ; 
to  conceive  by  the  mind ;  to 
fear. 

Ap'pre-hen'si-ble,  a.  Ca- 
pable  of  being  apprehended. 

Ap'pre-hen'sion,  n.  Act  of 
apprehending ;     conception 

^  of  ideas  ;  fear  ;  distrust. 

Ap'pre-h&n'sfve,  a.  Quick 
to  apprehend ;  fearful. 

Ap-pr£n'ti<je,  n.  One  bound 
by  indentures  to  learn  a 
trade  or  art.  — v.  t.  To  bind 
as  an  apprentice. 

Ap-prSn'tige-ship,  a.  The 
time  an  apprentice  serves. 

Ap-prlse',  v.  t.    To  inform. 

Ap-prize',  f.  t.  See  Appraise. 

Ap-proach',  v.   t.    To  draw 


AQUILINE 

near  to  ;  to  approximate.  — . 
V.  i.  To  draw  near.  —  n. 
Act  of  drawing  near;  ac- 
cess ;  advance  ;  admittance. 

Ap-proach'a-ble,a.  Capable 
of  being_ approached. 

Ap'pro-ba'tion,  n.  Act  of 
approving  ;  liking ;  support. 

Ap'pro-ba/tivc,    (a.        Ap- 

Ap'pro-ba/to-ry,  j     proving. 

Ap-pro'pri-ate,  v.  t.  To  set 
apart ;  tc  assign. 

Ap-pro'pri-ate,  a.  Belong- 
ing peculiarly.  —  SYN.  Fit ; 
adapted  ;  suitable. 

Ap-pro'pri-ate-ly,  adv.  Fit- 
ly; properly,  [culiar  fitness. 

Ap-pr5'pri-ate-ness,  n.    Pe- 

Ap-pro'pri-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
appropriating ;  any  thing  set 
apart. 

Ap-prpv'al,  n.   Approbation. 

Ap-prcve',  'v.  t.  To  like  er 
allow  of;  to  commend. 

Ap-pr6x'i-mate,  v.  To  bring 
or  draw  near.  [nigh. 

Ap-prox'i-mate,  a.     Near ; 

Ap-prfix'i-ma'tion,  n.  Ap- 
proach, [proaching. 

Ap-prSx'i-ma/tive,   a.    Ap- 

Ap'pulse,  or  Ap-pulse',  n. 
Act  of  striking  against. 

Ap-pur'te-nance,  n.  That 
which  belongs  to  something 
else.  [ing  by  right. 

Ap-pur'te-nant,  a.    Belong- 

A'pri-eot,  n.  A  kind  of  plum, 
very  delicious.         [the  year. 

A'pril,  n.     Fourth  month  of 

A'pron  (a'purn  or  a'prun),  n. 
A  part  of  dress  worn  in 
front.  [the  way. 

Ap'ro-pos'   (-po7),  adv.    By 

Apt,  a.  Fit ;  suitable  ;  liable  ; 
ready  ;  qualified.       [wings. 

Ap'ter-ous,      a.        Without 

Apt'i-tude,  n.  Fitness;  ad- 
aptation ;  tendency. 

Apt'ly,  adv.    Properly  ;  fitly. 

Apt'ness,  n.     Fitness  ;  readi- 

_  ness ;  tendency. 

A'qua-for'tis,  n.   Nitric  acid. 

A-quat'ic,  a.  Living  in  water. 

Aq'ue-du-ct  (ak'we-dtikt),  n. 
An    artificial     channel    for 

_  conveying  water  ;  conduit. 

A'que-ous,  a.    "Watery. 

Aq'ui-line  (ak'wT-lTn  or  -lln), 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk  ;  Qrn,  rije,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  «,  g,  hard ;  as  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng  ;  this. 


ARAB 


30 


ARMORER 


a.  Like  an  eagle  or  its  beak  ; 
hooked. 

r'ab,  n.  A  native  of  Arabia, 
r'a-besque  (-besk),ffl.  Per- 
taining to  Arabian  archi- 
tecture. 

a.       Pertaining 
to  Arabia. 

The  language  of 


A-ra'bi-an, 
Ar'a-bie, 
Ar'u,-bi«,  n. 
Arabians. 
Ar'a-ble,  a. 


Fit  for  plowing. 

Ar'bi-ter,  n.     An  umpire  ;  a 

.Judge.  [determinable. 

Ar'bi-tra-ble,  a.    Arbitrary  ; 

Ar-bit'ra-ment,    n.      Will  ; 

,,  determination ;  award. 

Ar'bi-tra-ry,  a.  Dictated  by 
will  ;  bound  by  no  law  ; 
despotic. —  Syn.  Tyranni- 
cal: imperious;  absolute. 

Ar'bi-trate,  v.  i.  or  t.  To 
hear  and  judge  as  an  arbi- 

..  trator ;  to  determine. 

Ar'bi-tra'tion,  n.    A  hearing 

..and  decision  by  arbitrators. 

Ar'bi-tra/tor,n.  An  umpire; 

..arbiter. 

Ar'bor,  n.    A  shady  bower. 

Ar'bo-res'Qent,  a.    Growing 

..  like  a  tree.  ~    fa  tree. 

Ar'bo-rous,  a.    Pertaining  to 

Arc,  n.    A  seg-       

ment  or  part  of 

a  circle.  Arc- 

Ar-eade',  n.  A  series  of 
arches  and  columns  ;  a  long 
arched  building  or  gallery. 

Ar-ea'num,  n.  (pi.  Ar-ea'- 

..na.)    A  secret. 

Arch,  a.  Chief;  principal ; 
waggish;  sly. — n.  A  curved 
or  vaulted  structure.  —  v.  t. 
To  form  into  an  arch. — v. 

..  i.    To  form  an  arch. 

Ar'-ehae-Sl'o-gy,  n.  The  sci- 
ence of  antiquities. 

Ar-eha'i€,  a.    Ancient;  an- 

..tiquated;   obsolete. 

Ar'-eha-ism,  n.    An  obsolete 

..word,  expression,  or  style. 

Arch-an'gel  (ark-),  n.  A 
chief  angel.  [bishop. 

Arch-bish'op,    n.     A    chief 

Arch-bish'op-ri€,  n.  Juris- 
diction or  office  of  an  arch- 
bishop, [deputy. 

Arch-dea'€on,  n.  A  bishop's 

Arch-duch'ess,  n.    A  grand 


duchess  of  the  house  of 
..Austria. 

Arch-duke',  n.  A  grand  duke 
..  of  the  house  of  Austria. 
Arched  (archt),  a.  In  form 
..of  an  arch.  [with a  bow. 
Arch'er,  n.  One  who  shoots 
Arch'er-y,  n.  Art  of  shooting 
..with  a  bow. 

Arch'e-typ'al,  a.    Belonging 
..  to  an  archetype  ;  original. 
Arch'e-type,  n.  An  original ; 

a  pattern  ;  a  model,  [fiends. 
Arch'fiend,  n.  Chief  of  the 
Ar'chi-pel'a-go,   n.      A  sea 

with  many  small  islands  in 
..  it.  [the  art  of  building 

Ar'ehi-te-et,  it.  One  skilled  in 
Ar'-ehi-te-et'ur-al,    a.      Per- 
..  taining  to  architecture. 
Ar'«hi-t6€t/ure,  «.     The  art 
..or  science  of  building. 
Ar'chi-trave,  n.     That  part 

of  the  entablature  resting 
..immediately  on  the  column. 
Ar'-ehlve§,  n.  pi.  Records,  or 
..a  place  where  they  are  kept. 
Arch'ness,  n.  Sly  humor. 
Arch'way,  n.  A  passage  un- 
..der  an  arch. 

Ar-e'tHJ,  a.     Lying  far  north. 
Ar'dent,  a.       Hot;    fervid; 
..  vehement ;  zealous. 
Ar'dor,  n.     Heat ;   warmth  ; 
..affection ;  zeal. 
Ard'u-ous,  a.     High  ;  lofty  ; 
_  hard  to  climb  ;  laborious. 
A're-a(18),  n.  Inclosed  space ; 

superficial  contents. 
A-re'na,   n.    An  open  space 

for  combats ;  any  place  of 
..public  exertion. 
Ar'gal,  n.     Crude  tartar. 
Ar'gent,  a.     Silvery. 
Ar'gent-Ine,  a.     Relating  to, 

or  resembling,  silver. 
Ar'gil-la'ceous,    a.    Of  the 
..nature  of  clay  ;  clayey. 
Ar'go-§y,    n.    A   large   ship 
..for  merchandise  or  for  war. 
Ar'gue,  v.  i.  or  t.    To  debate 
..  or  discuss  ;  to  persuade. 
Ar'gu-ment,  n.    Reason  al- 
..  leged  to  induce  belief;  plea. 
Ar'gu-men-ta'tion,  n.    Act 
..  or  process  of  reasoning. 
Ar'gu-ment'a-tive,  a.    Con- 
sisting of  argument^ 


jtt.icii-u.ucu' ess,  n.     a  grauu         sisuug  01  argument.  jttjt'iiiu-rcr,      vi.         urn 

i,  8,1, 3,  u,$,long;  a,e,  T,t>,u,  y,  short;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pYque, 


A'ri-an,  n.     One  who  denies 

_  the  deity  of  Christ. 

A'ri-an-ism,  n.  The  doc- 
trines of  Arius,  who  denied 
the  deity  of  Christ. 

Ar'id,  a.    Dry  ;  parched. 

A-rid'i-ty,  n.  Dryness;  ab- 
sence of  moisture. 

A-rlghV  (-riV).  adv.  Rightly. 

A-ri§e',  v.  t*.  [imp.  arose  ; 
p.p.  ARISEN.]  To  rise;  to 
mount ;  to  ascend. 

Ar'is-toc'ra-gy,  n.  Govern- 
ment by  nobles  ;  nobility. 

A-ris'to-crat,  or  Ar'is-to- 
■erat,  n.  One  who  favors 
aristocracy. 

Ar'is-to-crat'ic,      )  a.    Re- 

Ar'is-to-crat'i-e-al, )  lating 
to  aristocracy.      [numbers. 

A-rith'me-ti-c,  n.    Science  of 

Ar'ith-met'ic-al,  a.  Relat- 
ing to  arithmetic. 

A-rith'me-ti'cian,    n.     One 

..skilled  in  arithmetic. 

Ark,  n.  A  the^gr^feffer ;  a 
^\.  large  vessel  oi^H^S 

Arm,  n.  Limb  frnnp  shoul- 
der to  the  wrisr^Poranch ; 
inlet  of  water.  —  v.  t.  To 
furnish  with  arms.  —  v.  i. 
To  take  arms. 

Ar-ma'da   (18),  n.    A  large 

..  fleet  of  armed  ships. 

Ar'ma-ment,    n.      A    force 

..  equipped  for  war. 

Ar'ma-ture,  n.  Armor;  a 
piece  of  iron  to  connect  the 
poles  of  a  magnet. 

Arm/ful  (26),  «.   As  much  as 

..the arms  can  hold. 

Ar'mil-la-ry,  a.  Resembling 
a  bracelet ;  consisting  of 
rings. 

Ar-min'ian  (-yan),  n.  One 
who  denies  predestination, 
and  holds  to  universal  re- 
demption. 

Ar-min'ian-i§m,  n.  Tenets 
of  Arminians.  [in  arms. 

Ar-mip'o-tent,  a.     Powerful 

Ar'mis-tige,  n.  A  cessation 
from  arms  ;  truce. 

Arm'let,  n.  A  little  arm; 
ornament  for  the  arm. 

Arm'or    (33),    n.     Defensive 

..arms  or  covering. 

Ar'mo-rer,     n.       One    who 


firm; 


ARMORIAL 


31 


ASIDE 


makes,  sells,  or  has  the  care 
of,  arms.  [armor. 

Ar-m5'ri-al,  «•    Belonging  to 

Ar'mo-ry,  n.     A   repository 

..  for  arms.  [shoulder. 

Arm/pit,  n.  Cavity  under  the 

Arms,  n.  pi.     Weapons;    en- 

..  signs  armorial. 

Ar'my,  n.  A  large  body  of 
armed  men  ;  great  number. 

A-ro'ma,  n.  The  fragrant 
principle  of  plants. 

Ar'o-mat'i€,  a.    Spicy. 

Ar'o-mat'ies,  n.  pi.  Fragrant 
spices  or  perfumes. 

A-ro§e',  imp.  of  Arise. 

A -round',  prep.  On  all  sides 
of;  about ;  from  one  part  to 
anotherof. — adv.  Oa  every 
side ;  here  and  there. 

A-rouse',  v.  t.  To  excite  to 
action  ;  to  awaken  suddenly  ; 
to  animate.  [hand-gun. 

Ar'que-buse,   n.    A  sort  of 

Ar'rack,  n.  A  spirit  obtained 
from  the  cocoanut,  rice,  or 
sugar-cane. 

Ar-raign'  (ar-ran'),  t».  t.  To 
call  to  answer  in  court ;  to 
call  in  question  ;  to  accuse. 

Ar-raign'ment  (ar-run'-),  n. 
Act  of  arraigning. 

Ar-range',  v.  t.  To  set  in 
order ;  to  adjust ;  to  prepare. 

Ar-range'ment,    n.    Act  of 

_  arranging ;  adjustment. 

Ar'rant,  a.  Notoriously  bad  ; 

__  infamous.  [hangings. 

Ar'ras,  n.  Tapestry  ;  figured 

Ar-ray',  n.  Order  of  battle  ; 
dress  ;  raiment.  —  v.  t.  To 
put  in  order  ;  to  dress.  — 
Syn.    To  dispose  ;  arrange. 

Ar-rear'age  (8),  n.  The  part 
of  a  debt  unpaid. 

Ar- rears',  n.  pi.  That  which 
remains  unpaid. 

Ar-rest',  v.  t.  To  seize  by 
authority  of  law  ;  to  detain ; 
to  obstruct. — n.  A  seizure 
by  legal  authority ;  a  stay- 
ing or  stopping  after  ver- 
dict, as  of  a  judgment. 

Ar-rlv'al  (11),  n.  Act  of  arriv- 
ing or  coming  ;  person  or 
thing  arriving.  [reach. 

Ar-rive',  v.  i.    To  come  ;   to 

Ar'ro-ganc,e,n.  Insolence  of 


bearing  ;  proud  contempt  of 
others  ;  haughtiness. 

Ar'ro-gant,  a.  Haughty  ; 
proud ;  insolent. 

Ar'ro-gate,  t>.  t.  To  claim 
unjustly  ;  to  assume,    [bow. 

Ar'row,  n.     A  weapon  for  a 

Ar'row-rdbt,  n.  A  plant  and 
a  nutritive  starch  from  it. 

Ar'se-nal,  n.    A  magazine  of 

.arms  and  military  stores. 

Ar'se-n:-c,  n.  A  poisonous 
metal  and  a  white  oxide  of  it. 

Af-sen'i-e-al,  a.      Pertaining 

v  to,  or  containing,  arsenic. 

Ar'son,    n.      The    malicious 

..  burning  of  a  house. 

Art,  2d  person  of  To  be.  —  n. 
Acquired  skill  ;  dexterity ; 
system  of  rules  ;  cunning  ; 
artifice. 

Ar-te'ri-al,  a.  Belonging  to 
an  artery. 

Ar-te'ri-al-Ize,  v.  t.  To  com- 
municate  the   qualities    of 

,,  arterial  blood  to. 

Ar'te-ry,  n.  A  vessel  con- 
veying blood  from  the  heart. 

Art'ful  (17),  a.  Skillful ;  cun- 
ning ;  sly  ;  crafty. 

Ar-thrit' i€,  a.    Pertaining  to 

.  the  joints  or  to  the  gout. 

Ar'ti-choke,   n.      A    garden 

..  vegetable. 

Ar'ti~ele,  n.  A  particular 
item,  condition,  part,  or 
thing;  a  certain  part  of 
speech.  — v.  t.  To  bind  by 
articles. 

Ar-ti€'u-late,  a.  Having 
joint*;  distinctly  uttered. 

Ar-ti€'u-late,  v.  To  pro- 
nounce distinctly ;  to  unite 
by  means  of  joints. 

Ar-tie'u-la/tion,  n.  Connec- 
tion by  joints  ;  a  joint ;  dis- 
tinct utterance.    . 

Ar'ti-fige,  n.  Artful  contriv- 
ance ;  device.  —  Syn.  Strat- 
agem ;  fraud  ;  deceit ;  trick. 

Ar-tif'i-ger,  n.  A  skillful 
workman  in  some  art. 

Ar'ti-fl'cial  (iir'ti-ftsh'al),  a. 
Made  by  art ;  not  natural ; 
factitious ;  fictitious. 

Ar-til'ler-ist,  n.  One  skilled 
in  gunnery. 

Ar-tll'ler-y,  n.    Weapons  for 


war  ;  ordnance  ;  troops  who 

..manage  ordnance. 

Ar'ti-§an,  n.     A  mechanic. 

Art'ist,  n.  A  practicer  of  ono 
of  the  fiue  arts.  [art. 

Ar-tist'i€,  a.      Pertaining  to 

Art'less,  a.  Without  art ; 
simple  ;  guileless.  [art. 

Art'less-ness,  «.    Want  of 

As  (az),  adv.  In  like  manner 
to  ;  while  ;  \fi  the  idea,  char- 
acter, or  conditiou  of;  for 
example  ;  thus. 

As'a-fSt'i-da,    I  n.     A  fetil 

As'a-fcet'i-da,  J  inspissated 
sap,  used  in  medicine. 

As-bes'tus,  n  A  fibrous  and 
incombustible  mineral. 

As-Qend',  r.  To  move  up- 
ward ;  to  mount ;  to  climb. 

As-gend'ant,  a.  Above  the 
horizon  ;  superior.  —  n.  Su- 
perior influence  ;  height. 

As-Qend'en-Qy,  n.  Control- 
ling influence.  —  SYN.  Au- 
thority ;  prevalence ;  con- 
trol, [ascending. 

As-Q§n'sion,  n.    The  act  of 

As-gent',  n.  Act  of  rising  ; 
_  an  eminence  ;  acclivity. 

As'ger-tain'.  v.  t.  To  make 
certain  ;  to  find  out ;  to  make 
"  confident. 

As'ger-tain'a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  ascertained. 

As-get'i€,  n.  A  devout  re- 
cluse ;  a  hermit.  —  a.  Aus- 
tere; recluse.  [ascetics. 

As-get'i-Qism,  n.  Practice  of 

As-erib'a-Dle  (11),  a.  Capa- 
ble of  being  ascribed. 

As-eribe',  v.  t.  To  attribute  ; 
to  assign  ;  to  impute. 

As -erip'tion,  n.  Act  of  as- 
cribing ;  thing  ascribed. 

Ash,  n.  A  well-known  tree 
and  its  wood.  [shame. 

A-shamed',  a.  Covered  with 

Ash'en,  a.  Made  of  ash- 
wood  ;  resembling  ashes. 

Ash'es,  n.  pi.  Incombustible 
remains  of  what  is  burnt ;  a 
dead  body  that  is  burnt. 

A-shore',  adv.  On  or  to 
shore.  [ashes. 

Ash'y,  o.     Ash-colored  ;  like 

A-sIde',  adv.  On  or  to  ono 
side. 


B6n,  6r,  do,  wolf,  tdb,  tdbk  ;  firn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  «,  g,  hard;  as.  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng;  this. 


t 


ASININE 

As'i-nme,  a.  Pertaining  to  an 
ass  ;  stupid. 

Ask,  v.  t.  or  j.  To  make  re- 
quest ;  to  question  ;  to  beg ; 
to  invite  ;  to  demand. 

A-skange',  I  adv.       Toward 

A-skant',  f  one  corner  of 
the  eye;  side  wise ;  obliquely. 

A-skew'(a-sku'),  adv.  Ob- 
liquely. 

A-sleep',  a.  Jp  a  state  of 
sleep  or  of  death.  —  adv.  Ii 
a  sleeping  state. 

Asp,  n.  A  small 
hooded  and  poison 
ous  serpent  of 
Egypt. 

Aspar'a-gus,  n.   A 

_  garden  plant. 

As'pe-et,  n.    Look ;     AsP- 
countenance ;  appearance. 

Asp'cn,  n    A  kind  of  poplar. 

As-por'i-ty,  n.  Roughness  ; 
harshness ;  moroseness. 

As-perse',  v  t.  To  attack  with 
slander.  —  Syn.  To  calum- 
niate ;  slander  ;  vilify. 

As-per'sion,  n.  A  sprinkling ; 
calumny  ;  slander  ;  censure. 

As-phalt',        \  n.   A  bitumi- 

As-phalt'um,  j  nous  sub- 
stance. 

As-phyx'i-a, )  n.    Suspended 

As-phyx'y,  j  animation  ; 
fainting,  [pires. 

As-pir'ant,  n.     One  who  as- 

As'pi-rate,  n.  A  letter  which 
is  aspirated  ;  a  mark  of  as- 
piration ;  a  whispered  con- 
sonant. —  a.  Pronounced 
with  a  rough  breathing. 

As'pi-rate,  v.  t.  To  pro- 
nounce with  a  breathing. 

As'pi-ra/tion,  n.  Act  of  as- 
pirating ;  ardent  wish. 

As-^Ire',  v.  i.  To  desire  eager- 
ly ;  to  ascend  ;  to  rise. 

As-pir'ing,  «.  Aiming  at 
something  great;  ambitious. 

A-squint',  adv.     Obliquely 

Ass,  n.      A   beast 
of  burden  ;  dolt. 

As-sail',  v.  t.    To 
attack;  to  assault 

As-sail'a-ble,     a. 

Capable  of  being       Ass* 
assailed.  [sail3 

As-sail'ant,  n.    One  who  as 


junqueiy. 


As-sas'sin,  n.  One  who  kills 
by  secret  assault. 

As-sas  'sin-ate ,  v .  t .  To  mur- 
der by  secret  assault. 

As-sas'sin-a'tion,  n.  The  act 
of  assassinating. 

As-sault',  it.  Violent  onset  or 
attack. — v.  t.  To  attack 
with  violence  ;  to  storm. 

As-say',  v.  t.  To  examine 
chemically,  as  metals. — 
v.  i.  To  attempt ;  to  try.  — 
it.  Attempt ;  examination, 
as  of  metals. 

As-sSm'blage,  ft.  A  collec- 
tion of  persons  or  things. 

As-sSm'ble,  v.  To  bring  or 
meet  together. 

As-sSm'bly,  n.  A  company 
assembled ;  a  legislature. 

As-3ent',  •.  i.  To  admit  a 
thing  as  true.  —  n.  The  act 
of  agreeing;  consent. 

As-sSrt',  v.  t.  To  affirm  posi- 
tively ;  to  maintain  ;  to  aver. 

As-ser'tion,  n.  Act  of  as- 
serting; declaration,    fserts. 

As-sert'or,  n.      One  who  as- 

As-sess',  v.  t.  To  tax  ;  to 
value ;  to  determine. 

As-sess'ment,  n.  Act  of  as- 
sessing ;  the  sum  assessed. 

As-sess'or,  n.  One  appointed 
to  apportion  taxes. 

As'sets,n.  pi.  Effects  of  a  de- 
ceased or  insolvent  person. 

As-sev'er-ate,  v.  t.  To  affirm 
solemnly. 

As-sev'er-a'tion,  n.  Solemn 
affirmation. 

As'si-du'i-ty,  n.  Closeness  of 
application  ;  diligence. 

As-sid'u-ous,  a.  Constant  in 
application  ;  diligent ;  busy. 

As-sign'  (sin'),  *.  t.  To  mark 
out ;  to  appropriate ;  to  make 
over.  —  n.    An  assignee. 

As-slgn'a-ble  (-sin/-),  a.  Ca- 
pable of  being  assigned. 

As'sig-na'tion,  n.  Appoint- 
ment for  a  meeting. 

As'sign-ee'  (-sTn-),  n.  One  to 
whom  something  is  assigned. 

As-slgn'er  (-sln/-),  1  n.      One 

As'sign-dr'f-sin-),  j  who  as- 
signs. 

As-slgn'ment  (as-sln'-)i  n. 
Act  of  assigning. 


ASTHMATIC 

As-sim'i-late,  v.  To  make 
or  become  similar. 

As-sim'i-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
assimilating,    [lieve  ;  to  aid. 

As-sist',  v.  t.  To  help  ;  to  rc- 

As-sist'ange,  it.  Help ;  aid ; 
relief;  succor;  support. 

As-sist'ant,  n.  One  who  as- 
sists. —  a.  Helping. 

As-size',  n.  A  court,  or 
session  of  a  court ;  (pi.)  time 
or  place  of  holding  a  court. 

—  v.  i.  To  fix  the  measure, 
rate,  price,  or  weight  of,  by 
authority. 

As-so'gi-atc  (-sht-St).  v.  To 
join  in  company ;  to  unite 
with.  —  a.  Joined  in  in- 
terest ;  united.  —  n.  A  com- 
panion ;  partaker. 

As-so'ci-a'ticn  (-shT-),  n. 
Union  ;  connection  ;  society. 

As'so-nant,  a.  Having  a  re- 
semblance of  sounds  without 
rhyme. 

As  -sort',  v  t.  To  arrange  in 
classes  ;  to  class. 

As-sort'ment,  n.  Quantity 
selected  or  arranged  ;  collec- 
tion assorted. 

As-suage',  •.  t.  To  soften 
or  reduce,  as  pain  or  grief. 

—  S\'N.  To  pacify;  miti- 
gate ;  alleviate ;  allay. 

As-same',  v.  t.  To  take  ;  to 
take  for  granted  ;  to  pretend 
to  possess.  [haughty. 

As-siim'ing,  p.  a.  Arrogant; 

As-siimp'tion,  ft.  Act  of  as- 
suming ;  supposition  ;  thing 
supposed. 

As-sur'ance  (-shur'-),  it.  Cer- 
tain expectation  ;  confi- 
dence ;  boldness ;  insurance. 

As-sure'  (a-shur'),  V.  t  To 
make  secure  ;  to  assert  posi- 
tively ;  to  insure. 

As'ter,  ft.    A  plant. 

As'ter-isk,  n.   The  mark  (*). 

A-stern',  adv.  In  the  hinder 
part  of  a  ship  ;  behind  a 
ship  ;  in  the  rear. 

As'ter-oid,  n.  One  of  the 
small  planets  between  Mars 
and  Jupiter. 

Asth'ma  (Sst'-,  az'-,  or  as'-), 
n.    Shortness  of  breath. 

Asth-mat'i-e  (ast-,  az-,  or  as-), 


,  y,  long ;  a,  6, 1,  5,  Q,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  nil,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm  ; 


S.S.I.o.u 


ASTONISH 


33 


ATTRIBUTIVE 


a.  Pertaining  to  asthma  ; 
troubled  with  asthma. 

As-ton'ish,  v.  t.  To  amaze  ; 
to  surprise.  [derful. 

As-t6n'ish-ing,  a.  Very  won- 

As-tSn'ish-ment,  n  Emo- 
tion created  by  a  sudden  or 
extraordinary  event. —  Syn. 
Amazement;  wonder. 

As-tound',  r.  t.   To  astonish. 

As'tral,  a.  Belonging  to  the 
stars  ;  starry,      (.rigut  way. 

A-stray',  adv.     Out  of   the 

A-strlde',  adv.  Across  ;  with 
the  legs  apart. 

As-trm'gen-gy,  n.  The  power 
of  binding  or  contracting. 

As-trin'gent,  o.  Binding. 
—  n.  A  medicine  which 
binds. 

As-trdl'o-ger,  n.  OnG  who 
foretells  events  by  the  stars. 

As'tro-16g'i€,        \  a.    Relat- 

As'tro-log'ie-al,  )  ing  to  as- 
trology. 

As-trol'o-gy,  n.  The  art  of 
predicting  events  by  the  as- 
pects of  the  stars. 

As-trdn'o-mer,  n.  One  skilled 
in  astronomy. 

As'tro-ndm'ic-al,  a.  Be- 
longing to  astronomy. 

As-tr6n'o-my,  n.  The  science 
of  the  heavenly  bodies. 

As-tute',  a.  Shrewd  :  saga- 
cious :  discerning-;  acute. 

A-sun'der,  adv.  Apart ;  into 
parts. 

A-sy'lum,  n.  A  refuge :  sanc- 
tuary ;  a  charitable  institu- 
tion. 

At,  prep.  Near  to  :  in  ;  by  ; 
on  ;  with  ;  toward. 

Ate,  imp.  of  Eat. 

A'the-ism,  n.  Disbelief  in 
_  the  existence  of  a  God. 

A'the-ist,  n.  One  who  denies 
_  the  existence  of  a  God. 

A'the-Ist'le,        \  a,   Pertairi- 

A'the-igt'ie-al,  j  ing  to 
.  atheism  ;  denying  a  God. 

Ath/e-ne'um  )  (25),    n.       A 

Ath'e-nse'um  f  literary  or 
scientific  association  ;  a  pub- 
lic reading-room. 

A-thirst',  a.  Thirsty.   • 

Ath'lete,  n.  A  contenderfor 
a  prize  in  public  games. 


Ath-let'i€,  a.  Belonging  to 
wrestling  ;  strong ;  vigorous. 

A-thwart',  adv.  Side  wise  ; 
obliquely.  —  prep.  Across  ; 
from  side  to  side  of. 

At'lan-te'an,  a.  Resembling 
Atlas,  a  fabulous  giant. 

At-lan'ti€, «.  Pertaining  to 
the  ocean,  between  Europe 
and  America.  [maps. 

At'las  (18),  n.  A  collection  of 

At'mos-phere,  n.  The  air 
that  surrounds  the  earth. 

Atmos-pher'ie,       la.    Be- 

At'mos-ph&r'ie-al, J  long- 
ing to  the  atmosphere. 

At'om,  n.  A  minute  particle. 

A-tom'ie,       I  a.  Of,  or  relat- 

A-tom'ie-al,  j    ing  to  atoms. 

A-tone',  r.  ?'.  To  expiate  ;  to 
make  satisfaction  for ;  to 
reconcile. 

A-tone'ment  (10),  n.  Satis- 
faction ;  expiation ;  reconcili- 
ation. 

A-tro'cious,  a.  Wicked  in  a 
high  degree  ;  cnornious  ; 
flagitious.  [wickedness. 

A-tr6Q'i-ty,      n.         Horrible 

At'ro-phy,  n.  A  wasting 
away  ;  emaciation. 

At-tach/,  v.  t.  To  take  by 
legal  process  ;  to  win  over. 

Attach6  (at'a-sha'),  n.  One 
attached  to  the  suite  of  an 
embassador. 

At-tach^tnent,  n.  Act  of 
attaching  ;  state  of  being 
attached  ;  thing  attached  ; 
seizure  by  legal  process  in  a 
civil  suit;  affection. 

At-tack',  v.  t.  To  assault ;  to 
assail.  —  n.  An  assault  ; 
onset ;  invasion. 

At-tain',  v.  i.  To  reach  by 
efforts  ;  to  arrive  at.  —  Svn. 
To  obtain  ;  to  acquire. 

At-tain'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  attained. 

At-tain'der,  n.  Act  of  at- 
tainting in  law. 

At-tain'ment,  n.  Act  of  at- 
taining ;  thing  attained  ; 
acquisition. 

At-taint',  v.  t.  To  corrupt  ; 
to  disgrace  ;  to  taint,  as 
blood,  when  one  is  found 
guilty  of  treason.  —  n.     A 


stain  ;  spot ;  taint ;  a  kind 
of  writ. 
At-t6m'per,  v.  t.    To  qualify 

by  mixture  ;  to  temper. 
At-tempt',  n.  A  trial ;  effort ; 
essay.  — v.  t.  To  try  ;  to  en- 
deavor ;  to  essay  ;  to  attack. 

At-tend',  v.  t.  To  wait  on  ; 
to  accompany.  —  v.  i.  To 
give  heed  ;  to  be  in  waiting 

At-tgnd'anqe,  n.  Act  of 
waiting  ;  service  ;  retinue  ; 
train  ;  attention. 

At-tSnd'ant,  a.  Accompany- 
ing ;  connected  —  n.  One 
who  attends  or  accom  panics . 

At-ten'ticn,  n.  Act  of  attend- 
ing or  heeding  ;  civility. 

At-tSnt'ive,  a.  Paying  at- 
tention ;  heedful ;  regardful. 

At-ten'u-ate,  v.  t.  To  thin  : 
to  subtilize  ;  to  make  slen- 
der ;  to  draw  out. 

At-ten'u-a'tion,  n.  A  making 
thin  or  slender.  [to. 

At-test',_r.  t.  To  bear  witness 

At'tes-ta'ticn,  n.  Official  tes- 
timony ;  witness.         [tests. 

At-tgst'or,  n.    One  who  at- 

At'tie,  a.  Pertaining  to  Atti- 
ca ;  pure  ;  classical. —  n.  An 
upper  story. 

At'ti-gTsm,  ft.  Elopant  Greek. 

At-tlre'",  v.  t.  To  dress  ;  to 
array. — n.  Clothes ;  apparel ; 
dress ;  habit.  [tion. 

At'ti-tude,  n.  Posture;  poci- 

At'li-tud'i-nize,  v.  t.  To  as- 
sume affected  attitudes. 

At-tcr'ney  (-tdr'-,  19),  n.  One 
legally  appointed  by  anot'.ic  r 
to  act  for  him.  [allure. 

At-tra-et',  v.  t.      To  draw ;  to 

At-trae'ticn,  n.  Act  or  power 
of  attracting  ;  allurement. 

At-traet'ive,  a.  Drawing  ; 
alluring.  —  n.  That  which 
draws.  [which  draws. 

At-tra-et'ive-ncss,  n.  Quality 

At-trib'ti-ta-blc,  a.  Capable 
of  being  attributed. 

At-trib'ute,  v.  t.  To  ascribe; 
to  impute.  [quality. 

At'tri-bfite,  n.     An  inherent 

At'tri-bu'tion,  n.  The  act 
of  attributing. 

At-trib'u-tive,  n.  Relating 
to,  or  expressing,  an   attri- 


Bon,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took;  Crn,  rue,  pull;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist;  n.  aa  ng;  this. 

8 


ATTRITION 

bute. — n.  A  word  denoting 
an  attribute. 

At-tri'tion(-trIsb/un),  n.  Act 
of  wearing  or  rubbing. 

At-tune',  V.  t.  To  put  in  tune. 

Au'burn,  a.  Reddish  brown. 

Aue'tion,  n.  A  public  sale  to 

"the  highest  bidder. 

Auc'tion-eer',  n.  Manager  of 
an  auction. 

Au-da'cious,  a.  Bold  ;  impu- 
dent ;  presumptuous. 

Au-dag'i-ty,  n.  Boldness  ; 
presumptuous  impudence. 

Au'di-ble,a.  Capableof  being 
heard.  [to  be  heard. 

Au'di-bly,  adv.  In  a  manner 

Au'di-enge,  a.  A  hearing  ; 
assembly  of  hearers. 

/Au'dit,  n.  An  examination 
of  accounts  under  author- 
ity. —  v.  t.  To  examine  and 
adjust,  as  accounts. 

Au'dit-or,  ft.    A  hearer  ;  one 

"who  audits  accounts. 

Au'dit-o-ry,  a.  An  assembly 
of  hearers  ;  audience.  —  a. 
Havingthfcpower  of  hearing. 

Au'ger,  S^r  A  to^fr  to  bore 
holes.  [any  part. 

Aught  (awt),  n.     Any  thing  ; 

Aug-mSnt',  v.  t.  To  make 
larger;  to  increase. — v.  i. 
To  grow  larger. 

Aug'ment,  n.  Increase  ;  en- 
largement; a  sign  of  past 
time,  in  grammar. 

Aug'men-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
augmenting ;  thing  added. 

Aug-mgnt'a-tive,  a.  Having 
the  quality  of  augmenting. 

Au'gur,  n.  A  diviner  by  the 
flight  of  birds.—  v.  t.  To 
predict  by  signs  ;  to  prog- 
nosticate.—  v.  i.  To  con- 
jecture by  signs  or  omens. 

Au-gu'ri-al,  a.  Relating  to 
augurs  or  augury. 

Au'gu-ry,  n.  A  prediction 
founded  on  the  flight  of 
birds,  &c.  ;  an  omen  ;  prog- 
nostication,       [of  the  year. 

Au'gust,  n."  Eighth  month 

Au-gust',  a.  Impressing  rev- 
erence or  awe.  —  Syn. 
Grand  ;  imposing  ;  majestic. 

Au'lie,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 
royal  court. 


34 

Aunt,  n.  A  father's  or  moth- 
er's sister. 

Au-re'o-la,  In.     A  halo  of 

Au're-ole,    J     light    or   lu- 

"minousrays.  [ear. 

Au'ri-€le,  n.     The  external 

Au-n-e'u-lar,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  ear  or  the  sense  of  hear- 
ing ;  recognized  by  the  ear. 

Au-rif'er-ous,  a.    Producing 

"gold. 

Au'rist,  ft.      One  skilled  in 

"disorders  of  the  ear. 

Au-r6'ra,  n.     The    dawning 

"light. — Aurora  bortucis,  a 
luminous  meteoric  phenom- 
enon ;  northern  lights. 

Au-ro'ral,  a.  Pertaiuing  to 
the  aurora. 

Aus'-eul-ta'tion,  n.  Mode  of 

"detecting  lung-diseases  by 
listening  to  sounds  within 
the  chest.  [fiueuces. 

Au'spi-Qes,  n.pl.  Omens  ;  in- 

Au-spi'cious  (-spish'us),  a. 
Having  omens  of  success.  — 
Syn.  Prosperous ;  propi- 
tious. 

Au-stere',  a.    Severe  ;  rigid. 

Au-stere'ly,  adv.    Severely ; 

"rigidly. 

Au-ster'i-ty,  n.  Severity ; 
harsh  discipline ;  rigor. 

Aus'tral,  a.    Southern.  . 

Au-th6n'ti€,  a.  Genuine ; 
original ;  not  counterfeit. 

Au-thSn'ti~eate,    v.   t.     To 

"establish  by  proof. 

Au-th&n/ti-ca'tion,  ft.  Es- 
tablishment by  proof. 

Au'then-tiQ'i-ty,  ft.  State 
of  being  authentic  ;  gen- 
uineness. 

Au'thor,  n.      One  who  pro- 

"  duces  any  thing  ;  a  writer. 

Au'thor-ess,  ft.  A  female  au- 
thor, [authority. 

Au-th6r'i-ta-tive,a.  Having 

Au-th6r'i-ty,  n.    Legal  pow- 

"  er ;  warrant ;  rule  ;  support ; 
testimony. 

Au/thor-i-za/tion,  n.  Estab- 
lishment by  authority. 

Au'thor-izei  v.  t.  To  give 
authority  to  ;  to  make  legal ; 
to  justify. 

Au'thor-ship,  n.  The  state 
of  being  an  author. 


AVAUNT 

Au'to-bl-og'ra-pher,  n.  One 
who  writes  a  history  of  his 
own  life> 

Au'to-bi-og'ra-phy,  ft.    The 

"writing  of  one's  own  life. 

Aa/to-bi/o-graph'i€-al,  a. 
Relating  to  autobiography. 

Au-t6e'ra-gy,  n.  Supreme 
independent  power. 

Au'to-€rat,  n.  An  absolute 
sovereign. 

Au'to-erat'ic,       )  a.    Relat- 

Au'to-erat'ie-al,  /  ingtoau- 

"  tocracy  or  to  an  autocrat. 

Au'to-da-fe',  n.  Punishment 

"of  a  heretic  by  burning; 
also,  the  sentence  then 
read. 

Au'to-graph,  n.  A  person's 
hand-writing  ;  signature. 

Au'to-graph'i€,       I  a.  Con- 

Au'to-graph'ie-al, )  sisting 
in  one's  own  hand-writing. 

Au'to-mat'i-e,  a.    Belonging 

"to,  or  like,  an  automaton. 

Au-t6m'a-ton,  «.  (pi.  Au- 
tom'a-ton§ ;  Lat.  pi.  Au- 
t6m'a-ta.)  A  self-moving 
machine,  especially*  one 
which  imitates  the  motions 
of  men  or  animals. 

Au'tumn  (aw'tum),  n.  Third 

"season  of  the  year  ;  fall. 

Au-tum'nal,  a.     Of,  or  be- 

"  longing  to,  autumn. 

Aux-Il'ia-ry,     a.      Helping. 

"  —  n.  A  verb  that  helps  form 
moods  and  tenses  of  other 
verbs;  (pi.)  troops  assisting 
another  nation. 

A-vail',  v.  t.  To  turn  to  the 
advantage  of;  to  profit ;  to 
assist;  to  promote.  —  v.  i. 
To  be  of  use  or  advantage. — 
n.  Advantage;  profit;  (/;/.) 
proceeds  of  property  sold. 

A-vail'a-ble,  a.  Profitable; 
vaiid. 

Av'a-langhe,  ft.  Body  of 
snow,  earth,  &c,  sliding 
down  a  mountain,     [of  gain. 

Av'a-rlce,  n.     Excessive  love 

Av'a-ri'cious  (-rish'us),  a. 
Greedy  of  wealth.  —  SYN. 
Covetous  ;  miserly  ;  penuri- 
ous ;  niggardly. 

A-vast'.  i  titer  j.     Cease  ;  hold. 

A- vaunt',  interj.    Begone. 


,  0,  Q,  y,  long; ;  a,  u,  T,  6,  ti,  y,  short ;  cfire,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  Ore,  veil,  term  ;  pique. 


17  rm : 


AVE-MARY 


35 


BACHELOR 


A've-M&'ry,    (  n.    A  prayer 

A've-Ma-rl'a,  j  to  the  Vir- 
gin Mary.  [to  oats. 

Av'e-na'cecms,  a.     Relating 

A-venge',  v.  t.  To  take  just 
satisfaction  for  ;  to  take 
vengeance  on.        • 

A-veng'er,  n.  One  who 
avenges. 

Av'c-nue  (18),  n.  An  en- 
trance ;  passage  ;  shaded  al- 
ley in  a  garden  ;  wide  street. 

A-ver',  v.t.  To  declare  posi- 
tively ;  to  affirm  ;  to  assert. 

Av'er-age,  n.  A  mean  pro- 
portion ;  medium.  —  a.  Re- 
lating to  a  mean.  —  v.  t.  To 
reduce  to  a  mean.  — v.  ?'.  To 
be  or  form  a  medial  sum  or 
quantity.  [sertion. 

A-ver'ment,  n.     Positive  as- 

A-v6rse',  a.  Having  a  strong 
dislike  ;  disinclined  ;  unwil- 
ling ;  reluctant. 

A-ver'sion,  n.  Hatred  ;  dis- 
like ;  the  cause  of  aversion. 

A-vert',  v.  t.  or  /'.  To  turn 
asid^r  [birds  in. 

A'vi-a-ry,  n.  A  place  to  keep 

A-vid'i-ty,  n.  Greediness ;  ea- 
gerness ;  intense  desire. 

Av'o-ea'tion,  n.  Business 
that  calls  away, 

A-void',  v.  t.  To  keep  at  a 
distance  from  ;  to  make 
void ;  to  defeat  or  evade. 

A-void'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  avoided.  [ing. 

A-void'ange,  n.  Act  of  avoid- 


A-void'er,  n.  One  who 
avoids. 

Av'oir-du-pois/  (av'er-),  n.  A 
weight  which  has  sixteen 
ounces  to  the  pound. 

A-vouch',  v.  t.  To  declare 
positively;  to  maintain. 

A-vow',  v.  t.  To  declare 
openly  ;  to  own  and  justify. 

A-vow'al,  n.  A  frank  declara- 
tion. 

A-vow'ed-ly,  adv.  In  an 
open  manner. 

A-vow'er,  n.  One  who 
i      avows.  [asunder. 

A-vul'sion,    n.      A    tearing 

A-waft',  v.  t.  To  wait  for  ;  to 
expect. 

A-wake',  a.  Not  sleeping.  — 
v.  t.  [imp.  Sep.  p.  AWAKED 
or  AWOKE.]  To  rouse  from 
sleep  ;  to  wake.  —  v.  i.  To 
cease  to  sleep. 

A-wak'en,  v.    To  awake. 

A-ward',  v.  t.  To  adjudge  ; 
to  decree.  —  n.  A  judgment. 

A-ware',  a.  Foreseeing ;  vigi- 
lant ;  watchful ;  apprised. 

A-way',  adv .     At  a  distance. 

Awe,  n.     Reverential  fear. — 

"v.  t.     To  strike  with  awe. 

Aw'ful  (10),  a.    Striking  awe. 

Aw'ful-ness,  n.  Quality  of 
"striking  with  awe. 

A-while',  adv.  For  some  time. 

Awk'ward,ffl.  Clumsy;  un- 
handy ;  inelegant. 

Awk'ward-ness,  n.  Un- 
"  gracefulness ;  clumsiness. 


BAA,  n.  The  cry  or  bleat- 
ing of  sheep.  —  v.  i.  To 
cry  like  a  sheep. 

Bab'ble,r.  I.  To  talk  idly,  ir- 
rationally, or  unintelligibly ; 
to  prattle. — n.  Senseless 
prattle  ;  idle  talk. 

Bab'bler,  n.  An  idle  talker  ; 
a  prater. 

Babe,  n.  An  infant ;  a  young 
child;  a  baby. 


B. 


Bab-dbn',  n.  A 
large  species 
of  monkey. 

Ba'by  (19),  n. 
An  infant ;  a 
young  child ; 
a  babe. 

Ba'by-ish,  a. 
Like  a  baby  ; 
childish. 

Ba-c'ca-lau're- 


Awl,    «.      A   tool   to  pierce 

holes. 
Awn,  n.  The  beard  of  grasses 

and  grain. 
Awn'ing,  n.  A  covering  from 
"the  sun  or  weather. 
A-woke',  imp.  &  p.  p.  from 

Awake. 
A-wry'  (-rl'),  a.  or  adv.     Ob- 
lique or  obliquely ;  aside. 
Ax,    I  n.  An  iron  tool  with  a 
Axe,  J     steel  edge,  for  hewing 

and  chopping. 
Ax'i-al,  a.    Pertaining  to  an 

axis. 
Ax'i-form,   a.      Having    the 

shape  of  an  axe. 
Ax'il-la-ry,  a.    Belonging  to 

the  armpit. 
Ax'i-om,   n.    A    self-evident 

proposition  or  truth. 
Ax'i-om-at'i-e,  a.  Pertaining 

to  an  axiom  ;  of  the  nature 

of  an  axiom. 
Ax'is,  n.  {pi.  Ax'eg.)  The  line 

on  which  a  thing  revolves  ; 

stem  of  a  plant; 
Ax'le  (iiks'l), 
Ax'le-tree, 

n.     A  shaft  on' 

which  a  wheel 
..turns... 
Ay,  or  Aye, adv. 
_  Yes. 
Aye      (a),     adv.     C,  Axle. 

Always  ;    ever. 
Az'ure  (azh'ur  or  5'zhur),  a. 

Blue ;  sky-colored ;  cerulean. 

—  n.  A  light  blue  ;  the  sky. 


ate,  n.  The  degree  of 
Bachelor  of  Arts. 

Ba<5'€ha-nal,  n.  A  drunkard; 
a  reveler. 

Ba€'€ha-na/li-an,  a.  Rev- 
eling in  intemperance. — n. 
A  drunken  reveler. 

Bach'e-lor,  n.  An  unmarried 
man ;  one  who  has  taken 
the  first  degree  in  any  of  the 
liberal  arts. 


t 


eon,  orj  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rije,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  e,  g,  hard;  as  :  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


BACK 

Back,  n.  The  hinder  part  in 
man  and  the  upper  part  in 
beasts  ;  the  rear  ;  outward  or 
upper  part  of  a  thing. — adv. 
To,  in,  or  toward  the  rear  ; 
backward  ;    behind  ;  again. 

—  v.  t.  To  mount ;  to  sup- 
port ;  to  furnish  with  a  back. 

Back'blte,  v.  I   To  slander  in 

the  absence  of  the  person 

traduced.  [lumniator. 

Back'bit-er,  n.     A  secret  ca- 
Back'bone,  n.    The  bone  of 

the  back  :  the  spine. 
Back-gam'mon,  n.    A  game 

with  dice,  played  on  a  kind 

of  table  or  board. 
Back'ground,  n.    Ground  or 

part  behind  ;  shade. 
Back'slde,  n.     Hinder  part. 
Back-slide',  v.  i.    To  fall  off ; 

to  apostatize. 
Back'ward,    )  a.  Unwilling  ; 
Back'wardg,  j     slow  ;  late  ; 

dull.  [ingly. 

Back'ward-ly,  adv.    Unwill- 
Back'ward-ness,  n.  State  or 

quality  of  being  backward. 
Back- woods/man  (21),  n.  An 

inhabitant  of  the  forest  in 

new  settlements 
Ba'eon(ba'kn),  n.  Hog'sflesh 

salted,  or  pickled  and  dried. 
Bad,  a  Wanting  good  quali- 
ties ;  ill ;  evil ;  wicked. 
Bade,  imp.  of  Bid.  [tion. 
Badge,  n.  A  mark  of  distinc- 
Bad'ger,  n.     A   quadruped. 

—  v.  t.    To  tease ;  to  worry. 
Baffle,  v.  t.    To  elude  or  de- 
feat by  artifice.  —  SYN.    To 
balk  ;  frustrate  ;  disappoint. 

Bag,  n.  A  sack  ;  purse.  — 
v.  t.  To  put  into  a  bag  —  v. 
i.  To  swell  like  a  bag. 

Bag'a-telle',  n.    A  trifle. 

Bag'gage,  n.  Utensils  and 
other  necessaries  of  an  army ; 
clothing ;  luggage. 

Bagn'io  (ban'yo),  n.  A  hot 
bath ;  brothel,  [instrument. 

Bag'pipe.  n.  A  musical  wind 

Bail,  n.  A  surety  for  anoth- 
er's appearance  ;  a  handle. 

—  v.  t.  To  give  security  ; 
to  set  free  on  security  ;  to 
release  by  bail ;  to  free  from 
water. 


36 

Bail'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  bailed. 

Bail'iff ,  n.  A  sheriff 's  deputy  : 
an  under-steward. 

Bail'i-wick,  n.  Jurisdiction 
of  a  bailiff. 

Bail'or,  /  n.  One  who  delivers 

Bail'er, )      goods  in  trust. 

Bairn,  or  Barn,  n.    A  child. 

Bait,  v.  t.  To  put  food  on,  as 
on  a  hook  ;  to  give  refresh- 
ment to.  —  f.  i.  To  stop  for 
refreshment  on  a  journey. 
—  n.  A  lure  ;  temptation  ; 
enticement ;  refreshment. 

Baize,  n.  A  kind  of  coarse 
woolen  stuff. 

Bake,  v.  \  To  heat  or*harden 
by  heat ;  to  cook  in  a  close 
heated  place.  —  v.  i.  To  do 
the  work  of  baking  ;  to  dry 
and  harden  in  heat. 

Bak'er,  n.  A  person  whose 
trade  is  to  bake. 

Bak'er-y,  n.  Trade  of  a  baker. 

Bak'ing  (11),  n.  A  drying  by 
heat;  quantity  baked  at 
once. 

Bal'ange,  n.  A  pair  of  scales ; 
the  difference  of  accounts  ; 
equipoise  ;  a  sign  in  the  zo- 
diac. —  v.  t.  To  make  equal ; 
to  weigh  ;  to  estimate  ;  to 
adjust  and  settle.  —  v.  i. 
To  hesitate  ;  to  fluctuate. 

Bal'ange-sheet,  n.  A  paper 
exhibiting  a  summary  and 
balance  of  accounts. 

Bal'-eo-ny,  n.  A  gallery  on 
the  outer  -\vall  of  a  building. 

Bald,  a.  Without  hair ;  naked. 

Bal'der-dash,  n.  A  worthless 
mixture ; jargon ;  nonsense. 

Bald'ness,  n.  A  want  of  hair. 

Bald'pate,  n.  A  pate  or  per- 
son without  hair. 

Bgl'dri-e,  n.  A  girdle  ;  a  belt. 

Bale,  n.  Misery  ;  sorrow  ; 
calamity  ;  a  bundle  of  goods* . 
—  v.  t.  To  put  into,  or 
make  up  into,  bales ;  to 
pack  up. 

Bale'-fire,  n.     A  signal  fire. 

Bale'ful  (17),  a.  Full  of  bale; 
sorrowful  ;  sad. 

Balk  (bawk),  n.  An  unplowed 
ridge  of  land  ;  a  great  beam  ; 
hindrance ;  disappointment. 


BANDY 

—  y.  t.  To  disappoint.  — 
v.  i.    To  stop  abruptly. 

Ball,  n.  Any  round  body  ;  a 
globe  ;  a  bullet ;  a  social  as- 
sembly for  dancing ;  a  game. 

—  v.  ?'.  To  form  into  a 
ball ;  to  gather  balls  of  snow 
on  the'feet.  [song. 

Bal'lad,  n.   A  simple  popular 

Bal'last,  n.  Any  heavy  sub- 
stance to  steady  a  ship.  — 
v.  I.     To  load  with  ballast. 

Bal'let  (or  -la,)  n.  Tneatrical 
exhibition  of  dancing,  &c. 

Bal-loon',n.     A 
vessel        filled  fy 
with  gasfor sail-  | 
ing  iu  the  air. 

Bal'lot,  n.  Aji? 
ball  or  tickets 
used  in  voting.: 

—  v.i.  To  vote- 
by  ballot. 

Bal'lot-box,     n.      Balloon. 
A  box  for  receiving  ballots. 

Balm  (bam),  n.  An  odorifer- 
ous plaxit ;  an  ointment. 

Balm'y  (bimVy),  a.  Sweet ; 
fragrant. 

Bal'sam,  n.  An  aromatic 
resinous  substance. 

Bal-sarn,'i€,  a.  Having  the 
qualities  of  balsam  ;  healing. 

Bal'us-ter,  n.  A  small  pillar 
to  support  a  rail. 

Bal'us-trade,  n.  A  row  of 
balusters  topped  by  a  rail. 

Bam-boo',  n.  A  kind  of 
tropical  reed.  [ceivr 

Bam-bdb'zle,  t».  t.     To  &< 

Ban,  n.  A  public  notice  ;  ii 
terdict ;  curse. 

Ba-na'na,  n.  A  tree, 
and  its  fruit. 

Band,  n.    Any  thing' 
that  binds  ;  a  com- 
pany. —  v.  t.   &  ■ 
To  unite  together. 

Band'age.n.  A  fillet.  _ 

Ban-dan'a,    ]n.    A Banana- 

Ban-dan'na,  j     kind  of  silk. 

Band'bdx,  n.  A  light  box 
for  bonnets,  &c. 

Ban'dit  (25),  n.  An  outlaw  ;  a 
robber. 

Ban'dy,  n.  A  club  for  strik- 
ing a  ball.—  v.  t.  To  beat 
to  and  fro,  as  a  ball ;  to  ex- 


otice  ;  ii 


H,  e,T,o,  Q,  y,  lo-ng  ;  it,  t>,\,o,u,y,  short ;  c;lre,  car,  ito'k,  all,  what;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm; 


BAJSDY-LEG 


BARRENNESS 


change.  —  v.  i.  To  con- 
tend, [leg./ 

Ban'dy-leg,  n.     A  crooked 

Bane,  n.  Deadly  prison  ; 
mischief  j  ruin. 

B&ne'ful,  a.  Poisonous  ; 
noxious ;  hurtful. 

Bang,  v.  t.  To  beat  ;  to 
tuump.  —  n  A  blow  ;  a 
thump.  [banyan. 

Ban'ian,  n.  A  morning  gown  ; 

Ban'ish,  v.  t.  To  exile  from. 
one's  country  ;  to  drive 
away. 

Ban'ish-ment,  n.  Expulsion 
from  one's  own  country. 

Ban'is-ter,  n.    A  baluster. 

Bank,  n.  A  ridge  of  earth  ; 
steep  acclivity  ;  side  of  a 
stream  ;  a  shoal ;  place  where 
money  is  deposited. — v.  t. 
To  raise  a  bank  about. 

Bank'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  received  by  a  bank. 

Bank'-bill,    I  n.     A  promis- 

Bank'-note, )  sory  note  is- 
sued by  a  banking  company. 

B&nk'-bdbk,  ».  A  small  book 
for  private  brink  accounts. 

Bank'er,  n.  One  who  deals 
in  money  or  discounts  notes. 

Bank'ing,  ri.  The  business 
of  a  banker. 

Bank'rupt,  ft.  One  who  can 
not  pay* his  debts.  —  a.  Un- 
able to  pay  debts  ;  insolvent. 

—  e.  t .    To  make  insolvent. 
Birik'rupt-c.7,  n.     State  of  a 

bankrupt ;  failure  in  trade. 

Bank'-stock,  n.  Shares  in  a 
banking  capital. 

Ban'ner,  n.  A  standard ;  flag. 

Ban'quet  (bank'wet),  n.  A 
graud  entertainment  ;  a 
feast.  —  v.  t.  To  give  a  feast 
to. — v.i.  To  regale  one's 
self  with  a  feast. 

Bang,  n.  pi.  Proclamation  in 
church  of  an  intended  mar- 
riage, [of  fowl. 

Ban'tam,n.    A  small  variety 

Ban'ter,  v.  t.  To  rally  ;  to 
ridicule  :  to  joke  «r  jest  with. 

—  n.     Raillery  ;  joke. 
Bant'ling,  n.     An  infant. 
Ban'yan,  or  Ban-yan',  n.  A 

kind  of  fig-tree. 
Bap'tism,  n.    Application  of 


water  to  the  body  as  a  re- 
ligious ceremony. 

Bap-tl§'mal,a.  Pertaining  to 
baptism. 

Bap'tist,  11.  One  who  holds 
to  baptism  of  adults  only, 
and  that  by  immersion. 

Bap'tis-ter-y,  n.  A  place  for 
baptizing. 

Bap-tize',  v.  t.  To  administer 
baptism  to.  [tizeS. 

Bap-tiz'er,  n.     One  who  bap- 

Bir,  n.  A  bolt ;  obstruction  ; 
inclosure  in  an  inn  or  court- 
room ;  division  in  music  ; 
bank  of  sand  in  a  river  ; 
body  of  lawyers  ;  a  tribunal. 
— v.  t.'Eo  fasten ;  to  shutout. 

Barb,  n.  Any  tains  like  a 
beard ;  a  point  standing 
backward,  as  in  a  fish- 
hook ;  horse  armor  ;  a  Bar- 
bary  horse.  —  v.  t.  To  fur- 
nish with  barbs. 

Bar-ba'ri-an,  n.  A  savago  ; 
a  man  uncivilised.  —  a. 
Savage  ;  uncivilized. 

Bar-bar'i-e,  a.  Foreign ; 
rude ;  barbarous. 

Bar'ba-rism,  n.   Savageness. 

Bar-bar'i'ty,  ri.  A  savage 
state  ;    cruelty  ;  barbarism. 

Bar'ba-roiis,  a  Uncivilized; 
savago  ;  rude  ;  cruel. 

Bar'be-eue,  n.  A  hog,  &c, 
roasted  whole ;  a  feast  in 
the  open  air. — v.  t.  To 
dress  and  roast  whole. 

Bar'ber,  n.  One  whose  busi- 
ness is  to  shave  beards. 

Bar'ber-ry,  ri.  A  shrubby 
plant,  and  it3  fruit,      [poet. 

Bard,  n.  A  Celtic  minstrel ;  a 

Bare,  a.  Naked  ;  uncovered  ; 
destitute  ;  mere.  —  v.  t.  To 
make  naked  ;  to  uncover. 

Bare'faged  (-fist),  a.  Shame- 
less ;  impudent. 

Bare'fo"bt,  a.  &  adv.  With- 
out shoes  or  stockings. 

Bare'-head'ed,  a.  With  the 
head  uncovered. 

Bar'gain,  n.  Agreement ;  a 
thing  bought  or  sold.  —  v. 
t.  To  make  a  contract  with  ; 
to  sell.  —  v.  i.     To  agree. 

Barge,  ».  A  largo  boat  for 
pleasure,  &c. 


Ba-ril'la,  n.  A  tea-shore 
plant ;  impure  carbonate  of 
soda. 

Bark,  n.  Rind  of  a  tree ;  tho 
noise  made  by  a  dog.  —  v.  t. 
To  strip  of  bark.  —  v.  i.  To 
make  the  noise  of  a  dog. 

Bark,       1  w.  A 

Barque,  J  ship 
with  three 
masts,  with- 
out a  inizzen ' 
topmast. 

Bar'ley,  n.    A      Barlue- 
kind  of  grain  that  malt  is 
made  of. 

Bar'lcy-eorn ,  n.  A  grain  of 
barley ;     third    part   of   an 

B'lrm,  n.    Yeast.  [inch. 

Barn,  n.  A  building  fcr  hay 
and  other  farm  produce. 

EIr'na-cle,  n.  A  kind  of 
shell-fish  ;  a  kind  of  goose  ; 
(pi.)  an  instrument  to  put 
on  a  horse's  nose  to  confine 
him  ;  a  pair  of  spectacles. 

Ea-rom'e-ter,  n.  An  instru- 
ment to  measure  the  weight 
of  the  atmosphere. 

Bar'cn,  ft.  Rank  of  nobility 
next  to  a  viscount. 

Ear'on-agc,  ri.  Body  of  bar- 
ons, [wife. 

Bar'on-eSS,   n.       A     baron's 

Bar'cn-et,  n.  A  dignity  next 
below  that  of  a  baron. 

Bar'on-et-gy,  n.  The  rank, 
state,  or  title  of  a  baron. 

Ba-ro'ni-al,  a.  Belonging  to 
a  barony. 

Bar'o-ny,  ri.  Lordship  or 
fee  of  a  baron. 

Ba-rouclie'  (-rtftish'),  n.  A 
two  -  seated  four  -  wheeled 
open  carriage.  [soldiers. 

Bar'rack,  ri.    A  building  for 

Bar'ra-tor,  n.  One  who  ex- 
cites lawsuits. 

Bar'ra-try,  n.  Encourage- 
ment of  lawsuits. 

Bar'rel,  n.  A  sort  of  cask  ; 
a  cylinder  ;  a  tube. — v.  t.  (8) 
To  put  into  a  barrel. 

Bar'ren,  a.  Not  prbliHc  ;  un- 
fruitful ;  sterile  ;  dull.  —  n. 
An  unfertile  tract  of  land. 

Bar'ren-ness,  n.  Unfruit- 
fulness. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  tub,  took ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  -c,  g,  hard;  &i ;  exist  j  Q  as  ng  ;  this. 


BARRICADE 


BEAR 


Bar'ri-cade',  ft.  A  hastily 
made  fortification  ;  a  bar  or 
obstruction.  —  v.  t.  To 
stop  up,  as  a  passage. 

Ear'ri-er,  ft.  A  limit;  de- 
fense; bar;  obstruction; 
boundary.  [at  law. 

Bar'ris-ter,  n.     A  counselor 

Bar'rdW,  n.  A  hand-car- 
riage ;  a  mound ;  a  gelt 
swine. 

Bar'ter,  v.  t.  To  traffic  by 
exchanging  articles.  —  n. 
Traffic  by  cxchsnge.     [ters. 

Bar'ter-er,  n.    One  who  bar- 

Bar'y-tone,  n.  A  male  voice 
partaking  of  the  common 
bass  and  tenor. 

Ea-salt',  ft.  A  very  hard 
greenish-black  mineral. 

Ba-salt'i-e,  a.  Pertaining  to 
basalt. 

Base,  ft.  Bottom  ;  foundation  ; 
pedestal ;  gravest  part  ia 
music.  —  a.  Low  in  value, 
rank,  spirit,  estimation,  &c. 

—  Syn.  Mean;  vile.—  v.  t. 
To  found,  set,  or  lay. 

Base'-born,  a.     Illegitimate. 

Base'less,  a.  Without  sup- 
port, [of  a  building. 

Base'ment,  n.    Lower  story 

Base'ness,  n.  Quality  of  be- 
ing bone;  meanness;  vile- 
ness  ;  deepness  of  sound. 

Blse'vl-ol,  )   n.      A   musical 

Bass'vl-ol,  j       instrument. 

Bash'ful,  a.  Wanting  con- 
fidence ;  modest ;  shy  ;  diffi- 
dent. 

Bash'ful-ness,  ft.  Extreme 
modesty  ;  diffidence. 

Ba'sie.  a.    Relating  to  a  base. 

Bas'i-Hsk,  n.  A  cockatrice  ; 
a  Rind  of  cannon. 

Ea'sin  (ba'sn),  n.  A  small 
vessel ;  a  dock  ;  a  pond  ;  any 
hollow  place. 

Ba'sis,  n.  [pi.  Ba'se§.)  Foun- 
dation ;  support ;  base. 

Bask,r.  ?'.    To  lie  i:i  warmth. 

—  v.  t.  To  warm  with  genial 
heat. 

Bas'ket,  n.  A  vessel  made  of 
twigs,  &<$.,  interwoven, 

Bass,  v.     A  fish  ;  a  tree. 

Bass,  n.  ( Mas.)  The  base.—  a. 
Grave  ;  low  ;  deep.  See  Base. 


Bas-sdbn',  n.  A  musical 
wind  instrument. 

Bas'tard,  a.  Illegitimate; 
spurious  ;  born  out  of  wed- 
lock. —  n.  A  spurious  child. 

Bas'tard-y,  n.  State  of  being 
a  bastard. 

Baste,  v.  t.  To  beat  with  a 
stick ;  to  sew  slightly  ;  to 
drip  butter  on. 

Bas-tile'  (orbas'teel),  n.  An 
old  castle  used  as  a  prison. 

Bas'ti-nade', )  v.  t.    To  beat 

Bas'ti-na'do, J  on  the  soles 
of  the  feet  with  a  cudgel.  — 
n.  A  cudgeling,  especially 
on  the  soles  of  the  feet. 

Bas'tion  (basfyun),  ft.  A 
mass  of  earth  standing  out 
from  a  rampart. 

Bat,  n.  A 
sti'-k  :  a  small 
bird-like  ani- 
mal. Bat. 

Batch,  ».  Bread  baked  at  one 
time ;  work  done  at  onco  ; 
quantity  of  things  taken 
together.  [abate. 

Bate,  v.    t.      To   lessen;     to 

Ba-teau' (bat-tc ),n.  (j/!.  Ba- 
teaux', bat-toz'.)  A  long 
light  boat. 

Bath,  n.  (pi.  Baths.)  A  bath- 
ing ;  a  place  to  bathe  in. 

Bathe,  v.  To  wash  or  lie  in 
water. 

Ba-tcn'  (-tong7),  )  n.    A  staff 

Ba-toon',  {       or  trun- 

cheon, [fantry. 

Bat-tal'ion,  n.  A  body  of  in- 

Bat'ten  (bat'tn),  v.  t.  To 
make  fat ;  to  fatten  ;  to  form 
or  fasten  with  battens.  — 
v.  i.  To  grow  fat.  —  n.  A 
narrow  piece  of  board. 

Bat'ter,  v.  t.  To  beat  down. 
—  n.  A  mixture  of  flour, 
water,  eggs,  &c. 

Bat'ter-ing-ram,  n.  An  en- 
gine for  beating  down  walls. 

Bat'ter-y,  n.  A  raised  work 
for  cannons  ;  a  body  of  can- 
non taken  collectively;  ap- 
paratus for  containing  or 
producing  electricity  ;  un- 
lawful beating  of  another. 

Bat'ting,  n.  Cotton  or  wool 
i;i  sheets  for  quilting. 


Bat'tle,  n.  A  combat;  an 
encounter;  a  fight. — v.  i. 
To  contend  in  fight. 

Bat'tle-ax,    1  n.    A  kind  of 

Bat'tle-axe,  )  ax  anciently 
used  in  battle. 

Bat'tle-door,  n.  An  instru- 
ment to  strike  shuttlecocks 
with. 

Bat'tle-ment,  n.  A  notchod 
or  indented  parapet  or  wall. 

Baw'ble,  n.  A  gewgaw  ;  trin- 
ket; trifle.  [procuress. 

Bawd,  ft.     A  lewd  woman  ;  a 

Briwd'y,  a.   Filthy;  obscene. 

Bawl',  v.  t.  To  proclaim  as  a 
crier.  —  v.  i.  To  cry  aloud. 

Bay,  v.  i.  To  bark  as  a  dog. 
—  a.  Itcd  inclining  to  chest- 
nut. —  n.  Inlet  of  the  sea  ; 
inclosure  in  a  barn  ;  a  tree. 

Bay'ber-ry,  ft.  Fruit  of  the 
bay-tree :  a  species  of  laurel ; 
a  plant  (called  also  wax- 
myrtle)  and  its  fruit. 

Bay'o-net,  n.  A  sort  of  dag- 
ger fixed  to  a  gun. — v.  t. 
To  stab  with  a  bayonet. 

Bay'ou  (bi'oo),  n.  Outlet  of 
a  kike,  &c. 

Bay'-rum,  n.  A  spirit  ob- 
tained by  distilling  leaves  of 
the  bay-tree. 

Ba-zaar',  1   n.      An  Eastern 

Ba-zar',  j  market-place  or 
exchange ;  a  fair. 

Be,  v.  i.  and  auxiliary,  [imp, 
WAS  ;  p.  p.  BEEN.]  To  exist. 

Beach,  n.  A  sandy  or  pebbly 
shore ;  strand. 

Bea'eon  (b3'kn),  n.  A  signal 
light  to  direct  seamen. 

Bead  (18),  n.  A  little  ball  to 
be  strung  on  a  thread. 

Bea'dle,  n.  A  crier  or  mes- 
senger of  a  court ;  an  in- 
ferior parish  officer. 

Bea'gle,  n.     A  small  hound. 

Beak,  n.  The  bill  of  a  bird  ; 
any  thing  like  a  bird's  bill. 

Beak'er,  n.    A  drinking-cup. 

Beam,  n.  A  main  timber; 
part  of  a  balance  ;  ray  of 
light.  —  v.  i.     To  shine. 

Bean,  ft.  A  leguminous  plant 
and  its  seed. 

Bear,  v.  t.  [imp.  bore  :  p.  p 
BORN.]     To  bring  forth,  as 


5,  I,  v,  Q,y,  Jong*;  {1,5,^  o,  K,y,  short ;  cure,  car,  ask,  rll,  what ;  ere,  veil,  tSrm  ;  p'.'que,  firm; 


BEARABLE 


39 


BEGGAR 


m 


.young  ;  to  produce.  —  t>.  t. 

\h)ip.  UORE  ;  }>.  p.  BOKNE.] 

To  carry  ;  to  endure  ;  to  sus- 
tain; to  support. — v.i.  To 
gaffer. 

A      kind     of 
wild   animal 
a  stockjobber 
interested    in 
depressing  the         Bear, 
yalue  of  stocks. 

Bear'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  borne ;  tolerable. 

Barrel,  n.  Hair  on  the  chin, 
lips,  and  sides  of  the  face.  — 
v.  t.  To  tske  or  pull  by  the 
beard ;  to  oppose  to  the  face. 

Beard'ed,  a.  Having  a  beard. 

Bear'er,  n.    A  carrier. 

Bear'-giir'den  (-dn),  n.  A 
place  where  bears  ai-e  kept 

.  for  sport.  [mien. 

Bear'ing,   n.      Deportment ; 

Bear'ish,  a.     Like  a  bear. 

Beast,  n.  An  irrational  ani- 
mal ;  a  brute.  [brutal. 

Beast'ly,  a.    Like  a  beast; 

-Beat,  v.  t.  [imp.  bear  ;  p.  p. 
BEAT,  BEATEN.]  To  strike 
with  repeated  blows  ;  to  out- 
do ;  to  surpass ;  to  conquer. 
—  v.  i.  To  strike  ;  to  dash  ; 
to  throb,  as  a  pulse. — n. 
A  stroke  ;  a  blow. 
,  Beat'en,  p.  p.  of  Beat. 

Be'a-tif'i-C,  «.  Making  happy. 

Be-at'i-fi-ca'tion,  n.  Admis- 
sion to  heavenly  honors. 

Beat'ing,  ft.    Act  of  striking. 

Be-at'i-tude,«.  Blessedness  ; 
perfect  bliss  or  felicity. 

Beau  (bo),  n.  (pi.  Beaux, 
boz.)  A  man  of  dress;  a 
lady's  attendant ;  a  fop. 

Beau  I-de'al.  A  mental  mod- 
el of  beauty  or  excellence. 

Beau'te-ous,  a.  Beautiful ; 
handsome ;  fair. 

Beau'ti-ful,  a.  Having  the 
qualities  that  constitute 
beauty.  —  SYN.  Handsome  ; 
fair;  elegant;  lovely. 

Beau'ti-fy,  v.  t.  To  make 
beautiful.  —  v.  i.  To  grow 
beautiful.  —  SYN.  To  adorn  ; 
grace  ;  embellish  ;  deck. 

Beau'ty  (bQ'ty),  n.  What- 
ever pleases  the  eye  or  the 


Beaver. 


mind  ;  assemblage  of  graces  ; 
a  lovely  woman. 

Bea'ver,  n.  An 
amphibious 
quadruped  and 
his  fur ;  a  hat. 

Be-ellm'  ( be- 
kam/),t\  t.  To 
quiet ;  to  calm  ;  to  appease. 

Be-camc',  imp.  of  Become. 

Be-cruise',  covj.  For  the 
cause  "or  reason  that;  for; 
since  ;  as.  [to  befall. 

Be-chance',  t\  ?.  To  happen; 

Beck,  m.  A  sign  with  the 
hand  or  head.  —  v.  i.  To 
make  a  sign  with  the  head 
or  hand;  to  nod. — v.t.  To 
intimate  a  command  to  by  a 
nod  or  motion  of  the  hand. 

BSck'on,  v.  t.  To  make  a  sig- 
nificant sign  to.  — v.  ?'.  To 
make  a  sign  to  another. 

Be-eloud',  •.  t.    To  obscure. 

Be--e6me'     (-kam'),     v.     t. 

[imp.  BECAME  ;  p  p.  BE- 
COME.] To  fit,  or  befit ;  to 
suit.  —  v.  i.  To  be  made  ;  to 
be  changed  to.        [graceful. 

Be-e6m'ing,    a.       Suitable ; 

Bed,  v.  t.  To  place  hi  bed  ;  to 
lay  in  order. 

Be-dab'ble,  v.  t.    To  wet. 

Be-dash',  v.  t.  To  wet  by 
spattering.  [to  daub. 

Be-daub',   v.  t.     To  smear  ; 

Be-daz'zle,  v.  t.    To  dazzle. 

Bed'-bug,  n.  An  offensive 
bug  that  infests  beds. 

Bed'-chanVber,  n.  A  cham- 
ber for  a  bed. 

BSd'-elothes,  n.  Sheets, 
blankets,  coverlets,  &c. 

Bed'ding,  n.  Materials  for 
abed.  [trim. 

Be-deck',  v.  t.    To  deck  ;  to 

Be-dew'  (be-diV),  v.  t.  To 
moisten  with  dew. 

BSd'-feHow,  n.  One  lying 
in  the  same  bed. 

Be-dim',  v.  t.     To  make  dim. 

Be-dl'zen  (-dT'zn),  or  Be- 
diz'en  (-diz'n),  v.  t.  To 
adorn  tawdrily. 

Bed'lam,  n.  A  mad-house. 

Bed'lam-ite,  n.  A  madman. 

Bed'-quilt,  n.  A  quilted 
covering  for  a  bed. 


Be-drag'gle,  v.  t.    To  soil. 

Be-drench',  v.  t.  To  soak 
completely  ;  to  drench. 

Bed'rid,  )  a.  Confined  to 

Bed'rid-den,  J      the  bed. 

Bed'room,  n.  A  room  for  a 
bed. 

Bed'sidc,  n.     Side  cf  a  bed. 

Bed'stead,  n.  A  frame  for  a 
bed.  \ 

Bed'tlme,  n.  Usual  hour  of  \ 
going  to  bed. 

Bee  (13),  n.  An  insect  that 
makes  honey. 

Bee'-bread,  n.  The  pollen  of 
(lowers  collected  by  bees. 

Beech,  n.     A  forest-tree. 

Beech'en,  a.  Belonging  to, 
or  made  of,  beech. 

Beef,  n.  The  flesh  of  rn  ox 
or  cow ;  an  animal  of  tho 
ox-kind,  [in  the  latter  sense 
it  has  a/)/.,  Beeves.] 

Beefsteak,  n  A  "slice  of 
beef  for  broiling. 

Bee'-hlve,  n.  A  box  or  case 
for  holding  bees. 

Been  (bin),/?.;?,  of  Be. 

Beer,  n.  A  liquor  made  of 
malt  and  hops.        [by  bees. 

Bees/ -wax,  n.    Wax  secreted 

Beet,  n.    A  garden  vegetable. 

Bee'tle,  n.  A  mallet ;  an  in- 
sect. —  v.  i.     To  hang  dYer. 

Beeves,  n.  pi.  of  Beef.  Cattle. 

Be-fall'  (16),  v.  t.  [imp.  be- 
fell ;  p.  p.  BEFALLEN] 
To  happen  to.  —  v.  i.  To 
happen  ;  to  occur. 

Be-fit',  v.  t.  To  become  ;  suit. 

Be-fit'ting,  a.  Suiting  ;  be- 
coming, [of. 

Be-fobl',  v.  t.   To  make  a  fool 

Be-fore',  pr/p.  In  front  of; 
prior  to  ;  in  presence  of.  — 
adv.  Previously  ;  sooner. 

Be-fore'hand,  ar.'v.  Previous- 
ly.—  a.  Well  provided. 

Be-foul',  v.  t.  To  pollute. 

Be-friend',  e.  t.    To  favor. 

Beg,  v.  t.  To  ask  earnestly  ; 
to  solicit.  —  r.  t.  To  live 
on  alms  ;  to  ask  for  alms. 

Be-g&t',  v.  t.  [imp.  begat  ; 

p.p.  BEGOT,  BEGOTTEN.] 
To  generate  or  produce. 
Beg'gar,  n.     One  who  begs, 
or  who  lives  by  begging.  — 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  ttfok;  Urn,  rue,  pull ;  $,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard;  &<  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  thi3. 


BEGGARLINESS 


40 


BENIGNITY 


v.  t.  To  bring  to  want ;  to 
reduce  to  beggary. 

B&g'gar-li-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  beggarly  ;  meanness. 

B$g'gar-ly,  a.  Very  poor  ; 
mean.  —  adv.    Meanly. 

Beg'gar-y,  n.  Extreme  in- 
digence or  poverty. 

Be-gln',  v.  t.  [imp.  began  ; 
p.  p.  begun.]  To  take  rise  ; 
to  commence ;  to  do  the  first 
act.  [gins. 

Be-gln'ner,  n.     One  who  be- 

Be-gln'ning,  n.  First  cause, 
state,  or  part ;  commence- 
ment. 

Be-gird',  v.t.  [imp.  be  gird- 
ed; p.  p.  BEGIRT.]  To 
surround ;  to  gird. 

Be-g6ne',  interj.  Go  away ! 

£S&»>»- "**«-■ 

Be-grlme',  v.  t.    To  soil. 

Be-grudge',  v.  t.  To  envy 
the  possession  of ;  to  grudge. 

Be-gulle',  v.  t.  To  impose  up- 
on ;  to  deceive  ;  to  amuse. 

Be-gun',  p.  p.  of  Begin. 

Be-half,  n.  Favor ;  cause  ; 
account ;  sake  ;  defense. 

Be-have',  v.  i.  or  t.  To  carry  ; 
to  act ;  to  demean. 

Be-hav'ior,  n.  Manner  of  be- 
having ;  a  course  of  life.  — 
Syn.  Conduct ;  deportment. 

Be-head',  v.  t.  To  cut  off  the 
head  of. 

Bs-held',  imp.  of  Behold. 

Be'he-moth,  n.  A  large  beast 
described  in  Job  xl. 

Be-hest',  n.  A  command  ; 
mandate ;  injunction. 

Be-hlnd',  prep.  At  the  back 
of.  —  adv.  At  or '  towards 
the  rear.  [rears. 

Be-hmd'hand,  adv.    In  ar- 

Be-h51d',  v.  I.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
BEHELD.]  To  see ;  to  look 
at.  — interj.  Lo  !  see! 

Be-hold'en,  a.  Indebted 

Be-hold'er,  n.  One  who  be 
holds ;  a  spectator.       [tage. 

Be-hqpf ,  n.     Profit ;  advan- 

Be-hoove',  V.  t.  To  be  neces- 
sary to ;  to  be  fit  or  meet 
for ;  to  become. 

Be'ing,  n.  Existence;  any 
thing  that  exists. 


Be-la'bor,    •.    t.      To    beat 

soundly. 
Be-late',  v.t.   To  make  late  ; 

to  delay  ;  to  retard,  [layed. 
Be-lat'ed,  a.  Detained  ;  de- 
Be-lay',  v.  t.     To  fasten,  as  a 

rope,  by  winding  it  round 

something. 
Belch,  v.   t.     To  eject  wind 

from  the  stomach. 
Bel'dam,    n.     An    ugly    old 

woman  ;  a  hag.  [siege. 

Be-lea'guer,  v.  t.      To  be- 
BSl'fry  (19),  n.  A  place  where 

bells  are  rung. 
Be-lle',  v.  t.    To  speak  falsely 

of;  to  vilify  ;  to  slander. 
Be-lief,  n.     Credit  given   to 

evidence ;  thing  believed. 
Be-lieve',  v.     To  trust  in  ;  to 

give  credit  to.  [lieves. 

Be-liev'er,  n.    One  who  be- 
Bell(l),  n.  A  sounding  vessel 

of  metal. — v.  i.     To  grow 

like  a  bell.  [night-shade. 
B§l'la-d6n'na,  n.  Deadly 
Belle  (bel),  n.     A  handsome 

young  lady. 
BSlles-let'tres     (bel-let'ter), 

n.  pi.    Polite  literature. 
Bel-lig'er-ent,    a.     Carrying 

on  war. —  n.  One  who  wages 

war. 
Bell'man  (21),  n.    One  who 

rings  a  bell ;  a  crier  of  goods. 
Bell'-met'al  (-mStfl  or  -met'- 

al),  n.     A    composition  of 

which  bells  are  made. 
BSl'low,  t>.  i.     To  roar  like  a 

bull. — n.  An  outcry;  a  roar. 
B&l'lows  (bel'lus),  *  sing.  & 

pi.  A  machine  to  blow  with. 
Bell'-weth/er,    n.     A    sheep 

which    carries    a    bell,  and 

leads  the  flock. 
Bel'ly,  n.    Part  of  the  body 

containing  the  bowels ;  ab- 
domen.—  v.  i.     To  bulge; 

to  project ;  to  swell. 

jABSl'ly-ache,  n.     Pain  in  the 

■In      bowels.  [horse. 

Bel'ly-band.n.  A  girth  for  a 

Be-16ng',  v.    i.      To   be  the 

property  of ;  to  adhere. 
Be-16ved',p.  p.  Greatly  loved. 
Be-l&v'ed  (-luv'ed),  a.  Dear  ; 

much  loved. 
Be-15w',  prep.  Under  In  time 


or  place  ;  beneath  ;  inferior 
to. —  adv.  In  a  lower  place  ; 
beneath  ;  on  earth  ;   in  hell. 

Belt,n.  A  girdle  ;  sash  ;  band. 

Be-mire',  v.  t.  To  sink  or 
drag  in  the  mire. 

Be-moan',  v.  t.     To  lament. 

Bench,  n.  A  long  seat ;  a 
judge's  seat ;  body  of  judges ; 
a  court. 

BSnch'er,  n.  A  senior  in  the 
English  inns  of  court. 

Bend,  v.  t.  &  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
bended,  bent.]  To  crook ; 
to  bow  ;  to  submit.  —  n.  A 
curve  or  flexure. 

Be-neath'  (or  -neeth'),  prep. 
Lower  than  ;  under ;  below. 
—  adv.     In  a  lower  place. 

B3n'e-di€t,    I  n.      A  newly- 

B3n'e-dick,  )    married  man. 

Ben'e-dl-e'tion,  n.  Blessing  ; 
invocation  of  happiness ; 
thanks. 

Ben'e-fae'tion,  n.  Charita- 
ble gift ;  donation. 

Ben'e-f&e'tor,  n.  One  who 
confers  a  benefit. 

BSn'e-fa-c'tress,  n.  She  who 
confers  a  benefit.  [ing. 

BSn'e-fige,  n.    A  church  liv- 

Be-nSfi-genge,  n.  Active 
goodness ;  bounty. 

Be-nef  i-gent,  a.  Delighting 
in  good  works  ;  charitable. 

Ben'e-fi'cial  (-Tfch'al),  a. 
Useful ;  advantageous. 

Ben'e-fi'ci-a-ry  (-iTsh'I-a-), 
n.  One  who  holds  a  bene- 
fice ;  one  benefited  or  as- 
sisted by  another. 

B3n'e-fit,  n.  Advantage ; 
profit  ;  favor  conferred.  — 
v.  t.     To  do  good  to. 

Be-n6v'o-lenge,  n.  Disposi- 
tion to  do  good  ;  good-will  ; 
benignity  ;  kindness. 

Be-nSv'o-lent,  a.  Having 
good  will ;  kind ;  affection- 
ate ;  friendly. 

Be-night'  (-nit'),  v.  t.  To  in- 
volve in  night  or  darkness. 

Be-mgn'f-nTn^a.  Gracious; 
kind  ;  generous  ;  benevolent 

Bc-nig'nant,  a.  Gracious  ; 
kind  ;  favorable. 

Be-nig'ni-ty,  n.  Gracious- 
ness  ;  favor  ;  kindness 


a,  5,1,  o,  u,y}long;  S,e,  l,  o,u,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what;  Ore,  veil,  term  ;  pTque,  firm; 


BENISON 


41 


BICKERING 


Ben'i-son,  n.  A  blessing. 
Bent,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Bend. — 

n.  A  curve  :  tendency. 
Be-numb'  (bc-nfim'),  v.  t.  To 

deprive  of  feeling. 
Ben-zoin',    n.       A  resinous 

juice. 
Be-prai5e',  v.  t.     To  praise 

extravagantly.  [by  will. 

Be-queatb/,  v.  t.      To  give 
Be-quest',  n.    A  legacy  left 

by  will. 
B3-rate',  v.  t.    To  scold. 
Be-reave',  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 

BEREAVED,  BEREFT.]  To 
make,  destitute  ;  to  deprive  ; 
to  take  away  from-        [tion. 

Be-reave'ment,  n.    Dcpriva- 

Be-reft',  imp.  &  p.  p.  of 
Bereave.  [ron. 

B3r'ga-m6t,  n.  A  pear  ;  a  cit- 

Bsr'ry  (19),  n.  Any  small 
pulpy  fruit  containing  seeds. 

B3rth,  n.  A  ship's  station  at 
anchor  ;  a  place  in  a  ship  to 
sleep  in  ;  official  situation. 

Ber'yl,«.  A  greenish  mineral. 

Be-seech',  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
besought.]  To  entreat ; 
to  pray  ;  to  beg ;  to  implore. 

Be-seem',  v.  t.  To  become  ; 
to  befit. 

Be-s6t',  v.  t..  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
BESET.]  To  set  on,  in,  or 
round  ;  to  besiege  ;  to  way- 
lay ;  to  perplex ;  to  harass. 

Be-set'ting,  a.  Habitually 
attending  or  harassing. 

Be-shrew'C-shruO,  v.  t.  To 
wish  a  curse  to ;'  to  execrate. 

Be-side',  prep.  At  the  side 
of ;  out  of ;  over  and  above. 
[In  the  last  sense,  written 
also  besides.] 

Be-sides',  adv.  Over  and 
above.  —  prep.  Over  and 
above  ;  in  addition  to. 

Be-siege',  v.  t.  To  lay  siege 
to  ;  to  beset. 

Be-slSb'ber,  v.  t.  To  smear 
with  spittle  running  from 
the  mouth.  [over. 

Be-smear',  v.   t.    To  smear 

Be'som,  n.  A  brush  of  twigs. 

Be-sot',  v.  t.  To  make  sot- 
tish ;  to  infatuate. 

Be-sought'  (be-sawt'),  imp. 
&  p.  p.  of  Beseech. 


Be-spat'ter,  v.  t.  To  soil  by 
spattering. 

Be-speak',  v.  t.  [imp.  be- 
spoke ;  p.  p.  BESPOKEN] 
To  speak  for  beforehand ;  to 
foretell ;  to  betoken. 

Be-sprmk'le,  v.  t.  To  scatter 
or  sprinkle  over. 

Best,  a. ,  superl.  of  Good.  Most 
good  ;  most  advanced  or 
complete.  —  adv.,  superl.  of 
Well.  In  the  highest  degree. 
—  n.     Utmost. 

Bes'tial  (best'yal),  a.  Be- 
longing to  a  beast ;  brutal ; 
carnal.  [move  quick. 

Be-stir',  v.  t.     To  cause   to 

Be-stow',  v.  t.  To  stow ;  to 
make  use  of;  to  give. 

Be-stow'al,        I  n.     Act  of 

Be-st5w'ment,  j    bestowing. 

Be-strew'  (-strjj'  or  -stro'), 
v.  t.    To  scatter  over. 

Be-strlde',  v.  t.    [imp.  be- 

STRID  or  BESTRODE  ;  p.  p. 
BESTRID,  BESTRIDDEN.] 
To  sit  or  stand  with  the  legs 
extended  across. 

B3t,  n.  A  wager;  stake. — v. 
t.  [imp.  Sep.  p.  BETTED.] 
To  lay  a  wager. 

Be-take',  v.  t.  [imp.  be- 
took ;'  p.  p.  BETAKEN.] 
To  have  recourse  ;  to  apply. 

Be'tel  (bo'tl),  n.  A  species  of 
pepper  in  the  East  Indies. 

Be-think',  v.  t.  &  t;  [imp. 
bethought.]  To  reflect ; 
to  recollect ;  to  consider. 

Be-tide',  v.  To  befall ;  to  oc- 
cur ;  to  happen  to. 

Be-time',    \adv.      In   good 

Be-times/,  J      time  ;  early. 

Be-to'keri,  v.  t.    To  signify. 

Be-t6t)k',  imp.  of  Betake. 

Be-tray',  v.  t.  To  give  up  or 
disclose  treacherously  ;  to 
indicate. 

Be-tray'al,  n.  Act  of  betray- 
ing ;  breach  of  trust. 

Be-tr6th',  v.  t.  To  pledge 
marriage  to.  [marriage. 

Be-troth'al,  n.     Contract  of 

Bet'ter,  a.,  compar.  of  Good. 
More  good  ;  superior.  —  v. 
t.  To  make  better.  —  Syn. 
To  improve ;  mend ;  ad- 
vance. 


Bet'ter-ment,  n.  Improve- 
ment. 

Bet'ters,  n.  pi.     Superiors. 

Bet'ty,«.  A  burglar's  instru- 
ment to  break  open  doors. 

Be-tween',  I  prep.      In  the 

Be-twixt',   j      middle. 

Bev'el  (8),  n. 
Slant  of  a  sur- 
face ;  a  kind  of 
square  used  by 
masons,  &c. —  Bevel. 
v.  t.    To  cut  to  a  bevel. 

Bev'er-age,  n.  Liquor  for 
drinking.  [company. 

Bev'y,  n.    A  flock  of  birds ;  a 

Be-wail',  v.  t.  To  lament; 
to  grieve  for. 

Be-ware',i'.  i.  To  be  cautious. 

Be-wfl/der,  v.t.  To  puzzle  ; 
to  perplex. 

Be-witch',  v.  t.  To  charm  ; 
to  fascinate  ;  to  enchant. 

Be-witch'ing,  a.  Having 
power  to  charm  ;  fascinat- 
ing, [ernor. 

Bey(ba),  n.    A  Turkish  gov- 

Be-yond',  prep.  On  the  fur- 
ther side  of.  —  adv.  At  a, 
distance. 

Bez'el,  n.  The  part  of  a  ring 
in  which  the  stone  is  set. 

Bl'as,  n.  Weight  on  one  side ; 
partiality;  propensity.  —  v. 
t.  (8)  To  incline  to  one  side. 

Bib,  n.  A  cloth  worn  by 
children  under  the  chin. 

Bib'ber,  n.     A  drinker. 

Bl'ble,  n.  The  book  that  con  - 
tains  the  sacred  Scriptures. 

Bib'li-cal,  a.  Relating  to  the 
Bible. 

Blb'li-og'ra-pher,  n.  One 
versed  in  bibliography. 

Bib'li-o-graph'ie-al,  a.  Per- 
taining to  a  description  of 
books. 

Bnyii-Sg'ra-phy,  n.  A  his-  , 
tory  or  account  of  books. 

Bib'li-o-ma'ni-a-c,  n.  One 
who  has  a  rage  for  books. 

Bib'u-lous,  a.  Apt  to  imbibe. 

Bl-geph'a-lous,  a.  Having 
two  heads. 

Bick'er,  v.  i.  To  contend 
petulantly  about  trifles. 

Bick'er-ing,  n.  Petulant  con- 
tention. 


s6n,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tobk ;  flrn,  nje,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  €,  g,  hard;  as ;  exist ;  c  as  ng ;  tiiis. 


BID 


42 


BITING 


Bid,  v.  t.  [prel.  BID,  BADE  ; 
p.  p.  BID,  bidden.]  To  of- 
fer ;  to  command  ;  to  order. 
—  n.  An  offer  of  a  price. 

Bid'den  ( bid'dn ),  p.  p.  of  Bid. 

Bui 'ding,  n.  An  invitation  ; 
command  ;  offer  of  price. 

Bide,  v.  t.  To  dwell.  —  v.  i. 
To  endure ;  to  wait  for. 

B7-en'ni-al,  a.  Happening 
every  two  years  ;  continuing 
for  two  years.         [the  dead. 

Bier,  n.     A  carriage  to  bear 

Bl-fa'ri-ous,  «•    In  two  rows. 

Bl'fid,  a.  Opening  with  a 
cleft. 

Bl'form,  a.  Having  two  forms. 

Bl-fur'-eate,      \  a.      Having 

Bl-fur'ea-ted,  J  two  forks 
or  branches. 

Bl/fur-ea'tion,  n.  A  forking 
into  two  branches. 

Big,  a.  Large;  great;  huge; 
swollen  ;  pregnant. 

Big'a-mist,  n.  One  who  has 
two  wives  or  two  husbands 
at  the  same  time. 

Big'a-my,  n.  Crime  of  hav- 
ing two  wives  or  two  hus- 
bands at  once.  [vessel. 

Big'gin,  n.    A  small  wooden 

Bight  (bit),  n.  Bend  in  a  sea- 
coast  ;  bend  or  coil  of  a  rope. 

Big'ness,  n.     Size  ;  bulk. 

Big'ot,  n.  One  unreasonably 
devoted  to  a  partv  or  creed. 

Big'ot-ed  (8),  a.    illiberal. 

Big'ot- ry,  n.  Excessive  prej- 
udice ;  blind  zeal. 

Bil'ber-ry,  n.  A  shrub,  and 
its  fruit. 

Bil'bo,  n.     A  rapier  ;  sword. 

Bil'boes  (18),  n.  vl.  A  kind  of 
stocks' for  the  feet.       [liver. 

Bile,  n.  A  fluid  secreted  by  the 

Bilge,  n.  The  protuberant 
part  of  a  cask  ;  broadest 
part  of  a  ship's  bottom. — 
r.  r.  To  leak  from  fracture 
in  the  bilge. 

Bilge'-wa/ter,  n.  Offensive 
water  iri'a  ship's  hold. 

Bil'ia-ry,  «.  Belonging  to, 
or  partaking  of,  the  bile. 

BI-Hn'gual,  a.  Having  or 
speaking  two  languages. 

BIl'ious(bTl'yus),  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  bile. 


Bilk,  i\  t.  To  defraud;  to 
deceive. 

Bill,  n.  Beak  of  a  bird ;  an 
account ;  a  note  ;  draft  of  a 
law  or  act.  —  v.     To  caress. 

Bll'let,  n.  A  small  note  or 
letter;  a  stick  of  wood. — 
v.  t.  To  quarter,  as  soldiers 
in  private  houses. 

Billet-doux  (bil'le-doo'),  n. 
A  love-letter. 

Bill'iardg,  n.  pi.  A  game 
played  on  a  kind  of  table 
with  balls  and  sticks. 

Bill'ingg-gate,  n.  Foul  lan- 
guage. 

Blll'ion  (btl'yun),  n.  In  Ens;. 
a  million  of  millions ;  in 
Amer.  a  thousand  millions. 

Bil'low,   n.    A  large  wave. 

Bil'low-y,  a.  Swelling  like 
a  wave.  [commodity. 

Bin,  n.     A  repository  for  any 

Bl'na-ry,  a.  Composed  of  two. 

Bl'nate,  a.   Being  in  couples. 

Bind,  v.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  &  p.p. 
BOUND.]  To  tie;  to  con- 
fine; to  restrain:  to  oblige 
by  kindness ;  to  confirm  ;  to 
form  a  border  round  ;  to 
make  costive.  —  v.  i.  To  be- 
come contracted  ;  to  be  ob- 
ligatory. 

BInd'er,  n.  One  who  binds 
books.  [ing  books. 

BInd'er-y,  n.  Tlace  for  bind- 

BInd'ing,   n.      A 
cover  of  a  book. 

BIn'na-ele,  n.  Com- 
pass-box of  a  ship. 

BI-noe'u-lar,  a. 
Having  two  eyes. 

BI-no'mi-al,  a.  Hav- 
ing two  names. 

Bl-dg'ra-pher,  n.  A 
writer  of  biog- 
raphy. Binnacle. 

BFo-graph'i-e-al.fl.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  history  of  a  per- 
son's life. 

BI-6g'ra-phy,  n.  A  history 
of  one's  life  and  character. 

BI-61'o-gy,  n.    Science  of  life. 

Bl-par'tlte,  or  Bip'ar-tlte, 
a.  Capable  of  being  divided 
into  two  parts. 

Bl/par-ti'tion  (-ttsh'un),  n. 
Division  into  two  parts. 


Bi'ped,  n.  An  animal  having 
only  two  feet. 

Bl-quad'rate,  v.  The  fourth 
power;  square  of  a  square. 

Bi'quad-rat'i-e,  a.  Belating 
to  the  fourth  power  of  a 
quantity.  [species. 

Birch,  n.     A  tree  of  several 

Birch'en,  a.     Made  of  birch. 

Bird,  n.  A  feathered,  flying 
animal.  [keep  birds  in. 

BIrd'-eage,   n.    A    cage    to 

BIrd's'-eye,  a.  Seen  as  if  by 
a  flj  ing  bird  above. 

BIrd'-lIme,  n.  A  glutinous 
substance  to  catch  birds. 

Birth,  n.  The  act  of  coming 
into  life;  lineage;  origin. 

BIrth'day,  n.  Day,  or  anni- 
versary of  the  day.  of  one's 
birth.  [one  is  born. 

Birth'- plage,  n.  Place  where 

Birth'- right  (-rit),  n.  The 
right  or  privilege  to  which 
one  is  born. 

Bis'-euit  (-kit),  n.  A  kind  of 
small  baked  cake. 

Bl-seet',  v.  t.  To  divide  into 
two  (usually  equal)  parts. 

Bl-se-e'ticn,  n.  A  division 
into  two  equal  parts. 

Bl-seg'ment,  w.  One  of  the 
parts  of  any  thir.fr  bisected. 

Blsh'op,  n.  Head  of  a  diocese. 

Bish'cp-ri-e,  n.  Jurisdiction 
of  a  bishop  ;  a  diocese. 

BIg'muth,  n.  A  reddish- 
white  metal. 

Bl'son  (or  b\>- 
sn),  n.  A 
North  Ameri- 
can quadra-  — 
ped,  —  popu- 
larly called 
birjf'a'o. 

BiS-sex'tile,  n.     Leap-year. 

Bis'ter,  I  n.     A  brown   paint 

B^'tre,  )      made  of  soot. 

Bit,  n.  The  iron  mouth- 
piece of  a  bridle  ;  a  morsel; 
a  boring-tool. 

Bitch,  n.     A  she-dog. 

Bite,  v.  t.  [imp.  BIT;  p.  p. 
bitten.]  To  seize  or  crush 
with  the  teeth  :  to  cheat;  to 
trick.  —  «.    Act  of  biting. 

BIt'ing  (11),  a.  Sharp;  se- 
vere ;  sarcastic ;  caustic. 


a,  5,1,  o,  u,  y,  lon'j;  5,  c,  I,  o, Q,  y,  short;  care, car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  vcjil,  term  ;  pYque,  firm  : 


BITTEN 


43 


BLISTER 


Bit'ten  (blt'tn),/?.  p.  of  Bite. 

BIt'ter,  a.  Having  a  peculiar, 
acrid,  biting  taste  ;  sharp  ; 
severe;  afflictive. 

Bit'tern,  n.  A  wading-bird 
allied  to  the  heron. 

Bit'ter-ness,  n.  A  bitter 
taste.  [drink. 

Bil'ters.    ft.    pi-       A    bitter 

Bl-tu'men,  n.  An  inflarunia- 
ble  substance  of  a  strong 
smell.  [bitumen. 

Bi-tu'mi-nous,  <%.  Containing 

BI'valve,  ft.  That  which  has 
two  valves.  [valves. 

BT-valv'u-lar.  a.  Having  two 

Biv'ouae  (blv'wak),  v.  i.  To 
be  on  watch  all  night,  as  an 
army.  —  ft.  A  watching  by 
night,  as  of  a  whdle  army. 
/Blab,  v.  To  tell  a  secret;  to 
tattle.  —  n.    A  tell-tale. 

Black,  a.  Destitute  of  light ; 
very  dark  ;  cloudy  ;  dismal. 
—  n.  A  negro ;  the  darkest 
of  colors.  —  v.  t.  To  make 
black  ;  to  blacken. 

Black'a-moor,  n.  A  negro, 
i  '  ^Black'-art,  n.  Magic. 
1  Black'ball,  n.  A  composition 
for  blackening  shoes  ;  a  ball 
of  black  color  used  as  a  neg- 
ative in  voting. — v.  t.  To 
reject  by  black  ballots. 

Black'b§r-ry,  n.  The  berry 
of  the  bramble. 

Black'blrd,  n.  A  kind  of 
singing  bird  of  a  black  color. 

Black'board,  n.  A  board 
painted  black  used  for  writ- 
ing on  with  chalk. 

Black'-eat'tle,  n.  pi.  Oxen, 
cows,  &c,  of  any  color. 

Black'en,  t*.  To  make  or  grow 
black  ;  to  defame. 

Black'guard  (blag'gard),  n. 
A  person  who  uses  foul  lan- 
guage, [black. 

Black'ish,     a.        Somewhat 

Black'-lead,  ft.  A  mineral ; 
plumbago. 

Black'leg,  n.  A  notorious 
gambler  and  cheat ;  sharper. 

Black'-let'ter,  n.  The  old 
English  letter  or  character. 

Black'ness,  n.  A  black 
color,      [who  works  in  iron. 

Black'smith.  n.      A    smith 


Black'th6rn,  n.  A  spiny 
plant  used  for  hedges. 

Blad'der,  ft.  A  vessel  in  the 
body  containing  some  liquid, 
as  the  urine. 

Blade,  n.  A  spire  of  grass  ; 
cutting  part  of  an  instru- 
ment ;  flat  part  of  an  oar. 

Blain,  n.    A  blister;  blotch. 

Blam'a-ble  (11), «.  Deserving 
blame ;  culpable  ;  faulty. 

Blame,  v.  t.  To  censure  ;  to 
charge  with  a  fault.  —  n. 
Expression  of  disapproba- 
tion;  imputation  of  a  fault. 

Blame'less,  a.  Without 
blame. 

Blame'wor-tliy  (-wfir'thy), 
a.  Deserving  blame  ;  cen- 
surable. 

Blanch,  v.  To  whiten  ;  to  peel. 

Bianc-mange'(blo-monj'),  n. 
A  preparation  of  isinglass, 
milk,  sugar,  &c,  boiled. 

Bland,  a.  Courteous  ;  mild  ; 
soft :  gentle. 

Bland'ish,  v.  t.  To  smooth  ; 
to  soften ;  to  caress. 

Bland'ish-ment,  ft.  Soothing 
words ;  artful  caresses. 

Blank,  a.  White  ;  pale  ;  un- 
written ;  without  rhyme.  — 
n.    Any  void  space. 

Blank'et,  n.  A  woolen  cov- 
ering for  a  bed. 

Blar'ney,  n.  Smooth,  deceit- 
ful talk;  flattery. 

Blas-pheme',  v.  t.  To  speak 
impiously  of,  as  of  God.  — 
v.  i.    To  utter  blasphemy. 

Blas'phe-mous,  a.  Contain- 
ing blasphemy. 

Blas'phe-my,  n.  Language 
uttered  impiously  agaiust 
God  or  sacred  things. 

Blast,  7i.  A  destructive  wind  ; 
a  forcible  stream  of  air ; 
blight;  explosion  of  powder. 
—  v.  t.  To  cause  to  wither  ; 
to  split  with  powder;  to 
injure.  [calf. 

Bla/tant,  a.     Bellowing,  as  a 

Bla^ft,  r.  i.  To  shine  or  burn 
with  flame.  —  v.  t.  To  make 
public.  —  n.     A  flame. 

Bla'zon  ( bla'zn ),  v.  t .  To  dis- 
play with  ostentation.  —  n. 
The  art  of  heraldry  ;  show. 


Bla'zon-ry,  n.  The  art  of 
describing  coats  of  arms. 

Bleach,v.  t.  or  i.  To  whiten. 

Bleach'er-y,  n.  A  place  for 
bleaching.  [less. 

Bleak,  a.  Open;  cold;  clieer- 

Biear,  a.  Dim  or  sore  with 
rheum. 

Blear '-ey^ed  (-Id),  a.  Having 
eyes  dim  with  rheum. 

Bleat,  v.  To  cry  like  a  sheep. 

Bleat,  )  n.     Tho  cry  of  a 

Bieat'ing,  j     sheep  or  lamb. 

Bleed,  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
bled.]    To  let  blood. 

Blem'ish,  v.  t.  To  disfigure  ; 
to  tarnish  ;  to  defame.  —  n. 
Mark  of  deformity ;  dis- 
grace ;  taint.  *  [flinch. 

Blench,  v.  t.    To  shrink;  to 

Blend,  v.  t.  To  confound  in 
a  mass  ;  to  mingle  together. 

Bless,  v.  t.     [imp.  &  p.  p. 

BLESSED  or  BLEST. j  To 
make  happy  ;  to  wish  hap- 
piness to  ;  to  praise.         [ly. 

BISss'ed,  a.    Happy  ;  heavcn- 

Bless'ing,  n.  Divine  favor  ; 
benediction. 

Blest,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Bless. 

Blew  (blu)  imp.  of  Blow, 

Blight  (but), n.  A  disease; 
mildew  ;  decay.  —  v.  t.  To 
affect  with  blight  ;  to  blast. 

Blind,  a.  Destitute  of  sight  ; 
dark;  obscure.  —  v.  t.  To 
prevent  from  seeing ;  to 
darken.  — ft.  Any  thing  that 
intercepts  the  sight. 

Bllnd'fold,  a.  Having  the 
eyes  covered.  —  v.  t.  To 
cover  the  eyes  of. 

Blmd'-man's-buff/,  n.  A 
kind  of  game,      [ignorance. 

Bllnd'ne'ss,  n.  Want  of  sight ; 

Biind'-side,?!.  The  side  most 
assailable  ;  foible  ;  weakness. 

Blink,  v.  i.  To  wink  ;  to  see 
darkly.  — v.  t.  To  avoid  ;  to 
evade. — n.  Glimpse ;  glance  ; 
a  dazzling  whiteness. 

Bliss,  ft.  The  highest  happi- 
ness ;  felicity.  [blessed. 

Bliss'ful  (17),  ft.  Very  happy  ; 

Blis'ter,  n.  A  thin  watery 
bladder  on  the  skin.  —  v.  t. 
To  raise  blisters  upon. —  V.  i. 
To  rise  in  blisters. 


aon,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  tdbk ;  flrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  €,  g,  hard ;  ag  ;  exUt ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


BLITHE 


44 


BOIL 


Blithe,  )  a.  Gay  ;  mer- 

Bhthe's&me,  J    ry  ;  joyous. 

Bloat,  v.  t.  To  cause  to 
swell.  —  v.  i.     To  puff  up. 

Bloat'ed,  a.   Puffed ;  swelled. 

Block,  n.  A  piece  of  wood, 
stone,  &c.  ;  a  pulley. — v.  t. 
To  shut  or  stop  up. 

B16ck-ade',  n.  The  shutting 
up  of  a  place  by  troops  or 
ships.  — v.  t.  To  surround 
with  a  force ;  to  shut  up. 

BISck'head,  n.  A  person  of 
dull  intellect,  [wooden  fort. 

Block'-house,  n.    A  sort  of 

B16ck'ish,  a.     Stupid. 

Blood  (bltid),  n.  The  red 
fluid  which  circulates  in  an- 
imals ;  kindred  ;  race ;  life. 

Blood'-guilt'i-ness,  n.  Guilt 
of  shedding  blood  unlaw- 
fully. 

Blood'-hgat,  n.  Heat  of  the 
same  degree  as  the_blood. 

Blood'-hound, 
n.  A  ferocious 
kind  of  dog.    Jjj 

Blood'less,  a. 
Without  blood.  Blood-hound. 

Blood'shed,  n.     Slaughter. 

Blood'shot,  a.  Red  and  in- 
flamed with  blood. 

Blood'-suck'er,  n.  A  leech  ; 
a  cruel  man.  [blood. 

Bloocl'-thirst'y,  a.  Eager  for 

Blood'-ves'sel,  n.  An  artery 
or  vein.  [blood. 

Blqod'y,    a.      Stained    with 

Bloom,  n.  Blossom ;  flower  ; 
the  flush  on  the  cheek;  a 
mass  of  crude  iron. — v.  t. 
To  yield  blossoms. 

Bldbm'ing,  a.  Thriving  with 
youth,  health, and  beauty. 

Bloom'y,  a.     Full  of  bloom. 

B-63'som,  n.  The  flower  of  a 
plant.  — v.i.  To  put  forth 
blossoms. 

Blot  (7),  v.  t.  To  stain;  to 
spot;   to  efface. — n.    Spot. 

Blotch,  n.  An  inflamed  spot 
on  the  skin. — v.  t.  To 
mark  with  spots. 

B"6t'ter,  v.     A  waste-book. 

Blouse,    )  n.      A  light,    loose 

Blowse,  i      outer  garment. 

Blow*  rt.  A  stroke;  calam- 
ity i  egg  of  ally. — v.  t.  [imp. 


blew;  p.  p.  BLOWN.]  To 
make  a  current  of  air  ;  to 
pant;  to  puff;  to  breathe; 
to  blossom.  — v.  t.  To  drive 
by  a  current  of  air  ;  to  de- 
posit, as  flies  their  eggs. 

Blow'er,  n.  A  plate  of  iron 
to  increase  a  current  of  air. 

Blow'-pipe,  n.  A  tube  by 
which  a  current  of  air  is 
forced  through  flame  upon 
any  substance. 

Blowze,  n.     A  ruddy  woman. 

Blow'zy,  a.     Ruddy  and  fat. 

Blub'ber,  n.  Fat  of  whales. 
— 1>.  i.  To  weep  so  as  to 
swell  the  cheeks.  [club. 

Blud'geon,  n.  A  short,  thick 

Blue,  a.  Of  a  color  called 
blue.  —  n .  One  of  the  seven 
primary  colors. — p.  t.  To 
dye,  stain,  or  make  blue. 

Blueg,  n.  pi.  Lowness  of 
spirits.  [ary  lady. 

Blue'-st5ck/ing,  n.  A  liter- 
Bluff,  a.  Roughly  frank  ; 
steep  ;  bold.  —  n.  A  steep 
bank  overhanging  the  sea  or 
a  river.  [degree. 

Blu'ish,  a.     Blue  in  a  small 

Blun'der,  v.  i.  To  mistake 
grossly.  —  n.  A  gross  mis- 
take. —  Syn.     Error ;  bull 

Blun'der-buss,  n.  A  short 
gun  with  large  bore. 

Blun'der-hcad,  n.  A  stupid 
person. 

Blunt,  a.  Dull  on  the  edge 
or  point ;  rough  ;  rude ; 
abrupt.  —  v.  t.  To  dull ; 
to  depress  ;  to  weaken. 

Blunt'ly,  adv.  In  a  blunt 
manner. 

Blur,  n.  A  blot;  spot ;  stain. 
—  v.  t.  (7)  To  obscure 
without  quite  effacing;  to 
stain;  to  spot.       [vertently. 

Blurt,  v.  t.     To   utter  inail- 

Blush,  v.  i.  To  redden  in  the 
face.  —  n.  A  sudden  red- 
dening of  the  cheeks. 

Blush'ing,  n.  Act  of  turning 
red.  — a.     Reddish. 

Blus'ter{8),r.  ('.  To  roar;  to 
boast ;  to  bully.  —  n.  A 
roar  ;  tumult ;  swagger. 

Bliis'ter-ing,  n.  Tumult ; 
noiso ;  boasting. 


Bo'a  (18),  n.  The  largest 
kind  of  serpent,  —  often 
called  Boa  constrictor ;  a 
tippet. 

Boar,  n.     A  male  swine. 

Board,  n.  A  piece  of  timber 
sawed  thin  and  broad ;  a 
table  ;  food;  a  council ;  deck 
of  a  ship.  —  v.  t.  To  lay 
with  boards ;  to  enter  by 
force,  as  a  ship  ;  to  feed.  — 
v.  i.     To  receive  food. 

Board'er,  n.  One  who  boards. 

Board'mg-sehool,  n.  A 
school  where  the  pupils 
board  with  the  teacher. 

Boast,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  talk  os- 
tentatiously ;  to  vaunt.  —  n. 
A  vaunting  speech. 

Boast'ful,  a.  Given  to  boast- 
ing ;  vainglorious. 

B5at,r».     A  small  open  vessel. 

Boat'man  (21),  n.  One  who 
manages  a  boat. 

Boat'swain  (bo'sn),  n.  An 
officer  in  a  ship,  who  has 
charge  of  boats,  rigging,  &c. 

B5b,'n.  Any  thing  that  plays 
loosely,  as  at  the  end  of  a 
string. 

BSb'bin,  n.  A  small  pin  on 
which  thread  is  wound  for 
making  lace. 

Bob'tail,  n.     A  short  tail. 

Bock'ing,  n.  A  kind  of  baize. 

Bode,  v.  t.  To  presage. — v.i. 
To  be  an  omen. 

Bdd'ige,  or  Bod'dice,  n.  A 
sort  of  stays  ;  corset. 

Bod'i-ly  (13),  a.  Relating  to 
the  body. 

Bod'kin,  n.  An  instrument 
for  making  holes ;  a  dagger, 

Bod'y,  n.  The  whole  trunk 
of  an  animal  ;  person  ;  main 
part ;  bulk  ;  mass  ;  system. 

—  v.  t.     To  give  a  body  or 
form  to.  [the  person. 

B6d'y-guard,  n.  A  guard  of 

Bo^,  n.     A  fen  or  morass. 

Bog'gle,  v.i.  &t.  To  hesi- 
tate from  fear  of  difficulties. 

BSg'gy,  "•  Marshy  ;  swampy. 

Bo-hea',  n.  A  coarse  kind  of 
black  tea. 

Boil,  n.  A  sore  swelling.  —  v. 
i.    To  bubble  through  heat. 

—  r.  t.    To  cause  to  boil. 


o,  u,y, long ;  a,  C,  T,  »,Q,y,  short;  care, car, ask,  all,  what;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pique ,  firm 


BOILER 


45 


BOUND 


e  pill. 


Boil'er,  n.  A  vessel  for  boil- 
ing. >    [noisy. 

Bois'ter-ous,    a.       Violent ; 

Bold,  a.  Having  or  requiring 
courage.  —  Syn.  Coura- 
geous ;  brave ;  valiant. 

Bold'ness,  n.  Courage  ;  con- 
fidence ;  impudence. 

Bole.n.  Stem  of  a  tree;  a 
kind  of  fine  clay. 

Boll,  n.   A  pod;  a  seed-vessel. 

—  v.   i.      To   form    into  a 
round  pod. 

B51'ster,  n.  A  long  pillow.  — 
r.  t.     To  pad  ;  to  support. 

B51t,  n.    Bar  for  'fastening  ; 

an    arrow  ;     lightning  ;     a 

'     piece  of  canvas  of  33  yards. 

—  v.t.     To  fasten;  to  sift. 

—  v.  i.   To  leave  suddenly  ; 
to  swallow  hastily. 

Bolt'er,  n.  A  sieve  to  sepa- 
rate flour  from  bran. 

B5'lus,  n.  A  large  pill 
i  'Bomb  (bam), 
*  "An  iron  shell  to 
be  filled  with 
powder  and  dis 
charged  from  a 
mortar.  Bomb. 

Bom-bard',  v.  t.  To  attack 
with  bombs. 

Bom'bar-dier',  n.  One  who 
serves  a  mortar. 

Eom-bard'ment,  n.  An  at- 
tack with  bombs. 

Bom'ba-si'ne',  I  n.    A  slight 

Bom'ba-zine',  (  twilled  stuff. 

Bom'bast      (bQnVbast),      n. 
*    High  sounding  language. 

Bom'bast,        )  a.  Consisting 

Bom-bast'ie,  J  of  swelling 
words.  [woolen  stuff. 

Bom'ba-zgtte',    n.      A  thin 

Bomb'-ketch  (bum'-),  n.  A 
ship  to  carry  bombs. 

Bond,  n.  Any  thing  that 
binds ;  cord  ;  chain  ;  un- 
ion ;  an  obligation  in  writ- 
ing.—  v.t.  To  secure  by 
bond.  —  a.  In  a  -servile 
state ;  captive. 

BSnd'age,  n.  Slavery  ;  cap- 
tivity. _  [slave. 

Bond'maid,  n.      A    woman 

Bond'man,  n.  ■  A  man  slave. 

Bond'-serv'ant,  n.    A  slave. 

B6nd§'man    (21),    n.      One 


bound  as  surety  for  an- 
other, [slave. 

B6nd'W0m-an,  n.     A  female 

Bone,  n.  Solid  frame  of  an  an- 
imal,  or  a  piece  of  this  frame. 

B6n'fire,«.  A  triumphal  tire. 

Bon-mot'  (bong-mo'),  n.  A 
witty  speech  ;  a  jest. 

BSn'net,  n.  A  covering  for 
the  head.  [ry  ;  gay. 

B6n'ny,a.    Handsome;  mer- 

Bo'nus,  n.  A  premium,  as  on 
a  loan  or  other  privilege. 

Bo_'ny,  a.     Pull  of  bones. 

Boo'by,  11.    A  dunce  ;  a  bird. 

Book,  n.  A  volume;  a  work, 
or  a  definite  part  of  a  work. 

—  f.  t.  To  enter  in  a  book. 
Bdbk'-blnd'er,  n.     One  who 

binds  books.  [books. 

Bdbk'-ease,    n.      A   case  for 
Bdbk'ish,  a.     Much  given  to 

books  or  study. 
Bdok'-keep'er,  n,     A  keeper 

of  account-books. 
Bdok'-keep'ing,     n.        The 

keeping  of  accounts. 
Bdbk'-selPer,   n.     One  who 

sells  books,  [close  student. 
Bdbk'worm  (-wQrm),  n.  A 
Boom,  ii.     A  spar  to  extend 

the  bottom  of  a  sail ;  a  bar 

across  a  river  or  harbor.  — 

v.  i.     To  rush  and  roar. 
Bo"bn,  a.     Gay  ;  merry  ;  kind. 

—  n.  A  gift ;  present; 
grant ;  favor.  [man. 

Bdbr,  ii.    A  clown  ;  country- 

Bdbr'ish,  a.  Clownish  ;  rustic. 

Bojo'sy,  a.  Tipsy  ;  intoxicated. 

BootTf.  t.  To  profit;  to  put  on 
boots.  —  n.  Profit ;  a  cover- 
ing for  the  leg  and  foot ; 
part  of  a  coach. 

Bdbt-ee',  n.    A  short  boot. 

Bo~bth,  n.  A  temporary  shel- 
ter of  slight  construction. 

Boot'-jack,  n.  An  instru- 
ment for  pulling  off  boots. 

Bcbt'lcss,  a.      Unprofitable. 

Bdbt'-tree,  ».  A  sort  of  last 
to.  shape  a  boot  on. 

Bdbt'y,  n.    Pillage  ;  plunder. 

Bo'rax,  n.  A  compound  of 
a  certain  acid  and  soda. 

Bor'der,  n.  An  edge  :  bound- 
ary. —  v.  t.  To  adorn  with 
a  border. — v.  i.     To  make 


a  border ;  to  be  near  or  con- 
tiguous. 

Bore,  v.  t.  To  make  a  hole 
in  ;  to  pierce  ;  to  weary. — 
n.  A  hole  made  by  boring  ; 
a  tiresome  person. 

Bore,  imp.  of  Bear. 

Bo're-as,«.  The  north  wind. 

Born,  p.  p.  of  Bear.  Brought 
forth. 

Borne,  p.  p.  of  Bear.  Carried. 

Bor'cugh  (bur'6),  n.  A  cor- 
poration-town. 

Bor'row,  t>.  *.  To  take  the 
use  of  for  a  time. 

Bdss,  11.     A  stud  ;  a  knob. 

Bo'somtboljz'um), n.  Breast; 
heart ;  any  receptacle.  —  v. 
t.  To  conceal ;  to  inclose. 

Bo-tan'i-e,       )  a.       Relating 

Eo-tan'i-e-al, )      to  plants. 

B6t'a-nist,n.  A  person  who  is 
skilled  in  plants. 

Bot'a-nlze,  v.  i.  To  6tudy 
plants. 

B6t'a-ny,  n.  Science  that 
treats  of  plants. 

BStch,  n.  Swelling;  pustule; 
work  ill-finished. — v.t.  To 
mend  clumsily.       [botches. 

Botch'y,   a.      Covered    with 

Beth,  a.  The  one  and  the 
other  ;  the  two.  [Used  also 
as  a  pron.  and  a  covj.] 

Both'er,  v.t.    To  perplex. 

Bots,  ii.  pi.  Small  worms  in 
the  intestines  of  horses. 

B6t'tle,  n.  A  narrow-mouthed 
vessel  for  liquor.  — v.  t.  To 
put  into  bottles. 

Bot'tom,  n.  The  lowest  part; 
the  ground  under  water  ; 
foundation  ;  a  valley  ;  dregs  ; 
a  ship.  -        [bottom. 

Bot'tom-less,  a.     Without  a 

B6t'tom-ry,  n.  The  act  of 
borrowing  money  on  a  ship. 

Bpu'doir  (bciydwor),  n.  A 
small  private  apartment. 

Bough  (tou), n.     A  branch. 

Bought  (bawt),  imp.  &  p.  p. 
of^Buy.     Purchased. 

Bounge,  t».  i.  To  leap  ;  to 
spring.  —  n.  A  leap  ;  sud- 
den noise ;  a  boast. 

Bound,  v.  t.  To  limit ;  to  re- 
strain ;  to  inclose.  —  v.  i. 
To   spring;     to  jump.  —  a. 


s6n,  or,  dp,  wolf,  to~o,  took  ;  flrn,  rye,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  -c,  g,  hard ;  a^  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


BOUNDARY 

Destined  ;  going  to.  — n.    A 
barrier  ;  limit :  leap. 
Bound'a-ry,    n.      A    limit ; 

mark  ;  barrier. 

Bound'en,  a.  Required  ;  ne- 
cessary,       [without  bouud. 

Bound'iess,  a.      Unlimited  ; 

Boun'te-ous,  a.  Liberal.; 
kind  ;   bountiful. 

Boun'ti-ful  (13,  17),  a.  Lib- 
eral ;  generous. 

Boun'ty,  n.  Liberality  in 
giving;  generosity  ;  munifi- 
cence ;  a  premium. 

Bpu-quet'  (b:7o-ka'),  n.  A 
bunch  of  flowers ;  a  nosegay. 

Bour-geois'  (bur-jois'),  n.  A 
kind  of  printing  type. 

1^"  Bourgeois  type. 

Bourn,  n.    Abound;  limit. 

Bourse,  n.  A  French  Ex- 
change. 

Bout,  n.  A  turn  ;  trial ;  essay. 

Bo'vine,  a.  Relating  to  cattle. 

Bow  (bou),  v.  To  beud  down. 
—  n.  Act  of  reverence  or 
respect;  rounding  part  of  a 
ship's  side  forward. 

Bow,  n.  An  instrument  to 
shoot  arrows  ;  any  thing 
curved.  [bowels  of. 

Bow'el,  v.  t.    To  take  out  the 

Bow'el§,«.7?/.  The  intestines ; 
entrails. 

Bow'er,  n.  An  arbor;  anchor 
at  the  bow. 

Bow'er-y,  a.  Full  of  bow- 
ers ;  shady. 

Bow'ie-knlfe  (bo'e-nTf),  ». 
A  long  knife  or  dagger. 

B3wl,  n.  A  deep  vessel ;  a 
round  ball  of  wood.  —  v.  t. 
To  roll  along  as  a  bowl.  — 
v.  i.     To  play  at  bowls. 

Bow'-legged,  a.  Having 
crooked  legs.  [of  rock. 

Bowl'der,  n.  A  roundish  mass 

Bow'lme,  n.  A  rope  to  hold 
a  sail  to  the  wind. 

Bowl'ing-aWey,  n.  A  place 
to  play  at  bowls. 

Bowl'ing-green,  n.  A  green 
for  bowlers. 

Bow'man  (21), ».  An  archer. 

Bow'sprit,  n.  A  spar  project- 
ing from  a  ship's  head. 

Bow'string,  n.    A  string  for 


46 

a  bow  ;  a  Turkish  punish- 
ment, [ing  window. 

Bow'-wm'dow,  n.  A  project- 
Box,  n.  A  tree;  a  wooden 
case  ;  a  blow  on  the  ear  ;  a 
plant  ;  a  driver's  seat.  —  v. 
To  put  in  a  box  ;  to  strike. 

Box'er,  n.  One  who  fights 
with  the  fists  ;  a  pugilist. 

Boy,  n.    A  male  child  ;  a  lad. 

Boy'hdbd,  n.  State  of  a  boy. 

Boy'ish.  a.  Pertaining  to,  or 
like,  a  boy. 

Brage,  n.  That  which  holds 
or  binds  ;  a  bandage  ;  a 
strap  ;  a  piece  of  timber  ;  a 
pair.  —  v.  t.  To  bind;  to 
tie  ;  to  tighten  ;  to  furnish 
with  braces. 

Braqe'let,  n.  An  ornament 
for  the  wrist. 

Bra-€hyg'ra-phy,  n.  Short- 
hand writing. 

Brack'et,  n.  A  small  support 
of  wood  ;  (pi.)  hooks,  thus 
[  ],  for  inclosing  words. 

Brack'ish,  a.    Saltish  ;  salt. 

Bract,  ».  A  small  leaf  or  set 
of  leaves.  [out  a  head. 

Brad,  >i.  A  slender  nail  with- 

Brag  (7),  v.  t.  To  boast  ;  to 
swagger  ;  to  vaunt.  —  n.  A 
boast ;  a  game  at  cards. 

Brag'ga-do'ci-o  (-shi-o),  n.  A 
vain  boaster. 

Brag'gart,  n.  A  boaster  ;  a 
vain  fellow. — a.     Boastful. 

Bran'min,  n.  A  Hindoo 
priest. 

Braid  (8),  v.  t.  To  weave  or 
plait,  as  several  strands  to 
form  one. —  n.  Something 
braided  ;  a  sort  of  lace. 

Brain,  n.  Soft  substance  with- 
in the  skull,  which  is  the 
seat  of  sensation  and  intel- 
lect ;  the  understanding  ; 
fancy.  —  v.  t.  To  beat  out 
the  brains  of. 

Brain'-pan,  n.  The  skull. 

Brake,  old  imp.  of  Break.  — 
n.  Instrument  for  dressing 
flax  ;  a  contrivance  for  stop- 
ping wheels  ;  a  fern. 

Brake'man  (21),  n.  One  who 
manages  the  brake  on  rail- 
way carriages.  [shrub. 

Brarh'ble,  n.         A   prickly 


BRAZEN 

Bran,  n.  Outer  coats  of  grain 
separated  from  the  flour. 

Branch,  n.  A  limb  ;  a  bough  ; 
a  shoot ;  offspring.  —  v.  To 
divide  into  branches. 

Branch'let,  n.  A  little 
branch.  [es. 

Braneh'y,  a.  Full  of  branch- 
Brand,  v.  t.  To  burn  with  a 
hot  iron ;  to  stigmatize.  — 
n.  A  burnt  piece  of  wood  ; 
an  iron  to  burn  the  figure 
of  letters ;  the  mark  burnt ; 
it  stigma  ;  a  sword. 

Bran'dish,  v.  t.  To  wave  ;  to 
flourish,  as  a  weapon.  — n. 
A  flourish.  [new. 

Brand' -new,    a.       Perfectly 

Bran'dy,  n.  A  spirit  distilled 
from  wine,  cider,  or  fruit. 

Bran'gle  (brimg'gl),  n.  A 
brawl.  —  v.  i.  To  wrangle. 

Bra'gier  (bra'zhur),  u.  One 
who  works  in  brass  ;  a  pan 
for  holding  coals. 

Brass,  n.  A  yellow  alloy  of 
copper  and  zinc ;  impudence. 

Brass'y,  a.  Made  of  brass.    . 

Brat,  n.  A  child  ;  —  in  con- 
tempt. 

Bra-va'do,  n.  An  arrogant 
threat ;  a  boasting  fellow. 

Brave,  a.  Fearless  of  danger. 
—  Syn.  Courageous;  gal- 
lant ;  valiant ;  bold  ;  in- 
trepid.—  n.  An  Indian  war- 
rior. —  v.  I.  To  encounter 
with  firmness  ;  to  defy.  [ism. 

Brav'er-y,  n.  Courage  ;  hero- 

Bra'vo,  n.    A  daring  villain. 

Bra'vo,  inter).  Well  done  ! 

Brawl,  v.  i.  To  make  a  great 
noise  ;  tft  quarrel  noisily.  — 
n.    A  quarrel ;  squabble. 

Brawl'er,  n.  A  wrangler  ;  a 
libisy  fellow. 

Brawn,  n.  A  boar's  flesh  ; 
the  arm. 

Brawn'y,  a.  Having  large, 
strong  muscles  ;  muscular. 

Bray,  v.  t.  To  beat  in  a  mor- 
tar.   v.  i.  To  make  a  harsh 

noise  like  an  ass.  —  n.  Cry 
of  an  ass.      fder  with  brass. 

Braze,  v.  t.     To  cover  or  sol- 

Bra'zen  (bra'zn),  a.  Made  of 
brass;  bold. — v.i.  To  be 
impudent. 


a,  e,  I,  o,  u.  y,  long ;  2,  5,  T,  5,  u,y,  short ;  c:lre,  car,  ask,  all,  wh  jt ;  Ore,  ve.il,  term  ;  pique,  firm  ; 


BRAZEN-FACED 


47 


BRINY 


Bra/zen-faced  (bril'm-fast), 

a.    Impudent  ;  bold. 
Bra'zier  (bra'zhur),  n.     See 

Brasier. 
Breach,  n.    A  gap  ;  quarrel. 
Breach'y,  a.    Apt  to  break 

fences;  unruly. 
Bread,  n.  Food  made  of  flour ; 

support  of  life. 
Breadth,  n.  Width  ;  measure 

from  side  to  side. 
Break,  v.  t.  [imp.  broke  ; 

p.    p.     BROKE,     BROKEN.] 

To  part  or  open  by  force  ; 
/    to  rend  ;  to  crush  ;  to  tame  ; 

to  make  bankrupt ;   to  re- 
move from  office.  —  v.  i.  To 

part  in  two;  to  burst;    to 

become    a    bankrupt.  —  n. 

An  opening ;  breach  ;  pause  ; 

faiiure.  [things  broken. 

Break'agC,  n.    Allowance  for 
Break'er,  n.  One  who  breaks  ; 

a    rock    on    which    waves 

break  ;  the  wave  so  broken. 
Break'fast,  ft.  The  first  meal 

in  the  day.  —  v.  i.    To  eat 

breakfast. 
Break'neck,M.  A  precipitous 

or  steep  place. 
Break'wa-ter,  n.    A  wall  to 

break  the  force  of  the  waves. 
Bream,  v.  I.  To  cleanse,  as  a 

ship's  bottom.  —  n.  A  fish. 
Breast,  n.    Part  of  the  body. 

—  v.  t.    To  meet  in  front. 
Breast'-bone,  n.     Bone  of 

the  breast. 
Breast'pin,  n.  A  pin  to  wear 

on  the  breast. 
Breast'-plate,  n.    Armor  for 

the  breast. 
Breast'work  (-wfirk),  n.    A 

low  parapet  for  defense. 
Breath,  n.  Air  respired  ;  life  ; 

breeae. 
Breathe,  v.  i.   To  respire ;  to 

live  ;  to  utter  softly.  — v.  t. 

To  exhale. 
Breath'ing,  n.   Respiration  ; 

aspiration  ;  vent. 
Breath'less,a.  Outof breath. 
Bred,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Breed. 
Breech,  n.     The   lower  part 

of  the  body.  —  v.  t.    To  put 

into  breeches. 
Breech'e§    (bnch'ez),  n.    A 
lower  garment  worn  by  men. 


Breech'ing  (brich'ing),  n. 
Hinder  part  of  a  harness. 

Breed,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
bred.]  To  give  birth  to  ;  to 
generate  ;  to  hatch  ;  to  bring 
up  ;  to  educate.  —  v.  i.  To 
be  with  young.  —  n.  Off- 
spring ;  progeny. 

Breed'ing,  n.  Education  ; 
nurture ;  manners. 

Breeze,  n.  A  gentle  wind. 

Breth'ren  (23),  n.,  pi.  of 
Brother. 

Bre-vet',  n.  A  commission 
which  entitles  an  officer  to 
rank  above  his  pay. 

Bre'vi-a-ry,  n.  Prayer-book 
of  the  Roman  Catholic 
church.  [ing  type. 

Bre-vier',  n.    A  small  print- 

W°  Brevier  type. 

Brev'i-ty,  n.    Conciseness. 
Brew  (bru),  v.  i.    To  make 

beer.  — v.  t.    To  mingle  ;  to 

contrive.  [brews. 

Brew'er  (bru/-),  n.    One  Mrho 
Brew'er-y  (bru/-),  n.  A  house 

for  brewing. 
Brew'-house  (bru'-),  n.     A 

brewery. 
Brew'is   (bni'is),  n.     Bread 

soaked  in  gravy  or  in  water 

and  butter. 
Bribe,  n.    A  gift  to  corrupt 

the  conduct.  —  v.  t.  To  cor- 
rupt by  gifts. 
Brlb'er-y,  n.    The  giving  or 

receiving  of  bi-ibes. 
Brick,  n.    A  mass  of  burnt 

clay.  —  v.  t.     To  lay  with 

bricks. 
Bnck'bat,  n.  A  broken  brick. 
Brick-kiln  (-kll),  n.    A  kiln 

for  burning  brick,  [mason. 
Brick'-lay/er,  n.  A  brick- 
Brick'-mak'er,  n.    One  who 

makes  brick. 
Brid'al  (11),  a.    Belonging  to 

marriage.  —  n.  A  wedding. 
Bride,   n.    A   woman  newly 

married,  orpne  about  to  be 

married. 
Brlde'-€ake,    n.     Cake  dis- 
tributed at  a  wedding.      t 
Bride'grdbm,    n.      A    man 

newly  married,  or  one  about 

to  be  married. 


Bride'maid,  n.  A  womaq 
who  attends  the  bride. 

Bride'man,  n.  A  man  who 
attends  the  bride  and  bride- 
groom, [correction. 

Bride'well,  n.    A  house  of 

Bridge,  n.  A  structure  to  pass 
over  water  on  ;  a  support. — 
v.  t.  To  form  a  bridge  over. 

BrI'dle,  n.  An  instrument  to 
restrain  or  govern  a  horse. 
—  v.  t.  To  put  a  bridle  on ; 
to  restrain.  —  v.  i.  To  hold 
up  the  head. 

Brief,  a.  Short ;  concise.  —  n. 
An  epitome,  or  short  writ- 
ing ;  an  abstract. 

Bri'er,  n.  A  prickly  shrub  ; 
a  bramble. 

Brig,  n.  A  ves- 
sel with  two 
masts  square 
rigged. 

Bri-gade',  n. 
A  division  of 
troops.  —  v.  s' 

t.    To  form  into  brigades. 

Brig'a-dier',  n.  An  officer 
commanding  a  brigade. 

Brig'and,  n.  One  of  a  band 
of  robbers. 

Brig'an-tlne,  n.  A  kind  of 
small  brig. 

Bright  (brlt),  a.  Shining; 
clear;  promising.  ^ 

Brighton  (brit'n),  v.  t.  ori. 
To  make  or  become  bright. 

Bright'ness  (brlt'-),  n.  Lus« 
ter;  splendor  ;  acuteness. 

Brill'ian-gy,  n.  Sparkling 
luster. 

Brill'iant,  a.  Shining.  —  n. 
A  diamond  cut  into  angles. 

Brim,  n.  Edge  ;  upper  edge  ; 
side  ;  bank.  — 1».  i.  To  bo 
filled  to  the  brim.        [brim. 

Brim'ful,    a.      Pull    to    the 

Brim'ming  (7),  a.  Full  to  the 
brim.  [sulphur. 

Brim'stSne,  n.     A  mineral ; 

Brin'dcd,    I  a.        Streaked  ; 

Brin'dled,  )      spotted. 

Brine,  n.  Water  impregnated 
with  salt ;  the  ocean. 

Bring,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
brought.]  To  convey  or 
carry  to  ;  to  fetch  from. 

Brm'y,a.  Consisting  of  brine. 


son,  or,  do,  w$lf,  too,  took  ;  Crn,  ri]e,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard ;  a^  ;  enst ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


BRINK 

Brink,  n.  The  edge  of  a  steep 
place. 

Brisk,  a.  Quick  ;  full  of  life. 

Brfsk'et,  n.  The  breast  of  an 
animal. 

Bris'tle  (brYs'l),  n.  A  stiff, 
coarse  hair,  as  of  swine.  — 
r.  i.     To  raise  the  bristles. 

Bris'tly  (brls'ly),  adv.  Set 
thick  with  bristles. 

Bri-tan'ni~a,  n.  A  metallic 
compound.  [Britain. 

Brft'ish,    a.      Pertaining  to 

Brit'on,  n.  A  native  of 
Britain.  [fragile. 

Brit'tle,  a.     Apt  to  break  ; 

Broach,  n.  A  spit.  —  v.  t. 
To  tap ;  to  let  out. 

Broad  (brawd),  a.  Extended 
from  side  to  side ;  wide.  — 
Syn.  Ample ;  comprehen- 
sive ;  large. 

Broad'^ax,    )  n.     An  ax  to 

Broad'-axe, )      hew  timber. 

Broadcast,  n.  A  scattering 
of  seed  with  the  hand. 

Broad'-elSth,  n.  A  fine  wool- 
en'cloth.  [grow  broad. 

Broad 'en,  v.      To  make  or 

Broad'side,  n.  A  discharge 
of  all  the  guns  on  one  side 
of  a  ship. 

Broad'sword  (-sord),  n.  A 
broad-bladed  sword. 

Bro-eade',  n.  Silk  stuff 
variegated  with  gold  and 
silver. 

BrSe'-eo-ll  (18),  n.  A  species 
of  cabbage.         [thick  shoe. 

Br5'gan,  or  Bro-gan',  n.    A 

Brogue,  ».  A  corrupt  dialect 
or  pronunciation. 

Broil,  n.  A  tumult :  quarrel. 
—  v.  t.  or  i.  To  dress  over 
coals  ;  to  be  in  a  heat. 

BrSke,  imp.  of  Break. 

Bro'ken  (brG'kn),.??.  p.  or  a. 
of  /// 

Ero'ken-heart'ed,  a.  Hav- 
ing the  spirits  crushed. 

Brd'ker,  n.  An  agent  who 
transacts  business  on  com- 
mission.     .        [of  a  broker. 

Bro'ker-age,  n.   Commission 

Bron'-ehi-al,  a.  ltelating  to 
the  throat.  [faction. 

Br6n-ehi'tis,n.    A  throat  af- 

Bronze,  n.    A  compound  of 


48 

copper  and  tin.  —  v.  t.  To 
color  or  harden  like  bronze. 

Brooch  (broch),  n.   A  jewel. 

Brood,?i.  Offspring;  progeny. 
—  v.  i.  To  sit  on  eggs  ;  to 
cover  chickens. 

Brdbk,  n.  A  natural  stream 
less  than  a  river.  —  v.  t.  To 
bear ;  to  endure. 

Broom,  n.  A  shrub ;  an  in- 
strument to  sweep  with. 

Brdbm'stick,  n.  The  staff  or 
handle  of  a  broom. 

Broth,  n.  Liquor  in  which 
flesh  has  been  boiled,  [fame. 

Br6th'el,  n.  A  house  of  ill- 
Broth,  'er,  n.  A  male  born  of 
the  same  parents ;  an  asso- 
ciate ;  a  companion. 

Broth 'er-hdbd,  n.  State  of 
being  a  brother  ;  fraternity. 

Br6th'er-ly,a.  Like  a  broth- 
er. [  p.  of  Bring. 

Brought   (brawt),  imp.  &  p. 

Brow,  n.  The  forehead  ;  the 
hairy  ridge  over  the  eye ; 
the  edge.  [down. 

Brow'beat,    v.    t.    To    beat 

Brow-beat'ing,  n.  Act  of 
beating  down  or  intimidat- 
ing. 

Brown,  a.  Dusky,  inclining 
to  red.  —  n.  A  dusky  red- 
dish color.  —  v.  t.  To  make 
brown. 

Brown'ish,  a.  Inclined  to 
brown. 

Brown'-stud/y,  a.  Dull 
thoughtfulness ;  reverie. 

Browse  (brouz),  v.  t.  To  feed 
on  the  shoots  of  shrubs. 

Browse  (brouss),  n.    Twigs  of 

Bru'in,  n.    A  bear,     [shrubs. 

Bruise,  v.  I.  To  hurt  with 
blows.  —  n.     A  contusion. 

Bruis/er,  n.    A  boxer. 

Bruit,  n.  Report ;  rumor. — 
V.  t.     To  report. 

Bru-nette',  n.  A  woman  of  a 
dark  or  brown  complexion. 

Brunt,  n.  A  shock  ;  attack ; 
onset ;  violence. 

Brush,  n.  A  hairy  instrument; 
a  pencil ;  brisk  attack ;  a 
thicket. — v.  t.  To  rub  or 
sweep  with  a  brush.  — v.  i. 
To  move  in  haste. 

Brush'-wded,  n.  Underwood. 


BUFF 

Brush'y,  a.  Like  a  brush; 
shaggy. 

Bru'tal(ll),  a.  Savage  ;  cruel. 

Brii-tal'i-ty,  n.     Savageness. 

Brii'tal-Ize,  v.  To  make  or 
become  brutal. 

Brute,  n.  An  irrational  ani- 
mal. —  a.  Senseless  ;  savage. 

Bru'ti-fy,  v.  i.  To  make  bru- 
tish or  unfeeling. 

Bru'tish,  a.  Bestial ;  savage. 

Bub'ble,  n.  A  small  bladder 
of  water  ;  a  false  show  ;  em p- 
ty  project.  —  v.  i.  To  rise  in 
bubbles.  [like  bubbles. 

Bub'bly,  a.   Full  of  bubbles  ; 

Bu€'€a-neer',  ti.  A  piratical 
adventurer. 

Buck,  n.      Male 
of  rabbits,  deer, 
&c. ;  a  dandy  ;^> 
lye.  —  v.  t.    To  T 
steep  clothes  in       Buck, 
lye. 

Buck'et,  n.  A  vessel  to  draw 
or  carry  water  in. 

Buck'ish,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 
gay  fellow  ;  foppish. 

Euck'le(buk'l),  n.  An  instru- 
ment for  fastening  straps.  — 
v.  t.  To  fasten  with  a 
buckle;  to  apply.— v.  i.  To 
join  in  battle. 

Buck'ler,  ft.     A  shield. 

Buck'ram,  n.  A  coarse  linen 
cloth  stiffened  with  glue. 

Buck'skin,  n.  The  leather 
from  a  buck. 

Buck'thorn,  n.  A  plant  bear- 

"  ing  a  black  berry. 

Buck'wheat,  n.  A  plant, 
whose  seed  is  used  as  a 
grain. 

Bu-c61'i-e,  a.  Relating  to 
shepherds  ;  pastoral.  —  n.  A 
pastoral  poem. 

Bud,  n.  First  shoot  of  a  plant. 
—  v.  i.  To  put  forth  buds.  — 
v.  t.  To  inoculate,  as  a  tree. 

Budge,  v.  i.  To  stir ;  to  go  ; 
to  move. — a.  Stiff;  rigid; 
pompous  ;  surly. 

Budg'et,  ft.  A  bag ;  pouch ; 
stock  ;  a  statement  respect- 
ing finances. 

Buff,  ft.  A  leather  dressed  with 
oil ;  a  color  between  light 
pink  and  light  yellow. 


a,*",!,'",  u,5',  long }  a,  Z,  \,  6,  u,y,  short :  cure,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pVque,  i'lrm  ; 


BUFFALO 


49 


BURY 


Buffalo. 


Buf'fa-lo,  n.  (pi. 
Buf 'fa-16e§, 
18. )  A  kind  of 
wild  ox. 

Buffet  (8),  v.  t. 
To      box ;     to 
beat ;  to  strike 
with  the  fist.  —  n.     A  blow 
with  the  fist,    [mountebank. 

Buf-fdbn',   n.     A  clown ;    a 

Buf-fdon'er-y,  n.    Low  jests. 

Bug,  n.  A  generic  term  for 
various  insects.  [ject. 

Bug'bear,  n.    A  frightful  ob- 

Bug'gy,  a.  Full  of  or  having 
bugs.  —  n.  A  light  four- 
wheeled  carriage. 

Bu'gle,  In.    A  military 

YBu'gle-horn,  )  instrument 
of  music. 

Buhl  (bul),  n.  Metallic  fig- 
ures inlaid  in  dark  wood  or 
tortoise-shell. 

Buhr'stone  (bur'-),  n.  A  spe- 
cies of  quartz,  used  for  mill- 
stones. 

Build  (blld),  v.  t.  ori.    [imp. 

Ik,  p.  p.  BUILDED,  BUILT.] 

To  raise  a  structure  ;  to  con- 
struct ;  to  erect. 
Build'ing,  n.     An  edifice. 
Built,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Build. 
Bulb,  ».    A  round  root. 
Bulb'ous,  a.     Having  round 

roots  or  heads  ;  protuberant. 
Bulge,  n.  A  protuberance.  — 

v.  t.  To  swell  in  the  middle. 
Bulk,  n.    Size  ;  substance  in 

general ;    quantity  ;      main 

part. 
Bulk'-head,  n.    A  partition 

in  a  ship. 
Bulk'i-ness,  n.    Largeness. 
Bulk'y,  a.     Of  great  size. 
Bull,  n.    An  animal ;  edict  of 

the  pope ;  a  blunder. 
Bull'-bait'ing,  n.  Practice  of 

exciting  bulls  with 
Bull'-ddg,      n. 

A  kind  of  large 

dog. 
-  BuVlet,  n.      A 

ball  for  a  gun. 
Bul'le-tm,      n.      Bull-dog. 

Official  report  or  notice. 
Bull'-flght  (-lit),  n.    A  fight 

with  a  bull.  [bird. 

Bull'-fmch,   a.      A   singing 


Bull'-fr5g,  n.  A  large  species 
of  frog.  [or  gold. 

Bull'lon,  n.    Uncoined  silver 

Bull'ock,  n.  A  young  bull ; 
an  ox. 

Bull'y,  n.  A  quarrelsome  fel- 
low. —  v.  t.  To  threaten  with 
noisy  menaces.       [in  water. 

Bull'rush,  n.  A  rush  growing 

Biil'wark,  n.  A  fortification  ; 
shelter  ;  sides  of  a  ship  above 
the  upper  deck,     [large  bee. 

Bum'ble-bee,  n.     A  kind  of 

Bump,  n.  A  swelling ;  a  blow. 
—  v.  i.  To  make  a  loud 
noise.  —  v.  t.  To  thump  ;  to 
strike.  [to  the  brim. 

Bum'per,  n.     A  glass  filled 

Bump'kin,  n.  An  awkward 
person  ;  a  clown ;  a  rustic. 

Bun    (  (3),  n.     A  small  cake, 

Bunn  I      or  sweet  bread. 

Bunch,  n.  A  cluster ;  a  hard 
lump.  —  v.  i.  To  grow  in 
clusters. 

Bunch'y,  «•  Full  of  bunches. 

Bun'dle,  n.  A  number  of 
things  bound  together.  —  v. 
t.    To  tie  together.         [rel. 

Bung,  n.  A  stopper  for  a  bar- 

Bung'-hole,  n.  A  hole  in  a 
barrel 

Bun'gle.v.  t.  To  do  clumsily. 

Bun'gler,  n.  A  clumsy 
workman. 

Bun'gling,  a.    Very  clumsy. 

Bun'ion  (bun'yun),n.  An  ex- 
crescence on  the  toe. 

Biink,  n.  A  case  of  boards  for 
a  bed.  [cloth. 

Bunt'ing,  ft.     A  thin  woolen 

Buoy  (bwcToy  or  bwdy),  n. 
A  piece  of  wood  or  cork 
floating  on  the  water,  to  in- 
dicate shoals,  rocks,  &c,  or 
to  bear  a  cable.  —  v.  t.  or  i. 
To  keep  afloat ;  to  sustain. 

Bupy'an-gy  (bwofcy7-  or 
bwoy'-),  n.  The  quality  of 
floating ;  specific  lightness. 

Buoy'ant     (bwooy-  or 

bwoy'-),  a.  Floating  ;  light. 

Bur    )   (3),  n.      The  prickly 

Burr  I       head  of  a  plant. 

Bur'den  (bQr'dn),  n.  That 
which  is  borne ;  a  load.  — 
v.  t.    To  load  ;  to  oppress. 

Bur'den-some,  a.    Grievous 


to  be  borne  ;  ponderous ;  op* 
pressive.      [that  bears  burs. 

Bur'ddck,  n.     A  wild  plant 

Bu'reau(bu'ro,  18),«.  A  chest 
of  drawers  for  papers  or 
clothes;  office.  [city. 

Bur'gess,  n.    A  freeman  of  a 

Burgh'er  (bQrg'er),  n.  A 
freeman  of  a  borough. 

Bur'glar,  n.  One  who  breaks 
into  a  house  by  night. 

Bur-gla'ri-ous,  a.  Consisting 
in  burglary. 

Bur'gla-ry,  n.  The  crime  of 
house-breakiDg  by  night, 
with  intent  to  steal. 

Burg'o-mas'ter,  n.  A  city 
magistrate.  [Burgundy. 

Bur'gun-dy,M.  Wine  made  in 

Bu'ri-al  (ber'i-al),  n.  Act  of 
burying ;  a  funeral. 

Bu'rin,  n.  A  graving  tool. 

Bur-lesque'  (-lesk'),  a.  Tend- 
ing to  excite  laughter ;  ludi- 
crous. —  n.  A  ludicrous  rep- 
resentation.—  v.  t.  To  make 
ludicrous ;  to  turn  to  ridi- 
cule. 

Bur'ly,  a.  Great  in  size  ;  bois- 
terous. 

Burn,  v  t.  or  7".  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
BURNED,  BURNT]  To  con- 
sume by  fire  ;  to  scorch  ;  to 
be  on  fire. — n.  A  hurt 
caused  by  fire. 

Burn'er,  n.  One  who  sets  on 
fire  ;  appendage  to  a  lamp. 

Burn'ing,  n.  Combustion ; 
heat.  —  a.  Flaming ;  vehe- 
ment. 

Burn'ing-glass,  n.  A  con- 
vex lens  for  conveying  the 
sun's  rays  to  a  focus. 

Bur'nish,  v.  t.  To  polish  ;  to 
brighten.  —  n.     A  gloss. 

Burnt,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Burn. 

Bur'row,  n.  A  lodge  in  the 
earth  for  rabbits,  &c.  — v.  i. 
To  lodge  in  the  earth. 

Bur'sar,  n.  The  treasurer  of 
a  college ;  a  charity  student. 

Bur'sa-fy,  n.    A  treasury. 

Burst,  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
burst.]  To  break  or  fly 
open.  —  n.     A  sudden  rent. 

Bur'then.     See  Burden. 

Bur'y  (bgr'y),  v.  t.  To  inter 
in  a  grave  ;  to  conceal. 


Bon,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took  ;  firn,  rue,  p-.ill 


c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard ;  as  ;  exist ;  o  as  ng ;  this. 


BUSH 

Bush,  n.   A  shrub  ;  a  bough. 

Biish'el,  n.  A  dry  measure  of 
eight  gallons,  or  four  pecks. 

Eush'y,  a.  Full  of  bushes  ; 
thick,  as  hair. 

Bug'i-ly  (blz'I-lv),  adv.  With 
constant  occupation. 

Bus/i-ness  (blz'nes),  n.  Em- 
ployment ;  trade  ;  occupa- 
tion. 

Busk,  n.  A  piece  of  steel  or 
whalebone  worn  in  corsets. 

Busk'in,  n.     A  half  boot. 

Busk'ined,a.  Wearing  busk- 
ins, [kiss. 

Buss,  n.    A  kiss.  —  v.  t.   To 

Bust,  n.  A  statue  of  the  head 
and  shoulders. 

Bus'tard,  n  A  bird  of  the 
ostrich  family. 

Bus'tle  (bus'l),  v.  i.  To  be 
busy.  —  n.  A  tumult;  hur- 
ry ;  commotion. 

Bus'y  (bTz'y),  a.  Employed 
with  earnestness  ;  officious. 

—  r.  t.     To  employ. 
Bus'y-bod'y  (blz'y-),  n.     A 

meddling,  officious  person. 
But,  prep.     Except ;    unless. 

—  conj.  More :  further.  — 
n.  End ;  limit ;  bound.  — 
v.  t.  To  be  bounded;  to 
touch  with  the  end. 

Butch'er,  n.  One  who  kills 
animals  to  sell. — v.  t.  To 
slay  inhumanly. 

Butch'er-ly,  a.  Barbarous ; 
cruel;  bloody. 


50 

Butch'er-y,n.  The  slaughter 
of  cattle  for  market;  cruel 
murder. 

But '-end,  n.  Thicker  end  of 
a  thing. 

But'ler,  11.  A  servant  who 
has  the  care  of  liquors. 

But'ment,  n.    A  buttress. 

Butt,  n.  A  mark  to  shoot  at ; 
a  cask  ;  end  ;  limit ;  one  who 
is  ridiculed.  —  v.  i.  To 
strike  with  the  head. 

But'ter,  n.  An  oily  substance 
from  cream.  —  v.  t.  To 
spread  with  butter. 

But'ter-eup,  n.  A  plant  with 
bright  yellow  flowers ;  crow- 
foot. 

But'ter-fly,  n.  A  genus  of 
insects. 

But'ter-milk,  n.  Milk  re- 
maining after  the  butter  is 
separated. 

But'ter-nut,  n.  A  tree  and 
its  oily  fruit. 

But'ter-y,  n.  A  room  where 
provisions  are  kept.  —  a. 
Resembling  butter. 

But'tock,  n.  Protuberant 
part  of  the  body  behind ; 
rump. 

But'tonfbut'tn),  n.  A  knob  or 
catch  for  fastening  clothes. 
—  v.  t.  To  fasten  with  but- 
tons. 

Biit'ton-h51e,  n.  A  hole  for  a 
button  ;  to  detain  in  conver- 
sation to  weariness ;  to  bore. 


Buttress. 


CACKLE 

But'tress,    n. 

A  projecting 

support      to 

the     outside 

of  a  wall. 
Bux'om,       a. 

Lively; 

brisk  ;  jolly ; 

frolicsome. 
Buy  (bl),  v.  t. 

[imp.    &   p. 

p.     BOUGHT' 

(bawt).]     To 

purchase. 
Buy'er,  n.    A  purchaser. 
Buzz    (3),    n.      A   humming 

sound,  as  of  bees.  —  v.  i.  To 

make  a  low  humming  sound, 

like  bees. — v.t.  To  whisper; 

to  spread  by  whispers. 
Buz'zard,  n.      A  species  of 

hawk. 
By;  prep.     Near  ;    close  to  ; 

from  one  to  the  other  side 

of;  with;  through  means  of ; 

in  presence.  —  By  and  by, 

presently ;  pretty  soon. 
By'-6nd,  n.  Private  interest. 
By'-law,  n.    A  private  law 

or  regulation. 
By'-stand'er,  n.     A  looker 

on ;  a  spectator. 
By'-way,  n.    A  private    or 

secluded  way. 
By'-word  (-wQrd),  n.  A  com- 
mon saying ;  a  proverb. 
By-zan'tine,  or  Byz'an-tine, 

a.  Pertaining  to  Byzantium. 


c. 


/~^AB,  v.    A  kind  of  covered 

\J     carriage.^ 

■Ca-bal',  n.  A  number  of  per- 
sons united  to  effect  some 
private  purpose  ;  a  junto  — 
r.  ?'.  (7)  To  intrigue  pri- 
vately. 

■Gab'a-la,  n.  Jewish  tradi- 
tions. 

■eab'a-Hst,  n.  One  skilled  in 
Jewish  traditions. 

•Cab'a-list'i-e,  a.    Pertaining 


to  the  mysteries  of  Jewish 
traditions  ;  secret ;  occult. 

■Gab'bage,  v.  i.  To  steal 
pieces  of,  in  cutting  cloths. 
—  H,     A  garden  plant. 

•€ab'in,  n.  An  apartment  in 
a  ship  ;  a  hut.  —  v.  i.  To 
live  in  a  cabin. — v.  t.  To 
confine  in  a  cabin. 

■Cab'i-net,  n.  A  set  of  draw- 
ers ;  closet ;  a  council  of 
state. 


■Gab'i-net-mak/er,    u.       A 

maker  of  fine  furniture. 
■Ca'ble,  n.     A  strong  rope  or 

chain   to   hold  a   vessel    at 

anchor.  [of  a  ship. 

-Ga-bdbse',   n.     A  cook  room 
■€a-ea'o,  n.      The  chocolate 

tree. 
■Ca-Ck'le,  v.  i.    To  make  the 

noise  of  a  hen  ;  to  giggle  ; 

to  prattle.  — n.     Noise  of  a 

hen  or  goose. 


<o,  Q,y, 


:,  T,  5,  u,  y,  -hort ;  care,  c'ir,  ask,  ;;11,  what 


jil,  tSrm  :  p'que,  fTrui  ; 


CACTUS 


51 


CAMPANIFORM 


Cactus. 


B'tus,  n.  A 
genus  of 
prickly  tropi- 
cal plants. 

-Ga-dav'er- 
ous,  a.  Like 
a  dead  body. 

-Gad'dy,  n.  A 
small  box  for 
tea. 

•Ca/denge,  n.  A  fall  of  -the 
voice  in  reading  or  speak- 
ing; modulation. 

-Ca-det',  n.  A  volunteer  in 
the  army  ;  a  military  pupil. 

Qoe-gu'ra,  or  Qse-sii'ra,  n.  A 

w    pause  or  division  in  a  verse. 

iBag,  n.  A  little'  barrel  or 
cask ;  a  keg. 

■Gage,  n.  An  inclosure  for 
confining  birds  or  other  an- 
imals. —  v.  t.  To  shut  up  in 
a  cage. 

-Cairn,  n.    A  pile  of  stones. 

■Gai'tiff,  n.  A  base  fellow  ;  a 
villain. — a.    Base;  servile. 

•Ga-jole',  v.  t.  To  deceive  by 
flattery.  [flattery. 

■Ga-jol'er-y,  n.  A  wheedling ; 

-Cake,  n.  A  kind  of  bread, 
sweet  and  delicate.  —  v.  i. 
To  form  into  a  hard  mass. 

•Gal'a-bash,  n.  A  large  gourd. 

•Ga-lam'i-tous,  a.  Distress- 
ing ;  disastrous. 

•Ga-lam'i-ty,  n.  A  condition 
producing  great  distress.  — 
Syn.  Disaster;  misfortune. 

•Ga-lash',  n.  A  cever  for  the 
head  ;  a  kind  of  carriage. 

-€al--ca're-ous,a.  Having  the 
properties  of  lime. 

•Cal'gi-na'tiorun.  The  opera- 
tion of  calcining. 

€al-cjne',  or  -G&l'gme,*.  To 
change  or  be  chaugcd  into 
powder  by  the  action  of  heat. 

■Cal'-eu-late,  v.  t.  To  com- 
pute; to  reckon. — v.  i.  To 
make  a  computation,  [tion. 

■Cal'-eu-la'tion,  n.    Computa- 

•Cal'-eu-la/tive,  a.  Pertaining 
to  calculation. 

-Gal'-cu-la/tor,  n.  One  who 
computes;  a  reckoner. 

•Gal'-cu-lous,  a.  Like  stone  ; 
affected  with  the  stone. 

•Gal'€u-lus,n.  (pL-e&Veu-ll.) 


The  stone  in  the  bladder ;  a 
method  of  computation. 

■Gal'dron,  n.     A  large  kettle. 

■Gal'e-fae'tive,    I  a.   Making 

•Gal'e-fa-e'to-ry, )  warm  or 
hot. 

■Gai'en-dar,  n.  An  almanac  ; 
a  register. 

•Gal'en-der,  v.  t.  To  make 
glossy  and  smooth  by  press- 
ing between  rollers.  —  n.  A 
hot  press. 

•Gal'ends,  n.  pi.  First  day 
of  each  month  among  the 
Romans.  [fever. 

■Gal'en-ture,    n.    An  ardent 

-Calf  (kaf),  n.  (pi.  -Calves, 
kiivz.)  The  young  of  a  cow; 
a  stupid  fellow  ;  thick  part 
of  the  leg. 

•Gal'i-ber,  I  n.  Bore  of  a  gun  ; 

•Cal'i-bre, )    mental  capacity. 

•Cal'i-co,  n.  (pi.  -Cal'i-eoes, 
18.)  A  stuff  made  of  cotton. 

•Cal'i-pers,  n.  pi. 
Compasses  with 
curved  legs  for 
measuring  the 
diameters  of 
round  bodies. 

-Ca'liph,  n.     Title 
of  the  successors    _  ,. 
of  Mohammed.      CallPcrs- 

•Cal'iph-ate,  n.  The  office  of 
a  caliph. 

-Gal'is-then'les  ,n.pl.  Health- 
ful and  graceful  bodily  ex- 
ercises. 

•Calk  (kawk),  v.  t.  To  stop 
the  seams  of,  as  of  a  ship  ; 
to  arm  with  sharp  points,  as 
the  shoes  of  a  horse. — n. 
A  sharp  point  on  an  animal's 
shoe.  [who  calks. 

•Calk'er  (kawk'er),   n.      One 

■Call,  v.  t.  To  name  ;  to  in- 
vite ;  to  summon.  —  v.  i.  To 
cry  out  ;  to  make  a  visit.  — 
n.  An  address  ;  a  demand  ; 
a  summons  ;  a  short  visit. 

•Cal-Hg'ra-phy,  n.  Beautiful 
penmanship. 

■Call'ing,  11.     Employment. 

-Cal-16s'i-ty,  )  n.    Any  horny 

•Cal'lus,  j      hardness  of 

the  skin. 

-Calflous,a.  Hard  ;  indurated. 

-Cal'low,  a.  Unfledged ;  naked. 


-Calm  (kam),  a.  Still ;  quiet ; 
undisturbed. —  n.  Serenity. 
—  v.  t.     To  quiet ;  to  still. 

■Calm'ly  (kam'-),  adv.  In  a 
calm  manner  ;  quietly. 

■Calm'ness(kam'ncss).  n.  Se- 
renity ;  stillness  ;  quiet. 

■Cal'o-mel,  n.  A  preparation 
of  mercury. 

•€a-16r'i-e,  n.  The  principle  or 
matter  of  heat.  [heat. 

Cal'0-rif'i-c,    a.      Producing 

-Gal'u-met,  n.  Indian  pipe  of 
peace. 

-Ca-lum'ni-ate.t;.  i.  To  accuse 
falsely. 

-Ca-lum/ni-a'tion,  n.  Slander. 

-Ca-lum'ni-a'tor,  n.  A  false 
accuser ;  a  slanderer. 

-Ca-lum'ni-ous,  a.  Defamato- 
ry ;  abusive  ;  slanderous. 

-Cal'um-ny,  n.  Malicious  ac- 
cusation. —  SYN.  Slander  ; 
defamation  ;  libel ;  abuse. 

-Calve  (kav),  v.  i.  To  give 
birth  to  a  calf. 

•Cal'vin-ist,  n.  One  who  ad- 
heres to  Calvinism. 

•Cal'vin-ist'i-c,  a.  Relating  to 
Calvin,  or  to  Calvinism. 

•Ca'lyx,  n.  (pi.  -Ca'lyx-es) 
Outer  covering  of  a  flower. 

-Cam,  n.  The  projection  on  a 
wheel  or  axle  to  produce  re- 
ciprocating motion,  [cotton . 

-Cam/bri-e,  n.    A  fine  linen  or 

•Came,  imp.  of  Come. 

•Cam/el,  n.  A  large, 
ruminant  quad- 
ruped of  Asia  and 
Africa. 

•Ca-mel'o-pard,  or    „ 
-Cam'el-o-pard',    Camcl- 
n.     The  giraffe  ;  an  African 
animal   remarkable    for  its 
long  neck. 

■Cam'e-o  (18),  n.  A  precious 
stone  sculptured  in  relief. 

-Cam'let,  n.  A  stuff  of  wool 
and  silk. 

-Camp,  n.  A  place  where 
troops  lodge,  or  tents,  huts, 
&c,  are  erected. 

■Cam-paign'  (-pan'),  v.  Time 
an  army  keeps  the  field.  —  v. 
i.     To  serve  in  a  campaign. 

■Cam-pan'i-form,  a.  In  the 
shape  of  a  bell. 


Bon,  or,  do,  wolf,  to~o,  took ;  Qrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard ;  aj  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


CAMPANOLOGY 

•Cam'pa-nSl'o-gy,  n.  Art  of 
ringing  bells.  [shaped. 

-Gam-pan'u-late,    a.      Bell- 

-Cam'phene,  n.  Oil  or  spirit 
of  turpentine. 

■Gam'phor,  n.  A  kind  of 
solidified  sap. 

■Gam'phor-ate,     ( a.       Irn- 

-Cam'phor-a'ted, )  pregnat- 
ed  with  camphor. 

■Can,  v.  i.  [imp.  could.]  To 
be  able. — n.  A  cup  or  ves- 
sel for  liquors. 

■Ca-nal',  n.  An  artificial 
water-course ;  a  pipe  ;  a  duct. 

■Ga-na/ry,  n.  A  kind  of  wine  ; 
a  species  of  singing-bird. 

■Gan'Qel  (8),  v.  t.  To  blot  out ; 
to  obliterate.        [canceling. 

■Gan'gel-la/tion,  n.     Act  of 

Gan'ger,  n.  A  sign  in  the 
zodiac  ;  a  virulent  ulcer. 

■Gan'Qer-ous,  a.  Consisting  of, 
or  relating  to,  a  cancer. 

•€an'de-la'brum,«.  (/?/.-Gan/- 
de-la'bra,  or  -Gan'de-la'- 
brums.)  A  candlestick  with 
branches.  [uou3. 

-Gan'did,  a.      Frank  ;  ingen- 

•Gan'di-date,  it.  One  who 
sues  or  is  proposed  for  an 
office.  [frankly. 

-Gan'did-ly,     adv.      Fairly ; 

•Can'dle,  n.  A  light  made  of 
tallow,  wax,  &c. 

■ean'dle-light(-lit),  n.  Light 
of  a  candle. 

■Can'dle-stick,  n.  An  in- 
strument for  holding  a  can- 
dle, [ness. 

•Gan'dor,  n.  Fairness  ;  frank- 

•Can'dy,  v.  t.  To  conserve 
with  sugar.  —  v.  i.  To  be 
changed  mt_p  sugar.  —  n.  A 
preparation  of  sugar. 

■Cane,  n.  A  reed  ;  the  sugar 
plant :  a  walking-stick.  — v. 
t.     To  beat  with  a  cane. 

■Cane 'brake,  n.  A  thicket  of 
canes. 

-Ga-nine',  a.  Pertaining  to 
a  dog.  [box 

-Gan'is-ter,  n.     A  kind  of  tin 

•Gan'ker,  n.  A  disease  in  ani- 
mals and  plants  ;  a  kind  of 
ulcer.  —  v.  t.  To  corrode  or 
corrupt ;  to  infect. 

-Gan'kered,/*.  a.    Corroded. 


52 

•Can/ker-worm  (-wfirm),  n. 
A  worm  that  destroys  cer- 
tain plants  and  fruit. 

■Gan'ni-bal,  n.    A  man-eater. 

■ean'ni-bal-Ism,  n.  The  eat- 
ing of  human  flesh  by  man. 

-Gan'non,  n.    A 
great  gun   fori6^ 
throwing  balls 
and    the    like,      Cannon, 
by  means  of  gunpowder. 

Gan'non-ade',  n.  Hostile 
attack  with  cannon. —  v.  t. 
To  attack  with  cannon. 

•Can'non-ball,  n.  A  ball  to 
be  thrown  from  cannon. 

-Can'non-eer',  1  n.    0n«  who 

-Gan'non-ier',  j  manages  a 
cannon. 

■Can'non-sh6t,  n.  A  cannon- 
ball,  [be  unable. 

■Gan'not.    [can  and  not.]    To 

•Ca-noe' (ka-nob'),  n.  A  boat 
made  of  a  tree. 

■Gan'on,  n.  A  rule ;  the  Script- 
ures ;.  an  ecclesiastical  dig- 
nitary. 

•Ga-n6n'i€-al,  a.  According 
to  canons ;  ecclesiastical. 

•Ga-ndn'ie-als,  n.  pi.  The  pre- 
scribed dress  of  the  clergy. 

■Can'on-ist,  n.  One  versed  in 
the  law  sanctioned  by  the 
Roman  Catholic  Church. 

•Can'on-i-za'tion,  n.  An  en- 
rolling among  saints. 

■Can'on-ize,r.  t.  To  enroll  in 
the  catalogue  of  saints. 

•Gan'o-py,  n.  A  covering  over 
the  head. 

■Gant,  v.  t.  To  give  a  sudden 
turn  to.  —  v.  i.  To  speak  in 
a  whining  voice ;  to  play  the 
hypocrite. — n.  A  sudden 
turn ;  a  whining  or  sing- 
song tone  ;  slang ;  secret 
language  of  gypsies,  &c. 

■Gan'ta-lpupe ,  n.  A  species 
of  muskmelon. 

-Gan-ta'ta,  or  -Gan-ta'ta  (18), 
n.     A  poem  set  to  music. 

-Can-teen',  n.  A  tin  vessel  for 
liquors,  &c. 

■Gan'ter,  v.  i.  To  move  in  a 
moderate  gallop.  —  n.  A 
moderate  gallop. 

■Gan'ti-ele,  n.  A  song.  —  Can- 
ticles, the  Song  of  Solomon. 


CAPITULAR 

■Can'to,  n.  (pi.  -Gan'tog,  18.) 
A  division  of  a  poem. 

-Gan'ton,  n.  Division  of  a. 
country.  —  v.  t.  To  divide 
into  districts. 

■Gan'ton-ment,  n.  A  district 
occupied  by  soldiers. 

-Gan'vas,  n.  A  coarse  cloth 
for  sails  ;  sails  in  general. 

•Gan'vass,  v.  t.  To  examine ; 
to  solicit.  —  v.  i.  To  solicit 
votes.  —  n.  Close  inspection ; 
examination  ;  solicitation. 

•Gan'zo-net',  n.  A  short  song. 

■Gapu'tchou-e  (ko~o/,chdbk),  n. 
India-rubber ;  gum  elastic. 

■Gap,  >t.  A  cover  for  the  head ; 
top. — v.  t.  To  cover  the 
head  or  top. 

-Ga/pa-bil'i-ty,  n.  Capacity ; 
qualification;  ability. 

■Ga'pa-ble.a.  Having  capacity 
or  ability.  —  Syn.  Able  ; 
competent ;  fitted ;  effi- 
cient, [bility. 

■Ga'pa-bly,  adv.     With  capa- 

■Ga-pa'cious,  a.  Having  ca- 
pacity ;  wide ;  large. 

■Ga-pac/i-ty,  n.  The  power 
of  receiving  and  containing. 

•Gap'-a-pie',  adv.  From  head 
to  foot. 

-Ga-par'i-son,  n.  Trappings 
for  a  horse.  —  v.  t.  To  dress 
pompously. 

•Gape,  n.  A  head-land;  neck- 
piece. 

-Ga'per,  n.  A  kind  of  flower- 
bud  used  for  pickling ;  a 
leap. — v.  i.  To  skip;  to 
leap ;  to  dance. 

■Ga-pil'la-ment,  n.  A  fila- 
ment or  fine,  hair-like  fiber. 

■Cap'il-la-ry,  a.  Resembling  a 
hair.  —  n.  A  fin©  vessel  or 
canal. 

•Gap'i-tal ,  n.  Upper  part  of  a 
column  ;  chief  city  or  town  ; 
stock  in  trade  ;  principal 
sum  ;  a  large  letter.  —  a. 
Relating  to  the  head  ;  chief. 

■Gap'i-tal-ist,  n.  A  man  of 
large  property. 

■Cap'i-ta/tion,  n.  Numeration 
by  heads ;  a  poll-tax. 

■Gap'i-tol,  n.  A  temple  in 
Rome  ;  a  government  house. 

■Ga-pit'u-lar,  n.    A  statute. 


o,  u,  y,  ions  ,'  a,  8,  T,  5,  ti,  5',  short ;  care,  car, ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  tt-rin ;  p  que,  firm ; 


CAPITULATE 

•Ga-pit'u-late,  v.  i.  To  sur- 
render on  conditions. 

•Ga-pit'u-la'tion,  n.  A  sur- 
render on»4erms,  or  condi- 
ditionally. 

•Ga'pon  (ki'pn),  n.  A  cock 
emasculated. 

•Gap'-pa/per,  n.  A  kind  of 
coarse  brown  paper. 

•Ga-price',  n.  Sudden  or  un- 
reasonable change  of  mind 
or  humor.  —  Syn.  Whim; 
freak  ;  fancy  ;  vagary. 

■Ga-pri'cious  (-prtsh'us),  a. 
Whimsical ;  freakish. 

■Gap-size',  v.  t.    To  overturn. 

■Cap'stan,  n.  A 
machine  in  ships 
for  raising  great 
weights. 

•Cap'su-lar,      ) 

•Gap'su-la-ry,  ) 

a.    Hollow  like  a    CaPstan- 
capsule.  [of  a  plant. 

•Gap'sule^.    Tke  seed-vessel 

■Gap'tain,  n.     A/commander. 

■Gap'tain-gy,     j  n.  Commis- 

■Gap'tain-ship, J  sion  or  of- 
fice of  a  captain. 

•Cap'tion,  n.  A  certificate  ap- 
pended to  a  legal  instru- 
ment. 

■Cap'tious,  a.  Apt  to  cavil. 

•Gap'ti-vate,  v.  t.  To  please 
exceedingly  ;  to  fascinate  ; 
to  charm.  [captivating. 

■Gap'ti-va'tion,  n.     Act  of 

■Gap'tive,  n.  One  taken  in 
war.  —  a.  Made  prisonor. 

•Gap-tiv'i-ty,  n.  Subjection ; 
bondage;   thralldom. 

•Gap'tor,  n.  One  who  takes  a 
prisoner  or  a  prize, 

■Gap'ture,  n.  Seizure  of  a 
prize.  —  v.  t.  To  takp,  as  a 
prize  in  war. 

■Gap'u-Qhin' (-sheen/),  n.  A 
monk  of  the  order  of  St. 
Francis. 

•Gar,  n.  A  cart  ;  a  rail-way 
carriage  ;  chariot  of  war. 

■Car'a-bine.  n.  See  Carbine. 

•Gar'a-eol'e,  n.  An  oblique 
movement  of  a  horse.  — v.  i. 
To  move  in  a  caracole. 

■Car'at,  n.  A  weight  of  four 
grains  for  weighing  gems. 

•Gar'a-van,  n.  A  body  of  trav- 


53 

eling  pilgrims,  traders,  or 
showmen. 

■Car'a-van'sa-ry,  n.  A  house 
for  travelers  in  Asia. 

■Car'a-way,  ni  An  aromatic 
plant,  and  its  seed. 

■Gar'bine,  ft.  A  short  gun 
borne  by  light  horsemen. 

■Gar'bon,  «.    Pure  charcoal. 

■Gar'bon-a'ceous,  a.  Relating 
to,  or  containing,  carbon. 

•Gar'bon-ate,  n.  A  salt  formed 
by  the  union  of  carbonic 
acid  with  a  base,      [carbon. 

■Gar-b6n'i€,  a.    Pertaining  to 

Gar'boy,  n.  A  globular  bottle 
protected  by  basket-work. 

■Gar'bun-cle,  n.  An  inflam- 
matory tumor  ;  a  red  gem. 

■Gar'-eass,  n.  A  dead  body  ; 
decaying  remains. 

■Gard,  n.  A  pasteboard  pre- 
pared for  various  uses;  a 
written  note  ;  a  large  comb 
for  wool.  —  v.  t.  To  comb 
wool. 

■Gar'di-ac,  a-  Pertaining  to 
the  heart. 

■Gar'di-nal,  a.  Principal ; 
chief.  — n.  A  high  dignitary 
of  the  Catholic  church. 

-Gard'-ta/ble,  n.  A  table  for 
playing  cards  on. 

■Gare,  n>  Uneasiness  of  mind  : 
solicitude  ;  caution  ;  man- 
agement. —  v.  i.  To  be 
anxious ;  to  heed. 

•Ga-reen',  v.  t.  To  heave  on 
one  side,  as  a  ship. 

■Ga-reer',  n.   A  course  ;  race. 

-Gare'ful  (17),  a.  Anxious; 
watchful ;  saving. 

•Gare'less,  a.  Heedless; 
having  no  care. 

■Ga-rgss',  v.  t.  To  embrace  ; 
to  fondle. — n.  Endearment. 

■Ga'ret,  n.  This  mark  (a), 
noting  omission. 

■Gar'go,  n.    A  ship's  freight. 

Gar'i-ea-ture',  n.  A  represen- 
tation exaggerated  to  de- 
formity ;  a  ludicrous  like- 
ness. —  v.  t.  To  represent 
ludicrously. 

-Car'i-ea-tur'ist,  n.  One  who 
caricatures.  [bone. 

■Ga'ri-es,  n.     Ulceration  of  a 

•Gar'i-61e,n.  A  light  carriage. 


CARTILAGE 

•Ga'ri-ous,  a.  Decayed  ;  ulcer- 
ated ;  defective. 

■Garl,  n.    A  rude,  rustic  man. 

■Car'mine,  n.  A  bright  red 
pigment  or  color. 

■Gar'nage,  n.  Destruction  of 
lives  ;  slaughter  ;  massacre. 

■Car'nal,  a.  Fleshly  ;  sensual. 

■Gar-nal'i-ty,  n.  Fleshly  de- 
sires. 

•Gar-na'tioh,  ?i.  Flesh  color ; 
a  beautiful  flower,      [stone. 

■Gar-nel'ian,  n.     A  precious 

•Gar'ni-val,  *.  A  Catholic 
festival  celebrated  for  a 
number  of  days  before  Lent. 

■Gar-niv'o-rous,  a.  Feeding 
on  flesh.     ' 

■Gar'ol,  n.  A  song  of  joy;  a 
hymn. — v.  i.  (8)  To  war- 
ble ;  to  sing. 

•Ga-r6t'id,  a.  j  One  of  the  two 
chief  arteries  of  the  neck. 

•Ga-rou§'al,  n.     A  revel. 

•Ga-rouge',  v.  i.  To  drink  free- 
ly.—  n.  A  jovial  drinking 
match. 

•Garp,  n.  A  fresh-water  fish. 
■ — v.  i.  To  find  fault:  to 
cavil.  [houses  or  ships. 

■Car'pen-ter,  n.    A  builder  of 

■Gar'pen-try,n.  Artofbuild- 
iug  houses  or  ships. 

-Gar'pet,  n.  A  covering  for 
a  floor. — f.  t.  To  cover 
with  a  carpet- 

•Gar'pet-ing,  n.  Carpets  in 
general. 

•Gar'riage  (kaVrij).  n.  A  vchi- 
cle  ;  conveyance  ;  behavior. 

■Gar'ri-er,  n.  One  who  carries. 

■Gar'ri-on,  n.     Putrid  flesh. 

■Gar 'rot,  «.     A  common  gar- 

\    den  vegetable. 

■Gar'ry,  v.  t.  To  bear ;  to  con- 
vey ;  to  effect ;  to  behave. 

■Gar'ry-all,  n.  A  light  four- 
wheeled  vehicle. 

■Gart,  n.  A  carriage  with  two 
wheels  for  heavy  commodi- 
ties. —  v.  t.  To  convey  in  a 
cart.  [for,  carting. 

•Gart'age.n.  Act  of,  or  charge 

•Gar-tel',  n.  Agreement  in  re- 
lation to  exchange  of  pris- 
oners :  a  challenge,      [cart. 

■Gart'er,  n.   One  who  drives  a 

•Gar'ti-lage,  n.    Gristle. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk  ;  firn,  rvje,  pyll ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as  :  exist ;  q  as  ng  ;  this. 


CARTILAGINOUS 

■Gar'ti-l&g'i-nous,^  Pertain- 
ing to  cartilage  ;  gristly. 

Gar-toon',  n.  A  drawing  on 
large,  strong  paper. 

■Gar-touch'  (-tobchO,  n.  A 
case'for  musket-balls,  &c. 

Giir'tridge,  n.  A  paper  case 
for  powder,    [for  cartridges. 

Giir'tridge-b6x,  n.      A  box 

-Carve,  v.  t.  To  cut  artistic- 
ally, as  wood,  &c.  ;  to  cut 
into  small  pieces,  as  meat. 

Gas-eade',  n.    A  waterfall. 

■Case,  n.  A  covering  ;  box  ; 
state  ;  variation  of  nouns  ;  a 
cause  or  suit  in  court. — v. 
t.     To  put  in  a  case. 

Gase'-hard'en  (-hard'n),  v.  t. 
To  harden  on  the  outside. 

■Case'mate,  n.  A  bomb- 
proof chamber  for  cannon. 

Gase'ment,  n.  The  glazed 
frame  of  a  window. 

Ga'se-oiis,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  like,  cheese. 

■Cash,  n.  Money  ;  coin  :  bank- 
notes.—  v.  t.  To  convert 
into  money. 

Gash'-bdbk,  n.  A  book  in 
which  accounts  of  money 
arc  kept. 

Gash-ier',  n.  One  who  has  the 
charge  of  money  in  a  bank, 
&c. — v.  t.  To  dismiss  from 
office.  [of  shawl. 

-Cash/mere,  n.    A  rich  kind 

Gas'ing,  n.  A  covering  ;  a 
case.  [barrel. 

■Cask,  n.  A  small  vessel  like  a 

Gask'et,  n.  A  small  chest  for 
jewels. 

■Casque,  n.  A  helmet,     [void. 

■Cas-sa'tion,   n.      A   making 

Gas'sia  (k.lsh'a),  n.  A  cheap 
kind  of  cinnamon. 

Gas'si-mere,  n.  A  kind  of 
thin  twilled  woolen  cloth. 

Gas'sock,  n.  A  close  kind  of 
frock-coat  for  clergymen. 

Gas'so-wa-ry,  n.  A  large  bird 
resembling  the  ostrich. 

■Cast,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
C AST.  1  To  throw  ;  to  Ming ; 
to  found  or  form  ;  to  calcu- 
late. —  n.  A  throw  ;  motion  ; 
mold;  turn;  appearance. 

-Gas'ta-net,  n.  A  rattling  in- 
strument used  in  dancing-. 


54 

Gast'a-way,  n.  One  aban- 
doned to  destruction. 

Gaste,  n.  A  fixed  class  in 
society.  [like  a  castle. 

Gas'tel-la/ted,  a.    Turreted 

Gast'er,  n.  One  who  casts ;  a 
small  wheel ;  a  cruet  or 
phial ;  a  stand  for  cruets. 

Gas'ti-gate,  v.  t.  To  chastise. 

Gas'ti-ga'tion,  n.  Correction ; 
chastisement.       [in  a  mold. 

Gast'ing,n.  Any  thing  shaped 

Gast'ing-vote,  n.  A  vote 
that  decides  when  the  others 
are  equally  divided. 

Gas 'tie  (kas'l ),  n.  A  fortified 
house ;  a  fortress. 

Gas'tled  (kas'ld),  a.  Fur- 
nished with  castles. 

Gas'tor,  n.    A  beaver. 

Gas'tor-oil,  ft.  A  cathartic 
vegetable  oil.  [unman. 

Gas'trate,  v.  t.    To  geld  ;  to 

Gas-tra'tion,  n.  Act  of  geld- 
ing. 

Gas'u-al  (kazh'u-al^a.  Hap- 
pening without  design.  — 
Syn.  Accidental ;  incident- 
al, [chance. 

Gas'u-al-ty,  n.  An  accident; 

Ga§'u-ist,  ft.  One  who  re- 
solves cases  of  conscience. 

Gas/u-ist'i-e,       \  a.  Relating 

Gas'u-ist'ie-al,  j  to  cases 
of  conscience. 

Gas'U-ist-ry.  n.  The  science 
or  practice  of  a  casuist. 

Gat,  n.  A  domestic  auimal ; 
a  tackle;  a  whip. 

Gat'a-€omb  (-kom),  n.  A 
cave  for  the  dead. 

Gat'a-eous'tics,  n.  sing.  Sci- 
ence of  echoes. 

Gat'a-lep'sy,  ft.  Sudden  sup- 
pression of  sensation. 

Gat'a-16gue,  v.  A  list ;  reg- 
ister of  names.  —  v.  t.  To 
make  a  list  of. 

Gat'a-mount,  n.    A  wild  cat. 

Gat'a-plasm,  n.    A  poultice. 

Gat'a-raet,  v.  A  huge  water- 
fall ;  disorder  in  the  eye. 

Ga-tarrh'  (ka-tar'^n.  A  cold 
in  the  bead. 

Ga-tas'tro-phe,  n.  Final 
event :  calamity  :  disaster. 

Gat'-eall,  «.  A  squeaking  in- 
strument used  in  theatres. 


CATHOLIC 

■Catch,  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
CATCHED,  CAVjGHT.]  To 
seize  ;  to  take  ;  to  receive ; 
to  find  ;  to  owrtake.  —  n. 
Act  of  seizing ;  that  which 
seizes  ;  a  snatch ;  a  song. 

Gatch'ing,  a.  Infectious; 
contagious. 

Gatch'pc$n-ny,  n.  Something 
worthless,  to  gain  money. 

Gatch'up,  1  ».     A  sauce  pre- 

■Gat'sup,  )  .  pared  from  to- 
matoes or  walnuts,  &c. 

•Gatch'-word(-wurd),«.  First 
word  of  a  page  put  at  the  bot- 
tom of  the  preceding  page. 

Gat'e-ehet'ic,      )  a.      Con- 

Gat'e-ehet'i-e-al,  J  sisting 
of  question  and  answer. 

Gat'e-ehlse  (31).  v.  t.  To 
teach  by  questions  and  an- 
swers ;  to  question. 

•Gat'e-ehigm,  n.  A  form  of 
instruction  by  means  of 
questions  and  answers. 

Gat'e-ehist,  n.  One  who 
catechises. 

Gat'e-ehu,  n.  An  astringent 
vegetable  extract. 

•Cat'e-chu'men  (-ku'men),  n. 
One  learning  the  rudiments 
of  Christianity. 

Gat'e-gdr'ic-al,  n.  Absolute ; 
positive  ;  express. 

Gat'c-go-ry,  n.  Predicament ; 
state ;  condition. 

Gat'e-ua'ri-an,  (  a.  Relating 

Gat'e-na-ry,  j  to,  or  like, 
a  chain.  [connection. 

Gat'e-na'tion,   n.      Regnlr.r 

Ga'ter,  v.  f.    To  provide  food. 

Ga'ter-er,  n.  One  who  pro- 
vides food;  a  purveyor. 

Gat'er-piPlar,  ft.  The  larvc 
or  worm  state  of  insects. 

Gat'er-waul,  v.  i.  To  cry  as 
a  cat.  [fresh-water  fish. 

Gat'-fvsh,   n.     An    American 

Gat'-gut,  n.  Intestines  dried 
and  twisted  for  strings. 

Ga-thar'tie,  a.  Purgative. 
—  n.  A  purgative  medicine, 

Ga-the'dral,  n.  The  princi- 
pal church  in  a  diocese. 

Gath'e-ter,  n.  Instrument  to 
draw  urine  from  the  bladder. 

Gath'o-li-e,  a.  Universal :  per- 
taining   to    all    Christians; 


ii,e,I,o,  u,y,forcg-;  ii,  6,  ~i,o,u,'y,. short ;  c;1re,  car, ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  p"ique: 


firm 


CATHOLICISM 

pertaining  to  the  Church  of 
Rome.  —  n.  A  member  of 
the  Church  of  Rome. 

•Ca-th61'i-Qism,n.  Liberality; 
adherence  to  the  Roman 
Catholic  Church. 

•Gatb/o-KQ'i-ty,  n.  Catholi- 
cism . 

•Ga-th61'i-c6n,  n.  A  universal 
medicine. 

■3at'kin,  n.     A 
species  <tf  in- 


-Gat'nip,  n.  A 
well-known  ar- 
omatic plant. 

■Cat  -o'-nlne'- 
tailg,     n.      A       Catkin 
whip  with  nine  lashes. 

•Gat's'-paw,  n.  The  tool  of 
another;  a  dupe. 

•Gat'tle  (kat'tl),  n.  pi.  Beasts 
of  pasture.  [ing. 

■Gau'-eus,  n.  A  political  meet- 

-Gau'dal,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 
tail. 

■Gau'dle,  n.  A  mixture  of  wine 
and  other  ingredients. 

■Caught  (kawt),  imp.  &  p.  p. 
of  Catch. 

■Gaul,  n.  A  net  for  the  head  ; 
a  membrane  covering  the 
intestines.  [cabbage.' 

-Cau'li-flow'er,  n.  A  species  of 

-Gau-sal'i-ty,  ».  The  agency 
of  a  cause.  [ing. 

-Gau-ga'tion,  n.    Actofcaus- 

-Gaug'a-tive,  a.  Expressing  a 
cause  ;  causing. 

-Cau§e,  n.  That  which,  pro- 
duces an  effect;  reason;  a 
lawsuit ;  side  of  a  question. 
—  v.  t.  To  make  ;  to  exist. 

■G.xuse'way,  n.  A  raised  way 
over  wet  ground. 

•Gaus'tic,  a.  Corrosive. — n. 
A  burning  application. 

-Caus-tic/i-ty,  n.  Quality  of 
being  caustic. 

-Gau'ter-ize,  v.  t.  To  burn  or 
sear  with  a  hot  iron,  &c. 

■Gau'ter-y,  n.  A  searing  with 
a  hot  iron  or  caustics. 

■Gau'tion,  n.  Prudence  ;  care ; 
admonition.  -*-v.  t.  Toad- 
vise  against. 

■Cau'tious,  a.  Prudent  ; 
watchful  against  danger. 


55 

•Gav'al-cade'.n.  A  procession 
on  horseback. 

■Cav'a-lier',  n.  A  horseman  ; 
a  knight.  —  a.  Brave  ; 
haughty  ;  disdainful. 

■Gav'al-ry,  n.  Mounted  troops. 

■Gave,  n.  A  den  ;  a  cavern  ;  a 
hollow  place  in  the  earth. — 
v.  t.  To  make  hollow.  — v. 
i.  To  fall  in. 

■Gav'ern,  n.  A  cave;  a  den. 

•Gav'em-ous,  «•  Hollow. 

■Ga-v'iare'  (-veer'),  In.      The 

-Gav'i-ar,  J     roes  of 

certain  fish  salted. 

•Gav'il  (8),  v.  i.  To  find  fault. 
—  n.    Captious  objection. 

-Gav'i-ty,  n.  A  hollow  place. 

■Gaw,  v.  t.  To  cry,  as  a  rook, 
crow,  or  raven.  —  n.  Cry  of 
a  rook,  raven,  or  crow. 

•Gay-Snne',  n.  A  pungent 
pepper. 

■Ga-zique'  (zeek'),  n.  An  In- 
dian chief,  or  king. 

Qease,  v.  i.  To  stop  ;  to  leave 
off;  to  desist.        [incessant. 

Cease'less,a.  Never  ceasing; 

Qa'dar,  n.  An 
evergreen  tree. 

Qede,  v.  t.  To 
yield  ;  to  give 
up :  to  resign. 

Qe-dil'la,  n.    A 
mark    under  c 
(thus,    e)      giv-       Cedar« 
ing  it  the  sound  of  5. 

C§il,  '••  t.  To  line  the  roof. 

Qeil'ing,  n.  Covering  of  the 
inner  roof.  [to  extol. 

Qel'e-brate,  v.  t.   To  praise  ; 

Qel'e-brat'ed,  a.  Distin- 
guished ;  famous. 

QeFe-bra'tion,  n.  Honor  or 
distinction  bestowed;  com- 
memoration. 

Qe-leb'ri-ty,  n.  Fame  ;  dis- 
tinction ;  renown,      [speed. 

Ce-16r'i-ty,     n.       Swiftness  ; 

Qel'er-y,  n.  A  plant  culti- 
vated for  the  table. 

Qe-lSs'tial  (-lest'yal),  a. 
Heavenly. — n.  An  inhabi- 
tant of  heaven.  [state. 

QeTi-ba-gy,   n.      Unmarried 

Q611,  n.  A  small  room  ;  small, 
closed  cavity.         [building. 

Qed'lar,  n.     A  room  under  a 


CENTRICAL 

C;ell'u-lar,  a.    Consisting  of, 

or  containing,  cells. 
QSlt,  n.     One  of  ancient  rare, 

from  whom  the  Welsh ,  Irish, 

&c,  are  descended.  [Celts. 
Gelt'i-e,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 
Qem'ent,orQe-ment',  v.  An 

adhesive    substance    which 

unites  bodies.  —  v.    To  join 

closely. 
Qem'e-ter/y,    n.       A    place 

where  the  dead  are  buried. 
Qen'o-bite,  n.      A  kind  of 

monk. 
Qen'o-taph,  n.   A  monument 

to  one  buried  elsewhere. 
Cjens'er,  n.     An  incense-pan. 
QSn'sor,  n.   A  Roman  magis- 
trate ;    one  who   examines 

manuscripts  for  the  press; 

a  harsh  critic. 
Qcn-so'ri-ous,    a.      Severe  ; 

prone  to  find  fault. 
Qgn'sur-a-ble  (sCn'shgr-),  a. 

Deserving  of  censure. 
QSn'sure       (sen'shyr),       n. 

Blame. — v.  t.    To^blame. 
■Gfin'sus,  n.     An  official  enu- 
meration of  inhabitants. 
QSnt,   n.    A  copper  or  nickel 

coin  of  the  United  States. 
Qen'taur,    n.      A    fabulous 

monster-,    half    man,    half 

horse.* 
Qen-ten'ni-al,  a.  Happening 

once  in  a  hundred  years. 
Qen'ter  1   (29),  n.    The  mid- 
Qen'tre  f      die  point.  —  v.  t. 

or  i.    To  place  or  meet  on 

the  middle  point. 
C§n'ter-bit,  I  n.    An  instru- 
§£n'tre-bit, )    meut  for  bor- 
ing holes. 
Qen'ti -grade,  a.    Having  a 

hundred  degrees. 
Qen'ti-p6d,n.  An  insect  with 

a  great  many  feet. 
Qgn'to,  n.     A  piece  made  up 

of   passages    from   different 

authors. 
QSn'tral,  a.    Relating  to  the 

center ;  near  the  center. 
Qen'tral-i-za'tion,?;.   Act  of 

centralizing.  [to  a  center. 
C/en'tral-Ize,  v.  t.  To  bring 
Qen'trle,  )  a.  Placed  in 
Q6n'tri-e-al, )       the    center  ; 

central. 


son,  or,  dQ,  w?lf,  too,  took  ;  urn,  rije,  pull ;  9,  g,  soft ;  <;,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


CENTRICITY 

Qen-trTc/i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  centric. 

Qen-trifu-gal,  a.  Tending 
from  the  center. 

Qen-trip'e-tal,  a.  Tending  to 
the  center.  [told. 

Cen'tu-ple,  a.      A  hundred- 

yen-tu'ri-on,  n.  A  Roman 
military  officer  placed  over 
one  hundred  men.      [years. 

Cent'u-ry,    n.      A    hundred 

Qe-phal'ie,  a.  Relating  to 
the  head.    .  [oil,  &c. 

Qe'rate.  n.  Ointment  of  wax, 

Qere,r.  t.     To  wax. 

Qer'e-bral,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  brain. 

Cere'eloth,  n.  A  waxed  cloth. 

Qer'e-mo'ni-al,  a.  Relat- 
ing to  rites.  —  n.  Outward 
form. 

£3r'e-m5'ni-ous,  a.  Full  of 
ceremony  ;  formal ;  exact. 

Cer'e-mo-ny,    n.      Outward 

*  rite.  [one  or  some. 

Cer'tain,  a.     Sure;  regular; 

Qer'tain-ty,  n.  Full  assur- 
ance :  established  fact. 

Qer-tlf'i-eate,  n.  A  testi- 
mony in  writing. 

Qer'ti-fy,  v.  t.  To  give  cer- 
tain notice.  [doubt. 

Qer'ti-tude,  n.  Freedom  from 

ye-ru'le-an,  a.  Sky-colored ; 
blue. 

Qe'ruse.  n.  White  lead  ;  na- 
tive carbonate  of  lead. 

Qer'vi-cal,  a.  Relating  to 
the  neck. 

Qes-sa/tion,  n.  Stop  ;  pause  ; 
rest  ;  respite. 

Qes'sion  (sesb/un),  n.  A  giv- 
ing_up;  a  yielding. 

Qe-su'ra  (18),  n.  A  pause  in 
verse.  [cesura. 

Ce-su'ral,  a.    Relating  to  a 

Qe-ta'cean,  n.  An  animal  of 
the  whale  kind.  [kind. 

Qe-ta'ceous,  a.    Of  the  whale 

Chafe.  —  v.  t.ori.  To  fret; 
to  irritate.  —  n.     Irritation. 

Chafer,  n.  One  who  chafes  ; 
an  insect.  [refuse. 

Criaff  (1),  n.  Husks  of  grain  ; 

Chaffer,  v.     To  bargain. 

Chaffinch,  n.  A  singing 
bird  ;  a  kind  of  finch. 

Chaffy,  a.    Full  of  chaff. 


56 

Cha'fing-dish,  n.  A  dish  for 
holding  hot  coals,  &c. 

Qha-green'  (sha-green'),  n. 
A  rough-grained  leather. 

Cha-grin',  n.  Ill-humor; 
vexation.  — v.  t.     To  vex. 

Chain,  n.  A  line  of  links.  — 
v.  t.  To  fasten  with  a  chain. 

Chain'-shot,  n. 
pi.     Shot  con- 
nected    by     a  Chain-shot, 
chain  or  bar. 

Chair,  n.    A  movable  seat. 

Chair 'man  (21),  n.  A  pre- 
siding officer. 

Qhaige,  n.  A  two-wheeled 
covered  carriage. 

Chal-ged'o-ny,  or  •Chal'ge- 
do-ny,  n.  A  variety  of 
quartz. 

Chal'dron.  n.  A  measure  of 
38  bushels.       [munion  cup. 

Chal'ige,  n.      A  cup  ;  a  com- 

Chalk  (chawk),  n.  A  white 
calcareous  earth. — v.t.  To 
mark  with  chalk. 

Chalk'y  (chawk'y),  a.  Con- 
sisting- of,  or  resembling, 
chalk. 

Challenge,  v.  t.  To  call  to 
fight ;  to  claim  as  due ;  to 
object  to.  —  n.  Summons  to 
a  contest  ;  exception  to  a 
juror.  [nated  with  iron. 

-Gha-lyb'e-ate,   a.      Impreg- 

Cham'ber ,  n.An  upper  room ; 
a  hollow  place  ;  a  kind  of 
court. — v.  t.ori.  To  lodge. 

Cham'ber-lain,  n.  An  over- 
seer of  the  chambers. 

Cham'ber-maid,  n.  A  female 
who  has  the  charge  of  bed- 
chambers. 

Cha-me'le-on,  n.  A  species 
of  lizard,  whose  color  is 
changeable. 

Cham'fer,  r.  t.  To  cut  a 
groove  in  ;  to  bevel. 

C.  h  a  m'o  i  8 
(shani'my 
or  s  h  a  - 
mov'),  n. 
A  kind  of 
antelope. 

■eiiam'o- 
mIle,K.  A 
plant.  Chamois. 

Champ,  v.  t.  or  i.    To  chew 


CHAPERON 

Qham-pagne'  (sham-pan'),  n. 
A  brisk,  sparkling  wine. 

Qham-paign'  (sham-pan'),  a. 
Open;  flat.  —  n.  An  open, 
flat  country. 

Cham'pi-on,  n.  A  combatant 
for  another,  or  for  a  cause. 

Change,  n.  Au  unforeseen 
occurrence.  —  SYN.  Acci- 
dent ;  hazard ;  opportunity. 

—  v.  i.     To  happen. 
Chan'gel,  n.  Part  of  a  church 

where  the  altar  stands. 

Chan'gel-lor(7),  n.  An  officer 
of  state  ;  judge  of  a  court  of 
equity.  [equity. 

Chan'cer-y,  n.    A  court  of 

Qhan'de-lier',  n.  A.  frame  or 
support  for  lights. 

Chan'dler,n.  Onewhodealsiu 
candles,  &c.  [by  a  chandler. 

Chan'dler-y,  n.  Articles  sold 

Change,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  alter  ; 
to  exchange.  —  n.  Altera- 
tion ;  small  money. 

Change'a-ble,  a.  Subject  to 
change  ;  fickle. 

Change'ful,«.  Full  of  change. 

Change'less,  a.  Constant ;  in- 
variable. 

Change'ling,  n.  A  fickle  per- 
son ;  an  idiot. 

Chan'nel,  n.  Course  of  a 
stream  ;  a  furrow  ;  a  groove. 
— v.  t.  (8),  To  cut  into 
channels ;  to  groove. 

Chant,  v.  t.  or  ?.  To  sing ;  to 
recite  to  musical  tones  with- 
out musical  measure.  —  n. 
Song ;  musical  recitation. 

Chant'i-eleer,  n.  The  male 
of  domestic  fowls ;  a  cock. 

Chant'ry,  n.  A  chapel  to 
sing  mass  in  for  the  souls  of 
the  donors. 

Cha'os  (ka'os),  n.  Confused 
mass  of  matter ;  confusion. 

Cha-6t'i€  (ka-Ot'ik),  a.  Re- 
sembling chaos ;  confused. 

Chap  (chap  or  chop),  «.  A 
crack  in  flesh. —  i\  t.  or  ?*. 
To  open ;  to  crack ;  to  split. 

—  n.     A  boy  ;  a  buyer. 
Chap'el,  n.     A  place  of  wor- 
ship, [of  a  chapel. 

Chap'el -ry,  n.      Jurisdiction 

Cjhap'er-6n  (shap'cr-on),  v.  t. 

To   attend   and    protect    in 


Ei, 0,1,5,  u,y,/on£-;  u,  c,I,  6,ti,y,short;  core,  car, ask, all, what;  ere, veil,  term  j  pique,  firm; 


CHAPLAIN 


57 


CHILD 


public.  —  n.  A  lady's  attend- 
ant and  protector. 

Chap'lain,  ft.  A  clergyman 
of  the  army  or  navy,  &c. 

Chap'lain-gy,     )  n.       Office 

Chap'lam-ship, )  of  a  chap- 
lain, [wreath. 

Chap'let,   n.     A   garland   or 

Chap'man  (21),  n.     A  dealer. 

Chaps  (chops),  n.  pi.  The 
mouth  qr  jaws. 

Chap'ter,  n.  A  division  of  a 
book  ;  an  organized  branch 
of  some  body. 

Char,  v.  t.  To  reduce  to  coal. 

•Ghar'a-e-ter,  n.  A  mark  or 
letter  ;  peculiar  quality  ; 
reputation. 

-Char'ae-ter-is'tic,  a.  Con- 
stituting or  indicating  char- 
acter. —  n.  That  which 
marks  the  character. 

■Char'a-c-ter-ize,  v.  t.  To  dis- 
tinguish or  express  the  pe- 
culiar qualities  of.  [die. 

Qha-rade',  n.    Akindofrid- 

Char'-eoal,  n.  Coal  from  wood. 

Charge,  v.  t.  To  impose;  to 
enjoin;  to  accuse;  to  im- 
pute;'to  load.  —  v.  i.  To 
make  an  onset.  —  n.  Care ; 
command ;  commission  ;  ex- 
pense ;  onset.  v 

Charge'a4)le,  a.  Expensive. 

Char'ger,  n.  A  large  dish  ;  a 
war-horse.  [gaily. 

Char'i-ly,  adv.    "Warily  ;  fru- 

Char'i-ot,  n.  A  carriage  of 
pleasure  or  state. 

Char'i-ot-eer',  n.  Driver  of 
a  chariot.  [kind. 

Char'i-ta-ble,    a.      Liberal  ; 

Char'i-ty,  n.  Love  ;  liberal- 
ity ;  alms ;  candor,     [quack. 

Qharl'a-tan  (sharF-),  n.    A 

Qharl'a-tan-ry,n.  Quackery. 

Charm,  n.  Magic  power ; 
spell;  enchantment. — r.  /. 
To  delight ;  to  delude  ;  to 
subdue.  — v.  i.  To  act  as  a 
charm.  "^ 

Charm'ing,  a.    Delightful. 

Char'nel-house,  n.  A  place 
under  a  church  for  bones  of 
the  dead.  [coasts,  &c. 

Chart,   n.     A  delineation  of 

Char'ter,  n.  A  deed  or  con- 
veyance ;  a  patent ;  a  grant. 


—  v.  t.  To  establish  by  char- 
ter ;  to  let  or  hire,  as  a  ves- 
sel, [political  reformer. 

Chart'ist,    n.      An    English 

Char'y,  a.  Careful ;  cautious. 

Chase,  v.  t.  To  hunt;  to  pur- 
sue. —  n.  Pursuit;  a  print- 
er's frame ;  a  wide  groove. 

■Chasm  (kfizm),  n.  A  cleft: 
gap ;  opening. 

Chaste,  a.    Undefined;  pure. 

Chas'ten  (chiis'n),  v.  t.  To 
correct  by  punishment. 

Chas'ten-ing,  n.    Correction. 

Chas-tlse',  t».  t.  To  correct. 

Chas'ti§e-ment,  n.  Correct- 
ive punishment. 

Ch&s'ti-ty,      I  n.      Purity  of 

Chaste'ness,  1  body  or  words. 

Chat,  v.  i.  To  talk  familiarly. 

—  n.  Idle  or  familiar  talk. 
Qhat-eau'   (shat-o'),   «•      A 

castle  or  country-seat. 

Chat'tel  (chfit'tl),  n.  Any 
movable  property. 

Chat'ter,  v.  ?'.  To  talk  idly.— 
K.  A  prating;  noise  of 
birds. 

Chat'ter-b6x,  n.  One  who 
talks  incessantly. 

Chat'ty,  a.  Talkative,    [mon. 

Cheap,  a.   Of  low  price ;  com- 

Cheap'en,  v.  t.  To  attempt 
to  buy  ;  to  chaffer  for. 

Cheap'ness,  n.  Lowness  of 
price. 

Cheat,  n.  A  trick ;  a  deceiv- 
er.—  v.  t.     To  deceive. 

Check,  t>.  t.  To  curb  or  re- 
strain ;  to  mark  off,  as  in  a 
list.  —  n.  Restrain  t ;  an  or- 
der for  money. 

Check'er,  v.  t.  To  diversify. 

CMck'er-board,  n.  A  board 
for  playing  checkers  on. 

Check'ers,  n.  pi.  A  game  on 
a  checkered  board. 

Check'mate,  n.  A  movement 
in  chess  that  ends  the  game. 

—  v.  t.  To  defeat  com- 
pletely. 

Cheek,"n.  The  side  of  the  face. 

Cheer,  n.  Mirth  ;  entertain- 
ment; acclamation.  — 1>.  t. 
To  cause  to  rejoice ;  to  en- 
liven ;  to  salute  by  cheers. 

Cheer'ful,  a.  Lively;  gay; 
sprightly  ;  animated. 


Cheer'ful-ness,  n.    Gayety, 

alacrity.  [sad ;  gloomy. 

Cheer'less,  a.  Comfortless; 
Cheer'y,  a.  Gay  ;  sprightly. 
Cheese,  n.    The  curd  of  milk 

coagulated  and  pressed. 
Cheese'-eake,  n.      A   cake 

made  of  soft  curds,  sugar, 

and  butter. 
€hem'i-e-al,a.   Pertaining  to 

chemistry. 
ghe-m'i§e'  (she-meez'),  «•  An 

under  garment  of  a  woman. 
€hem'ist,  n.      One  versed  in 

chemistry. 
£hem'is-try,  n.  -Science  that 

treats  of  the  composition  and 

changes  of  substances. 
Cher'ish,  v.  t.     To  treat  with 

tenderness;  to  nouiish. 
Cher'ry,  n.      A  tree  and  its 

fruit, 
-eher'so-nese.n.  A  peninsula. 
Cher'ub  (25),  n       A  celestial 

spirit ;  an  angel. 
Che-ru'bk:,  a.  Angelic,  [skill. 
Chess,  n.     A  certain  game  of 
Chess'-board ,  n.      A    Ik  aid 

used  in  the  game  of  chess. 
Chest,  n._A  large  box;    the 

thorax. 
Chest'nut,  n.     A  tree  and  its 

nut.  —  a.     Reddish  brown. 
Qhev'a-lier'  (shev'-),  n.     A 

knight ;  horseman  ; cavalier 
Chew  (ehcTo),  r.  t.     To  grind 

with  the  teeth  ;  to  masticate. 
Chi-eane'  (shi-),  )  n.     Shift  : 
Qhi-ean'er-y,       )      trickery. 
Chick,        )  n.    The  young  of 
Chick'en, )     fowls. 
Chlck'en-hearVed,  a.   Cow- 
ardly ;  timid. 
Chick'en-p6x,  n.      A  conta- 
gious eruptive  disease. 
Chick'weed,  n.     A  weed. 
Chide,  v.  t.  [imp.  chid  :  p.  p. 

CHID,  CHIDDEN.)  To  scold. 
Chief,  a.     Highest  in  office  ; 

principal.  —  n.      A    leader; 

commander ;  head  of  a  clan. 
Chiefly,  adv.      Principally  ; 

especially. 
Chieftain,  n.    A  captain  or 

leader. 
Chil'blain,  n.     A  swelling  or 

sore  caused  by  cold.        [ter. 
Child  (22),  n.  Asonordaugh- 


8on,  or,  do,  wolf,  tJo,  tobk;  Cm,  rue,  pull;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  a^  ;  exist;  ij  as  ng;  tliis. 


CHILDBED 


58 


CHUM 


Child'bed,  n.     The  state  of 

travail  or  childbirth. 
Chlld'birth,  n.  Travail ;  labor. 
Child'hobd,  n.     State    of  a 

child  ;  time  of  being  a  child. 
Chlld'ish,  a.     Like  a  child  ; 

simple  ;  trifling. 
Child'less,a.  Havingnochild. 
Chil'dren,  n.  pi.  of  Child. 
Chill  (1),  a.  Cold;  inducing  a 

shivering. — n.       Moderate 

cold.  —  v.  t.   To  make  cold  ; 

to  discourage. 
Chill'i-ness,  n.    Coldness. 
Chill'y,  a.  Somewhat  cold. 
Chime,  n.      A  set  of  bells  or 

the   tune  played  on   them  ; 

edge  of  a  cask.  —  r.  i.     To 

sound  in  harmony. 
Chim'er,  n.  One  who  chimes. 
-Chi-me'ra  (18),   ».     A  vain, 

idle  fancy.  [fanciful. 

■ehi-mer'i-cal,a.  Imaginary ; 
Chim'ney  (19),  n.     A  Hue  or 

passage  for  smoke.  [face. 
Chin,  n.  Lower  end  of  the 
Chi'na(18),«.   A  fine  kind  of 

earthen-ware ;  porcelain. 
Chine,  it.  Back -bone ;  part  of 

a  cask  in  which  the  head  is. 
Chink,   n.      Gap  ;    opening; 

crack. — v.    To  crack;    to 

jingle. 
Chink'y,  a.     Having  chinks. 
Chintz  (chints),  n.      Cotton 

cloth  printed  with  colors. 
Chip,  n.     A  piece  cut  off;  a 

fragment. — v.   t.      To  cut 

iuto  small  pieces.  — v.  i.   To 

break  off  in  small  pieces, 
-ehi-rosj'ra-pher,  n.  A  writer. 
•Chi-rog'ra-phy,n.  One's  own 

hand-writing;  penmanship. 
•ChT'ro-man'Qy,  n.     Divina- 
tion by  inspecting  the  hand. 
-GhI-r5p'o-dist,  «.    One  who 

extracts  corns  from  feet. 
Chirp,  v.   i.      To   make  the 

noise  of  small  birds. — n.    A 

short,  sharp  note,  as  of  a 

small  bird.  [chirping. 

Chir'rup,  v.  t.  To  animate  by 
Chis'el,  n.  A  tool  for  paring, 

hewing,  or  gouging. v.  t. 

(8)  To  cut  with  a  chisel. 
Chit,  n.  A  shoot ;  small  child. 
Chit'chat,  n.    Familiar  talk. 
Qhiv'al-rie,  a.  Chivalrous. 


Qhiv'al-rous  (shift/-),  «•  Per- 
taining to  chivalry ;  gallant. 

Qhiv'al-ry  (shiv'al-ry),  n. 
Knight  errantry  ;  valor. 

Chiveg,  n.  pi.  Threads  in 
blossoms. 

-Chlo'rine,  n.  Heavy  green- 
ish colored  gas.  [full. 

Ch6ck'-full,  a.     Completely 

Ch6€'o-late,  n.  A  preparation 
of  the  cacao-nut. 

Choice,  n.  Act  of  choosing. — 
a.    Select ;  precious. 

■Choir  (kwlr),  n.  Part  of  a 
church  ;  body  of  singers. 

Choke,  v.  t.  To  stop  the 
windpipe  ;  to  suffocate.  — 
v.  i.  To  have  the  windpipe 
stopped. 

Choke'-damp,  n.  A  noxious 
vapor  in  wells,  mines,  &c. 

Choke'  full,  a.  Full  to  chok- 
ing ;  quite  full. 

Choke'-pear,  n.  A  kind  of 
pear,  very  astringent. 

Chok'y,a.  Tending  to  choke. 

■Chol'er,  n.  Bile  ;  g.tll ;  anger. 

•Chol'er-a,  n.  A  malignant 
disease. 

-ChSFer-a-mor'bus.  n.  A 
milder  form  of  cholera. 

■Gh61'er-i€,  a.  Passionate. 

Choose,  v.  t.  [imp.  chose  ; 

p.     p.     CHOSEN,     CHOSE.] 

To  make  choice  of.  —  Syn. 
To  prefer;  elect.  — v.  i.  To 
make  a  selection. 

Chop  (7),  v.  t.  or  t.  To  cut ;  to 
mince  ;  to  barter.  —  n.  A 
small  piece  of  meat,  [house. 

Chftp'-house,  n.    A  dining- 

Chop'ping,  a.  Large  ;  plump. 

Ch6ps.  7i.pl.  The  jaws. 

■Cho'ral  (ko'ral),  a.  Belong- 
ing to  a  choir. 

■Chord,  n.  String  of  a  musical 
instrument    ;  c 

concord  ; 
line      uniting    A( 
the     extremi- 
ties of  an  arc. 

Chore,    n.      A 


job     of 


Chord. 


work.  ac,  ab,  chords. 

■Ch6r'is-ter,  n.  A  leader  of  a 
choir  ;  a  chorist. 

•Cho-r6g'ra-phy,  n.  Descrip- 
tion of  a  particular  region. 


■Cho'rus  (18),  7i.  A  company  of 
singers ;  part  of  a  song  iu 
which  all  join. 

Ch6§e,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Choose. 

Chosen  (cho'zu),  p.  p.  of 
Choose.       [the  crow  family. 

Chough  (chuf),  n.    A  bird  of 

Chow'der,  n.  Fish,  biscuit, 
&c,  stewed  together. 

■Chrigm,  n.  Consecrated  oil. 

■Christ,*!.     The  Messiah. 

■Chris'ten  (krls'n),  v.  t.  To 
baptize  and  name. 

■Chrls'ten-dom  (kns'n-),  n. 
Territory  of  Christians. 

■Chris'tian  (krlst'yan),  n.  A 
disciple  of  Christ.  —  a.  Per- 
taining to  Christ.  —  Chris- 
tian name,  the  first  name. 

■Chris -tian'i-ty,  n.  The  re- 
ligion taught  by  Christ. 

-Chrls'tian-Ize,  v.  t.  To  con- 
vert to  Christianity. 

•Christ'mas  (krls'nias).  n.  The 
feast  of  Christ's  nativity. 

•Chro-mat'i-e,  a.  Relating  to 
colors  and  to  a  scale  in  music. 

•Chrome,  )n.      A    hard 

-Ghro'mi-um,  {'brittle  metal 
of  a  grayish-white  color. 

-GhrSn'Hj.  a.  Of  long  duration. 

•Chr6n'i-€le  (kron'i-kl),  n.  A 
register  of  events. —  v.  t.  To 
record  in  history. 

•€hro-n61'o-ger,   I  n.        One 

■Chro-nSl'o-glst.  (  who  stud- 
ies or  explains  chronology. 

■ChrSn'o-ldg'ie,      I  a      Pee- 

-Chr6n'o-16g'i€-al,  I  taining 
to  chronology. 

■Chro-n61'o-gy,  n ■  The  science 
of  computing  dates. 

•Chro-nom'e-ter,  n.  A  very 
exact  time-piece. 

-Chr^s'a-lis,  n.  Form  of  a 
butterfly  before  it  reaches 
the  winged  state,     [mineral. 

■Chrys'o-lite,  n.     A  greenish 

Chub,  n.     A  fresh-water  fish. 

Chub'bed,  I  a.     Big-headed  ; 

Chub'by,    I      stupid  ;  thick. 

Chuck,  v.  To  make  a  noise  as 
alien.  —  n.    Noise  of  a  hen. 

Chuck'le,  v.  To  laugh  in- 
wardly ;  to  call,  as  a  hen. 

Chuff,  n.  A  coarse,  surly  fel- 
low. 

Chum,  n.  A  room-mate. 


, o,u,y,  long;  &)  £>*)  o,\i,y,  short ;  care, car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pYque,  firm 


CHUNK 

Chunk,  n.  ;A  short,  thick 
piece  of  wood. 

Church  (18),  n.  A  place  of 
worship ;  a  body  of  Chris-- 
tians. —  v.  t.  To  give  thanks 
for  in  church. 

Church'mJyn  (21),  n.  An 
Episcopalian ;  a  clergyman. 

Church'-war'den  (-wor'du), 
n.  An  officer  of  the  church. 

Church'-yard,  n.  A  grave- 
yard near  a  church. 

Churl,  n.  A  rustic  ;  a  rough, 
surly  fellow  ;  a  niggard. 

Chmi'ish,  a.  Surly  ;  rude. 

Churn,  n.  A  vessel  in  which 
butter  is  made.  —  v.t.  To 
agitate,  as  cream ,  for  making 
butter. 

•Chyle,  n.  A  milky  fluid  de- 
rived from  chyme. 

•Chyme,  n.  Pulp  formed  from 
food  digested  in  the  stomach. 

Ci-c'a-trlge, n.  a  scar;  mark. 

§i€'a-trize,  v.  To  heal  by 
forming  a  skin  over  a  wound. 

CJ'der,  ii.  Juice  of  apples, 
usually  fermented. 

Ql-gar',  it.  A  roll  of  tobacco 
for  smoking.  [eye-Uds. 

Cil'i-a-ry,a.  Belonging  to  the 

Cinet'ure,  ft.  A  belt ;  girdle. 

yin'der,  n.  A  small  coal. 

Qin'na-mon,  n.  The  inner 
bark  of  a  species  of  laurel. 

Cinque  (sink),  n.  The  num- 
ber five  ;  —  used  in  games. 

Qinque'foil,  n.  A  five-leaved 
rosette  in  architecture. 

Qi'on,  it.  A  shoot  of  a  tree  for 
grafting. 

CT'pher,  n.  The  figure  0  ;  in- 
itial letters  of  a  name  in- 
woven ;  a  secret  writing.  — 
v.  i.  To  use  figures. 

Qlr'<ile,n.  Around 
figure  ;  an  orb  ; 
sun-ounding  com- 


pany ;     a    prov 
ince. —  v .  To  movo 
roundor  circular-     circle, 
ly.- 
Qir'-euit  (sir'kit),  n.     A  dis- 
trict. —  v.  t.   To  make  to  go 
round.  [about. 

Cir-eu'i-tous,     a.        Round 
QIr'€U-lar,  a.    Round  like  a 
circle ;  ending  in  itself. 


59 

Qlr'cu-lar'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  circular,    [cularfonn. 

Qir'cu-lar-ly,  adv.    In  a  cir- 

Qir'cu-late,  v.  i.  To  move 
round. —  v.  t.  To  cause  to 
pass  round. 

Qir'-eu-la'tion,  n.  A  passing 
round ;  currency. 

Qir'-eum-am'bi-ent,  a.  Sur- 
rounding. 

Qir-eum-am'bu-late,  v.  t. 
To  walk  round  about. 

QIr'«um-gi§e,  v.  t.  To  de- 
prive of  the  foreskin. 

Qlr'-eum-gig'ion  (-sTzh'un), 
n.  Act  of  circumcising. 

Qir-eum'fer-enge,  n.  The 
line  that  bounds  the  circle. 

Qlr'-eum-flex,  n.  An  accent 
marked  thus  (  "  or  "  ). 

Qir-cum'flu-enge,  it.  Flow- 
ing round.  [round. 

Qir-cum'flu-ent,  a.  Flowing 

Qlr'-eum-fuse',  v.  t.  To  pour 
or  spread  round. 

Qiiy-eum-fu'gion,  n.  Act  of 
pouring  round.        [around. 

Cir^um-ja'Qent,    o.     Lying 

Qlr'-eum-lo-eu'tion,  n.  The 
use  of  indirect  expressions. 

Cir'-eum-loe'u-to-ry,  a.  Con- 
sisting in  circumlocution. 

Qlr'-eum-nav'i-gate,  v.  t.  To 
sail  round,      [sailing  round. 

Clr'-eum-nav'i-ga'tion,  n.  A 

Qir'eum-nav'i-ga'tor,  n. 
One  who  sails  around. 

Qir'eum-pS'lar,  a.  About 
one  of  the  poles  of  the  earth. 

Qir'eum-s-eribe',  v.  t.  To  in- 
close; to  limit. 

CJr^um-s-erfp'tion,  n.  Limi- 
tation ;  confinement. 

QIr'€um-spe€t,  a.  Guarded  ; 
prudent ;  wary. 

Qir'-eum-sp&e'tion,  n.  Vigi- 
lance; watchfulness. 

Qir'<mm-stange,  n.  Some- 
thing pertaining  to  a  fact, 
but  not  essential  thereto  ; 
(pi.)  state  as  to  property.  — 
S\'N.  Fact ;  event ;  incident. 
—  v.  t.  To  place  in  a  partic- 
ular situation. 

Qlr'-eum-stan'tial,  a.  Par- 
ticular ;  minute ;  abounding 
with  circumstances. 

CJr'-eum-stan'tials-!,    n.    pi. 


§ 


CLAIMANT 

Things  incident,  but  not  es- 
sential. 

Qir'-eum-val-la'tion,  n.  A 
fortification  round  a  place. 

Qir'-eum-vent',  v.  t.  To  de- 
ceive. 

Qlr'cum-ven'tion,  n.  De- 
ceptionj  imposture ;  fraud. 

Qir'eygfn-  A  place  for  games 
or  feats  of  horsemanship. 

Qis-al'pine,  a.  South  of  the 
Alps,     [side  of  the  Atlantic. 

Qis'at-lan'tie,    a.     On    this 

Qis'tern,  n.  A  large  vessel 
for  water,  &c. ;  reservoir; 
tank.  [tempt. 

Qit,  n.     A   citizen; — in  con- 

Qlt'a-del,  n.    A  fortress  in  or 

near  a  city.  [quotation. 

'  ta'tion,  n.    A  summons  ; 

)I'ta-to-ry,  a.  Citing ;  calling. 

Qlte,  v.  t.  To  summon  •  to 
quote. 

Qit'i-zen,  n.  An  inhabitant 
of  a  city  ;  a  freeman. 

Cit'rie,  a.  Belonging  to  lem- 
ons, [oh. 

Cit'ron,  n.    A  species  of  lein- 

QIt'y(19),n.  An  incorpoi'ated 
town  ;  a  large  town. 

Qiv'et,  n.  A  quadruped,  and 
a  perfume  produced  by  it. 

Civ'ie,  a.  Relating  to  civil 
life. 

CjiVil,  a.  Pertaining  to  a  city 
or  state,  or  to  society  ;  cour- 
teous; polite. 

Qi-vil'ian,  n.  One  versed  in 
civil  law  ;  one  in  a  civil  ca- 
pacity, [courtesy. 

Cl-Vil'i-ty,     n.       Politeness  ; 

Qiv'il-i-za/tion,  n.  Act  of 
civilizing. 

Civ'il-Ize,  v.  t.  To  reclaim 
from  barbarism.  [lite. 

CIv'il-ized,  a.     Polished  ;  po- 

Qiv'il-ly,  adv.  In  a  civil  man- 
ner. 

•Clack,  v.  i.  To  make  a  sudden 
sharp  noise,  as  by  striking. 
—  n.    A  sudden  sharp  noise. 

Clack'er,n.  One  who,  or  that 
which,  clacks. 

■ei&d,p.  p.  of  Clothe. 

Claim,  v.  t.  To  demand  ;  to 
require.  —  n.  A  demand  as 
of  right ;  a  title. 

Claim'ant.n.  Onewhoclaims. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  tub,  tdbk  ;   urn,  rue,  pull;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist;  n  as  ng;  this. 


CLAIRVOYANCE 


60 


CLIP 


Clair-voy'ange.  n.  Discern- 
ment of  things  not  present 
to  the  senses. 

Claim,  n.  A  bivalve  shell-fish. 

Clam'ber,  v.  i.  To  climb 
with  hands  and  feet. 

Clam'mi-ness.n.  Stickiness. 

Clam'my,«.  Viscous;  stickyr. 

Clam'or,  n.  Noise  of  voices. 
—  p.  i.     To  be  vociferous. 

Clam'or-ous,  a.  Noisy  with 
the  tongue  ;  loud  ;  vocifer- 
ous. 

•Clamp,  n.  A  piece  of  iron  or 
timber  for  fastening  things 
together.  —  v.  t.  To  unite 
or  strengthen  by  a  clamp. 

Clan,  n.  A  family  ;  race  ; 
tribe  ;  sect. 

Clan-des'tine,  a.  Concealed. 

-Clang,  r.  i.  To  make  a  sharp 
shrill  sound.  — n.  A  sharp 
ringing  souud.  [sound. 

Clan'gor,  n.     A  loud,  harsh 

Clank,  n.  A  loud  ringing 
sound,  as  of  a  chain.  —  c.  t. 
To  make  a  noise. 

Clap  (7),  v.  t.  To  strike  to- 
gether.—  n.  A  striking  of 
hands. 

Clap'board(klaVurd),  n.  A 
narrow  kind  of  board  for 
covering  houses. 

Clap'per,  ?>■  One  who,  or  that 
which,  claps. 

Clap'-trap,  «.  A  trick  or 
device  to  gain  applause. 

Clar'et,  n.     A  French  wine. 

Clar'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  make  clear ; 
to  purify. 

Clar'i-net',     In.  A  wind  in- 

Clar'i-o  net',  J     strument. 

Clar'i-on,  n.  A  wind  instru- 
ment of.  the  reed  kind. 

Clash,  v.  t.  To  strike  noisily 
against.  —  v.  i.  To  dash 
noisily  together. — n.  Noisy 
collision. 

Clash'ing,  a.  Contrary:  in- 
terfering. —  ft.  Opposition ; 
collision. 

Clasp,  n.  A  hook  ;  a  close 
embrace. — v.  t.  To  em- 
brace ;  to  hold  fast ;  to  in- 
close. 

Class  (2),  n.  A  group;  a 
rank  ;  an  order.  — v.  t.  To 
arrange  in  a  class. 


Clas'sle,  n.  An  author  of 
the  first  rank. 

Clas'si-c,       I  a.  Pertaining  to 

Clas'si-e-al,  I  authors  of  ac- 
knowledged excellence. 

Clas'si-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
arranging  in  classes. 

Clas'si-fy,  v.  t.  To  form  a 
class. 

Clat'ter,  n.   A  rattling  noise. 

—  v.  i.  To  make  rattling 
sounds. 

Clat'ter-ing,  n.  Clatter  ;  rat- 
tle ;  confusion  of  sounds. 

Clause,  n.  Part  of  a  sentence. 

Claw",  ft.  A  hooked  nail.  — 
V.  t.     To  tear  with  claws. 

Clay,  n.  A  kiud  of  soft  earth. 

—  v.  t.  To  manure,  or  to 
purify,  with  clay.  [clay. 

Clay'ey,    a.      Consisting  of 

Clean,  a.  Free  from  dirt; 
pure.  —  v.  t.  To  free  from 
dirt  ;  to  purify.  —  adv. 
Fully  ;  entirely. 

Clean'li-ness  (13),  n.  Neat- 
ness; purity. 

Clean'ly  (klen'ly),  a.  Free 
from  dirt ;  neat. 

Clean'ly,  adv.    Nicely. 

Cleanse,  v.  t.    To  purify. 

Clear  fa.  Free  from  mixture ; 
pure  ;  audible  ;  indisput- 
able.—  n.  Full  extent. — 
v.  t.  To  free  from  impuri- 
ties ;  to  acquit ;  to  pass  over. 

—  v.  i.  To  become  fair;  to 
become  free ;  to  have  per- 
mission to  sail.  —  adv. 
Plainly  ;  completely. 

Qlear'ange,  n.    A  permit  to 

sail. 
Clear'ing,  n.  A  justification  ; 

defense  ;    a    tract    of   land 

cleared  of  wood. 
Clear'ly,     adv.       Brightly ; 

plainly  ;  evidently. 
Cleat,  n.     A    narrow 

strip  for  fastening. 
Cleav'age.  n.    Act  or 

quality  of  cleaving. 
Cleave,   v.   i.      [imp. 

cleaved;     p.     p. 

CLEFT,       CLOVEN. 
CLEAVED.]     To  stick  ;    to 
adhere.  —  v.  t.     To  split. 
Cleav'er,  n.    A  butcher's  in- 
strument. 


i 
Cleat. 


Clef  (l),»i.  (.Mitt.)  A  charac- 
ter to  show  the  key. 

Cleft,  p.  p.  or  p.  a.  Split ;  di- 
vided.—  n.  A  crack  ;  a  split. 

Clem'en-cy,  n.  A  disposition 
to  treat  with  lenity.  —  Svn. 
Mildness  ;  tenderness ;  len- 
ity ;  kindness. 

Clem'ent,  a.    Mild  ;  kind. 

Cler'gy,  n.  The  ministers 
of  the  gospel. 

Cler'gy-man  (21),  n.  A  min- 
ister of  the  gospel. 

Cler'ie-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  clergy. 

Clerk  (in  Eng.  kliirk).  n.  A 
parish  officer  ;  a  scribe  ;  an 
accountant ;  an  assistant  in 
a  shop.  [clerk. 

Clerk'ship,  n.     Office  of  a 

Clev'er,  o.  Dexterous ;  ex- 
pert ;  adroit ;  agreeable. 

Clev'is,  )  n.     A  bent  iron  on 

Clev'y,  |  the  end  of  a  cart- 
tongue,  plow-beam,  &c. 

Clew,  n.  A  ball  of  thread  ; 
a  guide ;  corner  of  a  sail.  — 
v.  t.  To  truss  up  to  the  yard. 

Click,  v.  i.  To  make  a  small 
sharp  noise  ;  to  tick.  —  n. 
A  sharp  noise.        [attorney. 

Cli'ent,   n.    Employer  of  an 

Cliff  (1),  n.     A  steep  rock  ;  a 

precipice.  [craggy. 

I  Cliffy,    a.      Having    cliffs  ; 

i  CH-ma-e'ter-i-e,  n.   A  critical 

|      period  of  human  life. 

i  ClI'mate,  n.  A  region  or  tract 

of  country  ;   condition  of  a 

place  as  to  temperature,  &c. 

Cll'max,  n.  Gradation  or  as- 
cent in  a  sentence. 

Climb  (kllm),  i\  To  mount 
by  hands  and  feet. 

Clime,  n.     A  climate. 

Clinch,  v.  t.  To  gripe ;  to 
hold  fast.  —  n.     Fast  hold. 

Cling,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  ».  p. 
CLUNG.]  To  adhere ;  to 
hang  to  or  upon. 

Clin'ie,       I  a-   Pertaining  to 

Clm'i-e-al,  i     a  sick  bed. 

Clink,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  make,  or 
to  cause  to  make,  a  slightly 
ringing  sound. 

Clink'er,  n.  Vitrified  matter 
which  collects  in  furnaces. 

Clip  (7),  v.  t.     To  cut  short. 


3,  e,  1, 5,  u,  y,  long;  a,  e,  T,  o,  d,  y.  short;  care,  car,  ask,  all, what ;  ere,  veil,  tSnn  ;  pique,  firm  ; 


CLIPPER 


61 


COCK-LOFT 


■eiip'per,  n.     One  who  clips; 

a  vessel  for  fast  sailing. 
■Glip'ping,  re.     That  which  is 

clipped  off. 
•Cloak,  v\L    To  cover  with  a 

cloak  ;  to  conceal.  —  n.     A 

loose  outer  garment. 
■Clock,  n.    An  instrument  for 

measuring  tiins. 
■ei63k'-work     (-wQrk),      re. 

Well-adjusted     machinery, 

like  that  of  a  clock. 
Cldd,  n.     A  lump  of  earth. 
Clod'hdp-per,  n.    A  rustic; 

a  clown. 
■Cloff,  re.     See  Clougk. 
Clog,  v.  t.  To  hinder  iu  motion. 

—  re.     Obstruction;   a  kind 
of  heavy  shoe,  often  of  wood. 

Clois'ter,  n.  A  nunnery  or 
monastery.  —  v  t.  To  im- 
mure in  a  cloister. 

■Cljse,  v.  t.  To  shut;  to  con- 
clude. —  v.  i.  To  unite  ;  to 
terminate.  —  n.  Conclu- 
sion ;  a  small  inclosed  field. 

■Close,  a.  Shut  fast ;  private ; 
solid ;  niggardly ;  sly.  — adv. 
In  a  close  manner  or  state. 

•Close'-flst'ed,  a.     Covetous. 

■CISse'ly  ( 10),  adv.  In  a  close 
manner ;  very  near. 

Close'-stdbl ,  re.  A  stool  made 
to  hold  a  chamber-vessel. 

C16s/et,  n.  A  small  private 
apartment.  — v.  t.  To  shut 
up  in  privacy. 

Clos'ing,  n.  End ;  conclu- 
sion.—  a..  Concluding. 

Clos'ure  (klo'zhur),  n.  A 
closing  ;  inelosure. 

■Clot,  n.  A  concretion ;  coagu- 
lation.—  v.     To  form  clots. 

■eiath,  n.  (pi.  -eidths.)  Any 
material  formed  by  weaving. 

■ei5the,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
clad, clothed.]  To  fur- 
nish with  garments. 

•Clothes  (klothz  or  kloz),  n. 
pi.     Dress ;  garments. 

Cloth'ier  (-yer),  »".  One  who 
makes,  sells,  or  fulls  cloth. 

-Gloth/ing,  re.     Garments. 

•Cloud,  re.  Collection  of  vapor. 

—  v.   t.      To    darken    with 
clouds ;  to  obscure. 

Cloud'i-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  cloudy. 


•Cloud'lesa,  a.  Free  from 
clouds.       [clouds;  obscure. 

■Cloud'y,    a.      Covered    with 

•Clout,  n.  A  patch  ;  cloth.  — 
v.  t.     To  patch  ;  to  mend. 

•Clove,  n.  A  pungent  spice.  — 
imp.  of  Cleave. 

•Clo'ven  (klo'vn),  p.  p.  or  p. 
a.  of  Cleave.     Cleft ;  split. 

■eio'ven-fdot'ed,  a.  Having 
the  hoof  in  two  parts. 

■Clo'ver,  re.  A  genus  of  plants. 

■Clown,  n.  A  rustic  ;  an  ill- 
bred  man ;  a  buffoon. 

■Clown'ish,  a.  Coarse ;  rustic. 

•Cloy,  v.  t.    To  fill  to  satiety. 

■Club,  re.  A  heavy  stick  ;  an 
association.  —  v.  i.  To  join 
in  common  expense,  or  for  a 
common  end. 

■Club'-fdbt'ed,  a.  Having  de- 
formed feet. 

■Club'-law,  n.  Government  by 
violence. 

Cluck,  v.  i.    To  call,  as  a  hen. 

■Clue,  re.     See  Cleio. 

■Clump,  n.  A  cluster  of  trees. 

■Clum'sy,  a.  Awkward  ;  ill- 
made".  [Cling. 

■Clung,   imp.    and   p.    p.   of 

•Clus'ter,-  n.  A  bunch;  a 
collection.  —  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
unite  in  a  bunch. 

■Clutch,  n.  A  gripe  ;  grasp  ; 
claw  ;  (pi.)  hands ;  rapacity. 
—  v.  t.  To  seize  and  hold 
fast ;  to  gripe. 

■Glut'ter,  n.  A  noise ;  confu- 
sion; disorder. — v.  t.  To 
crowd  together  in  disorder. 

■Clys'ter,  n.     An  injection. 

■Coach,  n.  A  four-wheeled  car- 
riage for  pleasure  or  travel- 
ing, [drives  a  coach. 

Coach'man  (21),  re.  One  who 

-Co'ad-ju'tor,  re.  An  assistant. 

•Co'ad-ju'trix,  n.  A  female 
assistant. 

•Go-a'gent,  n.    An  assistant. 

•Co-ag'u-late,  v.    To  curdle. 

■Co-ag'u-la'tion,  n.  The  pro- 
cess of  curdling. 

■Co-ag'u-la-tive,  a.  Having 
power  to  coagulate. 

■Co-ag'u-lum,  re.  A  coagu- 
lated mass,  as  curd  ;  runnet. 

■Coal,  n.  Wood  charred;  a 
black  combustible  fossil. 


•Co'a-lesce'  (-less'),  v.  i.  To 
grow  together  ;  to  unite. 

■Co'a-les'Qenge,  re.  The  act 
of  uniting;  union. 

•Co'a-li'tion  (-llsh'un),  n. 
Union  of  persons,  parties,  or 
states. 

■Coal '-mine,  In.     A  mine  rr 

•Coal'-pit,  )  pitwherecoal 
is  dug.  . 

■Coarse,  a.  Large;  gross; 
rude;  rough;  not  refined. 

■Coarse'ness,  n.  Quality  of 
being  coarse. 

■Coast,  n.  Land  next  the  sea. 
— 1\  i.  To  sail  along  the 
shore. 

■Coast'er,  h.  A  person  or  ves- 
sel that  sails  near  a  coast. 

■Coat,  n.  A  man's  upper  gar- 
ment;  fur  or  hair  of  a 
beast ;  an  external  covering. 

—  v.  t.  To  cover  with  a  coat. 
Coat'ing,  re.  Act  of  covering; 

cloth  for  coats. 
■Coax,  v.  t.     To  wheedle  ;  to 

persuade  by  flattery. 
-Cob,  re.  Spike  of  maize ;  pony. 
■Co'balt,  n.   A  brittle  reddish 

gray  mineral. 
■CSb'ble,  n.  A  roundish  stone. 

—  v.  t.  To  mend  coarsely  or 
clumsily,  as  shoes. 

CSb'bler,  re.      A  mender  of 

shoes. 
•CSb'web,  re.    A  spider's  web. 
•Coch'i-neal,  n.      An    insect 

used  to  dye  scarlet. 
■€6eh'le-a-ry,    I  a.      In    the 
•Cdeh'le-a'ted,  J      form  of  a 

screw. 
•Cock,  re.     The  male  of  bird?. 

—  v.  t.     To  set  erect. 
■Cock-ade',  re.    A  knot  of  rib- 
bon worn  on  the  hat. 

-€6ck'a-trl<je,  n.    A  fabulous 

serpent.  [boat. 

•Cock'-boat,  n.  A  ship's  small 
-C6ck'er-el,  «•  A  young  cock. 
•€6ck'-f!ght(-ilt),  re.     Battle 

between  cocks. 
Cock'-horse,  re.      A  child's 

rocking-horse. 
■€6ck'le  (kok'l),  n.     A  weed  ; 

darnel;  a  shell-fish.  —  v.  t. 

To  wrinkle. 
C6ck'-16ft,  n.     A  room  over 

the  garret ;  a  lumber-room. 


edn,  or,  do,  wolf,  tcTo,  tdbk;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  ij  as  ng ;  this. 


COCKNEY 


62 


COLLECTIVE 


Cocoa. 


■Cock'ney  (19),  n.  A  native 
of  London. 

■Gock'pit,  n.  An  area  where 
cocks  fight  ;  a  room  iu  a 
ship  under  the  gun-deck. 

■Cock'roach,  n.  A  trouble- 
some kind  of  beetle. 

■€6ck's'-e6mb  (-kom),  n. 
Crest  of  a  cock  ;  a  plant. 

-Coek'swain  (or  kok'sn),  n. 
An  officer  who  has  the  care 
of  a  boat  and  boatrs  crew. 

■G6'-e5a  (ko'ko),  n. 
A  palm -tree  bear- 
ing the  coioa- 
nut ;  the  choco- 
late-tree, and  a 
decoction  of  the 
nut  or  the  paste. 

■Go'-eoa-nut,  n.  The  nut  of 
a  kind  of  palm-tree. 

■Co-cdbn'  (18),  n.  A  ball  spun 
by  the  silkworm. 

■CSd,  ».  A  sea-fish  ;•  a  husk  ; 
a  pod  ;  a  bag.  [of  laws. 

■Code,  n.     A  system  or  digest 

•Cod'ger,  n.  A  covetous  or 
clownish  fellow.  [will. 

•€5d'i-cil,  n.  Supplement  to  a 

-Go'di-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
reducing  laws  to  a  system. 

■Go'di-fy,  v.  t.  To  reduce  to  a 
code  or  digest,  as  laws. 

■Cod'dle,  v.  i.  To  parboil;  to 
treat  tenderly. 

•Co'ef-fl'cien-gy  (-ffsh'en-), 
n.     Joint  operation. 

•Co'ef-fl'cient  (-flsh'ent),  n. 
That  which  co-operates. 

-Co-e'qual,  a.  Equal  with  an- 
other. 

■Co'e-qual'i-ty  (-kwol-),  n. 
Equality  with  another. 

■Co-erce',  v.  t.  To  restrain  by 
force.  —  Syn.  To  check  ; 
constrain  ;  compel. 

Co-er'cion,  n.  Restraint ; 
compulsion.  [by  force. 

-Go-er'cjve,    a.      Restraining 

-Co'es-sen'tial,  a.  Partaking 
of  the  same  essence.      [nal. 

■Go'e-ter'nal,  a.  Equally  eter- 

-Go'e-ter'ni-ty,  n.  Equal  ex- 
istence or  eternity. 

■Go-e'val,  a.  Of  the  same  age. 
—  n.    One  of  the  same  age. 

-Co'-ex-ist',  v.  i.  To  exist  to- 
gether. 


Coffee. 


■€o'-e-K-isVenqe,n.  Existence 
at  the  same  time. 

•Co'-ex-ist'ent,  a.  Existing  at 
the  same  time. 

Co'-ex-tend',  v.  t.  To  extend 
through  the  same  space. 

Co'-ex-ten'sion,  n.  Equal 
extension.  [extensive. 

Go'-ex-ten'sive,  a.    Equally 

Coffee,  n.  The 
berry  of  a 
tropical  tree, 
or  liquor  made 
from  it. 

Coffee -house, 
n.  A  house  of 
entertainment. 

■Goffer,  n.  A  chest,  especially 
one  for  money. 

Coffin,  n.  A  box  for  a  dead 
human  body. — v.  t.  To 
putln  a  coffin. 

■Gog,  n.  The  tooth  of  a  wheel. 
—  v.  t.  To  furnish  with 
cogs  ;  to  deceive  ;  to  wheedle. 

•Go'gen-gy,  n.  Power;  ur- 
gency ;  strength ;  force. 

Co'gent,  a.  Having  great 
force.  —  Syn.  Powerful ;  ur- 
gent ;  forcible ;  convincing. 

C6g'i-tate,  v.  i.  To  reflect ; 
to  meditate.  [thought. 

Cog'i-ta'tion,    n.  Deep 

Cog'i-ta-tive,  a.  Able  to 
think  ;  given  to  thought. 

Cog'nate,  «.  Born  together  ; 
allied  by  blood  or  birth. 

Gogn'iac  )  (kon'yak),  n.  The 

Cogn'ae   )      best  of  brandy. 

Cog-ni'tion,  (-nTsh'un),  n. 
Knowledge ;  object  known. 

-G6g'ni-za-ble  (or  kon'i-za- 
bl),  a.  Liable  to  be  tried  or 
examined. 

G6g'ni-zancje  (or  kon'i- 
zanss),  n.  Knowledge  ;  no- 
tice ;  judicial  notice. 

■Gog'- wheel,  n.  A  wheel  with 
cogs  or  teeth. 

-Go-hab'it,  v.  i.  To  live  as 
man  and  wife. 

■Go'hab-it-a'tion,  n.  A  living 
together. 

-Co-heir'  (-ar'),n.  A  joint  heir. 

■Go-here',  v.  ?'.  To  stick  to- 
gether ;  to  be  united. 

■Go-her'ence,    I  n.  A  sticking 

■Co-her'en-cy,  /     together. 


Co-her'ent,  a.  Sticking  to- 
gether; consistent. 

Co-he'§ion,  n.  Sticking  to- 
gether ;  state  of  union. 

-Co-he'sive,  a.  Sticking  ;  ad- 
hesive. 

■G6'hort,tt.  A  body  of  soldiers. 

■Coif,  n.  A  head-dress.  —  v.  t. 
To  cover  with  a  coif. 

■Coil,  v.  t.  To  wind  into  a 
ring. — n.  Circular  form, 
as  of  a  rope  or  serpent. 

•Coin,  n.  Metal  stamped  for 
money.  —  v.  t.  To  stamp 
metal.  [money  coined. 

■Gom'age,  n.    Act  of  coining; 

Co'in-gide',  i.  i-  To  agree  ;  to 
concur.  [ment. 

Co-in'ci-denge,    n.      Agrcc- 

Co-in'gi-dent,  a.  Occurring 
or  agreeing  together. 

•Coke,  n.  Mineral  coal  charred. 

•G61'an-der(kul/-),  n.  A  kind 
of  strainer. 

■Gold,  'a.  Not  warm  ;  frigid  ; 
chill;  reserved. — n.  Sensa- 
tion produced  by  want  of 
heat ;  a  form  of  disease. 

-Gole'wort  (-wQrt),  n.  A  cab- 
bage cut  young.  [els. 

-G61'i€,  n.    A  pain  in  the  bow- 

C61'ick-y,  a.  Pertaining  to 
colic. 

-Col-lapse',  v.  i.  To  fall  to- 
gether.—  11.  A  sudden  fall- 
ing together. 

■Goi'lar,  n.  Something  worn 
around  the  neck  ;  a  ring.  — 
v.  t.  To  put  a  collar  on;  to 
seize  by  the  collar. 

Col-late',  v.  t.  To  compare; 
to  examine;  to  gather  and 
place  in  order. 

-Gol-lat'er-al,a.  Being  on  the 
side ;  indirect. 

-Col-la'tion,  n.  A  repast ;  gift ; 
act  of  comparing,    [in  office. 

■Gol'league,  n.    An  associate 

•€ol-leet',v.  t.ori.  To  gather. 

C61'le-et,  n.     A  short  prayer. 

■Col-le-et'ed,  a.  Cool ;  com- 
posed. 

-Col-leo'tion,  n.  Act  of  col- 
lecting; that  which  is  col- 
lected. —  Syn.  Assemblage  ; 
a  contribution  ;  a  gathering. 

Col-lS-Ct'Ive,  a.  Formed  by 
gathering ;  inferring. 


1,6,  i,o,  u,y 


long;  a,e,T,  5,  il,  J',  short;  cure,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pYque,  firm  : 


COLLECTIVELY 

■eol-lect'ive-ly,  adv.  In  a 
body.         [receiver  of  taxes. 

•Col-leet'or,  n.  A  gatherer  ;  a 

■C5l1e£e,  »•  An  assembly  or 
society  ;  a  seminary  of  learn- 
ing. 

■eol-le'gi-al,    )  a.  Pertaining 

•€ol-le'gi-ate,  J     to  a  college. 

■€ol-le'gi-an,  »•  A  member  of 
a  college.  [er. 

-Gol-lide',  v.  i.  To  dash  togeth- 

■Goll'ier  (kol'yer),  n.  A  dig- 
ger of,  or  dealer  in,  coals  ;  a 
coal-ship. 

■Coll'ier-y,  n.   A  coal-mine. 

•Col-lis'ion  (-llzh'un),  it.  A 
striking  together.        [place. 

-GoI'lo-eate,  r.  t.    To  set  or 

-CoWo-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
placing;  arrangement. 

■Col'lop,  n.  A  cut  or  slice,  as 
of  meat. 

■Col-lo'qui-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  used  in,  conversation. 

•eol-lo'qui-al-ism,  n.  An  ex- 
pression used  only  in  con- 
versation. 

■Gol'lo-quy  (19),  n.  A  mutual 
conversation  between  two. 

■eol-lude',  v.  i.  To  conspire 
in  a  fraud. 

■Gol-lu'sion,  n.  A  secret  agree- 
ment^ o  defraud. 

-Gol-lu'sive,  o.    Deceitful. 

■Co'lon,  n.  A  point  or  mark 
formed  thus  [ :  ]. 

-Colonel  (kQr'nel),  n.  The 
commander  of  a  regiment. 

■Golonel-cy-fkuVnei-),  )       n. 

■Colonel-ship,     '  J     Of- 

fice or  rank  of  a  colonel. 

■Co-lo'ni-al,  a.  Belonging  to 
a  colony  or  colonies. 

-CSl'o-nist,  11.  A  member  or 
inhabitant  of  a  colony. 

-eSl'o-ni-za'tion,  n.  The  set- 
tling of  a  colony. 

•C61'o-nize,  v.  t.  To  plant  or 
settle  with  inhabitants. 

■661'on-nade',  n.  A  row  or 
range  of  columns. 

-€61'o-ny,  n.  A  body  of  people 
who  remove  and  settle  in  a 
distant  country,  continuing 
subject  to  the  parent  state  ; 
the  country  colonized. 

■Col'or  (kul'ur),  n.  A  property 
of  light;    paint;    pretense; 


Bon.  or 


63 

( pi. )  a  banner  ;  flag ;  ensign. 

—  v.  t.     To  dye;    to  stain. 

—  v.  i.    To  blush. 
■Gol'or-a-ble,  a.    Designed  to 

cover  or  conceal ;  plausible. 

•Col'or-less,  a.  Without  color. 

-Co-los'sal,  a.     Huge  in  size. 

■Co-los'sus,  n.  (Lat.  pi  -€o- 
16s 'si;  Eng.  pi.  -Go-los'- 
sus-es).  A  statue  of  gigan- 
tic size. 

-Colt,  n.     A  young  horse. 

€61'ter,    )  n.  Sharp  fore-iron 

-€6ul'ter,  I     of  a  plow. 

■CoPum-bine,  n.    A  plant. 

■GoPumn  (kol'um),  n.  Cylin- 
drical pillar ;  perpendicular 
set  of  lines  in  a  book ;  a 
body  of  troops.  [umn. 

•€o-lum'nar,  a.    Like  a  col- 

■Go-lure',  n.  One  of  two  great 
circles  intersecting  the  sol- 
stitial or  equinoctial  points. 

■Go'ma,  n.  Hairiness  of  a 
comet ;  lethargy. 

-Go'ma-tSse',  a.   Lethargic. 

-Comb  (kom),  u.  An  instru- 
ment for  dressing  the  hair  ; 
crest  of  a  cock ;  substance  in 
which  bees  lodge  honey.  — 
v.  t.    To  dress  with  a  comb. 

-eom'bat,?!.  A  battle;  fight; 
contest.  —  v.  I.  To  fight 
with  ;  to  oppose.  —  v.  i.  To 
struggle  or  contend. 

-eSm'bat-ant,  it.  A  champion. 

-66m'ba-tive,  a.  Disposed  to 
combat,      [being  combined. 

-eom-bm'a-ble,a.  Capable- of 

-GonVbi-na'tion,  n.  Union  or 
association. — Syn.  Coali- 
tion ;  conspiracy. 

•€om-bine',  r.  t.  or  i.  To 
unite  ;  to  join  ;  to  agree. 

-eom-bus'ti-bil'i-ty,    I 

-Gom-bus'ti-ble-ness, ) 
Quality  of  being  combusti- 
ble, or  of  burning. 

•€om-bus'ti-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  burning.  —  ??.  A  sub- 
stance that  will  burn. 

■eom-bus'tion  (-bfist'yun),  n. 
A  burning ;  conflagration. 

•Come  (kum),  v.  i.  [imp. 
CAME  ;  p.  p.  COME.]  To 
move  towaid  ;  to  approach  ; 
to  draw  near.         [comedies. 

•€o-me'di-an,  n.    An  actor  of 


do,  wolf,  tcJb,  t<5bk ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  €,  g,  hard ;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  n^ 


COMMENDATION 

■G6m'e-dy,  n.  A  humorous 
dramatic  piece.  [ty. 

€6me'li-ness,?i.  Grace  ;beau- 

■Come'ly,  a.  Handsome; 
graceful. 

■Gom'et,  n.  A  heavenly  body 
with  a  luminous  train. 

■Gom'fit,  n.  A  dry  sweetmeat. 

■Com'fort  (kum-),  v.  t.  To 
cheer  under  affliction  or  de- 
pression. —  n.  A  relief  frcm 
pain  ;  consolation. 

-eom'fort-a-ble,  a.  Affording 
or  enjo\  ing  ease. 

■Gom'fort-er,  n.  One  who 
comforts;  the  Holy  Spirit. 

•Gom'fort-less,  a.  Without 
comfort.  [plant. 

■eom'frey,  r».      A  medicinal 

•Gdm'le,  a.  Relating  to  com- 
edy ;  droll.  [droll. 

-Cdm'ie-al,    a.       Diverting  ; 

■Gom'ing  (11),  a.  Future. — 
n.  Approach. 

•€6m'i-ty,  n.  Courtesy  of  in- 
tercourse ;  civility. 

■Gdrn'ma  (19),  n.  A  point  (,) 
in  writing  and  printing. 

•€om-mand',  v.  i.  'Jo  order ; 
to  direct ;  to  govern.  —  r.  t. 
To  have  supreme  authority. 

—  It.     Order;  injunction. 
CdnVman-dant',  n.    A  com- 
manding officer.- 

•€om-mand'er,  n.  One  who 
directs. 

•€om-mand'er-y,  1  n.  Aman- 

-€om-mand'ry,  J  or  be- 
longifig  to  an  order  of 
knights.  [command. 

■€om-mand'ing,a.    Fitted  to 

-eom-mand'ment,  n.  Com- 
mand ;  order ;  injunction 

-eom-mem'o-rate,  v.  t.  To 
celebrate  by  a  solemn  act. 

-Com-mem'o-ra'tion,  n.  A 
solemn  public  celebration. 

■€om-mem'o-ra-tive,a.  Pre- 
serving the  memory  of. 

-eom-menc;e\  v.  t.    To  begin. 

—  v.  r.     To  take  rise. 
•€om-menge'ment,   n.      Be- 
ginning :  day  of  taking  de- 
grees in  an  American  college. 

-Com-mend',  v.  t.    To  praise  ; 

to  recommend,      [of  praise. 

-eom-mgnd'a-ble,a.  Worthy 

Cdm'men-da'tion,?!.  Praise. 


this. 


COMMENDATORY 


C4 


COMPENDIOUS 


Com-mend'a-to-ry,  a.  Serv- 
ing to  commend. 

Com-men'su-ra-bri'i-ty,     I 

Com-men'su-ra-ble-ness,  j 
n.  Capacity  of  having  a 
common  measure. 

•Com-msn'su-ra-ble,  a.  Hav- 
ing a  common  measure. 

■Com-mSn'su-rate,  a.  Of 
equal  measure  ;  propor- 
tional. 

Com-mSfi'su-ra'tion,  n.  Re- 
duction to  a  common  meas- 
ure. 

Com'ment,  v.  i.  To  explain 
by  remarks.  —  n.  Note  or 
remark  for  explanation. 

Cdm'ment-a-ry,  n.  Com- 
ment ;  exposition  ;  a  book 
of  comments. 

Com'men-ta/tor,  n.  One  who 
comments. 

Com/merge,  n.  Interchange 
of  commodities ;  personal 
intercourse.  — Syn.  Trade.; 
traffic  ;  dealing. 

Com-mer'cial,«.  Relating  to 
commerce  or  trade. 

Com-min'gle  (-ming'gl),  v.  t. 
To  mix  together. 

G&m'mi-nute,  v.  t.  To  break 
into  small  parts. 

Cdm'mi-nu'tiori,  n.  Act  of 
breaking  into  small  parts. 

Com-mis'er-ate,  v.  t.  To 
pity,     [passion ;  sympathy. 

Com-mis'er-a'tion,  n.  Com- 

■Gom'mis-sa-ry,  n.  A  com- 
missioner ;  an  army  officer 
having  charge  of  a  special 
department. 

Com-mis'sion  (-mish'un),n. 
Performance ;  perpetration ; 
a  trust ;  compensation  to  an 
agent  or  factor.  —  v.  t.  To 
give  a  commission  to  ;  to 
authorize ;  to  empower. 

Com-mls'sion-er,  n.  One 
empowered  to  act. 

■Gom-mls'sure  (-mish'yur),  n . 
A  joint ;  a  seam  or  closure. 

Commit',  v.  t.  To  intrust ; 
to  imprison  ;  to  pledge. 

Com-mit'tal,  n.  A  pledge, 
actual  or  implied. 

Com-mit'tee,  n.  Persons 
specially  appointed  to  man- 
age any  business. 


Corn-mix',  v.  t.  or  i.  To  unite 
in  one  mass  ;  to  mix. 

Com-mixt'ure,  n.  A  mingled 
mass.  [of  furniture. 

Corn-mode',  n.     An  article 

Com-mo'di-ous,a.  Affording 
ease  and  convenience. 

Gom-mod'i-ty,  n.  Interest ; 
advantage  ;  merchandise. 

Com'mo-dore,  n.  The  com- 
mander of  a  squadron. 

Gom'mon,  a.  Belonging  to 
many  ;  general ;  public  ; 
usual.  —  n.  An  open  public 
ground. — v.  i.  To  use  to- 
gether. 

C&m'mon-al-ty,  n.  The  com- 
mon people.  [ble. 

C6m'mon-er,  n.  One  not  no- 

•e6m'mon-ly,  adv.  Usually ; 
generally  ;  ordinarily. 

Cdm/mon-plage,  n.  General 
head  or  title  ;  a  memoran- 
dum ;  a  trite  remark.  —  a. 
Common  ;  trite. 

Gom'mons,  n.  pi.  Common 
people  ;  lower  house  of  par- 
liament ;  food  at  a  common 
table. 

CSm'mon-weal',  n.  Public 
government ;  whole  body  of 
people. 

C&m/mon-wealth',  n.  A 
state  ;  body  politic,      [ance. 

Com-mo'tion,  n.       Disturb- 

C6m'mune,.n.  A  small  ter- 
ritorial district  in  France. — 
v.  i.     To  converse. 

Gorn-mu'ni~ea-ble,  a.  Capa- 
ble of  being  communicated. 

Com-mu'ni--eant,  n.  A  par- 
taker of  the  Lord's  supper. 

Com-mu'ni-eate,  v.  t.  To 
impart.  — 1\  i.  To  share  ; 
to  have  intercourse. 

Com-mu/ni--ea/tion,  n.  Act 
of  communicating ;  corre- 
spondence. 

Gom-mu'ni--ea-tive,  a. 

Ready  to  communicate. 

Com-mun'ion  (-yun),?*.  In- 
tercourse ;  fellowship  ;  a  tak- 
ing of  the  Lord's  supper. 

Gom-mu'ni-ty,  n.  Common 
possession  ;  the  public  ;  so- 
ciety at  large. 

Cdm'mu-ta'tion,  »•  Ex- 
change. 


Com-mute',  V.  t.  To  ex- 
change ;  to  substitute. 

Com-paet',  v.  t.  To  thrust 
or  press  together  ;  to  league 
with.  —  a.  Firm;  dense. — 
n.  An  agreement  between 
parties  ;  covenant. 

Com-pan'ion,  n.  An  asso- 
ciate ;  comrade  ;  mate. 

Com-pan'ion-a-ble,  a.  So- 
ciable ;  agreeable,  [lowship. 

Com-pan'ion-ship,  n.    Fel- 

C6m'pa-ny  (kuni'-,  19),  n. 
Fellowship ;  persons  assem- 
bled or  acting  together. 

C6m'pa-ra-ble,  a.  Worthy 
to  bo  compared. 

Com-par'a-tlve,  a.  Estimated 
by  comparison. 

Com-par'a-tive-ly,  adv.  By 
comparison. 

Corn-pare',  v.  t.  To  examine 
the  mutual  relations  of;  to 
liken.  —  v.  i      To  be  like. 

Corn-par 'i-son,  n.  Act  of 
comparing  ;  comparative  es- 
timate ;  simile.  [vision. 

Com-part'ment,  n.      A  di- 

Com'pass,  v.  t.  To  surround  ; 
to  obtain  ;  to  plot.  —  n.  A 
circumference  ;  boundary  ; 
magnetic  instrument;  (pi.) 
an  instrument  to  describe 
circles.  [cy. 

Com-pas'sion.  n.  Pity  ;  mer- 

Com-pas'sion-ate,  a.  In- 
clined to  pity  :  merciful. 

•Gom-pas'sion-ate,  »>  t.  To 
pity. 

-Gom-pat'i-bfl'Pty,  n.  Con- 
sistency ;  agreement. 

Com  pat 'i -ble ,  a .  Consist™  t. 

■Gom-pat'i-bly,  adv.  Con- 
sistently. 

Gom-pa'tri-ot,  n.  A  patriot 
of  the  same  country. 

•Corn-peer',  n.  An  equal ;  col- 
league ;  companion. 

Com-p§l'  (7),  V.  t.  To  drive  by 
force. — Syn.  To  necessi- 
tate ;  constrain  :  oblige. 

CdnVpel-la/tion,  n.  Style  of 
address  or  salutation. 

C6m'pend,  ;n.Abri<lg- 

Com-pend'i-um,  I  ment ; 
summary  ;  epitome. 

Com-pend'i-ous,  a.  Short; 
concise  ;  brief. 


5,  5,1,5,  u,  y,  long;  ft,  $,  I,  6,  u,  y,  short;  care, car,  ask,  sill,  what ;  Ore,  veil,  tCrin  ;  p'.'que,  firm  j 


COMPENSATE 


Co 


CONCAVE 


G5m'pen-sate ,  or  Gom-pen'- 
sate,  v.  t.  To  make  amends. 

•Gom'pen-sa'tion,  «■  Recom- 
pense ;  remuneration. 

Gom-pen'sa-tive,    I  a.     Af- 

Gom-pen'sa-to-ry,  J  ford- 
ing compensation. 

Gom-pete',  v.i.  To  strive  for 
a  like  end  ;  to  rival. 

Gom'pe-tenge,    \ ».       Sufli- 

G6m'pe-ten-gy, J  ciency  ; 
legal  capacity  or  right. 

Gdir/pe-tent,  a.  Adequate 
to  some  end  or  duty  ;  having 
legal  capacity.  —SYN.  Suffi- 
cient ;  fitted  ;  qualified. 

Gom'pe-tl'tion  (-tlsh'un),  n. 
Rivalry ;  strife  for  supe- 
riority. 

Gom-p3t'i-tor,n.     A  rival. 

■eom-pet'i-tive,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  competition. 

■Com'pi-la'tion,  n.  A  selec- 
tion from  authors. 

Gom-plie',  v.  t.  Ta  compose 
out  of  materials  got  from 
other  works.  [piles. 

Gom-pll'er,  ».  One  who  com- 

■Gom-pla'genge,    I  ».    Pleas- 

-Gom-pla'gen-gy, )  ure;  sat- 
isfaction of  mind ;  civility. 

•Com-pla'gent,  a.  Gratified  ; 
displaying  satisfaction. 

Gom-plain',  v.  i.  To  mur- 
mur ;  to  make  a  charge. 

•Com-plain'ant,  n.  One  who 
complains;  a  plain ti if. , 

Gom-plaint',w.  A  murmur- 
ing;  accusation;  disease. 

GSm'plai-gange', n.  Civility ; 
courtesy.  [courteous. 

Com'plai-sant/,  a.      Polite ; 

Gdm'pLe-ment,  n.  The  full 
number. 

Gom-plete',  a.  Finished  ; 
perfect,  —  v.  t.  To  fulfill; 
to  accomplish. 

•Com-plete'iy,  adv.  Perfectly. 

Gomple'tion,  n.  Act  of 
finishing  ;  accomplishment. 

GSm'plex,  a  Of  many  parts ; 
intricate;  complicated.  —  n. 
Assemblage;  collection. 

Gom-plsx'ion  (-plek'shun), 
n.  Color  of  the  face  or  skin. 

■€om-plex'i-ty,  n.  A  complex 
state;  intricacy,     [yielding. 

■Com-pll'ange    (13),    n.      A 


Gom-pll'ant,  a.  Yielding ; 
bending ;  obliging. 

G6m'pli-ea-gy,  n.  State  of 
being  complex. 

Gom'pli-eate,  v.  t.  To  make 
complex  or  intricate. 

-edm'pli-eate,  a.     Involved. 

■€6nr'pli-ca'tion,rt.  A  mixture 
of  many  things;  intricacy. 

-Gom'pli-ment,  ».  Act  or  ex- 
pression of  civility. — v.  t. 
To  flatter  or  gratify  by  be- 
stowing praise  upon. 

-€6m/pli-ment'al,      I  a.  Ex- 

Gdm'pli-ment'a-ry,  I  pres- 
sive  of  praise  or  civility. 

-Gom'plot,  n.  A  conspiracy  ; 
plot,     [gether ;  to  conspire. 

•Corn-plot',  v.  t.    To  plot  to- 

Gom-ply',  v.  i.  To  yield ;  to 
assent. 

Gom-po'nent,  a.  Helping  to 
form.  —  H.  An  elementary 
part. 

•Gom-port',  v.  i.  To  agree  ; 
to  suit.  —  v.  t.  To  behave ; 
to  conduct.  [ent. 

■€om-port'a-ble,o.    Consist- 

■Gom-pose',  v.  t.  To  put  to- 
gether ;  to  write,  as  an  au- 
thor ;  to  allay  ;  to  quiet. 

Gom-posed',  a.  Calm  ;  quiet. 

Gom-pos'er,  n.  One  who 
composes;  author  of  music. 

-Gom-pos'ite,  a.  Made  up  of 
|      parts  ;  "compounded. 

Gdm'po-si'tion  (-zish'un),  n. 
Mixture  ;  combination ;  ar- 
rangement or  setting  of 
type  ;  a  written  work. 

■Com-pos'i-tor,  n.  One  who 
sets  type.  [manure. 

Gom'post,  n.     A  mixture  for 

■eom-pog'ure,  n.  A  composed 
state  of  mind  ;  calmness. 

GonVpo-ta/tion,  n.  Act  of 
drinking  together. 

■Gom'pound,  a.  Formed  of 
two  or  more  ingredients.  — 
n.     A  mixture. 

-Gom-pound',  v.  t.  To  mix  in 
one  mass  ;  to  combine  or 
unite  ;  to  adjust.  —  v.  i.  To 
come  to  terms  of  agreement. 

-GonVpre-hendVu.  t.  To  con- 
tain ;  to  understand. 

■G6m'pre-hen'si-ble,  a.  Ca- 
pable of  being  understood. 


GSm'pre-hen'sion,  n.  Act  of 
comprehending;  capacity. 

Gom'pre-hen'sive,  a.  In- 
cluding much  in  small 
space.  —  Syn.  Large  ;  full; 
capacious. 

•Gom-press',  v.  t.  To  press  to- 
gether ;  to  squeeze. 

G6m'press,  n.  A  soft  pad 
used  by  surgeons. 

■Gom-prgss'i-bil'i-ty,  n. 

Quality  of  being  compress- 
ible. 

Gom-press'i-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  compressed. 

Gom-pres'sion.  n.  Act  of 
pressing  together. 

■Gom-prlse',  v.  t.  To  contain. 

G6m'pro*rmse,  n.  Amicable 
agreement  fn  which  mutual 
concessions  are  made.  —  v.  t. 
To  settle  by  mutual  agree- 
ment ;  to  put  to  hazard.  — 
v.  i.  To  make  an  agreement. 

G6m'pro-mit,  v.  t.  To  prom- 
ise ;  to  compromise. 

■Gomp-trol'ler  (kon-trol'-),  n. 
A  public  officer  who  exam- 
ines and  certifies  accounts. 

■Gom-pul'sa-to-ry,  a.  Com- 
pelling. 

Gom-pul'sion,  n.  Act  of  com- 
pelling ;  force  applied. 

-Gom-pul'sive,     I  a.  Compel- 

■Com-pul'so-ry,  I  ling  ;  con- 
straining ;  forcing. 

Gom-pun-e'tion,n.  Remorse. 

Gom-pun-e'tious,  a.  Attend- 
ed with  compunction  or  pain 
for  offenses. 

Gom-put'a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  computed. 

-Com'pu-taVtion,  n.  Act  of 
reckoning. 

Gom-pute',  v.  t.  To  calculate. 

Gom-put'er,  n.  One  who 
computes  or  reckons. 

£6m'rade,».  An  associate  ; 
a  mate  ;  a  companion. 

■G5n,  v.  t.  To  revolve  in 
thought ;  to  study  over. 

€6n-«at'e-nate,  v.  t.  To  link 
together  ;  to  unite  in  a 
series. 

■Gon-eat'e-na'tion,  n.  A  se- 
ries of  links,  or  of  things 
dependent  on  each  other. 

G6n'«ave,    a.      Hollow  and 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took ;  Qrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g, 
5 


hard;  as;  exist;  nasng;  this. 


CONCAVITY 


66 


CONDUCT 


curved.  —  n.    A  hollow  ;  an 

arch  or  vault. 
€on~eav'i-ty,  n.   Hollowness 

of  a  rounded  body. 
G  n-cii/vo-eon'vex,  a.  Con- 
cave on  one  >ide  and  convex 

on  the  other. 
Gon-ea/vo-eon'-eave,        a. 

Concave  on  both  sides. 
Gon-geal'  (8),  V.  t.  To  keep  in 

secret ;  to  hide  ;  secrete. 
Gon-geal'ment,  n.     Act  of 

hiding;  a  hiding  place. 
Gon-gede',  v.  t.    To  grant; 

to  admit  as  true  or  proper. 
Gcri-geit',  n.  Fancy  ;  vanity. 

—  v.  t.     To  fancy. 
•Con-geit'ed,  a.  Vain;  proud. 
Gon-geiv'a-ble,  a.     Capable 

of  being  conceived. 
Gon-geive',   v.     To  form  in 

the  mind  ;    to  imagine  ;    to 

become  with  child. 
■Gon-gen'ter,  I  v.  ?'.  or  t.    To 
•Gon-gen'tre,  j   come  or  bring 

to  a  point. 
■Gon^gen-trate,  or  Gon-gen'- 1 

trate,  t>.  t.    To  bring  to  a  | 

common  center,  or  to  a  closer 

union.  [concentrating. 

Gon'gen-tra'tion,  n.    Act  of 
•Gon-gen'tra-tive-ness,      n. 

Faculty    of    concentrating 

the  intellectual  force. 
•Gon-gen'tri-e,       1  a.  Having 
•Gon-gen'trie-al,  j  a  common 

center. 
-Gon-gep'tion,  n.    Act  of  con- 
ceiving ;  notion  ;  thought. 
•Gon-gern',  v.  t.  To  affect ;  to 

interest.  —  n.      An   affair  ; 

anxiety  ;    solicitude  ;    busi- 
ness ;  care.  [ing  to. 
Gon-gem'ing,7?.;?r.  Pertain- 
-Gon-gern'ment,  n.  Business. 
•Gon-gert',  v.  t.    To  contrive 

together ;  to  plan. 
Gon'gert,   n.     Agreement;  a 

musical  entertainment. 
Gon-ges'sion   (-sesh'un),   n. 

Act  of  yielding  ;  grant. 
Gon-ges'sTve,  a.     Implying 

concession.  [shell. 

Gon-eh  (kSnk),  n.    A  [marine 
•Con-eh-oid'al,  a.  Resembling 

a  marine  shell. 
Gon--eh61'o-gist,     it.       One 

versed  in  concholqiy. 


Gon~ehol'o-gy,  n.  The  sci- 
ence of  shells. 

Gon-gii'i-ate,  v.  t.  To  gain 
by  favor;  to  win  over. — 
SYN.  To  propitiate  ;  engage. 

■Gon-gll'i-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
conciliating.  / 

Gon-gil'i-a-to-ry,  a.  Tend- 
ing to  conciliate  ;  pacific. 

Gon-gise',  a.  Brief;  short; 
terse.  [words. 

Gon-glse'ly,    adv.      In   few 

Gon-gis'ion  (-sTzh'un),  n.  A 
cutting  off;  circumcision. 

Gon'-elave,  n.  Assembly  of 
cardinals  ;  private  meeting. 

■Gon-clude',  v.  t.  To  bring  to 
an  end  ;  to  finish. —  v.  i.  To 
come  to  an  end  ;  to  infer, 

Gon-ehl'sion,  n.  End;  infer- 
ence ;  determination. 

Gon-eiu'sive,  a.  Decisive; 
final.  [sively. 

Gon-ehi'sive-ly,  adv.     Deci- 

Gon-eo€t',  v.  t.  To  digest; 
to  ripen  ;  to  mature ;  to  con- 
trive, [cocting. 

Gon-eoe'tion,  n.   Actofcon- 

Gon-€6€t'ive,a.  Tending  to 
digest  or  mature. 

-Gon-eSm'i-tange,     )  n.     A 

Gon~eom'i-tan-gy,  j  being 
together ;  accompaniment. 

Gon-eom'i-tant,  a.  Accom- 
panying. —  n.  A  compan- 
ion ;  accompaniment. 

G6n'-cord,n.  Union ;  agree- 
ment ;  harmony. 

Gon-€6rd'ange,n.  A  minute 
verbal  index  to  a  book. 

Gon-eord'ant,  a.  Agreeing ; 
suitable ;  harmonious. 

Gon'-eourse,  n.  An  assembly. 

-Gon-erete',  v.  i.  or  t.  To 
unite  in  a  mass. 

G6n'€rete,«  Formed  by  con- 
cretion; not  abstract. — n. 
A  compound. 

Gon-cre'tion,  n.  Act  of  con- 
creting, [concrete,  j 

Gon-ere'tive,  a.    Causing  to  ' 

Gon-€u'bi-nage,  n.  Cohabi- 
tation of  a  man  and  a  woman 
not  married.  [tress. 

G6n'€ii-bme,  n.   A  kept  mis- 

Gon-eu'pis-gengc,  n.     Lust. 

Gon-€ur'  (7),  v.  i.  To  tend  to 
one  point ;  to  unite  in  action 


or  opinion.—  S  Y n   To  agree  ; 
coincide  ;  combine ;  join. 

Gon-eur'renge,  n.  Union; 
conjunction  ;  agreement. 

Gon-eur'rent,  a.  Acting  to- 
gether. 

Gon-eus'sion,  n.  A  shaking ; 
a  sudden  jar.  [shake. 

Gon-eus'sive,    a.      Able    to 

G)on-demn'  (-dem'),  v.  t.  To 
pronounce  to  be  wrong ;  to 
doom  ;  to  sentence. 

Gon'dem-na/tion,  n.  Act  of 
condemning ;  sentence. 

■Gon-dem'na-to-ry,  a.  Im- 
plying condemnation. 

•Gon-dem'ner,  n.  One  who 
condemns. 

Gon'den-sa'tion,  n.  Act  of 
condensing. 

-Con-dense',  v.  To  make  or 
become  more  dense. 

Gon-dens'er,  n.  He  who,  or 
that  which,  condenses. 

Gon'de-sgend',  v.  ?'.  To  waive 
a  privilege  of  rank. 

Gon'de-sgend'ing,  a.  Yield- 
ing to  inferiors ;  obliging. 

Gon'de-scen'sion,  v.  Act  of 
condescending;  affability. 

Gon-dlgn'  (-din'),  a  De- 
served; suitable;  merited.. 

Gon'di-ment,??.  A  seasoning. 

Gon-di'tion  (-dTsh'un),  :i 
State  ;  quality ;  term  of 
agreement.  —  v.  To  make 
terms  ;  to  stipulate. 

Gon-di'tion-al  (-dlsh'un-),  a. 
Implying  terms. 

Gon-di'tioned  (-dish'tind),  a. 
Having  terms,  qualities  or 
properties,    [express  sorrow. 

Gon-dole',  v  t.  To  grieve;  to 

Gon-do'lenge,  n.  Expression 
of  grief  or  sympathy,  [doles 

Gon-dol'er,  n.  One  who  con-. 

GSn'dor  (18),  n. 
A  large  bird  of 
the  vulture 
kind. 

Gon-duge',  t>.  i. 
To  tend ;  to  con-  #j^ 
tribute. 

Gon-du'give,  a. 
Having  a  ten- 
dency to  conduce         [ance. 

G6n'du€t,n.  Behavior ;  guid- 

•Gon-duet',  v.t.  To  guide;  to 


a,e,i,o,  u,y,long;  ii,e,  ],o,u,y,  short ;  cure,  ciir,  ask,  all,  what;  ere,  vgil,  term  ;  pique,  firm: 


CONDUCTOR 


67 


CONGREGATIONALIST 


control  ;  to  manage.  —  v.  i. 
To  behave.  [manager. 

Con-duet'or,  n.      A  leader; 

Cdn'duit  (kon'dit  orkitn'dit), 
n.  A  water-pipe;  a  canal. 

C5ne,  n.  A  solid  body- 
tapering  to  a  point 
from  a  circular  base. 

Con-fab'u-late,r.  i.  To 
talk  together. 

Con-fab'u-la'tion,  n.  Cone. 
Familiar  talk. 

■Con'feet,         )  n.      A  swect- 

-Gon  fee'tion,  \     meat. 

Con-fee'tion-er,  n.  One  wbo 
sells  sweetmeat-,  &c. 

-Con-fe€'tion-er-y,  ft.  Sweet- 
meats in  general. 

Con-fed'er  a-gy,  n.  A  league ; 
coalition  ;  conspiracy. 

-Con-fed'er- ate,  a.  United  in 
a  league. — n.  Member  of 
a  confederacy ;  ally. 

Con-fed'er-ate,  v.  To  unite 
in  alliance.      [ance ;  league. 

■Gon-fed'er-a'tion,  n.     Alli- 

•Con-fed'er-a-tive.  a.  Con- 
stituting a  federal  compact. 

-Con-fer',  v.  t.  To  bestow  ;  to 
award. — v.  i.  To  discourse 
seriously. 

-Con'fer-enge,  n.  Serious  con- 
versation ;  a  meeting  for 
consultation. 

-Gon-fess',  v.  To  own  ;  to 
avow;  to  grant;  to  hear 
confession.  [ly. 

•Con-fess'ed-ly,  aAv.  Avowed- 

-Gon-fes'sion  (-lesh'un)  n 
Acknowledgment  ;  act  of 
confessing  to  a  priest. 

Con-fes'sion-al,  n.  A'place 
where  confession  is  made. 

Con-fess'or,  n.  One  who  con- 
fesses or  hears  confessions. 

-Con'fi-dant',  n.  m.       )  A  bo- 

■Con'fi-dante', n.fnn.  )  som 
friend.     [ — v.t.  To  intrust. 

■Con-fide',  v.  i.  To  put  faith. 

■Con'fi-dence,  n.  Firm  belief; 
trust ;  self-reliance. 

■Con'fi-dent,  a.  Having  great 
confidence  or  boldness. 

Cdn'fi-den'tial,  a.  Trusty  ; 
private.  [confidence. 

G6n'fi-dent-ly,  adv.      With 

Con-fig'u-ra'tion,  n.  Exter- 
nal form  or  figure. 


-eSn'flne,  n.  A  limit ;  border. 

—  v.t.  To  restrain ;  to  limit ; 
to  shut  up.  I  To  border. 

Gon'fme,  or  Con-fTne',  v.  ?. 

■Con -fine 'ment,  n.  Restraint. 

Con-firm',  v.  t.  To  make  cer- 
tain ;  to  admit  to  the  full 
privileges  of  the  church.  — 
SVN.  To  strengthen ;  verify  ; 
assure 

Con'fir-ma'tion,  n.  Act  of 
confirming  or  establishing. 

■Gon-firm'a-tive,    I  a.  Tend- 

■Con-firm'a-to-ry, j  ing  to 
confirm. 

C6n'fis-eate,  or  •Con-fis'- 
■eate,  a.  Forfeited  to  the 
public  use. 

-CSn'fis-eate  or  -Con-fis'- 
cate,  v.  t.  To  forfeit  to 
the  public  treasury. 

■CSn'fis  -ea'tion,  n.  The  act 
of  forfeiting  or  confiscating 

■GSn'fis-ca/tor,  n.  One  who 
confiscates.  [fire. 

Cou'fla  gra'tion,  n.   A  great 

Con-fli€t',  v.  t.  To  strive;  to 
contend.  [struggle. 

•Con'fliet,    n.       A    contest  ; 

Con'flu  enge,  n.  A  flowing 
together;  a  concourse. 

C6n'flu-ent,  a.  Running  to- 
gether. — 11.  A  stream  flow- 
ing into  a  larger  one. 

Con-form',  v  t.  To  make  like. 

—  v.  i.  To  comply  ;  to  yield. 
Con-form'a-ble,  a.  Suitable ; 

agreeable.  [ably. 

Con-form'a-bly,  adv.     Suit- 

Con'for-ma'tion,  n.  Act  of 
conforming ;  disposition  of 
parts  ;  structure. 

Con-form'i-ty,  n.  Compli- 
ance with  :  agreement. 

Con-found',  v.  t.  To  mix;  to 
mingle ;  to  perplex. 

€on-found'ed,/?.p.  Blended; 
mixed.  — p.  a.  Enormous. 

Con-front'  (-friint'),  v.  t.  To 
face  ;  to  set  face  to  f  ice. 

•Con-fiige',  v.  t.  To  confound ; 
to  perplex;  to  abash. 

Con-fu§'ed-ly,  adv.  In  con- 
fusion . 

Con-fu'§ion,n.  Disorder;  tu- 
mult ;  ruin  ;  indistinctness. 

-Con/fu-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
disproving ;  refutation. 


•Con-fute',  *.  t.   To  disprove; 

to  prove  to  be  false. 

■CSn'ge,  n.  A  bow  ;  reverence ; 

farewell. — v.   i.      To    take 

leave. 

Con-geal',  v.   t.  or   t.      To 

freeze  ;  to  thicken  ;  to  stiffen. 

■Con-geal'a-ble,  a.    Capable 

of  being  congealed. 
Con-geal'ment,  n.  Act  of 
congealing ;  mass  congealed. 
-Gon'ge-la'tion,  n.  Procets 
j  of  congealing ;  thing  con- 
j      gealed. 

j  Cdn'ge-ner,  n.    A  thing  of 
I      the  same  nature  or  origin. 
Con-ge'ni-al,«.  Of  the  same 
I      nature  or  disposition. 
;  Con-ge'ni-al'i-ty,  n.  Natural 

affinity ;  suitableness. 
Con-gen'i-tal,a.  Of  the  same 

birth  ;  dating  from  birth. 
i  -Con-ge'ri-eg,  //.  Mass  or  col  - 
j      lection  of  bodies. 
!  -Con-ges'tion  (-jfst'yun).  »>. 
j      An  unnatural  collection  of 
J      blood. 

Con-gest'ive,  a.    Indicating 

an  accumulation  of  blood  ia 

some  part  of  the  body. 

Con-glo'bate,  a.  Formed  into 

a  ball,    [forming  into  a.  ball. 

-CSn'glo-ba'tion,  n.    Act  of 

-Con-glo'bate,  v.  i.  To  gather 

into  a  globe  or  ball 
■Con-glom'er-ate,  v.  t.     To 

gather  into  a  round  mass. 
Con-gl6m'er-ate,  a.     Gath- 
ered together  in  a  mass. 
,  Con-gl6m'er-a'tion,  n.      A 
j      gathering  into  a  round  mass. 
j  Con-grat'u-late,  v.   t.      To 
I      wish  joy  to  ;  to  felicitate. 
I  -Con-grat/u-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
I      congratulating. 
I  Con-grat'u-la-to-ry,  a.    Ex- 
!      pressing  joy. 
!  Con'gre-gate,  v.    To  assem- 
ble ;  to  meet ;  to  gather. 
!  Con'gre-ga'tion,  n.     An  as- 
!      sembly,    especially  a  relig- 
ious assembly. 
CSn'gre  ga'tion-al,  a.      Re- 
lating to  a.  congregation. 
Con/gre-ga'tion-al-i§m,    n. 
Government    of    itself     by 
each  local^  church. 
CSn/gre-ga'tion-al-ist,      n. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took;  flrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist;  q  as  ug ;  this. 


CONGRESS 


68 


CONSIGNMENT 


An  adherent  to  the  congre- 
gational mode  of  govern- 
ment. 

■Gon'gress  (18),  n.  A  meet- 
ing ;  the  legislature  of  the 
United  States. 

Gon-gres'sion-al  (-gresh'- 
un-),  a.  Pertaining  to  con- 
gress, [uient. 

-C6n'gru-ence,    n.       Agree- 

G6n'gru-cnt,  a.     Agreeing. 

Con-gru'i-ty,  n.  Consistency. 

G6n'gru-ous  (kong'gru-us), 
a.    Being  suitable  ;  fit. 

■€5n'ie,       I  a.  Pertaining  to, 

•Gon'i-e-al.  )      or  like,  a  cone. 

■€ttn'ie-al-ly,  adv.  In  the 
form  of  a  cone. 

G6n'i-es,  n.  sing.  The  science 
which  treats  of  the  proper- 
ties of  the  cone. 

■Go-nif'er-ous,  a.  Bearing 
cones,  as_the  pine. 

Gon-j&et'ur-al,  a.  Depend- 
ing on  conjecture. 

Con-je€t'ure,  n.  Opinion 
based  on  imperfect  knowl- 
edge; surmise. — v.  t.  To 
guess ;  to  suspect. 

■Con-join',  V.  To  connect ;  to 
unite :  to  join. 

•Con-joint',  a.  United;  con- 
nected ;  associated. 

■Con-joint'ly,adi\  With  unit- 
ed efforts.  [marriage. 

€6n'ju-gal,  a.     Relating  to 

Gdn'ju-gate,  v.  t.  To  inflect, 
as  verbs.  [tion  of  verbs. 

GSn'ju-ga/tion,    n.      Inflec- 

-Gon-junet',  a.  Joint  ;  con- 
current, [connecting  word. 
,-€on-jun€'tion,n.     Union ;  a 

-Gon-junet'ive,  a.  Serving  to 
unite.      [connection  ;  crisis 

•Con-junet'ure,  n.      Union  ; 

■Gon'ju-ra'tion,  n.  Solemn 
treaty  ;  enchantment. 

■Gon'jure  (kfin'jur),  v.  t.  To 
charm  ;  to  enchant.  —  v.  i. 
To  practice  magical  arts. 

■Con-jiire',  v.  t.  To  enjoin 
solemnly.  [enchanter. 

•€6n'jur-er  (kQn'jur-),  n.  An 

Con'nate,  a.  Born  at  the 
same  time.  [by  nature. 

Gon-nat'u-ral,  a.  Connected 

■Gon-nect',  v.  t.  To  knit  to- 
gether ;  to  unite. 


Gon-nS-c'tion,  n.  Act  of  join- 
ing ;  a  relation  by  blood  or 
marriage. —  SYiV.  Union; 
coherence;  junction. 

Gon-ne€t'ive,a.  Serving  to 
connect.  —  n.  A  word  that 
connects  sentences.       [tion. 

Gon-nex'ion.      See    Connec- 

Gon-nlv'ance,  n.  A  giving 
secret  assistance  or  sympa- 
thy. 

Gon-nive',  v.  i.    To  wink  at. 

•CSn'nois-seur'  (kSn'nis- 
sur'),  u.  A  critical  judge  or 
master  of  any  art. 

Go'noid,  n.  A  figure  resem- 
bling a  cone. 

•Con-nu/bi-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  marriage. 

Gon'quer  (konk'er),  *.  t.  To 
overcome. 

G6n'quer-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  conquered.        [quers. 

GSn'quer-or,  n.  One  who  con- 

Gdn'quest  (konk'west),  n. 
Act  of  conquering;  thing 
conquered.  —  Syn.  ATictory  ; 
triumph  ;  subjection. 

Gon'san-gum'e-ous,  a  Of 
the  same  blood. 

Gon'san-guin'i-ty,  n.  Rela- 
tion by  blood. 

Gon'scienge,  n.  Internal  or 
self-knowledge,  or  teaM  of 
right  and  wrong  ;  truth 

Gon'sci-en'tious  (-shl-en'- 
shus),  a.  Regulated  by  con- 
science. 

■Gon'sci-en'tious-ness,  n.  A 
scrupulous  regard  to  con- 
science, [able. 

•€6n'scion-a-ble,  a.   Reason- 

-Gon'scious  (kon'shus),  a. 
Having  the  power  of  know- 
ing one's  own  thoughts 

•€6n'scious-ly,«c/f.  With  in- 
ward persuasion 

■Gon'scious-ness,  n.  Percep- 
tion of  what  passes  in  one's 
own  mind 

G6n'S€ript,  n.  An  enrolled 
soldier.  —  a      Enrolled 

Gon-serip'tion,  n  Act  of 
enrolling  or  registering. 

G6n'se-crate,  v.  t.  To  dedi- 
cate ;  to  declare  to  be  sacred. 

•Con'se-era'tion,  n.  The  act 
of  dedicating  to  sacred  uses. 


Gon-sSe'u-tive,  a.  Following 
in  order.  [succession. 

Gon-se€'u-tive-ly,  adv.    In 

Gon-sent',  n.  Agreement  ; 
correspondence;  accord.  — 
v.  i.  To  agree  in  opinion  ; 
to  give  assent.  [cordant. 

Gon'sen-ta'ne-ous,  a.     Ac- 

Gon'se-quenge,  n.  That 
which  follows  ;  effect ;  infer- 
ence, [as  a  result. 

-Gon'se-quent,  a.    Following, 

-Gon'se-quen'tial,  a.  Con- 
ceited ;  important. 

■€6n/se-qu6n'tial-ly,rctfi>  By 
consequence  ;  pompously. 

G6n'se-quent-ly,  adv.  By 
consequence. 

Gon'ser-va'tion,  n  Preser- 
vation from  loss  or  injury. 

Gon-serv'a-tive,  a.  Tending 
or  desiring  to  preserve. 

Gon'ser-va'tor,  or  Gdn'ser- 
va/tor,  n.  A  preserver 

•Gon-serv'a-to-ry,  a  Tending 
to  preserve.  —  n.  A  green- 
house for  keeping  plants 

G6n'serve,n.  A  sweetmeat. 

Gon-serve',  v.  t  To  pre- 
serve ;  to  save. 

Gon-sid'er,  v.  To  think  with 
care  ;  to  study  ;  to  ponder. 

Gon-sid'er-a-ble,'.i.  Worthy 
of  regard  ;  moderately  large 

Gon-sid'er-a-bly,  adv  In  a 
considerable  degree. 

Gon-sid'er-ate,  a  Given  tore- 
flection.  —  Syn.  Thought- 
ful ;  prudent :  discreet 

■Gon-sld'er-ate-ly,  adv  With 
serious  thought. 

Gon-sid'er-a'tion,  n.  Act 
of  considering  ;  serious 
thought;  prudence;  reason. 

Gon-sid'er-ing.  p.  pr  Re- 
garding ;  having  regard  to 

Gon-sign'  (-sin'),  v  t.  To 
give  ;  to  intrust ;  to  assign. 

•G6n'sign-ee'  (kon'sTn-ce'),  n. 
One  to  whom  a  thing  is  con- 
signed for  sale. 

•Gon-slgn'er  (-sin'-),      )    ». 

Gdn'sign-or'  (-s!n-<V),  I  Ono 
who  commits  to  another  in 
trust 

Gon-slgn'ment  (-sln'ment), 
H  Act  of  consigning  ;  goods 
consigned.   . 


B, 2,1,0,  U,y,  long;  ft, S,T,  6,  d,y,  short;  care,  car, ask,  all,  what;  Gre,veil,  term  ;  p.que,firm  ; 


CONSIST 

■Gon-slst',  v.  i.  To  be  made 
up  of;  to  subsist ;  to  agree. 

•Con-sist'enge,    )    n.     Fixed 

■Gon-sist'en-gy, J  state  ; 

agreement ;  congruity. 

-Gon-sist'ent,  a.  Agreeing  ; 
accordant;  compatible. 

•Gon-sist'ent-ly,  adv.  In  a 
consistent  manner. 

-Gon'sis-to'ri-al,  a.  Relating 
to  a  consistory. 

•Gon-sist'o-ry  (19),  n.  A 
spiritual  court ;  any  solemn 
assembly. 

-Gon-s5/ci-a/tion  (-so'shi-),  n. 
A  union  of  neighboring 
churches.  [consolation. 

-Con-sol'a-ble,  a.    Admitting 

-Con'so-la/tion,  n.  Allevia- 
tion ;  solace ;  comfort. 

•Con-scl'a-to-ry,  a.  Tending 
to  gi\e  consolation. 

-eon-sdie',  v.  t.  To  comfort ; 
to  cheer  under  sorrow. 

•Gon'sole,  n.  A  bracket  to 
support  a  cornice,  &c. 

-Con-sol'i-date,  v.  To  make 
or  grow  solid. 

•Con-s6I/i-da'tion,  n.  Act  of 
making  hard  or  firm. 

•Gon'sols,  or  -Con-sol§',  n.  pi. 
An  English  funded  govern- 
ment security. 

-Con'so-nange",  n.  Agreement 
of  sounds  ;  concord  ;  accord. 

•Gon'so-nant,  a.  Agreeable  ; 
consistent ;  accordant.  —  h. 
A  sound  less  open  than  a 
vowel ;  a  letter  representing 
such  sound. 

■Con'sort,  n  A  husband  or 
wife  ;  companion  ;  partner. 

•Gon-sort',  v.  t  To  keep  com- 
pany ;  to  associate.  —  v.  i. 
To  unite  or  join. 

-Con-spi-e'u-ous,  a.  Obvious 
to  the  sight:  manifest. 

•Con-spi-e'u-ous-ness,  n. 
Openness  to  view  ;  clear- 
ness. 

-Con-spir'a-cy,  n.  A  plot  ; 
combination  for  an  evil  pur- 
pose, [spiier. 

Gon-splr'a-tor,    n.     A  oon- 

-Con-spire',  r.  i.  To  unite  for 
an  evil  purpose. 

■Gon'sta-ble  (kun'sta-bl),  n. 
An  officer  of  the  peace. 


69 

•€on-stab'u-la-ry,a.  Pertain- 
ing to  constables. 

■Con'stan-gy,  n.  Stability  ; 
firmness  of  mind  ;  steadi- 
ness. 

•Gon'stant,  a.  Firm  ;  un- 
changing ;  faithful  in  affec- 
tion, lably. 

£6n'stant-ly,    adv.    Invari- 

•GSn'stel-la'tion,  n.  A  cluster 
of  fixed  stars. 

•GSn'ster-na/tion,  n.  Terror 
that  confounds.        [costive. 

-Con'sti-pate,  v.  t.    To  make 

•Gon'sti-pa'tion,  n.  Costive- 
ness.  [constituents. 

-Gon-stit'u-en-gy,  n.  Body  of 

■Gon-stit'u-ent,  a.  Compos- 
ing. —  n.  A  person  who 
establishes  or  appoints  ;  an 
clement. 

•Gon'sti-tiite,  v.  t.  To  estab- 
lish ;  to  make ;  to  appoint. 

•Con'sti-tu'tion,  n.  Act  of 
constituting  ;  frame  of  body, 
mind,  or  government. 

■Gon'sti-tu'tion-al,  a.  Con- 
sistent with  the  constitu- 
tion. 

•Gon'sti-tu'tion-aPi-ty,  n. 
Consistency  with  the  consti- 
tution. 

-G6n'sti-tu'tion-al-ly,atff.  Tn 
consistency  with  the  consti- 
tution, [ing. 

-GSn'sti-tu'tive.a.  Establish- 

Gon-strain',  v.  t.  To  impel 
with  overpowering  force.  — 
S\'N.  To  compel ;  force  ; 
drive  ;  urge.        [constrains. 

■Gon-strain'er,  n.    One  who 

•Gon-straint',  n.  Compulsion. 

-Con-stri-et',  v.  t.  To  bind  ; 
to  cause  to  shrink. 

•Gon-strle'tion,  n.  Contrac- 
tion ;  compression. 

■Gon-strm'gent,  a.  Binding. 

•Gon-struot',  v.  (.  To  build  ; 
to  compose  ;  to  form  ;  to  de- 
vise, [constructs. 

•Gon-stru€t'er,  n.    One  who 

■Gon-stru-e'tion,  n.  Act  of 
constructing;  an  edifice. 

-Con-stru-ct'ive,  a.  By  eon- 
S  true  dan  ;  inferred. 

■G6n'strue,  v.  t.    To  explain. 

•Gon'stu-pra/tion,  n.  Act  of 
ravishing. 


CONTEMPLATE 

■CSn'sub-stan'tial,  a.  Having 
the  same  substance. 

■Gdn'sub-stan'ti-a'tion  (-shT- 
a'shun),  n.  Actual  presence 
of  the  body  of  Christ  with 
the  sacramental  elements. 

-CSn'sue-tu'di-nal,  a.  Cus- 
tomary ;  usual. 

■Con'sul,  n.  The  chief  magis- 
trate in  ancient  Rome  ;  a 
commercial  agent,    [consul. 

€6n'su-lar,  a     Relating  to  a 

•Gon'su-late,    In.    The  office 

■Gon'sul-ship,  )     of  a  consul. 

■Gon-sult',  v.  i.  To  ask  advice 
of.  —  v.  t.     To  take  advice. 

-G6n'sul-ta/tion,  n.  A  con- 
sulting ;  deliberation. 

■Gon-sult'er,  n.  One  who 
consults. 

•Ccn-sume',  v.  t.  To  waste  : 
to  spend. — v.i.  To  wasto 
away. 

£6n 'sum-mate,  or  -Con- 
sum 'mate,  v.  t.  To  com- 
plete ;  to  perfect. 

■Gcn-sum'mate,  a.  Accom- 
plished ;  complete  ;  perfect. 

GSn'sum-ma'ticn,  n.  Com- 
pletion ;  termination. 

■Gon-sump'tion,  n.  Act  of 
consuming ;  a  wasting  dis- 
ease of  the  lungs. 

■Gon-sump'tive.  a.  Inclined 
to  consumption.         [union. 

G6n'ta«t,  n.     Touch  ;   close 

■Gon-ta'gion  (-jun),  n.  Com- 
munication of  disease  by 
contact ;  infection. 

•Gon-ta'gious  (-jus),  a.  Ilav^ 
ing  the  quality  of  infectinj 

■Gon-tain',  v.  t.    To  hold  ; 
comprise. — v.   i.      To  ii^~|to^ 
chastely. 

■Con-tain'a-ble.o.  Capable  oT~ 
being  contained. 

■Gon-tam'i-nate,  v.  t.  To  de- 
file ;  to  corrupt.        [tainted. 

■Gon-tam'i-nate, a.  Polluted ; 

•Gon-tam'i-na'tion,  n.  Pollu-  \ 
tiou. 

-Gon-temn'  (-tern'),  v.  t.  To 
despise ;  to  hate. 

-Gon-tem'ner,  n.  One  who 
contemns. 

€6n'tem-plate,  or  -Gon- 
tem'plate,  v.  To  meditate  ; 
to  consider  ;  to  design. 


t 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  tt~o,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rije,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  -c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  e^rist ;  u  an  ng ;  this. 


CONTEMPLATION 


70 


CONTUMACIOUSLY 


•Cdn'tem-pla'tion,  n.  Medi- 
tation, [to  thought. 

•Gon-tem'pla-tive,  a.    Given 

•GSn'tem-pla'tor,  n.  One  en- 
gaged in  deep  thought. 

•Gon-tem'po-ra-ry,  I  a. 

■Gon-tem'po-ra'ne-ous, J 
Being  at  the  same  time. 

■Gon-tem'po-ra-ry,  n  One 
living  at  the  same  time  with 
another. 

■eon-tempt',  n.  Act  of  de- 
spising ;  disdain ;  seora. 

-Con-tempt'i-ble,  a.  Mean  ; 
vile. 

-Con-tempt'i-bly,  adv.  Mean- 
ly. Iful. 

-Con-tempt'u-ous,  a.    Scorn- 

•Gon-tend',  v.  i.  To  strive  ; 
to  struggle.  [ant. 

■Gon-tend'er,  n.  ■  A  combat- 

. -Con-tent',  a.  Satisfied  ;  quiet ; 

—  n.    Satisfaction  of  mind. 

—  ik  t.  To  satisfy  ;  to  please. 
■Gjn-tent'ed,    a.      Satisfied  ; 

pleased ;  content. 

■Con-tent'ed-ly,  adv.  In  a 
contented  manner. 

-Con-t§nt'ed-ness,».  State  of 
being  content.  [bate. 

-Con-ten'tion,  n.     Strife  ;  de- 

■Con-ten'tious,  a.  Given  to 
strife  ;  quarrelsome.      [tion. 

■Con-tent'ment,  n.    Satisf.ic- 

■Con'tent,  or  -Con-tent',  n. 
That  which  is  contained  ; 
(pi,.)  index. 

-Gon-ter'mi-nous,  a.  Border- 
ing :  contiguous. 

•Con/test,  n.  A  dispute ;  strug- 
gle ;  debate.  [pute. 

•Con-test',  v.  t.  or  i.     To  di.s- 

■Gon'text,  n.  Order  of  dis- 
course,    [of  parts  ;  texture. 

■Con-text'tire.n.  Composition 

■Gon/ti-gu'i-ty,  n.  Contact. 

-Gon-tlg'u-OUS,  a.  In  actual 
contact.  —  Syn.  Adjoining ; 
adjacent. 

■Gon'ti-nenge,  n.  Forbearance 
of  carnal  pleasure. 

■C6n'ti-nent,  a.  Not  indulg- 
ing in  sensual  pleasure.  — 
n.  One  of  the  larger  divi- 
sions of  the  earth. 

•CSn/ti-nent'al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  a  continent,   [continence. 

■C6n'ti-nent-ly,  adv.     With 


■Gon-tm'genge,    )  n.    Casual 

-Gon-tm'gen-gy,  J  event ; 
chance  ;  possibility. 

■Gon-tin'gent,  a.  Accident- 
al ;  possible  ;  liable.  —  n. 
Chance;  a  quota;  propor- 
tion. 

■Gon-tin'u-al,  a.  Uninter- 
rupted,     [out  intermission. 

-Gon-tm'u-al-ly,  adv.     With- 

-Gon-tin'u-ange  (11),  n.  Per- 
manence, as  of  condition, 
habits,  &c. 

■Gon-tin'u-a'tion,  n.  Con- 
tinued succession. 

-Con-tin 'u-a/tor,  n.  One  who 
continues. 

■Gon-tin'ue,  v.  i.  To  remain  ; 
to  stay.  —  v.  t.  To  protract ; 
to  persevere  in. 

■GSn'ti-nu'i-ty,  n.  Uninter- 
rupted connection. 

■Gon-tin'u-ous,  a.  Closely 
united,  as  it  were  into  one. 

-Con-tort',  v.  t.  To  twist;  to 
writhe. 

-Con-tor'tion,  n.    A  twisting. 

-Gon-tour'  (-tobr'),  «>  The 
general  outline  of  a  figure. 

-Gon'tra-band,  a.  Prohibited 
by  law  or  treaty.  —  n.  Ille- 
gal trade.  [covenant. 

-CSn'tra-et,  n.  An  agreement; 

■Gon-tra-et',  v.  t.  To  draw  to- 
gether or  nearer ;  to  incur; 
to  shorten. — v.  i.  To 
shrink  ;  to  bargain,  [selfish. 

-Con-traet'ed ,   a.     Narrow  ; 

-Gon-tra-et'ile ,  a.  Capable  of 
contracting. 

-GSn'tra-e-til'i-ty,  »■  Quality 
of  contracting  or  shrinking. 

-Gon-trae'tion,  jj.  A  shrink- 
ing ;  a  shortening. 

-Gon-tra-et'or,  n.  One  who 
contracts. 

-C6n'tra-dange,  n.  A  dance 
with  partners  opposite. 

■Con'tra-di-et',  v.  t.  To  op- 
pose verbally  ;  to  gainsay. 

■Gdn'tra-drc'tion,  n.  A  de- 
nying. 

•G6n'tra-di€'to-ry,  «•  Incon- 
sistent :  disagreeing. 

■G&n'tra-dis-tine'tion,  n. 
Distinction  by  opposites. 

■GSn'tra-dis-tm-et'ive.a.  Dis- 
tinguishing by  contrast. 


■Gon'tra-dis-tin'guish,  v.  t. 
To  distinguish  by  opposites. 

•Con-tral'to,  n.    The  alto. 

-Gdn'tra-rl'e-ty,  n.  Opposi- 
tion ;  inconsistency. 

■G6n'tra-rie§,  n.pt.  Things  of 
opposite  qualities. 

■G6n'tra-ri-wlse,ac/i\  On  the 
contrary  ;  oppositely. 

•€6n'tra-ry,  a.  In  direct  op- 
position ;  inconsistent. 

■Gon'trast,  n.  Opposition  or 
difference  in  things. 

■Gon-trast',  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
place  or  stand  in  opposition. 

•Con'tra-val-la'tion,  n.  A 
trench  and  parapet  formed 
by  besiegers. 

■Cdn'tra-vene',  e.  t.  To  op- 
pose ;  to  cross  ;  to  obstruct. 

-Gon'tra-veff'tion,  n.  Oppo- 
sition ;  violation  ;  obstruc- 
tion. 

Con-trib'ute,  v.  To  partici- 
pate in  giving. 

■Con'tri-bu'tion,  n.  Act  of 
contributing ;  sum  given. 

•Gon-trib'u-tor,  n.  One  who 
contributes. 

■Gcn-trlb'u-to-ry,  a.  Advan- 
cing the  same  end. 

•Gdn 'trite,  a.  Broken  down 
with  grief. 

•Gon-tri'tion  (-trlsh'un),  n. 
Deep  sorrow  for  sin. 

-Gon-trlv'ange,  n.  Scheme; 
device  ;  thing  contrived. 

■Gcn-trive',  v.  t.  To  invent; 
to  project.  —  v.  i.  To  make 
devices. 

■Gon-trol'  (7),  n.  Power  to 
govern;  command. — v.  t. 
To  restrain  ;  to  govern. 

-Co:i-trol'ler,«.  One  who  con- 
trols ;  an  officer  who  checks 
other  officers  by  a  counter 
register  of  accounts. 

■Gon'tro-ver'sial,  a.  Relating 
to  controversy 

■Gon'tro-ver'sial-ist,  n.  One 
engaged  in  controversy. 

■Gon'tro-ver-sy,  n.     Dispute. 

•Gon'tro-vert,  v.  t.  To  dispute. 

■Con'tro-vert'i-ble,  a.  Capa- 
ble of  being  controverted. 

•Cdn'tu-ma'cious,  a.  Obsti- 
nate. [With  obstinacy. 

•G6ntu-ma'cious-ly,       adv. 


,  o,  u,  y,  long;  &,  6, 1,  5,  Q,  y,  short ;  cure, car,  ask,  ;;11,  what ;  Gre,  veil,  term ;  p-'que,  firm  ; 


CONTUMACY 

•Gon'tu-nia-yy,  n.  Persistent 
obstinacy  ;  stubbornness. 

■G6n'tu-mel'ious  (-yus),  a. 
Reproachful;  contemptuous. 

■Gon'LU-me-ly,  n.  Coutemptu- 
ous  language ;  reproach. 

Gon-tu'sion,  n.   A  bruise. 

€o-nun'drum,  n.  A  riddle 
turning  on  a  point  of  re- 
semblance between  things 
very  unlike. 

Gon'va-les'genge,  n.  Recov- 
ery from  sickness. 

Gdn'va-les'gent,  a.  Recov- 
ering health. 

Gon-vene',  v.    To  assemble. 

Gon-ven'ienge,   I  n.  Accom- 

Con-ven'ien-gy,  )  moda- 
tion  ;  commodiousness 

Gon-ven'ient,  a.  Fit;  suit- 
able ;  adapted. 

-Gon'verit,  n.  A  body  of 
monks  or  nuns ;  a  monas- 
tery or  nunnery. 

Gon-ven'ti--ele,  n.  A  meet- 
ing: assembly  for  worship. 

•Gon-ven'tion,  n.  Assembly  ; 
arbitrary  custom.  [on. 

Gon-ven'tion-al,  a.    Agreed 

Gon-ven'tion-al-i§m,  n. 
That  which  is  received  by 
tacit  agreement. 

-Gon-vent'u-al,  a.  Belonging 
to  a  convent ;  monastic. 

•Gon-verge',  v.  i.  To  tend 
toward  one  point. 

•Gon-verg'enge,».  Tendency 
to  one  point. 

Gon-verg'ent,  \  a.  Tendingto 

Gorb-verg'ing,  )      one  point. 

Gon-ver'sa-ble,  a.     Sociable. 

Gon'ver-sant.  a.  Familiar; 
having  relation. 

-Con  ver-sa'tion,  n.  Familiar 
discourse  ;  behavior. 

-Cdn'ver-sa/tionral,  a.  Per- 
taining to  conversation. 

■Con-verse',  v.  i.  To  dis- 
course ;  to  talk  familiarly. 

G6n'verse.  n.  Conversation ; 
a  reversed  or  opposite  propo- 
sition.—  a.  Directly  oppo- 
site, [of  order. 

G6n'verse-ly,  adv.  By  change 

■Gon-ver'sion,n.  A  turning  ; 
change ;  transformation. 

Gon'vert,  n.  One  who  has 
changed  his  opinions. 


71 

■Gon-vest',  r.  t.  To  change 
to  another  form  or  state. 

•Gon-vert'i-bil'i-ty,  n.  Pos- 
sibility of  being  converted. 

-Gon-vert'i-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  converted. 

Gon'vex,  a.  Roundish  on  the 
outside. — n.  A  convex 
body. 

-Gon-vex'i-ty,    )  n.  Spherical 

Gdn'vex-ness, )  form  on 
the  outside. 

■Gon-vey ',  v.  t.  To  carry  ;  to 
transfer. 

Gon-vey 'ange ,  n .  Act  of  con- 
veying ;  that  which  conveys. 

Gon-vey'an-ger,  n.  One  who 
draws  deeds,  &c. 

Gon-vey'an-ging,  n.  The 
business  of  a  conveyancer. 

Gon'viet,  it.  A  person  proved 
guilty  of  crime,    [be  guilty. 

-Gon-vi-et',  v.  t.    To  prove  to 

-Gon-vie'tion,  n.  A  proving 
guilty  ;  state  of  being  con- 
vinced. 

Gon-vmge',  v.  I.  To  satisfy 
by  evidence ;  to  persuade. 

Gon-viv'i-al,  a.  Festive ;  jo- 
vial. 

-Gon-viv'i-al'i-ty,  n.  Jovial 
disposition  ;  festive  mirth. 

Gdn'vo-ea/tion,  n.  A  meet- 
ing ;  an  ecclesiastical  assem- 
bly, [gether. 

Gon-voke',  v.  t.    To  call  to- 

Gon'vo-iu'ted,    a.        Rolled 

.  upon  itself 

■Gon'vo-lu'tion,  n.  The  act 
of  rolling  together,  [gether. 

Gon-v61ve',  v.  t.    To  roll  to- 

■Gon-voy',  r.  t.  To  accompany 
for  protection,     [protection. 

•Gon'voy.  n.     Attendance  for 

■Gon-vulse',  v.  t.  To  affect  by 
violent  motion.  [spasm. 

-Gon-vul'sion,  n.    A   violent 

Gon-vul'sive,  a.  Producing 
convulsion 

■Go'ny,  or  -Con'y  (19),  n.  A 
rabbit. 

■Gob',  v.  i  To  make  a  noise, 
as  a  dove. 

Gdbk,  ».  One  who  prepares 
food  for  the  table,  —v.  t.  To 
prepare  food  for  the  table. 

■Gobk'er-y ,  n.  Act  of  prepar- 
ing food  for  the  table. 


COPPER 

-G6"bk'y,  n.  A  small,  hard, 
sweetened  cake. 

■Go"bl,  a.  Somewhat  cold; 
lacking  warmth.  —  n.  A 
moderate  state  of  cold.  — 
v.  t.  To  make  moderately 
cold.  —  v.  i.    To  grow  cool. 

Gdbi'er,  n.  A  vessel  for  cool- 
ing; that  which  cools. 

•Go~bl'ly,  adv.    Without  heat. 

■Gqol'ness,  n.    Moderate  cold. 

■Goo'ly,  I  n.     An  East  Indian 

Goo'lie,  j  or  Chinese  porter, 
or  transported  laborer. 

-Goomb(kobm),  n.  A  dry 
measure  of  four  bushels. 

Gbbp,  n.  A  cage  for  fowls, 
&c.  ;  a  barrel. — v.  t.  To 
cage  ;  to  shut  up.  [casks,  &c. 

Goop'er,    n.      A  maker  of 

■Gdbp'er-age,  n.  Price  for 
cooper's  work  ;  shop  or  work 
of  a  cooper.  [together. 

Go-6p'er-ate,  v.  i.     To  work 

Go-6per-a'tion,  n.  Joint 
labor.        [ing  the  same  end. 

■Go-6p'er-a-tive,  a.    Promot- 

-Co-dp'cr-a'tor,  n.  One  who 
works  with  others. 

Go-6r'di-nate,  a.  Holding 
the  same  rank  or  degree. 

Gdbt',  n.  A  kind  of  water- 
fowl ;  a  foolish  fellow. 

Go-pai'ba,  )  n.    A  medicinal 

■Go-pai'va, )      resinous  juice. 

■Go'pal,  n.  A  resinous  sub- 
stance used  in  making  var- 
nishes. 

Go-par'ge-na-ry,  )  n.     Joint 

Go-par'ge-ny,      j    heirship. 

-Go-par'ge-ner,  n.  A  joint 
heir.  [partner. 

•Go-part 'ner,   n.        A    joint 

•Go-par t'ner-ship,  n.  Joint 
concern  in  business. 

■Gope,  v.  A  priest's  cloak:  a 
kind  of  hood;  arch-work. 
— 1\  To  contend;  to  strive; 
to  oppose  with  success. 

G6pri-er  (13),  n.  One  who 
copies.  [of  a  wall. 

■Gop'ing,  n.       Top  or  cover 

•Go'pi-ous,  a.  Plentiful  ; 
abundant ;  large  in  amount. 

Go'pi-oiis-ly,  adv.     Amply. 

GSp'per,  n.  A  reddish  metal ; 
a  large  boiler.  —  v.  t.  To 
cover  with  copper. 


i  do,  wolf,  too,  td"bk  ;   urn,  rtje,  pull ;  9,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist;  n  aa  ng ;  this. 


COPPERAS 


72 


CORROSIVE 


Cop'per-as,  n.  Sulphate  of 
iron  ;  green  vitriol. 

•Gop'per-plate,  n.  A  plate  of 
copper  engraved,  or  an  im- 
pression from  it.       [copper. 

-Cop'per-y,     a.      Containing 

Gop'pice,  I    n.     A    wood,   of 

■CSpsc,       (      small  growth. 

Gdp'u-la/tive,  a.  Serving  to 
unite,  —  n.  A  copulative 
conjunction. 

Gop'y  (19),  n.  A  transcript ; 
pattern;  imitation. — v.  t. 
To  transcribe ;  to  imitate. — 
v.  i.    To  make,  as  a  copy. 

Gop'y-hold,  n.  A  tenure  in 
England  by  copy  of  record 

Gop'y-ist  (13),  n.  One  who 
copies. 

•Cop'y-rlght  (-rTt),  n.  The  sole 
right  of  an  author  to  publish 
a  book. 

-Coquet'  (ko-kef),  v.  t.  To 
attempt  to  excite  admiration 
from  vanity.  —  v.  i.  To  trifle 
in  love.  [love. 

■Co-quet'ry,  n.      Trifling  In 

■Go-quette'  (ko-keU),  n.  A 
vain,  jilting  girl. 

•Co-quet'tish  (-ket7-),  a.  Be- 
fitting a  coquette. 

-C6r'al,  n.  A  calcareous  se- 
cretion by  zoophytes. 

-C6r'al-lme,  a.  Of  or  like 
coral. 

■Cord,  n.  A  line  ;  a  measure 
of  wood  containing  128  cubic 
feet.  —  v.  t.  To  tie  up  ;  to 
pile  up  for  measurement. 

-Gord'age,  n.  Ropes  or  cords. 

•Cord'ate,  a.   Heart-shaped. 

•€6r'di-al,  or  -Gord'ial,  n.  An 
exhilarating  liquor.  —  a. 
Hearty  ;  sincere. 

•Cor'di-al'i-ty,  or  ■Cord-ial'i- 
ty,  3i.  Sincerity;  warm  af- 
fection. 

G6r'di-al-ly,  or  -Gord'ial -ly, 
adv.  With  sincere  affection. 

Gor'don,  n.  A  line  of  military 
posts  or  troops. 

Gor'du-roy',  n.  A  thick, 
ribbed  cotton  stuff. 

G6rd'wain-er,  n.  A  shoe- 
maker. 

■Core,  v.  Heart  or  inner  part. 

■Gc'ri-a'ceous,  a.  Consisting 
of  leather ;  leathery. 


Go'ri-an'der,  n  A  plant 
having  strong-scented  seeds. 

Gork,  H.  A  tree,  or  its  bark  ; 
a  stopper.  — v.  t.  To  stop 
with  a  cork. 

■Cork'-serew  (-skry),  n.  A 
.icrew  to  draw  corks  from 
bottles.  [sea-bird. 

Gor'mo-rant,  n.  A  voracious 

■Corn,  n.  Grain  of  any  kind ; 
maize  ;  a  hard,  horny  ex- 
crescence on  thefeet. — v.  I. 
To  sprinkle  with  salt. 

■Gor'ne-a,  n.  Horny  mem- 
brane in  the  fore  part  of  the 
eye. 

Gor'nel,  n.  A  shrub  and  its 
fruit.  [cret  place. 

-Gor'ner,  n.    An  angle  ;  a  se- 

-Gor'ner-stone,  n.  A  stone  at 
the  corner  of  a  foundation. 

Gor'ner- wise,  adv.  From 
corner  to  corner ;  with  the 
corner  in  front. 

Gor'net,  n.  A  musical  Mind 
instrument ;  cavalry  officer. 

G6r'net-cy,  n.  Office  "of  a 
cornet.  [top  of  a  wall. 

Gor'nlge,  n.     Molding  at  the 

■Gor'nu-eo'pi-a  (18),  n.  A 
horn  of  plenty. 

Gor'ol,       J  n.     The 

-Go-rol'la,  J  inner 
part  of  a  flower, 
composed  oi'petals. 

GSr'ol-la-ry,  n.  An 
inference  derived 
incidentally. 

G6r'o-nal,    n.       A  n 

'     ,       ,         Corollas. 
crown ;  garland.  — 

a.  Relating  to  the  top  of  the 

head.  [or  like,  a  crown. 

G6r'o-na-ry,  a.    Relating  to, 
-Gor'o-na'tion,    n.      Act   of 

crowning, 
ddr'o-ner,  n.    An  officer  who 

inquires  into  the  cause  of 

any  sudden  death. 
Cor'o-net,  n.  Crown  worn  by 

a  nobleman. 
Gor'po-ral,    n.    An    inferior 

military  officer.  —  a.     Per- 
taining to  the  body. 
Gor'po  ral-ly,  adv.  Bodily. 
Gor'po-rate,  a.  United  in   a 

community  or  association. 
-Gor'po-ra'tion,  n.    A  society 

acting  as  an  individual. 


|  -Gor'po-ra/tor,  n     A  member 
I      of  a  corporation. 

■Gor-po're-al,  a.  Having  a 
body  ;  bodily  ;  not  spiritual. 

Gor-pp're-al-ly,  adv.  In  a 
bouily  form  or  manner. 

■Cor'po-re'i-ty,  n.  Bodily 
substance.  [troops. 

Gorps    (kor),  n.     A  body  of 

■Corpse,  h.     A  dead  body. 

Cor'pu-lenge,  n.  Fleshiness. 

•Cor'pu-lent,  a.  Very  fleshy. 

Gcr'pus-cle  (-pus-sl),  n.  An 
atom  ;  a  minute  particle. 

Gor-pus'-eu-lar,  a."  Relating 
to  corpuscles. 

Gor-re-et',  v.  t.  To  make 
right ;  to  reprove  or  punish. 
—  «.  Exact ;  accurate. 

Gor-re-e'tion,  n.  Act  of  cor- 
recting. 

Cor-re-et'ive,  a.  Tending  to 
correct.  —  M.  That  which 
has  the  power  of  correcting. 

Gor-re-et'ly,  adv.  Exactly.. 

Gor-re-et'ness,  n.    Accuracy. 

Gor-re-et'or,  n.  One  who 
corrects. 

Gor-rel'a-tive.  a.  Having  f 
mutual  relation.  —  n.  One 
who,  or  that  which,  stands 
in  a  reciprocal  relation  to 
some  other  person  or  thing. 

-Cor're-spond',  v.  i.  To  suit ; 
to  agree;  to  send  and  re- 
ceive letters. 

•Cor're-spond'ence,?).  Agree- 
ment ;  interchange  of  let- 
ters. 

Gor're-spSnd'ent,  a.  Suited ; 
conformable.  —  n.  One  who 
has  intercourse  by  letters. 

G6r'ri-d6r,  n.  A  gallery  lead- 
ing to  independent  apart- 
ments, [ening. 

■Cor-rob'o-rant,  a.  Strength- 

Gor-r6b'o-rate,  r,  t.  To  con- 
firm :  to  strengthen. 

•Cor-rob'o-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
corroborating. 

■Cor-rSb'o-ra-tive,  a.  Tend- 
ing to  corroborate. 

•Cor-rode',  v.  t.  To  consume 
by  degrees.  [away. 

■Gor-r5'sion,  v.  Act  of  eating 

Gor-ro'slve,  a.  Eating  away 
gradually.  —  n.  Something 
that  corrodes. 


>.o>u,y,  Jong-;  a, e, T,fl, tl, y, s/tor«;  care.car,  ask,  all, what;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm  ; 


CORRUGATE 


73 


COUNTESS 


■C6r'ru-gate,  v.t.  To  wrinkle ; 
to  contract. 

Gor'ru-ga'tion,  n.  Contrac- 
tion into  wrinkles. 

Gor-riipt',  v.  To  spoil.  — a. 
Decayed  ;  spoilt ;  debased. 

Gor-rvipt'i-bil'i-ty,  n.  Ca- 
pacity of  being  corrupted. 

Gor-rupt'i-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  corrupted. 

Gor-rup'tion,  n.  Putres- 
cence ;  pollution  ;  depravity 
of  morals.  [cal  vessel. 

-Gor'sair,  »•  A  pirate  or  pirati- 

Gdrse,  n.  A  corpse.  [  Poetical.] 

■Gorse'let,  n.  A  light  breast- 
plate, [ladies. 

Gor'set,    n.        A   bodice  for 

Gor'tege  (kor'tazh),  n.  A 
train  of  attendants,     [bark. 

-€6r'ti-eal,  a.     Belonging  to 

G6r'us-€ate,  or  Go-rus'€ate, 
v.  i.     To  glitter  ;  to  sparkle. 

G6r'us--ea/tion,  n.  A  sudden 
Hash  of  light.  [war. 

Gor-vette',  n.     A  sloop  of 

Go'ssy,  a.  See  Cozey. 

Co§fm3t'ie,  a.  Promoting 
beauty.  —  ft.  A  wash  for 
improving  the  complexion. 

Gos-mSg'o-ny,  «.  Science  of 
the  formation  of  the  world. 

Gos  m5g'ra-pher,  n.  One 
versed  in  cosmography. 

Gos-m5g'ra-phy,  n.  A  de- 
scription of  the  world. 

•Gos-m61'o  gist,  n.  One  versed 
iu  cosmology. 

Go§-m61'o-gy,  n.  Science  of 
the  world  or  universe. 

■Cos-mSp'o-lite,  n.  A  citizen 
of  the  world. 

Gos'set,  n.  A  lamb  reared  by 
hand.  —  v.  t.    To  fondle. 

Gdst,  n.  Price  paid ;  charge  ; 
expense  ;  loss  of  any  kind. 
—  v.  i.  [imp.  &p.p.  cost.] 
To  be  had  at  the  price  of. 

Gos'tal,  a.  Relating  to  the 
ribs. 

Gos'tfve,  a.  Constipated. 

Gos'tive-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  costive :  constipation. 

GSst'li-ness  (13),  n  Expen- 
siveness: 

Gdst'ly,  a.  Expensive  ;  dear. 

Gos-tume',  or  Gos'tume,  n. 
Style  or  mode  of  dress. 


Got,    )n.    A  small   house  ; 

Gote,  J  hut ;  cover  for  a 
sore  finger  ;  shed  or  inclos- 
ure. 

G6t,    )  n.      A    little    bed   or 

■Gott,  J      cradle. 

Go-tem'po-ra'ne-ous,  )    a. 

Go-tem'po-ra-ry,  J  Liv- 
ing at  the  same  time. 

Go-tem'po-ra-ry,  n.  One 
who  lives  in  the  same  age. 

Go'te-rie'  (18),  n.  A  set  of 
people  who  meet  familiarly. 

Go-til'lon  (-tll/yun),  In.      A 

Go-til'lion,  )     brisk 

lively  dance  and  tune. 

G6t'tage  (18),  n.  A  small 
house  ;  a  hut.       [a  cottage. 

Got'ta-ger,  n.    One  living  in 

Gat'ter,  n.    A  cottager. 

G6t'ton(k6t'tn), 
n.  A  plant  and 
a  downy  sub- 
stance pro- 
duced by  it. 

Got'ton-y,  a. 
Like  cotton  ; 
downy. 

Got'y-le'don,  n. 
One  of  the 
seed-lobes  of  a 
plant..  [a  seed-lobe. 

G6t'y-led'o-nous,  a.    Having 

Gouch,  v.  i.  To  lie  down  ;  to 
stoop,  as  in  fear.  —  v.  t.  To 
lay  down  ;  to  express  ;  to  re- 
move, as  a  cataract  from  the 
eye.  — n.  A  place  for  repose. 

Gough  ( kawf ),  n.  Effort  of  the 
lungs  to  throw  olf  phlegm. 

—  v.  To  expel  by  a  cough; 
to  try  to  throw  off  phlegm. 

Gould  (kdbd),  imp.  of  Can. 

Goul'ter.     See  Colter. 

Goun'gil,  n.  An  assembly  for 
consultation  or  advice. 

-Goun'gil-or,   I  n.    A  member 

Goun'cil-lor,  J     of  a  council. 

Goun'sel,  n.  Advice  ;  mi  ad- 
viser ;  an  advocate.  —  v.  t. 
(8)    To  give  advice. 

Goun'sel-or   I  (8),    n.       One 

Goun'sel-lor  j  who  gives 
advice ;  a  lawyer. 

Gount,  v.  t.  To  reckon  ;  to 
number;  to  esteem.  —  v.t. 
To  number  or  be  counted. 

—  n.    A  tale  ;  a  title. 


Cotton. 


Goun'te-nanQe,  n.  The  face  ; 
air ;  look  ;  support.  —  v.  t. 
To  support ;  to  patronize. 

Gount'er,  n .  A  shop  table.  — 
adv.    In  opposition. 

Goun'ter-aet',  v.  t.  To  act  in 
opposition,    [weigh  against. 

Goun'ter-bal'ange,  v.  t.    To 

Goun'ter-charm,  n.  That 
which  dissolves  a  charm. 

■Goun'ter-eur'rent,n.  A  cur- 
rent running  contrary  to  the 
main  current. 

Goun'ter-feit,  a.  Forged  ; 
deceitful.  —  n.  A  forgery  ;  a 
cheat.  —  v.t.   To  forge. 

Goun'ter-feit-er,  n.  A  forger. 

Goun'ter-mand,  n.  A  con- 
trary order. 

Goun'ter-mand',  v.  t.  To 
revoke,  as  a  command. 

Goun'ter-march,  n.  A 
marching  back  ;  a  change  of 
the  wings  or  face  of  a  bat- 
talion, [march  back. 

Goun'ter-march',  v.  i.    To 

Goun'ter-mark,  n.  An  after 
mark  on  goods  or  coin. 

Goun'ter-mark',  v.  t.  To 
apply  a  countermark  to. 

•Goun'ter-mine,  n.  A  sub- 
terranean gallery  excavated 
to  frustrate  the  use  of  an- 
other, [feat  secretly. 

Goun'ter-mine',  v  t.  To  de- 

Goun'ter-pane,  n.  Cover  of  a 
bed.  [spondent  part. 

Goun'ter-part,   n.        Corre- 

Goun'ter-plot,  n.  A  plot 
against  a  plot. 

Goun'ter-point,  n.  Art  of 
composing  music  in  parts. 

Goun'ter-poise,  n.  Equal 
weight  in  opposition,  [ance. 

Goun'ter-poise',  v.  t  To  bal- 

Goun'ter-slgn'  (-sin'),  v.  t. 
To  sign  as  secretary  opposite 
to  the  signature  of  a  supe- 
rior,    [military  watchword. 

Goun'ter-slgn  (-sin'),  n.    A 

G!oun'ter-sig'nal,  n.  A  cor- 
responding signal. 

Goun'ter-ten'or,  n.  High 
tenor  in  music. 

Goun'ler-vail',  v.  t.  To  act 
against  equally. 

Gount'ess,  n.  The  wife  of  an 
earl  or  count. 


son,  or,  do,  woif,  t(Jo,  took  ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard;  as.  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  tiiis. 


COUNTING-HOUSE 

Count'ing-house, 1  n.        A 

■Count 'ing-room,  )  house 
or  room  for  the  keeping  of 
accounts.  [infinite. 

■Count'less,  a.    Numberless; 

•Coun'tri-fied,  a.    Kustic. 

■Coun'try  (kun'try),  n.  Land 
around  a  city  ;  a  kingdom 
or  state  ;  native  place. 

-Coun'try-dange,  ».  A  con- 
tra-dance. 

Goun'try-man(21),n.  One  of 
the  same  country  ;  a  rustic. 

■Goun'try-seat,  n.  Country 
residence  of  a  city  gentle- 
man. 

Goun'ty,  n.  A  shire ;  district. 

Goup'le  (kup'l),  n.  Two  of  a 
kind ;  a  pair  ;  a  brace.  —  r. 
To  join  ;  to  link  ;  to  connect. 

•Coiip'let  (kup'let),  n.  Two 
verses  that  rhyme  ;  a  pair. 

Goup'ling  (kQp'-),  n.  That 
which  couples  or  connects. 

■Gou'pon  (orkob'pong),  n.  An 
interest  certificate. 

•Cour'age  (kBr'ej),  n.  Bold- 
ness to  encounter  danger.  — 
Syn.  Bravery  ;  valor. 

■Cour-a/geous,  a.  Brave  ; 
bold;  daring;  valiant,    [ly. 

•Cour-a'geous-ly,  adv.  Brave- 

Cou'ri-er  (koo'ri-er),  n.  A 
messenger  sent  in  haste. 

■Course  «•  A  passing  or  run- 
ning ;  race  ;  career  ;  prog- 
ress; service  of  meat.  —  v.  i. 
or  t.    To  hunt ;  to  run. 

•Cours'er,  n.     A  swift  horse. 

■Court,  n.  Residence  of  a 
prince;  seat  of  justice  ;  an 
inclosed  space  ;  addresses  ; 
attentions. — v.  t.  To  ad- 
dress ;  to  woo. 

•Court'e-ous  (kQrt'e-us),  a. 
Polite  ;  civil ;  complaisant. 

Gourt'e-ous-ly,  adv.  Polite- 
ly, [an ;  a  prostitute. 

Court'e-san,  ».  A  lewd  wom- 

-Courte'sy  (kfirt'sy),  n.  Act 
of  respect  by  women.  —  v.  i. 
To  make  a  courtesy. 

Cotrt'e-sy  (kfirt'e-sy),  n. 
Politene-'S ;  civility. 

Court'ier  (kort'yer),  n.  One 
who  frequents  court. 

Gourt'li-ness,  n.  Complai- 
sance with  dignity. 


74 

Courtly,  a.    Polite  ;  elegant. 

Court'-mar'tial  (26),  n.  A 
court  to  try  crimes  in  mili- 
tary or  naval  affairs. 

Gourt'ship,  n.  Solicitation 
in  marriage. 

Gou§'in  (kiiz'n),  n.  Child  of 
an  unsle  or  aunt. 

Cove,  n.  A  small  creek  or 
b%y .  —  v.  t.     To  arch  over. 

Cov'e-nant,  n.  An  agree- 
ment ;  contract.  —  v.  i.  To 
agree ;  to  stipulate. 

Gov'e-nant-ee',  n.  One  to 
whom  a  covenant  is  made. 

G6v'e-nant-er,  n.  One  who 
makes  a  covenant. 

Gov'er  (kuv'er),  v.  t.  To 
spread  over ;  to  clothe ;  to 
conceal.  —  n.  Shelter  ;  con- 
cealment ;  pretense. 

•Cov'er-ing,  n.  Any  thing 
spread  over.  [cover. 

Cov'er-let,  n.  An  upper  bed- 

Gov'ert  (kuV-),  a.  Hid;  se- 
cret ;  private.  —  n.  A  shel- 
ter ;  defense.        [privately. 

•Cov'ert-ly,  adv.      Secretly  ; 

Gov'ert-ure,  n.  The  state  of 
a  married  woman. 

C6v-et,  v.  t.  To  desire  un- 
lawfully or  earnestly. 

Gov'et-ous,  a.  Avaricious ; 
greedy  for  giin. 

G6v'et-ous-ness,n.  An  eager 
desire  of  gain.  [birds. 

Gov'ey  (19),  n.    A  brood  of 

Cow,  n.  Female  of  the  bull. 
—  v.  t.  To  depress  by  fright- 
ening. 

Cow'ard,  n.  One  wanting 
courage;  a  poltroon.  —  a. 
Timid ;  base ;  pusillanimous. 

Gow'ard-ige,        In. Want  of 

Cow'ard-li-ness,  J  courage; 
timidity;  pusillanimity. 

Gow'ard-ly,  a.  Meanly  timid. 
—  adv.  With  mean  timid- 
ity,       [waver  through  fear. 

■Gow'er,   v.   i.      To  sink    or 

Gow'hide,  n.  Hide  of  a  cow, 
or  leather  made  of  it.  —  v. 
t.     To  beat  with  a  cowhide. 

Cowl,  n.     A  monk's  hood. 

Cow'lick,  n.  A  tuft  of  hair 
turned  wrongly  over  the 
forehead.  [disease. 

Cow'pox,    v.      The  vaccine 


CRANBERRY 

Gow'slip,      )  n.    A  kind  of 
Gow'sMip,  (      primrose. 
Cox'-eomb  (-kom),  n.    A  fop. 
Cox-eomb'i€-al  (-kom'-),  a. 

Foppish  ;  conceited. 
G6x'-eomb-ry  (-kdm-),n.  The 

manners  of  a  coxcomb. 
Coy,  a.     Shrinking  from  fa- 
miliarity.—  Syn.    Modest; 

reserved  ;  shy  ;  bashful. 
Coy'ly,  adv.    With  reserve. 
Coy'ness,  n.     Shyness. 
Coz'en  (kuz'n),  v.  i.  To  cheat. 
Co'zy,  a.  Snug;  comfortable. 
Crab,   n.     A 

shell-fi  sh 

having    ten 

legs ;  a  kind 

of  wild  sour  '"/" 

apple. 
Crab'bed,  a.         Crab. 

Peevish  ;     cross  ;    morose  ; 

difficult,  [crabbed  manner. 
Grab'bed-ly,  adv.  In  a 
Crack,  n.     A  6udden  sharp 

noise ;  a  fissure.  —  v  t.  or  t. 

To  break  into  chinks. 
Crack'-brained,  a.     Crazed. 
Crack'er,  n.  A  hard  biscuit; 

a  kind  of  firework. 
Grack'le  (krak'l),  v.  f.     To 

make  sharp  noises. 
Grack'ling,  n.     The  noise  of 

something  that  crackles 
Gra'dle,   n.      A  machine  for 

rocking  children  ;    also,  one 

for  cutting  grain. — r.  t.  To 

lay  or  rock  in  a  cradle ;  to 

cut  and  lay  with  a  cradle. 
Craft,  n.  Manual  art ;  trade; 

cunning ;  small  vessels. 
Graft'i-ly,  adv.  With  cun- 
ning, [ning. 
Graft'i-ness  (13),  n.  Cun- 
Crafts'man,M.  A  mechanic. 
Craft'y,  a.  Cunning;  artful. 
Crag,  n.  A  rough,  steep  rock. 
Grag'ged,  )  a.  Rugged  with 
Grag'gy,  )  broken  rocks. 
Cram,  v.  t.  or  j.  To  stuff;  to 

crowd.  [ing  rhymes. 

•Cram'bo,  n.   A  game  at  find- 
Cramp,  n.     A  spasm  of  the 

muscles.  —  r.  t.  To  confine. 
Cram-pdbn§',  n.  pi.   Hooked 

pieces  of  iron  for  hoisting. 
Cran'ber-ry ,  n .    A  sour,  red 

berry,  growing  in  swamps. 


o,u,y,Zongv  a,  e,t,  6,  Q,y,  short;  cure,  car, ask, all, what;  ere, veil, tSrm  ;  p'.'que,  firm  ; 


Crane,  n 


CRANE 


Lne,n.  A  migratory  wading 
bird;  a  machine 
for  i-aising  heavy 
weights. 
■e  r  a'n  i-6  l'o-g  y 
n.  A  treatise  on' 
the  cranium 


Cra'ni-um,n.  (pi. 


Crane. 


Cra'ni-a,  25.)    The  skull. 

■Crank,  n.  Bent  end  of  an  axis. 
—  a.  Bold ;  liable  to  overset. 

■Crank'le,  v.  To  run  in  a 
winding  course. 

Cran'ny,  n.    Crevice  ;  crack. 

Crape,  n.  A  loosely  woven 
stuff  used  in  mourning. 

•Crash,  r.  t.  To  make  a  noise, 
as  of  things  falling.  —  n.  A 
loud  noise,  as  of  things  fall- 
ing and  breaking. 

■Crate,  n.  A  wicker  pannier 
for  earthen  ware.         [cano. 

•Cra/ter,  n.    Mouth  of  a  vol- 

■Craunch  (kranch),  v.  t.  To 
crush  with  the  teeth. 

Cra-vat',  n.     A  neckcloth. 

•Crave,  v.  t.  To  ask  or  desire 
earnestly. 

■Cra'ven,  a.  Mean  and  cow- 
ardly'—  n.     A  coward. 

Craw,  n.     The  crop  of  birds. 

Craw'fish,  or  Cray'fish,  n. 
A  ^hell-fish,  resembling  the 
lobster.  [as  a  worm. 

Crawl,  v.  i.  To  creep  :  to  move 

Cray'bn,  n.  A  pencil  ;  a 
drawing.  —  v.  t.  To  sketch 
with  a  crayon. 

■Craze,  <v.  t.  To  impair  the 
intellect ;  to  make  crazy. 

•Cra'zi-ness,  n.  State  of  being 
crazy,  or  deranged. 

Cra/zy,  a.  Deranged;  insane; 
broken.  [ing  sound. 

•Creak,  v.  i.    To  make  a  exat- 

■Creak'ing,  n.  A  sharp,  harsh, 
continued  noise. 

Cream,  n.  Oily  part  of  milk. 
V.  i.  or  t.     To  \ield  cream. 

Cream'y,  a.    Full  of  cream . 

Crease,  n.  A  mark  left  by 
folding.  — v.  t.  To  mark  by 
folding.  [existence. 

-Cre-ate',  v.  t.    To  bring  into 

•Cre-a'tion,  n.  Act  of  creat- 
ing :  universe. 

-Gre-a/tive,a.  Having  power 
to  create. 


75 

•Gre-a'tor,  n.  One  who  gives 
existence ;  a  maker ;  God. 

■Creat'ure,  n.  A  being  or  thing 
created. 

Cre'dence,  n.    Belief;  faith. 

Cre-den'tial§,  n.  pi.  That 
which  gives  credit;  testimo- 
nial, [to  belief. 

Cred'i-bil'1-ty,  n.  .lust claim 

Cred'i-ble,  a.  AVorthy  of 
credit.  [ible  manner. 

Cred'i-bly,  adv.    In  a  cred- 

•Cred'it,  n.  Belief;  trust ;  in- 
fluence ;  reputation  ;  es- 
teem ;  amount  due.  —  v.  t. 
To  believe  ;  to  trust ;  to  con- 
fide in. 

Cred'it-a-ble,  a.  Reputable. 

Cred/it-a-bly,  adv.  Repu- 
tably, [a  debt  is  due. 

-Gred'it-or,  n.    One  to  whom 

Cre-du'li-ty,  n.  Easiness  of 
belief;  readiness  to  believe. 

Cred'u-lous,  a.  Too  apt  to 
believe.        [articles  of  faith. 

•Creed,  n.  Belief ;  summary  of 

Creek,  n.  A  small  inlet,  bay, 
or  river.  [basket. 

Creel,  n.     An  osier  fishing 

■Creep,  v.  ?'.  [imp.  crept, 
cheeped.]  To  move  as  a 
worm  ;  to  move  slowly. 

Cre'ole,  n.  Any  native  of  the 
West  Indies  or  tropical 
America,  except  a  full  blood- 
ed Indian  ;  in  Louisiana,  a 
person  of  French  descent. 

Cre'o-sote,  n.  An  oily  liquid 
having  the  smell  of  smoke. 

Crep'i-tate,  v.  i.  To  crackle 
in  burning.  [sound. 

Crep'i-ta'tion,  n.  A  crackling 

Crept,  imp.  of  Creep. 

•Cre-piis'-eu-lar.  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  like,  twilight. 

■Gres'Qent,  «■  Increasing. — 
n.  The  increasing  moon ; 
Turkish  standard. 

Cress  (2),  it.     A  plant. 

Cr<5st,  v .  Plun  e  of  feathers. 

•Grest'ed,  a.  Wearing  a  crest. 

■Crest'-f alien  (-fa win),  a.  De- 
jected ;   cowed. 

•Cre-ta/ceous  (-shus),  a.  Of 
the  nature  of  chalk,  [crack. 

Crev'Ice  (18),    n.    A    nnall 

Crew  (kru),  n.  A  ship's  com- 
pany.—  v.,  imp.  of  Crow. 


CRITICISE 

■Crew'el  (kru'el),  n.  A  ball  of 

yarn ;  two-threaded  worsted. 
■Crib,  n.     A  manger  ;    rack  ; 

stall.  [cards. 

Crib'bage,    it.      A  game  at 
•Crick,  n.  A  cramp  :  spasmodic 

affection,  as  of  the  nee  k. 
Crick'et,  n.    A  small  insect; 

a  sort  of  low  stool ;  a  game. 
Cried,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Cry. 
Cri'er  (13),  n.   One  who  cries. 
Crime,  n.  A  violation  of  law. 

—  Syn.    Sin;  vice;  offense. 
•Crim'i-nal,  a.    Guilty  of  a 

crime.  —  n.  A  man  guilty 
of  a  crime.  [guilt. 

-Crim'i-nal-ly,    adv.      With 

•Crim'i-nal'i-ty,  n.  The  qual- 
ity of  being  criminal. 

Crim'i-nate,  r.  t.  To  charge 
with  crime  ;  toaccuse.  [tion. 

-CrinVi-na/tion,  n.    Accusa- 

•Ciimp,  a.  Crumbling  easily  ; 
brittle.  —  v.  t.  To  catch  ; 
to  make  crisp  ;  to  form  into 
little  ridges. 

•Crrm'gon,  n.  A  deep  red 
color".  —  a.  Colored  ae  crim- 
son.—  v.  t.  To  tinge  with 
a  deep  red. —  v.  i.  To  blush. 

•Cringe,  n.  A  low  bow  ;  mean 
servility. — v.  i.  To  bow 
with  servility  ;  to  fawn. 

•Crink'le(kriLik/l),  r.  To  bend 
in  turns  or  flexures.  —  n. 
One  of  several  folds  or  flex- 
ures. 

•Crlp'ple,  n.     A  lame  person. 

—  v.  t.     To  make  lame. 
-Gri'sis  (25), n.  A  critical  time 

or  turn. 
■Crisp,  v.   t.    To  wrinkle  or 

curl ;  to  make  brittle. 
■Crisp,      la.     Brittle  ;  short; 
•Crisp'y,  j     wrinkled;  curled. 
Cri-te'ri-on,  n.  (pi.  Cri-te'- 

ri-a,   25.)    A  standard  of 

judging.  [judging. 

Crit'i-e,   v.      One   skilled  in 
Crit'i-e  al,    a.      Relating    to 

criticism  ;    nice ;    captious  ; 

indicating  a  crisis. 
■Crit'i-e-al-ly,    adv.      In  the 

manner  of  a  critic  ;  exactly. 
-Crlfi-clse    (31),    v.    t.      To 

judge  and  remark  upon  with 

exacrness.  —  r.  t.    To  act  as 

a  critic. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  tob,  tdbk;  urn,  rue,  pull;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  ag  ;  exist;  q  as  ng;  this. 


^m 


Crocodile. 


CRITICISM 

Crit'i-cism,  n.  The  art  or 
act  of* criticising;  critical 
remark.  lamination. 

Cri-tique',  n.      Critical   ex- 
Croak,  n.    Cry  of  a  frog.  — 
v.    i.      To    utter  a    rough 
sound  like  a  frag. 

Croak'er,  n.  One  who  croaks 

■Crock,  it.  A  pot ;  black  mat- 
ter.—  v.  t.    To  blacken. 

Cr6ek'er-y,  n.  All  kinds  of 
coarse  earthen  ware. 

Croe'o-dlle, 
n.  An  am- 
phibious an 
imal  of  the 
lizard  kind 

Cro'-eus,  n  A 
plant  and  its 
flower. 

Croft,  n.    A  little  field. 

Crone,  n.    An  old  woman. 

Cro'ny,  n.  An  intimate  ac- 
quaintance. 

Crook',  n.  A  bend ;  a  shep- 
herd's staff. —  v.  [imp.  & 
p.  p.  crooked.]   To  bend. 

Crdok'ed,  p.  a.  Bent ;  curv- 
ing. 

Crdbk'ed-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  crooked. 

Crop,  n.  The  harvest;  the 
stomach  of  a  bird. — v.  t. 
To  cut  off;  to  reap. 

CrS'sier  (kro'- 
zhur),  n.  A  bish- 
op's pastoral  staff. 

Cross  (2),  n.  A 
straight  body 
crossing  another ;  Crosiers. 
a  gibbet ;  adversity  ;  trial. 
—  a.  Athwart;  peevish. — 
V.  t.  To  lay  athwart;  to 
cancel ;  to  obstruct.      [bar. 

Cr6ss'-bar,  n.     A  transverse 

Cross'-bow,  n.  A  bow  for 
shooting  arrows. 

Cross-ex-am'ine,tJ.  t.  To  ex- 
amine by  the  opposite  partv. 

-^Tdss'-eyed  (-Id),  a.  Having 
eyes  looking  Id  directions 
that  cross  each  other,    [ing. 

CrSss'ing,  n     Place  of  pass- 

CrSss'ness,  n.     Peevishness. 

Crdss'-pur'pose  (-pur'pus), 
n.     A  contrary  purpose. 

Crdss'-ques'tion  (kweV-),  v 
t.     To  cross-examine. 


76 

Cr5ss'-road,  )n.      A  way  or 
Cr6ss'-way,  )      road     that 

crosses  another.  [a  cross. 
Cross'wige,  adv.  In  form  of 
Crotch,  n.     The  forking  of  a 

tree.  [crotch. 

Crotch'ed,    a.        Having    a 
Crdtch'et,  n.     A  note  equal 

to  half  a  minim  ;  a  whim. 
Crouch,  v.  i.  To  stoop  low. 
Croup  (kroop),  n      A  disease 

in  the  throat ;  buttocks  of 

a  quadruped. 
Crow,  n.    A  black  fowl;  the 

cocks  voice.  —  v.  i.    [imp. 

CREW    or    CROWED.]      To 

utter  the  cry  of  a  cock. 

Crow'bar,  n.  A  heavy  iron 
bar,  used  as  a  lever. 

Crowd,  n..  A  throng  ;  a  mul- 
titude ;  a  violin,  —v.  t.  To 
press  close  ;  to  urge.  —  v.  i. 
To  press  together. 

Crow'-fdot,  n.    A  plant. 

Crown,  n.  Top  of  the  head ; 
a  royal  ornament ;  a  gar- 
land ;  a  coin.  —  v.  t.  To 
invest  with  a  crown  ;  to  dig- 
nify ;  to  complete. 

Crown'-glass,  n.  A  fine  kind 
of  window-glass. 

Crow'§'-fdot,  n.  Wrinkle  at 
the  outer  corner  of  the  eye. 

Cru'cial,  a.  Transverse ;  in- 
tersecting ;  severe    [torture. 

Cru'ci-ate  (kru'shl-),r.  t.  To 

Crii'ci-ble,  n.  A  chemical 
vessel. 

Cru'gi-fT'er,  n.  One  who 
crucifies. 

Cru'ci-fix,  n.  A  little  cross 
with  an  image  of  Christ  on  it. 

Cru/Qi-fix'ion,  n.  A  nailing 
to  a  cross.  (cross 

Cru'gi-form,  a.   In  form  of  a 

Crii'gi-fy,  v.t.  To  fasten  and 
put  todeath  on  a  cross. 

Crude,  a.  In  a  raw  or  rough 
state:  unfinished;  unripe. 

Crude'ly,  Adv.  With  rawness. 

Crude'ness,  a.     Rawness. 

Cni'di-ty,  n.  Undigested  mat- 
ter ;  immaturity.  I  pity. 

Cru'el,  a.  Inhuman  ;  void  of 

Cru'el-ly,  adv.     Inhumanly. 

Cru'el-ty,  n.    Inhumanity. 

Cru'et,  n.     A  vial  for  sauces. 

Cruise,  V.  i.     To  rove  back 


CRYSTALLIZE 

and  forth  on  the  sea.  —  n. 

A  cruising  voyage. 
Cruis/er,  n.  A  person  or  ves- 
sel that  cruises. 
Crumb  (krum),  n.  A  fragment 

or  piece,  as  of  bread.  —  v.  t. 

To  break  into  crumbs. 
Crum'ble,  v.  t.  To  break  into 

small  pieces.  —  v.  i.    To  fall 

to  decay  ;  to  perish. 
Crum'pet,  n.    A  kind  of  soft 

bread -cake. 
Crum'ple,  v.      To  draw  or 

shrink  into  wrinkles. 
Crup'per  (krdbp'er),  n.      A 

leather    to    hold    a    saddle 

back  ;  buttocks  of  a  horse. 

—  v.  t.  To  put  a  crupper  on. 
Cru-sade',  n.  A  military  ex- 
pedition to  recover  the  Holy 
Laud  ;  any  religious  or  fa- 
natical expedition. 

Cru-sad'er.  n.  One  employed 
in  a  crusade.  [vial. 

Criise,   n.     A   small  cup   or 

Crush,  v.  t.  To  bruise  or 
break  by  pressure ;  to  sub- 
due ;  to  ruin.  — 11.  A  violent 
collision  and  compression. 

Crust,  n.     A  hard  covering. 

—  v.i.  or  t.     To  cover  with 
a  hard  case. 

Crus-ta'cean,rc.  A  shell-fish 
with  a  crust-like  shell,  as 
the  lobster. 

Crus-ta'ceous,  a.  Having 
jointed  crust-like  shells. 

Crust'i-ly,  adv.   Peevishly. 

Crust'y,  a.  Like  crust ;  snap- 
pish ;  peevish  ;  surly. 

Crutch,  n.  A  staff  for  crip- 
ples. —  v.  t.  To  support  on 
crutches. 

Cry,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  call  ;  to 
exclaim  ;  to  proclaim  ;  to 
weep.  —  n.  A  bawling  ;  out- 
cry ;  yell ;  a  weeping. 

Crypt,  n.  A  cell  or  vault 
under  a  church. 

Crys'tal,  n.  A  regular  solid 
body  ;  fine  glass  ;  a  watch- 
glass. 

Crys'tal,  )  a.  Consisting 

Crys'tal -line,  I      of  crystal. 

Crys'tal-li-za'tion.  n  The 
process  of  forming  crystals. 

Crys'tal-lize  (7),  r.  t.  or  i. 
To  form  into  crystals. 


,o,u,y, long;  a,  Z,\,6,u,$,short ;  care,car,ask,  ah, what;  ere,  veil,  tCrm  ;  pique, 


a.e. 


CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 


77 


■Crys'tal-lSg'ra-phy,  n.   The 

science  of  crystallization. 
■Cub,  n.     The  young  of  many 

beasts,  especially  of  the  dog. 
■Cii'ba-ture,  n.      The  finding 

the  exact  cubic  contents  of 

a  body. 
-Cube,  n.     A  reg- 
ular solid  body 

with  six  equal 

sides  ;  the  third 

power  of  a  root.       Cube. 
-Cu'beb,    n.     A  small  spicy 

tropical  berry. 
-Gu'bi-e,  a.     Having  the  form 

of  a  cube.  [cube. 

•Cu'bi-form,  a.     In  form  of  a 
-Cu'bit,  n.      The    fore  arm ; 

measure    of  a    man's    arm 

from  the  elbow  to  the  wrist. 
•Cuck'old,  n.     A  man  whose 

wife  is  false  to  him. 
-Cuck'ob,    n.      A    bird,  —  so 

called  from  its  note. 
•€u'<jum-ber,  n.      A  certain 

garden  plant. 
■CM,  n.    A  portion  of  food  or 

of  tobacco  chewed,  [snug. 
•CM'dle,  v.  >..  To  lie  close  or 
■Ciid'dy,  n.     A  small  cabin  in 

a  lighter  or  boat. 
•Cud'gel  (8),  n.  A  thick,  heavy 

stick. — v.  t      To  beat  with 

a  stick. 
■Cue  (18),  n.     End  or  tail  of  a 

thing  ;  a  hint ;  a  rod  used  in 

pla\  ing  billiards. 
-Cuff  (1),  n.     A  blow  ;  part  of 

a  sleeve. — v.  t.     To  strike 

with  the  open  hand. 
•Cu'i-rass'  (kwe-rus'  or  kwE'- 

ras),  n.    A  breastplate. 
■Gu'i'ras-sier'  (kw^'ras-seer'), 

n.     A  soldier  armed  with  a 

cuirass.  [the  kitchen. 

■Cu'li-na-ry,  a.    Belonging  to 
■Gull  (1),  v.  t.     To  select  or 

pick  out.  [strainer. 

-Cul'len-der,  n.    A  kind  of 
•Cul'ler,  n.    One  who  culls. 
■Cul'mi-nate,  v.  i.     To  reach 

the  highest  point. 
Cul'mi-na/tion,  n.    Highest 

point  of  altitude.  [able. 
Cul'pa-ble,  a.  Faulty  ;  bl.im- 
-Cul'pa-bil'i-ty,  n.  Blamable- 

ness  ;  faultiness  ;  guilt. 
"Giil'pa-bly,  adv.  With  blame. 


Cultivator. 


-Gul'prit,  n.  One  accused  or 
convicted  of  crime. 

■€ul'ti-va-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  cultivated. 

-Cul'ti-vate,  v.t.  To  till ;  to 
foster  ;  to  raise  by  tilling. 

-Cul'ti-va/ted,  p.  a.  Improved 
or  raised  by  culture. 

-Cul'ti-va'tion,  n.  Improve- 
ment by  tillage,  or  by 
study. 

-Gul'ti-va'tor,  n.  One  who 
cultivates;  an 
implement  for 
loosening  the 
surface  of  the 
ground. 

-Gult'ure,  n.  Act  of  cultivat- 
ing. —  v.  t.    To  cultivate. 

-Gul'vert,w.  An  arched  drain. 

-Gum'ber,  v.  i.  To  clog;  to 
burden.  [some. 

-Cum'ber-some ,  a.     Burden- 

-Cum'brous.a.  Troublesome ; 
embarrassing;  oppressive. 

-Cum/in,  n.  A  plant  having 
aromatic  seeds. 

-eu'mu-late,  v.t.  To  heap  up. 

•Cu'mu-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
heaping  together. 

■Gu'mu-la-tive,  a.  Augment- 
ing by  addition.        [shaped. 

-Cu-ne'i-form,     a       W'edge- 

-Gun'ning,  a.  Artful ;  crafty ; 
sly.  —  n.  Art ;  skill ;  craft. 

•Cup,  n.  A  small  drinking  ves- 
sel. —  e.  t.  To  bleed  by  scari- 
fication,       [closet  for  cups. 

-Cup'board  (kQVurd),  n.    A 

-Cu'pel,  n.    A  little  cup. 

•Cu'pel-la/tion,  n.  The  pro- 
cess of  refining  metals. 

■Cu-pid'i-ty,  n.  Inordinate  de- 
sire, particularly  of  wealth. 

•€u'po-la(18),  n.  A  dome;  an 
arched  roof.  [bleeding. 

■Ciip'ping,    n.      A    mode  of 

■Cur,  n.  A  dog;  a  snappish 
fellow.  [ing  cured. 

■Gur'a-ble,  a.     Capable  of  be- 

•Cu'ra-Qoa^-so'),  v.  A  cordial 
flavored  with  orange  peel 
and  spices.  [rate. 

•Cu/ra-gy,  n.    Office  of  a  cu- 

-Gu'rate,  n.  An  assistant  to  a 
rector  or  vicar.  [cure. 

•Cu'ra-tive,    a.     Tending    to 

•Cu-ra/tcr,  n.    A  guardian. 


6<in,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdok  ;  tlrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  €,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng 


CURTAIN 

-Curb,  vi  t.  To  keep  in  sub- 
jection- —  Syn.  To  check  ; 
bridle;  control. — n.  Part 
of  a  bridle ;  box  round  a 
well ;  restraint. 

•Curd,  n.     Coagulated  milk. 

-Cur'dle,  v.     To  coagulate. 

■Cure,  n.  Remedy  ;  a  healing. 

—  v.  t    To  restore  to  health  ; 
to  salt  and  dry. 

-Gur'few,  n.   An  evening  bell. 

-Cu/ri-os'i-ty,  n.  Great  iu- 
quisitiveness ;  a  rarity  ;  a 
sight. 

•Cu'ri-ous,  a.  Inquisitive  ; 
nice  ;   singular. 

■Curl,  n.  A  ringlet  of  hair.  — 
v.     To  form  into  ringlets. 

-Cur'lew.  n.  An  aquatic  wad- 
ing bird.  [curly. 

•Curl'i-ness,  n.  State  of  being 

-Gurl'y,  a.     Having  curls. 

•Cur-mud'geon  (-jun),  n.  A 
miser;  a  churl. 

•Cur'rant,  n.  A  shrub  and  its 
fruit. 

-Cur'ren-Qy,  n.  Circulation  ; 
money  ;  paper  passing  for 
money. 

•Cur'rent,  a.  Circulating ; 
common  ;  generally  re- 
ceived ;  now  passing.  —  n. 
A  stream  ;  general  course. 

•Cur'rent-ly,  adv.  With  gen- 
eral reception ;  fashionably. 

•Cur'ri-ele,  n.  A  chaise  of 
two  wheels  for  two  horses.. 

•Cur'ri-er,  n.  A  dresser  of 
tanned  leather. 

■€ur'rish,a.  Like  a  cross  dog. 

■Cur'ry,  v.  t.  To  rub  and  clean. 

•Cur'ry-eomb  (-kom),  n.  A 
comb  to  clean  horses. 

•Curse,  v.  t.     To  wish  evil  to. 

—  v.  ?'.     To  use  oaths.  —  n. 
A  wish  of  evil :  execration. 

Curs'ed,  a.  Deserving  a 
curse  ;  vexatious  ;  hateful. 

•Cur'sive,  a.  Running;  flow- 
ing ;  hasty.  [iij. 

-Cur'so-ri-ly  {\2>\ndv.    Hast- 

■Cur'so-ry,  a.  Hasty  ;  hur- 
ried ;  slight. 

■Cur-tail',  v.  t.  To  cut  short ; 
to  abridge  ;  to  cut  off. 

Cur'tain,  n.  A  hanging  cloth 
for  a  bed  or  window.  — v.  t. 
To  furnish  with  curtains. 

this. 


CUEVATION 


78 


DAISY 


■Gur-va'tion,  n.  Act  of  curv- 
ing or  bending. 

•Gurv'a-ture,  u.    A  curve. 

Curve,  a.  Bending;  inflected. 
—  n.  Any  thir.g 
bent. — v.t.   To  S*>      "^ 
inflect ;  to  bend. 

■Gur'vet,      n.       A     Curve, 
particular  leap  of  a  horse. 

Gurv'i-lin'c-al,  I  a.    Having 

Gurv/i-Hn'e-ar, )  a  curve 
line.  [curvature. 

Curv'i-ty,  n.    A  bent  state  ; 

Cush'ion  (kdbsh'un),  n.  A 
pillow  for  a  seat.  —  v.  t.  To 
furnish  with  cushions. 

Gusp,  n.  Point  of  the  new 
moon ;  projecting  point  in 
arches,  &c. 

•Giisp'i-date,      |  a.     Ending 

■Gusp'i-da'ted,  )    in  a  point. 

■Ciis'tard,  n.  A  composition 
of  milk,  eggs,  sugar,  &c. 

Gus-to'di-an,  n.  One  who 
has  the  care  of  a  public 
building. 

•Giis'to-dy,  n.  A  keeping  or 
guarding ;  imprisonment. 

Gus'tom,  n.  Habitual  prac- 
tice; (pi.)  duties  on  im- 
ported or  exported  goods. 

•€us'tom-a-ri-ly,  adv.  Habit- 
ually. 

•€us'tom-a-ry,  a.  Conform- 
able to  custom  ;  conven- 
tional. 

■Gus'tom-er,  n.  An  accus- 
tomed buyer ;  a  purchaser. 


■Gus'tom -house,  n.  Place 
where  customs  or  duties  are 
paid. 

•Girt,  v.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
cut.]  To  make  an  incision 
in  ;  to  divide  ;  to  hew  ;  to 
carve  ;  to  chop.  —  n.  A 
cleft  or  gash  ;  a  slice 

Gu-ta'ne-ous,  «•  Relating  to 
the  skin.  [of  the  body. 

■Cu'ti-ele,  n.   Outermost  skin 

Gu-tie'u-lar,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  cuticle.  [sword. 

-Gut'lass,  n.  A  broad  curving 

-Cut'ler,«.  A  maker  of  knives, 
and  the  like.       [by  cutlers. 

Gut'ler-y,  ft.     Articles  made 

-Cut'let,  n.  A  small  piece  of 
meat  for  broiling. 

Gut'purse,  n.  One  who  cuts 
purses  to  steal  their  con- 
tents. 

-Gut'ter,  n.  A  swift  sailing 
vessel. 

Cut'-throat,  n.  A  murder- 
er ;  an  assassin . 

Gut'ting,  a.  Severe  ;  pun- 
gent. —  n.     A  piece  cut  oiT. 

Gut'tle-fish,  n.  A  mollus- 
cous animal. 

Gut'-wa/ter,  n .  Fore  part  of 
a  ship's  prow. 

Qy'ele,  n.  A  circle  or  orbit ; 
a  round  of  time. 

Qy-e'li-e,       I  a.  Pertaining  to 

Qy-e'li-e-al,  j      a  cycle. 

Cy/elo-pe'an,  I  a.  Vast ;  mas- 

Qy-eI6p'ie,     j     sive. 


Qy'elo-pss'di-a  1  (18),  n. 

Qy'elo-pe'di-a  )       body 
circle  of  sciences. 

Qyg'net,  n.  A  young 
swan. 

Qyi'in-der,  n.  A 
long  circular  body 
of  uniform  diame- 
ter. 

Cjy-lm'drie-al,  a. 
\  Of  the  nature  of  a 
|      cylinder.  Cylinder, 

i  Qym'bal,  n.     An  instrument 
1      of  music.  n 

Qyn'ie,       J  a.  Surly  ;  <£S|> 

Qyn'ie-al,  I        suarl- 
ing;  satirical. 

Qyn'ie,  n.    A  morose 
man.  _  Cymbals. 

Qyn'o-sure,  or  Qy 'no-sure 
(-shijrj,  n.  The  star  nearest 
the  north  pole  ;  a  center  of 
attraction. 

Qy'press,  n.  An  evergreen 
tree,  anciently  used  at  funer- 
als and  to  adorn  tombs,  and 
hence  an  emblem  of  mourn- 
ing. 

Qyst,  n.  A  bag  in  animal 
bodies  inclosing  matter. 

Qzar  (zfir),  n.  A  king ;  a 
chief;  the  emperor  cf  Prus- 
sia. 

Cjza-ri'na  (za-ree'na),  n.  The 
empress  of  Russia. 

Qzar'o-witz  (zar'o-wlts),  n. 
Eldest  son  of  the  Czar  of 
Russia. 


D. 


DAB,  v.  t.     To  hit  gently 
with  the  hand  or  with 
something  soft  or  moist.  — 
n.     A  blow  with  something 
soft. 
Dab'ble,  v.   i.     To    play    in 

water. 
Dab'bler,  n.     One  who  dab- 

b'es. 

D3,b'ster,  n.     An  adept. 
Dacje,  «•     A  small  river  fish. 
Da-e'tyl,  n.    A  poetical  foot 


of  one  long  and  two  short 

syllables. 
Dad,        In.     A  child's  term 
Dad'dy,  f      for  father. 
Daf'fo-dll,  n.     A  plant  with 

yellow  flowers. 
Dag'ger,  n.     A  short  sword  ; 

a  reference  mark  [t]. 
Da-guerre'o-type    (-^er'o-), 

n.     A  photographic  picture 

on  a  plate  of  silvered  copper. 
Dahl'ia  (diil'yii  or  diil'ya),  n. 


A    plant  bearing  beautiful 

flowers. 
Dai'ly  (14),  a.     Being  every 

day. — adv.     Everyday. 
Dain'ti-ly  (13),  adv.    Nicely; 

delicately. 
Dain'ty,  a.  Nice  ;  fastidious  ; 

delicious.  —  n.     A  nice  bit. 
Dai'ry,  n.    The  place  where 

milk  is  kept,  and  made  into 

butter  or  cheese.         [plant. 
Dai'sy,    n.      A    well-known 


5i,Z,\,Q,u,y,long;2i,  e,  I,  o,u,y,  short;  cure,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  Ore,  veil,  term;  pique,  firm; 


DALE 


79 


DEAN 


Dale,  n.  A  low  place  between 

hills. 
Dal'li-ange  (13),  n.    Act  of 

fondness  ;  mutual  embrace. 
Dal'ly,  v.  i.    To  delay  ;    to 

linger  ;    to  trifle    or    sport 

to  fondle. 
Dam,    n.      The    mother    of 

brutes ;   a  bank  to  confine 

water. — r.   t.     To    confine 

or  shut  in  by  dams. 
Dam'age,  n.     Injury  ;  hurt. 

—  v.  t.    To  injure  ;  to  hurt. 
Dam/ask,  n.    A  silk  woven 

with  flowers. — v.  t.  To 
decorate  with  oruamental 
figures,  as  silk,  steel,  &c. 

Dam/ask-een',  v.  i.  To  dam- 
ask. 

Dame,  n.    A  lady  ;  a  matron. 

Damn  (dam),  v.  t.  To  con- 
demn. 

Dam'na-ble,  a.  Deserving 
damnation  ;   odious. 

Dam'na-bly,  adv.  So  as  to 
incur  or  deserve  damnation. 

Dam-na'tion,  n.  Sentence  to 
everlasting  punishment. 

DIm'na-to-ry,a.  Tending  to 
condemn ;  condemnatory. 

Damp,  a.  Moist;  humid; 
watery. — n.  Moist  air;  fog. 

—  V.  t.  To  wet;  to  dispirit. 
Damp'er,  n.    A  valve  to  stop 

air;  that  which  damps. 

Damp'ness,  n.     Humidity. 

Dam'sel,  n.  A  young  maiden. 

Dam 'son  (dam'zn),  n.  A 
small  black  plum. 

Danc,e,  v.  i.  To  move  to 
music  with  varied  motions 
of  the  feet.  —  «.  A  moving 
to  the  sound  of  music. 


Dan'ger,  n.  One  who 

Dan'dle,  v.  t.  To  shake  on  the 
knee  ;  to  fondle.  [head. 

Dan'druff,  n.    Scurf  on  the 

Dan'dy,  n.  A  fop  :  a  coxcomb,  j 

Dan'dy-ism,  n.  Manners  and  ' 
character  of  a  dandy. 

Dan'ger,  n.     Exposure  to  in- 
jury :  peril. 

Dan'ger-ous,  a.  Full  of  dan- 
ger, [danger. 

Dan'ger-ous-ly,  adv.    With 

Dan'gle,  o.  i.   To  hang  loose. 

Dank,  a.    Moist ;  damp. 

Dap'per,  a.  Little  and  active. 


Dap'ple,  a.  Of  various  colors. 

Dap'pled,  a.  Spotted. 

Dare,  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
DURST.  J  To  have  courage  ; 
to  venture.  —  v.  I.  To  chal- 
lenge ;  to  defy  ;  to  venture. 

Dar'ing,  a.  Having  great 
courage  ;  fearless  ;  brave. 

Dark,  a.  Wanting  light  ;  ob- 
scure :  opaque.  —  n.  Dark- 
ness ;  gloom. 

Dark'en,  v.t.  To  make  dark. 

—  v.  i.    To  grow  dark. 
Dark'ish,  a.    Rather  dark  ; 

dusky.  [blindly. 

Dark'iy,    adv.      Obscurely ; 
Dark'ness,  *.  Want  of  light ; 

gloom  ;  obscurity. 
Dark'some,  a.  Gloomy  ;  dim. 
Dar'ling,  a.    Dearly  beloved. 

—  n.  One  much  loved. 
Darn,   v.  t.    To  mend  holes 

in  by  sewing. 

Dar'nel,  n.  A  kind  of  grass. 

Dart,  n.  A  pointed  missile 
weapon.  —  v.  t.  To  throw  ; 
to  hurl ;  to  emit.  — v.  i.  To 
fly  as  a  dart. 

Dash,  v.  t.  lo  throw  violent- 
ly.—  v.  t.  To  rush  or  strike 
violently.  —  n.  Collision  ; 
sudden  onset ;  a  mark  [ — ] 
used  in  writing  and  printing. 

Das'tard,  n.  One  who  mean- 
ly shrinks  from  danger.  — 
Syn.    Coward  ;  poltroon. 

Das'tard-ly,  a.  Meanly  timid. 

Da'ta,  n.  pi.  Propositions 
given  and  admitted  ;  prem- 
ises. 

Date,  n.  The  time 
of  an  event ;  the 
fruit  of  a  palm- 
tree.  —  v.  t.  To 
note  the  time  of. 

Da'tive,    n.      The 

third  of  the  Greek  Date-tree, 
and  Latin  cases. 

Daub  (8),  v.  t.  To  smear  ;  to 
paint  coarsely. 

Daub'er,  n.   One  who  daubs. 

Daub'y,  a.  Sticky  ;  ropy  ; 
glutinous  ;  viscous. 

Daugh'ter  (daw'ter),  n.  A 
female  child. 

Daunt,  v  t  To  check  by  fear 
of  danger.  —SYN.  To  intim- 
idate ;  dishearten ;  dismay. 


Davits. 


Daunt'less,  a.    Fearless  ;  in. 

trepid  ;  bold. 
Dau'phin,  n.    Eldest  son  of 

the  king  of  France. 
Dav'it.orDa'vit, 

n.        Projecting 

pieces  of  iron  in  ^ 

a ship  to  suspend. 

a  boat  from. 
Daw'dle,r. »'.    To 

waste    time    by 

trifling. 
Dawn,  v.  i.    To  begin  to  arrow 

light. — n.     Break  of  day  ; 

beginning  ;  first  rise. 
Day,  n.  Time  from  sunrise  to 

sunset  ;  the  24  hours. 
Day'-bdbk,  n.    A  journal  of 

accounts.  [anceofday. 

Day'-break,  n.  First appear- 
Day'llght  (-lit),  n.    Light  of 

day. 
Day'-spring,  n.    The  dawn. 
Daze,  v.  t.    To  dazzle  ;  to  be- 
wilder. 
Daz'zle,  v.  t.    To  overpower 

with  light  or  splendor. 
Dea'-con  (de'kn),  n.    A  sub- 
ordinate church  officer. 
Dea'-eon-shfp,  n.    Office  of  a 

deacon. 
Dead,  a.     Destitute  of  life  ; 

lifeless  ;    dull  ;    still.  —  n. 

Stillness  ;  gloom  ;  silence. 
Dead'en  (ded  n),  v.  t.     To 

make  dead  or  spiritless. 
Dead'-light   (-lit),   n.       A 

strong  shutter  for  a  cabin. 

window,  with«a  glass  in  it. 
Dead'ly,  a.  Fatal ;  mortal 
Dead'ness,  n.  Want  of  life. 
Deaf  (or  deef),  a.       Wanting 

the  sense  of  hearing. 
Deafen  (ordef'n),  v.  t.    To 

make  deaf. 
Deaf-mute  (or  dSPmut),  n. 

One  both  deaf  and  dumb. 
Deaf  ness  (or  def'-),  n.  Want 

of  the  ability  to  hear. 
Deal,  n.     A  part;  quantity; 

distribution  :   a  pine  or  fir 

board  or  plank. —  v.  t.  [imp. 

&  p.  p.  dealt.]      To  dis- 
tribute ;  to  divide. — 1>.  t.  To 

traffic ;  to  trade. 
Dean,  n.      An   ecclesiastical 

dignitary  subordinate  to  a 

bishop. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  to~o,  took  ;  Qrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard ;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


DEANERY 

Dean'er-y,  n.  Office  of  a 
dean. 

Dear,  a.  Beloved  ;  costly  ; 
of  high  value  ;  precious.  — 
n.    A  person  beloved. 

Dear'ljr,«rff.  At  a  high  price. 

Dear'ness,  n.  High  price  ; 
fondness. 

Dearth,  n.     Great  scarcity. 

Death,  n.  Extinction  of  life. 
.  Death'-bed,  n.  Bed  of  a  dy- 
ing person. 

Death'less,  a.  Immortal. 

Death'-war'rant,  n.  A  war- 
rant for  an  execution. 

De-bar'  (7),  v.  t.  To  hinder  ; 
to  exclude.  [to  land. 

De-bark',  v.  t.  To  disembark  ; 

De-base',  v.  t.  To  degrade  ; 
to  lower;  to  adulterate  ;  to 
vitiate.  [tf.on. 

De-base'ment,  n.    Degrada- 

De-bat'a-ble,  a.  Disputable. 

De-bate',  v.  To  dispute  ;  to 
discuss  ;  to  controvert. —  n. 
Dispute ;  public  discussion. 

De-bauch',  n.  Excess  in  eat- 
ing and  drinking;  intem- 
perance.—  v.  t.  To  corrupt. 

Deb'au-ghee'  (-o-shee'),  n.  A 
drunkard ;  a  rake. 

De-bauch'er-y,  n.  Intemper- 
ance ;  lewdness. 

De-bent'ure,  n.  A  certificate 
of  a  drawback,  bonds,  &c, 
for  money  loans.  [en. 

De-bil'i-tate,  v.  t.    To  weak- 

De-bil'i-ty,  n.  Weakness. 

Deb'it,  n.  The  debtor  side  of 
an  account-book.  —  v.  t.  To 
charge  with  debt. 

Deb'o-nair',  a.  Courteous  ; 
affable. 

De-bough'  (-b(7osh/)  v.  ?'.  To 
issue  or  march  out,  as 
troops. 

De-bris' (da-breeO,  n.  Ruins ; 
fragments  of  rocks. 

Debt  (det),  n.    What  is  due. 

Debt'or  (det'or),  n.  One  who 
owes. 

Debut  (dil-bu'  or  da-bi}/),  n. 
A  first  appearance.         [ten. 

Dee'ade,  n.     The  number  of 

De-ea'denge,     I  n.    State  of 

De-ea'den-gy,   )      decay. 

De-e'a-g6n,  n.  A  figure  of  ten 
sides  and  ten  angles. 


80 

De«'a-16gue  (-log),  n.  The 
ten  commandments. 

De-eamp',  v.  i.  To  depart 
from  a  camp  ;  to  march  off. 

De~eant'L  v. 1.  To  pour  out. 

De'ean-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
decanting.  [for  liquor. 

De-eant'er,  n.  A  glass  vessel 

De-eap'i-tate,  v.  t.  To  be- 
head, [beheading. 

De-eap'i-ta'tion.n.    Act  of 

De-eay',  n.  Gradual  failure  ; 
decline.  —  v.  i.    To  decline. 

De-Qease',  n.  Departure  from 
life  ;  death.  —  v.  i.  To  de- 
part from  life  ;  to  die 

De-ceased'  {-seest'),  a.  De- 
parted from  life  ;  dead. 

De-geit',  n.  Device  intend- 
ed to  deceive. —Syn.  Du- 
plicity ;  artifice ;  fraud. 

De-geit'ful,  a.    Full  of  guile. 

De-geit'ful-ly,  adv.  In  a  de- 
ceitful manner. 

De-geive',  v.  t.  To  lead  into 
error>;  to  impose  upon. 

De-gem'ber,  n.  The  twelfth 
or  last  month  of  the  year. 

De'geh-gy,  n.  Fitness;  pro- 
priety ;  modesty. 

De-gen'ni-al,  a.  Continuing 
ten  years  ;  happening  every 
ten  years. 

De'gent,  a.  Suitable  or  be- 
coming ;  seemly  ;  fit.    [erly. 

De'gent-ly,  adv.  Fitly  ;  prop- 

De-gep'tion,  n.  Act  of  de- 
ceiving ;  cheat ;  fraud. 

•De-gep'tive,  a.  Tending  to 
deceive  ;  deceitful ;  false. 

De-gide',  v.  t.  or  ?'.  To  deter- 
mine ;  to  finish  ;  to  settle. 

De-gid'ed,  a.  Determined  ; 
clear.  [termination. 

De-gid'ed-ly,  adv.  With  de- 

De-gid'u-ous,  a.  Falling  off. 
every  season  ;  not  perennial. 

Deg'i-mal,  a.  Proceeding  by 
tens:  —  n.  A  fraction  or 
other  number  expressed  in 
the  sca]e  of  tens. 

Deg'i-mate,  v.  t.  To  take  one 
in  every  ten. 

Deg'i-ma'tion,  n.  The  taking 
of  every  tenth,  [to  unravel. 

De-gi'pher,  t\  t.  To  explain ; 

De-gis'ion  (-slzh'un),  n.  De- 
termination ;  firmness. 


DECOROUSLY 

De-gi'sive,  a.  Final ;  conclu- 
sive, [sively 

De-gi'sive-ly,  adv.    Conclu- 

Deck,  v.  t.  To  dress ;  to 
adorn  ;  to  set  off  or  embel- 
lish^—  n.    Floor  of  a  ship. 

De-elaim'  (8),  v.  i.  To  speak 
an  oration  ;  to  harangue. 

De-elaim'er,  n.  One  who  de- 
claims. 

Dee'la-ma'tion,  n  A  set 
speech  or  harangue. 

De-elam'a-to-ry,  a.  In  the 
style  of  declamation. 

Dee'la-ra'tion,  n  Affirma- 
tion ;  assertion. 

De-elar'a-tive,    [  a.  Making 

De-elar'a-to-ry,  j  declara- 
tion. 

De-elare',  v.  t.  or  i.  To  make 
known  publicly  ;  to  affirm. 

De-elen'sion,  n.  Tendency 
to  fai!  ;  variation  of  nouns. 

De-elTn'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  grammatically  varied. 

Dee'li-na/tion,  n.  Act  of 
declining  ;  descent 

De~cline',i'.  i.  To  bend  over; 
to  fail ;  to  decay  —  v.  t.  To 
bend  downward  ;  to  shun  ; 
to  refuse;  to  inflect. — n. 
Decay ;  diminution. 

De-eliv'i-ty,  n.  Inclination 
downward ;  gradual  descent. 

De-eoet',  v.  I.  To  boil;  to 
digest. 

De-eSe'tion,  n.  A  boiling  ; 
preparation  made  by  boil- 
ing. 

De-eol'or-a'tion,  n.  Removal 
or  absence  of  color. 

De'eom-pcse',  v  t  To  re- 
solve into  original  elements. 

De-eom'po-gi'tion  (-zlsh'- 
un),  n.  Resolution  or  sepa- 
ration into  parts. 

De'-eom-pound',  v.  t.  To 
compound  a  second  time. 

Dee'o-rate,  v.  t.  To  adorn  ; 
to  embellish  ;  to  ornament. 

Dee'o-ra'tion,  n.  Embellish- 
ment, [adorn. 

Dee'o-ra-tive,  a.    Fitted  to 

De-eo'rous,  or  Dee'o-rous, 
a.  Becoming  ;  behaving 
with  decorum. 

De-eo'rous-ly,  or  Dee'o- 
rous-ly,  adv.  Becomingly. 


u,  y, long ;  a,  6,  Y,  o,  u, }',  short ;  c-ire, car,  ask,  all,  what ;  Ore,  veil,  term  ;  p'.'que,  firm ; 


DECORTICATE 


81 


DEFY 


De-edr'ti-cate,  v.  t.  To  strip 
off  bark  ;  to  peel. 

De~e5'rum,  n.  Propriety  of 
speech  and  behavior. 

De-eoy',  V.  t.  To  allure  into 
a  snare  or  net.  —  7i.  Allure- 
ment to  mischief ;  tempta- 
tion ;  snare. 

De-erease',  v.  t.  To  make 
less.  — v.  i.  To  grow  less.  — 
n.    A  becoming  less  ;  decay. 

De-eree'  (8),  v.  t.  To  deter- 
mine ;  to  ordain. — n.  An 
edict ;  order. 

D5e're-ment,  n.  Decrease. 

De-erep'it,  a.  Infirm  ;  wast- 
ed ;  worn  with  age. 

De-erep'i-tate.  v.  To  roast  so 
as  to  cause  crackling. 

De-erep'i-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
roasting  with  a  crackling. 

De-€r6p'i-tude,  n.  Broken 
state  of  the  body  by  age. 

De-€re'tal,  a.  Pertaining  to 
a  decree.  — n.  A  letter  of  the 
pope  ;  a  book  of  edicts. 

De-«ri'al  (13),  n.  A  crying 
down  ;  a  clamorous  censure. 

De~erl'er,  n.  One  who  decries. 

De~ery',  V.  f.     To  cry  down. 

De-eum'bent,      a.        Lying 

De-e'u-ple,  a.  Tenfold,  [down. 

De-cu'ri-on,  n.  An  officer 
over  ten  men. 

De~eus'sate,  v.  t.  To  cross 
at  an  acute  angle. 

Ded'i-eate,  v.  t.  To  conse- 
crate ;  to  devote.  [tion. 

Bed/i-ca'tion,  n.     Consecra- 

Ded'i-ea/tor,  n.  One  who 
dedicates. 

Ded'i-€a-to-ry,  a.  Compris- 
ing a  dedication. 

De-duge',  v.  t.  To  draw,  as 
an  inference  ;  to  infer. 

De-du'Qi-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  inferred  or  deduced. 

De-du/glve,    )  a.  Performing 

De-dnet'ive,  J  the  act  of 
deduction. 

De-du-et'.  t.  t.  To  take  away. 

De-due'tion,  n.  An  abate- 
ment; that  which  is  de- 
ducted ;  an  inference. 

Deed,  n.  An  action ;  ex- 
ploit ;  a  sealed  writing  to 
convey  property.  —  v.t.  To 
transfer  by  deed. 


To  a  low  de 


Deer, 
rasure. 
i.  That  which 


Deem,  v.  t.  To  think ;  to 
judge ;  to  suppose. 

Deep,  a.  Far  to  the  bottom  ; 
profound  ;  artful ;  intricate. 
—  n.     The  sea  ;  an  abyss. 

Deep'en,  v.  To  make  or 
grow  more  deep.  [gree. 

Deep'ly,  adv.    To  a  low  de 

Deer,  n.  An 
animal  hunt- 
ed for  veni- 
son. 

De-fage',  v.  t 
To  disfigure  ; 
to  destroy. 

De-fage'ment, 
(10),  n.  Injury 
to  the  surface ; 

De'fal-ea'tion,? 
is  cut  off;  diminution. 

Def 'a-ma/tion ,  n.  Slander; 
calumny  ;  detraction,    [ous. 

De-fam'a-to-ry,  a.    Slander- 

De-fame',  v.  t.    To  slander. 

De-fault',  n.  Omission  ;  non- 
appearance in  court.  —  v.  t. 
To  call  in  court,  and  record 
for  not  appearing. 

De-fault'er,  n.  One  guilty  of 
default ;  a  peculator. 

De-fea'sange,  n.  Act  of  an- 
nulling. 

De-fea'§i-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  annulled. 

De-feat',  n.  An  overthrow; 
rout.  —  v.  t.  To  overthrow; 
to  rout ;  to  frustrate. 

Def'e -eate,  v.  t.    To  purify. 

Def'e-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of  pu- 
rifying liquors. 

De-fe€t',  n.  Want  or  de- 
ficiency ;  fault;  blemish. 

De-fe«'tion,  n.  A  falling 
away ;  apostasy. 

De-fe«t'ive,  a.  Full  of  de- 
fects; imperfect.        [defect. 

De-fe€t'ive-ly,   adv.      With 

De-fenge',  n.  Protection  from 
injury.     See  Defense. 

De-fend',  i>.  To  guard  from 
injury ;  to  protect. 

De-fend'ant,  n.  One  who 
j  makes  defense,  or  opposes  a 
I      complaint.  [fends. 

'  De-fend'er.  n.     One  who  de- 

De-fense'  (27),  n.    Protection 
I      from  injury  ;  vindication. 
I  De-fense'less,  a.  Unarmed. 


De-fen'slve,  a.  Serving  to 
defend.  —  n.  Safeguard  ; 
state  of  defense. 

De-fer',  v.  t.  To  put  off;  to 
delay.  — v.  i.  To  wait ;  to 
yield  out  of  respect. 

Def'er-enge,  n.  Respect  to 
another.  [deference. 

Det7er-en'tial,  a.  Expressing 

De-fl'ange,  n.  Act  of  defy- 
ing; a  challenge  to  fight. 

De-fi'ant,  a.    Bold  ;  insolent. 

De-fi'cien-gy  (-flsh'en-),  n. 
Defect ;  want ;  imperfection. 

De-fi'cient  (-fish/ent),  a. 
Wanting ;  imperfect. 

Def'i-git,  v.     Deficiency. 

De-file',  or  De'file,  ri.  A  nar- 
row passage  between  hills. 

De-file',  v.  t.  To  pollute.  — 
v.  V.  To  go  off  file  by  file. 

De-file'ment,  n.    Pollution. 

De-fm'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  defined. 

De-fine',  r.  t.  To  limit ;  to 
explain  ;  to  interpret. 

Def'i-nite,  a.  Having  precise 
limits. 

Def'i-nite-ly,  adv.  With  cer- 
tain limitation. 

Def'i-ni'tion  (-nish'un),  n. 
Explanation  in  words. 

De-fin'i-tive,  a.  Determi- 
nate ;  final;  conclusive. — 
A.  That  which  ascertains  or 
defines.  [tively. 

De-fin'i-tive-ly,  adv.     Posi- 

Def'la-grate,  v.  t.  To  burn 
suddenly. 

Def'la-gra'tion,  v.  A  rapid 
and  sparkling  combustion. 

De-flS-et',  v.  i,  or  t.  To  turn 
aside.  [deviation. 

De-fle€'tion,  w.     A  turning; 

De-flour',  v.  t.  To  raAish  ;  to 
seduce.  [leaf. 

De-fo'li-a'tion.  n .  Fall  of  the 

De-form',  v.t.  To  mar  ;  to 
disfigure. 

De-formed',  a.    Ugly. 

De-form'i-ty,  n.  Want  of 
beauty  or  S3  mmetry. 

De-fraud',  v.  t.     To  cheat. 

De-fray',  v.t.  To  bear  or  pay. 

De-funet'.  a.  Deceased  ;  dead. 
—  n.  A  dead  person. 

Defy',  v.  t.  To  dare ;  to  chal- 
lenge ;  to  set  at  naught. 


B6n,  or,  do,  wolf,  to~o,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rye,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  lia^d ;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


DEGENERACY 


82 


DEMURRAGE 


De-gen'er-a-gy,  n.  Decline 
in  good  qualities  ;  meanness. 

De-gen'er-ate,  a.  Having 
declined  in  worth  ;  base. 

De-gen'er-ate,  v.  i.  To  de- 
cline ;  to  deteriorate. 

De-gen'er-a'tion.n.  A  grow- 
ing worse;  deterioration. 

Deg'lu-tl'tion  (-tish'un),  n 
Act  or  power  of  swallowing. 

Deg'ra-da'tiorijn.  A  depriv- 
ing of  rank;  degeneracy. 

De-grade',  v.  t.  To  deprive 
of  rank  or  title ;  to  lower. 

De-gree'(18),  n.  A  step  ex- 
tent ;  380th  part  of  a  circle. 

De'i-fi-el'tion,  n.  The  act 
of  enrolling  among  deities. 

De'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  exalt  to  the 
rank  of  deity. 

Deign  (d  in),  v.  i.  To  con- 
descend. —  v.  t.  To  grant. 

De'ism,  n.  A  denial  of  reve- 
latfon. 

De'ist,  n.  One  who  believes 
in  a  God,  but  not  in  revealed 
religion. 

De-ist'i-e,       )  a.    Pertaining 

De-ist'i€-al,  I      to  deism. 

De'i-ty,  n.    Divinity  ;  God. 

De-je-et',  v.  t.  To  cast  down ; 
to  dispirit ;  to  discourage. 

De-ieet'ed  a.    Cast  down. 

De-jee'tion,  n.     Melancholy. 

De-lay',  v.  t.  To  put  off;  to 
detain.  —  v.  i.  To  move 
slowly  ;  to  linger.  —  n.  Hin- 
drance ;  detention  ;  a  stav. 

De  leet^a-ble,  a.   Delightful. 

Ddl'e-gate,  v.  i.  To  send  as 
representative ;  to  intrust. 

Del'e-gate,  n.  A  deputy  ;  a 
representative. 

Del'e-ga'tion,  n.  A  sending 
away  ;  persons  delegated. 

Del'e-te'ri-ous,  a.  Destruc- 
tive ;  highly  injurious. 

DSlf,  n.  Earthen  ware  glazed. 

De-lib'er-ate,  v.  To  weigh  in 
the  mind ;  to  reflect  or  con- 
sider 

De-lib'er-ate,  a.  Circum- 
spect ;  slow.  [ly. 

De-llb'er-ate-ly,  adv.    Slow- 

De-inyer-a'tioh,  n.  Act  of 
weighing  in  the  mind ;  slow- 
ness, [deliberate. 

De-llb'er-a-tive,  a.     Apt  to 


Del'i-ea-gy,  n.  Refinement 
of  sensibility  or  taste ;  some- 
thing delicate.  —  SYr*.  Fine- 
ness ;  nicety  ;  softness. 

Del'i-eate,  a.  Nice  ;  pleasing 
to  the  taste  ;  effeminate. 

De-H'cious  (-ITsh'us),  a. 
Sweet  to  the  palate  or  other 
sense. 

De-light'  (-lit'-),  n.  Great  joy 
or  pleasure.  —  v.t.  To  give 
great  pleasure  to.  —  v.  i.  To 
have  or  take  great  pleasure. 

De-llght'ed  (-lit'-),  a.  Great- 
ly pleased.  [pleasant. 

De-light'_ful  (-lit'-),  a.     Very 

De-lin'e-ate,  v.  t.  To  draw 
the  outline  of;   to  sketch. 

De-lin'e-a'tion,  n.  A  drawing 
in  outline.  [delineates. 

De-lm'e-a/tor,  n.     One  who 

De-lin'quen-QyT  (-lnjk'wen-), 
n.     Failure  of  duty  ;  fault. 

De-lin'quent,  a.  Failing  in 
duty. — n.  One  who  fails 
to  do  his  duty.  [air. 

Del'i-quesge',  v  i.  To  melt  in 

DSl'i-ques'genge,  n.  A  melt- 
ing in  the  air. 

Del'i-ques'gent,  a.  Liquefy- 
ing in  the  air. 

De-lir'i-ous,  a.  Wandering 
in  mind.  [ment. 

De-lir'i-um,     n.    ,    Derange- 

De-liv'er,  v.  t.  To  free;  to 
release;  to  utter. 

De-Kv'er-ange,  n.  Act  of 
freeing ;  rescue.      [delivers. 

De-Hv'er-er,  n.      One  who 

De-liv'er-y,  n.  Release ;  sur- 
render ;  stvle  of  utterance. 

Dell.rc.     A  little  valley. 

De-lude',  v.  t.     To  deceive. 

Del'uge,  n.  A  general  inun- 
dation ;  a  flood.  —  v.  t.  To 
overflow  ;  to  drown,      [ing. 

De-lu'gion,  n.    Actofdelud- 

De-lu'sive,  a.  Tending  to 
delude  ;  deceptive. 

Delve,  v.  t.  To  dig :  to  pene- 
trate, [politician. 

DSm'a-g6gue,  n.    An  artful 

De-main'.  I  n.       A 

De-mesne'  (-men'),  )  manor- 
house  and  land. 

De-mand',  v.  t.  To  claim  ; 
to  ask.  —  n.  A  claim  by 
right;  a  question. 


De-mand'ant,  n.  The  plain- 
tiff. 

De'mar-ea'tion,  (  n.     Divis- 

De'mar-ka'tion,  )  ion  of 
territory  ;  boundary. 

De-mean',  v.  t.     To  behave. 

De-mean'or,  n.  Manner  of 
behaving ;  deportment. 

De-ment'ed,  a.  Imbecile  in 
mind  ;  infatuated  ;  mad. 

De-mer'it,  n.    Ill  desert. 

Dem'i-god,  n.  A  deified  hero. 

Dem'i-john.  n.  A  glass  bot- 
tle in  a  wicker  cover. 

De-ml§e',  n.  Death  of  a 
distinguished  personage.  — 
v.  t.   To  bequeath  by  will. 

De-moe'ra-gy,  «.  Govern- 
ment by  the  people. 

Dem'o-crat,  n.  An  adherent 
to  democracy. 

D6m'o-erat'i-e,  a.  Relating 
to  democracy ;  republican. 

De-mol'ish.  v.  t.   To  destroy. 

Dem'o-li'tion  (-lish'un),  n. 
Destruction. 

De'mon,  n.    An  evil  spirit. 

De-m6'ni-a«,       )  a.  Belong- 

Dem'o-m'a€-al,  (  ing  to,  or 
influenced  by,  demons. 

De-mo'ni-ae,"  n.  One  pos- 
sessed by  an  evil  spirit. 

De'mon-61'o-gy,  n.  A  trea- 
tise on  evil  spirits. 

De-mon'stra-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  fully  proved. 

DenVon-strate,  or  De-mon'- 
strate,  v.t.  To  prove  fully. 
—  Syn.  To  evince  ;  mani- 
fest. 

DfinVon-stra'tion,  n.  Proof 
to  a  certainty. 

De-mon'stra-tive,  a.  Con- 
clusive. 

DSm'on-stra/tor,  n.  One  who 
demonstrates. 

De-mor'al-i-za'tion,  n.  De 
struction  of  morals. 

De-m6r'al-Ize,  v.  t.  To  de- 
stroy the  morals  or  the  dis- 
cipline of. 

De-mul'gent,  a.   Softening. 

De-mf:r',  r.  i.  To  hesitate  ;  fo 
have  scruples.  —  n.  Hesita- 
tion, [est. 

De-mure',  a.  Affectedly  mod- 

De-mur'rage,  v.  Payment 
for  the  detention  of  a  ship. 


ii,  y,  long;  tt,5, 1,o,u,y,  short ;  cure,  car,  ask,  nil,  what;  Ore,  veil,  term  ;  p'que,  firm; 


DEMURRER 

De-mur'rer,  n.  One  who  de- 
murs ;  a  pause  in  law. 

De-my',  n.  A  kind  of  small 
paper.  [a  beast. 

Den  (18),  n.  A  cave  ;  lodge  of 

Den-dr61'o-gy,  n.  Natural 
liistory  of  trees,        [diction. 

De-ni'al,  n.  llefusal ;  contra- 

De-ni'er,  n.  A  refuser. 

Den'i-zen,  n.  One  made  a 
citizen. 

De-nom'i-nate,  v.  t.  To  give 
a  name  to  ;  to  call ;  to  style. 

De-nom'i-na'tion,  n.  A 
name  ;  title  ;  appellation. 

De-n6m'i-na-tive,  a.  Con- 
ferring a  name  or  title. 

De-ndm'i-na/tor,  n.  Lower 
number  in  vulgar  fractions. 

De-note',  v.  t.  To  indicate  ; 
to  signify  ;  to  mark. 

De-nounce',  v.  t.  To  accuse 
publicly  ;  to  threaten. 

De-nounge'ment,  n.  Act  of 
proclaiming  a  threat. 

Dense,  a.  Having  its  parts 
closely  pressed  together.  — 
Syn.  Close  ;'compact ;  thick. 

Den'si-ty,n.  Compactness; 
closeness  of  parts. 

Dent,  n.  A  small  hollow  ;  in- 
dentation.—  v.  t.  To  make  a 
dent  in.  [teeth. 

Dent'al,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 

Den-tie'u-la/ted,  a.  Notch- 
ed so  as  to  resemble  little 
teeth. 

Den'ti-friqe,  n.  Something  to 
cleanse  teeth. 

Den'til,  n.  A  square  block  in 
cornices.  [the  teeth. 

Den'tist,  n.    An  operator  on 

Den'tist-ry,  «.  The  business 
of  a  dentist. 

Den-tl'tion  (-tish'un),^.  The 
process  of  cutting  the  teeth. 

Den'u-da'tion,  n.  A  making 
bare. 

De-nude',  v.  t.   To  lay  bare. 

De-nun'ci-a'tion  (-shT-a'-),  n. 
Declaration  of  a  threat. 

De-nun'ci-a'tor  (-ntin'shT-), 
n.    One  who  threatens. 

De-nun'gi-a-to-ry  (-nun'- 
shi-).  a.  Containing  a  threat 

De-ny',  v.  t.  To  contradict  ; 
to  refuse  ;  to  withhold. 

De'o-dand,    n.       Something 


forfeited  to  the  state  for 
pious  uses.      [ence  of  duty. 

De'on-tol'o-gy,  n.    The  sci- 

De-part',  v.  i.  To  go  away  ; 
to  forsake  ;  to  die. 

De-par t'ment,  n.  A  distinct 
part,  office,  or  division. 

De-part 'ure,  n.  A  going 
away  ;  decease  ;  death. 

De-pend',  v.  ?'•  To  hang  ;  to 
rely  ;  to  adhere. 

De-pend'ence,     I  n.     Reli- 

De-pend'en-gy,  f  ance  ; 
trust ;  subordination. 

De-pend'ent,  a.  Relying ; 
subordinate.  —  n.  One  sub- 
ordinate to  another. 

De-piet',  v.  t.  To  paint ;  to 
portray^ 

De-pi-et'ure,  v.  t.  To  paint. 

De-piil'a-to-ry,  a.  Taking  off 
the  hair. 

De-ple'tion,  n.  Blood-letting. 

De-plor'a-ble,a.  Lamentable. 

De-plore',  v.  t.  To  lament. 

De-ploy',  v.  t.  To  display  ; 
to  open  or  extend. 

Dep'lu-ma'tion,  n.  A  strip- 
ping off  plumes,     [feathers. 

De-plume',  v.  I.  To  deprive  of 

De-po'nent,  n.  One  who 
gives  written  testimony  on 
oath. 

De-pop'u-late,  v.  t.  To  de- 
prive of  inhabitants. 

De-pop'u-la/tion,  n.  Act  of 
depopulating. 

De-port',  v.  t.  To  behave  ;  to 
carry  ;  to  conduct. 

De'por-ta'tion,  n.  A  carrying 
away  ;  exile.  [behaving, 

De-port'ment,  n.   Manner  of 

De-p5s'al,  n.  Act  of  deposing. 

De-pose',  v.  t.  To  dethrone. 
—  v.  i.  To  testify  under  oath. 

De-p6s'it,  v.  t.  To  lodge  or 
place;  to  lay  aside. —  n. 
That  which  is  laid  up  or 
aside  :  any  thing  intrusted. 

De-pos'i-ta-ry,  n.  One  with 
whom  something  is  left  in 
trust. 

Dep'o-si'tion  (-ztsh'un),  a. 
Act  of  dethroning  or  degrad- 
ing :  an  affidavit,  [deposits. 

De-p6s'i-tor,    n.      One  who 

De-pds'i-to-ry,  «..  A  place  for 
depositing. 


DERIVABLE 

De-pot'  (de-po'  or  de'po),  n. 
Place  of  deposit ;  railway 
station. 

Dep'ra-va'tion,  n.  Act  of 
making  worse.       [to  vitiate. 

De-prave',  v.  t.   To  corrupt  ; 

De-prav'i-ty,  n.  Corruption 
of  morals. 

Dep're-eate,  v.  t.  To  pray 
for  deliverance  from. 

Dep're-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
deprecating,     [to  deprecate. 

Dep're-€a-_to-ry,  a.    Serving 

De-pre'ci-ate  ( -prS'shi- ),  v.  i. 
To  decline  in  value.  — v.  t. 

*  To  lower  the  price  of;  to 
undervalue. 

De-pre'ci-a'tion  (-pr5/shT-), 
n.  Act  of  depreciating. 

Dep're-date,  v.  t.  To  rob ;  to 
plunder.  [bing. 

Dep're-da'tion,  n.     A  rob- 

De-press',  «?.  t.  To  sink ;  to 
humble  ;  to  cast  down. 

De-pres'sion  (presh'.un),  n. 
Dejection  ;  lo.v  state. 

De-pres'sive,  a.  Tending  to 
depress. 

Dep'ri-va'tion,  n.  Act  of 
depriving  ;  loss  ;  bereave- 
ment, [to  bereave. 

De-prlve',f.  t.  To  take  from  ; 

Depth,  n.  Deepness  ;  profun- 
dity ;  a  deep  place. 

Dep'u-ta'tion.  n.  Act  of  de- 
puting ;  persons  deputed. 

De-pute',  v.  t.  To  appoint  as 
substitute. 

Dep'u-ty,  n.  One  appointed 
to  act  for  another 

De-range',  v.  i.  To  put  out 
of  order  ;  to  confuse,    [sane. 

De-ranged',  a.  Delirious  ;  in- 

De-range'ment(10),n.  State 
of  disorder;  insanity. 

Der'e-liet,  n.  A  thing  aban- 
doned.—  a.  Abandoned. 

DeVe-li-e'tion,  n.  A  forsak- 
ing: abandonment. 

De-ride',  v.  t.  To  laugh  at 
in  scorn. —Syn.  To  ridi- 
cule ;  mock  ;  taunt. 

De-ris'ion  (-rlzh'un).  n.  A 
laughing  at  in  contempt. 

De-ri'sive,    (  a.       Mocking  ; 

De-rl'so-ry,  I      ridiculing. 

De-riv'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  derived. 


s6n,  or,  dQ,  WQlf,  too,  to"bk j  Qrn,  rue,  pi.Ul ;  c,  g,  soft;  e,  g,  hard;  as ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


DERIVATION 


84 


DETESTATION 


Detract; 


Der'i-va'tion,  n.  Deduction 
from  a  source. 

De-riv'a-tive,  «•  Derived.  — 
n.  A  word  or  thing  derived. 

De-rive',  v.t.  To  deduce  ;  to 
draw.  [to  detract. 

Der'o-gate,  v.  To  take  away  ; 

Der'o-ga'tion,  n.    A  detract- 
ing 

De-rog'a-to-ry,  a. 

Der'rick,  n.  A  ma- 
chine for  raising 
heavy  weights. 

Der'vis(18),  n.  A 
Turkish  nionk. 

Des-€ant',  *.  t.  To 
sing  ;  to  comment  T^ 
at  large.  Derrick. 

Des'-eant,  n.  A  song  in  parts. 

De-SQend',  v.  To  go  or  come 
down.  [an  ancestor. 

De-SQ§nd'ant,n.  Offspring  of 

De-sgent',  n.  Progress  down- 
ward. 

De-s-eribe',  v.  t.  To  represent 
by  words  or  other  signs. 

De-s-eri'er,  n.  One  who  de- 
scries, [scribing. 

De-S€rip'tion,  n.    Act  of  de- 

De-S€rip'tive,  a.  Containing 
description. 

De-s-ery',  v.  t.  To  discover. 

Des'e-erate,  v.t.  To  pervert 
from  a  sacred  purpose. 

Des'e-era'tion,  n.  A  divert- 
ing from  a  sacred  purpose. 

De-§ert',  n.  Merit ;  reward. 
—  v.t.  To  abandon. — v.i 
To  run  away. 

Des/ert,  a.  Solitary.  —  n.  A 
wilderness;  solitude. 

De-sert'er,  n.  One  who  for- 
sakes his  colors,  &c. 

De-§er'tion,  n.  Act  of  desert- 
ing. 

De-serve',  v.  t.  To  merit. 

De-§erved',  a.  Merited. 

De-serv'ing,  a.   Meritorious. 

Dfis'ha-bille',  n.  An  undress. 

Des'i-e-eate.  or  De-si-e'«ate, 
■r.  t.  or  i.  To  dry  up. 

Des'i-e-ea/tion,  n.  Process  of 
making  dry. 

De-sid'er-ate,  r.  /.  To  feel 
the  want  of;   to  desire. 

De-suPe-ra/tum,  n.  (pi.  De- 
sid'e-ra'ta,  25.)  A  thing 
desired. 


De-Sign'  (-sin'  or  -zm'),  v.  t. 
To  intend  ;  to  plan  ;  to 
sketch.  —  n.  A  purpose  ; 
intention  ;  plan;  sketch. 

Des'ig-nate,  v .  t.  To  point 
out. 

Des'ig-na/tion,  n.  Act  of 
pointing  or  marking  out. 

De-slgn'er  (-sin'-  or  -an'-),  n. 
One  who  designs.  [sire. 

De-slr'a-ble,«.  Worthy  of  de- 

De-§ire',n.  A  wish  to  obtain. 
—  v.  t.  To  wish  for  ;  to  ask. 

De-§Ir'ous  (11),  a.  Full  of 
desire ;  eager. 

De-sist',  vi.  To  cease;  to 
stop  ;  to  forbear. 

Desk  (18),  n.  An  inclined 
table ;  a  pulpit. 

Des'o-late,i'.  t.  To  lay  waste. 

Des'o-late,  a.    Laid  waste. 

DeVo-la'tion,  n.  Act  of  lay- 
ing waste ;  ruin. 

De.-spair',  n.  Utter  loss  of 
hope.  —  v.  i.  To  abandon 
hope. 

De-spatch/,  v.    See  Dispatch. 

Des'per-a'do  (pi.  DeVper-a,'- 
does),  n.  A  desperate  man  ; 
a  madman.  [hope. 

Des'per-ate,    a.        Without 

Des'per-a'tion,  n.  Hopeless- 
ness, [ble. 

Des'pi-ea-ble,a.  Contempti- 

De-spise',  v.  t.  To  contemn  ; 
to  sco~rn  ;  to  disdain,    [uity. 

De-spite',  n.    Malice  ;  malig- 

De-spoiP,  r.  t.  To  spoil ;  to 
rob  ;  to  strip 

De-spo'li-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
despoiling. 

De-spoil'er,  n.  A  plunderer. 

De-sp6nd',  v.  i  To  lose  hope. 

De-spond'en-cjy,  n.  Loss  of 
hope ;  discouragement. 

De-spond'ent,  a.  Despairing. 

Des'pot,  n.  An  absolute 
prince 

Des-pot'i-e,  a.  Absolute  in 
power  ;  tyrannical  ;  arbi- 
trary, [power. 

Des'pot-ism,    n.      Absolute 

Des'pu-ma'tion,  n.  Foam ; 
scum  ;  frothincss. 

Des'qua-ma'tion,  n.  A  scal- 
ing or  exfoliation  of  bone. 

De§-§ert',  n.  Service  of  fruit, 
&c,  at  the  close  of  a  meal. 


Des'ti-na'tion,  n.  Place  to  be 
reached  ;  end.  [appoint. 

Des'tine,  v.  t.     To  doom  ;   to 

D6s'ti-ny,  n.  State  or  condi- 
tion predetermined  ;  fate. 

Des'ti-tute,  a.  In  utter  want ; 
poor. 

Des'ti-tu'tiorij  n.  Utter  want. 

De-stroy'  (8),  v.  t.  To  de- 
molish ;  to  ruin ;  to  lay 
waste. 

De-stru-e'ti-ble,  a.  Liable  to 
destruction.  [olition. 

De-stru-e'tion,  n.  Ruin  ;  dem- 

De-stru-e'tive,  a.    Ruinous. 

Des'ue-tude  (-we-),  n.  Disuse. 

Des'ul-to-ry,  a.  Without 
method  ;  unconnected. 

De-tach',  v.  t.  To  separate  ; 
to  disunite  ;  to  send  off. 

De-tach'ment,  n.  A  party 
sent  from  the  main  army, 
fcc. 

De'tail,  or  De-tail',  n.  A 
minute  account  or  portion. 

De-taiP,  v .  t.  To  narrate  ;  to 
particularize  ;  to  select. 

De-tain',  v.  I.  To  withhold  ; 
to  restrain  from  departure. 

Ee-te-et',  v.  t.  To  bring  to 
light  ;  to  discover. 

De-te-e'tion,  n.     Discovery. 

De-te-e'tive,  in.    A  policeman 

emplojed  to  detect. 
-De-ten'tion,   n.     Act  of  de- 
taining, [hinder. 

De-ter',  v.  t.    To  prevent ;  to 

De-ter'gent,  a.     Cleansing. 

De-te'ri-o-rate,  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
make  or  become  worse. 

De-te'ri-o-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
becoming  worse. 

De-ter'min-a-ble,  a.  Capable 
cf  being  determined. 

De-ter'min-ate.  a.  Fixed ; 
definite  ;  conclusive. 

De-ter'mi-na'tion,  n.  Ter- 
mination ;  resolution  taken. 

De-ter'mine,  v.  t.  To  end ;  to 
decide ;  to  resolve. 

De-ter'mined,  a:    Resolute. 

Deter'slve,  a.  Able  to 
cleanse. 

De-test',  v.  t.  To  hate  ex- 
tremely. —  Syn.  To  abhor ; 
loathe;  abominate.         [ftd. 

De-test'a-ble,  a.     Very  hate- 

Det'es-ta'tion,    or    De'tes- 


2,5,1,5,  u,  y./ong-;  2, 


5,  u,  y,  short ;  care, car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  p'.'que,  firm 


DETHRONE 


85 


DICTATORIAL 


ta'tion,  n.  Extreme  hatred ; 
abhorrence. 

De-throne',  v.  t.  To  divest 
of  royalty  ;  to  depose. 

De-throne'ment,  n.  Act  of 
dethroning. 

Det'i-rme,  n.  A  writ  to  re- 
cover goods  detained. 

Det'o-nate,  I  v.  t.  or  i.    To 

Det'o-mze,  J      explode. 

Det'o-na'tion,  n.   Explosion. 

De-tort',  v.  t.  To  twist ;  to 
wrest ;  to  turn. 

De-t6r'tion,  n.  A  perversion 
or  wresting. 

De-traet',  v.  i.  To  depreciate 
worth.  — v.  t.     To  slander. 

De-trae'tion,  n.  Defamation. 

De-traet'or,  n.  One  who  de- 
tracts or  slanders. 

Det'ri-ment,  n.  Loss  :  dam- 
age ;  injury.  [loss. 

Det'ri-mSnt'al,  a.    Causing 

De-trl'tion  (-trlsh'un),  n.  A 
wearing  off  or  away. 

De-trun'-eate,  v.  t.  To  lop  off. 

De-tru'sion,  n.  Act  of  thrust- 
ing down.  [the  devil. 

Deuge,  n.    Card  of  two  spots ; 

Dev'as-tate,  or  De-vas'tate, 
v.  t.  To  lay  waste  ;  to  ravage. 

Dav'as-ta/tion,  n.  A  lading 
waste ;  havoc. 

De-vel'op,  v.  t.  To  unfold  ; 
to  lay  open  to  view. 

De-vel'op-ment,  n.  An  un- 
folding ;  disclosure. 

De'vi-ate,  v.  i.  To  wander  ; 
to  go  astray. 

De'vi-a'tion,  n.  A  departure 
from  rule  :  an  error. 

Da-vige'  (18),  n.  Scheme; 
contrivance.  [one. 

D*v'il  (dev'l),   n.     The    evil 

Dev'il-ish,  a.     Diabolical. 

D5v'il-try,  n.  Diabolical  or 
mischievous  conduct. 

De'vi-ous,a.  Going  or  lead- 
ing astray  ;  erring. 

De-vls'a-ble,  a.  Capable  nf 
being  devised. 

De-vise',  v.  t.  To  contrive  ; 
to  bequeath.  —  v,  i.  To  lay 
a  plan.  —  n.     A  will. 

Dev'ig-ee',  n.  One  to  whom  a 
thing  is  bequeathed. 

De-vi§'or,  n.  One  who  be- 
queaths or  wills. 


De-void',  a.  Not  possessing ; 
void  ;  empty  ;  destitute. 

Devoir  (dev-wor7),  n.  Duty  ; 
act  of  civility. 

De-vdlve',  v.  To  roll  down  ; 
to  transfer  or  be  transferred. 

De-vote',  v.  t.  To  dedicate; 
to  appropriate  by  vow. 

De-vot'ed,  a.  Zealous ;  at- 
tached. 

De-vot'ed-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  devoted.  [a  bigot. 

Dev'o-tee',  n.    One  devoted: 

De-vo'tion,  n.  Consecration; 
affection ;  piety. 

De-vo'tion-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  devotion. 

De-vour',  v.  t.  To  eat  up 
ravenously. 

De-vout',  a.  Pious;  relig- 
ious. 

De-vout'ly,  adv.    Piously. 

Dew  (du),  n.  Moisture  de- 
posited at  night. 

Dew'lap,  ft.  The  flesh  hang- 
ing from  an  ox's  throat. 

Dew'y,  a.     Moist  with  dew. 

Dex'ter,   1  a.     Right,  as  op- 

Dex'tral,l      posed  to  left. 

Dex-ter'i-ty,  «.  Activity  and 
expertness. — Syn.  Adroit- 
ness ;  skill ;    cleverness. 

Dex'ter-ous,  a.  Expert  in 
manual  acts ;  skillful. 

Dex'ter-ous-ly,  adv.  With 
skill. 

Di'a-be'tes,  n.  A  disease  at- 
tended by  excessive  dis- 
charge of  urine. 

Di'a-bol'i-e-al,  a.     Devilish. 

Dl'a-erit'ie-al,  a.  Serving  to 
discriminate. 

DI'a-dem,n.  A  kinglv  crown. 

Dl-ser'e-sis,  \  n.  (pi.  Dl-aer'e- 

Di-eVe-sis,  )  ses  or  Di-er'- 
e-ses. )  A  mark  [  '*  ]  over  the 
second  of  two  vowels,  to 
show  that  they  are  to  be  pro- 
nounced separately. 

Dl-ag'o-nal,  a.  Pass- 
ing from  one  angle  to 
another  not  adjacent. 
—  n.  A  diagonal  line. 

Di-ag'o-nal-ly,  adv. 
In  a  diagonal  direc- 
tion. 

Di'a-gram,  n.  A  mathemat- 
ical drawing. 


Diag- 
onal. 


Dia- 
mond. 


Di'al,  n.  A  plate  to  show  the 
hour  by  the  sun.      [speech. 

Dl'a-le-et,  n.   A  local  form  of 

Di'a-lee'tie-al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  a  dialect ;  logical. 

DPa-lee-ti'cian  (-tish'an),  n. 
A  logician. 

DPa-lee'ties,  n .  sing.    Logic. 

Dl'al-ing,  n.  Science  of  mak- 
ing dials.  [dialogue. 

Di-al'o-gist,  n.  A  speaker  in  a 

Di'a-16gue,  n.  Discourse  be- 
tween two  or  more. 

Dl-am'e-ter,  n.  A 
right  line  passing 
through  the  cen- 
ter of  a  circle. 

Di'a-met'rie-al,  a.  _. 
Relating  to,  or  de-Dlamcter- 
scribing,  a  diameter ;  direct. 

Dl'a-mond   (or  dV-        * 
mund),     n.      The      /\ 
most    precious    of  /       \ 
gems;  a  geometrical  \         / 
figure,  thus: —  \   / 

DPa-pa'gon,  ??.  An 
octave  in  music ; 
harmony  ;  an  organ 
stop. 

Dl'a-per,  n.    Figured  linen. 

Dl-aph'a-nous,  a.  Transpar- 
ent, [ing  perspiration. 

Dl'a-pho-ret'i-e,  a.    Increas- 

Dl'a-phragm  (-fram),  n. 
Muscle^eparating  the  chest 
from  the  bowels. 

Di'ar-rhe'a,  )  ».        Unusual 

DPar-rhoe'a,  )  evacuation  of 
the  intestines. 

Di'a-ry  (19),  n.  Account  of 
daily  transactions. 

DFa-tfin'ie,  a.  Ascending  or 
descending,  as  in  sound. 

Dl'a-trlbe,  n.  A  continued 
discourse ;  an  invective. 

Dib'ble,  n.    A  tool  for  plant- 

Dige,  n.,  pi.  of  Die.         [ing. 

Dick'y,  n.  A  false  shirt-col- 
lar or  shirt- bosom. 

Die'tite,  v.  t.  To  tell  for  an- 
other to  write  ;  to  suggest. 
—  n.  Order  ;  suggestion  ; 
hint.  [tating  ;  an  order. 

Di-e-ta/tion,   n.    Act  of  dic- 

Die-ta/tor,  n.  One  invested 
with  absolute  power. 

Dl-e'ta-to'ri-al,  a.  Unlimited 
in  power. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  tJb,  took  ;  firn,  rije,  pull ;  q.,  §,  soft ;  -c,  g,  hard ;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


DICTATORSHIP 

Di-c-ta'tor-ship,  n.  Office  of 
a  dictator.  [pression. 

Di€'tion,  n.     Manner  of  ex- 

Dfe'tion-a-ry,  n.  A  book  in 
which  words  arc  explained. 

Dls'turn,  n.  (pi.  Di-e'ta,  25.) 
An    authoritative   word    or 

Did,  imp.  of  Do.     [assertion. 

Di-dae'tie,  a.  Fitted  or  in- 
tended to  instruct. 

Die,  v.  i.  To  lose  life  ;  to  ex- 
pire.—  n.  [pi.  Dige).  A 
small  cube.  —  n.  (pi.  Dies). 
A  stamp. 

Dl-er'e-sis,  n.  Fee  Diuresis. 

Di'et,  n.  Food  ;  an  assembly 
of  princes  or  estates. — v. 
To  feed  or  cut  sparingly. 

Dl'e-ta-ry,  I  a.       Pertaining 

Df  e-tet'ie,  j     to  diet. 

Dfe-tet'ies,  n.  sing.  The 
science  that  relates  to  food. 

Differ,  v.  i.  To  he  unlike ; 
to  disagree.  [ment. 

Differ  enc,e,    n.      Eisagrce- 

Dlf  fer-ent,  a.    Unlike. 

Differ-en'tial,  a.  Creating  a 
difference  :  meant  to  produce 
or  show  difference.      [done. 

Dif'fi-eult,    a.    Hard  to  be 

Dif'fi-cul-ty,  n.  Hardness 
to  be  done  ;  impediment ;  dis- 
tress, [fidence  ;  doubt. 

Dif  fi-denQe,  n.  Wantofcon- 

Dif  fi-dent,  a.  Distrustful ; 
bashful. 

Diffuse',  v.  t.  To  pour  out ; 
to  spread.  [spread. 

Diffuse',  a.   Copious  ;  widely 

Dif- fuse 'ly,  adv.  Widely  ; 
copiously.  [dispersion. 

Dif  fu'sion,  n.    A  spreading : 

Diffu'sive  a.  Spreading 
widely  ;  scattered. 

Dig  (7),  v.  t.  or  i.     [imp.  & 

p.   p.     DIGGED,    DUG.]      To 

turn  up  with  a  spade. 
Di'gest,  n.     A  collection  of 

laws  :  an  abridgment. 
DI-gest',  v.  t.     To  dissolve  in 

the  stomach. 
Di-gest'i-ble,  a.     Capable  of 

being  digested. 
Di-ges'tion,  n.    The  process 

of  digesting.  [gestion. 

Di-ge3t'ive,  a.     Causing  di- 
Dlg'it  (18),    n.     One  of  the 

ten  figures  0,  1,2,  &c.,by 


86 

which  all  numbers  are  ex- 
pressed ;  12th  part  of  the 
diameter  of  the  sun  or 
moon  ;  a  finger. 

Dig'it-al,  a.  Relating  to  a 
digit.  [alted. 

Dig'ni-fled,    a.     Noble;  ex- 

Dig'ni-fy,  v.  t.  To  exalt ;  to 
advance. 

Dig'nt-ta-ry, .  n.  A  person 
of  rank. 

Dig'ni-ty,  n.  Elevation  of 
rank  ;  nobleness. 

Dl'graph,  n.  Two  letters  with 
the  sound  of  one  only. 

Di-gress',  v.  i.  To  turn  from 
the  main  subject ;  to  wan- 
der. 

Di-gres'sion,  it.  A  deviation. 

Dike,  n.  A  ditch  ;  a  bank  or 
mound  of  earth. 

Di-lap'i-date,  v.  t.  To  pull 
down.  — v.  i.  To  go  to  ruin. 

Dflap'i-da'tion,  n.  Decay  ; 
waste.  [lating. 

Difa-ta'tion,  n._  Act  of  di- 

Di-late',  or  Di-late',  v.  t.  or 
i.  To  expand ;  to  enlarge. 

Di-la'tion,  or  Dl-la'tion,  n. 
Act  of  dilating;  expansion. 

Dil'a-to-ry,  a.     Late  ;  tardy. 

Dl-lem'ma,  or  Dl-lem'ma 
(18),  n.  A  perplexing  state 
or  alternative. 

Dil'i-genge,  n.  Steady  ap- 
plication to  business. 

Dil'i-gent,  a.  Constant  in 
application  to  business. 

Dil'i-gent-ly,  adv.  With 
steady  application. 

Di-lute',  v.  t.  To  make  more 
thin.  —  a.  Thin  ;  diluted. 

Di-lu'tion,??.  Actof  diluting ; 
a  weak  liquid. 

Di-lu'vi-al,   I  a.  Relating  to, 

Di-lu'vi-an,  J  or  caused  by, 
a  Hood. 

Dl-lu'vi-um,  n.  A  deposit  of 
earth,  &C.,  caused  by  a 
flood. 

Dim,  a.  Not  clear  ;  obscure. 
—  v.  t.  To  darken  ;  to  ob- 
scure.   .  [cents'  value. 

DTme,n.    A  silver  coin  of  (en 

Di-men'sion,  n.    Bulk  ;  size. 

Di-mm'ish,  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
make  or  become  less. —  SYN. 
To  lessen  ;  decrea^-e  ;   abate 


DIRECT 

DIm'i-nu'tion,  n.  A  making 
or  growing  smaller,    [small. 

Dfmin'u-tive,    a.       Little  ; 

Dlm'is-so-ry,  a.  Dismissing 
to  another  ecclesiastical  ju- 
risdiction,        [cotton  cloth. 

Dim'i-ty,  ».  A  kind  of  ribbed 

Dim'ness,  n.  Dullness; 
gloom.  [in  the  check. 

D'im'ple,  n.     A  little  hollow 

Din,  n.    Loud  noise  ;  clamor. 

Dine,  v.  i.     To  cat  dinner. 

Dln'gi-ness,  n.  A  dusky  hue. 

Din'gle,  ii.  A  hollow  between 
hills  ;  a  dale.  [foul. 

Din'gy,   a.      Dusky;  roiled; 

Din'ner,  n.  The  chief  meal 
of  the  day. 

Dint,  n.  Mark  of  a  blow ; 
power  ;  means.  —  v.  t.  To 
mark  by  a  blow. 

DI-oQ'e-san,  or  Di'o-ge'san, 
a.    Pertaining  to  a  diocese. 

Di'd-gese,  n.  The  jurisdic- 
tion of  a  bishop. 

Dfo-ra'ma,  or  Di-o-ra'ma 
(18),  n.  An  ingenious  op- 
tical contrivance. 

Dip  (7),  v.  I.  To  plunge;  to 
immerse.  —  v.  i.  To  im- 
merse one's  self;  to  thrust 
in  and  partake. — n.  In- 
clination downward. 

Diph-the'ri-a  (dif-  or  d!p-), 
n.  A  very  dangerous  dis- 
ease of  the  throat. 

Diph'thong  (dif-  or  dtp'-),  n. 
A  union  of  two  vowels  in 
one  sound  or  syllable. 

Diph-thori'gal  (dif-  or  dip-), 
a.  Consisting  of  a  diph- 
thong. 

Di-plo'ma  (18),  n.  A  writing 
conferring  some  privilege, 
honor,  &c. 

Di-plo'ma-gy,  n.  Conduct 
of  negotiations  between  na- 
tions, [to  diplomacy. 

Dip'lo-mat'ie,  a.    Pertaining 

Di'-plo'ma-tist,  I    n.         One 

Dip'lo-mate,  j  skilled  in 
diplomacy. 

Dip'per,  n.  One  who  dips ; 
a  vessel  for  dipping. 

Dire,  a.     Dreadful ;  dismal. 

Di-reet',  «.  Straight ;  right ; 
express. — v.  I.  To  aim  ;  to 
direct ;  to  order  ;  to  regulate. 


5,5,1,0,  u,y, long ;  a,  c,  i,  6,u, y,  short;  cure, ciir, ask,  all,  what;  Cre,  veil,  term;  pVque,  firm 


DIRECTION 


87 


DISCOURTEOUS 


Di-re€'tion,  n.     Aim  ;  order. 

Dl-reet'ly,  adv.  Immediately. 

DI-re€t'ness,  n.  Straight- 
ness  ;  tendency  to  a  point. 

Di-re-ct'or,  n.  One  who  di- 
rects ;  a  superintendent. 

Dl-re-et'o-ry,  n.  Book  of  di- 
rections ;  a  guide-book. 

Dlre'ful,  a.  Dreadful ;  dire. 

Dirge  \V&),n.  A  funeral  song. 

Dirk,  n.     A  kind  of  dagger. 

Dirt,  n.  Earth  ;  any  foul 
matter  ;  mud  ;  mire.  —v.  t. 
To  make  dirty. 

Dirt'y.a.  Foul  with  dirt.  —  v. 
t..   To  make  foul;  to  dirt. 

Dls'a-bll'i-ty,  n.  Want  of 
power  or  qualifications. 

Dis-a'ble,  c.  t.  To  deprive 
of  power  ;  to  disqualify. 

Dls'a-tyls.e',  V.  t.  To  unde- 
ceive. 

Di's'ad-van'tage,  >?.  Loss ; 
unfavorable  state. 

Dis-ad'van-ta'geous,  a.  Un- 
favorable to  success ;  inju- 
rious, [less  friendly. 

Dis'af-fS^t',  V.  t.     To  inake 

Dls'af-feet'ed,  a.  Filled  with 
discontent  and  unfriendli- 
ness. 

Dfs'af-feVtion,  n.  Want  of 
affection  ;  alienation. 

Dis'a-gree',  v.  i.  To  differ 
in  opinion  ;  to  quarrel ;  not 
to  be  the  same. 

DIs'a-gree'a-ble,  a.  Un- 
pleasant, [pleasantly. 

DIs'a-gree'a-bly,  adv.    Un- 

Dis'a-gree'ment,  n.  Differ- 
ence. 

Dis'al-low',  v.  t.  To  refuse 
to  allow. 

Dis'al-low'ange,  n.  Disap- 
probation ;  prohibition. 

Dis'an-nul'.     See  Annul. 

DIs'ap-pear',  v.  i.  To  vanish 
from  sight. 

Dls'ap-pear'ange,?!.  Act  of 
disappearing;    a  vanishing. 

DIs'ap-point',  v.  t.  To  defeat 
of  expectation  or  hope. 

Dls'ap-point'ment. ».  Defeat 
of  hopes  or  expectation. 

Dis-ap'pro-ba'tion,  n.  A  dis- 
approval ;  dislike. 

Dis'ap-prpv'al  (11),  n.  Dis- 
approbation; dislike. 


Dis'ap-prove',  v.t.  To  cen- 
sure ;  to  refuse  to  approve. 

Dis-arm',  v.  t.  To  deprive  of 
arms. 

DIs'ar-range',  v.  t.  *To  put 
out  of  order. 

DIs'ar-range'ment,  n.  Act 
of  disturbing  order. 

Dis'ar-ray',  v.  l.  To  undress. 
—  n.  Want  of  order ;  un- 
dress. 

Dig-as'ter,  n.  Unfortunate 
event ;  mishap  ;  calamity. 

Dis-as'trous,  a.  Unlucky; 
calamitous  ;  afflictive. 

DIs'a-vow',  v.  t.  To  disown  ; 
to  deny  knowledge  of. 

Dls'a-vow'al,  n.    A  denial. 

Dis-band',  v.  t.  or  ?'.  To  dis- 
miss from  military  service. 

Dis'be-lief,  n.  Want  or  re- 
fusal of_belief.  [credit. 

Dis'be-lieve',  v.  t.    To  dis- 

Dis'be-liev'er,  n.  An  infidel. 

Dis-bur'den  (-bflr'dn),  v.  t. 
To  ease  of  a  burden. 

Dis-burse',  v.  t.  To  expend  ; 
to  pay  out ;  to  spend. 

Dis-burse 'merit,  n.  Act  of 
disbursing  ;  sum  spent. 

Disc     See  Disk. 

Dis-eard',  v.  t.    To  dismiss. 

Dks-cem'  (diz-zern'),  v.  To 
see  ;  to  perceive ;  to  judge. 

Dig-cern'i-ble  (diz-zern'-),  a. 
Capable  of  being  discerned. 

Dis-cern'ing,  a.     Judicious. 

Dis-cem'ment,  n.  Act  of  dis- 
cerning. —  Syn.  Penetra- 
tion :  discrimination. 

Dis-charge',  v.  t.  To  dis- 
miss ;  to  unload ;  to  fire.  — 
v.  i.  To  throw  off  a  charge 
or  burden.  — n.  An  unload- 
ing; explosion. 

Dis-cJ'ple  ( 13),  n.  A  learner  ; 
a  scholar  or  follower. 

Dis-Qi'ple-ship,  a.  State  of  a 
disciple. 

DIs  gi-plin-a'ri-an,  n.  One 
who  keeps  good  discipline. 

DIs'gi-plin-a-ry,  a.  Relating 
to,  or  intended  for,  disci-  \ 
pline 

Dis'gi-plme,  n  Education  j 
and  government ;  order  :  ! 
rule.  —  v.  t.  To  instruct  and  i 
govern  ;  to  regulate. 


Dis-claim',  v.t.  To  disown  ; 
to  renounce.  [to  reveal. 

Dis-eloge',  v.  t.  To  uncover  ; 

Dis-€lo§'ure,  n.  A  revealing ; 
that  which  is  disclosed. 

Dis-€ol'or  (-kQFur),  v.  t.  To 
alter  the  color  of.    [of  color. 

Dis-eol'or-a'tion,  n.  Change 

Dis-eom'fit,  v.  t.  To  cause 
to  flee  ;  to  rout ;  to  defeat. 

Dis~e6m'f  it-fire,  n.    Defeat. 

Dis-eom'fort,  ft.  Uneasiness ; 
disquiet.  [commode. 

Dis'€om-m6de',  v.  i.    To  in- 

Dis'«om-pcse',  v.  t.  To 
ruffle  :  to  dtsturb  the  temper 
of.  [oider;  disturbance. 

DIs'-eom-pcs/fire,   n.      Dis- 

DIs  •eon-e.ert',  v.  t.  To  dis- 
turb; to  unsettle  the  mind 
of.  [unite;  to  separate. 

Dis'eon  ne-et'.  v.  t.    To  dis- 

Dls'-son-nee'tion,^  Separa- 
tion ;  want  of  union. 

Dis-€bn 'so-late,  a.  Destitute 
of  comfort  or  consolation. 

DIs  -eon  tent' ,  n.  Uneasiness. 

DIs'-eon-tent'ed,  o.  Dissatis- 
fied. 

DIs'-eon-tent'ment,  n.  Dis- 
satisfaction. 

DIs'-eon-r.in  u  an^e,    \  n.  A 

Dls'eon-tln'u-a'tion,  J  ceas- 
ing; interruption. 

Dis'-eon-tm'ue,  v.  To  put  or 
leave  off. 

Dis'^ord,  ii.  Disagreement; 
strife,     [harmony;  discord. 

Dis  -eord'ange,  n.    Want  of 

Dis-eord'ant.  a.  Inconsist- 
ent ;  not  harmonious. 

Discount,  n.  Deduction  of  a 
sum  ;  allowance. 

Discount,  or  Dis-count', 
V.t.  To  allow  discount :  to 
lend  money  on,  deducting 
the  allowance  for  interest. 

Dis -eoun'te-nan(;e)'?•.  t.  To 
discourage.  —  n.    Disfavor. 

Dis-eotir'age  (-kuVej),  v.  t. 
To  dishearten  :  to  depress. 

Dis~eour'age-ment,  n .  That 
which  abates  courage. 

Dis~e6urse',  n.  Conversation  ; 
talk  ;  sermon  ;  treatise.  — 
v.t.    To  converse;  to  talk. 

Dis-eour'te-oiis  (-kur'te-),  a. 
Uncivil ;  rude. 


Bin,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  tub,  tdbk  j  urn,  rue,  pull ;  5,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard ;  ag  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


DISCOURTESY 


88 


DISLODGE 


Dis-eour'te-sy,  n.  Inciyil- 
ity  ;  ill  manners  ;  rudeness. 

Dis-€6v'er,  v.  t.  To  find  out; 
to  disclose  ;  to  reveal. 

Dis-eov'er-a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  discovered. 

Dis-e6v'er-er,  n.  One  who 
discovers. 

Dis~eov'er-y,  n.  A  finding 
out ;  disclosure. 

Dis-ered'it,  n.  Want  of  cred- 
it;  reproach.  —  v.  t.  To 
disbelieve ;  to  disgrace. 

Dis-ered'it-a-ble,  a.  Inju- 
rious to  reputation,    [tious. 

Dis~ereet',  a.    Prudent ;  cau- 

Dis-erep'an-gy,  I  n.     Differ- 

Dis-erep'ange,  f  ence ;  dis- 
agreement,        [disagreeing. 

Dis-€rep'ant,   a.     Different; 

Dis-erete'.  a.  Distinct ;  sep- 
arate ;  disjoined. 

Dis-ers'tion  (-kresh'ua,),  n. 
Prudence;  freedom  to  act 
at  will. 

Dis-ere'tion-al,      )  a.      To 

Dis-€re'tion-a-ry,  J  be  gov- 
erned by  judgment  only. 

Dis-erim'i-nate,  v.  t.  To 
distinguish  ;  to  separate. 

Dis-erim/i-na/tion,  n.  Act 
of  discriminating. 

Dis-erim'i-na-tive,  a.  Serv- 
ing to  distinguish.         [talk. 

Dis-eur'sion,   n.     Desultory 

Dio-eur'slve,  a.  Roving  ;  ir- 
regular, [quoit. 

Dis'eus,    v.       The    ancient 

Dis-euss'.  v.  t.  To  disperse  ; 
to  examine  by  discussion. — 
Syn.    To  debate. 

Dis-eils'sion  (-kush'un),  n. 
A  debate  ;  disquisition. 

Dis-euss'ive,  a.  Able  or 
tending  to  discuss. 

Di§-dain',  n.  Haughty  con- 
tempt: scorn. — v.  t.  To 
scorn  :  to  de.-.pise. 

Dis-dain'ful  (17),  a.  Scorn- 
ful ;  contemptuous. 

Disease',  n.  Distemper ; 
malady.  —  v.  t.  To  affect 
with  sickness,    [go  on  shore. 

Dis'em-bark',  v.    To  put  or 

DiVem-bar'rass,  v.  t.  To 
free  from  embarrassment. 

DIs'em-bdd'ied,  p.  a.  Di- 
vested of  body. 


Dis'em-bogue',  v.  To  dis- 
charge at  the  mouth,  as  a 
stream. 

Dis'em-bow'el,  v.  t.  To 
take*.out  the  bowels  of. 

Dis'en-chant',  v.  t.  To  free 
from  enchantment. 

Dis'en-eum'ber,  v.  t.  To 
free  from  obstruction. 

Dis'en-gage',  V.  t.  To  free 
from  an  engagement  or  a  tie. 

Dis'en-gaged',  a.  Vacant ; 
at  leisure. 

Dis'en-gage'ment,  n.  Re- 
lease from  engagement. 

Dls'en-tan'gle.  v.  t.  To  set 
free  from  perplexity. 

Dis'en-tan'gle-ment,  n.  Act 
of  disentangling. 

Dis'en-tpmb'  (-Worn'),  r.  t. 
To  take  out  from  a  tomb. 

Dis'es-teem',  n.  Want  of 
esteem.  —  v.  t.  To  dislike. 

Dis-fa'vor,  n.  Want  of  fa- 
vor ;  disregard,  [disfiguring. 

Dis-fig'u-ra'tion,  n.    Act  of 

Dis-flg'ure,  v.  t.  To  deform ; 
to  mar  ;  to  deface,      [ment. 

Dis-fig'ure-ment,  n.  Deface- 

Dis-fran'chi§e  (-chlz),  v.  t. 
To  deprive  of  citizenship. 

Dis-fran'chise-ment,  n.  A 
deprivation"of  privileges* 

Dis-gorge',  v.  t.  To  vomit ; 
to  discharge  ;  to  give  up. 

Dis-graQe',  n.  State  of  shame ; 
disfavor;  dishonor. — v.  t. 
To  dishonor ;  to  bring  to 
shame. 

Dis-grace'ful,  a.    Shameful. 

Dis-gui§e',  n.  A  dress  to 
conceal  ;  false  appearance. 
—  v.  t.     To  conceal. 

Dis-gust',  n.  Distaste;  dis- 
like; aversion. — v.  t.  To 
give  dislike  to;  to  displease. 

Dis-gust'ful,   I  a.   Provoking 

Dis-gust'irig,  J      dislike. 

Dish  (18),  n.  A  vessel  to 
serve  food  in  ;  food.  —  v.  t. 
To  put  in  dishes. 

Dis'ha-bille',/1.  An  undress; 
deshabille.  [courage. 

Dis  heart'en,  v.  t.      To  dis- 

Di-shev'el,  v.  t.  To  suffer  to 
hang  negligently,  as  the 
hair. 

Di§-h6n'est  (-Sn'est),  a.  Void 


Of  honesty  ;  marked  by 
fraud  ;  faithless  ;  knavish. 

Di|-h6n'est-y  (-on'est-),  n. 
Knavery. 

Di§-hdn/or  (-on'ur,  33),  n. 
Want  of  honor ;  whatever 
injures  the  reputation.  — v. 
t.  To  bring  shame  on ;  to 
refuse  payment  of. 

Di§-h6n'or-a-ble  (-6n'ur-),a. 
Reproachful ;  disgraceful. 

Dis-in/-eli-na'tion,ra.  Slight 
dislike  or  aversion. 

Dis'in-elme',  v.  t.  To  pro- 
duce dislike  in. 

Dis'in-fe-et',  v.  t.  To  purify 
from  infection. 

Dis'in-f&e'tion,*!.  A  purify- 
ing from  infection. 

Dis'in-gen'u-ous,  a.  Want- 
ing in  frankness  and  hon- 
esty. —  Syn.  Unfair ;  illib- 
eral ;  deceitful ;  artful. 

Dis'in-her'it,  v.  t.  To  cut 
off  from  inheriting. 

Dis-m'te-grate,  p.  t.  To  sep- 
arate into  integrant  parts. 

Dis-in/te-gra'tion,  n.  A  sep- 
aration of  integrant  parts. 

Dis'in-ter',  v.  t.  To  take  out 
of  a  grave. 

Dis-m'ter-est-ed,  a.  Free 
from  self-interest. 

Dis'in-ter'ment,  n.  Act  of 
taking  out  of  a  grave,  [free. 

Dis'in-thrall',  v.   t.    To  set 

Dis-join',  v.  t.     To  separate. 

Dis-joint',  f.  t.  To  separate 
the  joints  of ;  to  dislocate. 

Dis-jun-et',  a.  Separate  ;  dis- 
joined. 

Dis-jun«'tion,  n.  Disunion ; 
separation. 

Dis-jun-et'ive,  a.  Tending  to 
disjoin. 

Disk,  n.  A  quoit;  face  of  the 
sun,  moon,  or  planet. 

Dis-llke',  /(.  Posjtive  aver- 
sion.—  v.  I.  To  have  an 
aversion  to. 

Dis'lo-eate,  v.  t.  To  dis- 
place ;  to  put  out  of  joint. 

Dis'lo-ea'tion,  n.  A  dis- 
placing ;  a  joint  put  out. 

Dislodge',  v.  t.  To  drive 
from  a  place  of  rest  or  a 
station.  —  v.  i.  To  go  from 
a  place  of  rest. 


T,o,  u,y, long;  S,  e,  I,  o,  u,y,  short;  cure, car,  ask,  all,  what;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  1'irin  ; 


DISLOYAL 


89 


DISSEMINATE 


Dis-loy'al,  a.  Not  loyal,  or 
true  to  allegiance.      [delity. 

Dis-loy'al-ty,  n.    Want  of  ti- 

Dis/mal,  a.     Dark;  gloomy. 

Dis-man'tle,  v.  t.  To  strip 
of  dress,  apparatus,  equip- 

•  ments,  &c.  [of  masts. 

Dis-mast',  v.   t.    To  deprive 

Dis-may',  V.  t.  To  daunt; 
to  appall. — n.  Lossof  cour- 
age;  fright. 

Bis-mem'ber,  v  t.  To  di- 
vide member  from  member. 

Dis-mem'ber-rnent,n.  Sepa- 
ration ;  division. 

Dis-miss',  v.  t.  To  send  away. 

Dis-miss'al,  n.  A  dismissing. 

Dis-mis'sion  (-nnsh'un)  a. 
A  sending  away  ;   discharge. 

Dis-mount',  v.  i.  To  alight 
from  a  horse,  &c.  —  v.  t. 
To  throw  from  a  horse. 

Dis'o-be'di-enge,  n.  Neglect 
or  refusal  to  obey,  [to  obey. 

Dis'o-be'di-ent,  a.  Refusing 

Dis'o-bey',  v.  t  To  neglect 
or  refuse  to  obey. 

Dis'o-biige',  v.  I.     To  offend. 

Dis'o-blig'ing,  a.  Not  grati- 
fying; uukind. 

Dis-or'der,  n.  Confusion  ; 
disease.  —  r.  /.  To  Throw 
into  confusion  ;  to  discom- 
pose :  to  make  sick,  [posed. 

Disordered,  p.  a.      Indis- 

Dis-6r'der-ly,  «.  Confused ; 
lawless  :  vicious  ;  irregular. 

Dis-or'gan-i-za'tion,?*.  Sub- 
version of  order. 

Dis-or'gan-ize,  v.  t.  To 
throw  into  utter  disorder. 

Di§-6wn',  v.  t.  To  refuse  to 
own  ;  to  renounce. 

Dis-par'age.  v.  t.  To  injure 
by  depreciating  compari- 
sons. 

Dis-par'age-ment  (10),  n. 
Injurious  comparison  with 
something  else.  —  Syn.  De- 
traction ;  derogation. 

Dis-par'i-ty,  n.     Inequality. 

Dis-part',  v.  t.  or  i.    To  part. 

Dis-pas'sion-ate,  a.  Free 
from  passion  ;  cool ;  calm. 

Dis-patch',  v.  t.  To  send 
away  ;  to  put  out  of  the 
way  ;  to  kill.  —  n.  Speed  ; 
haste ;  message  sent. 


Dis-p8P,  v.  t.    To  drive  away. 

Dis-pen'sa-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  dispensed  or  dis- 
pensed with. 

Dis-pen'sa-ry,  n.  Place  for 
dispensing  medicines. 

Dts'pen-sa'tion,  n.  Distri- 
bution ;  exemption  from  a 
law. 

Dis-pen'sa-tive,   )  a.     Hav- 

Dis-pen'sa-to-ry, )  ing  pow- 
er of  granting  dispensation. 

Dis-pen'sa-to-ry,  n.  A  book 
telling  how  to  compound 
medicines. 

Dis-pense',  v.  t.  To  deal  out. 

Dis-peo'ple,  v.  t.  To  depop- 
ulate. 

Dis-perse',  r.  t.   To  scatter. 

Dis-per'sion,  n.  Act  of  scat- 
tering, or  state  of  being 
scattered. 

Dis-pir'it,  v.  t.  To  discour- 
age, [place. 

Dis-plage',  v.  t.  To  put  out  of 

Dis-play^  v.  t.  To  spread 
wide ;  to  open.  —  n.  Exhi- 
bition ;  show. 

Dis-plea§e',  v.  t.  To  give  of- 
fense to.  — v.  i.  To  disgust. 

Dis-pleas'ure  (-plezh'ur),  it. 
Slight  finger  ;  pain  received. 

Dis-plode',  v.    To  burst. 

Dis-plo'§ion,  n.  A  burst- 
ing with  noise. 

Dis-port',  n.  Play  ;  sport ; 
pastime.  —  v.i.  To  sport ; 
to  play  :  to  wanton. 

Dis-pos'al  (11),  n.  Act  of 
disposing  ;  management. 

Dis-pose',  v.  t.  To  place  ;  to 
incline;  to  adapt  or  fit. 

Dis-posed',  a.  Inclined  ; 
minded. 

Dis'po-si'tion  (-zlsh'un),  n. 
Order";  distribution  ;  tem- 
per of  mind. 

Dis'pos-sess'  (or  -poz-zeV), 
v.  t.  To  put  out  of  posses- 
sion. 

Dis-pos-seVsion  (-pos-sesh'- 
un  or  -poz-zesh'un),  n.  Act 
of  dispossessing. 

Dis-prai§e'  n.  Censure ; 
blame.  — v.  t.     To  blame. 

Dis-probf ,  n.  Refutation  ; 
confutation. 

Dis'pro-por'tion,  n.      Want 


of  proportion  or  symmetry. 
—  v.  t.  To  make  unsuitable. 

Dis'pro-por'tion-al,    \       a. 

DIs'pro-por'tion-ate,  J  Urn 
equal ;    without  proportion. 

Dis-prpve',  v.  t.   To  confute. 

Dis'pu-ta-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  disputed. 

DIs'pu-tant,  n.  One  who  dis- 
putes or  argues. 

Dis'pu-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
disputing;  argumentation. 

Dis'pu-ta'tious,  a.  Given  to 
dispute. 

Dis-pute',  v.  t.  or  i.  To  de- 
bate ;  to  quarrel.  —  n.  Con- 
test in  words. 

Dis-qual'i-fi-ea'tion,  n.  That 
which  disqualifies. 

Dis-qual'i-fy,  t;  t.  To  make 
unlit ;  to  disable. 

Dis-quPet,  p.  t.  To  make 
uneasy.  —  Syn.  To  disturb  ; 
yex;  fret. — n.  Restless- 
ness, [ness. 

Dis-quPe-tude,  n.      Unea.«i- 

Dis'qui-si'tion  (-zish'un),  n. 
A  formal  discussion  on  any 
subject ;  inquiry. 

Dis're-gard',  n.  Slight;  neg- 
lect. —  r.  t.  To- slight. 

Dis-rel'ish,  n.  Distaste ;  dis- 
like. 

Dis-rep'u-ta-ble,  a.  Not 
creditable :  dishonorable. 

Dis're-pute',  n  Want  of 
reputation  or  esteem. 

Dis're-spect^n.  Want  of  re- 
spect; incivility. 

DIs're-speet'ful,  a.  Uucivil : 
rude. 

Dis-robe',  v.    To  undress. 

Dis-rup'tion,  n.  Act  of 
breaking  asunder  ;  breach. 

Dis-sat'is-fae'tion,  n.  Dis- 
content ;  dislike ;  displeas- 
ure, [please. 

Dis-sat'is-fy,  v.  t.      To  dis- 

Dis-seet',  t».  t.  To  divide  and 
examine  minutely. 

Dis-se«'tion,  n.  The  act  of 
dissecting;  anatomy. 

Dis-seet'or,  n.  An  anatomist, 

Dis-seize',  v.  t.  To  dispossess. 

Dis-sem'ble,  v.  t.  To  con- 
ceal ;  to  feign.  — v.  i.  To  act 
the  hypocrite. 

Dis-sem'i-nate,  v.  t.  To  scat- 


eon,  or,  do,  wolf,  tub,  tdbk ;  Orn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard ;  as  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng;  thi;. 


DISSEMINATION 

ter  in  various  directions ;  to 

SOW. 

Dis-sem'i-na'tlon,  n.  Act  of 
disseminating. 

Dis-sSm'i-na'tor,  n.  One  who 
disseminates. 

Dis-sen'sion,  n.  Contention  ; 
disagreement ;  strife. 

Dis-sent',  v.  i.  To  disagree  ; 
to  differ.  —  n.  Disagree- 
ment, [seats. 

Dis-sent'er,  n.   One  who  dis- 

Dis-scn'tient,  a.  Disagreeing. 

Dis'ser-ta'tion,  n.  A  dis- 
course ;  essay  ;  treatise. 

Dis-serv'ige,  n.  Injury  done. 

Dis-sev'er,  v.  t.  To  part  in 
two  ;  to  disfunite. 

Dis-sev'er  ange,  n.  Act  of 
severing.  [ment. 

Dis'si-denge,  n.      Disagree- 

Dls'si-dent,  n.  A  dissenter. 
—  a.     Dissenting. 

Dis-sim'i-lar,  a.     Unlike. 

Dis-sim/i-lar'i-ty,  I  n.      Un- 

Dis'si-mil'i-tude,  )  like- 
ness ;  difference  ;  want  of  re- 
semblance, [risy. 

Dis-snrVu-la'tion,n.  llypoc- 

Dis'si-pate,  v.  t.  To  drive 
asunder;  to  scatter. 

Dis'si-pa'ted,  a.  Given  to 
pleasure  ;  dissolute  ;  loose. 

Dis'si-pa'tior^u.  Dispersion  ; 
a  dissolute  course  of  life. 

Dis-s5'ci-ate  (-so'shT-),  v.  t. 
To  disunite  ;  to  separate. 

Dis-so'ci-a'tion  (-so-shi-),  n. 
Separation  ;  division. 

Dis'so-lu-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  dissolved. 

Dis'so-lute ,  a .  Loose  in  mor- 
als or  conduct. 

Dis'so-lute-ly,  arti'.  In  a 
loose  or  wanton  manner. 

Dis'SO-lu'tion,  n.  Act  of  dis- 
solving :  death. 

Dis -solve',  v.  t.  or  ?'.  To 
melt ;  to  liquefy  ;  to  sepa- 
rate ;  to  terminate. 

Dis-s61v'ent, «.  That  which 
dissolves.  —  a.  Having  pow- 
er to  dissolve. 

Dis'so-nange,  n.    Discord. 

Dis'so-nant,  a.  Discordant ; 
harsh  to  the  ear. 

Dis-suade'  (-swiTd'),  v.  t.  To 
advise  or  exhort  agaiust. 


90 

Dis-sua'§ion,  n.  Act  of  dis-  i 
suading. 

Dis-sua'sive,  a.  Tending  to  ( 
dissuade.  —  n.  Argument  | 
employed  to  deter. 

Dis'syl-lab'i-e,  a.  Consisting  ' 
of  two  syllables  only. 

Dis-syl'la-ble,  or  Dis'syl-la- 
ble,  n.  A  word  of  two  syl-  j 
tables. 

Dis'taff  (18),  n. 
A  staff  from 
which  flax  is 
drawu  in  spin- 
ning. 

Dis-tain',  v.  t. 
To  stain. 

Dis'tange,        n.      *>»teffi 
Space  between   bodies;    re- 
moteness;   reserve.  —  v.   t. 
To    leave  behind,   as  in   a 
race. 

Dis'tant,  a.  Remote  in  time, 
place,  or  connection,  &c.  •— 
Syn.  Separate  ;  far  ;  indis- 
tinct ;  shy  ;  cool  :  haughty. 

Dis-taste'.  n.  Disrelish;  dis- 
gust ;  aversion. 

Dis-taste'ful,  a.  Nauseous ; 
offensive 

Dis-tem'per,  ».  A  morbid 
state  of  the  body  ;  disease ; 
malady.  —  v.  t.  To  affect 
with  disease  ;  to  disturb. 

Dis-tSnd',  v.  t.    To  swell. 

Dis-ten'tion,n.  A  stretching. 

Dis'tieh  (dTs'tik),  n.  A  coup- 
let, or  two  poetic  lines. 

Dis-till'  I  (IS),  v.  i.    To  fall  in 

Dis-til'  I  drops ;  to  drop  — 
v   t.     To  extract  spirit  from. 

Dis'til-la/tion,  n.  The  act  of 
distilling.  [tills. 

Dis-till'er,  n.     One  who  dis- 

Dis-till'er-y,  n.  A  place  for 
distilling. 

Dis-tinet',  a.  Separate  ;  dif- 
ferent :  clear  ;  not  confused. 

Dis-cine'tion, ».     Difference. 

Dis-tin-et'fve,  a  Marking 
distinction  or  difference. 

Dis-tmct'ly,  adv.  In  a  dis- 
tinct manner.        [precision 

Bis-tln-et'ness, «.  Clearness; 

Dis-tin'guish  (-tlng'gwish), 
v.  t.  To  note  the  difference 
between.  —  v.  i.  TTrnnake 
distinetions.  *-~ 


DIYARICATE 

Dis-tin'guish-a-ble,  a.  Ca- 
pable of  being  distinguished. 

Dis-tin'guished  (-gwisht),  a. 
Eminent;  celebrated. 

Dis-torf,  v.  t.  To  twist ;  to 
writhe.  [torting. 

Dis-tor'tion,  n.     Act  of  dis- 

Dis-tra-ct/,  v.  t.  To  perplex  ; 
to  agitate  ;   to  craze. 

Dis-tra-et'ed,   n.     Deranged. 

Dis-trae'tion,  n.  Confusion  ; 
state  of  disordered  reason. 

Dis-train',  r.  /.  To  seize  for 
debt  without  legal  process. 

Dis-traint',  n.  A  seizure  for 
debt. 

Dis- tress',  n.  Act  of  dis- 
training ;  thing  seized  ;  ex- 
treme pain.  —  f.  t .  To  pain ; 
to  afflict. 

Dis-tress'ing,  a.    Afflicting. 

Dis  -trib'ute,  v.  t.  To  divide 
among  a  number. 

Dis'tri-bu'tion.N.  Act  of  dis- 
tributing. 

Dis-trib'u-tfve,  a  Distrib- 
uting, or  tending  to  do  so. 

Dis'tri-et,  n.  A  circuit :  re- 
gion ;  tract. — v.  t.  To  di- 
vide into  circuits. 

Dis-triist\  v.  t.  To  suspect ; 
to  disbelieve.  —  n.  Want  of 
confidence. 

Dis-trust'ful,  a.    Suspicious. 

Dis-ttirb',  v.  t.  To  perplex  ; 
to  disquiet ;  to  agitate. 

Dis-turb'ange.  n.  Agitation; 
confusion  ;  tumult. 

Dis-un'ion  (-yijn'jun),  n. 
Want  of  uhion. 

DTs'u-mte',  v.  t    To  separate 

Dis-use',  v.  t.  To  cease  to 
make  use  of         [desuetude. 

Dis-use'.  n.  Cessation  of  use ; 

Ditch  (18),  n.  A  trench  in  the 
earth. — r.  t.  or*.  To  trench  ; 
to  make  a  ditch.         [before. 

Dit'to.  v.    The  same  thing  as 

Dit'ty  (19),  n.  A  poem  to  le 
sung.  [mine. 

DPu-refi-e,    a.     Promoting 

Dl-ur'nal,  a.  Constituting  a 
day  ;  daily. 

Di-van',  n.  Turkish  council 
of  state;  council  chamber; 
kind  of  small  sofa. 

Di-var'i-eate,  v.  i.  To  di- 
vide into  two  branches. 


afC,T, o,  u,y,long;  u,e,  i,u,u,y,  short ;  cui-e,car,ask,  all,  what;  Cre.veil,  term  ;  p'.'que,  firm; 


DIVE 

Dive,  v.  i.  To  plunge  under 
water  ;  to  go  deep. 

Di'ver,  n.  One  who  dives ;  a 
bird  remarkable  for  diving. 

Diverge',  v.  i.  To  tend  dif- 
ferent ways  from  one  point. 

Dl-ver'genqe,  ft.  Gradual  de- 
viation from  a  point 

Dl-ver'gent,  a  Separating 
from  each  other.   * 

Di'vers,  a.    Several ;  sundry. 

DI'verse,  a.  Varied;  differ- 
ent ;  various. 

DI'verse-ly,a'/i'.  Differently. 

Di-ver'si-fi-cl'tion, ft.  The 
act  of  making  various. 

Dl-ver'si-fy,  v.  t.  To  make 
diverse  or  various. 

Dl-ver'sion,  n.  A  turning 
aside  ;  sport ;  amusement. 

Dl-ver'si-ty,  n.  Difference ; 
unlikeness  ;  variety. 

DI-vert',  v.  t.  To  turn  aside; 
to  gratify  ;  to  amuse. 

Di-vert'ing,  a.     Pleasing. 

Di-vert/Ise-m3nt,  n.  Diver- 
sion. 

DI-vest',  v.  t.  To  strip,  as 
of  clothes,  arms,  &e. 

DI-vest'ure,  ft.  Act  of  put- 
ting off.  [being  divided 

Di-vld'a-ble,  «.     Capable  of 

Df-vide',  v.  t.  To  part  or  sep- 
arate, as  a  who.e. 

Div'i-dend,  n.  Number  to  be 
divided;  share  divided. 

Di-vld'er,  n.  One  who,  or 
that  which,  divides;  {pi.) 
compasses,  [ing 

Dfv'i-na'tion,  n.     A  foretell- 

Df-vlne',  a.  Pertaining  to 
God.  —  n  A  minister  of  the 
Gospel.  —  v.     To  foretell. 

Dl-vlns'ly,  ado.  In  a  godlike 
m  inner.       - 

Dlv'ing-bell,  n.  A  michine 
for  going  under  water  in 

Di-vin'i-ty,«.  Divine  nature; 
the  Deity  :  theology. 

DI-vis/i-bTl'i-ty,  n.  Quality 
of  being  divisible. 

Dl-vis/i-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  divided.     [ of  dividing. 

Dl-vls'ion  (-vlzh'un), ».    Act 

DT-vi'sor,  ».  A  number  that 
divides  another. 

Di-vorce',  n.  Legal  dissolu- 
tion of  marriage  —  c.  t.  To 


91 

separate,  as  a  husband  and 
wife 

Dl-vulge',  v.  t.  To  publish  ; 
to  disclose  or  make  known. 

Diz'en,  or  Dl'zen,  v.  t.  To 
dress  gaudily. 

Diz'zi  ness,  n.  Giddiness  ; 
vertigo. 

Diz'zy  (13),  a.  Affected  with 
vertigo ;  giddy. 

Dp,  t?.  [imp.  DtD;  p.  p. 
done.]     To  act ;    to   per- 

\  form;  to  practice;  to  exe- 
cute ;  to  succeed  ;  to  answer 
the  purpose. 

D6§'Ile,  a.  Ready  to  be 
taught. 

Do-Qil'i-ty,  ft.  Teachableness. 

Dock,  ft.  A  place  for  ships; 
a  certain  plant.  — v.  t.  To 
cut  short.  [dock. 

D6c:k'age,  ft.  Pay  for  using  a 

Ddck'et,  n.  A  label  tied  to 
goods  ;  a  register  of  cases  in 
court.  — v.  t.  To  mark  with 
titles.  [naval  stores. 

D6ck'-yard,  n.    A  yard  for 

Doe'tor,  n.  A  title  in  divin- 
ity, law,  &c.  ;  a  physician. 

D6e'tor-ate,  ft.  The  degree 
of  a  doctor. 

Dde'tress,  n.  A  female 
physician. 

Doe'tri-nal,  a.  Consistingin, 
or  containing,  doctrine.  — n. 
Something  that  is  part  of 
doctrine. 

Doe'trine,  ft.  What  is  taught ; 
a  gospel  truth  ;  tenet. 

Dde'u-ment,  ft.  Written  in- 
struction ;  proof. 

Doe'u-ment'al,      )  a.     Con- 

Dde'u-ment'a-ry, )  sisting 
in  written  evidence. 

Do-dee'a-gon,  n.  A  figure  of 
twelve  sides. 

Do-dee7  a-he'dron, 
ft.  A  solid  having 
twelve  equal  faces. 

DSdge,   v.  i.      To       m 
start        suddenly       O-y 
aside.  — t'.  t.     To        ^ 
evade  by  starting  Dodecahe- 
aside.  drons- 

Doe  (IS),  n.     A  female  deer. 

Do'er,  ft.    One  who  performs. 

Does  (duz),  thini  person  sing. 
indicative  present  of  Do. 


DOMESTICATE 

|D6ff  (l),v.  t.    Toputoff;to 

strip. 
•  Dog,  n.  A  domestic  animal.  — 
I      v.  t.  To  follow  continually. 
,  Dog'-days,  n.  pi.    The  days 
when  the  dog-star  rises  and 
!      sets  with  the  sun. 
j  Dog'ged,  a.   Sulien  ;  morose. 
D6g'ged-ly,  adv.     Sullenly. 
i  Ddg'ger-el,  n.    A  kind  of  ir- 
regular measure  in  poetry. 
J  Dog'ma  (18),  ft.     A  settled 
j      opinion  ;  a  maxim  ;  a  tenet. 
Dog-mat'ie,       I  a.  Positive; 
Dog-mat'ie-al, J       magistu- 
;      rial. 

i  Dog'ma-tTsm,  n.     Positive- 

iiess  in  opinion  ;  arrogance. 

I  Dog'ma-tist,    n.     One  who 

t      dogmatizes. 

Dog'ma-tlze,  p.  i.     To  assert 

positively  without  proof. 

D6g '-tooth  (21),  n.    A  tooth 

like  a  dog's. 

i  D6g'-troC  n.    A  gentle  trot. 

j  Doi'ly  ( 19),  ft.  A  small  colored 

I      napkin. 

Dp'ingg,  n.  pi.    Things  done. 
Doit,    n.     A  small   piece  of 

money  :  a  trifle. 
Dole,    n.    A  thing  dealt  out. 
—  v.  t.  To  deal  out  in  small 
portions. 
Dole'ful  (17),  a.     Expressing 
or    causing    grief.  —  Syn. 
Mournful:  melancholy. 
D61e's6me(-sum),«.  Gloomy; 
dismal.  [for  a  child. 

Doll  (1),  n.  A  puppet  or  baby 
Doi'lar.  n.  A  silver  coin  cf 
]  the  United  States ;  100 cents. 
I  Do'lor,  ft.  Pain  ;  grief. 
-  Dol'or-ous,  a.  Sorrowful ; 
painful.  [fish. 

:  Dol'phin,    n.      A    cetaceous 
j  Dolt.  ft.    A  stupid  fellow. 
|  Dolt'ish,  a.  Stupid ;  blockish. 
'  Do-main',  n.     Extent  of  ter- 
ritory or  swav. —  Syn.  Em- 
pire ;  dominion  ;  possession  ; 
estate. 
Dome  (18),    n.      An  arched 
j      roof  or  cupola. 
j  Do-mes'tie,  a.    Belonging  to 
!      home  ;   tame.  —  u.   A  house- 
servant. 
!  Do-mss'ti-eate,    r:    t.      To 
!      make  domestic  or  tame. 


sun,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took  ;  Grq,,  rue,  pt.ill ;  9,  g,  soft,;  c,  g,  hard;  a^  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng;  tins. 


DOMICIL 


92 


DRAMA 


One  of  an 

[authority. 

Sovereign 

A  hood  or 


Dom'i-Qil,     )  »  A  permanent 

Dom'i-Qile, )      dwelling. 

Dom'i-Qile,  I  v.  t.  To  es- 

DonVi-Qil'i-ate,  {  tablish  a 
fixed  residence. 

DonVi-gil'i-a-ry  (or  -sTl'ya- 
ry),  a.  Pertaining  to  an 
abode.  [vailing. 

Dom'i-nant,  a.  Ruling ;  pre- 

Dom'i-na'tion,  ft.  Rule  ;  do- 
minion,        [with  insolence. 

DSnVi-neer',  v.  i.      To  rule 

Do-mm'i-cal,  a.  Relating 
to  our  Lord. 

Do-min'i-an,  n 
order  of  monks. 

Do-mm'ion,    n. 

D6m'i-no(18),  w 
cloak ;  a  game. 

Don,  n.  Spanish  title. — v.  t. 
To  put  on.  [to  give. 

Do'nate,   v.   t.    To  bestow  ; 

Do-na'tion,  n.  A  gift ;  a  pres- 
ent, [largess. 

Don'a-tive,    n.      A  gift  ;    a 

Done  (dun),  p.  p.  of  Do. 

Don'key  (19),  n.  An  ass  or 
mule. 

DS'nor,  n.     One  who  gives. 

Doom,  v.  t.  To  sentence ; 
to  destine.  —  n.  Sentence 
given.  [ment. 

Dobmg'day,  n.  Day  of  judg- 

Door,  n.  The  gate  of  a  house  ; 
entrance.  [a  janitor. 

Door'-keep'er,  n.   A  porter ; 

D6r'i-e,  a.  Relating  to  an 
order  of  architecture. 

D6r'man-gy,  n.  State  of  be- 
ing dormant.  [vate. 

Dor'mant.a.    Sleeping;  pri- 

Dor'mer, 

Dor'mer- 

wln'dow, 
n.     An   up- 
right    win- 
dow  in   tho 
roof    of     a   ^ 
house  Dormer-window. 

D6r'mi-to-ry,  ft.  A  place  to 
sleep  in. 

Dor'mouse  (21),  n.  A  small 
animal  resembling  the  squir- 
rel in  its  habits.  [back. 

Dor'sal,  a.     Relating    to  the 

Dose,  n.  As  much  medicine 
as  is  taken  at  one  time.  — 
v.  t.    To  give  in  doses. 


DSt,  n.  A  point  used  in  writ- 
ing and  printing.  —  v.  t.  To 
mark  with  dots. 

Do'tage,  ft,  Imbecility  of 
mind  from  old  age. 

Do'tard,  n.  One  whose  mind 
is  impaired  by  age>     [ment. 

Do-ta'tion,   n.      An    endow- 

Dote  (S),  v.  i.  To  be  or  be- 
come silly  through  age,  or 
from  love. 

Doub'le  (dtlb'l),  a.  Twofold  ; 
in  pairs;  deceitful.  —  v.  t. 
To  make  twofold ;  to  fold ; 
to  pass  round  a  headland.  — 
ft.    Twice  the  quantity. 

Doub'le-deaPing  (dub'l-),  w. 
Dealing  with  duplicity. 

Doub'let,  ft.  A  pair ;  a  waist- 
coat ;  (pi  )  the  same  number 
on  both  dice,  &c. 

Doub-ldbn',  n.  A  Spanish 
coin  of  about  sixteen  dollars. 

Doubt  (dout),  v.  i.  To  be  in 
suspense;  to  hesitate.  —  v. 
t.     To  distrust;  to  suspect. 

—  n.    Hesitation;  distrust. 
Doubt'ful  (dout'-),  a.  Uncer- 
tain, [doubt. 

Doubt'ful-ly,     adv.       With 
Doubt/less  (dout'less),   adv. 

Without    doubt  ;     unques- 
tionably, [gift ;  bribe. 
Dpu-geur'  (dob-suV),  ft.    A 
Dough    (do),    n.       Unbaked 

paste  of  bread 
Dough'nut  (do7-),  n.  A  small 

fried  cake. 
Dough'ty  (dow'tyj.a.  Brave. 
Dough'y    (do'y),    a.       Like 

dough.  [head  into  water. 
Douse,  v.  To  plunge  over 
Dove,  n.  A  domestic  pigeon. 
Dove'— eot,  )  ft.  A  place 
Dove'-house,  J  for  pigeons. 
Dove'tail,  n.  A  joint  in  form 

of  a  dove's  tail  spread.  —  v. 

t.     To  join  by  dovetail. 
Dow'a-ger,  ».  A  widow  with 

a  jointure. 
Dow'dy,    ft.     An    awkward, 

ill-dressed  woman. 
Dow'el  (8),  v.   t.     To   fasten 

together  by  pins,  as  boards. 
Dow'er,  ft.     The  portion  of  a 

married  woman  or  a  widow. 
Down,  prep.  Along  a  descent 

—  adv.    Below  the  horizon  ; 


on  the  ground  ;  below.  — v. 

Bank  of  sand  ;  level,  sandy 

land  ;  soft  feathers  or  tender 

hair.  [ward. 

Down'-east,  a.  Cast  down- 
Downfall,  ft.  A  fall :  ruin. 
Down'hill,     ft.        Declivity  ; 

slope  of  a  hill ;   descent.  — 

a.     Descending. 
Down'rlght  (-rlt),  a.     Open  ; 

plain.  —  adv.     Plainly. 
Down'war-d,  a.    Descending. 

—  ado.     To  a  lower  place. 
Down'y,  a.    Like  down  ;  soft. 
Dow'ry.     See  Dower. 
Dox-61'o-gy,    ft.       A    short 

hymn  giving  praise  to  God. 

D5ze,  v.  i.  To  slumber.  — ft. 
Imperfect  sleep  ;  slumber. 

Doz'en,  a.  or  ».    Twelve. 

Doz'i-ness,  re.     Drowsiness. 

Doz'y,  a. '  Drowsy  ;  sleepy. 

Drab,  ft.  A  strumpet.  —  a. 
Of  a  dull  brownish-yellow  or 
gray  color.  |g!e. 

Drab'ble,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  drag- 
Drachm  (dram),  1        n. 

Dra-eh'ma  (drak'ma), )  The 
eighth  part  of  an  ounce. 

Draff  (1),  re.     Dregs;  refuse. 

Draft,  ft.  Act  of  drawing;  or- 
der for  money  ;  a  sketch  ;  a 
detachment.  —  v.  t.  To 
draw ;  to  select. 

Drag,  v.  t.   To  pull  with  force. 

—  v.  i.  To  be  drawn  along  on 
the  ground.  —  ft.  A  net;  a 
harrow  ;  a  kind  of  sledge. 

Drag'gle,  v.  To  draw  or  be 
drawn  on  the  ground. 

Drag'o-man  (21),  n.  An  in- 
terpreter. 

Drag'on,  n.  A  kind  of  fabu- 
lous winged  serpent. 

Drag'on-fly,  n.  An  insect 
with  a  long,  slender  body. 

Dra-gdon',  n.  A  kind  of 
cavalry  soldier.  — v.  t.  To 
persecute ;  to  force. 

Drain,  n.  A  channel  for  wa- 
ter. —  v.  t.  or  t.  To  draw 
off  gradually  ;  to  exhaust. 

Drain'age,  n.    A  draining. 

Drake,  n.  The  male  of  the 
duck  kind. 

Dram,  n.  A  glass  of  spirit; 
eighth  of  an  ounce  troy. 

Dra'ma,  or  Dra'ma  (IS),,  n. 


a,  0,1,  5,  u,y, long ;  a,  c,I,  o,Q,5r,  short;  care, car, ask,  rdl,  what;  Ore,  veil,  term  ;  p7que,fTnn  ; 


DRAMATIC 


93 


DRUDGERY 


A  theatrical  composition ;  a 
play. 

Dra-mat'ie,       )  a.    Pertain- 

Dra-mat'i€-al,  j  ing  to  the 
drama. 

Dram'a-tist,  n.  A  dramatic 
author  or  writer  of  plays. 

Dram'a-tize,  v.  t.  To  repre- 
sent in  a  drama.        [Drink. 

Drank,    imp.    &    p.   p.    of 

Drape,  v.  t.  To  cover  with 
drapery.  [in  cloths. 

Dra'per,  n.    One  who  de:ils 

Dra'per-y,  n.  The  dress  of  a 
picture  or  statue.  [ive. 

Dras'ti€,  a.  Powerful';  act- 
Draught  (draft),  n.  Act  of 
drawing  ;  quantity  drank  at 
once  ;  delineation  ;  current 
of  air  ;  depth  of  water  ;  (pi.) 
a  game. 

Draught'-horse  (draft'-)  n. 
A  horse  for  drawing. 

Draughts  'man  (21),  n.  One 
who  draws  writings  or  de- 
signs. 

Draw,  v.  t.  or?',  [imp.  drew  ; 
p".  p.  drawn.]  To  pull;  to 
allure  :  to  delineate.  —  n. 
Act  of  drawing;  a  lot  drawn. 

Draw'back,  n.  Hindrance; 
diijty  refunded  on  goods ; 
any  loss. 

Draw '-bridge,  *.  A  bridge 
to  be  drawn  Up  or  aside. 

Draw-ee',  n.  One  on  whom 
a  bill  is  drawn. 

Draw'er,  n.  One  who  draws 
a' bill ;  a  sliding  box;  (pi.) 
an  under  garment  for  the 
legs.  [sketch. 

Draw'ing,  n .    A  delineation  ; 

Draw'ing-robm,  n.  A  room 
for  company. 

Drawl,  v.  /.'or/.  To  speak 
in  a  slow,  lengthened  tone. 

Drawn,  p.  p.  of  Draw. 

Dray,  n.  A  low  cart  on 
wheels. 

Dread,  n.  Great  and  con- 
tinuing fear  ;  terror.  — v.  t. 
To  be  in  great  fear.  —  a. 
Awful ;  terrible. 

Dread'ful,  a.  Inspiring 
dread  ;"  terrible  ;  shocking. 

Dread'ful-ly,  adv.  Terribly. 
Dread'n'aught  (-nawt),  n. 
A  very  thick  cloth. 


Dream,  n.  Thoughts  in  sleep. 

—  v.  i.  or  t.    [imp.  &  p.p. 

DREAMED,  DREAMT.]      To 

think  in   sleep  ;    to   fancy  . 
Dream'y,  a.  Full  of  dreams  ; 

visionary.  [Dream. 

Dreamt,  imp.   &   p.   p.    of 
Drear,      )  a.  Sorrowful ;  dis- 
Drear'y,  )      mal ;  gloomy. 
Drear'i-ness,  n.  Gloominess. 
Dredge,  n.    An  oyster-net.  — 

v.  t.      To  sprinkle  flour  on  ; 

to  gather  with  a  dredge. 
Dredg'ing-b6x,  ft.     A  box 

for  sprinkling  with  flour. 
Dreg'gy,    a.  Containing 

dregs. 
Dreg§,  n.  pi.     Lees  ;  refuse. 
Drench,  v.  t.     To  wet  thor- 
oughly.—  n.   A  draught;  a 

potion  of  medicine. 
Dress  (2),  v.  t.    [imp.  &  p.  p. 

DRESSED  ;      DREST.]        To 

clothe  ;    to  deck  ;  to  cook  ; 

to  cover  a  wound  ;  to  make 

straight. — n.  Clothes  worn  ; 

garments. 
Dr£ss'er,  n.    One  who  dress- 
es ;  a  kitchen  table  ;  shelves 

for  dishes. 
Dress'ing-robm,  n.    A  room 

to  dress  in. 
Dress'y,  a.    Showy  in  dress. 
Drib'ble,  v.  i.    To  slaver. 
Drib'blet,  )  n.  A  small  quan- 
Drlb'let,    J    tity;  petty  sum. 
Drift,   n.      Design ;    pile    of 

snow  or  sand.  —  r.  »'.  or  t. 

To  float ;  to  form  in  heaps. 
Drill  (1),  n.    A  tool  for  boring 

holes.  —  v.  t.     To  bore;  to 

train  by  exercise. 
Drill'-plow,      I  ii.      A  plow 
Drill '-plough, )      for  sowing 

in  drills. 
Drink,  v.  i.      [imp.  &  p.  p. 

DRANK.]  To  swallow  liquor. 

—  v.  t.  To  swallow  ;  to  im- 
bibe.— n.  Liquor  of  any 
kind  for  drinking. 

Drink'er,  n.  One  who  drinks. 

Drip,f.  i.    To  fall  in  drops. 

Drip'pings,  n.  pi.  Fat  fall- 
ing from  roasting  meat. 

Drive,  v.  t.  [imp.  drove  ; 
p.  p.  DRIVEN.]  To  urge  ;  to 
compel ;  to  carry  on.  —  v.  i. 
To  rush  on  ;  to  be  impelled. 


— n.  Excursion  in  a  carriage. 
Driv'el  (drlv'l,  8),  v.  i     To 

slaver  ;to  dote.  — n.  Slaver. 
Driv'el-er,    I  n.  A  simpleton; 
Driv'el-ler, )     a  dotard. 
Driv'en,  j>.  p.  of  Drive. 
Driv'er,  n.  One  who  drives. 
Driz'zle,  n.  Fine  rainormist. 

—  v.  i.      To   fall  in    small 
drops  or  fine  rain. 

Diiz'zly,  a.  Shedding  very 
small  drops. 

Droll,  h.     Comical ;  odd. 

Droll'er-y,  if.  Buffoonery; 
low  sport ;  idle  jokes. 

Drom'e-da-ry 
(drum'-),  n. 
A  camel  with 
one  hump  on 
the  back. 

Drone,  n.  The    _ 

male  bee  ;    a    Dromedary, 
sluggard.  —  v.  i.      To  live 
idjy. 

Droop,  r.  /.  To  pine  :  to  lan- 
guish ;  to  be  dispirited. 

Drop,  n.  A  globule  of  moist- 
ure ;  a  small  quantity  ;  an 
ear-ring  ;  part  of  a  gallows. 

—  v.  t.     To  fall  in  drops.  — 
v.  i.    To  let  fall.       [dropsy. 

Drdp'si-eal,  a.  Diseased  with 
Drop'sy,  n.   A  morbid  collec- 
tion of  water  in  the  body. 
Dr6ss,  ii.     Scum  of  metals. 
Dross'y.  a.     Full  of  dross. 
Drought,  I  n.     Dry  weather  ; 
Drouth,     )      dryness  ;  thirst. 
Drought'y  (drowt'-),  )      a. 
Drouth'y,  )    Dry  ; 

wanting  rain. 
D  rove ,  imp .  of  Drive .  —  n .   A 

number  of  cattle  driven. 
Drov'er,  n.    One  who  drives 

cattle. 
Drown,  v.  t.    To  suffocate  in 

water;  to  overflow.  —  r.   i. 

To  be  suffocated  in  water. 
Drowse,  v.  i.   To  grow  heavy 

with  sleep  :  to  doze. 
Drow'§i-ness,  n.    Sleepiness. 
Drow'gy,  a.     Sleepy  ;  heavy. 
Drub,  n.     A  thump;  a  blow. 

—  r\  t.    To  beat  soundly. 
Drudge,  v.   i.     To   labor  in 

mean   offices ;    to    toil ;     to 

slave.  —  n.  A  slave  to  work. 

Drudg'er-y,  n.     Hard  labor. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  9,  g,  soft ;  e,  g,  hard ;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  tin's. 


DRUG 

Drug,  n.  Any  substance  used 
in  medicine.  — v.  t.  To  ad- 
minister drugs  to.       [cloth. 

Drug'get,  ft.  A  course  woolen 

Drug'gist,  ft.  One  who  deals 
in  drag*.  [priest. 

Dru'id,  ft.     An  ancient  Celtic 

Drii-id'ie-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  Druids. 

Drum,  n.  A  military  instru- 
ment ;  part  of  the  ear.  — 
v.  i.     To  beat  a  drum. 

Drum'-ma/jor,  n.  The  chief 
drummer.  [a  drum. 

Drum'mer,  n.  One  who  beats 

Drum/stick,  ».  A  stick  for 
beating  drums. 

Drunk,  o.  Intoxicated;  in- 
ebriated,     [to  drunkenness. 

Drunk'ard,  n.    One  addicted 

Drunk'en,  a.     Intoxicated. 

Drunk'en-ness,  ».  Intoxica- 
tio.i ;  inebriation. 

Drupe,  n.  A  fruit  without 
valves,  as  the  plum. 

Dry  (13),  a.  Not  moist  ; 
thirsty  ;  sarcastic  ;  keen.  — 
v.     To  make  or  grow  dry. 

Dry'ad,  n.    A  wood-nymph. 

Dry'-gdods.  ft.  pi.  Cloths, 
&c,  in  "distinction  from 
groceries.  [castically. 

Dry'ly,  aJo.      Coldly  ;    sar- 

Dry'ness,  ft.  Want  of  moist- 
ure ;  thirst ;  drouth,      [her. 

Dry'-rdt,  n.    A  decay  of  tim- 

Du'al,  a.  Expressing  the 
number  two.  [two. 

Du-al'i-ty,  ».    State  of  being 

Dub,  '•.  t.  To  confer  a  title  on. 

Dd'bi-Olis,  a.  Of  uncertain 
issue  ;  not  clear  or  plain  ; 
doubtful.  [duke. 

Du'eal,  a.     Pertaining  to  a 

Duc'at,  n.  A  coin  of  several 
countries  of  Europe. 

Duch'ess,  n.  Wife  of  a  duke. 

Duch'y,  n.  Territory  of  a 
duke. 

Duck,  n.  A  water-fowl ;  a 
kind  of  canvas.  — v.  To 
plunge  under  water  ;  to  nod 
or  stoop. 

Duck'ing.  /?.  Immersion  of 
the  head  in  water. 

Duet,  n.  A  tube;  a  canal ;  a 
passage.  [ble. 

Due'tile,  a.  Easily  led  ;  flexi- 


94 

Due-til'i-ty,  n.  The  quality 
of  being  easily  extended. 

Dudg'eon.  (duj'un),  n.  A 
small  dagger:  malice. 

Duds,  ft.  pi.     Old  clothes. 

Due~a.  Owed;  owing;  prop- 
er. —  ado.  Directly  ;  exact- 
ly.—  n.  A  debt;  right; 
claim.  [two. 

Du'el,   n.      A  fight   between 

Du'el-ing,    I  n.  A  fighting  in 

Du'el-ling,  f      single  combat. 

Du'el-ist    l(8),rc.    A  frequent 

Du'el-list )      fighter  in  duels. 

Du-en'na,  n.    An  old  woman. 

Diiet',  u.  A  musical  piece 
for  two  performers. 

Dug,  n.  A  teat,  e.-pecially  of  a 
beast.  — v.,  imp.  Sep.  p.  of 
Di%.  [highest  rank. 

Duke,  n.    A  nobleman  of  the 

Duke'dom,  ft.  Estate  of  a 
duke.  [ous. 

Dul'get,  a.    Sweet ;  harmoni- 

Dul'gi-mer,  n.  A  musical  in- 
strument played  with  sticks. 

Dull,  a.  Stupid  ;  slow  ;  blunt. 
—  v.  t.  To  blunt;  to  stupe- 
fy.—  v.  i.  To  become  blunt. 

Dull'ard,  n.  A  stupid  person. 

Dull'ness,  f  n.    State  of  being 

Dul'ness,   \  dull. 

Du'ly,  ado.  Fitly  ;  properly. 

Dumb  (dum),  a.  Mute;  in- 
capable of  speech. 

Dumb'-bell  (dtim'-),  n.  A 
weight  for  swinging  in  the 
hands. 

Dumb'-show  (dam'-),  n. 
Gesture  without  words. 

Dump'ish,  a.  Stupid;  mop- 
ing, [small  pudding. 

Dump'ling,   n.     A   kind    of 

Dumps,  n.  pi.  A  moping 
state. 

Dump'y,  a.  Short  and  thick. 

Dun,  a.  Of  a  dark  color; 
gloomy;  obscure. — ft.  A 
dark  color;  a  clamorous 
creditor.  —  v.t.  To  u rge  for 
a  debt. 

Dunge,  ft.  A  blockhead  ;  dolt. 

Dun'-fish,  n.  Codfish  cured 
in  a  particular  manner. 

Dunsr,  ft.  Excrement  of  ani- 
mals ;  manure. 

Dun'geon  (dQn'jun),  n.  A 
close  prison. 


DYE 

Du'o,  n.     A  duet. 

Du'o-deg'i-mal,^.  Proceed- 
ing by  twelves. 

Du'o-deg'i-mo  (18),  n.  A  book 
with  12  leaves  to  a  sheet. 

Du'o-de'num,  n.  The  first 
of  the  small  intestines. 

Dupe,  ft.  One  easily  deceived. 

—  v.  t.  To  impose  on. 
Du'pli-cate,  v.  t.  To  double. 
Du'pli-eate,    n.      An    exact 

copy.  —  a.  Double  ;  twofold. 

Du'pii-ca/tion,  ft.  Act  of 
doubling. 

Du-plig'i-ty,  n.  Doubleness 
of  art  or  speech  ;  dissimu- 
lation'; deceit. 

Du'ra-bil'i-ty,  n.  Power  of 
lasting  without  perishing. 

Dd'ra-ble,  a.  Lasting;  per- 
manent. 

Du'range,  n.   Imprisonment. 

Du-ra'tion,?i.  Length  of  time. 

Du'ress,  or  Du-ress',  n.  Con- 
straint;  confinement. 

~Dxir'irig,prep.  Continuing. 

Durst,  imp.  of  Dare. 

Dusk',  a.  Slightly  dark  ;  dark- 
ish. —  n.  A  tending  to  dark- 
ness. 

Dusk'y,  a.  Partially  dark. 

Dust,  ft.  Very  fine  particles 
of  dry  earth. —  v.  I.  To 
brush  dust  from.  [dust. 

Dust'y,    a.      Covered    with 

Du'te-OUS,  a.  Fulfilling  duty  ; 
obedient ;  dutiful,      [duties. 

Du'ti-a-ble  (13).  a.  Subject  to 

Du'ti-ful,  a.  Obedient  to  par- 
ents ;  respectful. 

Du'ty  (19),  ».  What  one  is 
bound  to  perform  ;  military 
service  ;  obedience  ;  tax. 

Dwarf,  n.  A  person  or  plant 
beiow  the  common  size.  — 
v.  t.  To  hinder  from  grow- 
ing. —  a.  Below  the  natural 
size. 

Dwarfish,  a.  Below  the  usual 
size  ;  little  ;  low. 

Dwell,  r.  [imp.  dwelled, 
DWELT.]  To  live  in  a  place; 
to  inhabit ;  to  reside. 

Dwell'ing,  n.  A  mansion. 

Dwin'dle,  v.  i.  To  become 
less  ;  to  fall  away. 

Dye,  v.  t.    To  color  ;  to  stain. 

—  n.  Coloring  liquor  ;  tinge. 


i  o,  u,  y,  long;  ii,  e,  T,  o,  d,  y,  short ;  cure,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  Ore,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  llrm  ; 


DYEING 


95 


EDGE 


Dye'ing  (11),  p.  pr.  Staining. 

—  n.  Art  of  coloring  cloths. 
Dy'er,  n.    One  whose  trade  is 

to  color  cloths,  &c. 
Dy'ing  (12),  p.  pr.    Expiring. 

—  p.  a.  Pertaining  to  death. 
Dy-iiam'i€s,  n.  sing.    That 


branch  of  mechanics  which 
treats  of  bodies  in  motion. 

Dy'nas-ty,«.  A  race  of  kings 
of  the  same  family. 

Dys'en-ter'y,  n.  A  bloody- 
discharge  from  the  bowels, 
attended  with  griping  pains. 


Dys-pSp'sy,  \  n.  Indiges- 
Dys-pep'si-a,  )  tion,  or  diffi- 
culty of  digestion. 
Dys-pep'tie,  a.  Afflicted  with 
indigestion  or  relating  to  it. 
—  »t.  A  person  afflicted  with 
dyspepsy. 


E. 


T7  ACH,  a.    Every  one  sepa 

JCirately. 

Sa'ger,  a.    Keenly  desirous. 

Ea'gle  (18), 

n.    A  bird 

of  prey  ;  a 
_  gold  coin. 
Ea'glet,    n. 

A      young  Eagle. 

_  engle. 
Ear,  n.  The  organ  of  hearing; 

a  spike  of  corn.  —  v.  t,     To 
__  shoot  into  ears. 
Earl,  n.  A  nobleman  ranking 

below  a  marquis. 
Earl'ddm,  n.    Dignity  of  an 
_  earl. 

Ear'less,  a.    Without  ears. 
Ear'li-ness,  n.  State  of  being 
_  early  ;  seasonableness. 
Ear'ly,  a.   Being  in  good  time 

or    season  ;    soon.  —  adv. 
_Soon  ;  in  good  time. 
Earn,  v.  t.  To  gain  by  labor. 
Ear'nest,  a.  Eager  ;  diligent. 
■  — n.  Seriousness  :  pledge. 
Earn'ingg.  n.  pi.  The  rewards 

of  service.  [ear. 

Ear'-ring,  n.  Jewel  for  the 
Earth,  n.  Mold  or  fine  par- 
ticles of  the  globe  ;  the 
__  world  ;  land  ;  country. 
Earth'en,  a.  Made  of  earth 
__  or  clay.  [earth. 

Earth 'ly,   a.      Pertaining  to 
Earth'quake,  n.     A  shaking 
_  or  trembling  of  the  earth. 
Earth'y,  a.    Consisting  of,  or 
_  relating  to,  earth. 
Ear'- wax,  n.  A  thick  matter 
_  secreted  in  the  ear. 
Ear'wig,  n.  An  insect. 
Ease,  n.  Freedom  from  pain  ; 


Easel. 


rest  ;  facility.  —  v.   t.      To 
_  relieve  from  pain. 
Ea'sel  (o'zl),  n.    A 
_  painter's  frame. 
Ea§e'ment,        n. 
_  Ease  ;  relief. 
Ea'si-ly,of/','\Vith 
_  ease ;  gently. 
Ea'si-ness,         n. 

State     of     being 
_  easy  ;  ease. 
East,  n.     Quarter  where  the 

sun  rises.  —  a.    From  or  to- 
_  ward  the  rising  sun. 
East'er,  n .    Feast  of  Chrisfs 
_  resurrection. 
East'er-ly,  a.     Pertaining  to 

the  east.  —  adv.  Toward  the 
_  east.  [the  east. 

East'ern,  a.  Being  in  or  from 
East'ward,  adv.  Toward  the 
_  east. 

Ea'sy,  a.    Free  from  anxiety ; 
_  not  difficult. 
Eat,  v.   [imp.    ATE  ;    p.  p. 

eat,   eaten.]        To  take 

food  ;  to  feed  ;  to  consume  ; 
_  to  corrode. 

Eat'a-ble,  a.  Fit  to  be  eaten. 
_  —  n.  Any  thing  to  be  eaten. 
Eaves,  n.  pi.  Edges  of  a  roof. 
Eaves'drCp-per,  n.  An  in- 
sidious listener. 
Ebb(3),f.  i.    To  flow  back; 

to  decay  ;   to  decline  — ft. 
_  Reflux  of  the  tide  ;  decline. 
Ebb'-tide,n.  Reflux  of  a  tide. 
F.b'on,  a.  Like  ebony. 
Eb'on  y,  n.     A   hard,  heavy 

wood,  generally  black. 
E-bri'e-ty,  n.  Drunkenness. 
Eb'ul-H'tion     (-llsh'un),    n. 

Act  of  boiling. 


E<5-Qen'tri€,       1  a.  Deviating 

Ee-gen'tri-c-al,  I      from  the 

_  center  ;  irregular. 

Ee'gen-tric/i-ty,  n.  Devia- 
tion from  the  center  ;  ir- 
regularity, [man. 

E-e-€ie'§i-as'ti€,  n.  A  clergy - 

E€-ele'si-as'ti€,       I  a.    Ptr- 

Ee-ele'si-as'tie-al,  I  turning 

_  to  the  church  or  clergy. 

Ech'o  (18),  n.  A  sound  re- 
flected or  reverberated.  — 
v.  i.  or  I.  To  reverberate 
or  resound. 

E-elat'  (e-kla'),  n.  Striking 
effect ;  applause  ;  renown. 

Ee-lee'tie,  a.    Selecting. 

Ee-lSe'ti-gfsm,  n.  The  prac- 
tice of  selecting  from  differ- 
ent systems. 

E-elipse',  n.  Obscuration  of 
the  light  of  a  heavenly  body. 
—  v.  t.    To  darken. 

E-elip'ti-e,  n.   Apparent  path 

•  of  the  sun. 

Ee'ldgue,  n.  A  pastoral  poem. 

E'eo-nSm'Le-al,  a.  Saving  ; 
frugal  ;  thrifty.  [frugal. 

E-€6n'o-mist,  n.   One  who  is 

E-eon'o-mize,  v.  t.  To  use 
with  economy.  —  v.  i.  To 
be  economical. 

E-eSn'o-my,  n.  Frugal  use 
of  money  ormeans ;  manage- 
ment  of  any  undertaking. 

Ee'sta-sy,  n.  Excessive  joy  ; 
rapture  ;  enthusiasm. 

E-e-stat'i€,  a.  Transporting. 

Ee'u-men'i-e-al,^.   General. 

Ed'dy(19),  n.  Circular  mo- 
tion of  water.  — v.  i.       To 

_  move  as  in  an  eddy. 

Edge,  n.     Sharp  side;  keen- 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk ;  dm,  rije,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard ;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


EDGED 


96 


ELECT 


ness  ;     brink.  —  v.    t.      To 
w  sharpen. 

Edged  (ejd),  a.     Sharp. 
Edg'ing,  n.     A  narrow  lace  ; 
_  a  border.  [strument. 

Edge'-tdbl,  n.    A  cutting  in- 
Edge'wise,  adv.     In  the  di- 
^  rection  of  the  edge. 
Ed'i-ble,  a.  Fit  to  be  eaten. 
E'di-et,  n.  A  law  promulgated; 
„  a  decree. 

Ed'i-fi-ea'tion,  n.  A  build- 
_  log  up  ;  instruction.  [ure. 
Ed'i-fige,  n.  A  large  struct- 
Ed'i-fy,  !•.  t.  To  build  up  or 
_  instruct ;  to  improve. 
E'dile,  n.  A  Roman  magis- 
_  trate.  [lication. 

Ed'it,  t\  I.  To  prepare  for  pub- 
E-di'tion  (-dlslPun),  n.  Ini- 
„  pression  of  a  book. 
Ed'i-tor,  n.  One  who  edits,  or 
w  prepares  for  publication. 
Ed'i-to'ri-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
an  editor.  [an  editor. 

Ed'i-to\r-ship,«.    Business  of 
Ed'u-cate,  v.  t.  To  bring  up. 
—  Syn.  To  instruct ;  train  ; 
^  teach.  [cates. 

Ed'u-€a/tor,  n.  One  whocdu- 
Ed'u-ea'tion,    n.       Instruc- 
w  tion  ;  formation  of  manners. 
Ed'u-^a'tion-al,  a.    Pertain- 
ing to  education. 
E-duge',  r.  t.  To  draw  out ;  to 
elicit ;  to  extract,    [like  fish. 
Eel  (IS),  n.    A  kind  of  snake- 
Ef-fage',  v.  t.    To  scratch  or 
rub  out ;  to  erase,     [facing. 
Ef-fage'ment,  n.    Act  of  ef- 
Ef-fe€t',   n.     That  which   is 
done  ;  result ;  (pi.)  goods.  — 
v.  t.  To  bring  to  pass  ;  to  ac- 
complish. 
Ef-fe-et'ive,  a.  Able  for  serv- 
ice. —  SYN.    Efficient  ;  effi- 
cacious ;  active. 
Ef-fe€t'u-al,    a.     Producing 
effect.  [effect. 

Ef-ie-et'u-al-ly,   adv.      With 
Ef-fe€t'u-ate,  v.  t.    To  bring 
to  pass,  [delicacy. 

Ef-fem'i-na-gy,  n.  Womanish 
Ef-fem'i-nate,<7.  Womanish ; 

weak  ;  unmanly. 
Ef'fer-v^sge',  v.  i.     To  boil 
gently   and    throw   out    an 
elastic  gas. 


Ef/fer-ves'genge,  n.    Act  of 

„  effervescing. 
Ef'fer-ves'gent.  a.     Gently 

boiling  or  bubbling. 
Ef-fete',  a.  Barren  ;  worn  out. 
Ef/fi-ea'cious,a.   Productive 

of  effects.  [duce. 

Ef'fi~ea-gy,  n.  Power  to  pro- 
Ef-fi'cien-gy   (-fish'en-),    n. 

Power  of  producing  effect. 
Ef-fl'cient      (-fish'ent),      a. 
^  Producing  effect.       [person. 
Ijlf'fi-gy  (PJ),  11.     Image  of  a 
Ef'flo-resge',  v.  ?'.  To  form  a 

mealy   powder  on   the  sur- 
„  face. 
Ef'flo-res'genge,  it.    Act  of 

efflorescing  ;    production  of 

flowers ;   time  of  flowering  ; 

an  eruption. 
Ef/flo-res'gent,  a.    Shooting 
_  out  like  flowers. 
Ef'flu-enge,  n.  A  flowing  out. 
Ef-flu'vi-um,  n.  (pi.  Ef-fiu'- 

vi-a,  25  )  Exhalations  from 
w  putrefying  substances. 
Ef'flux,  n.    A  flowiug  out  ; 
^  effusion. 
Effort  ( effort),  1\.    Exertion 

of  strength  ;  endeavor. 
Ef-front'er-y,  n.  Impudence. 
Ef-ful'genge,  n.     A  flood  of 

light ;  luster. 
Ef-ful'gent,  a.   Shining  with 

a  flood  of  light ;  luminous. 
Ef-fu§e',  v.  t.  To  pour  out. 
Ef-fu'sion,  n.  A  pouring  out. 
Ef-fu'sive,  a.    Pouring  out. 
Eft,  n.    A  kind  of  lizard. 
Egg  (3),  n.     A  body  formed 

in  the  females  of  birds,  and 

some    other  animals,   from 

which   their  young  is  pro- 

duced. 
Eg'lan-tlne,  «.    The  sweet- 
_  brier  ;  the  honeysuckle. 
E'go-ti§m,  n.    Self-commen- 
_  dation  ;  vanity. 
E'go-tist,    n.       One    always 
_  talking  of  himself. 
E'go-tist'i-e,       I  a    Addicted 
E'go-tist'ie-al,  )   to  egotism  ; 

conceited  ;  full  of  self. 
E-gre'gious      (-gre'jus),     a. 

Remarkable ;  extraordinary. 
E-gre'gious-ly,  adv.     Enor- 
_  mously  ;  remarkably. 
E'gress,  n.  Act  of  going  out. 


E-gres'sion    (-gresh'un),    n. 

_  Act  of  going  out ;  egress. 

E'gret,  n.  The  lesser  white 
heron.  [to  Egypt. 

E-gyp'tian,   a.      Pertaining 

Ei'der-down(i/der-),n.  Soft 
feathers  of  the  eider  duck. 

Eight  (at),  a.     Twice  four. 

Eigh'teen  (a'teen),  n.  Ten 
and  eight;  twice  nine. - 

Eighth  (atth),  a.  Next  after 
the  seventh. 

Eighth'ly  (atthly),  adv.    In 

_  the  eighth  place. 

Ei'ther  (S'ther  or  Ptf  er),  a. 
or  pron.  One  or  the  other  ; 
one  of  two  ;  cat  h.  [out. 

E-jae'u-late,  v.  t.    To  throw 

E-ja-e'u-la'tion,  n.  A  short 
exclamation  or  prayer. 

E-ja€'u-la-to-ry,a.  Sudden- 
ly dartod  out. 

E-je-et',  v.  t.     To  cast  out. 

E-je-e'tion,??.   A  casting  out. 

E-jeet'ment,  n.      Ejection  ; 

_  a  writ  to  gain  possession. 

Eke,  v.  t.  To  increase;  to 
lengthen.  —  adv.  Also  ; 
moreover,  [duce  with  labor. 

E-lab'o-rate,  v.  t.      To  pro- 

E-lab'o-rate,  a.  Finished  with 
great  care.         [elaborating. 

E-lab'o-ra'tion,  n.    Act  of 

E-lapse',  r.  i.   To  pass  away. 

E-las'ti-e,  a.    Having  elastici- 

_  ty .  —  n.  A  kind  of  garter. 

E^as-tig'i-ty,  n.  The  proper- 
ty by  which  bodies  recover 
a  former  state  after  being 
bent  or  compressed. 

E-late',  «.  Flushed  with 
success.  — v.  I.    To  pull'  up. 

E-la'tion,  n.  Elevation  of 
mind;  vanity  ;  pride. 

El'b6w(18).»j.  The  bend  of 
the    arm.  —  !•.       'Jo    push 

^  with  the  elbow,  [with  arms. 

EPbow-chair,   n.      A   (hair 

Eld'er,    a.  Having    lived 

longer.  —  n.  An  older  per- 
son ;  an  ecclesiastical  officer ; 

^  a  kind  of  tree. 

Eld'er-ly,  a.     Somewhat  old. 

Eld'est,  a.  Oldest. 

EPe-eam-pane',  v.  A  plant 
whose  rout  has  a  pungent 
taste. 

E-le€t',  v.  t.      To  choose  for 


a.G.T^j,  u.y,  long ;  fi,  i,  1,6,  u,f,  short;  ofire,  car,iisk,  all,  wh;.t ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  p. que,  firm  ; 


ELECTION 

office  ;  to  prefer.  — a.  Chos- 
en. —  n.     One  chosen. 

E-le-c'tion,  n.  Power  of 
choosing ;  choice. 

E-lSe'tion-eer',  v.  t.  To 
make  interest  for  office. 

E-leet'ive,  a.  Relating  to,  or 
regulated  by,  choice. 

E-le-Ct'or,  n.  One  who  elects 
or  has  the  right  of  voting. 

E-lSct'or-al,  a.  Belonging 
to  an  elector  or  to  elections. 

E-le-e'trie,       I  a.  Pertaining 

E-ie€'trie-al,  )  to  electricity. 

E'le-e-trl'cian  (-trlslfan),   n. 

_  One  versed  in  electricity. 

E'lee-tric/i-ty,  n.  A  subtle 
natural  agent  or  power ;  sci- 
ence that  treats  of  this  agent. 

E-lSe'tri-fy,  v.  t.  To  com- 
municate electricity  to  ;  to 
excite. 

E-lee'tro-mag'net-ism,  n. 
Magnetism  produced  or  af- 
fected by  electricity. 

E-le€'tro-type,  n.  A  fac- 
simile in  metal  deposited  by 
an  electro  chemical  process. 

E-le-et'u-a-ry,  ».  A  me- 
dicinal confection  made  of 
powders. 

fipee-m6s'y-na-ry,  a.  Given 
in,  or  living  on,  charity. 

fil'e-gange,  n.     Quality  of  J 

being  elegant;  beauty  pro- 
_  duced  by  training  and  art.     j 

El'e-gant,  a.  Pleasing  by 
acquired  beauty  or  grace,      j 

E-Ie'gi-ae,  or  EPe-gl'a-e,  a.  j 
Belonging   to,  or   used  in,  ! 
w  elegy.  [egy. 

EPe-gPa<5-al,  a.    Used  in  el- 

El'e-glst,  n.  Writer  of  elegies. 

El'e-gy,  n.     A  fuueral  poem. 

El'e-ment,    n.      Constituent 
_  part  of  a  thing,     [elements. 

EPe-mSnt'al.a-     Relating  to 

El'e-ment'a-ry.a.    Primary. 

EPe-phant,  n 
Tfie  largest  of 
quadrupeds. 

El'e-vate,t-.  t. 
To  raise  to 

higher  place.       Elephant. 
_  —  Sv_\.     To  exalt :  elate. 

EPe-va'tion,n.     Act  of  rais- 
ing ;_a  high  station. 

El'e-va'tor,  n.     One  who,  or 


97 

that  which,  elevates  ;  a  con- 
trivance for  lifting  grain. 

E-lev'en,  n.     Ten  and  one. 

Elf,  n.  ( pi.  filves,  20.)     A  di- 

_  minutive  spirit. 

Elf'in,    I  a.       Pertaining    to 

Elfish, j     elves. 

E-lic/it,  v.  t.    To  draw  forth. 

EPi-gi-bil'i-ty,  n.    Fitness  to 

__  be  chosen  to  office. 

EPi-gi-ble,  a.  Capable  of  be- 
ing elected ;  desirable. 

E-Km'i-nate,  v  t.  To  cause 
to  disappear  from  an  equa- 
tion ;  to  set  aside  as  unim- 
portant ;  to  deduce. 

E-lIs/ion,  n.  The  cutting  off 
of  a  vowel. 

E-lix'ir,  n.  A  compound  tinct- 
ure or  medicine. 

Elk,  n.  A 
species  of 
stag. 


y,a.    irimary. 

^8 


lish  ell  is  forty -five  inches. 
El-Hpse'.n.    An 

oval  figure. 
El-lip'sis,_n.  (pi. 

El-lip'se§.)  In 

grammar,     the     Ellipse. 

omission  of  a  word  or  phrase. 
El-lip'ti€,       (  a.   Oval ;  hav- 
El-lip'ti€-al,  j      ing    a    part 
'.  omitted 
EPlip-tic/i-ty,  n.     Deviation 

from  the  form  of  a  circle  or 

sphere. 
Elm,  n.      A  kind  of  shade- 

tree. 
EPo-<su'tion,  n.    Pronuncia- 

tion  or  delivery  of  words. 
EPo-€u'tion-a-ry,  a.    Relat- 
ing to  elocution. 
EPo-€u'tion-ist.  n.   One  who 

is  versed  in  elocution. 
E  16n'gate  (-long'gate),  v.  t. 
_  To  draw  out  in  length. 
E'lon-ga'tiorijn.  A  lengthen- 
ing; distance. 
E-16pe',  v.  i.    To  run  away 

with  a  lover. 
E-16pe'ment,  n.  A  departure 
w  clandestinely. 
El'o-quenQe,     n.        Beauty, 


EMBASSY 

power,  and  appropriateness 
of  language. 

El'o-quent,  a.  Speaking  with 

_  eloquence  or  elegance. 

Else, /won.  Other;  beside. — 
adv.     Otherwise. 

Else' where,  adv.  In  some 
other  place. 

E-hl'gi-date,  v.  t.  Toexplain. 

E-lu'gi-da'tion,  n.  Explana- 
tion, [elucidates. 

E-lu'gi-da/tor,  n.    One  who 

E-lude',  v.  t.  To  escape  by 
stratagem.  —  SYN.  To  avoid; 
shun  ;  evade  ;  flee        [si on. 

E-lu'gion,  n.      Escape  ;  eva- 

E-lu'sive,    a.      Tending    to 

_  elude;  eluding. 

El'vish,  a.  Relating  to  elves ; 
elfish.      [Elysium  ;  blissful. 

E-lys/ian,  a.     Pertaining  to 

E-lys/i-um  (-Hzh'i-um),  n. 
In  mythology,  the  abode  of 
the  good  after  death  ;  any 
delightful  place. 

E-ma'ei-ate  (-ma'shi-),  v.  i. 
To  lose  flesh. 

E-ma/ci-a'tion(-sh!-:Pshun), 
n.     Act  of  becoming  lean. 

fim'a-nant,  a.  Emanating ; 
issuing.  [forth. 

Em'a-nate,  v.   i.      To    flow 

Em'a-na'tion,  n.  A  flowing 
forth  ;  that  which  flows. 

E-man'gi-pate,  v.  t.  To  frco 
from  servitude. 

E-marfQi-pa'tion,  n.  Act  of 
emancipating.  —  SvN.  Lib- 
eration ;  release ;  freedom. 

E-man'gi-pa/tor,  n.  One  who 
frees  from  slavery. 

Em-balm'  (-bam'),  v.  t.  To 
impregnate  with  aromatics. 

Em-bank',  v.  t.  To  inclose 
with  a  bank.  [or  bank. 

Em-bank'ment,  n.  A  mound 

Em-baf'gO  (18),  n.  Prohibi- 
tion of  vessels  from  sailing. 

Em-bark',  v.  t.    To  enter  on 

_  board  ;  to  engage. 

Enf  bar-ka/tion,  n.  A  going 
.on  board.  [plex. 

Em-bar'rass,  v.  t.     To  per- 

Em-bar'rass-ment,  n.  Per- 
plexity ;  pecuniary  distress. 

Em-bas'sa-dor,  n.  A  public 
minister  of  the  first  rank. 

Em'bas-sy,  n.      Duty  of  an 


eon,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  took;  Qrn,  rjje,  pull;  9,  g,  soft;  o,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


EMBED 


98 


ENAMEL 


embassador ;  persons  sent  as 
embassadors.  [a  bed. 

Em-bed',  V.  t.      To  lay  as  in 

Em-bel'lish,  v.  t.  To  make 
beautiful  by  adornment. 

Em-bel'lish-ment,  n.  Act  of 

w  adorning ;  decoration. 

Em'bers,  n.  pi.   Hot  cinders. 

Em-bez'zle,  V.  t.  To  appro- 
priate by  breach  of  trust. 

Em-bez'zle-ment,  n.  Unlaw- 
ful appropriation  of  what  is 
intrusted  to  one's  care. 

Em-bla'zon,  v.  t.  To  adorn 
with  figures  of  heraldry  ;  to 
deck  in  glaring  colors. 

Em-bla'zon-ry,  n.  Display  of 

^  figures  on  shields. 

Em'blem,  n.  A  picture  or 
representation  imaging 

forth  a  truth  ;  a  type. 

Em/blem-at'i€,      1  a.  Com- 

Em/blem-at'ic-al,  J  prising 
an  emblem. 

Em-bod'y,  v.  t.  To  form  into 
a  body ;  to  incorporate. 

Em-bold'en,  t\  t.  To  give 
courage  to. 

Em-bon-point'  (ong'bong'- 
pwong'),  n.  Plumpness  of 
person.  [protuberances. 

Em-b6ss',  v.  t  To  adorn  with 

Em-bou-ghure'  (ong'boo'- 
shur'),  n.  Mouth  of  a  river, 
cannon,  &c.  ;  mouth-hole 
of  a  flute,  &c. 

Em-bow'el  (8),  v.  t.  To  take 
out  the  bowels  of.  [a  bower. 

Em-bow'er,  v.  t.    To  place  in 

Em-brage',  v.  t.  To  clasp  in 
the  arms  ;  to  comprise.  — 
v.  i.  To  join  in  an  embrace. 
—  n.  _  Clasp  with  the  arms. 

Em-brace'ment,  n.  A  clasp; 
a  hug  ;  an  embrace 

Em-bra'sure 
(-bra'zhur), 
7i.  An  open- 
ing in  a  wall 
through 

which   can-  E  B(  Embrasures 
n  o  n    are      in  a  parapet. 
pointed. 

Em'bro-eate,  v .  t.  To  moisten 
and  rub,  as  a  diseased  part. 

Em'bro-ca'tion,  n.  a  moist- 
ening and  rubbing  with 
cloth,  &c,  a  diseased  part. 


m brace. 


Em-broid'er,  v.  t.  To  cover 
with  ornamental  needle- 
work, [needle-work. 

Em-broid'er-y ,  n.  Variegated 

Em-broil'  (S),  v.  t.  To  dis- 
turb ;  to  confuse. 

Em'bry-o  (18),  n.  First  rudi- 

_  nients  of  an  animal  or  plant. 

Em'en-da'tion,  n.  Correc- 
tion. 

Em'en-da/tor,  n.  One  who 
corrects  or  improves,     [ing. 

E-mend'a-to-ry,  a.   Ameud- 

Em'er-ald,  n.  A  precious 
stone  of  a  green  color. 

E-merge'.,  v.  i.  To  rise  out  of 
a  fluid. 

E-m5r'gen-gy,  n.  A  rising 
out  of  a  fluid  ;  a  sudden  oc- 
casion ;  pressing  necessity. 

E-mer'gent,a.  Rising  out  of 
a  fluid  or  the  like.  [of. 

E-mer'sion,  n.     A  rising'out 

Em'er-y,  n.  A  mineral  used 
in  polishing. 

E-met'ie,  «.  Producing  vom- 
iting. —  n.  A  medicine  that 

_  causes  vomiting.        [grates. 

Em'i-grant,  n.  One  who  emi- 

Em'i-grate,  v.  i.  To  remove 
from  one  country  or  state  to 

w  another  for  residence. 

Em'i-gra'tion,  n.    Act  of  re- 

^  moving  to  another  country. 

Em'i  nenge,  n.  Loftiness ;  dis- 

_  tinction  ;  a  title  of  cardinals. 

Em'i-nent,  a.  Exalted  in 
rank  or  public  estimation  ; 

_  distinguished ;  conspicuous. 

Em'i-nent-ly,  adv.  Conspicu- 

w  ously  ;  in  a  high  degree. 

Em'is-sa-ry,  n.  Secret  agent. 

E-mis'sion  (-mlsh'un),  n. 
Act  of  sending  out. 

E-mit'(T),  v.   t.  To  send  out. 

Em'met,  ft.    An  ant. 

E-mol'li-ate,  v.  t.  To  soften. 

E-moll'ient,  a.     Softening. 

E-mol'u-ment,  n.  Profit; 
advantage;  gain  in  general. 

E-mo'tion,  n.  Excitement  of 
the  feelings ;  agitation. 

Em-pale',  v.  t.  To  inclose 
with  pickets  ;  to  fix  on  a 
stake.  [paling. 

Em-pale'ment,  n.  Actofem- 

Em-per'il,  v.  t.  To  put  in 
peril. 


Em'per-or,  n.  Sovereign  of  au 
empire. 

Em'pha-sis,«.  Force  of  voice 

„  given  to  particular  words. 

Em'pha-size,  v.  t.  To  utter 
with  a  stress  of  voice. 

Em-phat'i-C,        (  a.  Forcible ; 

Em-phat'i€-al,  j  strong; 
uttered  with  emphasis. 

Em-phat'i€-al-ly,  adv.  With 

_  emphasis  or  force  ;  forcibly. 

Em'plre,  n.  Dominions  of  an 
emperor.  [A  quack. 

Em-plr'ie,  or  Em'pir-ie,  n. 

Em-pir'i€-al,  a.  Used  and 
applied  without  science. 

Em-pir'i-Qism,  n.  Quackery. 

Em-ploy',  v.  t.  To  use  ;  to 
exercise.  [employs. 

Em-ploy'er,    n.      One    who 

Em-ploy'ment,  w.  Business ; 
service  ;  occupation  ;  agency. 

Em-po'ri-um,  n.  A  place  of 
merchandise  ;  a  mart.    [ize. 

Em-pow'er,  v.  t.  To  author- 

Em'press,  n.  Wife  of  an  em 
peror,  or  a  woman  who  gov- 
erns an  empire. 

Em-pri§e',  n.    Enterprise. 

Emp'ti-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  empty ;  vacuity. 

Emp'ty  (13),  a.  Void;  not 
filled. — v.    To  exhaust;  to 

_  make  void.  [beer,  &c. 

Emp'ty-ing§,  n.  pi.     Lees  of 

Em-pyr'e-al,  a.     Formed. of 

„  pure  fire  or  light.  ^•^V 

Em'py-re'an,  n.  The  highest 
heaven,  thought  by  the  an- 
cients to  be  of  pure  fire.  — 

_  a.     Empyreal.  [equal. 

Em'u-late,  v.  t.    To  strive  to 

Em'u-la'tion,  n.    Puvalry. 

Em'u-la'tive,  a.  Inclined  to 
contend  for  superiority. 

Em'u-loiis,a.     Kivaling. 

E-mul'sion,  n.  A  softening 
medicine. 

E-mul'sIve,rt.    Mollifying. 

En-a'ble,  v.  t.  To  make  able. 

En-aet',  V.  t.  To  establish 
by  law.       [a  bill  into  a  law. 

En-a-et'ment,  n.     Passage  of 

En-a-et'or,  n.  One  who  enacts. 

En-am'el,  n.  Substance  im- 
perfectly vitrified ;  smooth, 
hard  covering  of  the  teeth. 
— v.  t.  To  cover  with  enamel. 


a,e,  i,  o,  u,y,  long;  $,,<i,i,  6,  u,y,  short;  care,  car,  ask,  ah, what;  Ore,  veil,  term;  pique,  firm; 


ENAMOR 


99 


ENJOIN 


En-am'or,  v.  t.  To  inflame 
with  love  ;  to  make  fond. 

En-eamp',  v.  To  form,  or 
form  into,  a  camp. 

En-eamp'mcnt,  n.  Act  of 
pitching  tents  or  forming  a 
camp  ;  a  camp. 

En-eaus'ti-c,  «.  orn.  Paint- 
ing in  heated  or  burnt  wax. 

En-chain',  v.  t.  To  fasten 
with,  or  hold  in,  a  chain. 

En-chant',  v.  t.     To  charm. 

En-chant'mcnt,  n.  Fascina- 
tion ;  irresistible  influence. 

Enchant'ress,  n.  A  woman 
who  enchants. 

En-Qha.se',  v.  t.  To  adorn  by 
embossed  work. 

En-Qlr'-ele,  r.  t.  To  inclose  by 
a  circle. —  Sy  n.  To  embrace  ; 
encompass;  surround. 

En-elit'i-e,       )  a.     Inclining 

En-€llt'i€-al, )  or  leaning 
upon. 

En-elose',  v.  t.    See  Inclose. 

En-^o'rni-ast,  n.  One  who 
praises  another. 

En--e6/mi-a3t'i-e,  a.  Contain- 
ing praise.  [gyi'ic. 

En-eo'mi-um  (18),  n.     Pane- 

En-eom'pass,  c.  t.  To  shut 
in ;  to  inclose. 

En~e6re'  (6ng-koV).  A  word 
used  to  call  for  a  repetition 
of  some  performance. 

En-eoun'ter,  n.  A  sudden 
meeting  ;  combat.  —  v.  t. 
To  meet  face  to  f;ice  or  sud- 
denly .  —  v.  i.  To  meet,  es- 
pecially as  enemies. 

En-eour'age,  v.  t.  To  give 
courage  to.  [citement. 

En-eour'age-ment,  h.    In- 

En-eour'a  ging,  a.  Favoring. 

En-eroach',  v.  i.  To  intrude 
on  another's  rights. 

En-eroach'ment,  n.  Unlaw- 
ful intrusion ;  inroad. 

En-eum'ber,  v.  t.  To  impede 
action  by  a  load  or  burden. 

En-eurn'brange,  n.  A  load  ; 
clog  ;  burden  on  an  estate. 

En-gy-e'li-e-al,  a.  Sent  to 
many  persons  ;  circular. 

En-gy'elo-pe'di-a,   In.      A 

En-Qy'-elo-pse'di-a,  (  work 
that  embodies  the  whole  cir- 
cle of  sciences. 


En-gy^st'ed,  a.    Inclosed  in  a 
_  cyst. 

End,  n.  Extreme  point :  ulti- 
mate object;    close;  death. 

—  v.  i.  To  come  or  bring 
to  an  end  ;  to  terminate. 

En-dan'ger,  v.  t.  To  put  to 
hazard.  [dear. 

En-dear',  v.   t.      To  render 

En-dear  'ment,  n.  That 
which  excites  affection. 

En-deav'or  (33),  n.  Effort ; 
attempt.  —  v.  i.     To  try. 

En-dem'i-e,  a.  Peculiar  to  a 
country  or  people. 

End'ing,  n.     Termination. 

End'less,  a.    Having  no  end. 

En-dorse',  v.  t.   See  Indorse. 

En-dow',  v.  t.  To  furnish 
with  dower,  or  with  a  fund. 

En-dow'ment,  n.  Act  of 
settling  a  fund  ;  dower :  tal- 
ents,     [endow.     See  Indue. 

En-due',  v.  t.    To  invest;  to 

En-dur'a-ble  (11),  a.  Capable 
of  being  endured  or  borne. 

En-dur'ange,  n.    Sufferance. 

En-durc',  v.  t.     To  continue. 

—  v.  t.    To  bear  or  undergo. 
En'e-my(lO),  n.    A  foe;  an 

adversary. 

En'er-get'i-e,      )  a.    Operat- 

En'er-get'i-e-al,  I  ing  with 
vigor.  —  Syn.  Forcible  ;  po- 

^  tent ;  active  ;  vigorous. 

En'er-gize,r.    To  act  or  em- 

■  ploy  with  energy. 

En'er-gy,   n.  Internal 

strength  ;  force  of  expres- 
sion .  —  Syn.    Vigor ;  spiri t. 

E-ner'vate,  v.  t.  To  deprive 
of  nerve  or  strength. 

En'er-va'tion,  n.  Act  of 
weakening. 

En-fee'ble,  r.  t.    To  weaken. 

En-fee'ble-ment,>/.  A  weak- 
ening ;  enervation. 

En-f6off*  {-feP),V'.  t.  To  in- 
vest  with  a  fee. 

En'fi-lade',  n.  A  straight 
line.  —  v.  t.  To  rake  with 
shot  through  the  whole 
length  of.  [execution. 

En-forge',  v.   t.    To  put  in 

En-forge'ment  (10),  n.  Act 
of  enforcing  ;  compulsion. 

En-fran'chise  (-chiz),  v.  t. 
To  set  free. 


En-fran'chlse-ment,  n.  Act 
of  setting  free. 

En-gage',  v.  To  bind;  to 
enlist;  to  encounter. 

En-gaged',  a.     Promised. 

En-gage'ment,  n.  Promise ; 
obligation  ;  a  battle. 

En-gag'ing,  a.  Attractive; 
winning. 

En-gen'der,  v.  t.  To  beget; 
to  procreate  ;  to  produce. 

En'glne,  n.  An  instrument 
of  action ;  machine. 

En'gin-eer',  n.  One  skilled  in 
mathematics  and  mechan- 
ics, and  who  superintends 
works  for  military  or  civil 
objects.  [engineer. 

Fn'gin-eer'ing,  n.  Art  of  an 

£n'gmc-ry,n.  A  combination 
of  _cngines. 

En-gird',  v.  t.   [imp.  &  p.  p. 

ENGIRDED,  ENGIRT.]      To 

encompass ;  to  encircle. 

JSn'glish  (Ing/glish),  a.  Per- 
taining to  England.  —  n. 
The  people  or  the  language 
of  England.  [grain. 

En-grain',  v.  t.    To  dye  in 

En-grave',  v.  t.  [imp.  en- 
graved; p.  p.  ENGRAV- 
EN.] To  cut  with  a  chisel 
or  graver.  [graves. 

En-grav'er.  n.    One  who  en- 

En-grav'ing,  n.  The  art  of 
engraving;  .  that  which  is 
engraved. 

En-grcss',  v.  t.  To  seize  cr 
buy  the  whole  of;  to  ab- 
sorb; to  copy  in  a  large, 
fair  hand. 

En-gross'er,n.  A  monopoliz- 
er; one  who  wiites  a  large, 
fair  hand. 

En-gross'ment,  n.  Act  of 
engrossing;  exorbitant  ac- 
quisition. 

En-gulf,  v.  t.  To  throw  in- 
to, or  absorb  in,  a  gulf. 

En-hange',  v.  t.  To  heighten, 
in  price  ;  to  aggravate. 

En-hange'ment,  n.  In- 
crease. 

E-nig'ma  (18),  n.    A  riddle. 

E'nig-mat'ie,      1   a.      Con- 

E'nig-mat'i-e-al,  j  taining  a 
riddle ;  obscure. 

En-join',  v.  t.   To  command  ; 


son,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  tub,  tdbk;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft, 


hard;  a<  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


ENJOY 


100 


EPHEMERAL 


to  order  ;  to  forbid  judicial- 
ly- 

En-joy',  v.  t.  To  feel  or  per- 
ceive with  pleasure  ;  to  pos- 
sess, [being  enjoyed. 

En-joy'a-blc,  a.     Capable  of 

En-joy'ment.  n.  Possession 
with  pleasure ;  fruition. 

En-km'dle,  v.  t.  To  set  on 
fire. 

En-large',  v.  To  swell ;  to 
Increase;  to  amplify. 

En-large'ment,  n.  Increase 
of  bulk :  release. 

En-llght'en  (AW n);  v.  t.  To 
illuminate;  to  instruct. 

En-list',  v.  To  enter  on  a 
list ;  to  enroll.  [listing. 

En-list'ment,  n.  Act  of  en- 
En- liv'en  (-llv'n),   v.  I.     To 

w  animate ;  to  chpcr.  [ity. 

En'mi-ty,  n.  Hatred  ;  hostil- 

En-no'ble,  v.  t.  To  make 
noble.  [ennobling. 

En-no'ble-ment,  n.    Act  of 

En-nu'i'  (ong-nwee'),  «•  Las- 
situde ;  languor. 

E-nor'mi-ty,  n.  Atrocious- 
ness ;  flagitious  villainy. 

E-nor'mous,  a.  Beyond  all 
natural  or  ordinary,  limits. 
— SYN.  Immense ;  excessive. 

E-nor'mous-ly,  adv.  Be- 
yond measure ;  atrociously. 

E-nough'  (e-nuP),  a.  Suf- 
ficient.—  n.  Sufficiency. — 
adv.     Sufficiently. 

En-quire',  v.  t.    See  Inquire. 

En-rage',  v.  t.  To  fill  with 
rage  ;  to  provoke  to  fury. 

En-rapt'ure(-rapt/yur),  v.  t. 
To  throw  into  rapture. 

En-rav'ish,  v.  t.  To  throw 
into  ecstasy  ;  to  enchant. 

En-rich',  v.  t.    To  make  rich. 

En-rlch'ment,n.  The  state  of 
being  enriched.        [involve. 

En-roll',  v.  t.  To  register;  to 

En-roll 'ment,  I  n.  A  register- 

En-roi'ment,  ling;  record. 

En-sam'ple,  n.   An  example. 

En-s-ednge',  v.  t.  To  shelter. 

En-shrine',  r.  t.  To  inclose  in 
a  chest ;  to  lay  up  choicely. 

En'si-form,  a.  Sword-shaped. 

En'slgn  (en'sln),  n.  A  stand- 
ard, or  the  officer  that  car- 
ries it ;  a  flag  ;  a  badge. 


!  En'slgn-gy  (-sin-),  n.    Rank  ; 
j      or  commission  of  an  ensign.  ; 
!  En-slave',  v.t.  To  deprive  of 
!      liberty  ;  to  subject. 
;  En-slave'ment,    n.      Servi-  { 
I      tudc ;  slavery. 
:  En-sue',  v.  i.     To  follow  as  a 
|      consequence  ;  to  succeed. 
j  En-sure'  (-shijr'),  v.   t.     See  j 
I       Insure. 
En-tab'la-ture,  n.  Part  of  a  ; 
I      column  over  the  capital. 
!  En-tail',  n.  An  estate  limited 
in  descent.  —  v.  t.  To  settle 
an  estate  so  as  to  descend  to 
a  particular  heir. 
En-tail'inent,  n.    Limitation 
of  an  estate  to  a  particular 
heir. 
En-tan'gle,  v.  t.  To  make  in- 
tricate ;   to  perplex ;  to  in- 
volve, [cy. 
En-tan'gle-ment,  n.  Intrica- 
En'tef  (8),  v.  t.  or  t.  To  go  or 
w  come  in  ;  to  embark  in. 
En'ter-prl§e,  n.    An  under- 
_  taking  ;  a  bold  attempt. 
En'ter-pris/ing,  a.,   Bold  or 

resolute  to  undertake. 
En'ter-tain',  v.  t.    To  treat 
w  with  hospitality ;  to  amuse. 
En'ter-tain'er,  n.    One  who 
w  entertains. 

En'ter-tain'ing,  a.  Amusing. 
En'ter-tain'ment,  «.  Hospi- 
tality ;  amusement. 
En-throne',  v.  t.  To  place  on 
a  throne.  [enthroning. 

En-throne'ment,  n.    Act  of 
En-thu'§i-asm,   n.      Ardent 
zeal  in  respect  to  some  ob- 
ject or  pursuit ;  heat  of  im- 
agination.   •       \ 
En-thvi'si-ast,  n.  One  whose 

imagination  is  heated. 

En-tlnVgi-ast'i-c,  a.     Full  of 

enthusiasm.  [evil. 

En-tlge',  v.   t.     To  incite  to 

En-tige'ment,  v.  The  act  or 

means  of  alluring. 
En-tire',  a.     Forming  an  un- 
broken whole. —  SYN.  Com- 
plete ;  unbroken  ;  full.     [lv. 
En-tlre'ly,  adv.  Wholly  ;  ful- 
En-tlre'ness,  I  n.    Fuilness  ; 
En-tire'ty.       J         complete- 
ness ;  wholeness,    [right  to. 
En-tl'tle,  v.  t.       To  give  a 


En'ti-ty,  n.  Real  existence. 

En-tomb'  (-to~bm'),  v.  t.  To 
.  deposit  in  a  tomb. 

En'to-moi'o-glst,  n.  One 
^  versed  in  entomology. 

En'to-mol'o-gy,  n.  Science 
_  or  description  of  insects. 

En'trails,  n.  pi.  The  bowels  ; 
intestines.  [coming  in. 

En'trange,  n.      A  going  or 

En-trange',  v.  t.  To  put  iuto 
a  trance  o;  into  ecstasy. 

En-trap',  v.  t.  To  catch  in  a 
trap1  [to  beg. 

En-treat',  v.  t.  To  supplicate ; 

En-treat'y,  n.  Urgent  prayer 
or  petition.  [age. 

En'try,  n.    Entrance  ;   pass- 

En-twlne',  \  v.  t.    To    twist 

En-twist',  )  round  ;    to 

wreathe.  [bcr. 

E-nu'mer-ate,  v.  t.  To  num- 

E-nu/mer-a/tion,  n.  A  num- 
bering, [onimr  up. 

E-nii'mer-a-tive,  a.     Reck- 

E-nun'ci-ate  (-nun'shi-),  v. 
t.    To  declare  ;  to  utter. 

E-nun/ci-a/tion  (-nun'shT-), 
n.   Utterance  of  words. 

En-vel'op,  v.  t.  To  cover  by 
wrapping   or  folding.  —  n. 

_  A  wrapper.  [cover. 

En'vel-ope.  n.  A  wrapper  ;  a 

En-vel'op-ment,  n.  A  wrap- 
ping or  enfolding. 

En-ven'om,  v.  t.  To  poison. 

En'vi-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
exciting  envy  ;  desirable. 

En'vi-ov.s,  a.    Feeling  envy  ; 

^  full  of  envy.  [envy. 

En'vi-ous-ly,    adv.       With 

En-vi'ro'ii,  v.  t.  To  surround. 

En-vi'ron-men;,  n.  Act  of 
surrounding. 

En-vi'ron§,  or  En'vi-ron§, 

^  v .  pi.  Places  around  a  town. 

En'voy,  n.  A  public  minis- 
tet  to  a  foreign  court. 

En'vy,  v.  t.  To  repine  at 
another's  good  ;  to  grudge. 
—  n.  Pain  excited  by  an- 
other's prosperity. 

E'pa-et,  n.  Excess  of  the  solar 

„  month  beyond  the  lunar. 

Ep'au-16t,       )  n.     A  knot  or 

Ep'au-lstte',  I  badge  worn 
ori  the  shoulder. 

E-phSm'e-ral,    a.      Lasting 


a, C,  1,(5,0,7,  Jons' ;  si)  S,i,  5,  ft,  y,  short;  care, car,  ask,  all, What;  Ore,  veil,  term  ;  p'.'que,  firm 


LPHEMERIS 

but  one  day,  or  for  a  very 

short  time. 
E-phem'e-ris,  n.  (pi.  Eph'e- 

mSr'i-des.)  An  astronomic- 
^  al  almanac.  [Jewish  priests. 
fiph'od,  n.  A  girdle  worn  by 
Ep'i€,  a.     Containing  heroic 

narration.  —  n.  An  epic  or 
w  heroic  poem. 

Ep'i-cure,    n.     A    luxurious 
^  and  dainty  eater. 
Ep'i-«u're-an,  a.  Luxurious ; 
„  seusual.  —  n.  An  epicure. 
Ep'i-eu-ri5m,  n.  Devotion  to 

luxurious  living. 
Ep'i-dem'i-e,  >  a.  Com- 
Ep'i-dem'i-e-al,  j  mon  ;  gen- 
;  erally  prevailing,  [disease. 
Ep'i-d&m'i-c,  n.  A  prevailing 
Ep'i-der'mis, ».  The  cuticle, 
fip'i-glot'tis,  ».     A  cartilage 

that  prevents  food  entering 

the  wind-pipe.        [ed  poem. 
Ep'i-gram,  n.  A  short,  poiut- 
Ep'i-gram-mat'ie,      I 
Ep'i-gram-mat'ie-al,  j 

Pointed;  poignant, 
fip'i-gram'ma-tist,    n.      A 

dealer  in  epigrams, 
fip'i-lep'sy,   ft.     The  falling 

sickness.  [epilepsy. 

Ep'i-lep'ti-e,  a.  Diseased  with 
Ep'i-Iogae  (J.og),  w.    A  short 

speech  or  poem  after  a  play. 
E-piph'a-ny,   n.     A   festival 

on  the  12th  day  after  Christ- 
mas. 
E-pis'eo-pa-QV,    n.     Church 

government  by  bishops. 
E-pIs'-eo-pal,a.  Pertaining  to 

bishops. 
E-pis'€0-pa'li-an,    n.      One 

who  adheres  to  episcopacy. 
E-pis'€o-pate,  n.    A  bishop- 
_  ric  ;  a  diocese. 
Ep'i-sode,  n.    An  incidental 

narrative  ;  a  digression. 
E-pis'tle  (e-pls'l),  n.  A  letter. 
E-pis'tola-ry,  a.    Contained 
__  in  letters.  [inscription. 

Ep'i-taph,  n.  A  monumental 
Ep'i-tbet,  ft.    An  adjective. 
E-pit'o-me    (18),    n.        An 

abridgment. 
E-pIt'o-mist,      )  n.   One  who 
E-mt'o-miz'er, J       abridges. 
E-pIt'o-mlze,    v.    t.  To 

abridge. 


101 

fip'o-eh,  n.  A  remarkable 
_  period  or  point  of  time.  ," 
Ep'ode,  n.  The  third  or  last 
_  part  of  an  ode. 
E'qua-bil'i-ty,n.  Uniformity. 
j  E'qua-ble,  a.  Equal  and  uni- 
]  _  form.  [formity. 

E'qua-bly,  adv.     With  uni- 
E'qual,  a.  Like  in  amount  or 
degree;  uniform.  —  n.   One 
of  the  same  age  or  rank.  — 
v.  t.  or  i.  (8)    To  make  or 
become  equal. 
E-qual'i-ty,  n.  State  of  being 
_  equal ;  uniformity  ;  likeness. 
E'qual-i-za'tion,  ft.     Act  of 
_  equalizing.  [equal. 

E'qual-ize,  f.  t.  To  make 
E'qual-ly,  adv.  In  the  same 
_' degree.  [of  mind. 

E/qua-nim'i-ty,  n.  Evenness 
Equa'ticn,  ft.  An  expression 
of  the  equality  of  two  quan- 
tities. 
E-qua'tor,  ft.  A  great  circle 
_  midway  between  the  poles. 
E'qua-to'ri-al,  a.    Pertaining 

to  the  equator. 
E-quer'ry,  I  n.  One  who  has 
Eq'ue-ry,    )     the  care  of  the 

horses  of  nobles  or  princes. 
E-ques'tri-an,  a.    Pertaining 
_  to  horses  or  horsemanship. 
E'qui-an'gu-lar,  a.    Having 
_  equal  angles. 

E'qui-dis'tant,**.  Beingatthe 
_  same  distance,  [sides  equal. 
E'qui-lat'er-al,**.  Having  the 
E'qui-Hb'ri-ty,  ft.  Equality 
_  of  weight ;  equilibrium. 
E'qui-lib'ri-um,  n.  Equi- 
_  poise.  [horses. 

E'qulne,    a.     Pertaining    to 
E'qui-no-e'tial,  n.    The  celes- 
tial equator. —  a.  Pertaining 
_  to  the  equinox. 
E'qui-ndx,  ft.  The  time  when 
the  days  and  nights  are  of 
equal  length.  [arm. 

E-quip',  v.  t.  To  dress ;  to 
Eq'ui-page,  n.    Retinue,  as 

horses,  carriages,  &c. 
E-quip'ment,~^K~  Act  of 
equipping  ;  apparatus  fur- 
_  nislied.  [weight  or  force. 
E'qui-poise,  n.  Equality  of 
E'qui-pon'der-ange ,  n . 

Equality  of  weight. 


E'qui-pori'der-ant,  a.  Hav- 
ing the  same  weight. 

Eo  Vi-ta-bli'.,'r;.  "t-ivin-j  «r 
iis[  o..-ed-  So-givj  ■  each  Ai» 
due. 

Eq'ui-ta-bly,  adv.  Impartial- 

w  \y  ;  justly. 

Eq'ui-ty  (ek'wl-ty),  n.  Jus- 
tice ;  impartiality. 

E-quiv'a-leriQe,  ft.  Equality 
of  value. 

E-quiv'a-lent,  a.  Equal  in 
value.  —  ft.  That  which  is 
equal  in  value  or  worth. 

E-quIv'o-eal,  a.  Ambiguous ; 
doubtful. 

E-quIv'o-eate,  t\  i.  To  use 
words  of  double  meaning. 

E-quIv'o-ca'tion,  u.  Am- 
biguity of  speech. 

E-quiv'o-ea'tor,  ft.   One  who 

-  equivocates. 

Eq'ui-voke,    )  ft.  An  ambig- 

Eq'ui-voque,  j      uous  term  ; 

_  a  quibble. 

E'ra  (18),  n.  A  point  or  period 
of  time  from  which  to  com- 
pute. 

E-ra/di-a'tion,  n.  Emission 
of  rays  or  beams  of  light. 

E-rad'i-€ate,  v.  t.  To  root 
out.  [rooting  out. 

E-rM'i-ca'tion,  n.    Act  of 

E-ras'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  erased. 

E-rase',  v.  t.  To  blot  out  ;  to 
efface ;  to  rub  or  scrape  out ; 
to_ob]itcrate. 

E-ras'ure(-ri/zhijr),  n.  Act  of 

^  erasing  or  rubbing  out. 

Ere  (ar),  adv.  Before  ;  sooner 
than. — prep.    Before. 

E-re€t',  a.  Upright ;  perpen- 
dicular; bold. —  v.  l.  To 
build :  to  establish. 

E-re-e'tion,  n.  A  setting  up- 
right ;  act  of  building. 

Ere'16ng  (ar'long),  adv.  Be- 
fore  a  long  time. 

Er'got,  n.  A  protuberance  on 
a  horse's  leg ;  an  excres- 
cence  on  grain  ;  a  spur. 

Er'mine,  n. 
An  animal 
allied  to  the 
weasel  ;  fur 
of  the  ani- 
mal. Ermi 


son,  or,  dQi  ^7olf,  tob,  tcTok  ;   urn,  rue,  pull ;  9,  g,  soft  /  c,  g,  hard ;  aj  ;  exist ;  u  as  ng ;  this. 


■EBOSIGN 

E-ro'sion,  n.  An  eating  ; 
I  erucer. 

Err,  v-J-   \;mp  i-RRtD.j  To 

'  wander  ;   to  mis:ake 

Er'rand,  n.  A  message,    [ing. 

Er'rant,  a.  Wandering  ;  rov- 

Er'rant-iy,  n.    Errant  state. 

Er-rat'i-e,  a.     Wandering. 

Er-ra'tum,  n.  (pi.  Er-ra'ta, 
25).  Error  or  mistake  in 
printing  or  writing.       [Err. 

Err'ing,  p.  pr.  &  p.  a.  from 

Er-ro'ne-ous,  a.  Wrong ; 
false.  [mistake. 

Er-ro'ne-ous-ly,    adv.      By 

Er'ror,  n.    A  mistake  ;  blun- 

"-  der  ;  sin. 

Erst,  adv.  At  first ;  long  ago. 

Er'u-bes'cent,^.  Red;  blush- 

_  ing ;  ruddy. 

Er'ue-ta/tion,**.  A  belching. 

Dtr'u-dite,  a.     Learned. 

Er'ii-di'tion  f-dYsh'un),  n. 
Knowledge  ;  learning. 

E-rup'tion,  n.  A  breaking 
forth  ;  pustules  on  the  skin. 

E-rup'tive,  a.  Bursting  out; 
•  having  eruption. 

EVy-sip'e-las,  n.  A  kind  of 
fever  in  which  the  skin  is 

^inflamed. 

£Vy-si-pel'a-tous,  a.  Re- 
■  sembling  erysipelas. 

EV-ea-lade',  n.  A  scaling  of 
walls.  —  v.  t.  To  mount  by 
ladders. 

Es-cape',  v.  t.  To  avoid;  to 
shun  by  flight. — v.i.  To 
hasten  away.  —  n.  Act  of 
avoiding ;  flight. 

Es-c  ape 'merit,  n. 
Part  of  a  time- 
piece which  regu- 
lates    its     move- 

w  ments. 

Es'-cha-rSt'i-e,  a. 
Caustic. — 11.  A 
caustic  applica- 
tion. 

Es-cheat',  n.  A  fall- 
ing of  lands  to  the  lord  of 
the  fee  or  to  the  state  for 
want  of  heirs.  [avoid. 

Es-chew',  v.  t.     To  shun  or 

ftrZ-eort,  n.     A  guard. 

Es-cort',  v.  t.  To  attend  and 
guard .  [writing  desk. 

EV-eri-toir'    (-twor'),   n.    A 


U 


102 

Es'-eu-lent,  a.  Good  for  food. 

Es-«utch'eon 
-(-kutch'un),  n.  A 

J  shield  or  coat  of 
arms. 

Es'o-ter'i-c,  a.  Secret.     Es- 

Es-pal'ier,»i.  A  frame  cutch- 
for  trait-trees.  eon- 

Es-pe'cial  (-pesh'al),  a.  Prin- 
cipal ;  chief;  peculiar.     Ll.V. 

Es-pe'cial-ly,  adv.  Peculiar- 

Es'pi-on-age.  n.    Practice  of 

w  em  ploying  spies. 

Es'pla-nade',  n.  An  open 
space  before  a  fortification  ; 
a  sloping  grass-plat. 

E3-pous/al,  n.  Act  of  espous- 
ing ;  (pi. )  betrothal  or  mar- 
riage ceremony. 

Es-pous-3',  v.  l.  To  betroth  ; 
to  marry  ;  to  embrace. 

Es-py',  v.  t.   To  see  ;  to  spy. 

Es-quire',«.  A  title  of  magis- 
trates and  gentlemen.  —  v. 
t.     To  wait  on  ;  to  attend. 

Es-say',  v.  t.    To  attempt. 

Es'say,  n.     A  trial ;  a  short, 

_  informal  treatise. 

Es'say-ist,  or  Es-say'ist,  n. 

_  A  writer  of  essays. 

Es'senge,  n.  The  nature  of 
a  thing  ;  perfume ;  scent.  — 
v.  t.     To  perfume. 

Es-sen'tial,  a.  Necessary  to 
existence.  —  n.  Constituent  | 
principle.  [sarily. 

Es-s§n'tial-ly,  adv.     Neces- 

Es-tab'iish,  v.  t.  To  fix  ;  to 
settle  firmly. 

Es-tab'lish-ment,  n.  Settle- 
ment ;  confirmation  ;  place 
of  residence  or  business. 

Es-tate',  n.  Condition  ;  prop- 
erty, especially  in  land. 

Es-teem',  v.  t.  To  value  ;  to 
regard  :  to  think  highly  of. 
■  — n. 'High  value  in  opinion. 

Es'ti-ma-ble,  a.  Worthy  of 
esteem.  [value  on. 

Es'ti-mate,  v.   t.     To  set  a 

Es'ti-mate,  ft.     Calculation  ; 

_  value  set. 

Es'ti-ma'tion,  n.  A  valuing; 
esteem;  honor;  opinion. 

Es-t6p',  v.  i.  To  bar  ;  to  Im- 
pede ;  to  stop  the  progress 
of.  [admission. 

Es-t6p'pel,  n.     A  conclusive 


EULOGIZE 

Es-trange',  v.  t.  To  alienate. 

Es-trange'ment,  n.  Aliena- 
tion, [ing  or  lost. 

Es-tray',  n.  A  beast  wander- 

Est'u-a-ry,  n.  An  arm  of  the 

-  sea  ;  a  frith. 

Etch,  v.  t.  To  engrave  with 
the  aid  of  some  strong  acid. 

Etch'ing,  n.  Impression  from 
etched  copperplate. 

E-ter'nal,  a.  Having  no  be- 
ginning nor  end. —  n.  The 
Deity  ;  God.  [ly. 

E-ter'nal-ly,  adv.  Perpetual- 

E-ter'ni-ty,     n.        Duration 

_  without  beginning  or  end. 

E'ther,  n.  A  subtle  fluid 
supposed  to  fill  all  space  ;  a 
kind  of  very  volatile  fluid. 

E-the're-al,  a.  Consisting  of 
ether :   heavenly. 

E-the're-al-ize,  v.  t.  To  con- 

_  vert  into  ether. 

Fth'i-e,       )  a.      Relating    to 

?:th'i-e-al,  )      morals. 

fith'i-e-al-ly,  adv.  According 
_  to  ethics. 

Eth'i-es,   n    sing.     The    sci- 

_  ence  of  moral  philosophy. 

E'thi-5p,  )  n.     A  native 

E'thi-c'pi-an,  )    of  Ethiopia ; 

w  a  negro. 

Fth'ni-e,        )   a.      Belonging 

Eth'ni-e-al,  I  to  races ;  hea- 
then ;  pagan. 

Eth-n6g'ra-phy,  n.  A  de- 
scription of  the  different 
races  of  men. 

Eth-nol'o-gy,  v.     A  treatise 

_  on  the  natural  races  of  ir. en. 

E'ti-o-late,    v.   i.  or    /.    To 

_  whiten.  [of  ceremony. 

Et'i-quette'  (-kit'),*.  Forms 

Et'y-mo-log'ic-al,  a.   Relat- 

^  ing  to  etymology. 

Et'y-moi'o-gist,     n.        One 

^  versed  in  et\  mology. 

Et'y-mSI'o-gy^t.  Derivation 

^  of  words.  [word. 

Et'y-m6n,    n.      A   primitive 

Efi'cha-rist,  n.  The  Lord's 
supper. 

Eu'lo-glst,  11 .  One  who  praises 
or  commends. 

Eu/lo-gis'ti-C,  a.  Containing 
praise  ;  commendatory. 

Efi'lo-glze,  v.  t.  To  'praise 
by  eulogy  ;  to  commend. 


:,  1, 5,  u,  y,  long ;  a,  e,  I,  o,  ti,  y , short ;  cure,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm ; 


EULOGIUM 


103 


EXCHANGE 


Eu-lo'gi-um  (18),  n.     Com- 
mendation; praise 
Eu'lo-gy,  n.   Marked  or  stud- 
ied praise.  —  SYN.    Encomi- 
um ;  panegyric ;  laudation. 
Eu'nueh,  n.     A  male  human 
being    who    has    been    un- 
manned. 
Eu'phe-mism,  n.    A  delicate 
word  or  expression  used  for 
one  that  is  offensive. 
Eu-phon'i€,        )  a.     Having 
Eu-phon'i€-al,  [      a    sound 
Eu-ph5'ni-ous, )      agreeable 

to  the  ear. 
Eu'pho-ny,  n.    An  agreeable 

combination  of  sounds. 

Eu'ro-pe'an,    a.    Pertaining 

to  Europe. — n.    A  native 

of  Europe. 

Eu-than'a-sy,  n.  Easy  death. 

E-vae'u-ate,  v.  t.    To  make 

empty ;  to  quit, 
E-vae'u-a/tion,    n.  .Act  of 
evacuating ;  withdrawal.     * 
E-vade/,  v.  t.     To  avoid;  to 
I  elude;  to  slip  away. 
Ev'a-nes'genge,  n.    A  grad- 
_  ual  vanishing. 
Ev'a-nes'gent,  a.  Vanishing; 
_  fleeting;  passing  away. 
E'van-gel'ie-al.  a.    Accord- 
ing to,  or  contained  in,  the 
gospel. 
E-van'gel-i§m,  n.     Promul- 
gation of  the  gospel. 
E-van'gel-ist,   n      One  who 

preaches  the  gospel. 
E-van'gel-ize,  v.  t.    To  in- 
struct    in    the    gospel    of 
Christ. 
E-vap'o-rate,  v.  i.    To  pass 

off  in  vapor  ;  to  waste. 
E-vap'o-ra'tion,  n.    Conver- 
sion of  a  fluid  into  vapor. 
E-va'sion,       n.        Artifice  ; 

equivocation. 
E-va'sive,  a.    Using  evasion. 
Eve,  n.     Evening. 
E'ven    (e'vn),     a.        Level  ; 
smooth  ;  uniform  ;  parallel ; 
fair;    not  odd. —  v.    t.     To 
make    level    or    smooth.  — 
adv.    Exactly  ;  at  the  very 
.  time  ;  so  much  as. 
E'ven-ing  (S'vn-),   n.    Close 
of  the  day ;    beginning  of 
night. 


E-vent',  n.  That  which  hap- 
pens.—  Syn.  Incident;  is- 
sue ;  end  ;  result. 

E-vent'ful,  a.  Full  of  inci- 
dents.   '  [tial ;  fiual. 

E-vent'u-al,  a.    Consequen- 

E-vent'u-ate,  v.  i.  To  issue; 

_  to  close.  [ways. 

Ev'er,  adv.  At  any  time  ;  al- 

Ev'er-glade,n.  Land  covered 
-  by  water  and  grass. 

Ev'er-green,  a.  Always 
green.  —  n.       A     plant    or 

_  shrub  always  green. 

Ev'er-last'ing,  a.  Continu- 
ing  without  end ;  eternal. 

Ev'er-more',  adv.  Eternally. 

Ev'er-y,  a.  Each  one  of  a 
•  whole.  [places. 

Ev'er-y-whSre,  adv.    In  all 

E-vi-et',  v.  t.  To  dispossess 
by  judicial  process. 

E-vi€'tion,  n.    Dispossession. 

Ev'i-denge,  n.  That  which 
proves  or  shows  facts  ;  tes- 
timony ;  witness. — v.  t.  To 

_  show  ;  to  prove. 

Ev'i-dent,  a.    Clear;  plain. 

E'vil  (5'vl),  a.     Ill ;  wicked. 

—  n.  Calamity  ;  wicked- 
ness. —  adv.     Injuriously. 

E-vinge',  v.  t.    To  prove  ;  to 

show  in  a  clear  manner. 
E-vis'ger-ate,  v.  t.    To  take 

out  the  bowels  of: 
E-voke',  c  t.    To  call  forth. 
Ev'o-lu'tion,  n.    Act  qf_un- 
I      folding  ;  prescribe<Tor  regu- 
!      lar  movement. 
~S--v61ve',  v.  t.    To  unfold. 
I  Ewe  (yj) ),  n.  A  female  sheep. 
,  Ew'er  (yu/er),  n.     A  pitcher 
|  I  with  a  wide  spout.        [tate. 
fexj-ag/er-bate,  v.  t.    Toirri- 
/E^ag'er-ba'tion,     n.    '  III- 
.  creased  violence  of  a  disease. 
Sx-aet',    a.      Minutely  cor- 
rect'or  regular;  punctual. 

—  Syn.  Accurate;  precise; 
methodical;  careful.  —  v.  t. 
To  demand  ;  to  require  ;  to 
extort.  [ing. 

Ex-ae'tion,  n.  Act  of  extort- 
!  Ex-a-et'ly,  adv.  Accurately. 
|  Ex-aet'ness,  ».  Accuracy. 
,  Ex-itet'or,  n.  One  who  ex- 
acts. 
I  Ex-ag'ger-ate,    v.     t.      To 


heighten  unduly  in  repre- 
sentation. 

Ex-ag'ger-a'tion,  n.  A  rep- 
resentation beyond  truth. 

Ex-alt',  v,  l.     To  lift  high. 

Ex'al-ta'tion,  n.  A  raising  ; 
elevation.  [lime. 

Ex-alt'ed,«.  Dignified;  sub- 

Ex-anVi-na'tion,  n.  In- 
quiry ;  inspection  ;  search. 

Ex-am'ine,  v.  t.  To  inspect ; 
to  search  into  ;  to  question. 

Ex-am'in-er,n.  One  who  ex- 
amines. 

Ex-am'ple,  n.    A  pattern. 

Ex-as'per-ate,v.  t.  To  make 
very  angry  ;  to  enrage. 

Ex-as'per-a'tion,  n.  State 
of  being  exasperated. 

Ex'ea-vate,  v.  t.     To  make 

w  hollow. 

Ex'-ea-va'tion,  n.  A  making 
hollow.  [excel. 

Ex-geed',  v.    To  surpass;  to 

Ex-geed'ing,  a.    Very  great. 

Ex-geed'ing-ly,  adv.  To  a 
great  degree  ;  very  much. 

Ex-gel'  (7),  v.    To  surpass: 

w  to  exceed. 

Ex'gel-lenge  (7),  n.  Supe- 
rior  goodness ;  eminence. 

Ex'gel-len-gy,  n.  A  title  of 
w  honor.        [value  ;  eminent. 

Ex'gel-lent,  a.   Having  great 

Ex'gel-lent-ly,  adv.  In  an 
excellent  degree. 

Ex-g§pt',  v.  t.  To  take  out ; 
to  exclude.  — prep.  Not  in- 
cluding. 

Ex-gept'ing,  prep.  Taking 
or  leaving  out ;  except. 

Ex-gep'tion,  n.  Exclusion; 
,  thing  excluded  ;  objection. 

Ex-gep'tion-a-ble ,  a .  Liable 
to  objections.        [exception. 

Ex-gep'tion-al,  a.    Forming 

Ex-ge^pt',  n.    An  extract. 

Ex-gess',  n.  More  than 
enough  ;  intemperance. 

Ex-gess'Ive,  a.  Exceeding 
just  limits ;  extreme. 

Ex-g6ss'ive-ly,  adv.  Ex- 
ceedingly. 

Ex-change',  v.  t.  To  give 
for  something  else.  —  n. 
Act  of  bartering ;  balance 
of  money  ;  place  where 
merchants  meet. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk  ;  Urn,  rue,  pull;  c,  g,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


EXCHANGEABLE 


104 


EXIT 


Ex-change'a-ble,a.  Capable 
of  being  exchanged. 

Ex-cheq'uer,  n.  A  court  in 
England  that  has  charge  of 
the  public  treasury. 

Ex-cjse',  n.  An  inland  duty 
or  impost  on  goods.  —  v.  I. 
To  lay  a  duty  on. 

Ex-cjse'man  (21),  n.  One 
WttO  inspects  excised  goods. 

Ex-cjs/ion  (-sizh'un),  n.  Ut- 
ter destruction. 

Ex-cJ'ta-bil'i-ty,  n.  Capacity 
of  being  easily  excited. 

Ex-Ql'ta-ble,  a.     Capable  of 

_  being  roused  into  action. 

Ex'gl-tl'tion,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
citing, [rouse. 

Ex-Qlte',  v.  tl     To   stir;  to 

Ex-Qit'ing,  p.  a.  Producing 
excitement. 

Ex-glte'ment,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
citing ;  agitation. 

Ex-elaim\  r.  I.    To  cry  out. 

Ex'ela-ma'tion,  n.  A  loud 
outcry  ;  a  mark  [!],  noting 
some  emotion. 

Ex-elam'a-to-ry,  a.  Using 
or  containing  exclamation. 

Ex-elude',  v.  t.  To  shut  out. 

Ex-€lu'sion,  n.    Rejection. 

Ex-€lu'sive,  a.  Shutting 
out ;  not  including. 

Ex -elu'sive-ly,  adv.  To  the 
exclusion  of  others. 

Ex-€lu'sive-ness,  n.  State 
of  being  exclusive.         [out. 

Ex-eSg'i-tate,  v.  t.  To  think 

Ex'-eom-mu'ni-eate.r.  t.  To 

_  exclude  from  communion. 

Ex'eom-mu'ni-ea'tion,  n. 
Act  of  excommunicating. 

Ex-co'ri-ate,  v.  t.  To  flay  ; 
to  strip  off  the  skin  of. 

Ex-eo'ri-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
stripping  off  the  skin. 

fix'-ere-ment,  n.  Matter  dis- 
charged from  the  body- 

Ex-eres'genqe,  n.  Preter- 
natural growth. 

Ex-erete',  v.  t.  To  discharge 
through  the  pores. 

Ex-ere'tion,  n.     Separation 

w  of  animal  matters. 

Sx'ere-tive,    \    a.     Tending 

^x'-ere-to-ry,  j      to  excrete. 

E  :'ere-to-ry,  n.  A  little 
duct  for  discharging  a  fluid. 


I  Ex-€ru'ci-ate  (-shPat),  v.  t. 
I      To  torture. 

j  Ex-eru/ci-a/ting   (-shl-),    a. 
|      Distressing  ;  very  painful. 
|  Ex-eru/ci-a'tion  (-krjj'shl-), 
!      n.     Torture. 

Ex-eul'pate,  v.  t.    To  clear 

w  from  fault  or  guilt. 

Ex'-eul-pa'tion,  n.  Act  of 
clearing  from  blame. 

Ex-eul'pa-to-ry,  a.  Clearing 
from  blame. 

Ex-eur'sion,  n.    A  ramble. 

Ex-eur'sive,  a.    AVandering. 

Ex-eus'a-ble,  a.  Capable  or 
worthy  of  being  excused. 

Ex-euse'  (-ku*'),  v.  t.  To 
pardon  ;  to  judge  leniently. 

Ex-€use'  (-kQs'),  n.  Apolo- 
gy  ;  that  which  excuses. 

Ex'e-era-ble,  a.  Detestable; 
hateful.  [bly. 

Ex'e~era-bly,  adv.    Detesta- 

Ex'e -erate.  v.  t.    To  curse. 

Ex'e-cra'tion,  n.  Iinpreca- 
tiou  of  evil. 

Ex'e-eute,r.  t.  To  carry  into 
effect ;  to  put  to  death  by 
law  ;  to  complete.  —  SYN. 
To  accomplish  ;  effect ;  ful- 

„fill;  finish.  [ecutes. 

Ex'e-cut'er,  n.    One  who  ex- 

Ex'e-cu'tion,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
ecuting. 

Ex'e-eti'tion-er,  n.  One  who 
puts  to  death  by  law. 

Ex-ec'u-tive,  a.  Carrying 
into  effect. — n.  Person  or 
power  that  executes  the  law. 

Ex-Se'u-tor,  n.  One  who  set- 
tles the  estate  of  a  testator. 

Ex-&€'u-to-ry,a.  Performing 
official  duties.        [executor. 

Ex-Se'u-trlx,  n.      A  female 

Ex'e-ge'sis,  n.  Science  of 
interpretation.  [ry. 

ftx'e-gSt'i-e-al,  a.  Explanato- 

Ex-Sm'plar,  n.    Copy  ;  pat- 
tern, [way  of  example. 

Ex'em-pla-ri-ly,  adv.      By  j 

Ex'em-pla-ry,  a.  Serving  as 
a  pattern  ;  worthy  of  imita- 
tion. 

Ex-Sm'pli-fi-ea'tion,  n.    II-  j 
lustration    by  example ;    a 
copv.        [trate  by  example, 

Ex-gm'pli-fy,  v.  t.    To  illus- 

Ex-Smpt',  a.     Free. — v.   t 


To  free  from.  —  n.  One  who 
is  not  subject,     [immunity. 

Ex-emp'tion,  n.     Freedom  ; 

Ex'e-qua/tur,  n.  A  written 
recognition  of  a  person   aw 

^  consul. 

Ex'e-quies  (Cks'e-kwTz),  n. 
pi.     Funeral  solemnities. 

Ex'er-cJ§e,  n.  Use ;  perform- 
ance; activity;  a  lesson.  — 
v.  t.  To  use;  to  practice; 
to  keep  busy. — r.  i.  To 
take  or  use  exercise. 

Ex-ert',  v.  t.  To  use  strength 
or  effort.  [iiig ;  effort. 

Ex-er'tion,  n.    Act  of  excrt- 

Ex-fo'li-ate,  v.  i.  To  scale  off. 

Ex-fo'li-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
scaling  off. 

Ex'ha-la'tion.n.    Vapor. 

Ex-hale',  v.  t.  To  send  out,  as 
vapor.  — v.  i.     To  eiiiit. 

Ex-h^ust',  v.  t.  To  drain  to 
emptiness;  to  empty. 

Ex-haus'tion,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
hausting, [exhausted. 

Ex-haust'less,  a.     Not  to  be 

Ex-hi'b'it,  v.  t.  To  display  ; 
to  show.  —  n.  A  paper  to 
prove  facts.  [dibits. 

Ex-hib'it-er.  n.  One  who  ex- 

Ex'hi-bi'tion  (-blsh'un),  n. 
A  setting  forth ;  public 
show. 

Ex-hil'a-rate, «?.  t.  To  make 
cheerful ;  to  enliven. 

Ex-hiPa-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
exhilarating. 

Ex-h6rt',  v.  t.     To  advise. 

Ex'hor-ta'tion,  ».  Good  ad- 
vice, [to  exhort 

Ex-hor'ta-to-ry,  a.    Tending 

Ex-hort'er,  n.  One  who  ex- 
horts. 

Ex'hu-ma'tion,  n.  A  dig- 
ging up,  as  from  the  grave. 

Ex-hume',  *.  t.    To  dig  up, 

w  as  from  a  grave. 

Ex'i-genge,    1  ».    Necessity  ; 

Ex'i-gen-gy,  1  pressing  want. 

Ex'ile,  n.  Banishment ;  a 
person  banished.  —  v.  t.  To 
banish ;  to  transport. 

Ex-ist',  v.  i.  To  be  ;  to  live  ; 
to  derive  support. 

Ex-ist'enge,  n.    Being  ;  life. 

Ex-ist'ent,  a.  Having  being. 

fix'it,  n.     Departure  ;  death. 


u,  y,  long ;  S,  6, 1,  o,  Q,  y,  short ;  care,  car,ask,  jdl,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pique,  Hrni ; 


EXODUS 

£x'o-dus,  n.  Departure  from 
a  place ;  the  second  book  in 
the  Bible. 

Ex-6n'er-ate,  v.  t.  To  un- 
load ;  to  free  from  a  charge. 

Ex-dn'er-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
exonerating. 

Ex-or'bi-tange,  n.  Extrava- 
gance ;  enormity. 

Ex-6r'bi-tant,  a.    Excessive. 

Ex'or-cjse,  v.  t.  To  expel,  as 

_  evil  spirits  by  conjuration. 

Ex'or-Qism,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
orciticg. 

Ex-6r'di-um,  n.  Introduc- 
tion, prcf.ice,  or  preamble. 

Ex-6t'i€,  a.  Foreign.  —  n. 
A  foreign  plant. 

Ex-pand',  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
open  ;  to  spread  ;  to  dilate. 

Expanse',  n.  Wide  extent 
of  space  or  body . 

Ex-pan'si-bil'i-ty,  n.  Ca- 
pacity of  being  expanded. 

Ex-pan'si-ble,«.  Capable  of 
beiug  expanded. 

Ex-pan 'sion,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
panding ;  extent. 

Ex-pan'slve,  a.    Spreading. 

Ex-pa'ti-ate  (-shi-:.t),  v.  i. 
To  rove ;  to  wander  ;  to  en- 
large ;  to  descant.  [ish. 

Ex-pa'tri-ate,  r.  t.    To  ban- 

Ex-pa'tri-a'tion,  n.  Banish- 
ment; exile. 

Ex-pset',  v.  t.  To  look  or 
wait  for  ;  to  anticipate. 

Ex-peet'an-gy,  n.  A  state 
of  waiting. 

Ex-p§€t'ant,    a.      Waiting ; 

_  looking  for.  [ing  for. 

Ex'pee-ta/tion,  n.      A  wait- 

Ex-pe-e'to-rant,  a.  Promot- 
ing discharges  from  the 
lungs  or  throat.  —  n.  A 
medicine  that  promotes  such 
discharges. 

Ex-p-5-e'to-ratc,  v.  t.  To  dis- 
charge from  the  lungs  or 
throat. 

Ex-pe-e'to-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
expectorating. 

Ex-pe'di-ence,    )  n.  Fitness ; 

Ex-pe'di-en-(jy, )    propriety. 

Ex-pe'di-cnt,  a.  Fit ;  prop- 
er ;  advisable.  —  n.  Means 
to  an  end  ;  shift ;  device. 

fix'pe-dlte,  v.  t.    To  hasten 


105 

forward ;  to  render  easy.  — 
a.  Free  of  impediment ; 
expeditious. 

Ex'pe-di'tion,  n.  Haste  ;  dis- 
patch  ;  voyage ;  enterprise. 

Ex'pe-di'tious  (-dish' us),  a. 

_  Done  witii  dispatch. 

Ex'pe-di'tious-ly  (-dish'us-), 
adv.     With  expedition. 

Ex-pei'  (7),  v.  t.  To  drive  or 
force  out ;  to  banish. 

Ex-pgnd',  v.  t.  To  spend  for 
an  object :  to  lay  out. 

Ex-pen'di-ture,  n.  Act  of 
spending;  sum  expended. 

Ex-p3nsc',  n.    Cost ;  charge. 

Ex-pen'sive,  a.  Costly  ;  dear. 

Ex-pe'ri-ence,  n.  Trial  or 
repeated  trial,  or  the  in- 
struction thus  gained. — r.  t. 
To  try  ;  to  know  by  practice. 

Ex-pe'ri-engcd  (-enst),  p. 
a.  Taught  by  experience  ; 
versed. 

Ex-per'i-ment,  ft.  Trial ;  es- 
say.—  v.i.    To  make  trial. 

Ex-per'i-ment'al,**.  Fouud- 
ed  on  experiment. 

Ex-per'i-ment'al-ly,  adv. 
By  experiment;  by  trial. 

Ex-pert',  a.  Skillful;  dex- 
terous.—  n.  One  who  is 
-j  skillful.         [being  expiated. 

Ex'pi-a-ble,  a.    Capable  of 

fix'pi-ate,  v.  t.  To  atone  for, 

_  as  a  crime.         [satisfaction. 

Ex'pi-a'tion ,n.   A tonement ; 

Ex'pi-a-to-ry,  a.  Making  ex- 

w  piation. 

Ex'pi-ra/tion,  n.  Act  of 
breathing  out ;  end. 

Ex-plre',  v.  t.  [imp.  ex- 
pired.] To  breathe  out.  — 
v.  i.    To  die. 

Ex-plain',  r.  t.  To  illustrate ; 
•to  make  plain. — v.  i.  To 
_  give  explanations. 

Ex'pla-na'tion,  n.  Act  of 
making  plain,      [to  explain. 

Ex-plan'a-to-ry,  a.    Serving 

Ex'ple-tive,  n.  A  word  in- 
serted  to  fill  a  space. 

Ex'pli-ea-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
'  being  explained. 

Ex'pli-cate,  v.  t.  To  unfold  ; 
to  explain  ;  to  show. 

Ex'pli-ca'tion,  n.  An  expla- 
nation. 


EXPRESSION 

Ex'pli-ca/tive,    )  a.  Tending 

Ex'pli-ca'to-ry,  (  to  explain. 

Ex-plig'it,  a.  Clear  ;  plain  ; 
express  ;  not  obscure. 

Ex-piig'it-ly,  adv.  Clearly. 

Ex-plode',  r.  i.  To  burst 
with  a  loud  report. — v.  t. 
To  bring  into  disrepute. 

Ex-plcit',  tr.  A  heroic  deed. 

Ex'plo-ra'ticn,  n.  Act  of 
exploring. 

Ex-pior'a-to-ry.  a.  Search- 
ing, [examine. 

Ex-plcre',  r.  t.  To  search  ;  to 

Ex-plc'sicn,  n.  A  tudden 
bursting  with  a  lord  noise. 

Ex-plc'sive,  a.  Dining  or 
bursting  with  force. 

Ex-po'ncnt,  «-.  The  index  of 
a  power  in  algebra. 

Ex-pcrt',  v.  t.    To  transport 

_  from  onecountry  to  another. 

Ex'pcrt,  n.  A  commodity 
sent  abroad. 

Ex'pcr-ta'ticn,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
porting, [ports. 

Ex-pcrt'er,  n.    One  who  cx- 

Ex-pc  se',  v.  t.  To  lay  open  or 
bare;  to  put  in  danger. 

Expose  (tx'po-za'),  n.  A 
formal  statement  or  exposi- 
tion.  . 

Ex'po-sji'ticn  (-zTsn'un),  n. 
Explanation  ;  interpreta- 
tion. 

Ex-p6s'i-tcr, «.  An  interpret- 
er ;  expounder.        [explain. 

Ex-po§'i-tc-ry,a.   Serving  to 

Ex-p6st'u-late,  v.  i.  To  re- 
monstrate earnestly. 

Ex-pdst'u-la'ticn,  n.  Act  of 
expostulating. 

Ex-post'u-la-to-ry,  a.  Con- 
taining expostulation. 

Ex-pcs'ure.  n.  Act  of  expos- 
ing, or  state  of  being  ex- 
posed. 

Ex-pcund',  v.  t.  To  explain. 

Ex-pound'er,  n.  One  who 
explains  or  interprets. 

Ex-press',  v.  I.  To  press  out ; 
to  utter  in  language  ;  to 
make  known.  —  SVN.  To 
declare:  indicate;  exhibit. 
—  a.  Plain  :  direct.  —  n.  A 
special  messenger  or  convey- 
ance. 

Ex-pres'sion  (-presh'un),  n. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk ;  urn,  rye,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  €,  g,  hard;  a^  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


EXPRESSIVE 


106 


EYRY 


A  pressing  out  ;  mode  of 
speech.  [express. 

Ex-press'ive,  a.    Adapted  to 

Ex-press'ive-ly,  adv.  With 
force.  [terms. 

Ex-press'ly,  adv.     In  direct 

Ex-pugn'  (-pun^,  v.  t.  To 
take  by  assault.        [pelling. 

Ex-pul'sion,  n.    Act  of  ex- 

Ex-pul'sive,  a.  Having  pow- 
er to  expel. 

Ex-punge',  v.  t.  To  blot  out. 

Ex'pur-gate,  or  Ex-pur'- 
gate,  v.  t.     To  cleanse  ;  to 

_  purify  ;  to  expunge. 

Ex'pur-ga'tion,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
purgating, [ing. 

Ex-pur'ga-to-ry,  a.    Purify- 

Ex'qui-§ite,  a.  Very  fine  ;  ex- 

_  cellent ;  keenly  felt.   * 

Ex'qui-site-ly,a</v.  Nicely. 

Ex-sic'cant,  a.  Tending  to 
dry. 

£x'si€-eate,  or  Ex-sve'-cate, 
v.  t.    To  dry.  [ing. 

Ex'sie-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of  dry- 

Ex'tant,  a.  Now  in  being  ; 
existing. 

Ex-tem'po-ra/ne-ous, )    a. 

Ex-tem'po-ra-ry,  )    Ut- 

tered without  previous 
study.  , 

Ex-tem'po-re,  a.  or  adv. 
Without  previous  study. 

Ex-tem'po-rize,  v.  i.  To  ut- 
ter without  study. 

Ex-tSnd',  v.  To  stretch  out  ; 
to  spread ;  tp  reach. 

Ex-ten'si-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  s&fended. 

Ex-ten'si-bll'i-ty,  n.  Quali- 
ty of  being  extensible. 

Ex-ten'siofa,  n.  Act  of  ex- 
tending ;  enlargement. 

Ex-ten'sive,  a.  Large  ;  of 
great  extent..        *    [largely. 

Ex-ten'sive-ly,  adv.  Widely  ; 

Ex-tent\  n   Space;  compass. 

Ex-ten'u-ate,  v.  t.  To  palli- 
ate, [tion. 

Ex-tSn'uj-a/tion,  n.    Pallia- 

Ex-te'ri-ior,  a.  Outward ;  for- 
eign.—  n.  The  outside;  the 
surface. 

Ex-ter'mi-nate,  r.  t.  To 
drive  away  ;  to  root  out. 

Ex-ter'mi-'na'tion,  n.  De- 
struction. 


Ex-ter'mi-na'tor,  n.  One  who 
exterminates. 

Ex-ter'nal,  a.  Outward. 

Ex-ter'nal§,  n.  pi.  Outward 
parts  or  rites.  [ended. 

Ex-tlnct',  a.    Extinguished; 

Ex-tin-e'tion,n.  Destruction. 

Ex-tin'guish  (-tlng'gwish), 
v.  I.  To  quench  ;  to  destroy. 

Ex-tln'guish-a-ble,  a.  Ca- 
pable of  being  extinguished. 

Ex-tin'guish-er,  *»■•  A  uten- 
sil to  put  out  caDdles. 

Ex-tin'guish-ment,  n.  A 
putting  out  or  quenching. 

fix'tir-pate,  or  Ex-tlr'pate, 
v.  *.     To  root  out. 

Ex'tir-pa'tion,  n.  The  act  of 
looting  out. 

Ex-tdl'  (8),  v.  t.  To  praise 
greatly. 

Ex-tort',  v.  t.  To  exact  un- 
lawfully ;  to  wrest. 

Ex-tor'tion,  n.  Unlawful  ex- 
action, [ive. 

Ex-tor'tion-ate,  a.  Oppress- 

Ex-tor'tion-er,  n.  On«  who 
practices  extortion. 

Ex'tra-et,  n.  A  substance 
drawn  from  another ;  a  pas- 
sage from  a  book. 

Ex-traet',  v.  t.  To  draw  out ; 
to  take.  [out ;  lineage. 

Ex-trae'tion,  a.    A  drawing 

Ex'tra-di'tion  (-dlsh'un),  n. 
Delivery  on  the  part  of  one 
government  to  another  of  an 

w  accused  person. 

fix'tra-ju-di'cial  (-dish'al), 
a.  Out  of  the  regular  course 
of  law  [not  intrinsic. 

Ex-tra'ne-ous,  a.    Foreign  ; 

Ex-traor'di-na-ry  (-tror'-  or 
-tra-or'-),  a.  Uncommon. 

Ex-trav'a-ganQe,  n.  Excess ; 
prodigality. 

Ex-trav'a-gant,  a.  Exceed- 
ing due  bounds ;  lavish  in 
expenses.  —  SYN.  Exces- 
sive ;  prodigal ;  wasteful. 

Ex-trav'a-sate,  v.  t.  To  let 
out  of  the  proper  vessels,  as 
blood. 

Ex-trav'a-s&'tion,  n.  A  let- 
ting out  of  the  proper  ves- 
sels^ 

Ex-treme',  a.  Outermost ; 
utmost;  greatest;    highest. 


—  n.  Utmost  limit ;  extrem- 
ity, [most  degree. 

Ex-treme'ly,  adv.  In  the  ut- 

Ex-trem'ist  (11),  n.  A  sup- 
porter of  extreme  doctrines 
or  practice. 

Ex-trem'i-ty,  n.  Utmost 
point  or  degree  ;  necessity. 

Ex'tri-ca-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  extricated. 

Ex'tri-eate,  v.  t.  To  disen- 
tangle  ;  to  set  free. 

Ex'tri-ca/tion,  v.  Act  of  ex- 
tricating ;  disentanglement. 

Ex-trm'si€,       )  a.  Outward ; 

Ex-trm'si€-al, )      external. 

Ex-trude',t\<.  To  thrust  out. 

Ex-trii'sion,  n.  Act  of  thrust- 
ing  out.       [ous  abundance. 

Ex-u'ber-ance,  n.    Superflu- 

Ex-u'ber-ant,  a.  Luxuriant ; 
over -abundant. 

Ex-u'ber-ant-ly,  adv.  Over- 
abundantly ;  luxuriously. 

Ex'u-da'tion,  n.  The  act  of 
sweating  out. 

Ex-ude',  v.  t.  To  discharge 
through  the  pores:  —  v.  i. 
To  flow ;  to  issue  forth. 

Ex-ult',  v.  i.  To  rejoice 
greatly. 

Ex-ult'ant,  a.    Rejoicing  in 

w  triumph. 

Ex'ul-ta'tion,  n.  Great  joy. 

Eye  (i),  n.  The  org;:n  of 
sight.  —  v.  t.   To  observe. 

Eye'ball,  n.    Ball  of  the  eye. 

Eye'bfow,  n.  Hairy  arch 
over  the  eyes. 

Eye'-glass,  n.  A  glass  to  as- 
sist the  sight.  [lid. 

Eye'lash,  n.  Hair  on  the  eye- 

Eye'less  (T'less),  a.  Having 
no  eyes  ;  blind.  [cord. 

Eye'let,  n.  A  hole  for  lace  or 

Eye'-serv'ant,  n.  A  servant 
that  requires  watching. 

Eye'slght(-slt),  n.  Sight  of 
the  eye. 

Eye'sore,  n.  Something  of- 
fensive to  the  sight. 

Eye'-tooth  (21).  n.  An  upper 
tooth  next  the  grinders. 

Eye'-wit'ness,  n.  One  who 
saw  what  he  testifies. 

Ey'rie  }  (a'ry),  n.     A  placo 

Ey'ry  )  where  birds  of  prey 
build  and  hatch. 


a,u,I,o   u,y, long;  a,e,I,  6,  u,  y,  short;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere, veil,  turm  ;  p'.'que,  firm ; 


IF  ABLE' 


Urn) 


FAMED 


R 


FA'BLE,  n.  A  fictitious 
6tory  enforcing  a  useful 
truth. — v.  I.  To  feign  ;  to 
fabricate ;  to  lie. 

Fab'ri-e,  n.  A  building  ;  a 
manufactured  article. 

Fab'ri-eate,  v.  t.  To  con- 
struct ;  to  manufacture  ;  to 
devise  falsely. 

Fab'ri-ea/tion,  n.  Act  of 
fabricating  ;  construction. 

Fab'ri-ca'tor,  n.  One  who 
constructs  or  forms. 

Fab'u-list,  n.  One  who  writes 
or  invents  fables. 

Fab'u-lous,  a.  Feigned  ;  in- 
vented ;  unreal ;  false. 

Fa-gade'  (-sad7  or  -slid'),  n.  A 
front  elevation  of  a  building. 

Fage,  (18),  n.  Yisage  ;  front ; 
principal  surface ;  boldness. 
—  v.  t.    To  meet  in  front. 

Fac/et,  n.  A  little  face  ;  a 
small  surface.  [witty. 

Fa-c,e'tious,  a.     Humorous; 

Facial  (fi'shal),  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  face. 

Fac/Ile,  a.  Easy  to  be  done, 
or  to  yield.  — SYN.  Pliant; 
flexible ;  ductile. 

Fa-Qil'i-tate,  v.  t.  To  make 
easy. 

Fa-cjd'i-ty,  n.  Ease  ;  easi- 
ness ;  (pi.)  means  to  render 
easy. 

Fac/ing  (11),  n.  A  covering 
in  front.  [ness. 

Fac-sim'i-le,  n.    Exact  like- 

Fa-et,  n.  An  act ;  deed  ;  real- 
ity ;  circumstance. 

Fa-c'tion,?!.  A  small  political 
party  ;  a  cabal :  a  clique. 

Fa-e'tious,  a.  Given  to  fac- 
tion. 

Fa-e-ti'tious  (-tTsh'us),  a. 
Made  by  art;  artificial. 

Fae'tor,  n.  An  agent  in  trade. 

Fae'tor-age ,  n .  Commission 
allowed  to  a  factor. 

Fa-e'to-ry,  n.  Mouse  of  a  fac- 
tor ;  body  of  factors  ;  a 
manufactory. 


Fa-e-to'tum,  n.  A  servant  em- 
ployed in  all  sorts  of  work. 

Fae'ul-ty,n.  Power  of  the 
mind  ;  ability ;  power  ;  offi- 
cers of  a  college  ;  members 
of  a  profession. 

Fade,  v.  i.  To  wither  or  de- 
cay ;  to  lose  color. 

Fas'geg.     See  Feces. 

Fag,  v.  i.     To  become  weary. 

—  v.  t.  Tocompel  to  drudge. 
Fag'-end',  n.  Untwisted  end 

of  a  rope;  refuse. 

Fag'ot,  n.  A  bundle  of  twigs. 

Fail,  v.  i.  To  decay  ;  to  per- 
ish ;  to  miss  ;  to  become 
insolvent. — v.  t.  (4)  To 
desert  ;  to  disappoint ;  to 
omit  — n.  Omission. 

Fail'ure  ( fiVy  ijr).  n.  Defect ; 
act  of  becoming  insolvent. 

Fain,  a.  Glad.  —  adv.  Gladly. 

Faint,  a.-  Weak  ;  languid.  — 
v.  i.  To  swoon  ;  to  sink  from 
loss  of  strength. 

Faint'ly,  adv.  Feebly  ;  weak- 
ly- 

Faint'ness,  n.  State  of  being 
faint ;  feebleness. 

Fair,  a.  Free  from  blemish, 
perversion,  &c. ;  of  a  light 
shade.  —  SYN.  Pure  ;  frank  ; 
honest  ;  equitable.  —  adv. 
Openly  ;  frankly  ;  civilly  ; 
justly.  —  n.  A  stated  mar- 
ket. —  The  fair,  the  female 
sex.  [ly. 

Fair'ly,  adv.  Openly  ;  honest- 

Fair'ness,  n.  State  of  being 
fair. 

Fair'y  (19),  n.  A  fabled  spirit. 

—  a.  Belonging  to  fairies. 
Faith,  n.      Belief ;   object  of 

belief;  creed;  fidelity. 

Faith'ful  (17),  a.  Firm  to  the 
truth  ;  loyal ;  exact :  true. 

Faith'ful-ly.  adv.    Honestly. 

Faith'fiil-ness,  n.  Finn  ad- 
herence to  truth  or  trust. 

Faith'less,  a.    Without  faith. 

—  SYN      Treacherous;  un- 
believing; disloyal;  false. 


Fal'-cate,      )  a.    Bent  like  a 

Fal'eat-ed,  J     sickle. 

Fal'chion  (fawl'chun),  n.  A 
short,  crooked  sword. 

Fal'-eon  (faw' 
kn),  n.  A  hawk 
trained  for 
sport. 

Fal'-eon  -  er 
(faw'kn-), 
One  who  trains 
hawks  for  tak- 
ing wild  fowl.  Falcon- 

Fal'€on-ry  (faw'kn-ry),  n. 
Art  of  training  hawks  ; 
practice  of  taking  game  by 
means  of  hawks. 

Fall  (1)  v.  i.  [imp.  FELL,  ; 
p.p.  FALLEN.]  To  drop; 
to  decline  ;  to  happen  ;  to 
apostatize  —  n.  Descent  ; 
degradation  ;  decrease  ;  ca- 
dence ;  cataract;  autumn. 

Fal-35/cious,  a.     Deceitful. 

Fa'/la-cy,  n.  Deceitfulness  ; 
deception  ;  sophistry. 

Fallen  (fawln),  p.  p.  from 
Fall.  [to  err. 

Fal'Ii-bil'i-ty,  n.    Liableness 

Fal'li-blc,  a.    Liable  to  err. 

Fall'ing-sick'ness,  n.  Epi- 
lepsy. 

Fal'low,  a.  Pale  red,  or  yel- 
low; plowed  hut  not  sown. 
—  n.  Land  left  untilied. 

False,  a.  Not  true  ;  counter- 
feit ;  hypocritical. 

False'ly,  adv.    Erroneously. 

False'hobd,  I  n.      Want    of 

Fals'i-ty,  )  truth  or  ve- 
racity ;  a  false  assertion. 

Fal-set'to,  n.  A  kind  of 
voice  in  man  above  his  nat- 
ural voice.  [hood. 

Fal'si-fi— ea/tion,  n.     False- 

Fal'si-fy.  v.  t.  To  counter- 
feit ;  to  prove  to  be  false.  — 
v.  i.     To  tell  lies. 

Fal'ter,  V.  i.  To  hesitate  in 
speech  ;  to  waver.      [hown. 

Fame,  n.      Deputation  ;  re- 
Famed,  a.     Celebrated. 


son,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  tdbk ;  dm,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  €,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  q  as  eg ;  this. 


FAMILIAR 


108 


FAVOKABLE 


Fa-mfl'iar,  a.  Intimate  ; 
well-known  ;  knowing  inti- 
mately. —  n.  An  intimate 
acquaintance  ;  a  demon. 

Fa-mil-iar'i-ty,  n.  Intimate 
acquaintance ;  ease  in  in- 
tercourse. 

Fa-mil'iar-ize,  v.  t.  To  ac- 
custom, [ly. 

Fa  mii'iar-ly,  adv.  Intimate- 

Fam'i-ly  (19),  n.  Household  ; 
lineage  ;  race  :   class. 

Fam'ine,  n.  Want  of  suffi- 
cient food. 

Fam'ish,  v.  i.  To  die  of 
hunger.  —  t\  t.  To  destroy 
with  hunger  ;  to  starve. 

Fa'mous,  a  Benowued;  il- 
lustrious; noted. 

Fan  (18),  n.  An  instrument 
to  blow  and  cool  the  face  ; 
also  one  to  winnow  grain.  — 
v.  t.     To  blow  with  a  fan. 

Fa-nat'i€,       )  a.     AVild  and 

Fa-nat'i€-al, J  enthusiastic 
in  opinions.  [siast. 

Fa-nat'i€,  «•     A  wild  enthu- 

Fa-nat'i-gism,  n.  Extrava- 
gant notions  ;  religious 
frenzy. 

Fan'gi-ful  (13),  a.  Dictated 
by  fancy ;  visionary. 

Fan'gy,»i.  Imagination;  no- 
tion ;  groundless  opinion  ; 
preference;  taste. — v.  To 
imagine  ;  to  conceive.  —  a. 
Pleasing  the  fancy,    [dance. 

Fan-dan'go,  n.      A  Spanish 

Fane,  n.  A  temple;  a  church. 

Fang,  n.  Tusk  of  an  animal ; 
claw  ;  talon. 

Fan-t&s'ti-C,       )  a.  Fanciful ; 

Fan-tas'ti-e-al,  1    whimsical. 

Fan'ta-sy,  n.  A  fancy  ;  con- 
ceit; whirr.scy. 

Far,  a.  Distant;  remote. — 
adv.  At  a  great  distance  ; 
very  much. 

Farge,  ft.  A  short,  ludicrous 
play.  [farce. 

Fsr'ci-cal,  a.  Belonging  to  a 

Fare,  v.  i.  'J'o  bo  many  state, 
good  or  bad  ;  to  be  enter- 
tained. —  n.  Price  of  pas- 
sage; food. 

Fare'well,  or  Fare-well',  n. 
Act  of  taking  leave. 

Fare-well',  intrrj.     Good  by. 


Fa-ri'na  or  Fa-ri'na,  n. 
Pollen  of  flowers  ;  the  flour 
of  grain,  starch,  &c. 

Far'i-na'ceous,  a.  Consist- 
ing of  meal;  mealy. 

Farm,  n.  Land  occupied  by 
a  farmer.  —  v.  t.  To  lease  or 
rent  for  a  price ;  to  culti- 
vate, as  a  farm. 

Farm'er,  n.  One  who  culti- 
vates a  farm.  [ing  land. 

Farm'ing,  n.  Practice  of  till- 
Far^  n.   A  game  at  cards. 

Far-ra'go,  n.    A  medley. 

Far'ri-er,  n.  A  horse-shoer  ; 
one  who  cures  the  diseases 
of  horses.  [a  farrier. 

Far'ri-er-y,  n.     Business  of 

Far'row,  n.  A  litter  of  pigs. 
—  a.  Not  producing  a  calf 
in  the  year.  —  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
bring  forth,  as  pigs. 

Far'ther,  n.  Being  at  a  great- 
er distance.  —  adv.  Beyond ; 
more  remotely  ;  further. 

Far'tiring,  n.  Fourth  of  a 
penny.  [petticoat. 

Far'tiiin-gale,   n.     A  hoop 

Fas'gi-nate,  v.  t.  To  charm; 
to  captivate. 

Fas'gi-na/tion,  n.  Act  or 
power  of  charming. 

Fash'ion,  n.  Form  ;  custom  ; 
mode  ;  style.  —  v.  t.  To 
form  ;  to  mold. 

Fash'ion-a-ble.  a.  Accord- 
ing to,  or  observant  of,  the 
prevailing  mode. 

Fash'ion- a-bly,  adv.  In  a 
fashionable  manner. 

Fast,  v.  i.  To  abstain  from 
food .  —  n .  Abstinence  from 
food.  —  a.  Firmly  fixed  ; 
steadfast ;  rapid  ;  swift ;  dis- 
sipated. —  adv.  With  speed. 

Fast'-day,  n.  A  day  set 
apart  for  fasting-  and  prayer. 

Fast'en  (i'as'n),  v.t.  To  make 
firm  ;  to  hold  together. 

Fast'en-ing,  n.  That  which 
confines  or  makes  fast. 

Fas-tTd'i-ous,  a.  Difficult  to 
please;  squeamish. 

Fast'ness,  n.  State  of  being 
fast ;  a  strong  fort. 

Fat,  n.  An  oily,  concrete 
animal  substance.  —  a. 
Abounding  in  fat ;  plump  ; 


corpulent  ;  gross  ;  greasy. 
—  v.     To  make  or  grow  fat. 

Fa'tal,  a.  Necessary  ;  dead- 
ly ;  destructive. 

Fa'tal -i§m,  n .  Doctrine  of 
fate  or  inevitable  necessity. 

Fa'tal- 1st,  «.  One  who  holds 
to  fatalism. 

Fa-tal'i-ty,  n.  Invincible  ne- 
cessity ;  mortality. 

Fa'tal-ly,  ado.  Necessarily  ; 
ntortally. 

Fate^  n.  Inevitable  necessity , 
final  lot;  {pi.)  the  destinies 
supposed  to  preside  over 
men.  —  Syn.  Destiny  ;  for- 
tune ;  doom  ;  death. 

Fat'cd,  a.      Decreed  by  fate. 

Fa'ther,  n.  A  male  parent. — 
v.  t.  To  adopt  as  one's  own. 

Fa'ther-land,  n.  Native  land 
of  one's  fathers.         [father. 

Fa'ther-less,  a.     Having  no 

Fa'ther-ly,  a.  Like  a  father; 
paternal ;  tender. 

Fath'om,  it.  Six  feet.  —  v.  t. 
To  sound  the  depth  of. 

Fath 'cm-less, a.  Bottomless. 

Fa-tigue'  (-t«g/),  n.  Great 
weariness;  toil.  —  v.  t.  To 
weary  to  excess ;  to  tire. 

Fat'iing,  n.     A  fat  animal. 

Fat'ness,  n.  Fleshiness  ;  fer- 
tility. 

Fat'ten  (fat'tn),  v.  To  make 
or  grow  fat. 

Fat'ty,  a.  Containing,  or 
consisting  of,  fat;  greasy. 

Fa-tu'i-ty,  n.  Weakness  of 
mind. 

Fat'u-cus,  a.  Feeble  in  mind ; 
foolish  ;  silly  ;  impotent. 

Fau'get,  n.  A  contrivance  for 
drawing  liquors. 

Fault,  n.  Want;  blemish;  a 
defect ;  offense  ;  failing. 

Fault'less,a.  Free  from  fault. 

Fault'y,  a.  Guilty  of  a  fault ; 
defective  ;  imperfect. 

Faun,  n.     A  rural  deity. 

Fau'na,  n.  Entire  group  of 
animals  of  a  country. 

Fa/vor  (33),  r».  Kind  regard; 
support ;  mildness  ;  a  gilt. — 
v.  t.     To  countenance. 

Fa'vor-a-ble ,  a.  Propitious 
to  success  ;  kind  ;  advanta- 
geous. 


a,5. 


,luni 


,  G,  i,  o,  u ,  y ,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  ah,  what ;  ore,  veil,  t£rm  ;  p.'que,  firm ; 


FAVORABLY 

Fa/vor-a-bly,  adv.    With  fa- 
vor or  affection.  [vors. 
Fa/vor-er,  n.      One  who  fa- 
Fa'vor-Ite,  n.      A  particular 
friend. — a.  Esteemed ;  pre- 
ferred,      [to  favor  a  friend. 
Fa'vor-it-i§m,  n.  Disposition 
Fawn,  n.     A  young  fallow 
deer.  — v.  i.       To  court,  or 
flatter  servilely. 
Fay(18),H.  A  fairy;  elf.    [ty. 
Fe'al-ty,  n.    Homage  ;  loyal- 
Fear,  n.      Apprehension  of 
evil. — v.   t.  or  i.      To  be 
afraid  ;  to  dread. 
Fear'ful,  a.  Afraid;  terrible. 
Fear'ful-ly,  adv.    In  a  fear- 
ful manner. 
Fear'less,  a.  Free  from  fear; 
undaunted ;  intrepid,    [fear. 
Fear'less-ly,  adv.     Without 
Fea'gi-bil'i-ty,    )  n.   Practi- 
Fea'si-ble-ness,  )     cability, 
Fea'§i-ble,  a.   Capable  of  be- 
ing performed  ;  practicable. 
Feast,  n.     A  sumptuous  en- 
tertainment ;  a  festival ;   a 
holiday.  —  v.    To  eat  or  en- 
tertain sumptuously. 
Feat,   n.     An  extraordinary 

action  ;  exploit ;  trick. 
Feath'er,  n.    A  plume;  that 
which  forms  the  covering  of 
birds.  —  v.  t.  To  cover  with 
plumage;  to  adorn. 
F6ath'er-y,a.  Covered  with, 

or  resembling,  feathers. 
Feat'ure,  n.  Form  or  appear- 
ance, especially  of  the  face ; 
lineament. 
Feb'ri-fuge,  n.    A  medicine 

to  cure  fever. 
Fe'brile,  or  Feb'rile,  a.  Per- 
taining to  fever. 
F6b'ru-a-ry,  n.     The  second 

month  of  the  year. 
Fc'-eal,  a.     Containing  feces. 
Fe'ges,  n.  pi.      Excrement ; 

dregs. 
Fee'u-lenge,  n.    Foul  mat- 
ter in  liquors  ;  lees  ;  dregs. 
Fee'u-lent,  a.    Foul ;  full  of 
dregs.    _  [prolific. 

Fe-e'un-date,  *.  t.     To  make 
Fe-e'un-da'tion,  n.    Act  of 
making  fruitful.  [ness. 

Fe-eun'di-ty,    n.     Fruitful- 
Fed,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Feed. 


109 

FSd'er-al,  a.    Pertaining  to  a 

league  or  contract. 
Fed'er-a'tion,  n.    Union  in  a 

league  ;  confederacy. 
Fed'er-a-tive,  a.    Joining  in 

league  ;  confederating. 
Fee  (18),  n.     A  reward;  rec- 
ompense ;    perpetual  right. 

— v.  t.  To  retain  by  a  fee. 
Fee'ble,     a.        Wanting    in 

strength  or  activity.  —  Syn. 

Infirm;  imbecile;  languid. 
Fee'ble-ness,  n.  Infirmity. 
Fee'bly,       adv.       Weakly  ; 

faintly. 
Feed,f.f.  [imp.  Sep. p.  fed.] 

To  give  food  to;  to  supply. 

—  v.  i.  To  eat ;  to  take  food. 

—  n.  Food;  meat;  pasture. 
Feel,  v.  t.  or/,  [imp.  &  p.  p 

FELT.]  To  perceive  by  the 
touch  ;  to  be  affected  ;  to 
experience. — n.  Sensation 
communicated  by  touching. 
Feel'er,  n.    One  who,  or  that 

which,  feels. 
Feel'ing,  n.     Touch ;   sensi- 
bility.—  a    Full  of  sensibil- 
ity ;  tender. 
Feel'ing-ly,  adv.    Tenderly. 
Fee'-sInVple.n.  An  absolute 

or  unconditional  fee. 
Feet,  n.  pi  of  Foot. 
Feign  (fan),  t\  t.  To  pretend; 
|      to  counterfeit. 
'  Feint    (fSnt),    n.      A    false 
j      show  ;  a  pretense. 
'  Fe-lic/i-tate,  v.  t.    To  make 
I      happy  ;  to  congratulate. 
I  Fe-lic/i-ta'tion,     ft.       Kind 
wish.  [lightful. 

Fe-Kc/i-tous,  a.  Happy  ;  de- 
Fe-lic/i-ty,  n.  Great  happi- 
I  ness.  —  Syn.  Bliss ;  bliss- 
;  fulness ;  blessedness,  [cats. 
Fe'line,  a.  Pertaining  to 
Fell,  a.  Fierce  ;  savage  ;  cruel. 

—  v.  t.  To  prostrate;  to 
hem,  as  a  seam.  —  n.  Hide 
of  a  beast.  —  v.,  imp.  of 
Fall. 

Fel'low,  n.     An  associate  or 

equal;  a  person. — v.  t.   To 

match. 
FSl'low-ereat'ure,  n.     One 

of  the  same  race. 
Fel'low-feeHng,  n.    A  like 

feeling ;  sympathy. 


FERRIAGE 

F6116w-ship,  n.  Society ; 
foundation  for  maintaining 
a  resident  scholar. 

Fel'ly,  n.     Rim  of  a  wheel. 

Fe'lo-ue-se',  n.    A  suicide. 

Fel'on,  n.  One  guilty  of  iel- 
ony  ;  a  painful  tumor. 

Fe-16'ni-ous,  a.  Having  the 
quality  of  felony ;  villain- 
ous, [capital  crime. 

Fel'o-ny,  n.     A   heinous   or 

Felt,  imp.  Sc^p.  p.  of  Fed. 
—  n.  Cloth*br  stuff  of  wool. 

Fe'male,  n.  One  of  the  sex 
that  bears  young.  —  a. 
Feminine. 

FSm'i-nlne,  a.  Pertaining  to 
females  of  the  humau  race  ; 
tender ;  effeminate. 

Fen,  n.     A  marsh  ;  a  bog. 

Fenge  (18),  n.  A  structure 
to  inclose  land.  — r.  t.  To 
inclose  with  a  fence.  —  v.  i. 
To  practice  fencing. 

Fence'less,  a.  Destitute  of 
a  fence. 

FSn'Qing,  n.  Materials  for 
fences  ;  art  of  self-defense 
with  the  sword.  [off. 

Fend,  v.  t.  To  repel ;  to  keep 

Fend'er.  n.  One  who,  or  that 
which  fends,  or  wards  off. 

Fen'nel,  n.  An  aromatic 
plant. 

Fen'ny,  a.    Marshy  ;  boggy. 

Feoff  (i'ef),  v.  t.  To  invest 
with  the  fee  of  land.      [fee. 

Feoffment,   :i.    Grant  of  a 

Fer'ment,  n.  Tumult;  agita- 
tion ;  cause  of  agitation. 

Fer-ment',  v.  t.  To  excite  by 
internal  motion. — v.i.  To 
undergo  fermentation. 

Fer'men-ta'tion.  n.  Act  of 
fermenting,     [fermentation. 

Fer-ment 'a-tive,  a.  Causing 

Fern,  n.     A  genus  of  plants. 

Fe-ro'cious,  a.  Savage  ; 
cruel ;  fierce. 

Fe-r6g'i-ty,  n.  Savage  wild- 
ness  and  fierceness;  cruelty. 

Fer're-ous,  a.  Made  of,  or 
pertaining  to,  iron. 

Fer'ret  (8),  v.  t.  To  drive 
from  a  lodge.  —  n.  An  ani- 
mal of  the  weasel  kind. 

Fer'ri-age,  n.  Fare  for  pass- 
|      ing  a  ferry. 


son,  or,  dp,,  wolf,  too,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rjje,  pull ;  9,  g,  soft;  e,  g,  hard;  as.  ;  exjst ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


FERRUGINOUS 


no 


FILINGS 


Fer-ru'gi-nous,  a.  Partaking 
of,  or  containing,  iron. 

Fer'rule  (-ril  or  -rid),  n.  A 
ring  at  the  end  of  a  stick. 

Fer'ry,  n.    A  place  for  pass- 
ing a  river  or  lake  ;  a  boat. 
—  v.  t.  To  convey  over  water  , 
in  a  boat.       [attends  a  ferry. 

FSr'ry-man  (21),  n.  One  who 

Fer'tile,  a.  Fruitful ;  pro- 
ductive ;  prolific  ;  rich. 

Fer'til-ize,  v.  t.  To  enrich, 
as  land.  [soil.  I 

Fer-til'i-ty,  n.     Richness  of 

Fer'ule  (ler'ril  or  i'eVrul),  n. 
A  flat  piece  of  wood  for 
punishing  children. — v.  t. 
To  punish  with  a  ferule. 

Fer'ven-gy ,  n.  Heat  of  mind. 

Fer'vent,  o.   Warm  ;  ardent. 

Fer'vent-ly,  adv.  With  fer- 
vor, [nient. 

Fer'vid,    a.      Warm  ;    veiie- 

Fer'vor,  n.  Heat;  ardor;: 
warmth  of  mind. 

Fes'tal,a.  Relating  to  a  feast. 

Fes'ter,  v.  i.  To  rankle.  — 
n.  A  sore  that  rankles  and  . 
discharges. 

Fes'ti-val,  ffl.  Pertaining  to  a 
feast.—  n.  A  feast ;  a  solemn 
or  joyful  anniversary. 

Fes'tive,  a.  Gay  ;  mirthful ; 
festal.  [mirth;  gayety.  j 

Fes.-tiv'i-ty,  n.   Social  joy  or 

Fes-tdbn',  n.  A 
kind  of  wreath. 

Fetch,  v.  t.  To 
go  and  bring  ; 
to  bring ;  to  sell 
for.  —  n,  A 
stratagem;  artifice;  trick. 

Fete  (fat),  n.  A  festival.  — 
v .  t.  -To  feast.       [stinking. 

Fet'id,       a.        Ill-smelling ; 

Fet'lock,  n.  Hair  behind  the 
pastern  joint  of  a  horse. 

Fet'ter,  n.  A  chain  for  the 
feet;  a  restraint. — v.  t.  To 
chain  ;  to  shackle;  to  bind. 

Fe'tus,  n.  (pi.  Fe'tus-es.)  An 
animal  in  the  womb  or  egg. 

Feud,  n.  Quarrel ;  broil ;  a 
feudal  tenure;  a  fief ;  a  fee. 

Feud'al,  a.  Held  of  a  lord; 
pertaining  to  fiefs  or  fees. 

Feud'al-ism,  n.  The  system 
of  feudal  tenures. 


Festoon. 


Fe'ver,  n.  A  disease  marked 
by  heat,  thirst,  and  accel- 
erated pulse,      [slight  fever. 

Fe'ver-ish,  a.    Affected  with 

Few(lu),  a.  Not  many  ;  small 
in  number.  [number. 

Few'ness,  n.     Smaliness  of 

Fi'at,  n.  A  decree  ;  command. 

Fib,  n.  A  story  ;  falsehood.  — 
v.  i.     To  tell  what  is  false. 

Fi'ber  )  (29),    n.      A   slender 

Fi'bre  j  thread  or  thread- 
like substance. 

Fl'bril,  n.     A  small  fiber. 

Fi'brous,  a.  Containing,  or 
consisting  of,  fibers,     [mind. 

Fick'le,    a.      Changeable    in 

Fick'le-ness,  n.  Inconstancy'. 

Ffe'tion,  n.  An  invented 
story  ;  a  lie.  —  SYN.  Fabri- 
cation ;  falsehood. 

Fi-e-ti'tious  (-tish'us),  a. 
Feigned  ;  counterfeit ,  false. 

Fid'dle,  n.  A  violin.  —  v.i.  To 
play  on  a  violin.      [a  fiddle. 

Fid'dler,  *»•  One  who  play  s  on 

Fi-del'i-ty,  n.  Faithfulness; 
loyalty  ;  honesty  ;  integrity. 

Fidg'et,  v.  i.  To  move  by  fits 
and  starts.  —  n.  Uneasy 
motion  of  the  body.     [easy. 

Fidg'et-y,  a.     Restless  :  un- 

Fi-du'cial,        I  a.  Confident; 

Fi-du'ci-a-ry,  \  held  in  trust. 

Fi-du'ci-a-ry  (-da'shl-),  n.  A 
trustee. 

Fie,  inlerj.     Denoting  dislike. 

Fief,  n.  An  estate  held  of  a 
superior  on  condition  of 
military  service ;  a  fee  ; 
feud. 

Field,  n.  A  piece  of  inclosed 
land  ;  a  battle-ground  ;  com- 
pass ;  extent. 

Field'-mar'shal,  n.  A  high 
military  title. 

Field'-6f  fi-ger,  n.  A  major, 
lieutenant-colonel,  or  colo- 
nel, [non. 

Field'-piece,  n.  A  small  can- 
Fiend,  n.  An  implacable  foe  ; 
the  devil ;  an  infernal  being. 

Fierge,  a.  Violent ;  eager  in 
attack  ;  furious  ;  ferocious. 

Fierge'ly,  adv.    Furiously. 

Fierge'riess,  n.  Violence  ; 
rage. 

FPer-i-ness,  n.  Great  heat. 


Fi'er-y,  a.     Consisting  of,  or 

like,  fire  ;  hot ;  irritable. 
Fife,  n.  A  small  musical  pipe. 

—  v.  i.     To  play  on  a  fife. 
FIf'er,  n.     One  who  plays  on 

a  fife. 
Fifteen,  a.     Five  and  ten. 
Fifth,  a.  The  ordinal  of  five. 
FiPti-eth  (13),  a.     Next  after 

the  forty-ninth.  [added. 

Fifty,  a.     Sum  of  five  tens 
Fig,  n.  A  tree  and  its  fruit. 
Fight  (fit),*,  i.    [imp.  &  p. 

p.  FOUGHT.]  To  contend  in 

battle  or  in  single  combat. 

—  v.  t.     To  war  against.  — 
n.     A  battle  ;  a  combat. 

Fight'er  (i'lt'er),  n.  One  who 
fights.  [tion. 

Fig'ment,  n.  Invention  ;  fic- 

Fig'u-rate,  a.  Of  a  certain 
determinate  form  or  figure. 

Fig'u-ra/tio-n,  n.  Act  of  giv- 
ing figure  or  determinate 
form. 

Fig'u-ra-tive,  a.  Metaphori- 
cal :  represented  by  figure. 

Fig'vire,  n.  Shape;  fashion; 
image;  pattern;  a  character 
standing  for  a  number ;  a 
type  — v  t.  To  make  an 
image  of;  to  .symbolize. — 
v.  i.  To  make  a  distin- 
guished appearance. 

Fii'a-ment,    n.      A    slender 
|      thread  ;  a  fiber. 
'  Fil'a-ment'ous,  a.     Consist- 
i      ing    of    filaments  ;     like    a 

thread. 
!  Fil'a-ture,  n.    The  reeling  of 
j      silk  from  cocoons. 

Fil'bert,  n.     The  nut  of  the 
j      cultivated  hazel.  [for. 

Filch,  v.  t.     To  steal ;  to  pil-' 

File,  n.  A  tool  for  smoothing 
wood,  iron,  &c. ;  a  row;  a 
series  ;  bundle  of  papers.  — 
v.  t.  To  smooth  with  a  file  ; 
to  place  in  order,  as  papers. 

—  v.  i.  To  march  in  file 
Fil'ial  (fil'yal),  a.    Becoming 

aohild.  [son  to  a  parent. 
Fil'i-a'tion,  n.  Relation  of  a 
Fil'i-gree,    n.      Ornamental 

work  in  gold  or  silver  like 

threads. 
Fll'mcs,    n.    pi.       Particles 

rubbed  off  by  a  file. 


a,  e,  I,  6,  u,  y,  long';  a,  6, I, 6,  u,  y, short ;  care,  car, ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm ; 


FILL 


I 


FITTING 


Fill,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  make  or 
become  full. —  n.  Fullness. 

Fil'let,  n.  A  head  band  ;  a 
joint  of  meat. 

Fil'li-bus'ter,  n.  A  lawless 
military  adventurer. 

Fil'lip,  v.  t.  To  strike  with 
the  nail  of  the  finger  forced 
from  the  ball  of  the  thumb. 
—  n.  A  jerk  of  the  finger 
from  the  thumb. 

Fil'ly  (19),  n.  A  young  mare. 

Film,  n.  A  thin  skin. 

Film'y,  a.  Composed  of  film. 

Fil'ter,  n.  A  strainer  for 
liquor.  — v.  t.  To  purify  by 
passing  through  a  strainer. 

Filth,  n.  Foul  or  dirty  mat- 
ter. 

Fllth'i-ness,  n.     Dirtiness. 

Filth'y,  a.  Abounding  in 
filth.  —  Syn.  Foul ;  dirty  ; 
obscene ;  impure. 

Fil'trate.  v.  t.  or  i.  To  filter ; 
to  percolate. 

Fil-tra'tion,  n.  Act  of  filter- 
ing. 

Fin,  n.  An  organ  of  a  fish. 

Fi'nal,  a.  Ending  ;  conclu- 
sive. 

FI'nal-ly,atft\  In  conclusion. 

Fi-na'le,  n.  Last  part  of  a 
piece  in  music  :  ending. 

Fi-nange',  n.  The  science  of 
raising  and  investing  money ; 
state  income  ;  revenue;  (pi  ) 
funds  in  the  treasury . 

Fi-nan'cial,  a.  Pertaining  to 
finance. 

Fin'an-gier',  n.  One  skilled 
in  fiuancial  matters,     [bird. 

Finch,   n.    A    small  singing 

Find,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
FOUND.]  To  discover;  to 
gain  ;  to  furnish  ;  to  estab- 
lish. 

FInd'ings.  n.  pi.  The  tools, 
&c,  which  a  journeyman 
provides  for  himself. 

Fine,  a.  Elegant;  showy; 
gay  ;  handsome  ;  keen  ; 
sharp  ;  nice  :  exquisite.  —  n. 
Penalty;  forfeiture. — v.  t. 
To  inflict  a  penalty  on  ;  to 
purify ;  to  refine.        fously. 

Fine'ly.arfv.   Gayly  ;  dexter- 

Fine'ness,  n.  State  or  quali- 
ty of  being  fine. 


Fin'er,  n.  One  who  purifies 
metals. 

Fin'er-y,  n.  Fine  dress,  jew- 
els, trinkets,  &c. ;  splendor. 

Fi-nesse',  n.  Art  ;  artifice  ; 
stratagem.  —  v.  i.  To  use 
stratagem. 

Fin'ger,  ft.  One  of  the  five 
extremities  of  the  hand.  — 
V.  I.    To  handle  ;  to  touch. 

Fin'i-eal,  a.   Affectedly  fine. 

Fi'nis,  n.  End;  conclusion. 

Fin'ish,  v.  t.  To  bring  to  an 
end  ;  to  perfect.  —  n.  That 
which  finishes ;  last  hard, 
smooth  coat  of  plaster. 

Fin'ish-ing,  n.  That  which 
terminates  or  perfects,    [ed. 

Fi'nite,  a.      Bounded  ;  limit- 

Fin'ny,  a.  Furnished  with 
fins. 

Fir,  n.  A  tree  allied  to  the 
pines,  or  its  wood. 

Fire,  n.  Heat  and  light ;  any 
thing  burning ;  passion.  — 
v.  t.  To  set  on  fire ;  to 
kindle  ;  to  discharge.  —  p. 
i.    To  take  fire.        » 

Fire'-arm§,  n.  pi.  Guns,  pis- 
tols, &c.  [wood  on  fire. 

Fire'-brand,  n.    'A  piece  of 

FIre'-damp,  n.  An  explosive 
gas  in  mines. 

Fire'-en'gine,  n.  An  engine 
to  extinguish  fires. 

Fire'-fly,  n.  A  winged,  lumi- 
nous insect. 

Fire'man  (21),  n.  A  man 
who  extinguishes  fires,  or 
who  tends  the  fires  of  a 
steam-engine. 

Flre'-place,  n.  Part  of  a 
chimney  ;  hearth. 

Fire'-pliig,  n.  A  plug  for 
drawing  water  at  fires. 

Fire'-pro"bf,  a.  Incombus- 
tible. .  [others  on  fire. 

Fire'-ship,  n.    A  ship  to  ret 

FIre'ward,       )  n.      An  ofli- 

Fire 'ward-en,  f  cer  whose 
duty  is  to  guard  against 
fires. 

Fire'wdod,  n.  Wood  for  fuel. 

FireMvorks  (-wQrks),  n.  pi. 
Preparations  of  powder  for 
exploding  in  the  air. 

Fir 'kin,  n.  A  vessel  of  eight 
or  nine  gallons. 


Firm,  a.  Fixed  ;  solid ; 
strong  ;  compact.  —  n.  A 
partnership. 

Firm'a-ment,  n.  The  region 
of  the  air  ;  the  sky. 

Firm'ly,  adv.  Strongly  ; 
steadily  ;  with  fixedness. 

Firm'ness,  n.  Compactness ; 
solidity  ;  constancy. 

First,  a.  Earliest ;  foremost  ; 
chief.  —  adv.  Before  any 
thing  else. 

First' -fruits,  n.  pi.  First 
produce.         [est  excellence. 

First'-rate,  a.    Of  the  high- 

First'ling,  n.  Offspring  of 
cattle  first  produced. 

Fis-e'al,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 
public  treasury. — n.  Pub- 
lic revenue ;  a  treasurer. 

Fish  (18),  n.  An  animal  liv- 
ing in  water,  especially  one 
breathing  by  gills.  —  v.  t. 
To  search,  as  for  fish. —  v.  i. 
To  try  to  catch  fish. 

Fish'er-man  (21),  n.  One  em- 
ployed in  fishing. 

Fish'er-y,  n.  The  business  or 
place  of  fishing. 

Fish'hdok,  n.  A  hook  for 
catching  fish. 

Fish'ing,  n.  The  practice  of 
catching  fish. 

Fish'-mon'ger  (-miing'ger), 
n.    A  dealer  in  fish. 

Fish'y,  a.  Tasting  like  a  fish  ; 
fish-like.  [split. 

Fis'sile,  a.    Capable  of  being 

Fis'sure  (fisb/vjjr),  n.  A 
cleft ;  a  narrow  chasm.     *> 

Fist,  n.    The  hand'clmched. 

Fist'i-€iiffs,  n.  pi.  Blows  uith 
the  fist.        [chronic  abscess. 

Fist'u-la,  n.  A  deep,  narrow, 

Fist'u-lar,      )  a.  Hollow, like 

Fist'u-lous,   )      a  pipe. 

Fit,  n.  Attack  of  spasms,  or 
of  disease  ;  a  passing  humor. 

—  a.  Suitable;  convenient  ; 
proper.  —  v.  t.  (7)  To  suit ; 
to  adapt ;  to  qualify. 

Fitful,  a.  A7aried  by  fits. 
Fit'ly,  adv.     Suitably  ;  con- 
veniently. 
Fit'ness,  n.  State  of  being  fit. 

—  SYN.  Adaptation  :  just- 
ness ;  propriety.         [priate. 

Fit'ting,;?.  a.      Fit;  appro- 


son,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  tdbk ;  Qrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard ;  as. ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


FIVE 


112 


FLEW 


Five,  n.    Four  and  one. 

Fix,  v.  t.  To  set  firmly  ;  to 
fasten. — v.i.    To  settle. 

Fix-a/tion,  n.  Act  of  fixing ; 
firm  state.  [ing  fast. 

Frx'ed-ness,  n.     State  of  be- 

Flx'i-ty,  n.  Coherence  ;  fix- 
edness. 

FIxt/ure  (ffkst'yijr),  n.  Fixed 
furniture,  or  appendage. 

Fizz,       )  v.    i.     To  make  a 

Fiz'zle,  J  hissing  sound  ;  to 
bungle.  tstate. 

Fiab'bi-ness,   n.      A   fiabby 

Fiab'by,  a.  Soft ;  yielding  ; 
loose  ;  easily  shaking,   [ber. 

Flae'gid,  a.     Weak  and  lim- 

Flae-Qid'i-ty,  n.  Laxness  ; 
want  of  tension. 

Flag,  v.  i.  To  become  weak  ; 
to  droop.  —  v.  t.  To  lay  with 
flags  or  flat  stones.  —  n. 
A  plant ;  a  flat  stone  ;  colors, 
or  an  ensign. 

Flag'el-late,u.£.  To  scourge. 

Flag'el-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
whipping.  [flute. 

Flag'eo-let,  n.       A  kind  of 

Fla-gi'tioiis  (-jish'us),  a.  Ex- 
tremely wicked ;  atrocious. 

Flag'-df'fi-cer,  n.  The  com- 
mander of  a  squadron. 

Flag'on,  71.  A  vessel  with  a 
narrow  mouth,  for  liquors. 

Fla'gran-Qy,  n.  Heinous- 
ness  ;  enormity. 

Fla'grant,  a.  Ardent ;  enor- 
mous ;  eager ;  notorious. 

Flag'-ship,  n.  Ship  which 
bears  the  commander  of  a 
squadron. 

Flag'-staff  (20),  n.  A  staff 
to  support  a  flag. 

Flag'-stone,  n.  A  flat  stone 
for  a  pavement. 

Flail,  n.  An  instrument  for 
thrashing  grain. 

Flake,  n.  A  scale  of  snow; 
a  scale  ;  a  scaffold.  —  v.  t. 
To  form  into  flakes.  —  v.  i. 
To  break  into  thin  layers  or 
scales.  [flakes. 

Flak'y,    a.       Consisting  of 

Flam,  n.  A  pretense  ;  a  lie. 

Flam'beau  (l'lam'bo),  n.  A 
lighted  torch. 

Flame,  v.  Light  emitted  from 
fire;    bhue  ;   ardor.  —  v.   i. 


Flamingo. 


To  burn  with  a  blaze ;  to 
shine  as  fire. 

Flam'ing  (11),  a.  Burning 
with  blaze  ;  bright ;  violent. 

Fla-mm'go,  n. 
A  bird  of  a 
bright  red  col- 
or, with  long 
legs  and  a  long 
neck.  ! 

Flange,  n.  A 
projecting  edge 
as  on  a  car- 
wheel. 

Flank,  n.  Side  of  the  body, 
or  of  an  army  or  fleet.  —  r. 
I.  To  attack  or  turn  the 
flank  of;  to  border  on. 

Flan'nel,  n.  A  soft  woolen 
cloth  of  loose  texture. 

Flap,  n.  A  piece  of  cloth  that 
flaps ;  noise  or  motion  of  a 
flap.  —  v.  t.  To  move  as 
wings.  —  v.  i  To  make  a 
motion  as  with  wings. 

Flap'jack,  n.  A  griddle-cake. 

Flap'per,  n.  One  who,  or 
that 'which,  flaps. 

Flare,  v.  i.  To  waver ;  to 
burn  with  an  unsteady  light. 
—  n.    An  unsteady  light. 

Flash,  n.  A  sudden  burst  of 
light.  —  v.  i.  To  burst  sud- 
denly, as  light.  [sipid. 

Flash'y,  a.  Gay  ;  showy  ;  in- 

Flask,  n.  A  narrow-necked 
bottle ;  a  powder-horn. 

Flat,  a.  Level ;  insipid  ;  posi- 
tive :  in  music,  depressed.  — 
n.  A  level  piece  of  land : 
a  shoal ;  mark  of  depres- 
sion (b)  in  music.  — v.  t.  To 
make  flat. —  v.  i.  To  be- 
come flat. 

Flat'ly,  adv.  Horizontally  ; 
peremptorily. 

Flat'ness,  n.  State  of  being 
flat.  [grow  flat. 

Flat'ten,    v.      To    make   or 

Flat'ter,  v.  t.  To  praise  false- 
ly, [ters. 

Flat'ter-er,  n.   One  who  flat- 

Flat'ter-y,  n.  Act  of  flatter- 
ing ;  adulation. 

Flat'u-lenge,  n.  Wind  in  the 
stomach  or  intestines. 

Flat'u-lent,  a.  Windy  ;  pro- 
ducing wind  in  the  stomach 


Flaunt,  v.  i.  To  display  os- 
tentatiously. 

Fla'vor  (33),  n.  A  peculiar 
taste  or  smell ;  relish  ;  savor. 
—  v.  t.  To  give  a  pleasant 
taste  or  smell  to. 

Flaw,  n.  A  break  ;  sudden 
gust;  defect. — v.  t.  To 
break  ;  to  crack  ;  to  violate. 

Flaw'y,  a.    Having  flaws. 

Flax,  n.  A  plant  from  the 
fiber  of  the  bark  of  which 
linen  is  made. 

Flax'en,  a.  Like,  or  pertain- 
ing to,  flax.  '  [skin  of. 

Flay,  v.  t      To  strip  off  the 

Flea,n.  A  troublesome  insect. 

Fleam,  n.  An  instrument 
for  opening  veins. 

Fleck,  v.  t.  To  spot;  to 
streak  or  stripe. 

Flee'tion,  n.  Act  of  bending.' 

Fled,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Flee. 

Fledge,  v.  t.  To  furnish  with 
feathers,    [bird  just  fledged. 

Fledge'ling,   n.      A    young 

Flee,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
FLED.]  To  run  away  with 
rapidity. 

Fleece,  n.  Coat  of  wool  that 
covers  a  sheep.  —  v.  t.  To 
deprive  of,  or  as  of,  a  fleece. 

Flee'gy,  a.  Covered  with  wool. 

Fleer,  v.  i  To  grin  with 
scorn;  to  deride.  —  n.  De- 
rision ;  mockery. 

Fleet,  a.  Moving  with  ve- 
locity ;  quick  in  motion. —  n. 
A  number  of  ships  in  com- 
pany ;  a  navy  —  v.  i.  To 
pass  swiftly  ;  to  flit. 

Fleet'ing,a.  Not  durable. — 
Syn.  Transient;  transitory. 

Fleet'ness,  n.     Swiftness. 

Flfim'ish,  a  Pertaining  to 
Flanders 

Flesh,  n.  Softer  solids  of  ani- 
mals :  animal  nature;  hu- 
man family. — v.  t.  To  feed 
with  flesh ;  to  glut ;  to  ac- 
custom. 

Flesh'-eol'or  (-kui'ur),  n. 
The  color  of  the  flesh. 

Flesh'i-ness  (13),  n.  Corpu- 
lence, [real ;  carnal. 

Flesh'ly,  a.    Animal ;  corpo- 

Flesh'v,   a.     Corpulent;  fat. 

Flew  (flu),  imp.  of  Fly. 


5  u,  y,  long;  a,  €,  I,  6,  ii,  f,  short;  care, car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm 


a.e, 


FLEX 


113 


FLUVIAL 


Flex,  v.  t.    To  bend. 

Flex'i-bil'i-ty,  n.    Pliancy. 

Flex'i-ble,  a.  Capable  of  be- 
ing bent.  — SYN.  Pliant; 
tractable ;  yielding. 

Fiex'ion  (flek'shun),  n.  Act 
of  bending ;  a  fold  ;  a  turn. 

FI5x'u-ous  (flek'shn-),  a. 
Bending ;  winding. 

Flex'ure  (flek'shijr),  n.  A 
bending  or  winding. 

Flick'er, v.  i.  To  nutter;  to 
flap  tbe  wings  as  a  bat. 

FiT'er,  n.    One  that  flies. 

Flight  (flit  ),n.  Act  of  flying; 
flock  of  birds. 

Fiight/i-ness  (flit'-)  n.  Ca- 
pricious feeling ;  delirium. 

Flight'y  (flTt'y),  a.  Wild; 
fanciful ;  fleeting. 

Flim'§i-ness,  n.  Thin,  weak 
texture.  [feeble. 

Flim'sy,  a.     Slight ;    weak ; 

Flinch,  v.  i.  To  draw  back  ;  j 
to  shrink,  from  irresolution. 

Fling,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
FLUNG.]  To  cast  from  the 
hand.  —  v.  i.  To  flounce; 
to  utter  harsh  language.  — 
n.    A  gibe  ;  a  sneer. 

Flint,  n.     A  very  hard  stone. 

Flint'y,  a.  Made  of,  or  re- 
sembling, flint ;  hard. 

Flip,  n.  A  drink  made  of  beer, 
spirit,  and  sugar,  heated. 

FHp'pan-Qy,  n.     Volubility. 

Flip'pant,  a.    Voluble ;  pert. 

Flip'pant-ly,  adv.  In  a  flip- 
pant manner. 

Flirt,  v.  t.  To  throw  with  a 
jerk. — v.  i.  To  coquet. — 
n.    A  jerk  ;  a  coquette. 

Flir-ta'tion ,  % .  Desi  re  of  at- 
tracting notice ;  coquetry. 

Flit  (7),  v.i.  To  flutter;  to 
dart  along ;  to  remove. 

Flitch,  n.  A  side  of  pork  cured. 

Float,  n.  Something  that 
swims;  a  raft.  —  v  t.  or  i. 
To  swim  on  the  surface. 

Fi&C'CU-lent,  a.  Adhering 
in  small  locks. 

Flock,  n.  A  collection  of 
small  animals  ;  a  lock  of 
wool.  —  v.  i.  To  gather  in 
a  crowd  ;  to  assemble. 

F16ck'-bed,  n.  A  bed  filled 
with  locks  of  wool. 


Floe,  n.  A  mass  of  floating 
ice.  [to  chastise. 

F16g,  v.  t.  To  whip  ;  to  lash ; 

Flog'ging,  n.    Chastisement. 

Flood  (flud),n.  Flow  of  tide; 
the  sea  ;  inundation.  —  v  t. 
To  overflow  ;  to  inundate. 

Flood'-gate,  *.  A  gate  to 
stop  or  let  out  water. 

Floor,  n.  The  bottom  of  a 
room  or  of  a  building;  a 
story;  platform.  —  v.t.  To 
cover  with  a  floor  ;  to  pros- 
trate ;  to  silence.        [floors. 

Floor'ing,  n.    Materials  for 

Flo'ra,  n.  All  the  vegetable 
species  native  in  a  given  lo- 
cality or  period.       [flowers. 

Flo'ral,    a.      Pertaining    to 

Flo'ret,  n.  A  small  or  partial 
flower. 

Flfir'id,  a.   Flushed  with  red. 

Flo-rid'i-ty,  n.  Freshness  or 
brightness  of  color. 

F16r'in,  n.  A  coin  of  differ- 
ent values. 

Flo'rist,  n.  One  who  culti- 
vates flowers. 

Fldt'age,  n.  Act  of  floating ; 
something  that  floats. 

Flo-til'la,  n.     A  little  fleet. 

Fldt'sam,  )  n.  Goods  floating 

Fldt'son,  )      on  the  sea. 

Flounge,  v.  t.  To  deck  with 
flounces. — v.i.  To  struggle 
violently  ;  to  flounder.  —  n. 
Trimming  on  apparel ;  a 
sudden  jerk  or  dash. 

Floun'der,  v.  i.  To  flounce ; 
to  struggle  vio- 
lently.—  n.  A 
flat  fish  allied 
to  the  hali- 
but. Flounder. 

Flour,  n.  The  fine  part  of 
ground  grain. — v.  t.  To 
sprinkle  with  flour. 

Flour'ish  (fluVish).  v.  To 
thrive ;  to  embellish ;  to 
brandish. — n.  (18)  Decora- 
tion ;  show ;  parade  of 
words  ;  musical  embellish- 
ment. 

Flout,  v.  t.  To  treat  with 
contempt.  —  v.  i.  To  sneer. 
—  ii.    Contemptuous  fling. 

Flow  (flo),t>.  i.  To  move,  as  a 
liquid;  to  rise  as  the  tide; 


to  hang  loose  and  ws* 

—  v.  t.  To  cover  with  wa.„ 

—  n.  A  stream  ;  current. 
Flow'er  (flour),  n.  The  blos- 
som of  a  plant  ;  choicest 
pairlr.  —  v.  i.  To  blossom 
forth. — v.t.  To  embellish 
with  figures. 

Flow'er-de-luce'.n.  A  plant 
of  several  species  ;  iris. 

Flow'er-y,a.  Full  of  flowers; 
highly  ornamented. 

F16w'ing,a.    Liquid;  fluent. 

Flown,  pp.  of  Flee  or  Fly. 

Flu-Ct'u-ate,r.  t.  To  waver; 
to  rise  and  fall. 

Fluct'u-a'tion,  n.  Sudden 
rise  and  fall ;  undulation. 

Flue,n.   A  passage  for  smoke. 

Flu'en-gy,  n.  Facility  of  ut- 
terance, [copious. 

Flu'ent,a.  Flowing:  voluble; 

Flu'ent-ly,  adv.  With  flow 
of  utterance  ;  volubly. 

Flu'id,  a.  Having  parts  which 
easily  move,  as  water  or  air. 

—  n.     A  fluid  substance. 
Flu-id'i-ty,    n.      Quality  of 

being  fluid. 

Fluke,  n.  The  part  of  an 
anchor  which  fastens  in  the 
g_round.  [ter. 

Flume,  n.  A  channel  for  wa- 

Flum'mer-y,  n.  A  kind  of 
jelly  ;  flattery  ;  nonsense. 

Flung,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Fling. 

Flur'ry,  n.  A  hasty  blast; 
sudden  commotion. — v.  t. 
To  agitate. 

Flush,  a.  Fresh  ;  full  of  vig- 
or; affluent;  liberal.  —  n. 
A  flow  of  blood  to  the  face. 

—  V.i.  To  redden  suddenly. 

—  r.  t.     To  make  red;    to 
start ;  to  cause  to  flush. 

Flus'ter,  v.  t.    To  confuse. 
Flute,  n.     A  musical  pipe.  — 

v.t.    To  furrow  or  chancel. 
Flut'ist,  n.     A  performer  on 

the  flute. 
Flut'ter  (8),  v.  i.   To  move  or 

flap  the  wings  rapidly :   to 

fluctuate.  — v.  t.  To  agitate-, 

to    hurry    the    mind.  —  n. 

hurry  ;  confusion. 
Flu'vi-al,        1  a.  lielating  to, 
Flu/vi-at'i-c,  J      or     growing 

in,  a  river. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk ;  urn.  rjje,  pull  5  9,  g.  soft , 
8 


e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n.  as  ng ;  this. 


FLUX 

Flux,  n.  A  flowing ;  a  sub- 
stance for  melting  metals  ; 
dysentery. 

Flux'ion  (iliik'shun),  n.  A 
flowing;  a  method  of  mathe- 
matical analysis. 

Fly,  v.  i.  [imp.  flew  ;  p.  p. 
flown.]  To  move  with 
the  wings  ;  to  move  rapidly. 

—  n.  (19)    A  winged  insect. 
Fly'-blow,  n.     The  egg  of  a 

fly.  —  d.  t.    To  lay  an  egg  in 

or  on,  as  a  fly. 
Fly'-leaf ,  n.    A  blank  leaf  at 

the  beginning  or  the  end  of 

a  book. 
F6al,rc.  Theyoungof  a  mare. 

—  v.i.  To  bring  forth  a  colt. 
Foam,  v.  i.     To  froth  ;  to  be 

in  a  rage.  —  n.  Froth  ;  rage. 

Foam'y,  a.  Covered  with 
foam  or  froth  ;  frothy. 

F6b,  n.  A  small  watch-pocket. 

Fo'-eal,  a.  Belonging  to  a  fo- 
cus. 

F5'-eus,  n.  (pi.  Fo'-eus-es, 
Fo'qi,  25.)  A  point  in  which 
rays  of  light  meet;  a  cen- 
tral point. 

Fod'der,  n.  Food  for  cattle. 
v.  t.     To  feed,  as  cattle. 

Foe  (18),  n.  An  enemy  ;  an 
adversary ;  an  ill-wisher. 

F6g,  ft.  A  thick  vapor  from 
the  earth  or  water. 

Fog'gi-ness  (13),  n.  State  of 
being  foggy,  [filled  with  fog. 

Fog'gy ,  a.     Dark  with  a  fog  ; 

Fo'gy,  n.  A  stickler  for  old 
things ;  one  oppo5ed  to  prog- 
ress, [ness ;  a  failing. 

Foi'ble,  n.  A  moral  weak- 
Foil,  t*.  t.  To  frustrate;  tode- 
feat. — n.  Defeat;  a  blunt 
sword;  a  thin  leaf  of  metal. 

Foist,  v.  t.  To  insert  wrong- 
fully or  secretly 

Fold,  n.  A  doubling ;  a  plait ; 
a  pen  for  sheep. — v.  To 
double  over. 

Fold'er.w.  An  instrument  to 
fold  paper.  [with  scales. 

Fo'li-a'ceous,   a.      Leafy   or 

Fo'li-age,  n.    Leaves  of  trees. 

Fo'li-ate,  v.  t.  To  beat  into 
a  thin  plate.  [plates. 

Fo'li-a'tion,  n.  A  beating  into 

Fo'li-o  ( fo'li-o  or  fol'yo,  18),  n. 


114 

A  book  of  two  leaves  to  a 
sheet ;  a  page. 

Folk  (fok),  or  Folks  (foks),n 
pi.    People  in  general. 

Fol'li-ele,  n.  A  pod  opening 
down  the  inner  suture. 

Fol'low,  v.  To  go  or  come 
after  ;  to  imitate;  to  suc- 
ceed ;  to  result. 

F61'low-er,  it.  One  who  fol- 
lows ;  a  disciple. 

Fol'ly,  n.  Want  of  sense;  ab- 
surdity ;  criminal  weakness. 

Fo-ment',  v.  t.  To  apply  lo- 
tions to ;  to  encourage. 

Fo'men-ta/tion,  n.  A  bath- 
ing with  warm  lotions. 

Fond,  a  Foolish  ;  silly  ;  lov- 
ing ;  relishing  highly. 

Fon'dle,  v.  t.  To  treat  with 
tenderness  ;  to  caress. 

Fond'ling,  n.  One  fondled  or 
caressed  much. 

Fond'ly,  adv.    Lovingly. 

FSnd'ness,  v.  Affection  ;  love. 

Fdnt,  n  A  baptismal  basin  ; 
an  assortment  of  type 

Food,  n.  That  which  supplies 
nutriment.  —  Syn.  Suste- 
nance ;  provisions ;  fare. 

Fdbl,  n.  One  destitute  of  rea- 
son ;  a  buffoon.  —  v.  I.  To 
impose  on. 

Fdbl'er-y,  n.    Acts  of  folly. 

Fool'-hard'y,  a.  Madly  rash 
or  adventurous. 

Fqol'ish,  a.  Silly  ;  indiscreet. 

Fdbl'ish-ly,  adv.  Weakly ; 
absurdly. 

Fdol'ish-ness,  n.  Want  of 
understanding ;  folly. 

Fdols'-eap,  n.  A  long  folio 
writing  paper. 

Fdbt  (21),  n.  That  on  which 
a  thing  stands  ;  the  bottom 
of  the  leg ;  12  inches ;  meas- 
ure in  poetry  ;  infantry.  — 
v.  i.  To  dance  ;  to  walk.  — 
v.  t.  To  kick ;  to  tread  ;  to 
sum  up. 

Foot'-ball,  n.  An  inflated 
ball  for  kicking  about. 

F6t>t'-boy,  n.  A  boy  in  livery. 

Fdbt'ing,  n.  Ground  for  the 
foot ;  firm  position. 

Fdbt'man  (21),  n.  A  man- 
servant. 

Fdbt'pad,  n.  A  highwayman. 


FOREBODING 

Fdbt'-path,  n.  A  way  for 
foot-passengers. 

Fdbt'step,  n.  Mark  of  a  foot ; 
track  ;_mark;  way.      [feet. 

Fobt'stool,  n.    A  stool  for  the 

Fop,  n.  A  vain,  trifling  fellow  ; 
a  coxcomb  ;  a  dandy. 

Fop'per-y,  n.  Foolish  vanity 
in  dress  or  manners. 

Fdp'pish,  a.  Fop-like;  vain; 
gaudy  ;  affected. 

Fop'pish-ness,  n.  Foppish 
dress  or  manners. 

For,  prep.  In  the  place  of; 
because  of.  —  conj.  Because. 

For'age,  n.  Food  for  horses 
or  cattle  ;  provisions.  —  v.  i. 
To  go  in  search  of  provision 
for  horses. 

For'as-much',  adv.  or  conj. 
Since ;  seeing. 

Fo-ray',  or  For'ay,  n.  A 
pillaging  excursion. 

For-bade',  imp.  of  Forbid. 

For-bear',  v.  i.  or  t.  [imp. 
FORBORE;  p.  p.  FOR- 
BORNE.] To  cease;  to  ab- 
stain ;  to  delay. 

For-bear'ance,  n.  Long- 
suffering;  abstinence. 

For-bid',i\  t.  [imp.  forbid; 
p.  p.  forbidden.]  To 
command  not  to  do  ;  to  pro- 
hibit. 

For-bid'ding,  a.     Repulsive. 

For-borne',  p.  p.  from  For- 
bear. 

Forge,  n.  Strength  ;  active 
power ;  vigor  ;  efficacy  ,  ar- 
mament. —  v.  t.  To  compel ; 
to  urge  ;  to  ravish. 

Forge'- meat,  n.  Spiced  meat 
chopped  fine. 

For'gi-ble  (11),  a.  Manifest- 
ing force;  violent:  mighty. 

For'gi-bly,  adv.    With  force. 

Ford,  n.  A  shallow  place 
where   water  is    passed    on 

.  foot.  —  v.  t.  To  pass  by  wad- 
ing, [toot. 

Ford'a-ble,  a.     Passable   on 

Fore,  a.  Coming  or  going 
first.  —  adv.  Before  ;  in  the 
forepart.  [forehand. 

Fore-arm',  v.t.    To  arm  be- 

Fore-bode',  r.  t.  To  prognos- 
ticate ;  to  predict,     [cation. 

Fore-bod'ing,  n.    Prognosti- 


cs,!, 6,  u,  y,long;  u,e,  T,6,  u,  y,  short ;  care,  car, ask,  all,  what;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pVque,  firm; 


FORECAST 

F5re-cast',  v.  To  plan  before- 
hand. 

Fore'-east,  n.  Contrivance  be- 
forehand ;  foresight. 

Fore'-eas-tle  (-kas-l),n.  The 
forepart  of  a  ship,  under 
deck,  where  the  sailors  live. 

F6re-«16§e',  v.t.  To  shut  up  ; 
to  preclude;  to  cut  off  from 
right  of  redemption. 

F6re-€lo§'ure  (-klo'zlinr),  n. 
Act  of  precluding. 

Fore'fa-ther,  n.  An  ancestor. 

Fore'firt-ger,  n.  The  finger 
next  to  the  thumb. 

Fore-go',  v.  t.  [p.  p.  fore- 
gone.] To  forbear;  to  pos- 
sess ;  to  give  up.   [forehand. 

F6re-g6ne',  a.     Formed  be- 

Fore'ground,  n.  The  front 
part  of  a  picture. 

F6re'hand-ed,  a.  Early  ; 
timely  ;  easy  in  property. 

FSre'head  (tor'ed),*!.  Upper 
part  of  the  face. 

For'eignO'or'in),  a.  Belong- 
ing to  another  country ;  not 
to  the  purpose.  —  SyN. 
Alien  ;  remote  ;  extrinsic. 

For'eign-er  (tor'in-),  n.  An 
alien,  or  one  from  another 
country.  [know  before. 

Fore-know'  (-no'),  v.  t.    To 

Fore-knowl'edge  (-nol'ej), 
n.  Knowledge  of  future 
events.  [or  cape. 

Fore'land,  n.    A  promontory 

Fore'look,  n.  A  lock  of  hair 
on  the  forehead. 

Fore'man  (21),  n.  The  chief 
man  of  a  jury,  or  in  a  shop. 

Fore'most,  a.  First  in  order. 

Fore'nooa,  n.  First  half  of 
the  day.  [Courts  of  law. 

Fo-ren'si€,  a.      Relating  to 

Fcre'or-dain',  v.  t.  To  or- 
dain beforehand. 

Fore-or'di-na'tion,  n.  Pre- 
vious appointment. 

Fore'part,  n.     Part  before. 

Fore-run',  v.  t.     To  precede. 

Fore-run'ner,  n.  One  sent 
before ;  a  precursor. 

Fore-see',  *.  t.  [p.  p.  fore- 
seen.]   To  see  beforehand. 

Fore-show',  v.  t.  [p.  p.  fore- 
shown.] To  indicate  be- 
forehand. 


115 

Fore'slght  (-sit),  n.  A  seeing 
beforehand.  [wood. 

Fdr'est,  n.        An    extensive 

Fore-Stall',  v.  t.  To  buy,  as 
goods, "before  they  reach  the 
market. 

F6r'est-er,  n.  One  who 
guards,  or  who  lives,  in  a 
forest. 

Fore'taste,  n.  Anticipation, 
—  v.  t.     To  anticipate. 

Fore-tell',  v.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
FORETOLD.]      To   predict. 

Fore'thought  (-thawt),  n. 
Previous  thought ;  provi- 
dent care.  [show. 

Fore-to'ken,  v.  t.     To  fore- 

Fdre'top,  n.  Platform  at  the 
head  of  a  mast. 

For-Sv'er,  adv.  Through 
endless  ages  ;  to  eternity. 

Fore-warn',  v.  t.  To  warn 
beforehand.       [admonition. 

Fore-warn'ing,  n.    Previous 

Fdr'feit  (fdVfit),  *.  t.  To  lose 
by  an  offense.  — n.  What  is 
lost  by  an  offense. 

F6r'feit-a-ble,  a.  Subject  to 
forfeiture. 

F6r'feit-ure.  n.  Act  of  for- 
feiting ;  thing  forfeited. 

For-gave',  imp.  of  Forgive. 

Forge,  n.  A  place  where  iron 
is  beaten  into  form.  —  v.  t. 
To  form  by  hammering ;  to 
counterfeit. 

For'ger,  n.     One  who  forges. 

F6r'ger-y,  n.  Act  of  coun- 
terfeiting or  falsifying. 

For-get',  v.  t.  [imp.  for- 
got ;  p.  p.  FORGOT,  FOR- 
GOTTEN.] To  lose  the  re- 
membrance of. 

For-get'ful,  a.  Apt  to  forget. 

For-get'ful-ness,  n.  Aptness 
to  forget ;  neglect. 

For-glve',  v.  t.  [imp.  for- 
gave ;  p.  p.  FORGIVEN.] 
To  pardon. 

For-glve'ness,  n.    Pardon. 

For-g6t',  imp.  &.  p.  p.  from 
Forget.  [get. 

For-goften,  p.  p.  from  For- 

F6rk,f.  t.  or  t.  To  shoot  into 
branches  ;  to  divide.  —  n. 
An  instrument  with  prongs. 

Forked  (torkt),  a.  Divided 
into  branches  or  prongs. 


FORTIFICATION 

For-ldrn',  a.  Forsaken  and 
wretched  ;  helpless. 

Form,  n.  Shape ;  figure ; 
method  ;  manner  ;  model ; 
order  ;  show.  —  v.t.  To  give 
shape  to  ;  to  model ;  to  plan. 

Form,  n.    A  long  bench. 

Form'al,  a.  According  to 
form  ;  stiff;  precise  ;  exact. 

Form'al-ist,  n.  An  observer 
of  forms. 

For-mal'i-ty,n.  Observance 
of  ceremony.  [to  forms. 

F6rm'al-ly,  adv.    According 

For-ma'tion,  n.  Act  of  form- 
ing ;  creation  ;  production. 

F6rm'a-tive,rt.  Forming  or 
tending  to  form. —  n.  A 
word  formed  agreeably  to 
some  analogy. 

Form'er,  ft.    One  who  forms. 

For'mer,  a.  Fir^t  of  two  ; 
preceding ;  previous. 

F6r'mer-ly,  adv.  In  time 
past ;  of  old  ;  heretofore. 

F6r'mi-da-ble,  a.  Adapted 
to  excite  fear  ;  tremendous. 

F6r'mi-da-bly,  adv.  So  as  to 
excite  fear.  [form. 

F6rm'u-la  (25),  n.  Prescribed 

F6rm'u-la-ry,  n.  A  book  of 
stated  forms.  —  a.  Stated. 

For'ni-ea'tion,  n.  Inconti- 
nence of  unmarried  persons.  . 

For'ni-ea'tor,  n.  One  guilty 
of  fornication. 

For-sake',  v.  t.  [imp.  for- 
sook ;  p.  p.  FORSAKEN.] 
To  quit  entirely.  —  Syn. 
To  abandon ;  relinquish. 

For-sak'en,  a.     Abandoned. 

For-sooth',  adv.     In  truth. 

For-swear',f.  t.  or  i.  [imp. 

FORSWORE  ;  p.  p.  FOR- 
SWORN.] To  renounce  or 
deny  upon  oath ;  to  swear 
falsely. 

Fort,  n.    A  fortress;  castle. 

Forte,  n.  That  in  which  one 
excels. 

Forth,  adv.  Forward ;  abroad. 

Forth-eom'ing  (-kiim'ing), 
a.  Ready  to  appear. 

Forth-with'  or  Forth-with', 
adv.  Immediately. 

For'ti-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Military 
architecture ;  a  work  for  de- 
fense ;  a  fortified  place. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took ;  urn,  rue,  p'.ill ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g.  hard;  as. ;  exist ;  nasng;  this. 


FOKTIFY 


116 


FREE 


F6r'ti-fy\  v.  t.  To  erect  works 
for  the  defense  of ;  to  con- 
firm. 

For'ti-tude,  n.  Firmness  of 
mind  to  endure.  —  SVN. 
Resolution  ;  endurance. 

Fort/night  (-nit),  ft.  The 
rpaee  of  two  weeks. 

For'tress,  n.  A  fortified  place. 

For-tu'i-tous,  a.   Accidental. 

For-tu'i-ty,  n.  Any  thing  oc- 
curring by  chance. 

Fort'u-nate,  a.  Lucky  ;  suc- 
cessful, [fully. 

F6rt-u-nate-ly,rt^?).  Success- 

Fort'une  (frorfyun),  n.  The 
good  or  ill  that  befalls  man  ; 
luck  ;  riches.  —  v.  i.  To 
happen  ;  to  befall. 

For'ty,  a.  Four  tens  added. 

Fo'rum  (18),  n.  A  public 
place  in  Rome  ;  court  of 
justice ;  tribunal. 

For'ward,  a.  Being  before; 
prompt  ;  bold.  — v.  t.  To 
advance;  to  promote.  —  adv. 
In  front ;  onward. 

For'ward-ness,  n.  Eager- 
ness ;  promptness. 

Fosse,  ft.     A  ditch  ;  a  moat. 

Fos'sil,  a.  Dug  from  the 
earth.  — n.  A  petrified  plant 
or  animal  dug  from  the 
earth. 

Fos'sil-if'er-ous,  a.  Contain- 
ing fossil  remains. 

F6s'ter,  v.  t.  To  nurse  ;  to 
feed ;  to  cherish. 

FSs'ter-broth'er,  n.  One 
nursed  at  the  same  breast. 

F6s'ter-chlld,  n.  A  child 
nursed  by  another  than  its 
parent. 

F6th'er,  n.  A  weight  of  lead. 

Fought  (fawt),  imp.  and  p.  p. 
of  Fight. 

Foul,  a.  Turbid  ;  impure:  de- 
filed; not  clear  or  fair. — 
v.  t.     To  make  foul. 

Foul'ly,  adv.    Filthily. 

Foul'ncss,  n.  Filthiness. 

Found,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Find. 
—  v.  t.  To  lay  a  basis  ;  to 
cast  of  metal. 

Foun-da/tion.  ft.  Settlement ; 
bottom  ;  support. 

Found'er,  n.  One  who 
founds  or  builds  ;  a  caster  of 


wares,  —v.i.     To  fill  and 
sink.  —  v.  t.  To  make  lame. 

Foun'der-y,  )  n.    A  place  for 

Found'ry,  )  casting  met- 
als. 

Fcund'ling,  n.  A  deserted 
or  exposed  child. 

Fount,  )  ft.      A    spring  ; 

Fount'ain,  )  source  ;  jet ; 
head  of  a  river  ;  first  cause. 

Four,  a.  Two  and  two  added. 

Four'fobt-ed,  a.  Having  four 
feet. 

Fpur'i-er-ism,  n.  The  scheme 
of  Fourier  for  the  reorgan- 
ization of  society. 

Four's-eore,  a.     Eighty. 

Four'teen,  n.   Four  and  ten. 

Fourth,  a.  Next  after  the 
third.  [place. 

Fourth'ly,  adv.  In  the  fourth 

Fowl,  ft.  A  winged  animal  ; 
a  bird.  —  v.  i.  To  catch  or 
kill  wild  fowl. 

Fowl'er,  n.  A  sportsman  who 
catches  birds. 

Fowl'ing-piece,  n.  A  gun  for 
shooting  birds 

F6x,  ft.  A  wild 
animal  remark- 
able for  its  cun- 
ning. 

Fra'cas  (18),  n.  A  noisy  quar- 
rel. 

Fra-e'tion,  n.  Tart  of  an  in- 
teger or  whole  number. 

Frae'tion-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  consisting  in,  frac-  j 
tions. 

Fractious  (friik'shus),  a. 
Cross  ;  fretful. 

Fraet'ure,  ft,  A  breach  of  a 
solid. — v.  t.  To  break  or 
crack,  as  a  bone. 

Frag'ile,  a.  Easily  broken  ; 
brittle  ;  weak. 

Fra-gll'i-ty,  ft.  Brittleness  ; 
frailty  ;  weakness. 

Frag'ment,  n.  A  piece  bro- 
ken off;  a  small  portion. 

Frag'ment-a-ry,  a.  Com- 
posed of  fragments. 

Fra/grance,  ».  Sweetness  of 
smell. 

Fra'grant,  a.  Sweet-smell- 
ing. 

Frail,  a.  "Weak  ;  liable  to  er- 
ror;  of  easy  virtue. 


Fox. 


Frail'ty,  n.  Weakness;  in- 
firmity ;  foible. 

Frame,  v.  t.  To  construct; 
to  adjust  and  put  together; 
to  form.  —  ».  Fabric  ; 
structure  ;  timbers  of  an 
edifice  ;  form  ;  humor. 

Frame'-work  (-wf»rk),  n. 
The  frame. 

Fran<;,  n.  A  French  coin, 
value  of  18  cents,  6  mills. 

Fran'chige  (frftn'chTz),  ».  A 
privilege  ;  immunity. 

Fran'chlse-ment,  n.  Re- 
lease, [break. 

Fran'gi-ble,   a.       Liable    to 

Frank,  a.  Free  in  uttering 
sentiments  ;  without  dis- 
guise ;  candid ;  ingenuous. 
—  n.  A  free  letter,  or  that 
which  makes  it  so.  — v.  t. 
To  exempt  from  postage. 

Frank-in'gense,  or  Frank'- 
in-gense,  n.  A  fragrant 
resinous  substance.  [ly. 

Frank'ly.  adv.  Freely  ;  open- 

Frank'ness,  n.  Ingenuous- 
ness ;  openness. 

Fran'ti-e,  a.  Transported 
with  passion  ;  wild. 

Fra-ter'nal,  a.     Brotherly. 

Fra-ter'ni-ty,  ft.  A  brother- 
hood. 

Fra'ter-nlze,  or  Fra-ter'- 
nize,  v.i.  To  associate  as 
brothers. 

Frat'ri-gide,  n.  Murder,  or 
the  murderer,  of  a  brother. 

Fraud,  n.    Deception  ;  deceit. 

Fraud'u-lenge,  n.  Fraud  ; 
deceitt'ulness. 

Fraud'u-lent,  a.  Deceitful; 
crafty  ;  trickish. 

Fraught  (frawt),  a.  Loaded  ; 
laden  ;  filled  ;   full. 

Fray,  n.     A  quarrel ;  a  riot. 

Freak,  n.  A  whim  ;  a  no- 
tion, [odd. 

Freak'ish,  a.      "Whimsical  ; 

Freck'le  (fireVr),  n.  A  yellow- 
ish spot;  on  the  skin.       [leS. 

Freck'led,  a.      Full  of  freck- 

Freck'ly,  a.  Marked  with 
freckles. 

Free,  a.  Being  at  liberty; 
candid  ;  liberal ;  easy  ;  licen- 
tious.—  v.  t.  To  deliver 
from  restraint. 


fi,  e, I,  o,  u, y,  long;  a,  &,  i,  6,  G,  y,  short ;  care, oar,  ask,  all,  what ;  Ore,  veil,  tSrm  ;  p.'que,  firm 


FREEBOOTER 


117 


FROSTY 


Free'bdbt-er,  n.    A  robber. 

Free'b6rn,  a.    Born  free. 

Freed'man  (21),  n.  A  man 
freed  from  slavery. 

Free'dom,  n.  Exemption 
from  the  control  of  another ; 
liberty  ;  familiarity. 

Free'hold,  n.  Land  held  by 
free  tenure.  [freehold. 

Free'hold-er,  n.    Owner  of  a 

Free'ly,  adv.  At  liberty  ; 
liberally  ;  in  abundance. 

Free'man  (21),  n.  One  who 
enjoys  liberty,  or  is  entitled 
to  the  privileges  of  citizen- 
ship. 

Free'-s-ehdbl  (-sko~ol),  n.  A 
school  open  to  all. 

Free'stone,  n.  A  sandstone 
easily  cut. 

Free'think-er,  n.  One  who 
disbelieves  in  revelation. 

Free-will',  n.  Power  of  act- 
ing at  pleasure. 

Freeze,   v.    t.    or   ».    [imp. 

FROZE  ;    p.    p.     FROZEN.] 

To  congeal  with  cold  ;  to 
die  by  cold. 

Freight  (frat),  n.  Lading  of 
a  ship.  —  v.  t.  To  load,  as 
a  vessel. 

Freight'er  (frat'-),  n.  One 
who  receives  and  forwards 
freight. 

French,  a.  Belonging  to 
France.  — n.  The  lauguage 
of  France. 

French'-horn,  n.  A  wind- 
instrument  of  music. 

Fren'zy,  n.  Distraction  of 
mind.  [often  repeated. 

Fre'quen-Qy,  n.    Occurrence 

Fre'quent,  a.  Often  done, 
or  happening. 

Fre-quent',  v.  t.  To  visit 
often. 

Fre-quSnt'a-tive,  a.  Denot- 
ing frequent  repetition. 

Fre'quent-ly,  adv.    Often. 

Fres'-eo,  «.  A  kind  of  paint- 
ing on  plaster. 

Fresh,  a.  New  and  strong ; 
recently  made,  or  obtained  ; 
rusv  ;  green  ;  cool  ;  brisk  ; 
not  salt.  —  n.     A  freshet. 

Fresh/en  (fresh'n),  v.  t.  To 
make  fresh  ;  to  revive. 

Fresh'et,  n.  A  flood  in  rivers. 


j  FreshHy,  adv.     In  a  fresh 
I      manner ;  newly. 
'  Fresh'man  (21),  n.    One  of 
|      the    youngest    class   in  an 
!      American  college. 

Fresh'ness,  n.  State  of  be- 
ing fresh. 

Fret  (7),  v.  I.  or  t.  To  irri- 
tate ;  to  be  peevish  ;  to  cor- 
rode. —  n.  Irritation  of 
mind. 

Fret'ful  (17),  a.  Disposed  to 
fret.  —  Syn.  Peevish  ;  cross. 

Fr6t'ful-ly,  adv.  In  a  fretful 
manner ;  peevishly. 

Fret'ful-ness,  n.  Peevish- 
ness." [work. 

Fret'work  (-wfJrk),  n.  Baised 

Fri'a-bll'i-ty,     I  n.  Thequal- 

Frl'a-ble-ness,  )  ity  of  be- 
ing easily  reduced  to  powder. 

Fri'a-ble,  a.  Easily  crumbled. 

Frl'ar,  n.  A  member  of  any 
religious  order;  a  monk. 

Fri'ar-y.  n.     A  monastery. 

Fri-c'as-see',  n.  Dish  of 
stewed  or  fried  fowls.  —  v.  t . 
To  dress  in  fricassee. 

Fric'tion,  n.  A  rubbing; 
attrition.  [of  the  week. 

Fri'day,  n.     The  sixth   day 

Friend,  n.  A  person  attached 
to  another  by  affection  ;  a 
Quaker.  [friends. 

Friend'less,   a.         AVithout 

Friend'li-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  friendly. 

Friend'ly,  a.  Kind  ;  amica- 
ble ;  favorable. 

Friend'ship,  n.  Intimacy 
based  on  mutual  esteem. 

Frieze,  n.  A  coarse  woolen 
cloth,  with  a  nap ;  part  of 
an  entablature  of  a  column. 

Frlg'ate,  n.  A  ship  of  war, 
carrying  from  28  to  50  guns. 

Fright  (frit),  n.  Sudden  ter- 
ror; panic. 

Fright'en  (frit'n),  v.  t.  To 
affect  with  sudden  terror. 

Frlght'ful  (frif-),  a.  Adapt- 
ed to  excite  sudden  terror. 

Frlght'ful-ly  (frit'-),  adv. 
Dreadfully. 

Fright'ful-ness  (frit'-),  n. 
Quality  of  impressing  sud- 
den terror.  [sensible. 

Frig'id,  a.    Cold;  dull;  in- 


Frf-gid'i-ty,  n.    Coldness. 

Frill  (1),  n.     A  ruffle. 

Fringe,  n.  A  kind  of  trim- 
ming. —  v.  t.  To  adorn 
with  fringe. 

Frip'per-y,  n.  Old  clothes ; 
useless  matter. 

Frisk,  v.i.  To  leap ;  to  dance. 

Frisk'i-ness  (13),  n.  Liveli- 
ness ;  gayety.  [some. 

Frisk'y,  a.  Lively  :  frolic- 
Frith,  it.  Narrow  Arm  of  a  sea. 

Frit'ter,  n.  A  kind  of  pan- 
cake. —  v.  t.  To  break  into 
fragments. 

Fri-v61'i-ty ,  n.  Acts  or  habits 
of  trifling.  [fling. 

Friv'o-lous,  a.      Light ;  tri- 

Friz,  or  Frizz,  v.  t.  To  curl 
or  crisp. 

Friz'zle  (frYz'zl),  v.  t.  Tocrisp 
in  short  curls.  —  n.  A  little 
crisp  curl. 

Fro,  adv.    From  ;  back. 

Frock,  n.   An  outer  garment. 

Fr6g,  n.  A  well-known  am- 
phibious animal. 

Frol'ie  (5),  a.  Playful.  —  n. 
A  wild  prank  ;  merriment. 
—  r.  ?'.  (6)  To  be  merry. 

Fr61'i«-s6me,rt.  Full  of  gay- 
ety aud  mirth. 

From,  prep.  Out  of;  by  rea- 
son of;  by  aid  of. 

Fr6nd,  n.  The  leaf  peculiar 
to  palms  and  ferns. 

Fron-des'genqe,  n.  Time  of 
putting  forth  leaves. 

Front  (frunt),  n.  The  fore- 
part ;  forehead  ;  face  ;  im- 
pudence.—  v.  t.  To  stand 
before  ;  to  stand  or  oppose 
face  to  face.  —  v.  i.  To  stand 
foremost  or  opposite. 

Front'age,  n.  The  front  part 
of  an  edifice  or  lot. 

Front'ier,  s.  The  utmost 
verge  of  a  country. —  a. 
Bordering. 

Fr6nt'is-piece,  n.  A  picture 
at  the  beguiniug  of  a  book. 

Front'let.  n.  A  bandage  worn 
on  the  forehead. 

Frost,  n.  Frozen  dew.  —  v.  t. 
To  cover  with  frost,  or  with 
something  like  frost. 

Fr6st'y,  a.  Like  frost ;  freez- 
ing. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  tc7o,  tcTok ;  Qrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


FROTH 


118 


FURZE 


FrSth,  n.  Foam ;  empty  show 
of  wit. 

Frdth'y,  a.    Full  of  froth. 

Frounge,  v.  t.    To  frizzle. 

Frou'zy,  a.    Musty  ;  fetid. 

Fro'ward,  a.  Perversely  dis- 
obedient. —  Syn.  Refract- 
ory ;  wayward  ;  cross. 

Frown,  *'.  A  scowl.  —  v.  i. 
To  express  displeasure  by 
contracting  the  brow ;  to 
scowl. — v.  t.  To  rebuke 
with  a  look.  [Freeze. 

Fr5ze,    imp.   and   p.    p.    of 

Fro'zen,  p.  p.  of  Freeze. 

Frue'ti-fi-ea'tion.  n.  Act 
of  fructifying. 

Fru-e'ti-fy,  v.  t.  To  make 
fruitful ;  to  fertilize. 

Fru'gal,  a.  Saving  of  ex- 
penses ;  econoaiical. 

Fru-gal'i-ty,  n.  Prudent 
economy  ;  thrift.  [omy. 

Fru'gal-ly,  adv.     With  econ- 

Frii-gifer-ous,  a.  Bearing  j 
or  producing  fruit. 

Fruit,  n.  Produce  of  the ! 
earth,  of  trees,  or  animals;  j 
effect  or  consequence.    [eral. 

Fruit'age,  n.     Fruit  in  gen-  \ 

Friiit'er-er,  n.  One  who  deals  ; 
in  fruit.       [fertile;  prolific. 

Fruit'ful,a.  Producing  fruit , 

Friiit'ful-ness,  n.  Produc- 
tiveness ;  fertility. 

Fru-i'tion  (-ish'un),  n.  En- 
joyment ;  realization. 

Fruitless,  a.  Destitute  of 
fruit. 

Fruit' -tree.  n.  A  tree  culti- 
vated for  its  fruit. 

Fru'men-ty,  n.  Food  made 
of  wheat  boiled  iu  milk. 

Frush,  n.  A  tender  horn  in 
the  sole  of  a  horse. 

Frustrate,  v.  t.  To  disap- 
point ;  to  defeat;  to  nullify. 

Frus-tra'tion,  n.  Disappoint- 
ment :  defeat. 

Frus'tum,  n.  (pi. Frus'th  or 
Frus'tums.)  Part  of  a 
solid  left  after  cutting  off 
the  top. 

Fry,  v.  t.  To  cook  with  fat 
in  a  frying-pan.  — v.  i.  To 
be  heated,  as  meat  in  a  pan 
over  the  fire.  — n.  A  crowd 
of  small  fish. 


Fry'ing-pan,  n.  A  kitchen 
utensil  to  fry  food  in. 

Fud'dle,r.  t.  To  make  drunk. 

Fii'el,  n.  Any  substance  that 
feeds  fire,      [away  ;  volatile. 

'Fu-ga'eious,      a.        Fleeing 

Fu-gag'i-ty,  n.    Volatility. 

Fu'gi-tive,  a.  Flying;  wan- 
dering. —  n.     A  runaway. 

Ffi'gle-man  (21),  n  One  who 
stands  in  front  of  soldiers  at 
drill  to  direct  them. 

Fugue  (fug),  n.  A  repetition 
of  parts  in  music. 

Fulcrum,       n.  A  e 

[pi.  Ful'-eraor 
F 


n.  a  ur-era  or  jr 
'ul'crums,  Up 
3.)     The  prop    \. 


"w(5 


25.)     xneprop    Fulcrum. 
on     which      a    Ai  lever;   c, 
lever  rests.  fulcrum;  w, 

Fill-fill'  {(16),  v.  t.    weight. 

Ful-fll'   I   To  carry  into  effect. 

Ful-fill'ment,  /  n.    Perform- 

Ful-fil'ment,   i      ance. 

Full,  a.  Having  all  it  can  con- 
tain; complete.  — n.  Com- 
plete measure. — adv.  Quite. 
—  v.  t.  To  thicken  and 
scour,  as  cloth,  in  a  mill. 

Full'er,  n.  One  who  fulls  cloth. 

Full'ness,  I  n.    State  of  being 

Ful'ness,    \      full  ;  repletion. 

Ful'ly,  adv.      To  the   full. 

Ful'mi-nate,  v.  t.  or  ?'.  To 
explode ;  to  denounce. 

Ful'mi-na'tion,  n.  Explo- 
sion ;  denunciation  of  cen- 
sure, [gusting. 

Ful'some,    a.       Gross  ;    dis- 

Fum'ble,  v.  i.  To  attempt 
awkwardly  ;  to  grope  about. 

Fume,  n.  "Vapor;  rage.— 
V   i.     To  smoke ;  to  rage. 

Fu'mi-gate,  v.  t.    To  smoke. 

Fu'mi-ga'tion,  n.  Diffusion 
of  smoke  or  vapors. 

Fun,  n.     Sport ;  merriment. 

Function,  n.  Office;  em- 
ployment,      [to  some  office. 

Fun€'tion-al,  a.     Pertaining 

Fun€'tion-a-ry,  n.  One  who 
holds  an  office ;  an  official. 

Fund,  n.  A  stock  ;  capital  ; 
(pi.)  money  for  supplies.  — 
v.  t.     To  invest  in  funds. 

Fun'da-ment,  n.    The  seat. 

Fun'da-ment'al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  foundation. 


Fun'da-ment  'al-ly,  adv. 
Primarily  ;  essentially. 

Fu'ner-al,  n.  A  burial,  —a. 
Used  at  the  interment  of  the 
dead.  [neral. 

Fu-ne're-al,  a.    Suiting  a  fu- 

Fun-gos'i-ty,  n.  Fungous  ex- 
crescence,     [room  ;  spongy. 

Fun'gous,  a.     Like  a  mush- 

Fun'gus,  n.  An  order  of 
plants  including  mush- 
rooms, mold,  &c.  ;  proud 
flesh. 

Fu-m-c'u-lar,  a.  Consisting 
of  a  small  fiber. 

Fun'nel,  n.  Passage  for 
smoke  ;  a  tunnel. 

Fun'ny,  a.     Droll ;  comical. 

Fur,  n.  Fine,  soft  hair ;  skins. 

Fur'be-low,  n.  Fur  or  fringe 
round  the  lower  part  of  a 
lady's  dress.  [scour. 

Fur'bish,  v.  t.   To  polish  ;  to 

Fur'-eate,  a.     Forked. 

Fu'ri-ous,  a.  Rushing  vio- 
lently.—Syn.  Vehement; 
boisterous;  fierce;  mad. 

Fu'ri-ous-ly,  adv.  With 
great  vehemence  ;  madly. 

Furl,  v.  l.  To  fold  and  fasten 
to  a  yard,  &c.  [mile. 

Fur'long,  v.      Eighth    of  a 

Fur'lough  (fQr'lo),  n.  Tem- 
porary leave  of  absence. 

Fur'nage,  n.  A  place  for 
melting  metals,  &c. ;  an  in- 
closed fire-place. 

Fur'nish,  v.  t.  To  supply  ;  to 
provide  ;  to  equip,      [goods. 

Fur'ni-ture,     n.        Movable 

Ftir'ri-er,  w.  A  dealer  in  furs. 

Fuc'row,  n.  A  trench  made 
by  a  plow.  —  v.  t.  To  cut  in 
furrows ;  to  wrinkle. 

Fur'rv,  n.   Covered  with  fur. 

Fur'ther,  a.  More  distant ; 
additional.  —  adv.  To  a 
greater  distance.  —  v.  t.  To 
assist ;  to  promote.       [tion. 

Fur'ther-anQe,  n.      Promo- 

Fur'ther-more,  adv.  More- 
over ;  besides. 

Fur'ther-most,   )   a.      Most 

Fur'thest,  (     distant. 

Fur'tive,.  a.  Obtained  by 
stealth  ;  secret ;  sly. 

Furze,  n.  A  thorny  ever- 
green shrub. 


5,  e,  1, 5,  u,  y,  long ;  &,  e,  J,  5,  ti, $, short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pVque,  firm ; 


FURY 

Fii'ry,  n.  Madness ;  passion ; 
a  raging  woman. 

Frige,  v.  t.  To  liquefy  by 
heat.  —  v.  i.     To  be  melted. 

Fu-see',  n.     A  firelock. 

Fu'gi-bil'i-ty,  n.  Quality  of 
being  fusible.  [melted. 

Fu'si-ble,a.  Capable  of  being 

Fu'gil,  a.  Capable  of  being 
melted.  —  n.  A  light  mus- 
ket. 

Fu'si-leer',  n.  An  infantry 
soldier  with  a  bear-skin  cap. 


119 

Fu'sion  (fQ'zhun),  n.      The 

operation    of   converting  a 

solid  into  a  liquid  by  heat ; 

union,  as  of  parties. 
Fuss,  n.    A  tumult ;  bustle. 
Fuss'y,  a.     Bustling  in  small 

matters. 
Fus'tian    (fust'yan),    n.      A 

kind  of  coarse  cotton  stuff; 

a  swelling  style  ;  bombast. 
Fu'tile,    a.      Useless;    vain; 

worthless ;  ineffectual. 
Fu-til'i-ty,  n.    Want  of  im- 


GAME 

portance  or  effect ;  useless- 

ness. 
Fut'tock,    n.      One    of    the 

timbers  over  a  ship's  keel. 
Fut'ure  (fut'yur),  a.     Liable 

to  come  or  be  hereafter.  — 

n.     Time  to  come. 
Fu-tu'ri-ty,  n.     Future  time 

or  event ;  the  future. 
Fuzz  (3),  v.  t.     To  fly  off  in 

small   particles.  —  n.    Fine, 

light  particles.  [tempt. 

Fy,  interj.    Expressing  con- 


G. 


GAB,  n.  The  mouth  ;  lo- 
quacity. 

Gab'ar-dine,  n.  A  kind  of 
coarse  frock. 

Gab'ble,  r.  t.  To  talk  fast  or 
without  meaning. — n  Loud 
or  rapid  and  senseless  talk. 

Ga'bi-on,  n.  A  wicker  cylin- 
der filled  with  earth,  us,ed in 
hasty  defenses. 

Ga/ble,  n.  Triangular  end 
of  a  building. 

Gad,  v.  i.  'i'o  ramble  or  rove. 

Gad'a-bout,  I  n.      One   who 

Gad'der,  J  roves  about 
idly.  [stings  cattle. 

Gad'fly,  n.     An  insect  which 

Gaff  (1),  n.  A  sort  of  boom 
or  yard. 

Gag,  v.  t.  To  stop  the  mouth 
of.  —  v.  ?'.  To  heave  with 
nausea.  —  n.  Something 
thrust  into  the  mouth,  to 
hinder  speaking. 

Gage,  n.  A  pledge  ;  a  meas- 
ure.—  v.l.  To  pledge;  to 
measure,  as  a  cask. 

Gai'ly.     See  Gayly. 

Gain,  n.  Profit;  advantage. 
—  v.  t.  To  obtain  ;  to  reach. 

Gain'ful  (17),  a.  Producing 
profit;  .lucrative. 

Gain-say',  or  Gain'sav,  v.  t. 
[imp.  &  p.  p.  GAINSAID.] 
To  deny  ;  to  contradict. 

Gain-say'er,  or  Gain'say-er, 
n.  One  who  gainsays. 


Gair'ish,  a.  Gaudy ;  showy. 

Gait,  n.    Manner  of  walking. 

Gait'er,  n.  A  covering  for  the 
leg  or  foot. 

Ga'la,  n.    Show;  festivity. 

Gal'ax-y,  n.  The  milky  way ; 
a  splendid  assemblage. 

Gale,  n.     A  strong  wind. 

Gall(l),n.  The  bile  ;  rancor ; 
an  excrescence  on  the  oak 
—  v.  t.  To  hurt  the  skin  of; 
to  fret ;  to  vex. 

Gal-lant',  n.  A  man  attentive 
•toladies;  alover. — v.t.  To 
wait  on,  as  a  lndy.  —  a.  Po- 
lite and  attentive  to  ladies 

Gal'lant,  a.  High-spirited  ; 
daring  in  fight ;  brave. 

Gal'lant-ly,  adv.    Bravely. 

Gal-lant'ly,  adv.  In  the 
manner  of  a  gallant. 

Gal'lant-ry,  n.  Bravery ;  no- 
bleness ;  politeness  to  ladies. 

Gal'le-on,  n.  A  large  Spanish 
ship  formerly  in  use. 

Gal'ler-y  (19),  n.  A  platform 
with  seats,  supported  by 
brackets  or  pillars. 

Gal'ley  (19),  n.  A  kind  of  low 
fiat-built  vessel ;  cook-room 
of  a  ship  of  war  ;  a  frame 
for  holding  type  that  has 
been  set  up. 

Gal'ley-slave,  n.  A  slave 
who  works  in  the  galleys. 

Gal'lie,  a.     French.         [om. 

Galli-gism,  n.  A  French  idi- 


Galli-gas'king,  n.  pi.  Leath- 
er guards  for  the  legs. 

GaPli-na'ceous,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  barn-door  fowls. 

Gal'li-p6t,  n.  A  small  pot 
painted  and  glazed,  used  by 
apothecaries. 

Gall  '-nut,  n.  An  excrescence 
on  the  oak.  [quarts. 

Gal'lon,  n.  A  measure  of  four 

Gal-loon',  n.  A  kind  of  rib- 
bon of  silk,  cotton,  &c. 

Gal'lop(8),r.  i.  To  move  by 
leaps,  as  a  horse.  —  n.  A 
running  by  leaps. 

Gal'lows  (gal'lus), 
n.  A  frame  for 
the  execution  of 
criminals. 

Ga-ldche'  (-WA'),( 
n.  An  over-shoe. 

Gal-van  'in,         a.     Gallows. 
Pertaining  to  galvanism. 

Gal'van-ism,n.  A  species  of 
electricity. 

Gal'van-Ize,  v.  t.  Toaffect  by 
galvanism. 

Gam'ble,  v.t.  To  play  for 
money.  [bles. 

Gam'bler,  n.    One  who  gam- 

Gam-bpge',  or  Gam-boge', 
n.     A  yellowish  gum-resin. 

Gam'bol,  n.  A  skipping  and 
leaping.  —  v.  ?'.  To  leap  and 
skip.  [horse. 

Gam'brel,  n.     Hind  leg  of  a 

Game,  n.     Sport ;  play  ;  ani- 


son,  6c,  dQ,  w^lf,  to~o,  tobk  ;   urn,  rue,  pyll ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


GAMESOME 

mala  hunted.  —  v.  i.  To 
play  for  money  ;  to  sport. 

Game'some,  u.  Gay ;  sport- 
ive, [to  gaming. 

Game'ster,  n.     One  addicted 

Gam'mon,  n.  Thigh  of  a  hog 
smoked  ;  a  hoax ;  humbug. 
— v.  t.  To  pickle  and  suioke  ; 
to  impose  upon.         [music. 

Gam'ut,  n.     Scale  of  notes  in 

Gan'der,  n.  Male  of  the  goose. 

Gang,  n.     A  crew;  a  band. 

Gan'gli-on,  n.  A  tumor  in 
the  tendinous  parts. 

Gan'grene,  n.  Mortification 
of  lies h.  —  v.     To  mortify. 

Gan'gre-nous,  a.    Mortified. 

Gangue  (gang),  n.  The  min- 
eral substance  inclosing  a 
vein  of  metallic  ore. 

Gang'way,  n.     A  passage. 

Gant'let,  n.  A  kind  of  mili- 
tary punishment. 

Gaol  (jll),  n.  A  jail. 

Gap,  n.  A  breach  ;  opening. 

Gape,  v.  i.  To  open  the  mouth 
wide.  [pearance. 

Garb,  n.  Clothes  ;  dress ;  ap- 

Garb'age,  n.  OlTals  of  ani- 
mals, [to  mutilate. 

Gar'ble,  v.  t     To  pick  out; 

Gar'den,  n.  A  place  for  the 
cultivation  of  plants,  fruits, 
flowers,  &c.  [a  garden. 

G:ir'den-er,  n.  One  who  tills 

Gar'get,  n.  A  disease  in  the 
udders  of  cows. 

Gar'gle,  v.  t.  To  rinse,  as  the 
throat.  — n.  A  liquid  for 
■washing  the  throat. 

Gar'land(18),  n.  A  wreath  of 
flowers. 

Gar'li-c,  n.  A  plant  having  a 
strong  smell  and  taste. 

Giir'ment,  n.  An  article  of 
clothing. 

Gar'ncr,  n.  A  store-house  for 
grain.  —  v.  t.  To  store  in  a 
granary.  [or  gem. 

Gar'net,  n.     A  red  mineral 

Gar'nish,  v.  t.  To  adorn  ;  to 
decorate. — n.  Decoration. 

Gar'nish-ee',  n.  One  in  whose 
hands  property  of  another 
is  attached. 

Gar'nish-ment,  )  n .     Furni- 

Gar'ni-ture,  )  ture;  or- 
nament; decoration. 


120 

Gar 'ret,  n.    Part  of  a  house 

directly  under  the  roof. 
Gar'ret-eer',  n.     One   who 

lives  in  a  garret. 
Gar'ri-son,  n.      A  body  of 

troops  in  a  fort.  —  v.  t.    To 

place  soldiers  in  for  defense. 
Gar-rote',  e   t.    To  seize  by 

the  throat  from  behind,  so  as 

to  strangle  and  rob.  [ness. 
Gar-ru'Ji-ty,  n.  Talkative- 
Gar'ru-lous,  a.      Talkative ; 

loquacious. 
Gar'ter,  n.     A  band  to  hold 

up  a  stocking. — v.  t.    To 

fasten  with  a  garter. 
Gas,  n.    {Pi.  Gas'e§,  7,18) 

Ah  aeriform,  elastic  fluid. 
Gas'eon-ade'jM-   A  boasting. 

—  v.  i.  To  boast.  [gas. 
Gas'e-ous,  a.  In  the  form  of 
Gash,n.  A  deep  and  long  cut. 

—  v.  t.    To  make  a  long, 
deep  cut  in. 

Gasom'e-ter,  n.  A  reservoir 
for  collecting  gases. 

Gasp,  v.  i.  To  labor  for 
breath.  — v.  t.  To  emit  con- 
vulsively.—  n.  A  painful 
catching  of  the  breath. 

Gas'tri€,  a.  Belonging  to  the 
stomach.  . 

Gas-tr6n'o-mer,  n.  One  who 
likes  good  living. 

Gas'tro-nSm'i*,  a.  Pertaift- 
ing  to  gastronomy. 

Gas-trSn'o-my,  n.  Art  of 
good  living ;  epicurism. 

Gate,  n.  Passage-way  ;  a  large 
door  or  frame- work  for  clos- 
ing a  passage.  [a  gate. 

Gate'way,  n.  A  way  through 

Gafch'er,  v.  t  or  i.  To  collect. 

—  n.     A  plait  «r  fold. 

Gaud'i-ness,  n.    Showiness. 

Gaud'y  (13),  a.  Showy  ;  os- 
tentatiously fine. 

Gauge  (gjj),v  .'.  To  measure 
the  conten  ts  of,  as  of  a  cask. 

—  n.    A  measure  ;  a  rod  for 
measuring.  [gauges. 

Gaug'er  (ga'jer),  n.  One  who 
Gaunt  (gant),  a.  Lean  ;  thin. 
Gaunt'let,  n.    A  glove  with 

metal  plates  on  the  back  ;  a 

long  glove. 
Gauze,  n.  A  thin  silk  or  linen. 
Gave,  imp.  of  Give. 


Gazelle. 


GENERALIZATION 

Gav'el,  n.  A  small  heap  of 
grain  ;  mallet  of  a  presiding 
officer. 

Gawk,  n.  A  cuckoo  ;  a  fool. 

Gawk'y,  a.  Foolish ;  awk- 
ward. —  n.  An  awkward  or 
stupid  person. 

Gay,  a.  Cheerful ;  merry ;  jo- 
vial ;  fine  ;  showy. 

Gay'e-ty,  n.     Merriment. 

Gay'ly  (14),  adv.    Merrily. 

Gaze,  v.  i.  To  look  intently. 
—  n.  A  fixed  or  eager  look. 

Ga-z611e',  n.  A 
kind  of  antelope. 

Ga-zette',  n.  A 
Dewspaper. —  v. 
t.  To  announce 
officially. 

Gaz'et-teer'.    n. 
A  geographical  dictionary ; 
a  writer  for  a  gazette. 

Gaz'ing-stock,  n.   One  gazed 

_  at  with  scorn. 

Gear, n.  Goods;  dress;  ap- 
paratus; harness.  —  v.  t.  To 

_  put  gear  on.  S 

Geese,  v.  pi.  of  Goose. 

Gel'a-tme  (30),  n  An  animal 
substance  that  forms  jelly. 

Ge-lat'i-ncus,  a.   Of  the  uat- 

_  ure  of  gelatine. 

Geld,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
gelded  or  GELT.]  To  cas- 
trate. 

Gel'id,  a.  Cold,  or  very  cold. 

Gem,  n.  A  bud  ;  a  precious 
stone. — v.  t.  (7)  To  adorn 
with  jewels.  —  v.  i.  To  bud. 

Gem-ma'tion,  n.     Form  of 

_  budding  in  plants. 

Gen'der,  n.  Sex,  male  or  fe- 
male. —  v.  To  beget ;  to  en- 

.  gender,     [ing  to  genealogy. 

Gen'e-a-log'ie-al,  a.  Pertain- 

Gen'e-al'o-gist,    n.        One 

.  skilled  in  genealogy. 

Gen'e-al'o-gy,  n.  History  of 
descents  ;  lineage  :  pedigree. 

Gen'er-a,  n.  pi.  of  Gtnvs, 

Gen'er-al,  a.  Common  ;  pub- 
lic. —  n.  Commander  of  an 
army.  # 

Ggn'er-al-is 'si-mo  (18),  n. 
Commander  in  chief. 

GSn'er-ai'i-ty,  n.  The  great- 
est part.  [generalizing. 

G6n'er-al-i-za'tion,  n.  Act  of 


a,  C,  1, 6,  u,  * ,  long ;  a,  e,  l,  6,  Q,  y ,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  ve.il,  term  ;  pique,  firm  : 


GENERALIZE 

G5n'er-al-Ize,  v.  t.    To  ar- 

#  range  under  general  heads. 

Gen'er-al-ly,  adv.  Common- 
ly- 

Gen'er-al-ship,  n.    The  skill 

.  or  conduct  of  a  general. 

GSa'er-ate,  v .  t.    To  beget. 

GSn'er-a'tion,  n.     A  race  ; 

.  family  ;  an  age.  [duce. 

G3n'er  a-tive.  a.  Able  to  pro- 

Gia'er-a'tor,  n.  Oue  who 
produces  or  begets. 

Ge-njr'ie,       I  a.       Compre- 

Gj-nSr'Lc-al,  1      heading,  or 

,  pertaining  to,  a  genus. 

GSa'er-di'i-ty,  n.    Liberality 

.  of  soul ;  magnanimity. 

G3n'er-OU3,  a.   Liberal;  free. 

G3n'e-sis,  n.  Origin  ;  the  first 
book  of  Scripture. 

Ge'ni-al,  a.  Contributing  to 
production  ;       enlivening  ; 

_  natural. 

G5'nie,  n.    A  ftbulous  being 

■  in  Arabian  mytholog /. 

G5n'i-tive,  n.  The  second 
case    of   Greek    and    Latiu 

%  nouns. 

G3'ni-us,  n.  (pi.  Ge'ni-I,  25) 

>  A  good  or  evil  spirit. 
Gea'i-us  (jln'yus,  18),  n.  Nat- 
ure ;     special    disposition  ; 
mental  superiority  ;  a  man 

m  of  remarkable  mental  vigor. 

Gens-d'armes  (zh5ng- 

diirm'),  n.  pi.    Armed  police 

'  in  France. 
Gen-teel',    a.       Polished  in 

m  manners  ;  polite. 
Gen-teei'ly,  ado.    With  po- 

m  lite  manners. 

GSn'tlle,  n.  Any  one  not  a 
Jew  ;  a  heathen.  — a.    Per- 

>  taining  to  heathen. 

Gen-til'i-ty,  n.    Politeness. 

G3n't)e,  a.  Well-born  ;  re- 
fined ;  not  wild.  —  Syn. 
Tame  ;  mild  ;  meek  ;  quiet. 

Gen'tle-folk  (-fok),     )  n.  pi. 

G3n'tle-f51ks  f-l5ks), J  Peo- 
ple of  good  birth  and  breed- 
ing. 

G5n'tle-man  (21),  if.  A  man 
of  good  breeding  and  educa- 
tion. 

G5n'tle-man-ly,  a.  Becom- 
ing a  gentleman  ;  polite  ;  re- 
fined. 


121 

GSn'tle-ness,  n.  Softness  of 
.  manners  ;  mildness,  [care. 
Gen'tly,  ado.  Softly  ;  with 
Gen'try,  n.  People  of  educa- 
tion and  good  breeding. 
Ge'nu-flee'tion,  or  Gsn'u- 
flec'tion,  n.     Act  of  bend- 

•  ing  the  knee. 

GSn'u-ine,  a.  Free  from  adul- 
teration ;  real ;  true ;  pure. 

Gen'u-ine-ness,  n.    A  genu- 
,  ine  quality  ;  purity. 
Ge'nus  (2.*>),  n.     A  class  em- 
bracing many  species. 
Ge'o-Q§n'tri€,  a.  Having  the 

#  same  center  as  the  earth. 
Ge-6d'e-sy,  n.     Art  of  meas- 
uring the  earth. 

Ge-6g'ra-pher,  n.  One  skilled 

in  geography. 
Ge'o-graph'ie-a^a.  relating 

to  geography. 
Ge-6g'ra-phy,    n.      Descrip- 
tion of  the  world  and  its  in- 
habitants. 
Ga'o-ldg'ie-al,  a.    Pertaining 
to  geology.  [geology. 

Ge-6/o-gist,  n.  One  versed  in 
Ge-61'o-g/,  n.     Science  that 
treats  of  the  interior  struct- 
.  ure  of  the  earth.       [trician. 
Ge-6m'e-ter,   n.      A  geome- 
Gs'o-met'rie-al,  a.   Relating 
<  or  according  to  geometry. 
Ge-om'e-tri'cian  (-trish'an), 
_  n.    One  skilled  in  geometry. 
Ge-6m'e-try,  n.    Science  of 
.  quantity  and  mensuration. 
Geor'iic,  n.  A  rural  poem. 
Gs-ra'ni-um,    n.      A    plant 

with  showy  flowers. 
G5rm,  n.  A  seed-bud  of  a 
■  plant ;  first  principle,  [blood. 
Ger'man,  a.  Related  by 
Ger-mane',  a.  Entirely  ap- 
.  propriate.  [the  germ. 

05r'mi-nal,  a.    Pertaining  to 
Gir'mi-nate,  v.  i.    To  bud  ; 
to  sprout.  [sprouting. 

Ger'mi-na'tion,  n.    Act   of 
("j^r'und,  n.  A  verbal  noun. 
G^s-ta'tion,  n.    Act  of  carry- 
%  ing  young  in  the  womb. 
Ges-tie'u-late,  v.  i.    To  use 

gestures. 
Ges-tT-e'u-la'tion,  n.    Act  of 

making  gestures. 
Gest'ure,    n.    Action  :    mo- 


B6n,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tcTok  ;  urn,  r^e,  pull ;  p,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  Q  as  ng 


GILD 

tion.  —  v.  i.    To  make  gest- 

_  ures  ;  to  gesticulate. 

GSt,  v.  t.  [imp.  got  ;  p.  p. 
gotten.]  To  gain  ;  to  ob- 
tain ;  to  win  ;  to  procreate  ; 
to  persuade  ;  to  learn.  —  v. 

_  t.    To  gain  ;  to  become. 

Gew'gaw,  ».    A  showy  trifle. 

Ghast'li-ness  (giisf-),  w.  A 
death-like  look  ;  paleness. 

Ghast'ly  (gast'ly),  u.  Death- 
ly pale. 

Gher'kin  (yer'kin),  n.  A 
small  pickled  cucumber. 

Ghost  (gost),  n.  A  spirit ;  an 
apparition. 

Ghost'ly,   a.    Like  a  ghost ; 

.  spiritual. 

Gl'ant,  n.   A  man  of  extraor- 
dinary stature.  —  a.    Like  a 
.  giant ;  unusually  large. 

Gi'ant-ess,  n.  A  female  giant. 

Gi'ant-ly,  a.  Like  a  giant ; 
gigantic  :  huge. 

Giaour  (jour),  n.  An  infidel, 
as  applied  by  the  Turks  to 
Christians. 

Gib'ber,  v.  t.    To  speak  rap- 

_  idly  and  inarticulately. 

Gib'ber-ish,  n.  Rapid,  inar- 
ticulate speech. 

Gib'bet,  n.  A  kind 
of  gallows.  —  v.  t. 
(8)   To  hang  on  a 

_  gibbet. 

Gib'bous,  a.    Con- 
vex;  swelling  with    «lhbe'- 
a  regular  curve  ;  protuber- 

.  ant. 

Gibe,  v.  i.  or  t.    To  scoff  at. 

.  —  n.  A  sneer ;  scoff. 

Gib'lets,  n.  pi.  Heart,  liver, 
gizzard,  &c,  of  a  fowl. 

Gid'di-ness,  n.  A  swimming 
of  the  head  ;  dizziness. 

Gid'dy,  a.    Reeling  ;  dizzy  ; 

_  wild  ;  volatile. 

Gift,  n.  Any  thing  given  ;  an 
offering;  faculty  ;  power. 

Gift'ed,  a.      Endowed  with  a 

_  faculty  ;  talented. 

Gig,  n.  A  lightkind  of  chaise. 

Gi-gan'ti€,  a.  Like  a  giant ; 
huge  ;  enormous. 

Gig'gle,  n.  A  laugh  with 
short  catches  of  b'.-eath.  — 
■*•.  f.     To  laugh  ;  to  titter. 

Gild,  r.   t.    [i?»p.    Sc    p.    p. 

&i& 


"   t§0f 


GILDING 

GILDED,  GILT.]     To  OVer- 

_  lay  with  gold. 

Glld'ing,  n.     Art  of  overlay- 
.  ing  with  gold.  [a  plant. 

Gill  (jTl),  n.  Fourth  of  ft  pint  ; 

Gill  (1 ),  n.  Organ  of  respira- 
tion in  fishes. 

Gil'ly-f lower,  n.    A  plant. 

Gilt,  a.     Overlaid  with  gold. 

Gim'bals,?i.  pi.  A  combina- 
tion Of  rings  to  keep  a  com- 
pass always  in  the  same  posi- 

6im/erack,n.  A  toy.     [tion. 

Gim'let,  11.     A  small  imple- 

_  merit  for  boring. 

Gimp,  ii.  A  kind  of  edging. 

Gin,  n.  Spirit  distilled  from 
rye  and  barley,  and  flavored 
with  juniper  berries  or  hops  ; 
a  machine ;  snare.  —  v.  t. 
To  clear  of  its  seed,  as  cot- 
#  ton.  [spicy  root. 

Gin'ger,  n.     A  plant  and  its 

Gin'ger-bread,  n.    A  sweet 
.  cake  flavored  with  ginger. 

Gin'ger-ly,  adv.  Cautiously. 

Glng'ham  (ging'am),  n.  A 
kind  of  cotton  cloth. 

Gin'seng,  n.     A  plant. 

GIp'sy,  n.     See  Gipsy. 

Gi-raffe',  n.  An 
African  quad- 
ruped ;         the 

_  camelopard. 

G  I  r  d,  n.  A 
twitch ;  a  pang; 
a  gibe.  — v.  t. 
[imp.  &  p.  p. 
G  I  R  D  E  D  .  A 
GIRT.]  To  bind, 

_to  tie  round. 

Gird'er,  n.  Chief 

_  timber  in  a  floor. 

Gird'le,  n.  A  band  round 
the  waist.  —  v.  t.  To  bind  ; 
to  cut  a  ring  round,  in  order 

_  to  kill,  as  a  tree. 

(}irl.  n.    A  young  woman. 

G.rl'hdbd,  n.  The  state" or 
time  of  being  a  girl. 

Girl'ish,  a.  Like  a  girl ;  giddy. 

Girt,     I  n.  A  strap  for  a  sad- 
Girth,  )     die ;  circumference. 

Gist,  n.    Main  point ;  pith. 

G.'ve,  v.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  gave  ; 

p.p.  GIVEN.]     To  bestow  ; 

_  to  yield  ;  to  grant ;  to  utter. 

Giv'er,  n.     One  who  gives. 


Giraffe. 


122 

Giz'zard,  n.  The  muscular 
stomach  of  a  fowl. 

Gla'cial,  a.  Like  ice  ;  icy. 

Gla'Qier  (gla'seer  or  glas'i-er), 
n.  A  great  mass  of  ice  mov- 
ing slowly  down  mountain 
slopes  or  valleys. 

Gla'gis,  or  Gla-c/is',  n.  A 
sloping  bank. 

Glad,  a.  Affected  with  pleas- 
ure ;  gratified.  —  v.  t.  To 
make  glad.  [glad. 

Glad'den,  v.   t.        To  make 

Glade,  n.  An  opening  through 
or  in  a  wood. 

Glad'i-a/tor,  n.  A  sword- 
player  ;  a  prize-fighter. 

Glad'ly,  adv.    Joyfully. 

Glad'ness,  n.  Joy  ;  pleasure. 

Glad'some,  a.  Pleased;  gay. 

Glair,  n.  The  white  of  an  egg. 

Glance, n.  A  sudden  shoot  of 
light ;  a  cast  of  the  sight.  — 
v.    To  dart ;  to  fly  o|f. 

Gland,  n.  An  organ  of  secre- 
tion in  animals  and  plants. 

Gland'ers.  n.  pi.  A  con- 
tagious disease  of  horses. 

Gland'u-lar.     )  a.  Consisting 

Gland'u-lous,  j  of  glands. 

Glare,  n.  A  bright  dazzling 
light. — v.  i.  To  look  fiercely. 

Glar'ing,  a.  Open  and  bold  ; 
clear  ;  notorious. 

Glass,  n.  A  transparent  sub- 
stance ;  a  mirror  ;  telescope ; 
(pi.)  spectacles. — v.  t.  To 
cover  with  glass. 

Glass'i-ness,  n.  Smoothness, 
like  glass.  [glass. 

Glass'y,  a.    Made  of,  or  like, 

Glaze,  v.  t.  To  furnish  with 
glass  or  with  something  like 
it. 

Gla'zier  (gla'zhur),  n.  One 
who  sets  window  glass. 

Glaz'ing,  n.  The  vitreous  sub- 
stance on  potters'  ware. 

Gleam,  n.  A  faint  shooting 
forth  of  light,  —v.  i.  To 
shine  with  flashes  of  light. 

Glean,  v.  t.  To  gather  after  a 
reaper  ;  to  collect  with  pa- 
tient and  minute  labor. 

Glebe,  n.  Turf;  soil  ;  land  be- 
longing to  a  parish  church. 

Glee,  ii.  Joy  ;  merriment ;  a 
song  in  three  or  more  parts. 


GLOW 

Glen,  n.  A  narrow  valley. 

Glib,  a.  Smooth;  slippery; 
voluble ;  fluent. 

Glide,  t>.  /.  To  flow  gently. — 
n.  Act  of  passing  smoothly. 

Glim'mer  (8),  v.  i.  To  shoot 
scattered  rays.  —  n.  A  faint 
light.  [view. 

Glim'mer-ing,  n.      A  faint 

Glimpse,  n.  A  short,  hur- 
ried view. 

GHs'ten  (glis/n),  v.  t.  To 
sparkle  with  a  mild  light. 

Glit'ter,i>.  t.  To  shine  bright- 
ly.—  n.    Sparkling  light. 

Gloat,  v.  i.  To  gaze  with 
eagerness  or  desire. 

Globe,  n.  A  round  body ;  tho 
sphere ;  the  earth. 

Glo-bose',  I  a.  Round ;  globu- 

Glo'bous,  )      lar  ;  spherical. 

Glo-bos'i-ty,  «.     Roundness. 

Glob'u-lar,  a.   Spherical. 

Glob'ule,  n.  A  small  round 
mass. 

Gloom,  n.  Darkness ;  obscuri- 
ty.—  v.i.  To  shine  obscure- 
ly,       [obscurely ;  sullenly. 

Gloom'i-ly,    adv.       Darkly ; 

Gloom'y,  a.  Dark;  dim; 
melancholy.  [glorifying. 

Glo'ri-fi-ea/tion,  n.    Act  of 

G16'ri-fy,  v.  t.  To  make  glo- 
rious ;  to  extol ;  to  adore. 

Glo'ri-ous,  a.  Splendid ; 
grand;  renowned. 

Glo'ri-oiis-ly,  adv.  Illus- 
triously ;  splendidly. 

Glo'ry,  n.  Brightness ;  splen- 
dor ;  honor ;  renown.  — v.  i. 
To  exult ;  to  rejoice. 

G16ss,  n.  Brightness  ;  spe- 
cious appearance  ;  comment. 
—  v.  i.  To  make  smooth  and 
shining  ;  to  explain. 

G16ss'a-ry,  n.  A  vocabulary 
for  explaining  obsolete  or 
peculiar  words. 

Gloss'i-ness,  n.  The  luster 
of  a  surface  ;  polish. 

Gldss'y,  a.  Smooth  and 
shining;  bright. 

Gldt'tis*  n.  The  upper  open- 
ing of  the  windpipe. 

Glove  (gluv),  n.  A  cover  for 
the  hand.  [gloves. 

Glov'er,  n.     One  who  makes 

Glow,  v.  i.    To  shine  with  in- 


a,«}i,  o,  Q,y, long;  ii,  0,1,  o,  u,y,  short;  care,  car, ask,  all,  what;  ere, veil,  term  ;  pique, firm; 


GLOWING 


123 


GOVERNOR 


tense    heat.  —  n.      Intense 
heat ;  brightness  of  color. 

Glow'ing,  a.  White  with 
heat.  —  Syn.  Ardent ;  in- 
flamed ;  vehement. 

Glow'-worm  (-wunn),  n.  An 
insect  that  emits  light  in 
the  night. 

Gloze,  v.  t.    To  flatter. 

Glue,  n.  A  kind  of  tenacious 
cement.  —  v.  t.  To  cement 
with  glue. 

Glum,  a.     Sullen  ;  grave. 

Glume,  n.  The  calyx  of  cer- 
tain plants  ;  chaff. 

Glut,  v.  t.  To  cloy  ;  to  over- 
load. —  n.  More  than 
enough  ;  superabundance. 

Glii'ten,  n.  Tough  adhesive 
part  of  dough.  [cious. 

Glu'ti-nous,«.  Viscous;  tena- 

Glut'ton  (glut'tn),  n.  A  vora- 
cious eater  ;  an  animal. 

Glut'ton-ous,  a.  Given  to 
excessive  eating.  [big. 

Glut'ton-y,n.    Excess  in  eat- 

Glyg'er-ine,  n.  A  sweetish 
liquid  obtained  from  fat. 

Gnarl  (niirl),  v.  i.    To  growl. 

Gnarled  (niirld),  a.  Full  of 
knots. 

Gnash  (nash),  v.  To  strike 
the  teeth  together. 

Gnat  (nut),  n.  A  small  blood- 
sucking fly.         [to  corrode. 

Gnaw  (naw),  v.  t.  To  bite  off; 

Gneiss  (nls),  n.  A  rock  re- 
sembling granite. 

Gnome  (nom),  n.  A  fabled 
subterranean  being ;  a 
dwarf;  a  goblin. 

Gno'mon  (no'mon),  n.  The 
style  or  pin  of  a  dial. 

Gnu  (nu,  18),  n.    A  kind 
antelope  found 
in  South  Afri- 


Go,  v. 


imp. 


went;    p    p. 

GONE  ]  To         Gnu. 

move  ;  to  walk  :  to  depart. 

Goad,  n.  A  pointed  instru- 
ment to  drive  oxen.  — v.  t. 
To  prick  with  a  goad. 

Goal,  n.     A  starting-po.-t. 

Goat,  n.  An  animal  allied  to 
the  sheep  [goats. 

Goat'-herd,  *.  One  who  tends 


Gob'ble,  v.  t.  To  swallow- 
hastily. 

Gdb'bier,  n.  A  greedy  eater  ; 
a  turkey-cock,      [ing  vessel. 

Gob'let,  n.  A  kind  of  drink- 
Gob  lin,  n.     An  evil  spirit. 

God,  n.  A  divinity  ;  a  deity  ; 
the  Supreme  Being. 

God'dess,  n.    A  leiuale  deity. 

God'fa-ther,  n.  A  male 
sponsor  for  a  child. 

Gocl'head,  n.    Divine  nature. 

God'less,  a.  Ungodly  ;  wick- 
ed ;  irreligious. 

Cod'li-ness  (13),  n.  Real 
piety  ;  a  religious  life. 

God'ly,  a.     Pious  ;  religious. 

God'send,  n.  An  unexpected 
piece  of  good  fortune. 

God'son,  n.  A  male  child  for 
whom  another  is  sponsor. 

Gog'gles  (gog'glz),  n.  pi. 
Glasses  to  protect  the  eyes. 

Go'ing,  n.  Act  of  moving  ;  de- 
parture. 

Goi'ter  I  (29),  n.     A  swelling 

Goi'tre  J  of  the  front  part 
of  the  neck.  [money. 

Gold,  n.     A  precious  metal ; 

Gold'en,  a.  Made  of  gold  ; 
like  gold.  [ing  bird. 

Gold'finch,  n.  A  yellow  sing- 

Gold'-leaf,  n.  Gold  beaten 
into  a  thin  leaf. 

G6n'do-la  (18),  n.  A  pleas- 
ure-boat used  in  Venice. 

G6n'do-lier',  n.  One  who 
rows  a  gondola. 

G6ne,  p.  p.  of  Go.    Departed. 

Gong,  it.    A  kind  of  drum. 

Good,  a.  Having  desirable 
qualities ;  virtuous  ;  valid  ; 
sound;  suitable. — n.  That 
which  possesses  desirable 
qualities  ;  advantage. 

Gcfod-by',  n.  Farewell  ;  adieu. 

Gobd'li-ness,  n.  Beauty  ; 
grace.  [ly.  ! 

Gdod'ly,  a.  Beautiful ;  come- 

Gdbd'ness,  n.     Excellence.      | 

Goods,  ft.  pi-  Movables; 
household  furniture. 

Good-will',  ii.  Benevolence; 
business  facilities. 

Goose  (21),  n.  A  fowl  a  tai- 
lor's utensil. 

Gdbse'ber-ry,  n.  A  thorny 
shrub  and  its  fruit. 


Gorilla. 
To  eat  greedily. 
A  vos 


Gore,  n.  Clotted  blood ;  tri- 
angular piece  of  cloth.  — 
v.  t.  To  wound  with  the 
horns. 

Gorge,  n.  The  throat,  -v.  t. 
To  swallow  with  greediness ; 
to  satiate.  [or  showy. 

Gor'gcous  (-jus),  a.  Very  fine 

Gor'gcn,  n.  A  fabled  monster 
that  turned  beholders  to 
stone. 

Go-ril'la 
(18),  n. 
A  large 
monkey 
found  in 
Western 
Africa. 

Ger'mand- 
Ize,  v.i. 

Gorimand-Iz'er,  n. 
racious  eater. 

Gorse,  n.     A  prickly  shrub. 

Gcr'y,  a.  Stained  with  gore. 

Gds'ling,  n.    A  young  goose. 

G6s'pel,n.  Thehistory  of  Je- 
sus Christ ;  any  system  of 
religious  truth  or  doctrine. 

G6s'sa-mer,  n.  A  filmy  sub- 
stance floating  in  the  air. 

Gos'sip,  ii.  One  who  tattles 
idly  ;  tattle,  —  v.  1.    To  tell 

G6t,  imp.  of  Get.     [idle  tales. 

Goth,  n.    A  barbarian. 

Goth'i-e,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 
Goths,  or  to  a  certain  stvle 
of  architecture. 

GoUge  (gowj  ;  in  Eng.  gcToj), 
n.  A  chisel  with  a  round 
edge.  —  v.  t.  To  scoop  out 
with  a  gouge.  [fruit. 

Gourd,  a.    A  plant  and  its 

Gour'mand  (go^r'-),  n.  A 
ravenous  eater  ;  a  glutton. 

Gout,  n.   A  painful  disease. 

Gout'y ,  a.  Diseased  with  gout. 

Gov'ern  (guv'ern),  v.  t.  To 
rule  ;  to  control. 

Gov'ern -ange,  n.  Manage- 
ment ;  control.  [e.-s. 

Gov'er-nante',  n.    A  govern- 

Gov'ern-ess,  n.  A  female 
who  governs  or  instructs. 

Gov'ern-ment,  n.  Regula- 
tion ;  control  ;  executive 
power;  an  empire  or  state. 

G6v'ern-or,  n.  Chief  magis- 
trate ;  a  regulator. 


or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took;  urn,  rue,  pull;  c,  g,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist;  n  as  ng;  this. 


Son 


GOWN 


124 


GREASE 


Gown,  n.    A  woman's  dress. 

Grab,  v.  t     To  seize. 

Grage,  n.  Favor  ;  divine  fa- 
vor; religious  affections;  a 
brief  prayer ;  ease  of  man- 
ner.—  v.  t.  To  adorn;  to 
dignify ;  to  favor. 

Grace'ful  (17),  a.  Beautiful 
with  dignity  ;  elegant. 

Grage'ful-ly,  adv.  With  dig- 
nity, [grace. 

Grage'less,  a.    Destitute  of 

Gra'cioiis,  a.  Favorable  ; 
kind.  [bly. 

Gra'cious-ly,  adv.    Favora- 

Gra-da'tion,w.  Order;  series. 

Grade,  n.  Degree  ;  rank ; 
rate  of  ascent  or  descent.  — 
v.  t.  To  reduce  to  a  level 
or  to  a  regular  slope. 

Gra'di-ent,  a.  Moving  by 
steps. — n.  Degree  of  as- 
cent or  descent  in  a  road. 

Grad'u-al,  a.  Proceeding  by 
degree^  ;  progressive,  [grees. 

Grad'u  al-ly,  adv.     By  de- 

Grad'u-ate,  t«.  i.  To  receive 
an  academical  degree.  — v.  t. 
To  mark  with  decrees. 

Grad'u-ate,  it.  One  who  has 
received  an  academical  de- 
gree, [graduating. 

Grad'u-a'tion,  n.      Act    of 

Graft,  n.  A  scion  inserted  in 
a  stock. — v.  i.  To  insert 
a  shoot  or  scion  in. 

Grain,  n.  Corn  ;  a  small  seed ; 
a  minute  particle  ;  (pi.)  re- 
mains of  malt. — v.t.  To 
granulate  ;  to  paint  in  imi- 
tation of  grains  of  wood. 

Gra-min'e-ous,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  grass ;  grassy. 

Gram/i-nlv'o-rous,  a.  Feed- 
ing on  grass. 

Gram'mar,  n.  Art  of  speak- 
ing and  writing  a  language 
correctly. 

Cram-ma'ri-an,  n.  One 
versed  in  grammar. 

Cram-mat'i-cal,  a.  Accord- 
ing to  the  rules  of  grammar. 

Grmn-mat'i-eal-ly,  adv.  Ac- 
cording to  grammar. 

Cram'pus,  n,  A  fish  allied 
to  the  whale. 

Gran'a-ry,  n.  A  store-house 
for  grain 


Grand,  a.    Very  great ;  mag- 
nificent ;  principal. 
Gran 'dam,  n.   Grandmother. 
Grand'chlld,  n.     A  son's  or 

daughter's  child. 
Gran-dee',  n.  A  man  of  rank. 
Grand'eur.  n.    Magnificence. 
Grand'fa-ther,  n.  A  father's 

or  mother's  father. 
Gran-dil'o-quence,  n.  Lofty 

speakitig.  [indictment. 

Grand-ju'ry,  n.     A  jury  on 
Grand'moth.-er,  n.  A  father's 

or  mother's  mother. 
Grand'slre,  n.  A  grandfather. 
Grand  'son,  n.    The  son  of  a 

son  or  daughter. 
Grange,  n.    A  barn  ;  a  farm 

with  its  buildings,  &c. 
Gran'ite,  n.      A  stone  com- 
posed   of   quartz,   feldspar, 

and  mica.  [ing  on  grain. 

Gra-niv'o-rous,  a.    Subsist- 
Grant,  v.  t.    To  bestow;  to 

give  :  to  yield.  —  n.  A  thing 

granted. 
Grant-ee'  (18),   n.     One  to 

whom  a  grant  is  made. 
Grant'er,  (  n.  One  who  makes 
Grant'or,  J      a  grant. 
Gran'u-lar,  a.    Consisting  of 

grains.  [into  grains. 

Gran'u-late,    v.       To    form 
Gran'u-la'tion,  n.     Act  of 

forming  into  grains. 
Gran'ule,n.    A  particle. 
Grape,  n.      The  fruit  of  the 

vine. 
Grap'er-y,  n.    A  building  for 

raising  grapes  in. 
Grape'-sh6t,  n.  A  cluster  of 

small  shot  in  a  bag  or  case. 
Graph'te,  a.  Well  delineated. 
Grap'nel,  n.  A  kind  of  small 

anchor. 
Grap'ple,  v.  t.      To  lay  fast 

hold  of.  —  v.  i.    To  contend 

closely.  —  n.      A  seizing;  a 

kind  of  hook. 
Grasp,  v.  t.      To    seize    and 

hold.  —  n.     Gripe    of    the 

bands. 
Grass,  n.     Herbage.  — v.  To 

grow  over  witli  grass. 
Grass'hop-per,  n.  An  insect. 
Grass'y,  a-    Covered  with,  or 

resembling,  grass. 
Grate,   v.   t.   or   i.     To  rub 


hard ;  to  fret ;  to  vex.  —  n. 
A  frame  of  metal  bars. 

Grate'ful,  a.  Having  a  sense 
of  favors ;  affording  pleas- 
ure. —  SYN.  Thankful  ; 
agreeable  ;  welcome. 

Grat'er,  n.  An  instrument 
for  grating. 

Grat'i-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Pleas- 
ure enjoyed;  satisfaction. 

Grat'i-fy,  v.  I.  To  indulge; 
to  please  ;  to  humor. 

Grat'ing,  a.  Fretting ;  harsh. 

—  n.  A  partition  of  bars ;  a 
harsh  sound  of  rubbing. 

Gra'tis,  adv.     For  nothing. 

Grat'i-tude,  n.  Thankfulness. 

Gra-tu'i-tous,  a.  Free  ;  vol- 
untary ;  asserted  without 
proof. 

Gra-tu'i-ty,  n.    A  free  gift. 

Grat'u-la'tion,  n.  Expres- 
sion of joy. 

Grave,  n.   A  pit  for  the  dead. 

—  a.  Serious  ;  weighty  ; 
slow  ;  solemn  ;  not  acute.  — 
v.t.  [imp.  graved;  p.p. 

GRAVED,     GRAVEN.]       To 

engrave  ;  to  clean,  as  a  ship. 

Grav'el,  n.     Small  pebbles; 

concretions  in  the  kidneys. 

—  r.  t.  To  cover  with  gravel. 

Grave'ly,  adv.    Seriously. 

Grav'er,  it.  A  tool  to  en- 
grave with.        [by  a  grave. 

Grave'-stone,  n.   A  stone  set 

Grave'- yard.  n.  Burial  place. 

Grav'id,  a.     Pregnant. 

Grav'i-tate,  v.  i.  To  tend  to- 
ward the  center. 

GraVi-ta'tion,  n.  Tendency 
to  the  center. 

Grav'i-ty,  n.  Seriousness  ; 
force  which  draws  toward 
the  center  of  attraction. 

Gra'vy,  it.  Juice  of  cooked 
meat,  made  into  a  dressing. 

Gray,  a.  Hoary  ;  white  with 
a  mixture  of  black. 

Gray'beard,  it.  An  old  man. 

Graze,  v.  To  eat  grass  ;  to 
rub  slightly. 

Graz'er,  n.     One  who  grazes. 

Gra'zier  (gra'zhur),  n.  One 
who  feeds  cattle. 

Grease,/'.     Animal  fat. 

Grea§e,  or  Grease,  v.  t.  To 
smear  with  grease. 


o,  u,  y, long;  a,  8, 1,  o,  u,  $,  short ;  care,  car, ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm 


GREASINESS 


125 


GRUMBLE 


Grea'§i-ness,  or  Greas'i- 
ness,  n.  State  of  being 
greasy.  [unctuous. 

Grea'sy,  or  Greas'y,  a.  Fat ; 

Great"  a.  targe ;  big  ;  chief ; 
pregnant ;  important  ;  dis- 
tinguished, [gree. 

Great 'ly,  adv.  Tn  a  great  de- 

Great'ness,  n.  Quality  of  be- 
ing great. 

Gre'cian  (gru'shan),  a.  Per- 
taining to  Greece. 

Greed'i-ly,  adv.  Ravenously. 

Grced'i-riess  (13),  n  Raven- 
ousness;  ardent  desire. 

Greed'y,  a.  llaveuous  ;  cov- 
etous ;  eager  to  obtain. 

Greek,  n.  A  native  of 
Greece ;  language  of  Greece. 

Green,  a.  Of  the  color  of 
growing  plants  j  fresh  ;  raw  ; 
not  dry  ;  not  ripe. — n.  A 
green  color;  a  grassy  plot. 
—  v.  t.  To  make  green. 

Green'-gro'cer,  n.  A  retail- 
er of  fresh  vegetables. 

Green'-house,  v.  A  house 
to  keep  plants  in. 

Green§,  n.  pi.  Leaves  and 
stems  of  young  plants  used 
for  food.  [turf. 

Green'sward,  n.  A  closegrgsa- 

Greet,  v.  i.  To  salute ;  ronail. 


Greet'ing,  n.     A  salutation./ 
Gre-ga/ri-ous,   a.      Keeping 

in  docks. 
Gre-nade',  n.     A  ball  filled 

with  gunpowder. 
Gren'a-dier',  n.      A   soldier 

distinguished  by  his  height 

and  by  uniform. 
Grew  (gnj),  imp.  of  Grow. 
Grey.    See  Gray. 
Grey'hound 

(gra'-),  n.     A 

tall,  fleet  kind 

of  dog. 
Grid'dle,  n.    A 

pan    to    bake 

cakes    in;      . 

cover    for      a  Greyhound. 

stove. 
Grid'I-ron  (-i'urn),  n.  A  kind 

of  grate  to  broil  meat  on. 
Grief,  n.      A  painful  sense  of 

loss  ;  sorrow  ;  sadness. 
Griev'anc,e,  n.    That  which 

causes  grief. 


Grieve,  v.  i.  To  mourn  ;  to 
sorrow. — v.t.  To  give  pain 
to.  [fiictive. 

Griev'ous,   a.      Painful ;  af- 

Grif'fin,  )  n.     A  fabled  ani- 

Grif'fon,  )  mal,  part  lion  and 
part  eagle. 

Grim,  a.     Fierce  ;  hideous. 

Gri-mace',  n.  A  made-up 
face. 

Gri-mal'kin,  n.   An  old  cat. 

Grime,  v.  t.  To  sully  deeply. 
—  n.  Dirt  deeply  insinuated. 

Grim'ly,  adv.  In  a  grim  or 
fierce  manner. 

Grin  (7),  v.  i.  To  show  the 
teeth.  —  n.  A  showing  of 
the  teeth. 

Grind,  v.  t.  [imp.  ground.] 
To  rub  ;  to  reduce  to  pow- 
der ;  to  oppress. 

Grind'er,  n.  One  who  grinds  ; 
a  back  tooth. 

Grlnd'stone,  n.  A  stone  to 
grind  edged  tools  on.     [ing. 

Grip,  n.  A  seizing  ;  a  grasp- 
Gripe,  v.  t.  To  seize ;  to 
clutch.  —  n.  A  grasp  ;  op- 
pression, [fid. 

Gris'ly,  a.  Horrible  ;  fright- 
Grist,  ».  Corn  ground,  or 
for  grinding,  at  once. 

Gris'tle  (gris'l),  n.  Cartilage. 

>/Grist'ly   (gris'ly),   a.      Like 

gristle.  [sand ;  gravel. 

Grit,  n.   Coarse  part  of  meal ; 

Grit'ti-ness  (7, 13),  n.  The 
quality  of  being  grittv. 

Grit'ty,  a.  Full  of  grit  ; 
spirited. 

Griz'zly,  a.    Somewhat  gray. 

Groan  (8),  r.  •'.  To  breathe 
with  a  deep  noise,  as  in 
pain. — n.  A  deep,  mourn- 
ful sound.  [sterling. 

Groat  (grawt),tt.     Fourpence 

Groats,  n .  pi.  Oats  or  wheat 
deprived  of  the  hulls. 

Gro'ger,  n.  A  dealerin  sugar, 
tea,  liquors,  spices,  &c. 

Gr5'ger-y,  n.  A  grocer's 
shop  or  store;  (pi.)  goods 
sold  by  grocers. 

Grdg,  n.     Spirit  and  water. 

Groin,  n.  Part  between  the 
belly  and  the  thigh  ;  curve 
made  by  two  intersecting 
arches. 


Groom,  n.  One  who  tends 
horses ;  a  newly  married 
man. 

Groove,  n.  A  long  hollow  cut 
by  a  tool.  — v.  t.  To  cut  a 
furrow  or  channel  in. 

Grope,  v.  i.  To  feel  in  the  dark. 

Gross  (2),  a.  Great  ;  bulky  ; 
immodest;  indelicate;  dense; 
total.  — n.  The  whole  bulk ; 
twelve  dozen. 

Gr6t,       In.     A  cavern  ;    an 

Grot'to,  )      ornamental  cave. 

Gro-tesque'  (-tesk'),  a.  Wild- 
ly formed ;  odd. 

Ground,  n.  Upper  part  of 
land  ;  soil  ;  foundation  ; 
(pl.)\ccs.  —  v.  To  lay;  to 
found;  to  run  aground. — 
imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Grind. 

Groundless,  a.  Void  of  foun- 
dation. 

Ground'-nut,n.  A  plant  and 
its  fruit,  of  several  kinds. 

Ground'-work  (-wfirk),  n. 
Foundation ;  first  principle. 

Group,  n.  Cluster;  crowd; 
assemblage. — v.t.  To  form 
into  a  cluster.  [bird. 

Grouse,  n.     A  kind  of  wild 

Grove,  n.    A  small  wood. 

Grov'el  (8),  v.  t.  To  creep  on 
the  earth. 

Gr5w,u.  *.or»'.  [imp.  GREW; 
p.  p.  grown.]  To  vege- 
tate: to  increase  ;  to  raise. 

Growl,  v.  To  grumble ;  to 
snarl.  — n.  A  cross  murmur. 

Gr5wn,  p.  p.  of  Grow. 

Growth,  n.  Increase  of  size ; 
progress;   vegetation. 

Grub,  n.  A  small  worm.  — 
v.  t.  or  I.  To  dig. 

Grfidge,  v.  t.  To  part  with 
reluctantly.  —  v.  i.  To  be 
covetous  or  envious.  —  n. 
A  cherished  ground  of  ill- 
feeling  ;  spite.  —  SYN.  Aver- 
sion ;  dislike ;  ill-will :  pique. 

Gru/el,  n.  Food  made  of 
meal  boiled  in  water. 

Gruff  (1),  a.  Stern  ;  surly  ; 
grum. 

Gruffly,  adv.  With  surli- 
ness. 

Grum,  a.  Deep  in  the  throat. 

Grum'ble,  v.  i.  To  murmur 
with  discontent ;  to  growl. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  €,  g,  hard ;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ; 


this. 


GRUMLY 


126 


GYVE 


Grum'ly,  ndv.     In   a  gram 

manner ;  morosely. 
Grunt,  v-  i.  To  utter  a  sound 

like  a  hog.  —  n.    The  sound 

made  by  a  hog. 
Gua'no  (gwa'no),  n.    Manure 

of  the  dung  of  sea-fowls. 
Guar'an-tee'  (15),  v.  t.     To 

warrant.  —  n.    A  surety  for 

performance. 
Guar'an-tor,  n.  A  -warrantor. 
Guar'an-ty,  v.  t.     To  under- 
take for  the  performance  of. 

—  n.  One  who  warrants  ;  an 

engagement. 
Guard,  n.  A  watch  ;  defense  : 

— v.  1.  To  watch  ;  to  defend. 
Guard'i-an,  n.    One  who  has 

the  care   of  another.  —  a. 

Protecting. 
Guard'i-an-ship,«.  Office  of 

a  guardian. 
Gu'ber-na-to'ri-al,    a.    Per- 
taining to  a  governor. 
Gud'geon  (-jun),  n.  A  fish  ;  a 

pin  on  which  a  wheel  turns. 
Guer-rll'la  (ger-ril'la,  18),  a. 

An  irregular   or    predatory 

mode  of  warfare. 
Guess  (2),  v.  t.  To  conject- 
ure.—  n.  A  conjecture. 
Guest,  n.  A  visitor,  [leading. 
Guld'ange,  n.  Direction  ;  a 
Guide,  v.  t.  To  lead  ;  to  di- 
rect. —  n.     One  who  shows 

the  way. 
Cuide'-post,  n.    A   post  to 

point  out  the  way. 
Guild,  n.     An  association  of 

•workmen,  &c. 
Guild'er,  n.  A  Dutch  coin. 
Guile,  «.  Cunning;  craft. 
Ouile'ful,       a.         Deceitful  ; 

crafty'. 
Guile'iesSjff.  Free  from  guile; 

artless;  sincere. 
Gull'lo-tine'  (-teen'),  n.      A 

machine  for  beheading. 
Guilt,  n.  Criminality  ;  sin. 
Gullt'i-ness,  n.    Criminality. 
Guilt 'less,  a     Without  guilt. 
Gullt'y,a.  Criminal ;  wicked. 
Gum'ea  (18),  it.     An  English 

gold  coin  of  the  value  of  21 

shillings  sterling. 
Guise,  n.  Manner;  garb. 


Guitar. 


Gui-tar',  rr .  A  stringed  instru 
ment  of  mu- 
sic,     played 
with  the  fin- 
gers. 

Gulf,  n.  A 
large  bay  ; 
an  open  sea ; 
an  abyss. 

Gulf'y,  a.  Full  of  whirlpools, 
or  gulfs. 

Gull  (1),  v.  t.  To  cheat;  to 
defraud. — n.  A  sea-fowl ; 
one  easily  cheated  ;  a  dupe. 

Gul'let,  n.  Passage  for  food 
in  the  throat ;  esophagus. 

Gul'li-bil'i-ty,  n-     Credulity. 

Gul'ly,  n.  A  channel  worn  by 
water. — v.  t.  To  wear  by 
water  into  a  channel. 

Gulp,  v.  t.  To  swallow  eager- 
ly.—  ii.  A  swallow,  or  as 
much  as  is  swallowed  at  once. 

Gum,  n.  Fleshy  substance 
inclosing  the  teeth  ;  muci- 
lage of  vegetables  hardened. 
—  v.t.  To  unite  or  stiffen 
with  gum. 

Gum'-boil,  n.  A  boil  or 
small  abscess  on  the  gum. 

Gum'my,  a.  Consisting  of, 
or  like,  gum. 

Gump,  n.  A  dolt ;  a  dunce. 

Gump'tion,  n.  Shrewdness; 
address  ;  capacity. 

Gun,  11.  A  cannon,  musket, 
or  rifle,  &c.  —  v.i.  To  prac- 
tice fowling. 

Giin'ner,  n.  One  who  works 
a  gun ;  a  cannoneer. 

Gun'ner-y,  n.  The  art  and 
science  of  firing  guns. 

Gun'ning,  n.  Act  of  shoot- 
ing. 

Gun'pow-der,  n.  An  explo- 
sive composition  of  saltpe- 
ter, sulphur,  and  charcoal. 

Gun'shdt,  n.  The  reach  or 
range  of  a  shot. 

Gun'smith,n.  A  gun  maker; 
an  armorer. 

Gun'stock,  n.  Wood  in  which 
the  barrel  of  a  gun  is  fixed. 

Gun'wale  (giln'nel ),  n.  Upper 
edge  of  a  ship's  side. 

Gurge,  n.  A  whirlpool,  abyss. 


Gur'gleJ  v.  i.  To  gush  ir- 
regularly and  noisily,  as 
water  from  a  bottle. 

Gush,  v.  i.  To  rush  out,  as  a 
fluid.  —  n.  A  sudden  and 
violent  How  of  a  fluid. 

Gus'set,  n.  A  piece  of  cloth 
inserted  in  a  garment  to 
strengthen  it. 

Gust,  n.  Taste  ;  enjoyment ; 
a  sudden  blast  of  wind. 

Giis'to,?!.   Relish;  taste. 

Gust'y,  a.  Subject  to  blasts 
of  wind. 

Gut,  ft.  The  intestinal  canal. 
—  v.  t.  To  disembowel;  to 
destroy  the  interior  of. 

Gut'ta-per'cha,  n.  A  sub- 
stance exuding  from  certain 
trees  in  Asia,  and  resembling 
India  rubber  in  some  of  its 
properties. 

Gut'ter,  n.  A  passage  for  wa- 
ter ;  a  small  channel.  — r.  t. 
To  become  hollowed  or  chan- 
neled. 

Gut'tle,  v.  t.  To  swallow 
greedily. 

Gut'tur-al,  a.  Belonging  to, 
or  formed  in,  the  throat. 

Guy,  n.  A  rope  to  keep  a 
body  steady  in  hoisting. 

Guz'zle,  v.  i.  cr  t.  To  swallow 
much  or  frequently. 

Gym-na'si-um  (-mi'zhi-),  n. 
A  place  for  athletic*  exer- 
cises ;  a  school. 

Gym-nas'ti-e,  a.  Pertaining 
to  athletic  exercises. 

Gym-nas'ti€s,  v.  sing.  The 
art  of  performing  athletic 
exercises. 

Gyp'sum,  n.  Sulphate  of 
lime  ;  plaster-of- Paris. 

Gyp'sy   (19),   n.      One  of  a 
vagabond      race     scattered 
I   _  over  Europe. 

Gy'ral,  a.    Whirling;  mov- 
|      ing  round  ;  rotatory. 

Gy-ra/tion,  n.  A  circular  mo- 
|   _  iion. 

Gy'ra-to-ry,  n.    Moving  in  a 

circle  or  spirally. 
[  Gyve,  n.    A  fetter  or  shackle 
for  the  leg.  — v.  t.  To  shack- 
I      le;  to  fetter. 


,o,  u,y,  long ;  a,  e,  I,  6, \i,y,  short;  care, car,  ask,  all,  what ;  Ore, ve.il,  term  ;  pique,  firm 


HA 


127 

H. 


HANDKERCHIEF 


HA,  interj.  denoting  sur- 
prise. 
Ha'be-as  -Gor'pus.     A  writ 

to   produce  the  body  of  a 

prisoner  in  court. 
Hab'er-dash'er,  n.    A  dealer 

in  small  wares. 
Ha-bil'i-ment,  n.        Dress  ; 

clothing  ;  garment. 
Hab'it,   n.     Ordinary   state  ; 

temperament  of  body  ;  fixed 

custom ;  dress  ;   a  garment. 

—  v.  t.  To  clothe. 
Hab'it-a-ble,  a.    Capable  of 

being  inhabited. 
Ilab'it-a'tion,  n.    Dwelling. 
Ha-bit'u-al,  a.     Formed  by, 

or  according    to,    habit.  — 

SYN.     Customary  ;  usual. 
Ha-bit'u-al-ly,     adv.     Com- 
monly ;  customarily,    [torn. 
Ha-bit'u-ate,  v.  t.  To  accus- 
Hab'i-tude,  n.      Customary 

mode  of  living  or  acting. 
Hack,  v.  t.  To  cut  awkwardly. 

— P.I.  To  try  to  raise  phlegm. 

— n.    A  horse  or  coach  for 

hire ;   a  notch ;   a  cut.  —  a. 

Hackneyed ;  mercenary. 
Hack'le,  v.  t.    To  comb,  as 

flax  or  hemp  ;  to  hatchel. 
Hack'ney  (19),  n.  A  horse  or 

coach  for  hire. 
Hack'neyed,  a.    Let  out  for 

hire  ;  much  used  ;  trite. 
Hack'ney-coach,  n.  A  coach 

for  hire. 
Had,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Have. 
Had'dock,  n.    A  fish  much 

like  the  cod. 
Haft,  n.  A  handle  ;  the  hilt. 
Hag,  n.  An  ugly  old  woman  ; 

a  witch. 
Hag'gard,    a.      Wasted   by 

want  or  suffering. 
Hag'gish,  a.     Like  a  hag. 
Hag'gle,  v.  t.     To  notch  or 

hack.  —  v.  i.  To  be  difficult 

in  making  a  bargain,  [gles. 
Hag'gler,  n.  One  who  hag- 
Ha'gi-dg'ra-phy,  n.    Sacred 

writings. 


Hail,  n.  Frozen  drops  of  rain ; 
a  wish  of  health.  —  v.  t.  To 
call;  to  salute. — v.  i.  To 
fall  as  icy  masses. 

Haii'stone,  ru  A  small  mass 
of  ice  falling.  [ment. 

Hair,  n.    A  small  animal  fila- 

Hair'-breadth,  n.  A  very 
small  distance. — a.  Ex- 
tremely narrow. 

Hair'-tfrush,  n.  A  brush  to 
smooth  the  hair  with. 

Hair'~cI6th,  n.  Cloth  made 
of  hair.  [being  hairy. 

nair'i-ness  (13),  n.    State  of 

Hair'y,  a.  Fuil  of  hair  ;  made 
of  hair.  [family. 

Hake,  n.     A  fish  of  the  cod 

Hal'berd  (h51'->,  n.  A  mili- 
tary weapon. 

Hal'^y-on,^.  The  kingfisher. 
— a.  Calm  ;  quiet ;  peaceful. 

Hale,  a.  Robustly  healthy. 

Hale,  or  Hale,  v.  t.  To  haul. 

Half  (haf)',"n.  (pi.  Halves, 
havz.)  One  of  t-ro  equal 
parts  into  which  any  whole 
is  divided.  —  adv.  In  part ; 
in  equal  part.  —  a.  Consist- 
ing of  half. 

Half-blood  (haf -),  n.  A  re- 
lation by  one  parent. 

Half-easte  (haf-),  n.  One 
born  of  a  Hindoo  and  a 
European.  [duced  pay. 

Half-pay  (h;if'-),  n.  lie- 
Half  pen-ny  ( hfip'pen-ny ),  n. 
Half  a  penny. 

Hal'i-but  (hoP-),  n.  A  large, 
flat  sea-fish. 

Hall  (1),  n.  Entrance  of  a 
house ;  a  public  room  ;  a 
stately  edifice  ;  a  college. 

Hal'le-lu'iah  I  (hal'le-lu'ya), 

HaWe-lu'jah  )  ft.  &  interj. 
Praise  ye  the  Lord. 

Hal-loo',  v.  i.  or  t.  To  cry 
out.  — interj.  An  exclama- 
tion to  excite  attention. 

Hal'low,v.  t.  Ta  consecrate. 

Hal-lu'Qi-na'tion,  n.  A  de- 
lusion of  the  imagination. 


Ha'lo  (18),  n.    A  circle  round 

the  sun  or  moon. 
Halt,  v.  i.  or  t.    To  limp ;  to 

stop.  —  a.    Lame  ;  crippled. 

—  n.    A  stop  ;  a  limping. 
Halt'er,  n.      A  rope  to  tie  a 

horse  ;  a  hangman's  rope. — 

v.  t.    To  put  a  halter  on. 
Halve  (qSt),  v.t.    To  divide 

into  two  equal  parts. 
Halve?  (havz),  n.  pi.  of  Half. 
Hal'yard,  n.  A  rope  or  tackle 

for  raising  or  lowering  a  sail. 
Ham,  n.     The  hind   part  of 

the  knee  ;  thigh  of  a  hog. 
Hames,  n.  pi.    A  kind  of  col- 
lar for  horses. 
Ham'lct,  ft.  A  small  village. 
Ham'mcr,  n.  An  instrument 

for  driving  nails.  —  v.t.  (8) 

To  drive  with  a  hammer. 
H  am'mock. 

(5),     n.  A 

hansinc;  bed. 


Hammock. 


Ham'per,  n.  A 
covered  bas- 
ket.—  v.  t.  To  embarrass. 

Ham'string,  n.  A  tendon  of 
the  ham.  — v.  t.  To  cut 
the  ten-dons  of  the  ham  of. 

Hand,  n.  The  palm  with  the 
fingers ;  pointer  of  a  time- 
piece ;  manner  of  writing.  — 
v.  t.     To  give  ;  to  lead. 

Hand'bill,  n.  A  loose  printed 
sheet  for  public  information. 

Hand'bdbk,  n.  A  manual  of 
reference. 

Handcuff,  n.  A  manacle. 
—  v.  t.  To  put  handcuffs 
on  ;  to  manacle. 

Hand'ful  (17),n.  As  much  as 
the  hand  can  hold. 

Hand'i-eraft,  n.  Manual  oc- 
cupation. 

Hand'i-ly,  adv.  In  a  handy 
manner  ;  dexterously. 

Hand'i-ness,  n.  Ease  in  per- 
formance. 

Hand'ker-chief  (haijk'er-l, 
n.  A  cloth  carried  about  the 
person  to  wipe  the  face,  &c. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  tub,  took ;  Cm,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  -c,  g,  hard;  a^  ;  c\ist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


HANDLE 


128 


HAUL 


Han'dle,  v.  t.  To  touch ;  to 
manage  —  n.  The  part  by 
which  a  thing  is  held 

Hand'maid,        I  n.    A  wait- 

Hand'maid-en,  J     ing-maid. 

Hand'-saw,  n.   A  small  saw. 

Hand'some  (han'sum),  a. 
Comely  ;  good-looking ;  ap- 
propriate ;  generous. 

Hand'some-ly  (h.Wsum-), 
adv.  In  a  handsome  man- 
ner, [lever. 

Hand'spike,   n.     A    wooden 

Ha:id'y,«.  Ready;  dexterous. 

Hang,  v.  i.  [imp.  hanged, 
hung.]  To  be  suspended. 
--v.  t.  To  put  to  death  on 
a  gallows.  [sword. 

Hang'er,  it-     A  short,  broad 

Hangings,  n.  pi  Drapery 
hung  to  walls 

Hang'man  (21),  n.  A  public 
executioner     [tied  together. 

Hank,  n.   Two  or  more  skeins 

Hank'er,  v.  i.    To  long  for. 

Hank'er-ing, »  Eagerdesire. 

Hap,  n.  That  which  comes 
unexpectedly  — Syn  Casu- 
alty ;  chance ;  accident. 

Hap'-haz'ard,  n.  Extra  haz- 
ard ;  chance ;  accident. 

Hap'less,  a.     Unhappy. 

Hap'ly,  adv.     Perhaps. 

Hap'pen,  v.  i.  To  come  to 
pass.  [fortunately. 

Hap'pi-ly,    adv       Luckily  ; 

Hap'pi-ness,  n  State  of  en- 
joyment. 

Hap'py,  a  In  a  state  of  fe- 
licity ;  fortunate ;  ready. 

Ha-rangue'  (-rang'),  n.  A 
noisy  speech ;  an  oration.  — 
v.  i.     To  declaim. 

Har'ass,  v.  t.  To  fatigue  to 
excess  ;   to  perplex.        [ner. 

Hlir'bin-gciy  w.     A  forerun- 

Har'bor  (33),  n.  A  haven  for 
ships.  —  v.t.  To  lodge  ;  to 
shelter  ;  to  entertain.  —  v.  i. 
To  take  shelter. 

Hard,«'/r.  Close  ;  nearly. — 
a.  Not  soft ;  firm  ;  solid  ; 
not  easily  done  ;  difficult ; 
rigorous ;  close. 

Hard'en.v.  To  make  or  grow 
hard.  [ing ;  cruel. 

Hard'-heart'ed,  n.     Unfeel- 

Hard'i-hdbd,  n.    Boldness. 


Quality    of 

Any    thing 

severe  toil. 

Wares  made 

[robust. 

Strong  ,  brave  ; 

A 


II  a  re. 


Hard'i-ness,  n.  Firm  intre- 
pidity ;  robustness. 

Hard'lyi  adv.     Not  easily 

Hard'ness,  n 
being  hard. 

Hard'ship,  n 
hard  to  bear 

Hard'w,arc,  n 
of  iron,  &c. 

Hard'y, 

Hare, 
small,     timid 
animal. 

Hare'bell,  n 
A  plant  with 
blue  bell- 

shaped  flowers. 

Hare'-brained,  a.  Wild ; 
giddy.  [like  a  hare's. 

Hare'lip,  n.    A  divided  lip 

Ha'rcm,  n.  Ladies'  apart- 
ment in  a  seraglio. 

Hark,  v.  i  To  hear;  to 
listen  —  interj.     Hear ! 

Har'le-quin  (-kin  or  -kwin), 
n      A  buffoon;  a  clown. 

Har'lot,  n      A  lewd  woman. 

Harm,  n.  Injury  ;  hurt  ; 
damage.  —  v.  t.  To  injure ; 
to  hur*. 

Harm 'ful,  a.    Hurtful. 

Harm  'less,  a.  Innocent;  not 
hurtful ;  unhurt. 

Har-mon'i€,       I  a.  Relating 

Har-mon'i€-al,  I  to  harmo- 
ny;  musical. 

Har-mo'ni-ous,  a.  Agreeing 
together:  musical. 

Har'mo-nize,  v.  To  make  or 
become  harmonious. 

Har'mo-ny,  n.  Agreement; 
concord  of  musical  strains 
differing  in  pitch  and  qual- 
ity. 

Har'ness,  n.  Equipments  of 
a  horse,  &c.  —  r.  t.  To  put 
on  harness. 

Harp,  n.  An  instrument  of 
music.  —  v.  i.  To  play  on 
a  harp.  [on  a  harp. 

Harp'er,  n.    One  who  plays 

Har-pdbn',  n.  -~^ 

A  barbed  fish-  ~^ 

ing- spear.    —       Harpoon. 
v.  t.     To  strike  with  a  har- 
;      poon. 

:  Harp'si-ehord,  n.  A  stringed 
instrument  of  music. 


Har'py  (19),  n.  A  fabulous 
animal  ;  au  extortiouer. 

Har'ri-er,  n.  A  hunting  dog. 

Har'row,  n.  An  instrument 
to  break  or  smooth  land.  — 
v.  t.  To  break  with  a  har- 
row ;  to  harass. 

Har'ry,  v.  t.     To  harass. 

Harsh,  a.  Rough  to  the 
touch,  taste,  or  feelings. 

Harsh'ness,  n.     Roughness. 

Hart,  n.  A  stag  or  male  deer. 

Harts'horn,  n.  Horn  of  the 
hart:  carbonate  of  ammonia. 

Har'vest,  n.  Season  for 
gathering  any  crop ;  crop 
gathered  ;  effects.  —  v  t.  To 
gather,  as  a  crop,  when  ripe. 

Hash,  v.  t.  To  mince;  to 
chop.  —  n.     Minced  meat. 

Has'let,  n  Inwards  of  a  hog, 
used  for  food. 

Hasp,  n  A  clasp  for  a  staple. 
—  v.  t  To  fasten  with  a 
hasp.  [on  in  church. 

Has'sock,  n.    A  mat  to  kneel 

Hast,  second  person  of  Have. 

Haste,  n.  Celerity;  hurry; 
speed;  dispatch. 

Haste,  I  v.  t.  or  i. 

Hast'en  (has'n), J  To  make 
speed  ;  to  hurry. 

Has'ti-ly,  adv.    With  haste. 

Has'ty,  a.  Quick  in  action  ; 
passionate;  rash. 

Hat.  n.  A  cover  for  the  head. 

Hatch,  v.t.  To  produce  from 
eggs.  —  n.  A  brood",  one  of 
the  openings  in  a  ship's  deck. 

Hatch'el,n.  An  instrument 
to  clean  flax  — v.  t.  To 
draw  through  the  teeth  of  a 
hatchel,  as  flax. 

Hatch'e^  n .     A  small  a  x . 

Hatch/way.  n.  An  opening 
in  a  ship's  deck. 

Hate,  r.  /  To  dislike  greatly. 
— ;?.  Great  dislike  ;  enmity . 

Hate'ful,  a.  Exciting  great 
dislike.  [ill-will ;  hate. 

Ha'tred,  n.     Great  dislike  or 

Hat'ter.  n.    A  maker  of  hats. 

Haugh'ti-ly  (haw'-),  adv. 
With  pride  and  contempt. 

Haugh'ty  (haw'tjM,  a.  Proud 
and  overbearing. 

Haul,  v.  t.  To  draw  with 
force.  —  n.  A  pull ;  draught. 


a,  »,I,  o,  u,  y ,  long ;  a,  e,  T,  o,  li,  y ,  short ;  care,  c*r,  i'lsk,  all,  what ;  Cre,  veil,  term ;  pique,  i'Tnn  ; 


HAUNCH 


129 


HEGIRA 


Haunch,  n.    The  hip, 
Haunt,   v.     To  frequent;   to 

visit    as    a    ghost.  —  n.     A 

place  of  frequent  resort. 
Haut'boy  (ho'boy),  n.  A  wind 

instrument. 
Have,  v.  t.    [imp.  &  p.  p. 

HAD.]  To  possess;  to  hold  ; 

to  own;  to  enjoy. 
Ila/ven  (ha/vn),  n.  A  harbor. 
Hav'o-e(5),n.  Waste;  devas- 
tation, [the  hawthorn. 
Haw,  n.  Berry  and  seed  of 
Hawk,  n.  A      *** 

bird         of  __ 

prey  ;    the  ^ii 

falcon. — v. 

i.  To  force 

up  phlegm. 

—  v.  t.   To  Hawk, 
cry  and  sell,  as  goods. 

Haw'ser,  n.     A  small  cable. 

Haw'thorn,  n.  A  shrub  used 
for  hedges. 

Hay,  n.  Grass  dried  for  fod- 
der, [making  hay. 

Hay'ing,  n.     Act  or  time  of 

Hay'-mow,  n.  A  mow  for 
hay. 

Hay'-rick,  w.  A  long  pile  of 
hay  in  the  open  air. 

Hay'-stack,  n.  A  conical 
pile  of  hay  in  the  open  air. 

Haz'ard,  *.  Risk  of  loss  or 
evil ;  danger. — v.  t.  To  risk. 

Haz'ard-ous,  a.  Exposing  to 
danger.  —  SVN.  Perilous  ; 
imminent ;  dangerous. 

Haze,  it.     A  thin  mist  or  fog. 

Ha'zel,  n.  A  shrub  bearing 
nuts.  —  a.  Like  a  hazel- 
nut :  brown. 

Ha'zi-ness  (13),  n.  State  of 
being  hazy.  [dark. 

Ha'zy,   a.      Fdggy  ;    misty  ; 

He,  pron.  of  the  3d  person, 
masculine  gender,  referring 
to  some  man  or  male. 

Head,  it.  Upper  part  of  the 
body  ;  chief;  front ;  source. 

—  v.  t.  or  i.    To  lead ;  to  di- 
rect :  to  get  in  front  of. 

Head'aehc  (-ak),  n.    Pain  in 

the  head. 
Head'-dress,    n.      Covering 

worn  on  the  head. 
Head'ing,  n.      Material  for 

the  heads  of  casks. 


Head 'land,  n.  A  promontory. 
Head'less,    a.      Without   a 

head. 
Head'long,  a.  Rash ;  precip- 
itate.—  adv.  Precipitately. 
Head'-quar'terg,  n.  pi.  or 
*i«fcf.  Quarters  of  a  chief 
commander.  [die. 

Head'stall,  »i.  Part  of  a  bri- 
Head'strong,  a.  Obstinate. 
Hfiad'way,   n.    Progress  of 

an  advancing  ship. 

H6ad'-wmd,n.  A  wind  from 

the  direction  opposite  to  a 

ship's  course.       [toxicating. 

Head'y,  a.  Willful ;  rash;  in- 

Heal,  v.  t.    To  cure.  —  v.  i. 

To  become  well. 
Health,    n.      Freedom    from 

sickness ;  sound  state. 
Health'ful,  a.   Free  from  dis- 
ease ;  wholegome. 
Health'i-ness,   n.     State   of 
j      being  in  health,    [of  health. 
!  Health'}',  a.   Being  in  a  state 
:  Heap,  n.    A  pile  ;  accumula- 
I      tion. — r.   t.      To    pile;    to 
!      amass  ;  to  accumulate. 
Hear,  v.  t.      To  perceive  by 
1      the  ear.  — v.  i.     To  be  told. 
!  Heard  (herd),  imp.    &  p.  p. 
from  Hear. 
Hear'er,  it.     One  who  hears. 
Hear'ing,   n.     Sense  of  per- 
!      ceiving  sounds  ;  audience. 
Heark'en,  v.  i.  To  listen  ;  to 

lend  the  car. 
Hgarse,    n.      A   carriage   to 
'      bear  the  dead. 
Hear 'say,  ».  Report;  rumor. 
Heart,  n.    The  organ  of  the 
I      blood's  motion  :  inner  part ; 
I      seat  of  love;  spirit. 
!  Heart'-bum,    n.      Burning 
|      sensation  in  the  stomach. 
Heart'-felt,     a.        Sincere  ; 
|      deep.  [place. 

|  Hearth,  n.    Floor  of  a  fire- 
Heart'i-ly,  adv.      From  the 
I      heart ;  sincerely. 
\  Heart'i-ness,  n.     Sincerity. 
!  Heart 'less,  a.     Void  of  affec- 
tion or  courage. 
i  Heart'y,      a.         Exhibiting 
'      strength  ;  sincere ;  rich. 
Heat,     n.      Great    warmth ; 
j      glow. — v.  t.    To  make  hot. 
i      — v.  i.     To  grow  hot. 


Heath,  n.  A  shrub;  a  place 
overgrown  with  shrubs. 

Hea'then,  n.  A  pagan;  a 
gentile. — a.  Gentile:  pa- 
gan, [then  ;  idolatrous. 

Hea'then-ish,  a.     Like  hea- 

Hea'then-fsm,  n.  Paganism. 

Heath'er(heth'er),n.  Heath. 

Heave,  v.   t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 

HEAVED,  HOVE.]  To  lift ; 
to  raise  ;  to  throw  off  ;  to 
pant. —  it.  A  rising;  swell. 

Hfeav'en,  n.  Region  of  the 
air  ;  expanse  of  the  sky  ; 
place  of  the  blessed. 

H6av'en-ly,  a.  Pertaining  to 
heaven. 

Heaves,  n.  Bisease  of  horses 
marked  by  difficult  breath- 
ing. 

Heav'i-ly.  adv.  With  weight. 

Heav'i-ness,  n.  Weight;  de- 
pression. 

HSav'y,  a.  Weighty  ;  pon- 
derous ;  grievous  ;  dull  ; 
burdensome;  clammy. 

Heb-d6m'a-dal,  a.  Weekly. 

He'bra-ist,  n.  One  versed  in 
Hebrew.  [of  the  Jews. 

He'brew,  n.  A  Jew  ;  language 

He«'a-tpmb  (-ten  m),  n.  A 
sacrifice  of  a  hundred  oxen. 

H&e'ti-e,  a.  Habitual;  con- 
stant. —  n.  A  fever  of  irri- 
tation and  debility. 

HS-e'tor,  n.  A  bully,  —  v.  t. 
To  bully  ;  to  tease  ;  to  vex. 

Hedge,  it.  A  thicket  of 
shrubs.  —  v.  t.  To  fence 
with  a  hedge. 

Hedge'hog,  n.  A  small  ani- 
mal armed  with  prickles  or 
spines. 

Heed,  v.  t.  To  mind ;  to  ob- 
serve.—  n.  Care;  atten- 
tion ;  notice. 

Heed'ful,  a.  Attentive. 

Heed'less,  a.  Careless;  inat- 
tentive ;  negligent.        [ness. 

Heed'less-ness,  >r  Careless- 
Heel,  n.  Hind  part  of  the 
foot.  —  v.  i.  To  lean.  —  •'.  t. 
To  add  a  heel  to. 

He-gl'ra,  or  H6g'i-ra,  it. 
Flight  of  Mohammed  from 
Mecca,  July  1^,  622,  from 
which  date  the  Mohammed- 
ans reckon  time  ;  any  flight. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too, 


took 
9 


urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  a? ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


HEIFER 

HSif'er,  n.   A  young  cow. 

Height  I  (hit,  27),  n.       Dis- 

Hlght  |  tance  from  a  point 
below  ;  an  elevated  place  ; 
elevation  in  excellence. 

Heighten  l(hifn),c.  t.   To 

Hlght'en  J  raise  higher  ; 
to  advance. 

Ilsi'nous  (hi'nus),  a.  Very 
wicked  ;  hateful ;  atrocious  ; 
flagrant. 

Hair  (ar),  n.  He  who  inherits 
the  property  of  another. 

Heirless  (ar'-),  ».  A  female 
heir. 

Heir'-loom  (sir'-),  n.  Any 
furniture  which  descends  to 
an  heir. 

Held,  imp.  &  p.p.  of  Hold. 

|He'li-o-trope,  n.  A  plant 
with  very  fragrant  flow- 
ers. 

Hell  (1),  n.  The  place  of  the 
devil  and  the  d. mined. 

HSll'ish,  a.    Infernal. 

HSlm,  n.  The  instrument  by 
which  a  ship  is  steered. 

inim'et,  n.  De- 
fensive armor 
for  the  head. 

He'lot.or  Hel'- 
Ot,  n.  A  Spar- 
tan slave ;  any 
slave. 

Help,  v.  t.  To  aid 

to  prevent.  —  v.i.     To  lend 
aid  —  n.  Aid  ;  support. 

IBlp'ful,  a.    Affording  help. 

H51p'l333,  a.  Destitute  of 
help  or  of  relief. 

Help'mite,  1  n.  A  companion 

HSlp'rneefc,  I      or  helper. 

HSlve,  n.  Handle  of  an  ax. 

Hem,  n.  Border  of  a  gar- 
ment.— r.  t.  (7)  To  fold  and 
sew  the  edge  of ;  to  border.     | 

H2m'i-sphere,  n.  Half  of  a 
sphere. 

HSm'i-sphSr'i-c,       )  a.  Con- 

Hem'i-sphSr'ie-al,  )  taining  J 
half  a  sphere. 

Hfim'lock  (i"j),?t.  A  poisonous 
plant ;  an  evergreen,  tree. 

HSm'cr-rha^c,  n.  A  flowing  \ 
of  blood  from  a  rupture. 

Hemp,  n.  A  plant  whose 
fibers  are  need  for  making 
rope,  cloth,  &c. 


130 

Hen,  n.    The  female  of  birds. 

Hen'bane,  n.  A  plant  pois- 
onous to  hens,  &c. 

Henge,  adv.  From  this  place, 
time,  or  cause. 

Henge-forth.',  or  Henge'- 
forth,  adv.  From  this  time. 

Henge -for' ward,  adv.  From 
this  time  forward. 

He-pat'io,  a.  Belonging  to 
the  liver. 

Hep'ta-gon,    n.     A    / \ 

figure  of  seyen  sides  (  j 

and  angles.  \  / 

Hep-tag'o-nal,  a.  ^^ 
Having  seven  sides.   Ilepta- 

HSp'taroh-y,  n.  Gov-  son. 
ernment  by  seven  rulers. 

Her,  pron.  Objective  form  of 
She.. —  a.  Belonging  to  a 
female. 

HSr'ald,  n.  An  officer  who 
regulates  coats  of  arms  ;  a 
forerunner.  —  v.  t.  To  pro- 
claim, [heraldry. 

He-ral'dio,  a.    Pertaining  to 

H5r'ald-ry~,  n.  The  art  or 
office  of  a  herald  ;  blazonry. 

H5rb  (erb),  n.  A  plant  with  a 
succulent  stalk. 

Hcr-ba'ceous,  a.  Belonging 
to  herbs. 

Herb'age  (erb'ej  or  herb'ej). 
n.  Herbs  collectively;  grass. 

HSrb'al,  n.  A  book  on  plants  ; 
collection  of  plants  dried. 

HSrb'al-ist,  n.  One  skilled  in 
herbs. 

Her-ba'ri-um,  n.  {pi.  Her- 
ba'ri-uma,  or  Her-ba'ri- 
a,  25.)  A  collection  of  dried 
plants. 

Her-biv'or-ous,  a.  Feeding 
on  herbs. 

Her-ou'le-an,    a.  Very 

strong,  great,  or  difficult. 

H5rd,  n.  A  collection  ;  a 
drove.  — v.  To  associate. 

llcva,  adv.  In  this  place  or 
state.  [near  this  place. 

Here'a-bouts',  adv.  About  or 

Hero-aft'er,  adv.  In  time 
after  the  present.  —  n.  A 
future  state,    [this  account. 

Here-at',  adv.    At  this  ;   on 

Here-by',  adv.  By  this. 

Her'e-dit'a-ment,  n.  Hered- 
itary property. 


HETERODOX 

He-red'i-ta-ry,  a.  Descend- 
ing by  inheritance. 

Here-in',  adv.    In  this. 

Here-6f  (-5ft7  or  -6V),  adv. 
Of  this  ;  from  this. 

Here-6n',        )  adv.      On  or 

Here'up-Sn',  J      upon  this. 

Her'e-si-areh,  or  He-re'si- 
aroh,  n.  A  chief  heretic." 

Her'e-sy,  n.  Error  in  doc- 
trine. 

Her'e-tio,  n.  One  who  errs 
in  religious  faith      [heresy. 

He-rSt'i-e-al,  a.     Containing 

Here-tp',  adv.  To  this. 

Here'to-fSre',  adv.  Formerly. 

Here-with',  or  Here-with', 
adv.    With  this. 

HSr'it-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  inherited. 

HSr'it-age,  n.    Inheritance. 

Her-maph'ro-dite,  n.  An 
animal  or  plant  uniting  both 
sexes. 

Her'me-neu'ties,  n.  sin?. 
The  art  or  science  of  inter- 
preting the  Scriptures. 

Her-mct'io,      1  a.       Chem- 

Her-met'io-al,  )  ical ;  per- 
fectly close;  air-tight.      [ly. 

Her-mgt'i-e-al-ly,  adv.  Close- 

Her'mit,  n.  One  who  lives 
in  solitude.  [dwelling. 

Her'mit-age,  n.    A  hermit's 

Her'ni-a,  n.  A  rupture. 

He'ro,  n.  (pi.  He'roes,  18.)  A 
brave  man  ;  a  great  person. 

He-ro'ie,       (  a.    Becoming  a 

He-r5'i«-al,  )     hero. 

HSr'o-Ine,  n.    A  female  hero. 

Her'o-i§m,  n.  Distinguished 
bravery ;  gallantry. 

Her'on,  n.    A  large 
wading  bird. 

Her'ring,     n.       A 
small  fish. 

K&rs,  pron.  Possess- 
ive form  of  She..      i 

Her-sSIf \pron.  The" 
female  in  person. 

HSs'i-tan-gy,  n.  Uncertain- 
ty ;  doubt. 

He's'i-tate,  p.  ?"•  To  pause  in 
doubt ;  to  stop  in  speaking  ; 
to  falter. 

H6s/i-ta'tion,  n.  A  pausing  ; 
a  stammering  in  speech. 

Het'e-ro-d6x,   a.      Contrary 


11,0,1,0,  u,y,  long;  a,o,  I,  6, u,y,  short;  cire,car,  iisk,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pVque,  1'Trm 


HETERODOXY 


131 


HITHERWARD 


Hexagon. 


ul 


to  an  acknowledged  stand- 
ard, as  the  Bible  ;  erroneous. 

Het'e-ro-dox'y,  n.  Heresy. 

Het'e-ro-ge'ne-ous,  a.  Of  a 
different  nature. 

Hew,  v.  t.  [imp.  hewed  ; 

p.  p.  HEWED,  HEWN.]    To 

cut  off  chips  and  piecesof. 
HSx'a-gon,  n.    A 

figure  with  six 
1  sides  and  angles. 
Hex-ag'o-nal,    «. 

Having  six  sides 

and  angles. 
Hex'a-he'dron,  n.  A  body  of 

six  equal  sides  ;  a  cube. 
Hex-am'e-ter,  n.    A  kind  of 

verse  of  six  metrical  feet. 
Hex-an'gu-lar,  a.      Having 

six  angles. 
Hey,   _      I  interj .  of  exulta- 
Hey'day, )     tion. 
Hf-a'tus,  n.    A  chasm  ;  gap. 
Hi'ber-nate,   v.  i.    To  pass 

the  winter  in  seclusion,  as 

some  beasts. 
Hi'ber-na/tion,  n.     Act  of 

hibernating.  [Ireland. 

Hl-ber'ni-an,  n.    A  native  of 
Hie'-eough  (hlk'up),  n.   An 

affection  of  the  stomach.  — 

v.  i.     To  have  a  hiccough. 
HIck'o-ry,  n.   A  walnut  tree. 
Hid,  I  a.  Not  seen  ;  con- 

Hid 'den,  )      cealed. 
Hide,  v.  t.  or  ?'.  [imp.  hid  ; 

p.    p.    HID,    HIDDEN.]      To 

conceal ;  to  cover  ;  to  keep 
close.  —  N .    Skin  of  a  beast. 

HIde'-bound,  a.  Having  the 
skin  too  tight. 

Hid'e-ous,  a.  Shocking  to  the 
eye  or  ear.  —  S  vn.  Fright- 
ful ;  horrible  ;  ghastly. 

Hie  (12).  v.  i.   To  hasten. 

Hi'e-rareh,  n.  The  chief  of  a 
sacred  order. 

HT'e-rareh'al, 

HFe-rareh'i-e-al, 
to  a  hierarchy. 

Hl'e-rareh'y,  n. 
celestial  beings. 

Hl'e-ro-glyph, 

HI'e-ro-glyph'i€, 

symbol  in  ancient  writings. 

Hi'e-ro-glyph'ie,       I  a.  Ex- 

HI'e-ro-glyph'i€-al,  )   press 
of  meaning  by  symbols. 


a.       Per- 
taining 

Order  of 

n.  A  mys- 
tical 


KI-er'o-phant,  or  Hi'e-ro- 
phant',  n.  A  chief  priest. 

Hig'gle,  v.  i.  To  carry  pro- 
visions about  for  sale  ;  to 
chaffer. 

High  (hi),  a.  Elevated ;  lofty ; 
exorbitant.  —  adv.  Aloft  ; 
eminently.  —  n.  A  high 
place. 

High'-born  (hi'-),  a.  Being 
of  noble  extraction. 

HIgh'-flown  (hi'-),  a.  Ele- 
vated ;  proud. 

High/land  (hi'-),  n.  A  moun- 
tainous country. 

HIgh'land-er  (hi'-),  n.  A 
Scotch  mountaineer. 

HIgh'-mlnd'ed  (hi'-),  a.  Ar- 
rogant ;  magnanimous. 

HIgh'nessfhi'-),  n.  Altitude  ; 
a  title  of  honor. 

High'-priest  (hi'-),  n.  The 
chief  priest,     [great  degree. 

High'ly   (hi'-),  adv.       In  a 

Hlght  (hit),  n.    See  Height. 

High'-press'ure  (hi'-),  n. 
Pressure  exceeding  about  50 
pounds  on  the  square  inch. 

High'-spir'it-ed  (hi'-),  n. 
Irascible;  bold.  [road. 

High/way  (hi'-),  n.  A  public 

HIgh'way -man  (hi'-),  n.  A 
robber  on  the  public  road. 

Hi-la'ri-ous,  or  Hi-la'ri-ous, 
n.  Gay  :  mirthful ;  jubilant. 

Hi-lar'i-ty,  or  Hl-lar'i-ty, 
n.    Mirth;  gayety. 

Hill,  n.  An  elevation  of  land. 
—  v.  t.  To  draw  earth 
around.  [nence. 

Hlll'ock  (5),  n.     A  small  emi- 

Hill'y,  a.  Abounding  with 
hills.  [&c. 

Hilt,  n.     Handle  of  a  sword, 

Him,  pron.  Objective  case  of 
He.  [form  of  He. 

Him-s&lf,  pron.     Emphatic 

Hind,  a.  Backward  ;  back.  — 
n.  Female  of  the  red  deer ; 
a  rustic. 

HInd'er,  a.    On  the  rear. 

Hin'der  (8),  v.  t.  To  impede 
the  progress  of.  —  Syn.  To 
stop  ;  check  ;  retard. 

Hin'der-ange,  )  n.  Act  of  de- 

Hin'drange,     J      laying. 

Hind'most,       I  a.       Behind 

HInd'er-most,  J      all  otlicrs. 


Hin'doo,  1  n.      A   native  of 
Hin'du,    J      Hindostan. 
Hinge,  n.  The  joint  on  which 

a  door  turns.  —  v.  t.  To  turn 

or  depend. 
Hint,  v.  t.  To  suggest.  —  v.  i. 

To  allude  to  —  n.      Slight 

allusion  ;  intimation. 
Hip,  n.    Joint  of  the  thigh. 
Hip'po-drome,  n.  A  circus  for 

horse-races,  [winged  horse. 
Hip'po-gnff ,  n.  A  fabulous 
Hlp'po-pSt'a- 

mus,  n.    A 

large     Afri-  «j 

can      quad- 
ruped allied 

to  the_hog.  Hippopotamus. 
Hip'-roof,  n. 

A  roof  with  an  angle. 
Hire,   v.   t.      To  engage   for 

pay ;  to  bribe.  — n.  Wages. 
HIre'ling,?i.  A  mercenary.  — 

a.     Serving  for  wages. 
Hir-sute',  a.  Shaggy  ;  rough. 
His  (2),j>ron.    Possessive  case 

of  He. 
Hiss  (2),  v.  i.  or  t.     To  make 

a  sibilant  sound.  —  n.  A  sib- 
ilant  noise  ;  expression    of 

contempt.  [sound. 

HIss'ing,     n.        A    sibilant 
His-to'ri-an,-n.     A  writer  or 

compiler  of  history. 
His-tdr'i-e,       )  a.   Pertaining 
Hi»-tor'ie-al,  j      to  history  ; 

containing  history. 
His-t6'ri-6g'ra-pher,  n.     A 

writer  of  history. 
His-t6'ri-6g'ra-phy,  n.    The 

writing  of  history. 
His'to-ry,  n.    A  continuous 

narrative  of  events. 
His'tri-dn'ic,  a.     Pertaining 

to  the  theater. 
Hit,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  hit.] 

To  strike;    to  accord  with. 

—  n.  A  striking  ;  a  blow. 
Hitch,   v.    t.      To   catch   or 

fasten.  —  v.  I.     To  move  by 

jerks  ;  to  fidget. — n.  A  knot; 

noose  ;  impediment ;  jerk. 

Hith'er,  aitv.    To  this  place. 

—  a.  Nearest  to  the  speaker. 
HIth'er-to',  adv.  To  this  time 

or  place  ;  as  yet ;  'until  now. 
Hith'er-ward,    adv.       This 
way  ;  hither. 


iin,  Or,  do,  wolf,  to~o,  took ;  urn,  rye,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


HIVE 

Hive,  n.     A  box  for  bees.  — 

t'.     To  collect  into  a  hive. 
HIve§,  n.  pi.     The  croup. 
Ho,     I  interj .  Halloo  ;  attend  ; 
Hoa,  )      —  a  call  to  excite  at- 

tention.  [white. 

Hoar,  a.       Gray  with   age ; 
Hoard,   v.  I.    To  collect;  to 

amass.  —  n.  A  store  laid  up. 
Hoar'-fr6st,  n.  Dew  frozen. 
Hoar'i-ness  (13),  n.     State 

of  being  hoary. 
Hoarse,  a.    Having  the  voice 

rough  or  husky. 
Hoar'y,  a.    Gray  ;  white. 
Hoax,  n.  Deception  for  sport. 

—  r.t.  To  deceive  for  sport. 
H6b'ble,u.  /.    To  walk  lame- 
ly.—  n.    A  halting  walk. 

Kob'by,  n.  A  nag ;  a  favorite 

object ;  a  child's  horse. 
II6b'g6b-lin,  n.     Apparition, 
lloek,  ft.     Joint  between  the 

knee  and  fetlock  of  a  horse  ; 

a  Rhenish  wine. 
Ho'eus-po'eus^t.  A  juggler, 

or  juggler's  trick,     [mortar. 
Hod,  n.  A  bricklayer's  tray  for 
H6dge'podge,  I  n.     A  mixed 
Hotch'pStch,   |     mass. 
Hoe  (IS),  n.    A  farmer's  tool. 

—  v.  t.  (11,  15)  To  cut,  dig, 
or  weed  with  a  hoe. 

Hog,  n.    A  swine. 
Hog'gish,  a.  Filthy  ;  greedy. 
Hogs'head,  n.  A  measure  of 
63  gallons.  [romp. 

Hoi'den,  n.     A  bold  girl  ;  a 
Hoist,  v.  I.    To  rai.-e  ;  to  lift. 

—  n.    Act  of  raising  up. 
Hold,  r.   I.      [imp.   &  p.  p. 

held.)  To  stop;  to  re- 
strain ;  to  grasp ,    to  keep. 

—  v.  i.  To  endure;  to  re- 
frain. —  n.  Catch  ;  support  ; 
custody  ;  interior  of  a  ship. 

Hole,  n.     A  hollow  place;  a 

perforation ;  cell. 
Hol'i-day,  n.    A  festival  day. 
Ho'li-ness  (13),  n.      Perfect 

rectitude. — Svn.     Purity; 

sanctity  ;  saeredness. 
H61'16a,  |  inUrj.  used  in  an- 
Hol-16',  (      swer  to  a  call. 
Hol'lo,  or  Hol-16',  I  v.  i.    To 
H61'la.  J  call  out. 

HSl'land,  n.  A  kind  of  linen 
H61'lands,  n.    A  kind  of  giu 


132 

HSl'low,  a.  Empty;  deceit- 
ful; low.  —  n.  A  low  place; 
a  hole.  — v.  t.  To  make  hol- 
low, [being  hollow. 

Hol'low-ness,   n.     State  of 

Hdl'ly,  n.  An  evergreen  tree. 

Hdl'ly-hdck,  n.     A  plant. 

Holm  (horn  ),n.  The  evergreen 
oak.  [burnt  sacrifice. 

H61'o-€aust,    n.      A    whole- 

Hol'steif,  n.  A  horseman's 
case  for  pistols. 

Ho'ly,  a.  Perfectly  pure  ; 
pious  ;  godly  ;  sacred. 

Ho'ly-day,  n.  A  religious 
festival,    [worship ;  respect. 

H6m'age,    n.        Reverence ; 

Home,  n.  One's  dwelling- 
house. —  a.  Close;  severe. 
—  adv.     To  the  point. 

Home'li-ness,  v.    Plainness. 

Home'less,  a.  Having  no 
home. 

Homc'ly,  a.  Plain  ;  not  hand- 
some ;  coarse.  [home. 

Home'-made,  a.     Made  at 

Ho'me-o-path'ie,^  Pertain- 
ing to  homeopathy. 

Hd'me-dp'a-thy,?!.  A  theory 
a,nd  practice  founded  on  the 
priaciple  that  a  medicine 
which  will  cause  will  also 
cure  a  disease. 

Home'sick,  a.  Sick  from 
being  away  from  home. 

Home'spun,  a.    Made  in  the 
I      family  ;  coarse  ;  plain  ;  rude. 

Home'stead,   n.       Home  or 

seat  of  a  family.         [home. 

I  Home'ward,  adv.      Toward 

Hom'i-cPdal,  a.  Pertaining 
to  homicide  ;  murderous. 

H6m'i-clde,  «•  The  killing 
of  one  human  being  by  an- 
other,        [ligious  discourse. 

Hdm'i-ly,  n.     A  familiar  rc- 
'  Hdm'i-ny,  n.    Food  of  maize 
I      broken  coarse  and  boiled. 
!  Hdm'mock,  n.    A  small  de- 
|      tached  hill. 

Ho'mo-ge'ne-al,     \  a.       Of 
i  Ho-mo-ge'ne-ous, J  the 

same  kind  throughout. 
|  Hone,   n.     A   whetstone  for 
sharpening.  —  v.    t.        To 
!      sharpen  on  a  hone. 
i  H6n'est  (on'est),  a.     Upright 
|      in  dealing;  just;  sincere. 


HORDE 

H5n'est-ly  (Cn'est-),  adv.  Up- 
rightly, [tice;  truth. 

H6n'est-y  (on'est-),  n.     Jus- 

Hon'ey,  n.  Sweet  juice  col- 
lected by  bees  from  flowers. 

H6n'ey~c6mb  (-kom),  n. 
Cells  of  wax  to  hold  honey, 

Hon 'eyed  (14),  a.  Covered 
with  honey  ;  sweet. 

H6n'ey-moon,  v.  First 
month  after  marriage. 

Hon'ey-suck'le,?!.  A  sweet- 
scented  flowering  plant. 

H6n'or  (on'ur,  33),  n.  Es- 
teem paid  to  worth  ;  reputa- 
tion.—  r.t.  To  esteem;  to 
exalt;  to  accept  and  pay. 

H6n'or-a-ble  (on'ur-),  a. 
Worthy  of  honor;  actuated 
by  noble  motives. 

H6n'or-a-bly  (Cn'ur-),  adv. 
With  honor,  [ferring  honor. 

H6n'or-a-ry  (on'ur-),  a.  Con- 

Hdbd,  n.  A  covering  for  the 
head.  —  r.t.  To  furnish  with 
a  hood;  to  hide.  [cover 

Hqod'wink,r.<.  To  blind;  to 

Hoof,  n.  "The  horny  part  of 
a  beast's  foot. 

Hdbk,  n.  A  bent  piece  of 
iron. — v.  t.  To  catch  or 
fasten  with  a  hook. 

Hdbk'ed  (or  hookt),  a.  Hav- 
ing the  form  of  a  hook. 

Hdbp,  orKdbp,  n.  A  band 
of  wood  or  iron  for  a  cask. 

—  f.    /.       To    fasten    with 
hoops.  [whoop. 

Hoop,  f.  »'.     To  cry  out;  to 
Hoop'ing-eough  (-kawf ),  n. 

A  convulsive  tough. 
Hoot,  n.  A  shout  of  contempt. 

—  f.  i.     To  cry  as  an  owl. 
Hdp  (7),  r.  i.     To  jump  on 

one  leg.  — n.  A  leap  on  one 

leg  ;  a  dance:  a  plant. 
H6pe,»i.  Eesire  of  good  joined 

with   expectation.  —  v.     To 

desire  with  expectation. 
Hope'ful,  a.    lull  of  hope. 
Hope'less,  a.      Destitute  of 

hope.  —  SYN.     Despairing  ; 

desponding ;  desperate. 
H6p'per,  n.     Part  of  a  mill. 
H6p'ple,   r.   t.     To  tie    the 

feet  of  loosely  together. 
Horde,  n.    A  wandering  tribe 

or  troop. 


a,  e,  I,  o,  Q ,  y,  long ;  a ,  C,  1, 6,  Q,  y ,  short ;  care,  car, ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  vgil,  term  ;  pique,  firm 


-rx„ 


HORIZON 


Ho-rl'zon,  n.  Apparent  junc- 
tion of  earth  and  sky. 

Hdr'i-zon'tal,  a.  Parallel  to 
the  horizon  ;  level. 

Horn,  n.  The  hard  pointed 
growth  on  an  animal's 
head  ;  a  wind  instrument. 

Horn'-bdbk,  n.    A  primer. 

Horn'plpe,  n.  A  tune ;  a 
dance.  [horn. 

Horn'y,  a.     Made  of,  or  like, 

Ho-ro^'ra-phy,  n.  Art  of 
constructing  dials. 

IIo-r61'o-gy,n.  Art  of  meas- 
uring time. 

ITor'o-seope,  n.  Aspect  of 
planets  at  the  hour  of  hirth. 

II6r'ri-ble,  a.  Exciting  hor- 
ror ;  frightful ;  awful. 

H6r'ri-bly,  adv.  Frightfully. 

II6r'rid,  a.  Dreadful ;  hide- 
ous ;  horrible. 

H6r'rid-ly.  adv.  Shockingly. 

Hor-rlf'i-c,  a.  Causing  horror. 

H&r'ror,  n.  A  shuddering 
with  fear ;  terror. 

Horse,  n.  A  well-known 
quadruped  ;  cavalry  ;  a 
wooden  frame.  [horse. 

Horse'back,  n.     Back  of  a 

Horse'-chest-nut  (-cheV-), 
n.  A  shade-tree  and  its  fruit. 

Horse'-guards,  n.  pi.  Cav- 
alry for  guards. 

Hdrse'-jdck'ey.  n.  One  who 
makes  a  practice  of  buying 
and  selling  horses. 

Horse'-laugh  (-liif),  n.  A 
loud,  course  laugh. 

Horse'-lit'ter,  n.   A  carriage 

on    poles    borne     between 

.  horses.       [skilled  in  riding. 

Horse'man   (21),    u.        One 

Horse'man-ship,  n.  Art  of 
riding  and  training  horses. 

Horse'-plav,  n.    ltude  play. 

Horse'-pow'er,  n.  Power  of 
a  horse  or  its  equivalent ; 
33,000  pounds  raised  one 
foot  in  a  minu-te.       [horses. 

Forse'-race,  n.     A   race  by 

ESrse'-rad'ish,  n.  A  vege- 
table having  a  very  pungent 
root,  used  as  a  condiment. 

Horse'shoe  (-sh(~o),  n.  An 
iron  shoe  for  a  horse. 

Horse'whip,  n.  A  whip  to 
drive  horses.  —  v.  t.  To  lash. 


133 

Hor'ta-tive,    )a.  Giving  ad- 

H6r'ta-to-ry, J     monition. 

H6r/ti-€ult'ur-al,a.  Pertain- 
ing to  horticulture. 

Hor'ti-cult'ure,  n.  Culture 
of  a  garden. 

Hor'ti-eult'ur-ist,  n.  One 
skilled  in  gardening. 

Ho-gan'na,  n.  Praise  to  God. 

Hoge,  n.  (pi.  H6se,  24. )  Stock- 
ings ;  coverings  for  the  legs ; 
flexible  pipe  to  convey  water. 

Ho'sier  (ho'zher),  u.  One  who 
deals  in  stockings. 

H6'§ier-y  (ho'zher-y),  n. 
Stockings,  socks,  &c. 

H6s'pi-ta-ble,  a.  Kind  to 
strangers  or  guests.  -^SYN. 
Generous  ;  •  "liberal  ;  free- 
hearted,      [pi table  manner. 

H6s'pi-ta-bly,  adv.  In  ahos- 

Hds'pi-tal,  n.  A  building  for 
the  sick  or  insane. 

H6s'pi-tal'i-ty,n.  Entertain- 
ment of  strangers  and 
guests. 

Host,  n.  One  who  entertains 
a  stranger ;  an  army  ;  sacri- 
fice of  the  mass. 

Hds'tage,  n.  A  person  given 
as  a  pledge  for  the  perform- 
ance of  certain  conditions. 

H5st'ess,  n.  A  female  host ; 
a  landlady.  [posite. 

H6s'tile,a.     Unfriendly  ;  op- 

Hos-til'i-ty,  n.  Enmity  of  a 
public  foe. 

Host'ler  (hos'ler  or  os'ler),  n. 
One  who  has  the  care  of 
horses.  [fiery. 

H6t,  a.     Having  heat ;  eager ; 

Hdt'-bed,  n.  A  garden  bed 
covered  with  glass.  [ers. 

Ho-tel',n.    An  inn  for  travel- 

Hdt'-head'ed,  a.  Of  ardent 
passions. 

H6t'-house,n.  A  house  kept 
warm  to  shelter  plants,  [ly. 

Hdt'ly,  adv.  Violently  ;  keen- 

H6t'-press,  v.  t.  To  press 
between  hob  plates,  so  as  to 
make  smooth  and  glossv. 

H6ugh  (h5k),  n.     The  ham. 

Hound,  n.  A  dog  for  hunting. 

Hour  (our),  n.  Twenty-fourth 
of  a  day  ;  a  particular  time. 

Hour'-glass  (our'-),  n.  A 
glass  to  show  time. 


HUG 

Hour'-hand  (our'-),  n.  The 
hand  of  a  clock  or  watch. 

Hour'ly  (our'-),  a.  Done 
every  hour  ;  frequent.  — 
adv.  Every  hour. 

House,  n.  A  place  of  abode  ; 
a  family ;  a  branch  of  the 
legislature  ;  a  quorum. 

House  (houz),  v.  t.  To  put 
under  shelter ;  to  harbor. 

House'-break'er,  n.  One 
who  breaks  into  a  house. 

House'hold,  n.  A  family  liv- 
ing together,    [keeps  house. 

House'hold-er,  n.    One  who 

House'keep-er,  n.  One  who 
occupies  a  house. 

House'keep-ing,  n.  Care  of 
domestic  concerns. 

House'maid,  n.  A  female 
servant. 

House'wife  (or  huz'wif ),  n. 
Mistress  of  a  family  ;  female 
economist. 

House'wife-ry  (huVwif-ry), 
n.  Female  management  of 
domestic  concerns. 

Hous/ing,  n.  A  shelter  ;  a 
saddle-cloth. 

H6v'el,  n.  A  shed  ;  a  cottage. 

Hov'er  (8),  v.  i.  To  flap  the 
wings ;  to  move  to  and  fro 
near.  [for  what  reason. 

How,  adv.    In  what  manner ; 

How-be'it,  adv.  Nevertheless. 

How-ev'er,  adv.  Neverthe- 
less ;  still ;  though  ;  yet. 

How'itz-er  (-its-),  n.  A  kind  of 
mortar  or  cannon. 

Howl,  v.  i.  To  cry  as  a  dog 
or  wolf.  —  n.  The  cry  of  a 
dog  or  wolf.  [owlet. 

Howl'et,    n.      An    owl  ;    an 

Hoy  (18),  n.  A  small  coast- 
ing vessel. 

Hub,  n.  The  nave  of  a  wheel. 

Hiib'bub,  n.  Uproar  ;  tu- 
mult, [small  articles. 

Huck'ster,  n.     A  retailer  of 

Hud'dle,  v.  i  or  t.  To  crowd 
together.  —  n.        A     crowd 

'  without  order  ;  confusion. 

Hue,».  Color ;  dve  ;  a  clamor. 

Huff  (1),  n.  A  swell  of  anger. 
—  v.  t.  or  »'.  To  bluster. 

Huffy,  a.  Swelled;  arrogant. 

Hug,  v.  t.  To  embrace  close- 
ly.—  n.  A  close  embrace. 


edu,  6r,  d.>,  wolf,  t,.o,  tJbk  ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  e,  g,  hard;  a^  ;  exist ;  o  as  ng;  this. 


HUOE 

irilt^o,  a.    Balky;  vast. 

'/,  ii'/r.      Immensely. 
...  Body  of  ;ui  old  ship. 

Jiull  ( 1 ),  it.  The  outer  cover- 
log  of  a  nut,  or  of  grain  ; 
frame  of*  ship.  —  v.  t.  To 
Strip   Off   the    hulls   of;    to 

pierce  the  bull  of. 
J'uin,  v.  i.  or*.  To  sing  low  ;  to 

ban.  —  n.  A  buzzing  sound. 
Ilu'man,  a.      Belonging   to 

mankind,  [kind. 

Inc',  "•      Benevolent  ; 

in  i.i.m'i-tv,  n.  The  nature 

ol  man  ;   kind  disposition. 

i  B  mah-Ize,  v.  t.  To  render 
bumane.  [main  race. 

Ilu'man-kind,  n.     The  hu« 

LZu'man-ly,  adv.  Alter  the 
manner  of  men. 

Ilum'ble,  a.  Um  in  feelings 
or  condition.  —  sv\.    Lov- 

|j  ;    modest ;    meek.  —  r.  t. 

To  111. ike  bumble  ;  to  bring 

low.  [milliner. 

I  iiin'hly,  adv.  In  ti  bumble 
Hum'bug,  n.  An  imposition  ; 

a  boas.  —  v.  t.    To  Impose 

upon  ;  to  hoax. 

Hum'drum,  n.  A  stupid  fel- 
low. —  a.   Dull  ;  Stupid. 

Ilu'mld,  n.    Moist;  damp. 

I'i-ty,    I  n.  Moisture  ; 

Hfi'mid  ness,  i     dampness. 

Hu-mn'1-Ste,  t\  t.  To  hum- 
hie  ;  to  depress  ;  to  abase. 

llu-mil'i-a'lion,  n.  Act  of 
bumbling;  state   of  being 

humbled.  [mind. 

T  u  mil'i-ty,  n.  Lowliness  of 
llum'ming-blrd,  n.    A  very 

Kinn.ll  bird. 
llii'mor  [or  yu/muv,  88),   ft. 
Moisture  ;  any  animal  fluid ; 
temper  ;  disposition  ;  a  deli- 
cate kind  of  wit;  pleasantry  . 

—  v.  t.    To  gratify  ;    to  in- 
dulge by  compliance. 
1  [fl'mor  fst  (or  yu'mur-O,  n. 
A  wag  ;  a  droll. 

!■  -oi':s  [or  yij'mur-),  a. 

Jocular  ;  waggish  ;  pleasant. 
:>,-  [or  yu/mur-J, 
adv.     With  pleasantry. 

■  Bome  [or  yu/mar-), 
a.  [nflueuced  by  humor. 
Htimp,  n.     a  swellli 
flesh  ;  protuberance. 


184 

Hiimp'back,   ft.       A  person 

with  h,  crooked  back. 
Hunch,  n.    A  protuberance. 

—  r.  t.    Tfi  push  with  the 

elbOV  :   to  crook  the  back. 

Hun'dred,  a    Ten  times  tea. 

—  ft,  The  sum  of  ten  times 
ten.  [of  a  hundred. 

Hun'dredth,  a.    The  ordinal 

Iluii  '. ,     i/iij/.     &   ]>.    p.    from 

Hang. 

Hun,'ger(hSng/ftv),«.  ('rav- 
ing appetite. 

Hun'gered,  a,    Hungry. 

Hun'gry,  «.  Feeling  distress 
from  want  of  food. 

Hunks,  n.     A  miser. 

Hunt,  V,  t-  To  chase,  as 
game.  —  v.  i.  Togo  ''t  Pur- 
suit of  game.  —  a.  Chase  of 
game  ;  pursuit ;  pack,  of 
bounds. 

Hunt'cr,  n.    One  who  hunts. 

Himt'ress,  It.  A  femtile  hunt- 
er, [who  hunts. 

Hunts'man  (21),  ft.      A  man 

HGr'dle,  n.  A  texture  of 
twigs  ;  a  crate  ;  a  sledge. 

Hurl,  v.  I.  To  throw  with 
violence.  — ft.  Act  of  throw- 
ing with  violence. 

Hur  i  V,    \  inter j.  of  joy  or 

Hiir-rah', )     triumph. 

Hfir'ri-eanc,  n.  A  violent 
storm  or  tempest. 

Hur'ry,  r.  To  hasten.  —  n. 
Great  haste. 

Hurt,  ft.  Whatever  injures  or 
harms.  —  Svn.  Wound  ; 
injury  ;    harm  ;    damage. 

v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  v-  hukt.] 
To  injure  ;  to  harm. 

HUrt'ful,  a.     Injurious. 

Ilus'b.uid,  ft.  A  man  mar- 
ried to  ii  woman.  —  v.  t.  To 
manage  frugally.       [farmer. 

lliis'haiHl-iniin  (21),  n.      A 

lius'i>;uid-ry,  n.  Tillage ; 
domestic  economy. 

Hush,  n.  Still  ;  silent ;  calm  ; 

—  V.  t.  TO  silence  j  to  quiet. 

Hush'-nimi  ey   (-mun'v),  ft. 

A  bribe  to  secret]  ■ 
Husk,  it,     The  covering  of 

certain  fruits.  — 1».  /.      To 

Strip  the  husks  from. 
Husk'i-ne.ss,    ft.      Dryness  ; 

harshness. 


HYENA 

Hfisk'y,  a.     Abounding  with 

husks  ;    harsh  ;   hoarse. 

Hu§-gar'    (hdbs-sar/),  n.    A 

mounted  soldier.  [an. 

Hug'gy,  n.  A  worthless  von- 

Hus'Ungfj,  »«.  pi.  A  place 
where  the  election  ofs  mem- 
ber of  parliament  Is  held. 

Hus'tle  (Ims'sl).  v.  i.  To 
Shake  together  in  confusion. 

Hut,  ft.  A  poor  cottage  or 
mean  abode. 

Huz-za',  inter},  expressing 
joy  or  exultation.  —  fl.  A 
Shout  of  joy.  —  v.  i.  (Ifi) 
To  shout  in  joy.  [plant. 

Hy'a-cinth,  w.     A  (lowering 

Hybrid,  or  Hyb'rid.  n.  X 
mongrel.  —  a.  Produced  by 
the  mixture  of  two  specie*  ; 
mongrel. 

Hy'dra  (18),  it.  A  fabulous 
monster  with  many  beads. 

Hy'drant,  n.  A  pipe  to  dis- 
charge water  from  an  aque- 
duct, [hydraulics. 

Hy-rir:uil'i€,  a.    Kclating  to 

Hy-draul'i-es,  w.  sing.  Tho 
science  which  treats  of  fluids 
in  motion. 

Hy'dro-gen,  v.  An  inllam- 
mabte  gas  which  Is  one  of 
the  elements  of  water. 

Hy-dr6g'ra-phy,  n.  Deeerip* 
tion  and  representation  t'.v 

charts,  of  seas,  rivers,  flte. 

Hydro-m61,    n.      A     liquor 

made  of  honey  and  water. 

Hy-dr6m'e-trv,  n.  Art  of 
measuring   the  density  of 

fluids.  [cure. 

Hy-dr6p'a-thy,»i.  Thewater. 

Hy'dro-pho'bi-a,  n.     I  Head 

of  water  ;  canine  madness. 

|  Hy-dr6p'i€-al,  n.     Dropsical. 

llv'dro-stat/ie,      1  «.      Re- 
Hydro-stat'i€-al, )      lating 

to  hydrostatics. 
lIy/dro-stat'i€s,>i..w'r?g.  The 

science   which    treats  of  tho 

properties  of  Quids  at  rest. 
Hy-c'na,  n. 

A  carniv- 
orous ani- 
mal of  Asia 

and  Alii 
ca,      allied 

to  the  dog.         Hyena. 


fi,  C,  T,  o,  u ,  y,  Ion:; ;  a,  6,1,6,  ti,  y,  shurl ;  cure,  car, ask,  all,  what ;  Ore,  Vi.il,  term  ;  pique,  firm ; 


HYGIENE 

Hy'gi-ene',  n.  Science  that 
treats  of  the  preservation  of 
health. 

Hy'men,  n.  The  god  of  mar- 
riage. 

Hy'men-e'al,    )  a.    Relating 

Hy^men-e'an, )  to  marriage. 

Hymn  (him),  n.  A  song  of 
praise.  —  v.  t.  To  praise  in 
songs. 

Hy-per 'bo-la,  n.  A 
curve  formed  by  a 
certain  section  of  a 
cone. 

Hy-per'bo-le,  n.  Ex- 
aggeration. 

Hy'per-bdl'ie-al ,  a.    Hy  per- 
Exaggerating  or  ex-    bola- 
tenuating.  [era. 

Hy'per-bo're-an,  a.    North- 

Hy'per-orit'ie,  n.  A  critic 
exact  beyond  reason. 

Hy'per-erlt'ie-al.rt.  Critical 
beyond  use  or  reason. 


135 

Hy'per-crit'i-Qism,  n.  Ex- 
cessive rigor  of  criticism. 

Hy'phen ,  n .  The  mar  k  ( - )  used 
to  join  syllables  or  the  parts 
of  some  compound  words. 

Hyp/o-chdn'dri-a,n.  Gloomy 
depression  of  spirits. 

Hyp'o-ehdn'dri-ae,  n.  One 
affected  with  low  spirits. 

Hyp'o-€hon-dri'a€-al,  a. 
Melancholy  ;  dejected. 

Hy-p6€'ri-sy,  n.  Dissimula- 
tion ;  insincerity. 

Hyp'o-erite,  n.  A  dissembler. 

Hyp'o-crit'ie-aLa.  Insincere. 

Hy'po-stat'ic  (or  hlp'o-),  a. 
Elementary  ;  distinctly  per- 
sonal. 

Hy-p6t'e-nuse,  or 
Hy-pdt'e-nuse, 
n.    Longest  side 
of  aright  angled  hz 
triangle.  a  6>  Hy_ 

Hy-pdth'e-eate,      potenuse. 


IDIOSYNCRASY 

or  Hy-pdth'e-eate,  v  t  To 
pledge  for  the  security  of  a 
creditor. 

Hy-pdth'e-ca/tion,  or  Hy- 
pdth'e-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
pledging  as  security. 

Hy-poth'e-sis,  or  Hy-p6th'- 
e-sis  (/>l.  Hy-p6th'e-se§, 
hi-  or  hi-),  n.    Suppo^itionT 

Hy'po-thet'ie-al  (or  hip'o-), 
a      Supposed 

Hy'po-thet'ie-al-ly  (or  hlp-'- 
o-).  adv.   Upon  supposition. 

Hy'son  (hPsn),  n.  A  fragrant 
species  of  green  tea. 

Hys'sop  (hls'sup  or  hPzup), 
n.    An  aromatic  plant. 

Hyg-t6r'i€,       \  a.      Pertain- 

Hys-ter'i€-al,  j  ing  to  hys- 
teria; convulsive;  fitful 

Hys-ter'i-cs,  I  n.     A  nervous 

Hys-te'ri-a,  )  affection  char- 
acterized by  alternate  laugh- 
ing and  crying. 


Ipron.  of  the  first  person  ; 
,    one's  self. 

I-am'bus,  «.  A  poetic  foot 
consisting  of  a  long  and  a 
short  or  an  accented  and 
an  unaccented  syllable. 

Pbex(lS),  n.    A 
kind    of    goat 
found    in    the 
mountainous 
parts  of  Eu- 
rope. 

I'bis,  n.  A 
wading  bird 
formerly  rev- 
erenced in  Egypt. 

Ige.  n.  Water  congealed  to 
hardness ;  concreted  sugar. 
—  v.  t.  To  cover  with  ice 
or  concreted  sugar. 

Ige'berg,  n.  A  mountain  of 
Moating  ice. 

Ige'-cream,  n.      Cream    or 

_  custard  flavoi-ed  and  fr07.cn. 

Ige'-house,  n.  A  place  for 
keeping  ice 


Ibex. 


Ieh-neu'mon,  n  A  small 
animal  in  Egypt  which  de- 
stroys eggs. 

l€h-n6g'ra-phy,  n.  Hori- 
zontal section  of  an  object. 

I'€hor  (i'kor),  n.  A  thin 
watery  humor. 

Ich'thy-dl'o-gy,  n.  The  sci- 
ence of  fishes. 

I'gi-ele  (I'sl-kl),  n.  A  pend- 
ent mass  of  ice.    [being  icy. 

I'gi-ness    (13),  n.    State  of 

I-e6n'o-€last,  n.  A  breaker 
or  destroyer  of  images. 

I'-con-dg'ra-phy,  n.  Descrip- 
tion of  ancient  statues. 

I'gy,  a.  Abounding  with,  or 
resembling,  ice. 

I-de'a  (18),  n.  Mental  image; 
conception;  thought  ;  no- 
tion. 

I-de'al,  a.  Existing  in  idea 
or  in  fancy.  —  Syn.  Vision- 
ary ;  fanciful  ;  imaginary. 
—  n.  Conception  of  a  thing 
in  its  most  perfect  state 


I-de'al-ism,  n.    The  doctrine 

_  of  ideal  existence. 

I'de-al'i-ty,  U  A  lively  imagi- 
nation united  to  a  love  of 
the  beautiful. 

I-d6n'ti€-al,  a.   Precisely  the 

_  same.        [identical  manner.  , 

I-den'ti€-al-ly,  adv.    In  an. 

I-d&n'ti-fi-ca'tion,  n  Act  of  ( 

_  proving  to  be  the  same. 

I-d6n'ti-fy,  v  t.  To  prove  to 
be  the  same. 

I-den'ti-ty,  n.     Sameness. 

Ides,  n.  The  15th  day  of 
March,  May,  Julv,  and  Oc- 
tober, and  the  13th  of  the 
other  months. 

Id'i-o-gy,  «•  Deficiency  of 
understanding ;  imbecility. 

Id'i-om,  n.  An  expression 
peculiar  to  a  language. 

fd'i-om-at'le,  a.  Peculiar  to 
a  language. 

Id/i-o-s^n'€ra-sy,  n.  A  pe- 
culiarity of  bodily  or  mental 
constitution. 


son,  Or,  dp,,  wolf,  too,  tdbk ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


IDIOT 


136 


IMMEASURABLE 


Jd'i-ot,  n.    A  natural  fool. 

Id'i-dt'ie,  a.     Like  an  idiot. 

I'dle,  a.    Not  occupied  ;  tri- 

_  fling.  —  V.  t.    To  spend  idly. 

I'dle-ness,  ».     Inaction. 

I'dler,  n.     One  who  idles. 

I'dly,  adv.  Sluggishly  ;  vain- 

_  ly  ;  lazily  ;  carelessly. 

I'dol,  n.  An  image  worshiped. 

I-dol'a-ter,  n.     A    worshiper 

_  of  idols ;  a  pagan. 

1-dol'a-tress,    n.     A  female 

_  idolater.  [idolatry. 

I-dSi'a-trous,    a.    Given    to 

I-ddl'a-try,  n.     Worship   of 

_  idols ;  excessive  attachment. 

I'dol-Ize,   v.   t.     To  love  to 

_  excess  or_adoration. 

I'dyl,  or  Id'yl,  n.  A  short 
pastoral  poem. 

If  (1),  i'.  t.  (commonly  called  a 
conj.)  Grant;  allow;  sup- 
pose ;  admit.  [fire. 

Tg'ne-ous,  a.     Consisting  of 

Ig'nis-Fat'u-us,  n.  A  kind 
of  meteor  in  the  night. 

Ig-nlte',  v.  t.  or  i.  To  kindle. 

Ig-nl'tion  (-nlsh'un),  it.  The 
act  of  taking  fire. 

Ig-n5'ble,  a.  Of  low  birth  ; 
not  honorable;  base;  mean. 

Ig'no-mm'i-ous,  a.  Very 
shameful ;  dishonorable. 

Ig'no-min-y,  n.  Public  dis- 
grace ;  iufamy. 

Ig'no-ra'mus,  n.  An  ignorant 
person  ;  a  blockhead. 

jg'no-range,  n.  Want  of 
knowledge.         [knowledge. 

Jg'no-rant,     a.        Wanting 

Ig'no-rant-ly,  adv.  Without 
knowledge. 

Ig-nore',  v.  t.  To  declare  ig- 
norance of;  to  refuse  to 
take  notice  of. 

Ill  (1),  a.  Bad;  sick;  indis- 
posed.—  n.  Evil;  harm; 
wickedness ;  misfortune.  — 
adv.     Not  well  ;  amiss. 

Jl-la'tion,  n.     An  inf'orence. 

Il'la-tive,  a.  Capable  of  being 
inferred. 

Ill'-bred,  a.  Not  well-bred ; 
impolite. 

Il-le'gal,  a.  Contrary  to  law ; 
unlawful.  [ness. 

IHe-gal'i-ty,   n.      Unlawful- 

Il-le'gal-ly,ac/f.  Unlawfully. 


Il-lSg'i-ble,  a.  Incapable  of 
being  read.  [be  read. 

Il-leg'i-bly,  adv.  So  as  not  to 

IPle-git'i-ma-gy,  n.  Eas- 
tardy. 

IPle-git'i-mate,  a.  Born  out 
of  wedlock  ;  not  genuine. 

Ill-fa'vored,  a.  Ill-looking ; 
ugly  ;  homely. 

Il-lib'er-al,  a.  Not  gener- 
ous ;  mean  ;  not  candid. 

Il-llb'er-al'i-ty,  n.  Narrow- 
ness of  mind;  parsimony. 

Il-lic/it,  a.     Unlawful. 

Il-llm'it-a-ble,  a.  Incapable 
of  being  bounded  or  limited. 

Il-lit'er-ate,  a.     Unlearned. 

Il-lit'er-a-gy,  n.     Ignorance. 

Ill'-naVure,  n.  Habitual 
badness  of  temper. 

Ill'-naVured,  a.  Cross  ;  peev- 
ish. 

Ill'ness,  n.  Indisposition  ; 
sickness  ;  wickedness. 

Il-16gl€-al,  a.  Not  accord- 
|  ^  ing  to  logic. 

Ill-Starred',  a.  Fated  to  be 
I      unfortunate.  [ceive. 

Il-lude',  v.  t.   To  mock  or  de- 

Il-liime',      \v.t.  Toeniight- 

IHu'mine_,  )      en ;  to  adorn. 

Il-lu'mi-nate,  v.  t.  To  en- 
lighten ;  to  illustrate. 

Il-hVmi-na/tion,  n.  Act  of 
enlightening ;  display  of 
light  for  festive  occasions. 

Il-lu'§ion,  n.  An  unreal  im- 
age ;  false  show ;  error. 

Il-lu'sive,    )  a.  Deceiving  by 

Il-lu'so-ry,  )      false  show. 

Il-lus'trate,  v.  t.  To  explain  ; 
to  make  clear. 

IPlus-tra'tion,  n.  Explana- 
tion, [explain. 

Il-Ius'tra-tive,  a.  Tending  to 

Il-lus'tri-ous,  a.  Distin- 
guished for  greatness  or 
splendor. —  Syn.  Eminent; 
conspicuous  ;  celebrated. 

Ill'-will',  n.     Hostile  feeling. 

tm'agc,  n  A  likeness  ; 
statue  ;  idol  ;  idea.  —  v.  t. 
To  form  a  likeness  in  idea. 

Im'age-ry.w.  Lively  descrip- 
tion ;  figures  of  speech. 

Im-ag'i-na-ble,  «.  Possible 
to  lie  conceived. 

Im-ag'i-na-ry,  a.    Fancied; 


existing  only  in  imagina- 
tion ;  visionary  ;  unreal. 

Im-ag'i-na'tion,  n.  Faculty 
of  forming  mental  images; 
conception  ;  idea. 

Im-ag'i-na'tive,  a.  Gifted 
with,  or  pertaining  to,  im- 
agination, [conceive. 

Im-ag'ine,  v.     To  think  ;  to 

Im-bank',  v.  t.  To  inclose  or 
defend  with  a  bank. 

Im-bank'ment,  n.  Act  of 
imbanking.  [or  body. 

Im'be-gile,  a    Weak  in  mind 

Im/be-gil'i-ty,  n.  Impoten- 
cy  ;  feebleness. 

Im-bSd',  r.  t.  To  sink  or 
cover,  as  in  a  bed. 

Im-bibe',  v.  t.     To  drink  in. 

Im-bit'ter,  v.  t.  To  make 
bitter. 

Im-bos'om,  v.  t.  To  em- 
brace or  hold  in  the  bosom 

Jm'bri-eate,     I  a.    Laid  one- 

Im'bri-ea'ted,  J  over  an- 
other, as  tile.s. 

Im/bri-ca'tion,  n.  An  over- 
lapping like  that  of  tiles. 

Im-brue',  V.  t.  To  steep  ;  to 
wet.   . 

Im-brute',  v.  To  degrade  or 
sink  to  brutality.       [deeply. 

Im-bue',    v.   t.     To   tincture 

Im'i-tatc,  v.  t.  To  follow  as  a 
pattern  or  model ;  to  copy. 

Im/i-ta/tion,  n.  Act  of  imi- 
tating ;  a  copy. 

Im'i-ta'tive,  a.  Tending  to, 
or  aiming  at,  likeness. 

Im'i-ta'tor,  ».  One  who  imi- 
tates. 

Im-ma-C'u-late,  a.  Without 
blemish ;  morally  spotless. 

Im'ma-nent,  a.    Inherent. 

InVma-te'ri-al,  a.  Not  con- 
sisting of  matter ;  unimpor- 
tant. 

Im/ma-te'ri-al-i§m,  n.  Doc- 
trine of  spiritual  existence. 

InYma-te'ri-al-ist,  n.  One 
who  professes  immateriality. 

Im/ma-t5''ri-al'i-ty,  n.  Qual- 
ity of  being  distinct  from 
matter.  [seasonable. 

Tm'ma-ture',  a.  Unripe ;  un- 

Im'ma-tu'ri-ty,  n.  Unripe- 
ness :  incompleteness. 

Im-mgas'ur-a-ble     (-mezh'- 


a,  6, 1, 5,  u,  y,  long ;  jl,  e,  I,  <5,  U, >',  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ore,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm  , 


IMMEASURABLY 


137 


IMPERVIOUS 


ur-),  a.  Incapable  of  being 
measured. 

Im-meas/ur-a-bly  (-mezh'- 
ur-),  adv.  Beyond  all  meas- 
ure, [medium ;  instant. 

Im-me'di-ate,  a.    Without  a 

Im-me'di-ate-ly,  adv.  With- 
out delay,  [be  cured. 

Im-med'i-ea-ble,  a.    Not  to 

Im<me-m6'ri-al,  a  The  ori- 
gin of  which  is  beyond 
memory 

Im-mense',  a.  Vast  in  ex- 
tent ;  without  known  limit. 

Im-m5nse'ly,  ado      Vastly. 

Im-msn'si-ty,  n  Unlimited 
extension  ;  vastness. 

Im-merge',  v.t.  To  immerse. 

Im-m^rse',  v  t.  To  put  into 
a  fluid  ;  to  engage  deeply. 

Im-mer'sion,  n.  The  act  of 
immersing,  or  state  of  being 
immersed  [no  method. 

TnVme-th&d'ie-al.a.  Having 

Im'mi-grant,  n.     One  who 

.    immigrates. 

Im'mi-grate,  v.  i.  To  re- 
move into  a  country  for  resi- 
dence, [into  a  country. 

Tm'mi-gra'tion,  n.   Removal 

Im'mi-nent,  a.     Impending. 

Ira-mls'sion  (-mish-un),  n. 
Act  of  sending  in. 

Im'mo-bil'i-ty,  n.  Resist- 
ance to  motion. 

Im-m6d'er-ate,a.  Excessive. 

Im-mod'er-ate-ly,  adv.  In 
an  excessive  degree. 

Im-m6d'est,  a.  Unchaste; 
impudent 

Im-mSd'est-ly,  adv.  With- 
out  reserve.  [modesty. 

Im-m6d'_est-y,.  n.     Want  of 

Im'mo-late,  v.  t.     To  sacri- 

n  fice. 

Im'mo-la/tion,  n.     Sacrifice. 

Im-m6r'al,rt.  Evil;  wicked. 

Im/mo-ral'i-ty,  n.  Any  act 
that  is  contrary  to  the  di- 
vine law 

Im-m6r'al-ly,«rfi>.  Viciously. 

Jm-m6r'tal,rt.  Never  dying. 

Im/mor-tal'i-ty,  n.  Immor- 
tal existence 

Im-mcr'tal-ize,r.  t.  To  make 
immortal. 

Im-mov'a-ble  (-m6"bv'a-bl), 
a.  Incapable  of  being  moved. 


Im-mpv'a-bly,  adv.      With 

firmness.  [privilege. 

Im-mu'ni-ty,  n.         Peculiar 
Im-mure',  v.  I.    To  inclose 

within  walls. 
Im-imVta-bil'i-ty,  n.      Un- 

changeableness. 
Im-mu'ta-ble,  a.     Incapable 

of  being  changed  ;   invaria- 
ble, [changeably. 
Im-mu'ta-bly,    adv.        Un- 
Imp,  n.     A  young  or  inferior 

devil.  [communicated. 

Im'paet,  n.     Collision  ;  force 
Im-pair',  v.  t.  To  make  worse ; 

to  injure  ;  to  weaken,  [stake. 
Im-pale',  r.  t  To  fix  on  a 
Im-pal'pa-ble,  a.    Incapable 

of  being  felt. 
Im-pan'el,  v.  t.    To  form  or 

enroll,  as  a  jury. 
Im-part',  v.t.    To  grant ;  to 

bestow  on  ;  to  make  known 
Im-par'tial,  a.      Free    from 

bias.  —  Syn.  Unprejudiced; 

just ;  equitable. 
Im/par-ti-al'i-ty  (-shI-21'-  or 

-shul'-),  n.      Freedom  from 

bias ;  justice.  [bly. 

Im-par'tial-ly,a</i'    Equita- 
Im-pass'a-ble,  a.    Not  to  be 

passed. 
Im-pas'si-bil'i-ty,    n.      Ex- 
emption from   suffering  or 

pain. 
Im-p&s'si-ble,  a.     Incapable 

of  passion  or  pain. 
Im-p&s'sion  (-pash'un),  v.  t. 

To  affect  with  passion 
Im-pas'sive,a.  Exempt  from 

suffering  or  pain. 
Im-pa'tience ,  n .    Uneasiness 

under  suffering,  delay,  &c. ; 

restlessness. 
Im-pa'tient  (-pa'shent),    a. 

Uneasy ;  not  quiet. 
Im-pa'tient-ly,  ado.     With 

uneasiness. 
Im-peach',  v.t.    To  accuse 

by  a  public  body  ;  to  bring 

into  question. 
Im-peach'a-b!e,   a.      Liable 

to  impeachment. 
Im-peach'ment.  n.    Accusa- 
tion bv  authority. 
Im-pee'ea-bil'i-ty,  n.     The 

quality  of  not  being  liable 

to  sin. 


Im-pee'ea-ble,  a.  Not  liable 
to  sin. 

Im-pede',  v.  t.  To  hinder ; 
to  obstruct.  [tion. 

Im-ped'i-ment,  n.    Obstrue- 

Im-pei'  (7),  v.  t.  To  urge  for- 
ward. 

Im-pel'lent,  n.  A  power  that 
drives. — a.  Urging. 

Im-pSnd',  v.  i.  To  hang  over. 

Im-pend'ence,    I  n.  A  hang- 

lm-pend'en-cy, )     ing  over. 

Im-pend'ing,  a.  Hanging 
over ;  imminent. 

Im-pen'e-tra-bil'i-ty,  n. 
Quality  of  not  being  pene- 
trable. 

Im-pen'e-tra-ble,  a.  Inca- 
pable of  being  penetrated. 

Im-pen'i-tcnce,  n.  Obdu- 
racy ;  hardness  of  heart. 

Im-pen'i-tent,  a.  Not  repent- 
ing of  sin. 

Im-per 'a-tive,  a  Expressive 
of  command. 

Im-per'a-tive-ly,  adv.  With 
command.        [be  perceived. 

Im-per-gept'i-ble,  a.    Not  to 

Im-per'feet,  a.  Not  perlect ; 
having  some  defect. 

Im'per-fec'tion,  n.  Defect ; 
want ;  blemish.  [ly. 

Im-perf  eet-ly,  adv.  Not  ful- 

Im-pe'ri-al,  a.  Belonging  to 
an  empire  or  an  emperor. 

Im-per'il  (8),  v.  t.  To  en- 
danger, [ing;  arrogant. 

Im-pe'ri-ous,  a.     Com  man  d- 

Im-pSr'ish-a-ble,  a.  Not  lia- 
ble to  perish. 

Im-per'me-a-bil'i-t;;-,  n. 
Quality  of  not  being  perme- 
able. 

Im-per'me-a-ble,  a.  Incapa- 
ble of  being  passed  through. 

Im-p6r'son-al,  o.  Not  varied 
according  to  the  persons. 

Im-per 'son-ate,  v.  t.  To  per- 
sonify,      [vance;  rudeness. 

Im-per'ti-nence,  n.      Irrele- 

Im-per'ti-nent,  a.  Irrele- 
vant ;  rude ;  uncivil. 

Im-per 'ti-nent-ly,  adv.  Offi- 
ciously 

Im'per-tur'ba-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  disturbed. 

Im-per'vi-ous,  a.  Not  to  be 
penetrated. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took  ;   Cm,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist;  nasng;  this. 


IMPETUOSITY 

Im-pet/u-5s'i-ty,  n.  Yiolence; 
vehemence.  [passionate. 

Jm-pet'u-ous,  a.   Vehement ; 

Im'pe-tus,  n.  Force  of  mo- 
tion ;  momentum. 

Im-pl'e-ty,  n.    Ungodliness. 

Im-plnge',  v.  t.  To  dash 
against. 

Im'pi-cus,  a.  Irreverent  to- 
ward (Jod ;  profane. 

Im-pla/ea-bii'i-ty,  n.  Qual- 
ity of  being  implacable. 

Im-pla'-ea-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
appeased  ;  inexorable ;  unre- 
lenting. 

Im-pla'€a-bly,«rfi\  With  un- 
appeasable enmity,      [infix. 

Im-plant',  V.  t.   To  insert ;  to 

Im-plead',  v.  t.  To  sue  at  law. 

Im'ple-ment,  n.  A  tool  or 
instrument ;  utensil. 

Im/pli-eate,  v.  t.  To  involve. 

Im/pIi-€a'tion,  n.  Act  of  in- 
volving ;  entanglement ;  in- 
ference. 

Im'pli-ea'tive,  a.  Tending 
to  implicate.  [plied. 

Im-pliQ'it,    a.      Tacitly    im- 

Im-plig'it-ly,  adv.  By  infer- 
ence ;  unreservedly. 

Im-plore',  r.  t.  To  call  upon 
in  supplication  ;  to  beseech. 

Im-ply',  v.  t.  To  contain  by 
inference  :  to  include  vir- 
tually ;  to  signify  ;  to  mean. 

Im-p&l'i-gy,  n.  Inexpedience. 

Im/po-lite',  a.  Not  having 
politeness  ;  uncivil  ;  rude 

Im/po-lite'ness,  n.  Want  of 
manners  ;  incivility. 

Im-pdl'i-tie,  a.    Not  wise. 

Im-pdn'der-a-ble,  I  a.    Hav- 

Im-p6n'der-ous,  j  ing  no 
sensible  weight. 

Im-port',  v  t.  To  bring  in 
from  abroad  or  from  an- 
other country. 

Im'port,  n.  Thing  imported ; 
signification  ;  moment. 

Im-port'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  imported.    t 

Im-por'tange,  n.  Weight  ; 
consequence,     [momentous 

Tm-por'tant,    a.     Weighty ; 

Im'por-ta'tion,  n  Act.  of 
importing ;  commodities  im- 
ported, (urgent. 

Im-p6rt'u-nate,a    Pressing; 


138 

Im/por-tune',  v.  t.    To  urge. 

Im'por-tu'ni-ty,?!.  Urgency. 

Im-p6§e',  v.  t.  To  put  or  lay 
on  ;  to  deceive. 

Im-pc§'ing,  p.  a.    Impress- 

_  ive ;  commanding. 

Im'po-gi'tion  (-z'ish'un),  n. 
Act  of  laying  on  ;  deception. 

Im-pds'si-bil'i-ty,  n.  That 
which  can  not  be. 

Im-p6s'si-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
or  to  be  done. 

Im'post,  n.  Duty  on  ^^ 
goods  ;  part  of  a  pil-  ^\s^% 
lar  on  which  the  Yrf 
weight  of  an  arch  or  ■ejl 
building  rests.  fe 

Im-post'hume  ,n.An  W 
abscess.  Impost. 

Im-p6s'tor,  n.     A  deceiver. 

Im-p6st'ure,  n.    Deception. 

Im'po-tenge,     (  n.      Weak- 

Im'po-ten-Qy,  J  ness  ;  im- 
becility. 

Im'po-tent,  a.  Weak  ;  want- 
ing competent  power. 

Im'po-tent-ly,  adv.  Weakly. 

Im-pound',  v.  t.  To  confine 
in  a  pound.        [make  poor. 

Im-p6v'er-ish,    v.    t.       To 

Im-pdv'er-ish-ment,  n.  Re- 
ductioato  poverty ;  exhaust- 
ion. 

Im-prae'ti-ea-bil'i-ty,  n. 
State  of  being  impractica- 
ble. 

Im-pra-e'ti-ea-ble,  a.  Inca- 
pable of  being  done ;  impos- 
sible. 

Im'pre-cate,  v.  t.  To  invoke, 
as  evil,  on  any  one. 

Im/pre-ea/tion,  n.  Invoca- 
tion of  evil.  —  Syn.  Curse  ; 
execration ;  anathema. 

Im-preg'na-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  taken  ;_  invincible. 

Im-preg'nate,  v.  t.  To  make 
pregnant :  to  infuse. 

Im/preg-na'tion,7i.  The-act 
of  impregnating. 

Im'pre-seript'i-ble,  a.  Not 
to  be  lost,  impaired,  or 
alienated  ;  not  depending  on 
external  authority. 

Im-press',  v.  t.  To  stamp  ; 
to  print ;  to  force  into  ser- 
vice, as  seamen. 

Im/press,  n.    Mark  ;  stamp. 


IMPUDENCE 

Im-pr6ss'i-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
receiving  impression. 

Im-pres'sion  (-presh'un),  n. 
Stamp  ;  edition;  influence  ; 
effect. 

Im-pr6ss'ive,  a.  Producing 
effect  ;  susceptible. 

Im-press'ment,  n.  The  act 
of  forcing  men  into  service. 

Im-pri'mis,  adv.  In  the  firat 
place. 

Im-print',  v.  t.  To  mark  by 
pressure  ;  to  fix  deep. 

Im'print,  n.  A  publisher's 
name  with  date  and  place  of 
publication. 

Im-pris'on  ( -prTz'n ),v.t  To 
put  in  a  prison  ;  to  confine. 

Im-prI§'on-ment,  w.  *  Con- 
finement in  a  prison. 

Im-pr&b'a-bil'i-ty,  n.  Un- 
likelihood. 

Im-pr6b'a-ble,  a.  Not  likely. 

Im-pr6b'a-bly,  adv.  In  a 
manner  not  likely. 

Tm-pr5b'i-ty,  n.   Dishonesty. 

Im-prrJrnp'tu,  adv.  Without 
previous  study  ;  off-hand. 

Im-pr6p'er,  a.  Not  proper; 
unfit;  unsuitable. 

Im-prop'er-ly,  adv.  Unsuit- 
ably :  not  fitly. 

Im/pro-pri'e-ty,  n  Unfit- 
ness ;  luisuitablcncss  to 
time,  place,  or  character. 

Im-prpv'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  improved. 

Im-prcve',  v.  t.  To  make 
better;  to  use  to  advantage. 
—  v.  i.     To  grow  better. 

Im-prgve'ment(10),»!.  Prog- 
ress from  good  to  better  ; 
instructionj  (pi.)  valuable 
additions.  [foresight. 

Im-pr6v'i-den<3e,  n.  Want  of 

Im-pr6v'i-dent,  a.  Not  mak- 
ing provision. 

Im-prSv'i-sa'tion,  n.  Ex- 
tern poraneous  composition. 

Im/ provide',  v.  t.  or  i*.  To 
compose  extemporaneously. 

Im-pru'den^e,  n.  Want  of 
prudence  ;  rashness. 

Im-pru'dent.  a.   Indiscreet. 

Im-pru'dent-ly,  adv.  In- 
discreetly. 

Im'pu-denge,  n.  Effrontery  ; 
rudeness. 


a,e,I,  o,  u,y,  long;  a,  c,I,  o,  11,  y,  short  j  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what;  ere,  veil,  ti-rm  ;  pique,  firm  ; 


IMPUDENT 

Im'pu-dent,  a.  Wanting 
modesty  ;  shamelessly  bold. 

Ira'pu-dent-ly,  adv.  With 
shameless  etfrontery ;  rude- 
ly, [contradict. 

Im-pugn'  (-pun'),  v.  t.    To 

Im'pulse,  n.  Force  commu- 
nicated ;  influence. 

Im-pul'sion,  n.  Act  of  impel- 
ling .  force  communicated. 

Im-pul'sive,  a.  Communi- 
cating force ;  acting  from 
impulse. 

Im-pu'ni-ty,  n.  Exemption 
from  punishment 

Ira-pure',  a.  Not  pure  ;  foul ; 
unholy  ;  unchaste;  lewd. 

Im-pu'ri-ty,  n.  Foulness. 

Im'pu-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
imputing;  censure. 

Impute',  t».  t.  To  charge 
upon  ,  to  attribute. 

In,  prep.  Present ;  within.  — 
adv.    Within  some  place. 

In'a-bll'i-ty.w.  Want  of  pow- 
er, means  skill,  &c. 

In'ae-ges'ai-bil'i-ty ,  n .  Qual- 
ity of  being  beyond  reach. 

In'ae-gSss'i-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
reached.  [accuracy. 

In-a€'€u-ra-Qy,  n.    Want  of 

In-a€'€U-rate,  a.  Erroneous. 

In-ae'€u-rate-ly,  adv.  Not 
correctly  ;  erroneously. 

In-ae'tion,  n.  Want  of  ac- 
tion ;  state  of  rest ;  idleness. 

Iri-a€t'ive,  a.  Unemployed  ; 
idle  ;  sluggish  ;  lazy. 

In'a-e-tiv'i-ty,  n.  Want  of 
activity  ;  idleness,     [ciency. 

In-ad'e-qua-gy,  n.     Insufn- 

In-ad'e-quate,  a.  Not  equal 
to  the  purpose  — Syn.  Un- 
equal ;  iucompetent ;  insufii- 
cicnt ;  defective. 

In'ad-mis'si-ble,  a.  Not 
proper  to  be  admitted 

In'ad-vert'enge,  n.  Negli- 
gence ;  oversight. 

In'ad-vert'ent,  a.  Heedless. 

In/ad- veh't'ent-ly,  adv.  With 
negligence. 

In-al'ien-a-ble,  a.  Incapable 
of  being  alienated. 

In-ane',  a.  Void ;  empty. 

In-an'i-mate,  a.  Void  of  life. 

In'a-ni'tion  (-nlsh'un),  n. 
Want   of    fullness  ;    empti- 


139 

ness ;  exhaustion  from  lack 
of  food. 

In-an'i-ty,  n.  Emptiness. 

In-ap'pli-ca-bil'i-ty,    I     n. 

In-ap'pli~ea-ble-ness, ) 
Quality  of  not  being  appli- 
cable. 

In-ap'pli--ea-ble,  a.  Not  suit- 
able to  be  applied  ;  unfit. 

In-ap'po-site,  a.  Not  appo- 
site. 

In'ap-pre'gi-a-ble  (-prC-'shl- 
a-),  a.    Not  to  be  estimated. 

In/ap-pro'pri-ate,  a.  Unbe- 
coming; unsuitable. 

In-apt',  a.  Not  fitted. 

In-apt'i-tudc,  n.    Unfitness. 

In-arch',  v.  t.  To  graft  by 
joining  a  scion  to  a  stock 
without  separating  it  from 
its  parent  tree. 

In'ar-tie'u-late,  a.  Not  ut- 
tered with  articulation. 

In-ar'ti-fi'cial  (-ilsh'al),  a. 
Not  done  by  art. 

In'as-much',  adv.  Seeing 
that ;  since. 

In'at-tSn'tion,  n.  Neglect. 

In'at-tSn'tive,  a.   Heedless. 

In-aud'i-ble,  a.  Incapable  of 
being  heard  ;  making  no 
sound.  [inauguration. 

In-au'gu-ral,  a.    Relating  to 

In-riu'gu-rate,  v.  t.  To  in- 
duct into  an  office  ;  to  cause 
to  begin  ;  to  dedicate. 

In-au'gu-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
inducting  into  office  with 
appropriate  ceremonies. 

In'au-spl'cious  (-spTsh'us), 
a.'  Unfortunate  ;  unfavor- 
able. 

In'bcrn,  a.  Implanted  by 
nature  ;  innate. 

in'bred,  a.   Bred  within. 

ln-eage',  v.  t.  To  confine  in 
a  cage,  [calculated. 

In-eai'-eu-la-ble,  «•  Not  to  lie 

In'-ean-dSs'genge,  n.  A  white 
heat.  [with  heat. 

In'-ean-dSs'gent,  a.  Glowing 

In'-ean-ta'tion,  n.  A  magical 
charm  ;  enchantment. 

In~e5/pa-bil'i-ty,  n.  Inca- 
j  pacity  ;  want  of  qualifica- 
!      tions. 

In-€a'pa-ble,  a.  Wanting 
|      power ;  disqualified. 


INCISOR 

In'ea-pag'i-tate,^  t.  To  de- 
prive of  power. 

In'ea-pag'i-ty,  n.  Want  of 
capacity  ;  inability. 

In-ear'ger-ate,  v.  t.  To  im- 
prison. 

In-ear'ger-a'tion,  n.  Im- 
prisonment, [flesh. 

In-ear'nate,  a.    Clothed  in 

In'-ear-na'tion,  n.  Act  of 
clothing  with  flesh.      [case. 

In-ease',  v.  t.  To  inclose  in  a 

In-eau'tious,  a.  Unwary  ; 
heedless.  [lessly. 

In-eau'ticus-ly,  adv.    Ilced- 

In-gen'di-a-ri§m,  n.  Crimo 
of  house-burning. 

In-gen'di-a-ry,  n  One  who 
maliciously  bums  a  houso 
or  foments  strife. 

In'gense,  n.  Perfume  ex- 
haled by  file. 

In-gSnr.c',  v.  t.    To  irritate. 

In-g5n'tive,  a.  Inciting  ;  en- 
couraging.—  n.  That  which 
encourages. 

In-g6p'tion,  n.   A  beginning. 

In-gep'tive,  a.  BeRinnir.?;. 

In-ger'ti-tudc,  n.  Uncertain- 
ty ;  doubtfulness. 

In-ges'sant,  a.    Unceasing. 

In-gSs'sant-ly,  adc.  With- 
out  intermission. 

In'gest,  n.  Cohabitation  of 
persons  within  the  prohib- 
ited degrees  of  kindred. 

In-g6st'u-ous,  a.  Consisting 
in,  or  guilty  of,  incest. 

Inch  (18),  n.  Twelfth  part  of 
a  foot. 

fn'-eho-atc,  a.    Begun. 

In'gi-denge,  n.  The  direction 
in  which  a  ray  of  light  falls 
on  any  surface. 

In'gi-dent,  a.  Falling  on  ; 
casual;  liable  to  happen. — 
n.     That  which  happens. 

In'gi-dSnt'al,  a.  Happening 
occasionally.  [ually. 

In'gi-dent^al-ly,  adv.     Cas- 

In-gin'er-ate,  v.  t.  To  burn 
to  ashes. 

In-gip'i-en-gy,  n.  Beginning. 

In-gip'i-ent, a.  Commencing. 

In-gis'ion  (-sTzh'un),  n.  A 
cut*;  a  gash  ;  a  wound. 

In-gi'sive,  a.    Cutting. 

In-gi'gor,  n.     A  foretooth. 


eon,  or,  do,,  wolf,  to"o,  tdbk ;  Urn,  rjje,  pull ;  f,  g,  soft ;  -c,  g,  hard;  aj. ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


INCISURE 

In-Qis'ure  (-sizh'jjr),  n.  A 
cut. 

In'Qi-ta/tion,  n.  Incentive. 

In-rlte',  v.-  t.  To  move  or 
rouse  to  action. 

In-gite'ment  (10),  n.  That 
which  moves  the  mind  ;  mo- 
tive ;  inciting  cause. 

In'oi-vii'i-ty,  n.  Want  of  ci- 
vility ;  disrespect ;  rudeness. 

In-elam'en-cvy,  n.  Severity. 

In-elam'ent,  a.  Severe,  as 
applied  to  weather.  —  SYN. 
Rough  ;  stormy  ;  boisterous. 

In/eli-nu/tion,  n.  A  leaning; 
tendency  ;  disposition. 

In-ellne',  v.  t.  or  i.  To  lean  ; 
to  bend  ;  to  feel  disposed.  — 
Inclined  plane,  .. 

a  sloping  plane ;         ^^\ 
one  of  the  me-     ^J^ 

chanical    pow-   * ' ' 

crs.  Inclined 

In-€lose'      (28),      Plano- 
v.  t.     To  surround. 

In-cl02'ure  (-kl."/zhjjr),  n.  A 
place  inclosed. 

In-elude',  r.  I.  To  compre- 
hend ;  to  comprise.        ling. 

In-clu'sion,  n   Act  of  kiclud- 

In~elu's/ve,  a.  Comprehend- 
ing :  inclosing.        [include. 

In-elu'sive-ly,  adv.  So  as  to 

In-c6g',  I  adv.     In  dis- 

In-eog'ni-to, )  guise  ;  in 
private. 

In-€og'ni-to,  a.  Unknown  ;  in 
a  disguise.  —  }).  One  in 
disguise  ;  state  of  being  in 
disguise. 

In'eo-her'enc.e,    )  n.     Want 

In'-eo-her'en-gy,  j  of  con- 
nection [nected. 

Tn/eo-her'ent.  a.    Not  con- 

In/com-bus'ti-bil'i-ty,  ». 
Quality  of  being  incombus- 

_  tible. 

In/eom-bus'ti-ble,  a.  Not 
capable  of  being  burned. 

Tn'-eome,  n.     Rent ;  revenue. 

In/tiom-men'su-rate,  ) 

Inborn- m6n'su-ra-ble,  i 
(-men'shij-),  a.  Not  of 
equal  extent. 

In'com-mode',  v.  t.  To  give 
inconvenience  to. 

In/eom-mo'di-oiis,  a.  Incon- 
vc-nient ;  unsuitable. 


140 

In'-eom-mu'ni-ca-ble,  a.  Not 
to  be  communicated. 

In-eom'pa-ra-ble,  a.  Admit- 
ting no  comparison. 

In-eom'pa-ra-bly,  adv.  Be- 
yond comparison. 

Iri'-eom-pas'sion-ate,  a.  Void 
of  pity  ;  hard  ;  cold. 

In'-eom-pat/i-bil'i-ty,  n.  Ir- 
reconcilable inconsistency. 

In'eom-pat'i-blCjO.  irrecon- 
cilably inconsistent. 

In-eom/pe-tenge,    \  n.    Ina- 

In-c6m'pe-ten-Qy,  )  bility  ; 
want  of  means  or  of  legal 
power ;  incapability. 

In-e6m'pe-tent,  «•  Not  com- 
petent ;  improper ;  unfit. 

In/com-plete',  a.  Not  fin- 
ished ;  imperfect ;  defective 

In-coin'prc-h&i'si-ble,  a. 
Incapable  of  being  under- 
stood. 

In--c6i"n/pre-hen'si-blv%  «**»• 
So  as  not  to  be  intelligible. 

In'-eom-press'i-blc,  a.  In- 
capable of  being  reduced 
into  a  smaller  compass. 

In'con-geiv'a-blc,  a.  Not  to 
be  conceived. 

In'-con-geiv'a-bly,  adv.  Be- 
yond comprehension. 

In/eon-ciu'sive,  a.  Not  de- 
termining a  question. 

In-c6n'gru-ent,  a.  Incon- 
sistent; unsuitable. 

In'eon-gru'i-ty,  n.  Unsuita- 
bleness;  inconsistency. 

In-€on'gru-ous,  a.  Not  con- 
sistent. —  SVN.  Unfit  ;  in- 
appropriate ;  unsuitable. 

In~e6n'sc-quent,  a.  Without 
regular  inference. 

In'-eon-sid'er-a-ble,  a.  Of 
small  amount  or  impor- 
tance ;  trifling. 

In'-eon-sid'er-ate,  a.  Heed- 
less; careless;   thoughtless. 

In/eon-sid'er-ate-ly,  adv. 
Without  thought. 

In/con-sid'er-a/tion,  n. 

Want  of  consideration. 

In'eon-sist'en-gy,  n.     Want 

!  _  of  agreement;  incongruity. 

In/son-slst'ent,  a.      Incon- 

i  w  gruous  ;   unsuitable. 

In'eon-sist'ent-ly,  adv.    In- 

I      congruously 


INCREDIBILITY 

In'-eon-sol'a-ble,  a.  Not  ad- 
mitting comfort.  [ness. 

In-eon'stan-gy,   n.     Fickle- 

In-eon'stant,  a.  Subject  to 
change  of  opinion  or  pur- 
pose ;  not  uniform ;  varia- 
ble  ;  fickle. 

In'-con-tSst'a-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  contested  or  disputed. 

In/-con-t&st'a-bly,«r/!'.  be- 
yond dispute.  [tity- 

In-€6n'ti-nenge,  n.  Unchas- 

In-eon'ti-nent,  a.  Unchaste; 
licentious. 

In-e6n'li-nent-ly,  adv. 

Without   self-control,     im- 
mediately. 

In-eon'tro-vert'i-ble,  a.  Not 
to  be  controverted. 

In-efin'tro-vert'i-bly,  adv. 
I'eyond  dispute. 

In/eon-ven'icnge,  n.  Want 
of  convenience;  trouble. 

In'con-ven'icnt  (-vCn^vcnt), 
a.  Incommodious  ;  unfit ; 
troublesome. 

In~c6r'po-ral,      Inr.Noteon- 

In/cor-pc'rc-al,  )  si  sting  of 
matter  ;  not  material. 

In-eor'po-ratc,  r.  /.  or  i.  To 
form  into  a  body  :  to  unite. 

In--e6r/po-r5/tion,M.  Act  of 
incorporating. 

IiV-cor-re-Ct',  n.  Inaccurate; 
containing  faults. 

In-c6r'ri-gi-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  corrected. 

In-eor'ri-gi-ble-ness,  n. 
Quality  of  being  incorrigi- 
ble. 

In-eor'ri-gi-bly,  adv.  Pe- 
yond  hope  of  amendment. 

In/eor-rupt',  a.     Free  from 
I      corruption;  honest;  pure. 
'  In/€or-rupt/i-bil'i-ty,         n. 
Quality  of  being  incorrupti- 
ble, [be  corrupted. 

In'eor-riipt'i-ble,  a.     Not  to 

In'-eor-rup'tion,  n.  Exemp- 
tion from  decay  [thick. 

In-eras'sate,  v.  t.    To  make 

In~erease',  v.  i.  To  grow. — 
v.  t.     To  cause  to  grow. 

Ir\.~erease',  or  In'-erease,  n. 
Augmentation;  produce; 
growth. 

In-ergd'i-bil'i-ty.  n.  The 
quality  of  being  incredible. 


a,  o,  i,  o,  Q,  y,  lonii ;  ;i,  e,  T,  6,  U,  y,  slwrt ;  citre,  car, ask,  all,  what ;  Ore,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm : 


INCREDIBLE 

In-cr6d'i-ble,  a.  Impossible 
to  be  believed. 

In-er6d'i-bly,  adv.  So  as  not 
to  deserve  belief. 

In/€re-du'li-ty,  n.  Indisposi- 
tion to  believe.  [Sieving. 

In-crSd'u-loiis,  a.    Not  be- 

In'cre-ment,  n.     Increase. 

In-crust',  e.  t.  To  cover  with 

fi  a  crust  or  hard  coat. 

In'-crus-ta/tion,  n.  Act  of 
incrusting  ;  a  hard  coat. 

In'-cu-bate,  v.  i.  To  sit  on, 
as  eggs.  [ting  on  eggs. 

Tn'cu-ba/tioii,  n.    Act  of  sit- 

Jn'cu-bus,  n.  The  nightmare. 

In-cul'-cate,  v.  t.  To  enforce 
or  urge.  [culcating. 

In'-cul-ca/tion,  n.  Act  of  in- 

In-eul'pa-ble,  a.  Not  blam- 
able  ;  without  fault. 

In-eul'pate,  v.  t.  To  cen- 
sure ;  to  accuse  of  crime. 

In-cum'bent,  n.  One  who 
has  a  beuefice  or  an  oflioo. 
—  a.  Imposed  as  a  duty  ; 
lying  upon,    [deusome  load. 

In-cum'branQe,  n.    A  bur- 

In-cur'  (7),  v.  t.  To  become 
liable  to.     [being  incurable. 

In-cur'a-bll'i-ty,  n.  State  of 

In-ciir'a-ble  (11),  a.  Inca- 
pable of  being  cured.  —  ». 
A  patient  who  is  not  to  be 
cured.  [be  incurable. 

In-cur'a-bly,  adv.    So  as  to 

In-cu'ri-ous,  a.  Having  no 
curiosity. 

In-cur'sion,  n.  An  inroad; 
invasion.  [crooked. 

In-curv'ate,  v.  t.    To  make 

Jn-curv'ate,  a.  Bent  or 
curved  inward  or  upward. 

In'-cur-va'tion,  n.  Act  of 
bending  ;  crookedness. 

In-curve',  v.  t.    To  bend. 

In-curv'i-ty,  n.  A  bent  state. 

In-djbt'ed  (-det'ed),  a.  Be- 
ing in  debt. 

In-dSbt'ed-ness  (-det'ed-),  n. 
State  of  being  in  debt. 
%       In-ds'Qen-^y,  n.  That  which 
is  unbecoming  in  manner  or 
language  ;  immodesty. 

In-decent,  a.  Offensive  to 
delicacy ;  immodest. 

In-de'gent-ly,  adv.  So  as  to 
offend  delicacy. 


141 

in'de-Qi'pher-a-ble,  a.  Im- 
possible to  be  deciphered. 

Iivde-gls'ion  (-sTzh'un),  n. 
Want  of  decision. 

In'de-gl'sive,  a.  Not  decisive. 

In'de-elin'a-ble,  n.  Not  va- 
ried in  termination.. 

In'de-eo'rous,  or  In-dec'o- 
rous,  a.  Violating  good 
manners.  —  Syn.  Unbecom- 
ing ;  indecent ;  uncivil. 

In'de-co'rum,  n.  Impropri- 
ety of  conduct ;  rudeness ; 
impoliteness.  [truth. 

In-dced',  adv.    In  fact;   in 

In'de-fat'i-ga-ble,  a.  Not 
yielding  to  fatigue. 

In'de-fat'i-ga-bly,  adv. 

Without  weariness. 

In'de-fea'si-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  defeated. 

In'de-fe-et'i-ble,  a.  Not  lia- 
ble to  defect  or  failure. 

In'dc-fen'si-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
defended. 

In-def'i-nite,rt.    Not  precise. 

In-deP i-nitc-ly,  adv.  With- 
out limitation. 

In-del'i-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
blotted  out. 

In-del'i-bly,  adv.  So  as  not 
to  be  effaced.  [delicacy. 

In-dei'i-ca-gy,  n.     Want  of 

In-del'i-eate,  a.  Offensive  to 
purity  ;  indecent. 

In-dSnVni-fi-eu/tion,  n.  Re- 
imbursement of  loss. 

In-dem'ni-fy,r.  t.  To  secure 
against  loss  ;  to  make  good. 

In-dem'ni-ty,  n.  Security 
against  loss  or  penalty. 

In-dent',  v.  t.  To  notch  ;  to 
bind  to  service. — n.  A 
notch  in  the  margin. 

In'den-ta/tion,  n.  A  cut; 
a  notch. 

In-dent'ure,  n.  A  mutual 
agreement  in  writing. 

In'de-pend'enQe,  n.  Exemp- 
tion from  control. 

In'de-pend'ent,  a.  Not  re- 
lying on  others  ;  not  sub- 
ject to  control.  —  n.  One  of 
a  church  complete  in  itself. 

In'de-pend'ent-ly,  adv. 
Without  dependence. 

In'de-s-erib'a-ble,  a.  Impos- 
sible to  be  described. 


INDIRECT 

In'de-struc'ti-ble,  a.  Inca- 
pable of  being  destroyed. 

In'de-ter'mi-na-ble,  a.  Inca- 
pable of  being  determined. 

In'de-ter'mi-nate.a.  Indefi- 
nite. 

In'de-vout',  a.^Not  devout. 

In'dex,  ft.  {pi.  In'dex-es,  or 
In'di-^es,  25.)  Something 
that  points  ;  table  of  con- 
tents. 

In'dia-man  (Tnd'ya-  or  Yn'dT- 
;\-),  n.  A  large  ship  in  the 
India  trade. 

In'dian  (Indian  or  Tn'di-an), 
a.  Relating  to  the  Indies,  or 
to  the  aborigines  cf  An. erica. 
—  n.  A  native  of  the  Indies; 
an  aboriginal  American. 

In'dia-rub'ber  (Ynd'ya-  or 
in'di-n-),  n.    Caoutchouc. 

In'di-cate,  r.  t.    To  show. 

In'di-ea'tion,  n.  Anything 
indicative;  token.         [out. 

In-die'a-tive,   a.      Pointing 

In'di-ea'tor,  n.  He  who,  or 
that  which,  shows. 

In-dlct'  (in-dif),  v.  t.  To 
present  for  judicial  trial. 

In-dict'a-ble  (-dit'a-bl),  a. 
Subject  to  indictment. 

In-dict'ment  (dit'-),  n.  Ac- 
cusation by  a  grand  jury. 

In-di-e'tion ,  n.  Declaration  ; 
a  cycle  of  fifteen  years. 

In-dif'fer-ence,  n.  Impar- 
tiality ;  unconcernedness. 

In-dif  fer-ent,  a.  Of  no  ac- 
count ;  impartial ;  passable  ; 
tolerable.  [ably. 

In-dif 'fer-ent-ly,  adv.  Toler- 
\  In'di-genge,  n.  State  of  des- 
titution ;  poverty.       — 

In-dig'e-nous,  a.  Native  to 
a  country. 

In'di-gent,  a.    Needy  ;  poor. 

In'di-gest'i-ble,  a.  Incapable 
of  being  digested 

In'di-ges'ticn  (jest'yun),  n. 
Want  of  digestive  powers. 

In-dig'nant,  a.  Inflamed 
with  anger,  [with  contempt. 

Tn'dig-na'tion,   n.       Anger 

In-dig'ni-ty,  n.  Insult ;  con- 
temptuous conduct. 

In'di-go,  n.  A  blue  coloring 
matter.  [dishonest. 

In'dl-re-et',   a.     Not  direct; 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  tcTo,  took  ;  urn,  rue,  py.ll;  c,  g,  soft;  «,  g,  hard;  a*  ;  c^ist ;  n  as  ng  ;   ti;is. 


INDIRECT 

In'di-re-et',  a.     Not  direct ; 

dishonest. 
In'di-re-e'tion,    n.      Oblique 

course  or  means.  [ly. 

Jn'dl-re-et'ly,  adv.  Notdirett- 
In^ig-cern'i-ble  (-diz- 

ziirn7-),  a.  Not  to  be  seen. 
In'dis-ereet',  a.  Injudicious. 
In/dis-ere'tion    (-kresh'un), 

n.    Imprudence;  folly. 
Indis-erim'i-nate,  a.    Not 

making  a  distinction. 
Indis-erim'i-nate-ly,    adv. 

Without  distinction. 
In'dis-eiinVi-na'tion,        n. 

Want  of  distinction, 
In'dis-pen'sa-ble,  a.    Not  to 

be  dispensed  with  ;    neces- 
sary. 
In'dis-pen'sa-bly,   adt, 

Necessarily.  [cline. 

Indis-pose',  r.  t.     To  disin- 
In-dis'pcnjsl'tion  (-zltb/un ), 

n     Disinclination  ;  sickness. 

In-dis'pu-ta-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  controverted. 

In-dis'pu-ta-bly,  adv.  Be- 
yond question. 

In-dis'so-lu-ble,  a.  Not  ca- 
pable of  being  melted  ;  bind- 
ing,       [not  to  be  dissolved. 

Jn-dis'so4u-bly,  adv.    So  as 

In'dig-gSlv'a-ble,  a.  Inca- 
pable of  being  dissolved. 

In'dis-posed',  a.  Somewhat 
iil  :  disiueliued.      [obscure. 

tn'dis-tlnet',  a.     Confused ; 

In'dis-tinet'ly,  adv.  Not 
clearly ;  obscurely. 

In/dis-tlnet'ness,  n.  Want 
of  distinctness  or  clearness. 

In'dis-tin'guish-a-ble,  a. 
Not  to  be  distinguished. 

In-dite',  v.  t.  To  compose  in 
writing ;  to  dictate. 

In'di-vid'u-a^a.  Single;  nu- 
merically one.  —  n.  A 
single  person  or  thing. 

In'di-vid'u-al'i-ty,  n.  Sepa- 
rate.  existence. 

In'di-vid'u-al-ly,  adv,  Sin- 
gly, [of  division. 

In'di-vTs'i-ble,  a.    Incapable 

In-doQ'ile,  a.    Dull :  lntract- 

„  able.  [intellect. 

In'do-cfl'I-ty,  n.  Dullness  <>f 

ln-do€'tri-nate,  v.  t.  To  in- 
struct in  principles. 


142 

I  In'do-lenQe,  n.  Habitual 
I      idleness  ;  sloth. 

In'do-lent,  a.  Habitually 
idle;  slothful.        [querable. 

In-ddm'i-ta-ble,  a.    Uncon- 

In-dorse',  v.  t.  To  write,  as 
one's  name,  on  the  back  ;  to 
assign  by  indorsement. 

In/dor-see',  n.  One  to  whom 
a  note  is  indorsed. 

In-dors'er.  n.  One  who  in- 
dorses a  note  or  bill. 

In-dorse'ment,  n.  A  writing 
of  one's  name  on  the  back 
of  a  note. 

In-du'bi-ta-ble,a.  Admitting 
no  doubt;  perfectly  certain. 

In-du'bi-ta-bly,  adv.  Cer- 
tainly, [suasion. 

In-duge',r.  t.  Toleadbyper- 

In-duge'ment,  n.  Any  thing 
which  induces.         [session. 

In-du-et',  r.  t.  To  put  in  pos- 

In-due'tion,  n.  Introduc- 
tion ;  inference  or  conclu- 
sion, [inference. 

In-duet'ive,   a.     Leading  to 

In-du€t'ive-ly,  adv.  By  in- 
duction or  inference. 

In-due',  v.  t.  To  invest;  to 
clothe ;  to  furnish. 

In-dulge',  v.  t.  To  gratify  ;  to 
humor;  to  permit  to  enjoy. 

In-dul'gence,  n.  Forbear- 
ance of  restraint,      [wishes. 

In-dul'gent,  a.     Yielding  to 

In'du-rate,  •.  i.  or  t.  To 
harden.  [hardening. 

In'du-ra'tion,    n.      Act   of 

In-dus'tri-al,  a.  Relating  to, 
or  consisting  in,  industry. 

In-dus'tri-ous,  «.  Habitual- 
ly diligent;  assiduous. 

In-dus'tri-ous-ly,  adv.  Dili- 
gently,     [igence ;  assiduity. 

In'dus-try,  n.    Constant  dil- 

In'dwell-ing,  a.  Residing 
within.  [drunk. 

In-e'bri-ate,  v.  t.    To  make 

In-e'bri-ate,  n.  An  habitual 
drunkard :  a  sot. 

In-e'bri-a'tion,  I  n.    Drunk- 

In'e-bn'e-ty,  )  enness;  in- 
toxication. 

In-£d'it-ed,a.    Unpublished. 

In-ef  fa-ble,  a.  Not  to  be  ex- 
pressed :  unspeakable,  [ibly. 

In-6f'fa-bly,  adv.  Inexpress- 


inexpedient 

In/ef-face'a-ble  (ll),a.  Not 
to  be  elfaced. 

In'ef-feet'ive,  a.  Producing 
no  etfect ;  useless. 

In'ef-feet'u-al,  a.  Not  pro- 
ducing the  proper  effect. 

In-ef/fi-ea/cious,  a.  Not  pro- 
ducing effect. 

In-6f'fi--ea-Qy,  v.  Want  of 
power  to  produce  the  desired 
or  proper  effect. 

In/ef-fi'cien-gy  (-fish'en-), 
n.  Want  of  power  to  pro- 
duce the  effect. 

In'ef-fi'cient  (-fTsh'ent),  a. 
I      Effecting  nothing. 

In-ei'e-gange,  n.  Want  of 
elegance.  [gance. 

In-61'e-gant,  a.  Wanting  ele- 

In-el'i-gi-bll'i-ty,  «■  Inca- 
pacity of  being  elected  to 
office. 

In-61'i-gi-ble,  a.  Not  capable 
of  being  elected  to  office ; 
not  worthy  to  be  chosen. 

In'e-qual'i-ty  (-kw6i'-),  n. 
Want  of  equality. 

In-6q'ui-ta-ble  (-ek'wY-),  a. 
Not  equitable ;  not  just. 

In-ert',  a.  Sluggish  ;  inact- 
ive; slothful;  dull. 

In-Sr'ti-af-eVshT-fO.n.  That 
property  of  matter  by  which 
it  tends  when  at  rest  to  re- 
main so,  and  when  in  motion 
to  continue  in  motion. 

In-ert'ness,  n.  Quality  of 
being  inert. 

In-eVti-ma-ble,  a.  Above 
price ;  invaluable. 

In-ev'i-ta-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
avoided ;  unavoidable. 

In-ev'i-ta-bly,  adv.  Un- 
avoidably. 

In'ex-act',  o.  Not  exact  j  in- 
correct, [excused. 

In'ex-cus'a-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 

In/ex-cu§'a-bly,  adv.  So  as 
not  to  be  excusable. 

In'ex-haust'i-ble ,  a.  Not  to 
be  exhausted. 

In-ex'o-ra-ble,  «.  Not  to  be 
moved  by  entreaty.  —  Syn. 
Inflexible;  unyielding;  re- 
lentless, [of  fitness. 

In'ex-pe'di-enge,  n.     Want 

In'ex-pe'di-entja.  Not  fit  or 
suitable. 


u,  y,  long ;  5,  c,  T,  o,  0, y ,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  ad,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  p'.'que,  firm 


INEXPERIENCE 

In'ex-pe'ri-enQe,  n.  Want  of 
experience. 

In'ex-pert'    a.     Unskillful. 

In-6x'pi-a-b,e,  a.  Admitting 
no  atonement. 

In-ex'pli~ea-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  explained. 

In-ex'pli-ca-bly,  adv.  So  as 
not  to  be  explained. 

In/ex-press'i-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  expressed ;  unutterable. 

In'ex-tin'guish-a-blejrt.  In- 
capable of  being  extin- 
guished ;  unquenchable. 

In-ex'tri-ea-ble,a.  Not  to  be 
extricated  or  disentangled. 

In-fal'li-bfl'i-ty,  n.  The 
quality  of  being  incapable 
of  error. 

In-fal'li-ble,  a  Incapable  of 
ercor  or  mistake. 

In-fal'li-bly,  adv.   Certainly. 

In'fa-mous,  a.  Notoriously 
bad ;  detestable.  [vilely. 

In'fa-mous-ly,    adv.      Most 

Jn'fa-my,  n.  Public  disgrace. 

In'fan-gy,  n.  The  first  part 
of  life;  the  beginning. 

In'fant,  n.  A  young  child 
—  a.    Pertaining  to  infants. 

In-fant'i-Qide,  n.  Murder 
or  murderer  of  an  infant. 

Tn'fant-Ile,  orjfn'fant-Ile,  ) 

In'fant-Ine,orIn'fant-ine, J 
a.    Pertaining  to  infants. 

In'fant-ry,  n.    Foot  soldiers. 

In-fat'u-ate,  v.  t.  To  make 
foolish ;  to  besot. 

In-fJM/u-a/tion, ft.  Depriva- 
tion of  reason. 

In-fea'si-ble,  a.  Impossible 
to  be  done. 

In-feet',  v.  t.  To  taint  with 
disease. 

In-fe€'tion,n.  Morbid  matter 
that  communicates  disease. 

In-fe-e'tious,a.  Having  qual- 
ities that  may  communicate 
disease. 

In-fe€t'ive,  a.    Infectious. 

In'fe-eund'i-ty,  n.    Barren- 

„  iiess:  unfruitfulnes". 

In'fe-lic/i-tous,^.  Not  felici- 
tous;  unhappy. 

In/fe-lic/i-ty,  n.  Unhappi- ; 
ness ;  unfortunate  state. 

In-fer'(7),  v.  t.  To  deduce 
as  a  fact  or  consequence. 


143 

In-fgr'a-ble,  )  a.  Capable  of 

In-fer'ri-ble,  J  being  inferred. 

In'fer-enge,  n.  Deduction 
from  premises. 

In'fer-en'tial,  n.  Deducible 
by  inferences. 

In-fe'ri-or,  a.  Lower  in  age  or 
place  or  value.  —  n.  One 
who  is  lower  in  age  or  place. 

In-fe'ri-or'i-ty,  n.  A  lower 
state  or  condition. 

In-fer'nal,  a.  Pertaining  to 
hell;  hellish. 

In-fer'tile,  a.    Unfruitful. 

In/fer-til'i-ty,  n.  Unfruitful- 
ness ;  barrenness,      [annoy. 

In-fest',  v.  t.    To  disturb ;  to 

In'fi-del,«.  Not  believing  the 
Scriptures ;  unbelieving.  — 
n.  One  who  rejects  the 
Scriptures  and  Christianity. 

In'fi-dSl'i-ty.  n.  Disbelief  of 
the  inspiration  of  the  Script- 
ures ;  unfaithfulness. 

In-fil'trate,  v.  t.  To  enter  by 
the  pores,  [tering  the  pores. 

Jn/fil-tra/tion,  n.    Act  of  en- 

In'fi-nite,  a.  Boundless ;  Lm- 
mense.  [limit  or  end. 

In'fi-nlte-ly,  adv     Without 

In-fln'i-tes'i-mal,  a.  In- 
finitely divided. 

In-fm'i-tive,  a.  Expressing 
action  without  limitation  of 
person  or  number. 

In-fm'i-tude,  n.     Infinity. 

In-fm'i-ty,  n.  Unlimited  ex- 
tent or  number. 

In-firm',  a.     Weak;  sickly. 

In-firm'a-ry,  n.  A  place  to 
lodge  and  nurse  the  sick. 

In-firm'i-ty,  n.  Weakness; 
feebleness;  failing. 

In-flx',  v.  t.    To  fix  deep. 

In-  flame',  v.  t.  To  set  on  fire; 
to  provoke;  to  excite. 

In-flam'ma-bil'i-ty,  n-  Sus- 
ceptibility of  taking  fire. 

In-flam'ma-ble,  a.  Easily 
set  on  fire. 

In/flam-ma/tion,  n.  A  set- 
ting on  fire ;  a  redness  and 
swelling,  [ing inflammation. 

In-f!am'ma-to-rv,  a.    Show- 

In-flate',  v.  t.  'to  swell;  to 
blow  or  puff  up. 

In-fla'tion,  n.  A  swelling 
with  wind  or  vanity. 


INFUSE 

In-flg€t',  v.  t.  To  bend ;  to 
vary ;  to  modulate. 

In-flec'tion  (27),  n.  A  bend- 
ing ;  variation  of  ending  in 
words ;  modulation  of  voice. 

In-flex'i-bil'i-ty,  n.  Un- 
yielding stiffness ;  obstinacy. 

In-flex'i-ble,  a.  Immovably 
stiff.  [ness. 

In-fle.x'i-bly.arfu.  Withfirrn- 

In-flict',  r.  t.  To  lay  or  bring 
on ;  to  impose. 

In-fll-e'tion ,  n.  Act  of  inflict- 
ing ;  punishment. 

In'flo-res'cenQe,  n.  Mode  of 
flowering. 

In'flu-enQe,  n.  Moving  or 
directing  power  — v.t.  To 
move  by  moral  power;  to 
persuade ;  to  act  upon. 

In'fltHm'tial,  a.  Exerting 
influence  or  power. 

In'flu-€n'za,  n.  A  violent 
catarrh, often  epidemic. 

In'flux,  n    Act  of  flowing  in. 

In-fold',  v.  t.  To  involve ;  to 
inwrap. 

In-form',  v.  t.  To  tell;  to 
acquaint  with  ;  to  animate. 
—  Syn.  To  apprise ;  teach ; 
instruct.  —  v.  i.  To  give 
intelligence. 

In-form'al,  a.  Wanting  form ; 
without  ceremony;  irregu- 
lar, [usual  forms. 

In'for-mal'i-ty,  n.    Want  of 

In-form'al-ly,  adv.  With- 
out the  usual  forms. 

In-form'ant,  n.  One  who 
tells ;  an  informer. 

In'for-ma'tion,  ri.  Notice 
given ;  intelligence. 

In-form'er,  n.  One  who  tells. 

In-fra€'tion,M.  Breach ;  vio- 
lation,        [of  being  broken. 

In-fran'gi-ble,  a.    Incapable 

In-fre'quen-gy,  n.  Uncom- 
mouness ;  rarity. 

In-fre'quent,  a.  Not  usual; 
uncommon ;  rare. 

In-fringe',  v.  t.  To  break, 
as  contracts  ;  to  violate. 

In-fringe'ment,  n.  Violation. 

In-fu'ri-ate,  v.  t.    To  enrage. 

In-fu'ri-ate,  a.  Like  a  fury; 
violently  enraged. 

In-fuse',  v.  t.  To  pour  in  ;  to 
steep  in  liquor ;  to  inspire. 


s6n,  or,  dp,,  wolf,  to"o,  took  ;   urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  e,  g,  hard ;  as  ;  exist ;  n.  as  ng ;  this 


INFUSIBILITY 

In-fu'gi-bil'i-ty ,  n.  Capacity 
of  being  poured  in ;  incapa- 
bility of  fusion. 

In-fu'si-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  infused ;  incapable  of 
being  made  liquid. 

In-fu'sion,  n.  Act  of  pour- 
ing in  ;  liquor  made  by  in- 
fusion . 

In-gen'ious  (-j^n'yua),  a. 
Possessed  of  genius;  skill- 
ful, [ingenuity. 

Tn-gen'ious-ly,  adv.      With 

In'ge-nu'i-ty,  n.  Ready  in- 
vention ;  skill. 

In-gen'u-ous,  a.  Free  from 
reserve  or  dissimulation. — 
SYN.  Open;  frank  ;  candid. 

In-gSn'u-ous-ly,  adv.  Can- 
didly, [dor. 

In-gen'u-ous-ness,  n.    Can- 

In-gl6'ri-ous,«.  Bringing  no 
glory  ;  disgraceful. 

In'got  (\?>),  n.  A  bar  or 
■wedge  of  metal. 

Ill-graft',  v.  t.  To  insert,  as  a 
scion,  in  a  stock,    [grafting. 

Jn-graft'ment,  n.  Act  of  iu- 

ln'grain,  or  In-grain',  v.  t. 
To  d;,e  before  manufacture. 

In'grate,  n.  Au  ungrateful 
person. 

In-gra'ti-ate  (-gra'shT-),  v.  t. 
To  get  into  favor. 

In-grat'i-tude,  n.  Want  of  a 
sense  of  favors,     [nent  part. 

In-gre'di-ent,  n.    A  eompo- 

In'gress,  n.    Entrance. 

In-gulf,  v.  t.  To  swallow  up 
in  a  gulf. 

In-hab'it,  v.  To  dwell;  to 
live  in ;  to  abide. 

In-liab'it-a-ble,  a.  Possible 
to  be  inhabited. 

In-hab'it-ant,  n.     A  dweller. 

In-hab'it-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
residence.  [haling. 

In'ha-la'tion,  n.    Ant  of  iu- 

In-liale',  v.  i.  To  draw  into 
the  lungs;  [sieal. 

In'Mr-mo'ni-ous,  a.  Unmu- 

In-here',  v.  i.  To  be  fixed  in. 

In-her'ence,  n.  Existence  in 
something  else. 

In-her'ent,  a.  Existing  in 
something ;  innate. 

In-hSr'it,  v.  t.  To  take  by 
inheritance 


144 

In-her'it-a-ble,  a.  Incapable 
of  being  inherited. 

In-her'it-an<je,  n.  An  heredi- 
tary estate.  [inherits. 

In-h6r'it-cr,  n.     A  man  who 

In-hib'it,  v.  t.  To  restrain  ; 
to  forbid. 

In/hi-bi'tion  (-blsh'un),  n. 
Restraint ;  prohibition. 

In-hds'pi-ta-ble,  a.  Not  dis- 
posed to  entertain  strangers. 

In-hds'pi-tall-ty,  n.  Want 
of  hospitality.  [cruel. 

In-hu'man,  a.      Barbarous ; 

Iiyhu-man'i-ty,  n.  Eaiba- 
ity  ;  cruelty.  [rously. 

In-hu'man-ly ,  adv.     Barba- 

In'hu-ma'tion,  n.  Act  of 
burying. 

In-hume',  v.  t.    To  bury. 

In-im'i-eal,rr.     Unfriendly. 

In-im'i-ta-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
imitated.  [imitation. 

In-im'i-ta-bly,  adv.    Eeyond 

In-iq-\u-tous  (-'ik'wl-),  a. 
Characterized  by  great  in- 
justice. —  Syn.  Wicked  ; 
nefarious ;  criminal,  [crime. 

In-iq'ui-ty,    n.      Injustice  ; 

In-i'tial  (-ish'al),  a.  first.  — 
n.  First  letter  of  a  came. 

In-i'ti-ate  (-Ish'l-at),  v.  t.  To 
instruct  in  rudiments  ;  to 
introduce. 

In-i'ti-a'tion  (-ish'T-),  n.  In- 
struction in  first  principles. 

In-i'ti-a-tlve    )  (-Ysb/T-),    a. 

In-i'ti-a-to-ry J  Serving  to 
initiate. 

In-je€t',  v.  t.     To  throw  in. 

In-j&c'tion,  n.  Act  of  throw- 
ing in  ;  any  thiug  injected. 

In'ju-di'cious  (-dtsh'us),  a. 
Not  judicious  ;  unwise. 

In-jun-etion,  n.  Command ; 
order. 

Injure,  V.  t.  To  hurt  ;  to 
damage :  to  harm. 

In-iu'ri-ous,  a.    Hurtful. 

|  In-ju'ri-ous-ly,  adv.      Hurt- 

|  „  fully. 

!  In^u-ry,  n.  Hurt ;  detriment. 

In-iiis'tige,  n.     Want  of  jus- 

I  w  tice  ;  wrong. 

",  Ink,  n.      A  liquor    used   in 

I      writing  and  printing.  — v.  t. 

I  _  To  mark  with  ink. 

Ink/ling,  n.     A  hint;  desire. 


INOPERATIVE 

Ink'stand,  n.  A  vessel  to 
hold  ink. 

Ink'y,  n.  Consisting  of,  or 
like,  ink. 

In/land,  a.  Far  from  the  sea. 

In-lay',  v.  t.  To  diversify  with 
other  substances.  [bay. 

In'let,    n.      Passage    into  a 

In'ly,  adv.  Internally  ;  secret- 
ly.  [the  same  house. 

In'mate,n.  One  who  lives  in 

In'mcst,  a.  Deepest  within. 

Inn  (3),  n.  A  house  of  enter- 
taimnent  fcr  travelers. 

In'natc,  or  In-nate',  a.  In- 
born ;  natural. 

In-nav'i-ga-ble,  a.  Impass- 
able by  ships.  [inward. 

Tn'r.er,  a.    Interior  ;  further 

In'ner-mcst,  a.  Deepest  or 
furthest  within. 

In'ning,  n .  The  turn  fcr  using 
the  bat  in  cricket. 

Inn'kcep-er,  n.  A  person 
who  keeps  an  inn  or  tavern. 

In'nc-gence,  n.  Freedom 
frcm  guilt;  harmlessness. 

In'nc-^ent,  a.  Free  froni 
guilt ;  pure  ;  harmless. 

In'nc-Qent-ly,    adv.    Harm- 

_  lessly. 

In-noi'u-ous,  a.  Harmless. 

In'no-vate,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  in- 
troduce as  a  novelty. 

In'no-va'ticn,  n.  Introduc- 
tion of  novelties. 

In'no-va'tor,  n.  One  who 
innovates.  [nocent. 

In-n6x'ious,  a.  Harmless ;  in- 

In'nu-en'do,  n.  (pi.  In'nu- 
en'dceg,  18.)  A  distant 
hint. 

In-nu'mer-a-ble,  a.  Impos- 
sible to  be  numbered. 

In-nu'mer-a-bly,  adv.  Pe- 
j  oiid  number. 

In-6€'u-late,f.  t.  To  insert, 
as  a  scion,  in  a  stock;  to 
communicate,  as  disease,  by 
inserting  infectious  matter., 

In-S-e'u-la/tion,  n.  Act  of  in- 
oculating, [smell. 

Jn-6'dor-ous,  a.  Destitute  of 

In'of-fgn'sive,  a.  Giving  no 
offense. 

In'of-fgn'sive-ly,  adv.  With- 
out offense;  harmlessly. 

In-5p'er-a-tlve,'a.    Inactive. 


a, e,  1, 5,  u,  y,  long;  a,  e,  T,  5, 0, 5', short ;  care,  cai',  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  ve.il,  term  ;  p'i'que,  firm  ; 


INOPPORTUNE 

In-Sp'por-tune',  a.  Not  op- 
portune ;  unseasonable. 

In-dp'por-tune'ly,  adv.  Un- 
seasonably, [ate. 

In-6r'di-nate,  a.    Immoder- 

In-6r'di-nate-ly,  adv.  Im- 
moderately ;  excessively. 

In'or-gan'ic,  a.  Void  of  or- 
gans ;  unorganized. 

In-5s'-eu-late,  v.  t.  To  unite, 
as  a  vein  and  an  artery,  at 
their  extremities. 

In-ds'-eu-la'tion,  n.  Union  by 
contact  of  the  two  extremi- 
ties. 

In'quest,  n.  Judicial  inquiry. 

In-qul'e-tude,  n.  A  i-estless 
state  of  mind ;  uneasiness. 

In-quire',  v.  t.  To  ask  about ; 
to  seek  by  asking. 

In-qulr'er,  n.  One  who  in- 
quires, [quiring. 

In-qulr'y  (19),  it.    Act  of  iu- 

In'qui-sMion  .(-zish'un),  s. 
Judicial  inquiry  ;  a  court 
for  the  punishment  of  her- 
esy. 

In-quls'i-tive,  a.  Given  to  in- 
quiry ;  curious,     [curiosity. 

In-quis'i-tive-ness,  n.  Busy 

In-quis'i-tor,  n.  A  member 
of  the  inquisition. 

In-quis/i-to'ri-al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  inquisition. 

In'road,  n.  Sudden  inva- 
sion ;  incursion. 

In'sa-lu'bri-ous,  a.  Not  salu- 
brious :•  unhealthy. 

In'sa-lu'bri-ty,  n.  Want  of 
salubrity  ;  unwholesonie- 
ness. 

In-sane',  a.  Unsound  in 
mind  ;  crazy  ;  deranged. 

In-san'i-t/,  n.  Derangement 
of  intellect. 

In-sa'ti-a-ble  (-sa'shi-),  a. 
Not  to  be  satisfied. 

In-sa/ti-a-bly  (-sa'shi-),  adv. 
With  greediness  not  to  be 
satisfied.  [satisfied. 

In-sa'ti-ate  (-sa'shi-),  a.  Not 

In-seribe',  ©.  /.   To  write  on. 

In-S€rip'tion,  n.  That  which 
is  written  on  something ; 
title ;  address. 

In-scru'ta-bil'i-ty,      )    n. 

In-serii'ta-ble-ness,  J  The 
quality  of  being  inscrutable. 


145 

In-seru'ta-ble,  a.  Unsearch- 
able ;  undiscoverable. 

In'se-et,  n.  A  small  animal 
with  six  legs,  and  breathing 
through  tubes  running 
through  the  body. 

In'see-tiv'o-rous,  a.  Feeding 
on  insects. 

In'se-eure',  a.  Unsafe  ;  not 
confident  of  safety. 

In'se-eii'ri-ty,  n.  Want  of 
safety  ;  danger  ;  hazard. 

In-sen'sate,  a.  Senseless ; 
stupid ;  foolish. 

In-sen'si-bil'i-ty,  n.  Want 
of  emotion  or  affection. 

In-son'si-ble,  a.  Destitute  of 
feeling;  imperceptible. 

In-s5n'si-bly,  adv.  Imper- 
ceptibly ;  gradually. 

In-sen'tient,  a.  Not  having 
perception. 

In-s$p'a-ra-ble,  a.  Impos- 
sible to  be  separated. 

In-s5rt',  v.  t.  To  bring  into ; 
to  introduce. 

In-sGr'tion,  n.  Act  of  insert- 
ing ;  thing  inserted. 

In 'side,  n.  The  inner  part  or 
place.  [sly. 

In-sid'i-ous,    a.     Deceitful  ; 

In'slght  (-sit),  n.  Sight  of 
the  interior  ;  full  knowl- 
edge, [distinction. 

Tn-sig'ni-a,  n.  pi.    Badges  of 

In'sig-nif'i-eange.n.  Want 
of  meaning ;  unimportance. 

In'sig-nif  i-eant,  a.  Void  of 
meaning  ;  without  weight 
of  character.  —  Syn.  Un- 
important ;  trivial ;  imma- 
terial. 

In'sin-cere',  a.  Hypocritical ; 
f.ilse.  [critically. 

tn'sin-cjire'ly,  adv.     Hypo- 

In'sin-ger'i-ty,  n.  Deceitful- 
ness  ;  hypocrisy. 

In-sin'u-ate,  v.  t.  To  creep 
in  ;  to  hint. 

In-sm'u-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
insinuating  ;  hint. 

In-sip'id,  a.  Void  of  taste ; 
vapid 

In'si-pid'i-ty,  n.  Want  of 
taste ;  want  of  life  and 
spirit.  [or  urgent. 

In-sist',  v.  t.  To  be  persistent 

In-snare',  V.  t.    To  entrap. 


INSTANTLY 

In'so-brl'e-ty,  n.  Intemper- 
ance. 

In'so-lence,  n.  Haughtiness 
or  pride  joined  with  con- 
tempt ;  audacity. 

In'so-lent,  a.  Haughty  ;  in- 
sulting, [ily. 

In'so-lent-ly,  adv.    Ilaught- 

In-sdPu-bii'i-ty,  n.  The 
quality  of  being  insoluble. 

In-s61'u-ble,  a.  Incapable  of 
being  dissolved  in  a  fluid. 

In-s61v'a-ble,n.  Incapable  of 
being  solved  or  explained. 

In-soIv'en-Qy,  n.  Inability  to 
pay  debts.  [debts. 

In-solv'ent,  a.  Unable  to  pay 

In'so-much',  adv.  So  that. 

In-spe€t',  ••  t.  To  examino  ; 
to  superintend ;  to  view. 

In-spee'tion,  n.  Examina- 
tion ;  view. 

In-spSet'or,  n.  An  examiner; 
a  superintendent,     [sphere. 

Jn-spliere',  v.  t.  To  place  in  a 

In'spi-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
drawing  in  the  breath  ;  di- 
vine influence  upon  the 
mind. 

In-spire',  v.  i.  To  draw  in 
breath. — v.  t.  To  breathe 
into  ;  to  infuse  ;  to  animato 
supernaturally. 

In-spir'it,  v.  t.      To  animate. 

In-spis'sate,  v.  t.  To  thicken, 
as  liquids. 

In'spis-sa'tion,  n.  Act  cf 
thickening.  [stancy. 

In'sta-bil'i-ty,  n.        Incon- 

In-sta'ble,  a.  Inconstant; 
unsteady.  [office. 

In-stall',  v.  t.  To  invest  with 

In'stal-la'tion,  n.  The  giving 
possession  of  an  office. 

In-stall'ment  I  (9),   n.      Act 

In-stal'ment  f  of  install- 
ing  ;  payment  of  part. 

In'stange,  n.  Solicitation  ; 
example  ;  a  case  occurring. 
—  v.    To  produce  an  exam- 

-  Pie 

In'stant,  n.  A  moment. — 
a.     Present ;  urgent. 

In'stan-ta'ne-ous,  a.  Done 
in  an  instant. 

In-stan'ter,  adv.    Instantly. 

In'stant-ly,  adv.  Immediate- 
ly- 


eon,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk  ;  flrn,  rije,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  <;, 
10 


g,  hard ;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  thi3. 


N> 


INSTATE 

In-state',  •.  t.  To  place  in  a 
condition. 

In-stead',  adv.  In  place  of. 

In'step.w.  The  upper  part  of 
the  foot,     [ward  ;  to  set  on. 

Jn'sti-gate,  v.  I.  To  urge  for- 

In'sti-ga'tion,  n.  Incitement, 
as  to  evil  or  wickedness. 

In'sti-ga/tor,  n.  One  who  in- 
cites to  evil. 

In-stiil'  I  (lb),  v.  t.     To  infuse 

In-stil'  J     by  or  as  by  drops. 

In'stinet,  w.  Unconscious, 
involuntary,  or  unreasoning 
prompting  to  action. 

In-stinet'ive,  a.  Prompted 
by  instinct.  [instinct. 

Tn-stinet'Ive-ly,    adv.      By 

In'sti-tute,  v.  t,  To  establish. 
—  n.    Established  law. 

In/sti-tu'tion,  n.  Act  of  es- 
tablishing ;  system  estab- 
lished, [direct. 

In-struet',  v.  t.  To  teach  ;  to 

In-stru-e'tion,  n.  Act  of 
teaching;  direction;  com- 
mand. 

n-struet'Ive,  a.  Conveying 
knowledge ;  serving  to  in- 
struct, [teaches 

In-struet'or,    n.      One   who 

In-struet'ress,  n.  A  female 
teacher. 

In'stru-ment,  n.  A  tool ;  ma- 
chine ;  a  writing  ;  an  agent. 

In'stru-ment'al,  a.  Condu- 
cive to  some  end. 

In'stru-ment-al'i-ty,  n. 
Agency  ;  means. 

In'sub-or'di-na'tion,  n.  Dis- 
obedience to  lawful  author- 
ity. 

In-suf'fer-a-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
borne  ;  unendurable. 

In-suf'fer-a-bly,  adv.  Te  a 
degree  beyond  endurance. 

In'suf-fi'cien-Qy,  (-ftsh'en-), 
n.    Want  of  sufficiency. 

In'suf-fi'cient  (-fish'ent),  a. 
Inadequate.  [water. 

Tn'su-lar,  a.     Surrounded  by 

IiVsu-lar'i-ty,  n.-  State  of 
being  insular. 

In'su-late.  v.  t:  To  place  in  ; 
a  detached  position  ;  to  make 
an  isle.  [sulating. 

tn'su-la'tion,  n.    Act  of  in- 

In'sult,    n.      Intended   con- 


146 


INTERCHANGEABLE 


tempt.  —  Syn.  Outrage  ; 
insolence  ;  affront ;  indigni- 
ty- 

In-sult',  v.  t.  To  treat  with 
abuse,  insolence,  or  con- 
tempt. 

In-sult'ing,  a.  Containing 
gross  abuse. 

In-su'per-a-ble,  a.  Impossi- 
ble to  be  overcome. 

In'sup-port'a-ble,  a.  Impos- 
sible to  be  endured. 

In-sur'ange  (-shur'-),  n.  Se- 
curity against  loss  by  pay- 
ing a  certain  sum. 

In-sure'  ( -shipr,  28),  v.  t.  To 
make  sure  against  loss. 

In-sur'gent,  a.  Exciting  sedi- 
tion ;  rebellious.  —  n.  One 
who  rises  against  lawful  au- 
thority. 

In'sur-mount'a-ble,  o.  Not 
to  be  surmounted  or  over- 
come; insuperable. 

In'sur-re-c'tion,  n.  Open  op- 
position to  lawful  authority. 
—  Syn.  Sedition;  revolt; 
rebellion. 

In'sur-ree'tion-a-ry,  a.  Re- 
lating to  insurrection. 

In'sus-gep'ti-ble,  a.  Not  ca- 
pable of  feeling. 

In-tagl'io  (-tal'yo),  n.  A 
precious  stone  with  a  figure 
engraved  on  it. 

In-tan'gi-ble,  a.  Not  per- 
ceptible by  touch.  [ber. 

In'te-ger,  n.    A  whole  num- 

In'te-gral,  n.  An  entire 
thing.  —  a.    Whole  ;  entire. 

In'te-grant,  a.  Necessary  to 
constitute  an  entire  thing. 

tn'te-grate,  v.  t.  To  form 
one  whole  ;  to  make  up. 

In-teg'ri-ty,  n.  Wholeness  ; 
uprightness ;  purity,      [ing. 

In-teg'u-ment,  n.    A  cover- 

In'tel-leet,  n.  Power  to 
judge  and  comprehend  ;  the 
understanding. 

In'tel-lee'tion,  n.  Simple  ap- 
prehension of  ideas. 

In'tel-leet'ive.  «.  Pertaining 
to  the  intellect. 

In'tel-leet'u-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  understanding. 

In'tel-lfiet'u-al-ly,  adv.  By 
means  of  the  understanding. 


In-tei'li-gen<je,  n.  Under- 
standing. 

In-tel'li-gent,  a.  Knowing ; 
instructed  ;  skillful. 

In-tel'li-gent-ly,  adv.  In  an 
intelligent  manner. 

In-tel'li-gi-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  comprehended. 

In-tel'li-gi-bly,  adv.  So  as  to 
be  understood. 

In-tem'per-an<je,  n.  Excess  ; 
drunkenness  ;  inebriation. 

In-tem'per-ate,  a.  Exces- 
sive ;  ungovernable ;  inordi- 
nate ;  addicted  to  the  exces- 
sive use  of  spirituous  liquors. 

In-tend',  v.  To  purpose. 

In-tend'ant,  n.  An  overseer. 

In-t6nse',  a.  Strained  ;  close ; 
vehement ;  extreme. 

In-tense'ly,  adv.  To  a  high 
degree.  [ing. 

In-t6n'sion,  n.  Act  of  strain- 

In-ten'si-ty,  n.  Extreme  de- 
gree. 

In-tfin'sive,  a.    Giving  force. 

In -tent',  a  Fixed  closely. 
—  n.    Purpose;  aim. 

In-ten'tion,  n.  Design  ;  pur- 
pose :  aim. 

In-ten'tion-al,  a.  Designed. 

In-ten'tion-al-ly,  adv.  Pur- 
posely, [attention. 

In-tent'Iy,  adv.    With  close 

In-ter'(T),  *.  /.    To  bury. 

In-ter'ea-la-ry,  a.  Inserted ; 
added. 

In-ter'€a-late,  v.  t.  To  in- 
sert between  others. 

In-ter'ea-la'tion,  n.  Inser- 
tion of  a  day  in  a  calendar. 

In'ter-gede',  v.  i.  To  inter- 
pose ;  to  mediate. 

In'ter-gept',  v.  t.  To  seize  on 
its  passage. 

fn'ter-ggp'tion,  n.  Act  of 
intercepting. 

In'ter-geVsion  (-sesh'un),  n. 
Mediation  ;  interposition. 

In'ter-gSs'sor,  n.  A  media- 
tor.  [ing  intercession. 

In'ter-Qgs'so-ry,  a.  Contaiu- 

In'ter-change',  v.  t.  To 
change  by  giving  and  re- 
ceiving ;  to  reciprocate. 

In'ter-change,  n  Mutual 
exchange  ;  barter. 

In'ter-change'a-ble,  a.    Ca- 


a,  e,  I,  6,  u ,  y,  long ;  a,  e,  I,  6,  8,  y,  short ;  care,  ciir,  ask,  all,  wh^vt ;  ere, vgil,  term  ;  pique,  firm ; 


INTERCOURSE 

pable  of  being  given  and 
•taken  mutually. 

In'ter-eourse ,  n.  Mutual 
dealings ;  fellowship. 

In'ter-di€t',  v.  t.    To  forbid. 

|n'ter-diet,  n.  A  prohibition. 

In'ter-di-e'tion,  n.  Act  of 
prohibiting. 

In'ter-est,  v.  t.  To  concern 
or  relate  to  ;  to  affect  —  n. 
Concern  ;  share  ;  premium 
for  the  use  of  money 

In'ter-est-ed,  a  Having  an 
interest. 

In'ter-est-ing,  n.  Exciting 
interest ,  pleasing. 

In'ter-fere',  v.  i.  To  inter- 
pose ;  to  clash  ,  to  meddle. 

In'ter-fer'enge,  n.  Interpo- 
sition ;  a  meddling. 

In'ter-im,  n.  The  mean  time. 

In-te'ri-or,  a.  Internal ;  be- 
ing within.  —  n.  The  in- 
ward part.  [ly. 

In-te'ri-or-ly,  adv      Inward- 

In'ter-ja'gent,  a  Lying  be- 
tween ;  intervening. 

inter-jee'tion,  n.  A  word 
of  exclamation. 

In'ter-la^e',  v.  I.  To  inter- 
mix ;  to  insert. 

In'ter-lard',  v.  t.  To  insert 
between  ;  to  interpose. 

In'ter-leave',  v.  t.  To  insert 
blank  leaves  in. 

In'ter-line',  v.  t  To  write  or 
print  between  the  lines  of. 

In'ter-Kn'e-ar,  !  a.     Written 

In'ter-lln'e-al,  )  or  printed 
between  the  lines. 

In'ter-Hn'e-a'tion,  n.  A 
writing  or  printing  between 
lines. 

In'ter-link',  t .  t.  To  connect 
by  uniting  links. 

In'ter-lde'u-tor.  «.  One  who 
speaks  in  dialogue. 

In'ter-lde'u-to-ry,  a.  Con- 
sisting  of  dialogue 

Jn'ter-lop'er,  n.  An  intruder. 

In'ter-lude.  n.  An  entertain- 
ment between  the  acts  of  a 
play  ;  a  piece  of  instrumental 
music  between  the  parts  of  a 

_  song  or  hymn. 

In'ter-mar'nage,  n.  Recip- 
rocal marriage  between  two 
families,  tribes,  &c 


147 

In/ter-mar'ry,  v.  i.  To  be- 
come connected,  as  families, 
by  marriage. 

In'ter-mSd'dle,  v.  i.  To  med- 
dle in  the  affairs  of  others. 

Jn'ter-me'di-al,     )  a.  Lying 

In/ter-me'di-ate,  j  between. 

In-ter'ment,  n.   A  burying. 

In-ter'mi-na-ble,n.  Admit- 
ting of  no  end  ;  endless. 

In'ter-min'gle,  v.  t.  To  min- 
gle together. 

In'ter-mis'sion  (-mlsh'un), 
it.    Cessation  for  a  time. 

In'ter-mit',  r.  t.  or  t.  To 
cease  or  cause  to  cease  for  a 
time. 

In'ter-mit'tent,  a.  Ceasing 
at  intervals. 

In'ter-mix'.  v.  t.  or  ?.  To  mix. 

In'ter-mixt'ure,  ».  A  mass 
formed  by  mixture. 

In-ter'nal,  a  Inward  ;  inte- 
rior ;  domestic.  [ly. 

In-tgr'nal-ly.  adv.    Inward- 

In'ter-na'tion-al  (-nash'- 
un-),  a.  Existing  between 
nations. 

In'ter-nun'ci-o  (-nun'shi-o), 
n.  A  pope's  representative. 

In-ter'po-late,  v.  t.  To  in- 
sert, as  spurious  matter,  in 
a  writing. 

In-tgr'po-la'tion,  n.  The 
act  of  inserting  spurious 
words  in  a  writing. 

In-ter'po-lat/or,  n.  One  who 
interpolates. 

In'ter-pose',  *.  i  To  step  in 
between.  —  v.  t.  To  place 
between  ;  to  interfere  ;  to 
mediate. 

In'ter-po-si'tion  (-zish'un), 
n.  Act  of  mediating. 

In-ter'pret,_r.  t.    To  explain. 

In-ter'pret-a'tion,  n.  Expla- 
nation ;  version. 

In-ter'pret-er,  n.  One  who 
expounds. 

In'ter-reg'num,  n.  The  time 
a  throne  is  vacant  between 
the  death  of  a  king  and  the 
accession  of  his  successor. 

In-ter'ro-gate,  v  t.  To  ex- 
amine by  question. 

In-ter'ro-ga/tion,  n.  A  ques- 
tion ;  an  inquiry ;  a  point 
[?]  denoting  a  question 


INTIMATE 

In'ter-r6g'a-tive,  a.    Denot- 
ing a  question. 
In-ter'ro-ga'tor,  n.  One  who 

asks  questions. 
In'ter-rog'a-to-ry,    n.        A 
question. — a.     Containing 
a  question. 
In'ter-rupt',  v.  t.  To  stop  by 

interfering ;  to  divide. 
In'ter-rup'tion,?*  Interposi- 
tion ;  stop ;  hindrance 
In'ter-se-et',  v.  t.  To  divide; 
to   cross. — v.   i.     To  meet 
and  cross  each  other. 
In'ter-s&c'tion,  n.    Act   of 
crossing  ;   point  where  two 
lines  cut  each  other. 
In'ter-sperse',  v.  t.    To  scat- 
j      ter  among.  [scattering. 

|  In'ter-sper'sion,  »t.  Act  of 
j  In'ter-sti^e.  or  In-ter'stige, 
I  n.  An  empty  space  between 
things  closely  set. 
In/ter-sti'tial  (-stish'al),  a. 
I  Containing  interstices. 
j  tn'ter-tgxt'ure,  n.    State  of 

being  interwoven. 
!  Jn'ter-twine',  \v.t.  To  unite 
i  Jn'ter-twist',  J  by  twining. 
j  In'ter-val  (18),  n.  A  space 
J  between  things ;  time  be- 
|  _  tween  events.  [between. 

;  Jn'ter-vene',  v.  i.    To  come 
!  In'ter-ven'tion,  n.    Act  of 
|  _  intervening  ;  interposition. 
i  In'ter-view,    v       A    formal 
j      meeting ;  conference. 
',  In'ter-weave',  v.  t.  To  weave 
I      one  into  another  of. 
In-tes'tate,  a.  D.ung  without 
a  will  —  ii.     One  who  dies 
without  leaving  a  will. 
In-tgs'ti-nal,  a.    Pertaining 
to  the  bowels.  [mestic. 

In-tes'tine,  a.    Internal ;  do- 
In-tes'tine§,    n.    pi.        The 

bowels. 
In-thrall'  (16),  v.  t.    To  re- 
duce to  bondage ;  to  enslave. 
In-thrall'ment  \  (9),  n .    Sla- 
In-thral'ment   )  very. 

In'ti-ma-('-y,  n.     Close  famil- 
iarity ;  friendship. 
In'ti-mate,  v.  t.  To  hint ;  to 

suggest  ;  to  point  out. 
In'ti-mate,  «•  Iumost;  near. 
—  n.     A   familiar  associate 
or  friend. 


b6b,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk ;  Qrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  «,  g,  hard;  ag  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  tiiis. 


INTIMATELY 

In'ti-mate-ly,  adv.  Familiar- 
ly, [suggestion ;  notice. 

In'ti-ma'tion,  n.      A    hint; 

In-tim'i-dat^,  v.  t.  To  in- 
spire with  fear;  to  abash. 

In-tim'i-da'tion,  n.  The  act 
of  intimidating. 

In'tp,  prep,  noting  entrance. 

In-to.'er-a-ble,a.  Not  to  be 
borne  or  ehdured. 

In-t6i'er-a  bly,  adv.  Beyond 
endurance.  [toleration. 

In-tol'er-ange,  n.      Want  of 

In-t6I'er-ant,  a.  Unable  to 
bear;  illiberal;  bigoted. 

In'to-nj/tion,  n.  Manner  of 
utterance ;  modulation. 

In-tdx'i-eate.v.  *.  To  inebri- 
ate; to  make  drunk. 

In-tSx'i-ea'tion,  n.  State  of 
drunkenness.  [nacy. 

In-traet'i-bll'i-ty,  n.    Obsti- 

In-traet'a-ble,  a.  Unman- 
ageable ;  obstinate;  unruly. 

In-tran'si-tive,  a.  Express- 
ing an  action  that  does  not 
pass  over  to  an  object. 

In-tranch',  v.  t.  To  fortify 
with  a  trench  ;  to  encroach. 

In-trSnch'ment,  n.  A  ditch 
and  parapet  for  defense. 

Jn-tr5p'id,  a.  Fearless  ;  bold. 

In'tre-pld'i-ty,  n.  Undaunt- 
ed  bravery ;  fearlessness^ 

Iii'tri-ea-Q/,  n.  Entangle- 
ment ;  perplexed  state  ;  com- 
plexity ;  obscurity. 

In'tri-cate,  a.  Entangled  or 
involved;  complicated. 

In-trigue'  (-treeg'),  »•  Strat- 
agem ;  amour.  —  v.i.  To 
carry  on  secret  designs. 

In-trigu'er  (-treeg'-j,  n.  One 
who  intrigues. 

In-trln'sie,       I  a.   Internal ; 

In-trln'si€-al,  I  true  ;  inher- 
ent ;  essential  ;  real. 

In-trln'si-c-al-ly,  adv.  In- 
ternally  ;  esseatiallv. 

In'tro-duge',  v.  t.  To  bring 
in  ;  to  make  known 

in'tro-du-e'tion,  n.  Act  of 
introducing;  a  preface. 

In'tro-due'to-ry,  a.  Serv- 
ing to  introduce. 

In'tro-spe€'tion,  n.  A  view 
of  the  inside.  [inward. 

In'tro-vSrt\  v.   t.    To   turn 


148 

[  In-trude',  v.  i.    To  come  un- 
I      welcoinely.  —  v.  t.  To  thrust 
'      in  without  invitation. 
In-trud'er,  n.    One  who  in- 
I      trud'es. 
In-tru'sion,     n.      Entrance 
without  right. 
|  In-tru'sive,  a.      Apt  to  in- 
trude, [the  care  of. 
I  In-trust',  v.  t.    To  commit  to 
In/tu-I'tiont-Tsh'un),  n.  Im- 
I      mediate    knowledge,  as    in 
j      perception. 

,  In-tu'i-tlve,  a.    Perceived  by 
I      the  mind  immediately. 
In-tu'i-tive-ly,  adv.    By  im- 
j      mediate  perception. 
:  In'tu-mes'gen<;e,  n  A  swell- 
I      ing  with  heat. 

In-twlne',  I  v.  t.      To    twist 
|  In-twist',   )      together. 
■  In-un'date,  v.  t.  To  overflow. 
1  In'un-da'tion,  n.      An  over- 
|      flow  of  water ;  a  flood. 
In-ure',  v.  t.  or  i.     To  accus- 
tom ;  to  serve  to  the  use  or 
benefit  of.  [urn. 

In-urn',  v.  t.  To  put  in  an 
In'u-til'i-ty,  n.  Uselessness. 
In-vade',  v.  t.     To  enter  in  a 

hostile  manner  ;  to  attack. 
In-vad'er,  n.     One  who  in- 
vades, [void. 
In-val'id,  a.      Weak;    null; 
In'va-lid,  n.      One  disabled. 

—  a.  In  ill-health;  feeble 
In-val'i-date,r.  *.    To  make 

void ;  to  weaken. 
In/va-lld'i-ty,  n.  Weakness; 

want  of  legal  force. 
In-val'u-a-ble,    a.     Beyond 

valuation  ;  priceless. 
In-va'ri-a-ble,a.    Unchange- 
able ;  uniform. 
In-va'ri-a-bly,  adv.     With- 

out  change  ;  uniformly. 
In-va'sion,   n.      Hostile  en- 
trance ;  infringement. 
In-ve-e'tive,  n.      A  harsh  or 

reproachful  accusation. 
In-veigh'  (in-vu').  *.  »'•     To 

raif  against ;  to  reproach. 
In-vei'gle  (-ve'gl),  v.  t.     To 

entice ;  to  entrap. 
Ill-vent',  v.  I.      To    discover 
by  study  or  inquiry  ;  to  find 
out;  to  contrive  ;  feign. 
In-vSn'tion,  n.    Act  of  find- 


INVOCATION 

ing  out ;  that  which  is  in- 
vented. . 

In-vent'ive,  a.  Ready  at  in- 
vention ;  ingenious,  [vents. 

Jn-vgnt'or,  n.     One  who  in- 

In'ven-to-ry,  n.  A  list  of 
articles.  [trary. 

In-verse',  a.    Inverted ;  cou- 

In-verse'ly,  adv.  In  a  con- 
trary order  or  manner. 

In-ver'sion,  n.  A  complete 
change  of  order. 

In-vert',  v.  t.  To  turn  upside 
down  ;  to  change  the  order 
of  completely. 

In-vert'ed,a.     Reversed. 

In-vest',  v.  t.  To  clothe  ;  to 
besiege ;  to  vest  in  some- 
thing else_.  [into. 

In-ves'ti-gate,v.  t.  To  search 

In-vSsti-ga'tion,  n.  A 
searching  for  truth  ;  exami- 
nation ;  inquiry. 

In-vSs'ti-ga'tor,  n.  One  who 
searches  for  truth. 

In-v6st'i-ture,  n.  Act  of 
giving  possession. 

In-vSst'ment,  n.  A  vestment ; 
conversion  into  property  less 
fleeting  than  money. 

In-vet'er-a-tjy,  ».  Obstinacy 
confirmed  by  time. 

In-vet'er-ate,  a.  Old  ;  firm- 
ly fixed. 

In-vid'i-ous,  a.  Likely  to  ex- 
cite envy,  [strengthen. 

In-vig'or-ate,    v.     t.        To 

In-vlg'or-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
invigorating. 

In-vin'gi-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
conquered ;  unconquerable. 

In-vi'o-la-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
broken. 

In-vl'o-late,  a.  Not  broken ; 
entire  ;  uninjured. 

In-vls/i-bil'i-ty.n.  State  of 
being  invisible.  [seen. 

In-vis'i-ble,  a.      Not   to  be 

In-vl§'i-bly,  adv.  So  as  not 
to  be  seen. 

In'vi-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of  in- 
viting ;  request  to  attend. 

In-vite',  v.  t.  To  request  the 
company  of;  to  allure. 

Jn-vit'ing,  p.  a.     Attractive. 

In'vo-cate,  V.  t.     To  invoke. 

In'vo-ca'tion,  n.  Act  of  in- 
voking ;  judicial  order. 


a,  e,  I,  o,  u,  y,  lun^ ;  a,  6,  T,  6,  Q,  y,  short ;  care, car,  a6k,  all,  what ;  ere,  voil,  term ;  p'.'que,  firm ; 


INVOICE 

In'voigc  (18),  n.  A  bill  of 
goods,  with  the  prices  an- 
nexed.—  p.  t.  To  make  a 
list  of,  with  the  prices 

In-v6ke',t'.  t  To  address  in 
prayer;  to  implore. 

In-v61'un-ta-ri-ly,  adv  Not 
by  choice;  against  the  will. 

In-vdl'un-ta-ry,  a.  Opposed 
to,  or  independent  of,  the 
will.  [involving: 

In/vo-lu'tion,  n.     Action  of 

In-vdlve',  r.  t.  To  envelop; 
to  infold  ;  to  comprise. 

In-vul'ner-a-ble,  a.  Incapa- 
ble of  being  wounded. 

In'ward.  «.  being  within.  — 
adv.     Within. 

In'ward-ly,  adv.  In  the  in- 
ner part ;  internally. 

In'warcis,  it.  pi.     Intestines. 

In-weave',  t».  t  [imp  in- 
wove ;  p.  p.  INWOVE,  IN- 
WOVEN ]  To  weave  to- 
gether. 

In-wrap'  (-rap'),  v.  t.  To  in- 
volve ;  to  infold. 

In- wrought'  (-rawt/),  a. 
Worked  in. 

I-6'ta,  n.     A  tittla :  a  jot. 

l-ras'Qi-bil'i-ty,  n      Quality 

_  of  being  easily  provoked. 

I-ras'gi-ble,    a.       Irritable  ; 

_  easily  angered 

Ire,  n.     Anger  ;  wrath. 

Jre'ful  (17), a.  Angry  :  wroth. 

I'ris  (18),  n.  The  rainbow; 
the  colored  circle  of  the  eye. 

I'rish,  a.  Pertaining  to  Ire- 
land.—  n  The  native  lan- 
guage of  the  Irish.      [6ome. 

Irk'some,  a      Tedious;  tire- 

I'ron  (i'urn),  n.  The  most 
common  and  useful  of  the 
metals.  — a.  Made  of  iron  ; 
like  iron  ;  hard  ;  firm  — v.  t. 
To  smooth  with  a  hot  iron. 

I'ron-€lad 
(T'urn-),  n  A 
vessel  for  war- 
fare protect- 
ed or  covered 

_  with  iron.  Iron-clad. 

I-rdn'i€-al,  a.  'Spoken  in 
irony. 

I'ron-y,  n.  Speech  intended 
to  convey  a  contrary  signifi- 
cation ;  a  species  of  ridicule. 


149 

Ir-ra'di-ate,  v.  t,  or  t.  To 
emit  rays;  to  illuminate. 

Ir-ra'di-a'tion,  n.  Emission 
of  rays;  illumination. 

Ir-ra'tion-al  (-rash'un-),  a. 
Void  of  reasou.        [surdly. 

Ir-ra'tion-al-ly,    adv.      Ab- 

Ir-reVcn-gll'a-ble,  a.  Im- 
possible to  be  reconciled. 

Ir're-eov'er-a-ble,  a.  In- 
capable of  being  recovered. 

Ir're-€ov'er-a-bly,  adv.  Be- 
yond recovery. 

Ir're-deem'a-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  redeemed.  [reduced. 

Ir're-du'Qi-ble,  a.    Not  to  be 

Ir-rsf'ra-ga-ble,  a.  Impos- 
sible to  be  refuted. 

Ir-r5f/u-ta-ble,  or  Ir're-fut'- 
a-ble,a.  Incapable  of  being 
refuted. 

Ir-rSg'u-lar,  a  Not  accord- 
ing to  rule;  unmethodical. 

Ir-rSg'u-lar'i-ty,  h.  Devia- 
tion from  rule;  anomaly. 

Ir-rgg'u-lar-ly,  adv.  "With- 
out method,  rule,  or  order. 

Ir-r61'a-tlve,  a.  Having  no 
relation  ;   unconnected. 

Ir-rel'e-vant,  a.  Not  appli- 
cable or  pertinent. 

Ir-rel'e-van-<jy,  n.  Sta,te  of 
being  irrelevant.   • 

Ir're-llg'ion  (-lTj'un),  n. 
Want  of  religion  ;  impiety. 

Ir're-lig'ious  (-ITj'us),  a. 
Ungodly  ;  wicked. 

Ir're-me'di-a-ble,  a.  Ad- 
mitting of  no  remedy. 

Ir-rSp'a-ra-ble,  a.  Impos- 
sible to  be  repaired. 

Ir-rgp'a-ra-bly,  adv.  So  as 
not  to  admit  of  repair. 

Ir're-peal'a-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  repealed. 

Ir-rcp're-hen'si-ble,  a.  Not 
to  be  blamed,  [be  repressed. 

Ir're-prSss'i-ble,  a.    Not  to 

Ir're-proach'a-ble,  a.  Be- 
yond reproach  ;  blameless. 

Ir're-sist'i-ble.n.  Impossible 
to  be  resisted  with  success. 

Ir're-sist'i-bly,  adv.  So  as 
not  to  be  resistible. 

Ir-res'o-lute,  a.  Not  firm  in 
purpose  — Syn.  Wavering; 
vacillating;  unsettled;  un- 
steady ;  undecided. 


ISTHMUS 

Ir-reg'o-lu'tion,  n.  Want  of 
firmness  of  mind. 

Ir're-spect'ive,  a.  "Without 
regard  to  circumstances. 

Ir're-spdn'si-blc,  a.  Not  re- 
sponsible. 

Ir're-triev'a-ble,  a.  Inca- 
pable of  recovery  or  repair. 

Ir-rev'er-ence  n.  Want  of 
reverence  or  veneration. 

Ir-rev'er-ent,  a.  Wanting  in 
reverence. 

Ir're-ver'si-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
reversed.  [recalled. 

Ir-rev'o-ca-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 

Ir-rev'o-€a-bly.  adv.  So  as 
not  to  admit  of  recall. 

Ir'ri-gate,  v.  t.  To  wet;  to 
moisten  ;  to  water,  as  land, 
by  means  of  a  stream  made 
to  flow  over  it.  [gating. 

tr'ri-ga/tion,  n.     Act  of  irri- 

Tr-rig'u-ous,rt.  Watery; wet. 

Ir'ri-ta-bii'i-ty,  n.  Capacity 
of  being  irritated        [tated. 

Jr'ri-ta-ble,  a.      Easily  irri- 

Ir'i'i-tant,  n.  That  which  ex- 
cites or  irritates. 

Ir'ri-tate,  v.  t.  To  excite  heat 
and  redness  in  ;  to  anger. 

Ir'ri-ta/tion,  n.  Act  of  irri- 
tating ;  exasperation. 

Ir-riip'tion,  n  Sudden  inva- 
sion ;  violent  inroad,  [upon. 

Ir-rup'tive,  a    Rushing  in  or 

I§  (2)  Third  per;  on  t iugular 
of  the  substantive  verb  To  be. 

I'sin-glass  (i'zing-glarss),  ??. 
A  kind  of  gelatine  obtained 
from  the  sturgeon  ;  mica. 

Island  (i7-),  \  n.  Land  which 

Isle  (il),  j     is  surrounded 

_  by  water.  [land. 

Isl'etJTl'ct).   n.     A  little  is- 

Is'o-late,  v.  t.  To  place  in  a 
detached  situation ;  to  place 
by  itself.  [isolated. 

Is'o-la/tion,  v.  Stateof  being 

Pso-therm'al.  a.  Having 
equal  temperature. 

Is'ra-el-Ite,»i.  A  descendant 
of  Israel ;  a  Jew. 

Is'sue(Ish'shu),  n.  Offspring ; 
final  result ;  a  small  ulcer 
kept  open.  — v.  i.  To  come 
or  send  out;  to  result. — 
t>.  t.    To  put  in  circulation. 

Isth'mus  (is'mus  or  i'st'mus), 


Bon,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took  ;   urn,  rue   pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist;  \\  as  ng;  t±d3. 


IT 

n.  A  neck  or  narrow  strip 
of  land  connecting  larger 
portions  of  land. 

It,  pron.    That  thing. 

f-tal'ian,  a.  Pertaining  to  It- 
aly. —  n.  A  native  of  Italy  ; 
language  of  Italy. 

I-tal'i-c,  a.  Relating  to  Italy  or 
to  the  letters  called  Italics. 

I-tal'i-cJze,  c,  t.  To  print  in 
the  letters  called  Italics. 


150 

I-t&l'ies,  n.  pi.  Letters  inclin- 
ing as  these. 

Itch,  n.  A  cutaneous  disease. 
—  v.  i.  To  have  irritation  in 
the  skin;  to  long. 

I'tem,  n.  A  separate  particu- 
lar. 

It'er-ate,  v.  t.    To  repeat. 

It'er-a'tion,n.  Act  of  repeat- 

_  ing  ;  repetition. 

I-tin'er-ant,  n.  One  who  trav- 


JESUITICAL 

els  from  place  to  place.  — 
_a   Wandering;  traveling. 
|-tin'er-ate,  v.  i.  To  travel. 
I-tm'er-a-ry,  n.    A  book  of 

travels.  —  a.        Traveling  ; 

done  on  a  journey. 
It-self,  pron.,  of  it  and  self. 
I'vo-ry,  n.     The  tusk  of  an 

elephant,  or  any  substance 
_  closely  resembling  it. 
I'vy,  n.    A  climbing  plant. 


JAB'BER,  v.  i.    To  talk 
rapidly  and  indistinctly. 

—  n.  Rapid,  indistinct  talk. 
Ja'cinth,  n.  A  pellucid  gem. 
Jack,  n.    An  instrument  of 

various  kinds  ;  an  engine  ; 
a  small  flag. 

Jack'al,  n.  A  wild  animal, 
allied  to  the  wolf. 

Jack'a-napes,  n.  A  monk- 
ey ;  an  ape. 

Jack'ass,  n.  Male  of  the  ass  ; 
a  dolt.  [boots. 

Jack'-bdbts,  it.  pi.  Very  large 

Jack'daw,  n.  A  bird  allied 
to  the  crows. 

Jack'et,  n.  A  kind  of  short 
coat.  [pocket-knife. 

Jack'-knlfe  (-nlf),  n.  A  large 

Jae'o-bin,  n.  A  violent  rev- 
olutionist ;  a  demagogue. 

J.ic'0-bin'i-e-al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  secret  clubs  against 
government. 

Jade.  n.  A  tired  horse;  a 
worthless  woman.  —  v.  t.  To 
wear  down  by  exertion  :  to 
tire  ;  to  weary  ;  to  fatigue. 

Jag,  n.  A  small  load;  notch. 

—  v.  t.  To  notch  ;  to  indent. 
Jag'gy,  a.       Notched ;     un- 
even. 

Jag'u-ar',n.  A 
wild  animal, 

—  called  also— ^ 
American  I. 
ger,  Jaguar. 

Jail,  n.    A  prison. 
Jaii'er,  it.    Keeper  of  a  jail. 


Jal'ap,  n.  A  plant  or  drug 
used  as  a  cathartic. 

Jam,  n.  A  conserve  of  fruits. 
— 1\  t.  (7)  To  squeeze  close- 
ly ;  to  wedge  in.  [a  chimney. 

Jamb  ( jam), n.     Side  piece  of 

Jan'gle  (jang'gl),n.  Discord- 
ant sound  ;  contention.  — 
v.    To  wrangle  ;  to  quarrel. 

Jan'i-tor,  n.     A  door-keeper. 

Jan'i-za-ry,  n.  A  Turkish 
soldier  of  the  guards. 

Jant'y.  a.     Airy  :  showy. 

Jan'u-a-ry,  n.  Firat  month 
of  the  year. 

Ja-pan'.  n.  A  peculiar  kind 
of  varnish.  — v.  t.  To  var- 
nish. 

Jar,  v.  t.  To  cause  to  shake. 
—  v.i.  To  strike  together 
slightly  ;  to  interfere.  —  n. 
A  shaking  ;  a  clash  ;  a  stone 
or  glass  vessel. 

Jar'gon,  n.  Confused  talk  ; 
gibberish. 

Jas/mine,  or  Jas'mine,  n.  i 
A  climbing  plant. 

J&s'per,  n.    A  mineral. 

Jaun'dice,  n.  A  disease  in 
which  the  body  is  yellow. 

Jaunt  (  jiint),  v.  »'.•  To  make  j 
an  excursion.  — n.  An  ex- 
cursion. 

Jave'lm,n.    A  kind  of  spear,  j 

Jaw,  n.  The  bone  in  which 
the  teeth  are  fixed. — v.i. 
To  scold. 

Jiiy,  n.  A  reddish  brown  bird 
common    in    Europe ;      an 


American  bird  of  a  sky-blue 

color. 
Jeal'ous,  a.    Suspicious. 
Jeal'ous-y,    n.       Suspicion ; 

fear   of    losing    some    good 

which  another  may  obtain. 
Jean  ( jan),  n.  A  cotton  cloth 

twilled. 
Jeer  (8),  n.  A  scoff;  a  taunt ; 

mockery,  —v.  i.     To  feoff; 

to  deride.  [name  of  (iod. 
Je-ho'vah,  n.  The  Hebrew 
Je-june',«   Hungry  ;  barren  ; 

void  of  interest. 
Je-june'ness,  n    Rarrcnncss. 
Jel'ly  (19).  «.      Inspissated 

juice  of  fruit  ;  a  conserve. 
Jen'ny,  a.      A  machine  lor 

spinning. 
Jeop'ard,  v.   t.     To  put  in 

dagger  ;  to  expose  to  loss  or 

injury.  —  SYK.       To  risk  ; 

peril ;  expose  :  hazard. 
Jeop'ard-y.n.  Danger;  peril. 
Jgrk,  v.  l.  or  i.     To  throw  or 

pull  with  sudden  notion.  — 

St.       A    sudden    thrust    or 

twitch  or  spring.  [coat. 

Jgrk'in,  it.    A  jacket  or  shor* 
Jes'sa-mine,  n      A  plant ; 

jasmine. 
Jest,  v.  i.    To  make  sport.  — 

n.     A  joke. 
Je§'u-it,  w.  One  of  a  religious 

order ;  a  crafty  person  (an 

offensive  sense). 
Jes'u-It'ie-al,   a.      Relating 

to   the  Jesuits  ;  crafty  (an 

offensive  sense). 


a,  0,1,  y,  fi,y,  long;  a,  e,  T,  6,  d,y,5Aorf  /  car*,  car,  ask,  all,  what;  Gre,  veil,  term;  pYque,  firm  ; 


JET 


JSt,  n.    A  black  fossil ;  a  sud- 
den 8pouting,as  of  water.  — 

v.  i.     To  shoot  forward. 
Jew  (jQ  or  ju ),  n.    A  Hebrew. 
Jew'el  (ju'el  or  ju'el).  n.     A 

precious   stone;    a   gem. — 

v,  t.    To  adorn  with  jewels  ; 

to  fit  with  a  jewel. 
Jew'el-er  I  (ju'-  or  ju'-),  n. 
Jew'el-ler  J      One  vho  deals 

in  jewels. 
Jew'el-ry  (ju'-  or  ji)'-),   n. 

Jewels  or  trinkets  in  general. 
Jew'e&s  (jii'es  or  ju'es),  n. 

A  Hebrew  woman. 
Jew'ish  ( ju'-  or  ju'-),  a.  Per- 
taining to  the  Jews. 
Jews'-harp(  juz'-  or  juz'-),n. 

A  musical  instrument. 
Jib,  n.     Foremost  sail  of  a 
Jig,  n.  A  light  dance,    [ship. 
JIltrn.    A  woman  who  trifles 

with  her  lover. — v.  t.     To 

trifle  in  love  with. 
Jln'gle  ( jTng'gl),  v.  To  clink  ; 

to    tinkle. — n.      A  sharp, 

clinking  sound. 
J6b,  n.     A  piece  of  work.  — 

v.  t.  or  i.    To  do  small  work  ; 

to  deal  in  stocks. 
JSb'ber,  ft.  A  dealer  in  stocks. 
Jdck'ey  (19),    n.    One  who 

deals  in  horses.  — v.  t.    To 

cheat ;  to  trick. 
Jo-eose',  a.  Given  to  jesting; 

jocular ;  facetious. 
Joe'u-lar,  a.  Jocose  ;  merry. 
Joe'u-lar'i-ty,  n.  Disposition 

to  jest. 
J6«'und,  a.      Merry;    .gay; 

lively. 
J6g,  v.  t.  or  i.     To  push  with 

the  elbow  ;  to  walk  slowly. 

—  n.     A    push    with      the 

elbow.  [ly. 

J6g'gle,?.\  t.  To  shake  slight- 
Join,  v.   t.      To  couple ;    to 

unite  ;  to  combine  ;  to  close. 
Join'er,  ft.    A  mechanic  who 

does  the  nicer  wood-work  of 

buildings. 
Join'er-y,  n.     A  joiner's  art. 
Joint,  n.   Place  or  part  where 

things   are    united. — 1\   t. 

To  form   into    joints.  —  a. 

Shared  by  two  or  more. 
Joint'ed,  a.    Having  joints. 
Joint'ly,  adv.    Unitedly. 


151 

Jointuress,  «.  A  woman  who 
has  a  jointure,  [in  company. 

Joint'-stdck,  n.     Stock  held 

Joinf-ten'an-cy,  ft.  A  ten- 
ure of  estate  by  unity  of  in- 
terest, title,  time,  and  pos- 
session. 

Joint' -ten'ant,  n.  One  who 
holds  by  joint  tenancy. 

Joint'ure  (jointly ur),  n.  An 
estate  settled  on  a  wife. 

Joist,  ft.  A  small  piece  of 
timber  to  support  a  floor. 

Joke,  n.  A  jest.  — v.  t.  or  i. 
To  jest.  [of  a  fish. 

Jole,  n.      The  cheek  ;    head 

J61'li-ty,  n.     Noisy  mirth. 

Jdl'ly,  a.  Merry  ;  gay  ;  lively. 

Jolt,  v .  t.  or  i.  To  shake  with 
jerks. — n.  A  sudden  shake. 

J6s'tle  (jos'l),  v.  t.  To  run 
against. 

J6t,  n.    An  iota ;  a  tittle. 

Jour'nal,  n.  An  account  of 
daily  transactions-,  a  diary. 

Jour'nal-ist,  n.  One  who 
keeps  a  journal,  [a  journal. 

Jour'nal-Ize,  v.  t.  To  enter  in 

Jour'ney  ( 19),  n.  Travel ; 
passage;  excursion.  —  v.  i. 
To  travel,    [hired  workman. 

Jour'ney-man   (21),  n.      A 

Joust,  it.     A  tournament. 

J6'vi-al,  a.     Merry  ;     jolly  ; 

Jowl.     See  Jole.  [gay. 

Jowl'er,  or  Jowl'er,  n.  A 
hunting-dog,  or  other  dog. 

Joy,  n.  Gladness;  exulta- 
tion.—  v.i.ort.   Torejoice. 

Joy'ful,a.    Full  of  joy  ;  glad. 

Joy'fiil-ly,  adv.     With  joy. 

Joy'less,  a.    Void  of  joy. 

Joy'ous,  a.  Glad ;  rn-erry  ; 
cheerful.  [of  triumph. 

Ju'bi-lant,  a.  Uttering  songs 

Ju'bi-lee,  n.  A  periodical 
festivity  :  a  season  of  joy. 

Ju-da'i€-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  Jews.  [  the  Jews. 

Ju'da-l§m,  n.        Religion  of 

Ju'da-ize,  v.  t.  To  conform 
to  Judaism. 

Judge,  n.  One  authorized  to 
determine  causes  in  court; 
an  umpire. 

Judg'ment  (10),  «.  Sentence ; 
opinion ;  discernment. 

Ju'di-€a-to-ry,  it.     A  court 


JUNK 

of  justice.  —  a.    Dispensing 
justice. 

Ju'di-ca-ture,  n.  Power  of 
distributing  justice ;  juris- 
diction. 

Ju-di'cial  (-dlsh'al ),  a.  Per- 
taining to  courts. 

Ju-di'cial-ly  (-dish'al-),  adv. 
In  the  forms  of  justice. 

Ju-di'ci-a-ry  (-dish'I-),  a. 
Pertaining  to  courts. — n. 
Courts  of  justice. 

Ju-di'cious  (-dish'us),  a. 
Prudent ;  acting  with  judg- 
ment. 

Ju-di'cious-ly  (ju-dTsh'us-) 
adv.  Wisely. 

Jug.  n.     A  vessel  for  liquors. 

Jug'gle,  n.  A  trick  by  leger- 
demain.—  f.  t.  To  play 
tricks. 

Jiig'gler,  n.  One  who  juggles. 

Jiig'gler-y,  ft.  Sleight  of 
hand.  [the  throat. 

Ju'gu-lar,  a.    Belonging    to 

Juice,  n.  Sap  of  vegetables  ; 
fluid  part  of  animal  sub- 
stances. 

Jui'Qi-ness,  n.    Succulence. 

Jui'gy,  a.  Full  of  juice  ;  suc- 
culent. 

Ju'lep.  n.     A  liquor  or  sirup. 

Ju-ly',  n.  Seventh  mouth  of 
the  year. 

Jum'ble,  v.  t.  To  mix.  — ft. 
A  confused  mixture ;  a 
small  cake. 

Jump,  v.  i.  To  spring  by 
raising  both  feet. — It.  A 
leap  with  two  feet. 

Jiin-e'tion,  n.   Act  of  joining. 

Jiin-et'ure,  n.  A  joining; 
point  of  time.  [year. 

June,  n.    Sixth  month  of  the 

Jun'gle(juug'gl),n.  A  thick 
duster  of  small  trees. 

Jun'ior  (-yur),  a.  Younger; 
inferior.  —  n.  One  younger 
or  of  lower  standing. 

Jun-i6r'i-ty  (-yor'-),  n.  State 
of  being  junior. 

Ju'ni-per,  ft.     An  evergreen 
cone-bearing 
shrub  or  tree. 

Junk,  n.  A  Chi- 
nese ship  ;  old 
ropes ;  hard, 
salt  beef. 


Junk. 


son,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  took;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  e^ist ;  n  as  ng  ;  diis. 


JUNKET 


152 


KINDLINESS 


Junk'et,  n.  A  private  enter- 
tainment. 

Jun'to,  n.  {pi.  Jun'to§,  18.) 
A  cabal :  a  faction. 

Ju-rid'i€-al,  a.  Relating  to  a 
judge  ;  used  in  courts  of 
law. 

Ju'ris-die'tion,  n.  Legal  au- 
thority, or  the  space  over 
which  it  extends. 

Ju'ris-pru'dengejH.  Science 
of  law. 

Ju'rist,  n.  One  versed  in  the 
law  ;  a  civil  lawyer. 

Ju'ror  )  (18,  21),  n.  One 

Ju'ry-man  I  who  serves  on 
a  jury. 

Ju/ry,  n.    A  body  of  men  se- 


lected and  sworn  to  deliver 
truth  on  evidence  in  court. 

Just,  ft.  Appropriate  or  suit- 
able ;  conformed  to  truth. — 
SYN.  Exact ;  accurate  ;  eq- 
uitable ;  fair. — adv.  Close- 
ly ;  exactly.  —  n.  A  mock 
encounter  on  horseback. 

Jus'tige,  n.  The  giving  to 
every  one  his  due ;  a  civil 
officer. 

Jus-ti'ci-a-ry  (-tish'T-),  n. 
One  who  administers  jus- 
tice. 

Jus'ti-fi'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  justified. 

Jus'ti-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
justifying  ;  vindication. 


Jus'ti-fy,  v.  t.  To  prove  to 
be  just ;  to  absolve  from 
guilt. 

Just'ly,  adv.  Equitably  ; 
honestly.  [truth. 

Just'ness,  Ji.    Conformity  to 

Jut,  v  i.  To  shoot  out  or 
project. 

Jut'ty,  n.  A  projection  in  ai 
_bujlding  ;  a  pier  or  mole. 

Ju've-nfis'gent, «.  Becoming 
young.  [ful. 

Ju've-nile,  a.  Young  ;  youth- 

Ju've-nil'i-ty,  n.  Y<>u.thful- 
ness  ;  the  manners  or  cus- 
toms of  youth. 

Jux'ta-po-gi'tion  (-zish'un), 
n.  Nearness  in  place. 


K. 


KALE,  i 
bage. 
Ka-lei'do-s-cOpe,  n 


A  kind  of  cab- 


-y  01   uciiuuiiu 


An  opti- 
cal instrument  which  ex- 
hibits a  variety  of  beautiful 
colors. 

Kan/ga-rdb' 
7i.  A  singular 
quadruped 
found  in  Aus- 
tralia. 

Kedge,   n.      A     Kangaroo, 
small  anchor. 

Heel,  n.  The  bottom  timber 
of  a  ship,  extending  from 
stem  to  stern. 

Keel'haul,  v.  t.  To  haul 
under  the  keel  as  a  punish- 
ment. 

Kccl'son  (kel'sun),  n.  A  piece 
of  timber  laid  on  the  iloor 
timbers  of  a  ship. 

Keen,  a.  Eager  ;  piercing  ; 
sharp ;  acute. 

Keen'ly,  adv.  In  a  keen 
manner  ;  sharply  ;  bitterly. 

Keep,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
KEPT.]  To  preserve;  to 
save j  to  hold.  —  v.  t.  To 
stay  ;  to  endure  ;  to  dwell. — 
v.  A  stronghold  ;  support. 

Keep'er,  n.     One  who   pre- 


serves or  guards  ;   a  custo- 
dian. 

Keep'ing,  v.  Custody  ;  care. 

Keep'sake.  n.  A  token  of 
remembrance. 

Keg,  ft.     A  small  cask. 

Kelp,  n.  Calcined  ashes  of 
sea-weed,  used  for  making 
glass. 

Ken,  v.  t.  To  see;  to  know. 
—  ft.  Reach  of  sight ;  cogni- 
zance. 

Ken'nel,  ft.  A  cot  for  dogs  ;  a 
pack  of  hounds. —  tv  t.  or  i. 
(8)  To  lodge  in  a  kennel. 

KSpt,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Keep. 

Ker'chief,  ft.  A  cloth  to  cover 
the  head.       [fruit ;  a  grain. 

Ker'nel,  «.     Seed  of  a  pulpy 

Ker'gey,  ».    A  woolen  cloth. 

Ker'sey-mere,  ft.  A  thin 
woolen  cloth  ;  cassimere. 

KSt'tle,  ft.  A  vessel  for  boil- 
ing water,  &c. 

Ket'tle-drum.n.  A 
kettle-shaped  me- 
tallic drum. 

Key  (19),/?.    An  in-     Kettle- 
stiuuient  to  fasten        rul"' 
and  open  locks ;  a  quay  ;  a 
ledge  of  rocks  near  the  sur- 
face of  water ;  an  index. 


Key 'stone,    n. 

The  top-stone 

of  an  arch. 
Kick,  n.  A  blow 

with  the  foot.    *,  Keystone. 

—  v.  To  strike  with  the  foot. 
Kid,  n.    A  young  goat. 
KId'nap(8),  e.  t.     To  steal 

and  secrete,  as  persons. 
Kid'ney  (19),  n.     That    part 
of  the  viscera  which  secretes 
the  urine  [rel. 

Kn'der-kin,  n.    A  small  bar- 
Kill  (1),  v.  t.    To  slay  ;  to  de- 
stroy 
Kiln  (kil),n.      A    fabric   for 
drying    or     burning    any 
thing. 
Kiln'-dry  (kil'-),r  t.  Todry 
In  a  kiln.  [petticoat 

Kilt.  n.    A  Highlander's  short 
Kim'bo,  a.     Bent ;  crooked. 
Kin,  n.  Kindred  :  relation. — 

a.  Of  the  same  kind. 
Kind,  a.     Having,  or   show- 
ing, a  humane  disposition. 

—  SYN.  Benevolent;  gra- 
cious: mild;  indulgent.— 
n.  A  genus ;  race;  sort. 

Kin'dle,  V.  t      To  set  on  fire. 

—  v  i.  To  ignite. 
Kind'li-ness,   n.      Affectiou- 


5,6,1,5,  Q,yr{oftg/&,<,T,  6,  Q,y,  short;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term;  pique,  firm; 


KINDLY 


153 


LACHRYMATORY 


ate    disposition  ;      benevo- 
lence. 

Kind'ly^  adv.  With  good 
will.  —  a.  Mild;  favorable. 

Kmd'ness,  n.  Sympathizing 
benevolence ;  goodness. 

Km'dred,n.  People  related 
to  each  other  ;  relatives.  — 
—  a.  Allied  by  birth. 

KIne,  n.    Old  pi.  of  Cow. 

King,  n.  A  monarch  ;  a  sov- 
ereign. 

Kmg'dom,  n.  The  territory 
subject  to  a  king ;  a  region. 

King'fish-er, 
n.  A  bird 
living  on 
fresh  -  water 
fish. 

King'ly,      a. 
Royal  ;      re-      Kingfisher. 
gal ;  pertaining  to  a  king. 

King'§'-e'vtl,  n.     Scrofula. 

Kink,  n.  The  twist  of  a  rope 
spontaneously  formed. — v.\ 
t.  or »'.  To  twist  into  akink. 

Kins/folk  (-tok),  n.  Rela- 
tions ;  kindred 

Kins'man  (21),  n.  A  relation. 

Klp'~-skin,H.  Leather  pre- 
pared from  the  skin  of 
young  cattle. 

Kirk,  n.  The  church,  as  in 
Scotland. 

Kir'tle,  n.     A  short  jacket. 

Kiss  (2),  n.  A  salute  with  the 
lips. — v.  t.  To  salute  with 
the  lips. 

Kit,  n.  A  wooden  tub ;  an 
outfit,  as  of  tools,  &c,  or 


that  which  contains  it ;  a 
small  violin.  [cooking. 

Kitch'en,  n        A    room     for 

Kite,  n.  A  rapacious  bird  of 
the  hawk  kind  ;  a  toy. 

Kit'ten,  n.  The  young  of  a 
cat. 

Kn^ck  (nak),  n.    Dexterity. 

Knap'sack  (nap'-),  n.  A  sol- 
dier's sack. 

Knave  (nav),  n.  A  rascal. 

Knav'er-y  (nav'-),  n.  Dis- 
honesty ;  petty  villainy. 

Knav'ish  (nav'-),  a.  Dis- 
honest; rascally. 

Knead  (need),  v.  I.  To  work 
and  mix  with  the  hands. 

Knee  (nee),  n.  The  joint  be- 
tween the  leg  and  thigh. 

Knee'-pan  (nee'-),  n.  The 
round  bone  of  the  knee. 

Kneel  (neel),  v.  i.  [nnp.  &  p. 
p.  KNELT  or  KNEELED.] 
To  fall  on  the  knees. 

Knell  (n61),n.  Sound  of  a 
bell,  rung  at  a  funeral  or 
death. 

Knew  (nii),  pret.  of  Know. 

Knick'knack  (nik'nak),  n. 
A  trifle  or  toy. 

Knife  (nlf,  20),  n.  An  instru- 
ment for  cutting. 

Knight  (nit),  n.  A  title.— 
v.  t.  To  dub  a  knight. 

Knight'-er'rant  (nit'-,  24), 
v.  A  roving  knight. 

Kmght'htfbd  (nit'-),  n.  The 
dignity  of  a  knight. 

Knight'ly  (nit'-),  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  or  becoming  a  knight. 


Knit  (nit),  v.  t  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
knit,  knitted.]  To  unite 
as  threads  by  means  of 
needles;  to  join  closely. 

Knlt'ting-nee'dle  (nit'-),  n. 
A  needle  used  for  knitting. 

Kn6b  (nob),  n.  A  knot;  a 
protuberance. 

Kn6ck  (nok.  5),  v.  i.  or  t.  To 
hit :  to  strike  ;  to  dash. —  n. 
A  blow  ;  a  dashing  ;  a  rap. 

Kn6ck'er  (nck'er),  n.  A 
hammer  on  a  door. 

Kr5!1(uo1),  n.    A  little  hill. 

Kn6t  (not),  n.  A  tie  ;  joint  of 
a  plant. — v.  t.  To  form 
knots  in. 

KnSt'ted  I  (not'-),  a.  Full  of 

Knot'ty    )    knots :  intricate. 

Knout  (nowt  or  n<~ot),  n.  A 
Ru-sian  instrument  of  pun- 
ishment. 

Know(no),  r.L  [imp.  KNEW; 
p.  p  known.]  To  under- 
stand ;  to  perceive ;  to  rec- 
ognize. 

Knowl'edge  (nol'ej),  n.  Clear 
perception  ;  information  ; 
cognizance ;  learning. 

Known  (uon),  p.  p.  from 
Know. 

Kniick'le  (ntik'l),  n.  A  joint 
of  the  finger  ;  the  knee- 
joint  of  a  calf.  —  v.  i.  To 
submit  in  a  contest. 

Knurl  (nOrl),  n.  A  knot;  a 
hard  substance. 

Knurl'y  (nfirl'-).  a.     Knotty. 

Ko'ran,  n.  The  Mohamme- 
dan book  of  faith. 


L. 


LA  (law),  inter] .        Look  ; 
"behold. 
La/bel,  n.     A  slip  of  paper, 

&c,  containing  a  name  or 

title,  fastened  to  any  thing. 

—  v.  t.  (8)  To  affix  a  label 

to. 
La'bi-al,  «.  Pertaining  to  the 

lips.  —  n.     A  letter  uttered 

with  the  lips. 
La/bor  (33),  n.     Work  ;  toil ; 


travail,  —  v.  i.  or  /.  (8)  To 
work ;  to  toil. 

Lab'o-ra-to-ry,  n.  A  place 
for  chemical  operations. 

La'bor-er,  n.    A  workman. 

La-bo'ri-oiis,  a.  Diligent  in 
work  ;  requiring  labor. 

Lab'y-rinth,  «.  A  place  full 
of  windings. —  Syn.  Maze. 

La€  (5),  n.  A  resinous  sub- 
stance. 


LaQC  (18),  n.  Work  composed 

of  fine  threads.  —  v.  t.     To 

fasten  or  trim  with  lace. 

Lac/er-ate,  v.  t.   To  rend  ;  to 

tear.  [tearing  ;  a  rent. 

Lag'er-a'tion,    n.       Act    of 

Lag'er-a'tlve,  a.    Tending  to 

tear.  [tears. 

La€h'ry-mal,a.    Generating 

Lach'ry-ma-to-ry,    n.       A 

vessel  for  collecting  tears  in. 


eon,  or,  do,  wolf,  tob ,  took ;  Urn,  rije,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard ;  as.  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


LACK 


154 


LARD 


Lick,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  need.  — 
n.  Want;  need;  failure. 

Lack'a-dai'sie-al,  a.  Af- 
fectedly pensive. 

Lack'ey  ( 19),  n.    A  footman. 

La-edn'i€,       la.  Brief; 

La-eon'ie-al,  j  pithy ;  con- 
cise. 

La'-eon-ism,      \  n.    A  pithy 

La-€6n'i-gi§m, )  phrase  or 
expression. 

Lac'quer  (lak'er),  v.  t.  To 
varnish.  —  n.  A  kind  of 
varnish. 

Lae'te-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
milk.  —  n.  One  of  the  ves- 
sels of  the  body  that  convey 
chyle.  [milk. 

Lac-tif'er-ous,  a.  Conveying 

Lad,  n.  A  boy  ;  a  young  man.  I 

Lad'der,  n.  A  frame  with  j 
round  steps  ;  gradual  rise. 

Lade,  v.   t.   [imp.   laded;  I 

p.  p.  LADED,  LADEN.]      To  ] 

load ;    to  throw  out  with  a 

dipper. 
Lad'ing,  n.  Load  ;  cargo. 
La'dle,  n.    A  dipper  with  a  I 

handle. 
La'dy  ( 19),  n.     A  mistress  ;  a  j 

well-bred  woman  ;  a  title  of  i 

respect.  [lady   ; 

La'dy-ship  (13),n.  Title  of  a  | 
Lag  (7),  v.  i.  To  move  slowly  ; 

to  stay  behind. — SYN.     To! 

linger;   loiter;  delay. 
La-gdbn',  ».    A  shallow  lake.  ' 
La'ie,       (  a.   Pertaining  to  a  , 
La'i€-al,  ]    layman,  or  to  the 

laity. 
Laid  ( 14),  i?np.8cp.p.  of  Lay.  i 
Lain,  p.  p.  of  Lit. 
Lair,   n.      Couch  of  a  wild  i 

beast.  [lord,  j 

Laird,    n.      In    Scotland,    a  j 
La'i-ty,  ft.      The  people,  as  | 

distinct  from  the  clergy. 
Lake,  b.     A    body  of  water  , 

surrounded  by  land. 
Lamb   (l.un),   n.      A    young 

sheep.  —  v.    i.      To    bring 

forth  lambs.  [the  surface.  • 
Lam'bent,  a.  Playing  over  | 
Lamb'kin  (lam'kin),  n.      Ai 

young  lamb. 
Lame,  a.    Disabled  in  a  limb  ; 

crippled  ;  imperfect.  —  v.  t. 

To  make  lame 


Lam'el-lar,    I  a.    Formed  in 

Lam'el-late,  J      thin  plates. 

Lame'ness,  n.  State  of  being 
lame. 

La-ment',  v.  t.  or  ?'.  To 
weep  :  to  mourn.  [ful. 

Lam'ent-a-ble,   a.     Mourn- 

Lam'ent-a-bly,  adv.  Mourn- 
fully, [sion  of  sorrow. 

Lam'en-ta'tion,  n.    Exprea- 

Lam'i-na,  n.  (pi.  Lam'i-nag, 
25),  A  thin  plate  or  scale 
lying  over  another. 

Lam'i-na'ted,  a.  Laminar. 

Lam/mas  (17),  ft.  The  first 
day  of  August. 

Lamp,  a.  A  vessel  with  a 
wick,  for  giving  light. 

Lamp'-black,  ft.  A  fine  soot 
from  the  smoke  of  resinous 
substances. 

Lam-poon',  n.  A  personal 
satire.  —  v.  t.  To  abuse 
with  satire.  [an  eel. 

Lam'prey(19),  n.  A  fish  like 

Lance,  ft.  A  long  spear.  — 
v.  t.  To  pierce  with  or  as 
with  a  lance. 

Lan'cet,  n.  A  surgical  in- 
strument to  let  blood. 

Lanch,  v.  t.  To  cast ;  to  dart. 

Land,  n.  Earth  ;  ground  ; 
country  ;  region  ;  soil ;  an 
estate.  —  v.  t.  To  put  on 
shore.  — v.  t.  To  come  or  go 
on  shore. 

Lan'dau  (18),  ».  A  kind  of 
coach  with  a  top  to  be 
thrown  back. 

Land'ed,  a.  Having  land; 
consisting  in  land. 

Land'-hold'er,  ft.  An  owner 
of  land. 

Land'ing,  n.  Place  tolandon. 

Land'la-dy,  it.  Mistress  of 
an  inu  or  lodging-house :  a 
woman  who  owns  houses 
occupied  by  tenants. 

Land'ICcked  (-lokt),  p.  a. 
Inclosed  by  land. 

Land 'lord,  ft.  The  lord  of 
land  :  master  of  an  inn  or 
lodging-house  ;  owner  of 
houses  having  tenants. 

Land'mark,  n.  Mark  of 
bounds  to  land  ;  an  elevated 
object  on  land  serving  as  a 
guide. 


Land'-Sfiice,  n.  Office  for 
the  disposal  of  public  lands. 

Land's-eape,n.  A  picture  of 
a  portion  of  country. 

Land'-slide, )  n.    A  portion 

Land'-slip,  (  of  land  slid- 
ing down  a  mountain. 

Lands/man  (21),  ».  One  who 
lives  on  the  land ;  a  sailor 
serving  for  the  first  time  at 
sea. 

Lane,  n.  A  narrow  passage. 

Lan'guage,  n.  Human 
speech  ;  tongue  ;  dialect  ; 
sty  le  or  expression. 

Lan'guid  (lang'gwid),  a. 
Weak;  faint;  feeble. 

Lan/guish,  V.  i.  To  droop  ; 
to  become  weak  or  dull. 

Lan'guish-ment,  ».  State  of 
languishing. 

Lan'guor  (liing'gwor),  n. 
Faintness ;   lassitude. 

Lank,  a.  Loose  or  lax ;  weak 
and  slender. 

Lan'tern,  ft.  A  transparent 
case  for  a  candle,     [of  rope. 

Lan'yard,  n.     A  short  piece 

Lap  (18),  n.  The  loose  part  of 
a  coat ;  part  of  a  dress  that 
covers  the  knees.  — v.  t.  (7) 
To  lay  over  or  on  ;  to  lick. 

Lap'-d6g,  ft.  A  small  dog 
fondled  in  the  lap. 

La-pel',  n.  Part  of  a  coat 
that  laps  over. 

Lap'i-da-ry,  n.  A  dealer  in 
precious  stones.  —  a.  Per- 
taining to  the  art  of  cutting 
stones. 

Lap'pet,  ?i.  Part  of  a  gar- 
ment hanging  loose. 

Lapse,  v.  I.  To  slip  ;  to 
slide  ;  to  fall  to  another.  — 
n.  A  slip  ;  a  fall. 

Lap'stone,  n.  Stone  on  which 
shoemakers  beat  leather. 

Lar'board  (lar'burd),?!.  Left- 
hand  side  of  a  ship  when 
facing  the  head.  [theft. 

Lar'ge-ny,  n.     Theft:  petty 

Liirch,  n.  A  de- 
ciduous cone- 
bearing  tree. 

Lard,  n.  The  fat 
of  swine.  — e,  /. 
To  stuff  or  mix 
with  lard.  Lurch. 


l'heft:  petty 


a,  5, 1,  d,  u,y, long;  8,G,  1,0,5,  y,  short ;  dire,  ciir,  ask,  all,  what;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm ; 


LARDER 

Lard'er,  n.  A  place  where 
meat  is  kept. 

Large,  a.  Of  great  size  ; 
bulky  ;  wide  ;  liberal. 

Large'ly,  adv.  Extensively. 

Lirge'ness,  n.  Great  size. 

Lar'gess,  n.  A  gift ;  a  pres- 
ent, [frolic. 

Lark,  n.     A  singing  bird  ;  a 

Lark'spur,  n.  A  plant  with 
showy  flowers. 

Lar'va  (25),  n.  An  insect  in 
the  caterpillar  state. 

Lar'ynx,  "•  The  windpipe. 

Las-Qiv'i-ous.  a.  Wanton  ; 
lewd ;  lustful. 

Lash  (18)',  n.  Thong  of  a 
whip;  a  cut.  —  v.  t.  To 
strike  with  a  lash  ;  to  sati- 
rize. 

Lass  (2),ji.  A  young  maiden. 

Las'si-tude,  n.  Languor  of 
body  ;  weariness. 

Las'so,n.(/^.  Las'sos,  18).  A 
rope  with  a  noose,  for  catch- 
ing wild  horses,  &c. 

Last,  a.  Latest ;  hindmost.  — 
v.  t.  To  continue;  to  form 
on  or  with  a  last.  —  adv  In 
the  last  place.  —  n.  A  form 
to  shape  a  shoe  on. 

Last'ing,«.  Continuing  long; 
permanent;  durable.  —  n. 
A  durable  kind  of  woolen 
stuff.  [place  :  at  last. 

Last'ly, .  adv.     In    the    last 

Latch  (18),  n.  A  catch  for  a 
door.  — v.  t.  To  fasten  with 
a  latch.  [a  shoe. 

Latch'et,  n     A  fastening  for 

Late,  a.  Coming  after  the 
time.  —  adv.  Far  in  the  day 
or  night;  long  delayed. 

Late'ly,  adv    Not  long  ago. 

La/tent,  a.  Hidden  ;  secret ; 
concealed. 

Lat'er-al,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  proceeding  from,  the  side. 

Lath,  n.  {pi.  Laths.)  A  thin 
strip  of  wood  to  support 
piaster.  —  v.  I.  To  cover 
with  laths.  [chine. 

Lathe,  n.     A  turner's  ma- 

Lath'er,  n.  Froth  of  soap  trad 
water.  —  v.  t.  To  spread 
with  lather. 

Lath'y,  a.     Thin  as  a  lath. 

Lat'in,  a.     Pertaining  to  the 


155 

Roman  language.  —  n.  The 
ancient  language  of  the 
Romans.      [Latiu  language. 

Lat'in-ism,  n.    Idiom  of  the 

La-tin'i~ty,  n.     Latin  style. 

Lat'in-Ize,  v.  t.  To  turn  into 
Latin. 

Lat'i-tude,  n.  Distance  from 
the  equator ;  breadth. 

Lat'i-tu'di-nal,  a.  In  the  di- 
rection of  latitude. 

Lat'i-tu'di-na'ri-an,  ft.  One 
who  indulges  freedom  in 
thinking — a.  Unrestrained; 
lax  in  religions  views. 

Lat'ten,  n.  Iron  plate  cov- 
ered with  tin. 

Lat'ter,  a.      The  last  of  two. 

Lat'ter-ly,  adv.    Of  late. 

Lat'tice,  n  A  kind  of  net- 
work of  cross  bars. 

Laud,  n.  Commendation  ; 
praise  in  worship.  —  v.  t. 
To  praise  ;  to  extol. 

Laud'a-ble,  a.  Praiseworthy. 

Lau'da-num,  n.  Opium  dis- 
solved In  spirit  or  wine. 

Laud'a-to-ry,  a.  Containing 
praise. 

Laugh  (lif ),  r.  i  To  mani- 
fest mirth  by  a  chuckling  of 
the  voice.  —  n.  An  audible 
expression  of  mirth. 

Laugh'a-ble  (laf'a-bl),  a.  Ca- 
pable of  exciting  laughter. 

Laughter  (lftfter),  n.  Con- 
vulsive expression  of  mirth. 

Launch  (Knell),  v.  t.  To 
cause  to  slide  into  water;  to 
dispatch:  to  throw.  —  v. 
The  sliding  of  a  ship  into 
water.  [woman 

Laun'dress,  n.     A    washer- 

Laun'dry.  n.  A  place  where 
clothes  are  washed 

Lau're-ate,  a.  Invested  with 
a  laurel  wreath. 

Lau'rol,  n  An  evergreen 
shrub. 

La'va,  or  La'va,  n.  Melted 
matter  flowing  from  a  vol- 
cano. 

Lave,  v.  t.  To  wash  ;  to  bathe. 

Lav'en-der,  n.  An  aromatic 
plant.  [ing. 

La'ver,  n.  A  vessel  for  wash- 

Lav'ish,  a.  Expending  with 
wasteful  profusion.  —  SVN. 


LEAFY 

Prodigal;  wasteful. — v.  t. 
To  expend  profusely. 

Law.  n.  Rule  of  action  or 
motion  ;  statute  :  decree. 

Law'ful  (17),  a.  Conforma- 
ble to  law  ;  legal ;    rightful. 

Law'ful-ly,  adv.     Legally. 

Law'-glv'er,  n.  A  legislator. 

Law'less,  a.  Not  restrained 
by,  or  contrary  to,  law. 

Lawn,  n.  An  open,  grassy 
space  :  a  sort  of  fine  linen. 

Law'suit,  n.  A  process  in 
larw  ;  an  action. 

Law'yer,  n.  One  who  is 
versed  in,  or  practices,  law. 

Lax,  a.  Loose  ;  vague;  slack. 

Lax'a-tive,  a.  Having  the 
quality  of  relieving  costive- 
ness.  —  n.  A  medicine  that 
relaxes  the  bowels.       [ness. 

Lax'i-ty,  n.  Slackness  ;  loose- 
Lay,  •.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
LAID]  To  put  ;  to  wager  ; 
to  produce  eggs.  —  n.  A 
song  ,  a  stratum  :  a  row.  — 
a.     Pertaining  to  the  laity. 

Lay'er,  n.  A  stratum  ;  a 
bed  ;  a  sprig,      [clergyman. 

Lay'man  (21),  n.    One  not  a 

La'zar,  n.  A  person  with  a 
pestilential  disease. 

Laz'a-ret'to,w.  A  pest-house 
for  diseased  persons,      [ner. 

La'zi-ly,  adv.  In  a  lazy  man- 

La'zi-ness  (13),  n.  Habitual 
inaction ;  sloth. 

La'zy,  a.    Slothful ;  sluggish. 

Lea,  n.     A  meadow  :  a  plain. 

Leach,  v.  t.  To  wash  by  per- 
colation.—  n.  Wood-ashes 
washed  by  percolation  of 
water. 

Lead,  n.  A  soft  metal.  —  v.  t. 
To  cover  with  lead. 

Lead,  v.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
LED]  To  go  before  ;  to 
guide  — n.  Guidance;  di- 
rection, [lead:  dull. 

LSad'en.  a.       Consisting   of 

Lead'er,  n.     One  who  leads. 

Leaf  (20),  n.  Part  of  a  plant, 

or  something  resembling  it ; 

part  of  a  book  ;  one  side  of 

a   double   door.  —  v.  i.     To 

\      put  forth  leaves. 

Leaflet,  n.     A  little  leaf. 

Leafy,  a.  Full  of  leaves. 


•on 


,  6r,  do,  wolf,  tJb,  took ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  «j,  hard;  a<  ,  exist ;  Q  as  ng ;  this. 


LEAGUE 


156 


LENS 


League  (leeg),  n.  Alliance  of 
states  ;  three  miles.  —  SYN. 
Confederacy  ;  compact ;  co- 
alition.—  v.  i.  To  unite  in 
a  confederacy. 

Leak,n.  A  crack  or  hole  that 
admits  a  fluid  to  pass.  — 
v.  i.  To  let  a  lluid  in  or  out. 

Leak'age,  n.  Allowance  for 
waste  by  leaking. 

Leak'y,  a.  Letting  a  fluid 
in  or  out. 

Lean,  a.  Wanting  flesh  ; 
thiu  ;  slender.  —  n.  Flesh 
without  fat. — v.i.  To  in- 
cline ;  to  bend. 

Leap,  v.  i.  To  spring  ;  to 
bound;  to  jump. — n.  A 
jump  ;  a  bound  ;  a  skip. 

Leap'-year,  n.  Every  fourth 
year,  which  has  one  day 
more  than  other  years. 

Learn,  v.  To  gain  knowledge 
or  skill. 

Learn'ed,  a.  Having  learning. 

Learn'er,  n.  One  who  is  ac- 
quiring knowledge- 

Learn'ing,  n.  Erudition ; 
knowledge. 

Lease,  n.  A  letting  for  hire. 
—  v.  t.  To  let  for  use  by 
hire. 

Leash, n.  A  leather  thong  ; 
three  creatures  of  any  kind ; 
a  band. 

Least,  a.  Smallest. — adv. 
In  the  smallest  degree. 

LSath'er ,  n.  Hide  of  an  ani- 
mal dressed,  and  prepared 
for  use.  [leather. 

LSath/ern,    a.       Made    of 

L6ath'er-y,«.    Like  leather. 

Leave,  n.  Liberty  granted  ; 
a  parting  visit.  —  SYN. 
Permission;  license. — v.  t. 
[imp.  &  p.  p.  LEFT.]  To 
quit;  to  bequeath. 

LSav'en  (lev'n),  n.  A  mass 
of  sour  dough  for  making 
other  dough  light.  —  v.  t. 
To  raise  and  make  light. 

Leaves,  n.  pi.  of  Leaf. 

Leav'ings,  n.  pi.  Things 
left.  [lewdness. 

LSch'er,  n.     A  man  given  to 

Lech'er-ous,  «.     Lustful. 

LSch'er-y,  n.  Lewdness  ; 
free  indulgence  of  lust. 


LeVtion,  n.    A  reading. 

Le-et'ure,  n.  A  discourse  ;  a 
formal  reproof.  —  v.  To  read 
lectures  ;  to  repiove.    [ures. 

Le€t'ur-er,  n.   One  who  lect- 

Led,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Lead. 

Ledge,  n.  A  shelf;  a  ridge  of 
rocks  ;  a  small  molding. 

Ledg'cr,  n.  A  chief  book  of 
accounts.  [wind. 

Lee,  n.     Side  opposite  to  the 

Leech  (18),  n.  A  blood -suck- 
ing worm ;  a  physician. 

Leek,  n.  A  plant  with  edible 
leaves. 

Leer,  n.  An  oblique  or  affect- 
ed look.  — v.  i.  (8)  To  look 
obliquely.  [of  liquor. 

Lees,  n.  pi.  Dregs  ;  sediment 

Lee^-shore,  n.  Shore  toward 
which  the  wind  blows. 

Lee'ward  (eolloa.,  lQ'ard), 
adv.  Toward  the  lee. 

Lee'way,  n.  Movement  to- 
ward the  lee. 

LSft,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Leave. 
—  a.  Opposite  to  the  right. 

Left'-hand'ed,  a.  Using  the 
left  hand  with  most  skill. 

LSg,  n.  A  limb  to  support  the 
body  or  other  thing,     [will. 

Leg'a-Qy,  n.      A   bequest  by 

Le'gal,a.  According  to  law  ; 
permitted  by  law. 

Le-gal'i-ty,  n.     Lawfulness. 

Le'gal-ize,  v.  t.  To  make 
lawful ;  to  authorize. 

Le'gal-ly,  adv.  According  to 
law.  [or  envoy. 

LSg'ate,   n.     An  embassador 

LSg'a-tee',  n.  One  who  has 
a  legacy. 

Le-ga'tion,  n.  An  embassy  ; 
suite  of  an  embassador. 

L8g''a-t6r',  n.  One  who  be- 
queaths or  leaves  a  legacy. 

Leg'-bail,  w.  A  clandestine 
running  away  :  flight. 

Le'gend,  or  Lgg'end,  n.  A 
remarkable  story  ;  a  motto. 

Leg'end-a-ry,  a.  Traditional ; 
fabulous.  [of  hand. 

LSg/er-de-main',  n.    Sleight 

Leg'er-line,  n.  (Music.)    A 
line    above    or    under    the 
staff. 
I  LSg'gin,     )  n.  A  covering  for 
i  Lfig'ging, J      the  leg. 


L6g'i-bil'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  legible. 

Leg'i-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  read.  [be  read. 

Leg'i-bly,  adv.  So  that  it  can 

Le'gion,n.  A  body  of  foot- 
soidiers  ;  a  multitude. 

Leg'is-late,  v.  7.  To  make 
laws.    _  [making  laws. 

Leg'is-la/tion,    n.      Act  of 

Lgg'is-la/tive.a.  Pertaining 
to  the  enactment  of  laws. 

Leg'is-la/tor,  n.  One  who 
makes  laws  ;  a  lawgiver. 

Leg'is-la'tiire,  w.  A  bcdy  of 
men  havir  g  authority  to 
make  laws.  [ness. 

Le-git'ima-gy,  n.     Luwtnl- 

Le  git'i-mate,  a.  Lawful  ; 
lawfully  begotten,     [lawful. 

Le-git'i-m?.le,  r.  t.  To  iifke 

Le-git'i-ma'licn,  v.  Act  of 
rendering  legitimate. 

Leg'ume,  or  Le-gume',  n. 
A  pod  splitting  into  two 
valves;  (pi.)  pulse:  peas, 
beans,  &c.        [ing  of  pulse. 

Le-gii'mi-nous,  a.    Coneist- 

Leis'ure  (15'zhyr),  n.  Free- 
dom from  occupation. — a. 
Deliberate ;  slow. 

Leis'ure-ly,  adv.  Slowly.  — 
a?  Deliberate ;  slow. 

L£m'on,  n.  An  acid  fruit  and 
the  tree  that  bears  it. 

LSnyon-ade'.  n.  Water.  it»g- 
ar.  and  lemon-juice  mixed. 

Lend,  v.  i.  {imp.  &  p.  p. 
LENT  1  To  grant  on  condi- 
tion of  receiving  the  thing 
again  or  an  equivalent. 

Length,  n.  Extent  from  end 
to  end :  extension. 

Length'en  (lengthen),  v.  To 
make  or  grow  longer. 

Length'wise.  adv.  In  di- 
rection ofthe  length. 

Length'y.n.  Somewhat  long. 

Le'ni-en-gy,  n.  Mildness  ; 
lenity  ;  clemency. 

Le'ni-ent,  u.  Mild  :  merciful. 

LSn'i-tive,  a.  Mitigating ; 
easing  ;   softening. 

L6n'i-ty, ;;.  Mildness;  mercy. 

L6n§,  v.  A  glass  by  which 
rays  of  light  are  changed  in 
direction,  and  objects  nro 
magnified  and  diminished. 


a,e,I,o,  D,y,  long;  8,e,  I,  o,  u,y, short;  cure, ciir,  ask,  all,  what ;  Ore,  veil,  term  ;  p'.'que,firm; 


1. 


LENT 

Lent,  imp.  &  p  p.  of  Lend. 
—  n.  Time  of  fasting  forty 
days  before  Easter. 

Len'til,  n.  A  plant  used  as 
food. 

Le'o-nine,  a.  Having  the 
qualities  of  a  lion 

Leop'ard  Hep'-) 
n.  A  spotted  wild 
beast  of  India 
and  Africa 

L6p'er,   n.        One   Leopard, 
who  is  infected  with  leprosy. 

L5p'ro-sy.  n.  A  cutaneous 
disease,  marked  by  scaly 
spots,  [leprosy. 

Lop'rous,  a     Infected  with 

LS'sion,  n  A  hurt ;  an  in- 
jury ;  a  morbid  change. 

Less,       )  a.    Smaller  ;  not  so 

LSss'er,  j     large. 

L5ss  (2),  adv.  In  a  smaller 
degree.  —  n.  A  smaller  por- 
tion; the  younger  or  inferior. 

Lcs-see',  n.  One  to  whom  a 
lease  is  made.  [ish. 

Loss'en,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  dimin- 

L2s'son,  n.  A  portion  of  a 
book  to  bo  read  or  learned  ; 
reproof;  rebuke.      [a  lease. 

Les'sor,  n.     One  who  grants 

LSst,  conj.  For  fear  that. 

Let,  v.  /.  [imp  &  p.  p.  let.] 
To  give  leave  ;  to  permit ;  to 
allow  ;  to  lease.  — n.  Hin- 
drance ,  delay. 

Le-thar'gie,  a.  Unnaturally 
sleepy ;  drowsy. 

Leth/ar-gy,  n.  Morbid  or  un- 
natural drowsiness. 

Le'the,  n.  Oblivion;  death. 

Le-the'an,  a.  Inducing  sleep 
or  oblivion. 

Let'ter,  n.  One  who  leases ;  a 
written  message ;  an  epistle ; 
a  printing  type  ;  (  pi. )  learn- 
ing;;  literature.  —  v.t.  To 
stamp  with  letters.       [type. 

Let'ter-press,  n.   Print  from 

Let'tuge  (let'tis),  n.  A  plant 
used  for  salad. 

Le-vant',  n.  The  eastern 
countries  along  the  Mediter- 
ranean . 

Le-van'tine,  or  LSv'an-tlne, 
».  A  kind  of  silk  cloth. 

Lev'ee,  n.  Assembly  of  peo- 
ple on  a  visit  to  a  great  per- 


157 

eon ago ;  bank  of  earth  along 
a  river. 

Lev'el,  a.  Even  ;  flat ;  plain  ; 
—  v.t. (8)  To  make  even. — 
t\  i.  To  aim.  — n.  A  plain  ; 
a  flat  surface  ;  equality. 

Le'ver,      or 
Lev'er, 
One     of     the 
mechanical 
powers.  Lever. 

Lev'er-et,  n.  A  young  hare. 

Le-vi'a-than,M.  A  large  sea- 
animal  ;  the  whale. 

Lev'i-gate,  v.  t.  To  reduce 
to  powder  ;  to  polish. 

Le'vlte,  n.  One  of  the  tribe  i 
of  Levi ;  an  attendant  on  a  I 
Hebrew  priest,  [the  Levites.  j 

Le-vit'i-eal,  a.     Relating  to 

Lev'i-ty,  n.  Lightness  ;  want 
of  seriousness.  —  Syn.  Vol- 
atility; Mightiness. 

LSv'y,  v.  t.  To  raise  ;  to  col- 
lect.—  it.  Act  of  raising 
money  or  troops ;  a  small 
coin  worth  12£  cents. 

Lewd  (lad),  a.  Given  to  in- 
dulgence of  lust ;  licentious. 

Lewd'ness,  n.  Unlawful  in- 
dulgence of  lust ;  lechery. 

Lex'i-edg'ra-pher,  n.  The 
writer  of  a  dictionary. 

Lex'i-eo-graph'ie-aLa.  Per- 
taining to  lexicography. 

L6x'i-€6g'ra-phy,  n.  The  art 
of  composing  dictionaries. 

Lex'i-€on,  n.     A  dictionary. 

Li'a-ble,  a.  Exposed;  re- 
sponsible ;  subject. 

LPa-bil'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  liable;  responsibility. 

Li'ar,»i    One  who  lies.   [wine. 

Li-ba'tion,  n.    An  offering  of 

Li'bel,  n.  A  defamatory  writ- 
ing ;  a  written  statement  of 
the  cause  of  a  legal  action 
and  of  the  relief  sought. —  v. 
l.  (8)  To  defame  by  writing ; 
to  proceed  against  by  filing 
a  libel. 

Li'bel-ant  H8),  n.    Onewho 

Li'bel-lant )      brings  a  libel. 

Li'bel -ous,   1    a.        Defama- 

Li'bel-lous, }        tory. 

Lib'er-al,  a.  Free  in  giving  ; 
generous ;  candid. 

Lnyer-al'i-ty,n.   Generosity. 


LIEUTENANCY 

Lib'er-al-IzG,  v.  t.  To  freo 
from  narrow  views.  [ly. 

Lib'er-al-ly,  adv.   Gonerous- 

Lib'er-ate,  t?.  t.    To  .-et  free. 

Lib'er-a'tion,  n.  A  setting 
free ;  release.  [sets  free. 

Lib'er-a/tor,  n.      One    who 

Lib'er-tine,  n.  A  dissolute 
man.  —  a.  Licentious. 

Lib'er-ty,  n.  Freedom  ;  per- 
mission ;  immunity. 

Li-bid'i-nous,  a.    Lustful. 

Li-bra'ri-an,  n.  One  who 
has  charge  of  a  library. 

Li'bra-ry,  a.  A  collection  of 
books  ;  a  place  for  books. 

Li'brate,  V.t.     To  balance. 

Li-bra'tion,  n.    Act  of  bal- 

Lige,  pi.  of  Louse,      [ancing. 

LI'gense,  n.  Permission  ; 
excess  of  liberty.  —  r.  t  To 
permit  by  legal  warrant. 

Li-g6n'ti-ate  (-shl-at),  n.  One 
who  has  a  license  to  exerciso 
a  profession. 

Li-ggn'tious  (-sen'shus),  a. 
Loose  in  morals  ;  dissolute. 

Li-gen'tious-ness,  n.  Con- 
tempt of  just  restraint. 

LI'-ehen  (or  llch'en),  n.  A 
cellular  flowerless  plant,  of 
a  scaly  form. 

Lick  (5),  v.  t.  To  pass  over 
with  the  tongue  ;  to  lap.  — 
n.  A  stroke  ;  a  blow  ;  a  place 
where  beasts  lick  for  salt. 

Lick'er-ish,  a.  Nice ;  deli- 
cate; dainty;  tempting. 

Lie'or-ige,  n.  A  plant,  and 
its  sweet,  medicinal  root* 

Lid,  n.     A  cover. 

Lie  (li),  n.  A  false  statement 
uttered  to  deceive;  a  false- 
hood.— v.  i.  (12)  To  utter 
falsehood  to  deceive.  —  v.  t. 
[imp.  LAY  ;  p.p.  LAIN.]  To 
rest  horizontally  ;  to  lean  ; 
to  remain. 

Lief,  adv.     Willingly. 

Liege,  a.  Bound  by  feudal 
tenure;  sovereign.  —  n.  A 
vassal ,  a  lord  or  superior. 

Li'en  (le'en  or  li'en),  n.  A 
legal  claim. 

Lieii(lu),  n.     Stead;  place. 

Lieu-ten'an-gy  (lu-  or  lef-), 
n.  Office  or  commission  of 
a  lieutenant. 


son,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  took;  urn,  n.je,  pull;  c,  g,  soft;  e,  g,  hard ;  as  ;  e-ist ;  n  as  ng;  this. 


LIEUTENANT 

"  Lieu-ten'ant  (lu-  or  lef-),  n. 
A  deputy ;  an  officer  next 
below  a  captain.  [Lief 

Lieve,  adv.     Willingly.     See 

Life  (20),  n.  Vitality  ;  exist- 
ence ;  energy  ;  spirit ;  ani- 
mation ;  conduct. 

Life'-blood  (-bind),  n.  Blood 
Decenary  to  life. 

Life'-boat,  n.  A  boat  ren- 
dered buoyant  by  air-tight 
chambers,  &c.  [guard. 

Llfe'-guard,  n.        A    body- 

Life'less,  a.  Without  life, 
spirit,  or  energy.  —  SYN. 
Dull;  inanimate;  dead. 

Lift,  v.  t.  To  raise ;  to  ele- 
Tate  ;  to  exalt.  —  n.  Act  of 
raising  ;  that  which  is  to  be 
raised. 

Lig'a-ment,  n.  Any  thing 
which  ties  or  unites. 

Li-ga'tion,  n.  Act  of  binding. 

Lig'a-ture,  n.  A  band  or 
bandage ;  two  or  more  letters 
united,  asjy*. 

Light  (lit),  n.  That  by  which 
we  see  ;  illumination  ;  illus- 
tration ;  a  candle,  &c. ;  day- 
time.—  a.  Bright;  clear; 
nimble  ;  not  heavy.  —  v.  t. 
To  illuminate  ;  to  kindle.  — 
r.  i.  To  come  by  chance  ; 
to  dismount. 

Light'en  .(lltfn),  v.  i.  To 
Hash  with  light ;  to  grow 
less  dark. — v.  t.  To  make 
light;  to  alleviate. 

Lighl'er  (lit'-),  «.  One  who 
lights  ;  a  large  open  boat  for 
unloading  vessels. 

Llght'-head'ed  (lit'-),  a.  De- 
lirious; volatile. 

LIght'-heart-'ed  (lit'-),  a. 
Cheerful:  gay. 

LIght'-hdrse  (lit'-),  n.  Light- 
armed  eavalry. 

LIght'-house  (lit'-),  n.  A 
tower  with  a  light  to  direct 
seamen. 

Lightly (lW-),aelv.  Nimbly; 
with  levity  ;  easily. 

Llght'-mind'ed  "(lit'-),  a. 
Volatile ;  unsteady. 

LIght'ness  (lit'-),  n.  Bright- 
ness ;  want  of  weight ;  levity 

Light 'ning  {lit'-),  n.  A  Hash 
of  electricity. 


158 

Lights  (fit's),  n.'pL    Lungs. 

Lig'ne-ous,  a.  Wooden;  re- 
sembling wood. 

Lig'num-vl'tae,  n.  A  hard 
wood,  used  for  wheels,  &c. 

Like,  a.  Equal ;  similar  ; 
probable.  —  n.  That  which  ; 
resembles.  —  adv.  In  the 
same  manner.  — v.  I.  To  be 
moderately  pleased  with  ;  to 
approve;  to  relish;  to  enjoy. 

Like'li-hobd,  n.   Probability. 

Like'ly,  a.  Probable.  —  adv., 
Probably. 

Lik'en,  v.  t.  To  represent ! 
as  like ;  to  compare. 

Like'ness,  ft.     Resemblance. 

Like'wi§e,  adv.  In  like  man-  j 
ner;  moreover;  also. 

LIk'ing  (11),  n.  Inclination;  I 
pleasure ;  desire. 

LI'la€,  n.  A  flowering  shrub. 

Lil'i-pu'tian,  a.   Diminutive.  I 

Lil'y,  n.     A  beautiful  flower. 

Limb  (Hm),  n.  An  extremity  i 
of  the  body  ;  a  branch  of  a 
tree ;  an  edge. 

Lim'ber,  a.  Easily  bent; 
flexible ;  pliant. 

Lime,  n.   A  calcareous  earth. 

LIm'bo  (18),  n.  The  borders 
of  hell:  a  place  of  restraint.  I 

Lime '-kiln  (-kll),  n.  A  kiln  I 
for  burning  lime.        [stone.  j 

Lime'-st6ne,n.  A  calcareous  j 

Lim'it,  n.   A  bound ;  border. 
—  v.  t.     To  set  bounds  to;  | 
to    confine   within    certain 
bounds. 

Lim'it-a'tion,  n.   Act  of  lim-  j 
iting  ;    that  which  limits  ; 
restriction.  [infinite,  j 

Lim'it-less,  a.  Without  limit ; 

Limn  (lim),  v.  I.  To  draw  or 
paint.  [painter. 

Lim'ner,     n.       A     portrait- 
Limp,  v.  i.     To  walk  lamely 

Lim'pet,  n.  A  small  shell- 
fish, [ent. 

Lim'pid,  a.    Pure;  transpar- 

LTmp'sy.  a.  Weak;  flexible. 

Lmch'-pin,  n.  A  pin  to  keep 
a  wheel  on  the  axletree. 

Lln'den,  n.  A  kind  of  shade- 
tree. 

Line,  n.  A  string  or  chord  ; 
an  extended  mark  ;  a  row 
or   rank ;    a   course  ;    busi- 


LIQUESCENT 

ncss  ;  a  verse  ;  a  limit ;  the 
equator  ;  the  twelfth  of  an 
inch. — v.  t.  To  cover  or 
put  on  the  inside  of.  [scent. 

Lin'e-age,   n.     A   race;    de- 

Lin'e-al,  a.  Composed  of 
lines  ;  descending  in  a  direct 
line.  [line. 

Lm'e-al-ly,  adv.    In  a  divert 

Lin'e-a-ment,  n.  Outline  ; 
feature. 

Lin'e-ar,  a.  Pertaining  to,  or 
consisting  of,  lines. 

Lln'en,  a.  Made  of  flax  or 
hemp.  —  n.  Cloth  of  flax  or 
hemp. 

Lm'en-dra'per,  n.  One  who 
deals  in  linen. 

Lm'ger,  v.  i.  To  remain 
long  ;  to  delay  ;  to  loiter. 

Lm'ger-ing,  a.  Slow ;  tardy. 

Lm'gual  (ITng'gwal),  a.  Per- 
taining to  the  tongue. 

Lin'guist  (ling'gwist),  n.  Ono 
skilled  i:i  languages. 

Lin-guist'i-e.  a.  Relating  to 
the  affinities  of  languages. 

Lm'i-ment,  n.  A  soft  oint- 
ment, [inner  surface. 

Lin'ing,  n.     Covering  of  any 

Link.  n.  One  of  the  parts  of 
a~chain:  a  torch.  —  v.t.  To 
connect  by  links. 

Lin'stock,  ft.  A  cannoneer's 
staff  to  hold  a  match. 

Lin'net,  n,  A  small  song- 
bird. 

Lin'seed,  n.     Seed  of  flax. 

Lint,  n.  Soft  scrapings  of 
linen. 

Lm'tel,  ft.  Upper  horizontal 
part  of  a  door-frame,  &c. 

Li'on,  v.  A  ra- 
pacious quad-  : 
ruped  of  Asia 
and  Africa. 

Li'on-ess,  n.  A 
female  lion. 

Lip,   n.     Border 
of  the  mouth ;  edge  of  any 
thing. 

Lipped  (lTpt),  a.  Having  lips. 

Liq'ue-fae'tion,  n.  Act  of 
melting.  [liquefies. 

LTq'ue-fl'er,    n.      One    who 

Liq'ue-fy  (-we-),  v.  t.  or  t.  To 
melt ;  to  dissolve. 

Li-quSs'gent,  a.     Dissolving. 

a,e,  I,  6,  u,y, long ;  1,8,1,  o,  d,y,  short;  care, car, ask, all,  what;  Gre, veil,  term  ;  p.'que,firm  ; 


LIQUID 

Liq'uid(Hk/vvid),a.  Flowing; 
fluid. — n.  A  flowing  sub- 
stance. 

Liq'uid-ate,  v.  t.  To  adjust ; 
to  pay.        .        [liquidating. 

Liq'uid-a'tion,    n.     Act    of 

Li-quld'i-ty,    I  n.  Quality  of 

Liq'uid-ness, )   being  liquid. 

Liq'uor  (lik'ur),  n.  A  liquid; 
strong  drink. 

Lisp,t'.  i.  To  sound  .s  and  z  as 
tk ;  to  speak  imperfectly.  — 
n.  A  defective  articula- 
tion. 

List,  v.  t.  To  enroll  for  serv- 
ice. —  V.   i.      To  hearken  ; 

to  attend  to n.    A  roll ; 

a  strip  of  cloth. 

List'el,  n.  (Arch.)  A  fillet;  a 
little  square  molding. 

List'en  (ITs'n),  v.  i.  To  hear 
watchfully  ;  to  attend  to. 

List'en-er  (lTs'ii-),  n.  One 
who  listens. 

List/less,  a.  Heedless;  care- 
*  less;  indifferent. 

Lit'a-ny,  n.  A  solemn  form 
of  supplication  and  prayer. 

Lit'er-al,  o.     Word  for  word. 

LIt'er-al-ly,ar/r.  With  strict 
adherence  to  words. 

LTt'er-a-ry,  a.  Relating  to 
literature.  [men. 

Lit'er-a/ti,  n.    pi.     Literary 

Lit'er-a-ture,  n.  Acquaint- 
ance with  books  ;  literary 
productions.  [lead. 

Lith'arge,  n.     An  oxide  of 

Lithe,  a.  Easy  to  be  bent ; 
pl»nt ;  flexible  ;  limber. 

Lith'o-graph,  n.  A  print 
from  a  drawing  on  stone  — 
v.  t.  To  print  from  a  draw- 
ing on  stone. 

Li-thog'ra-pher,  n.  One  who 
practices  lithography. 

Lith'o-graph'i-e,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  lithography. 

Li-thog'ra-phy,  n.  The  art 
of  printing  on  stone. 

Li-th6t'o-my,  n.  The  oper- 
ation of  cutting  for  the 
stone  in  the  bladder. 

Lit'i-gant,  n.  One  engaged 
in  a  lawsuit.         [a  lawsuit. 

Lit'i-gate,  v.    To  contest  by 

Lit'i-ga'tion,  n.  Contention 
in  law. 


159 

Li-tig'ious  (-tTj'us),  a.  In- 
clined to  go  to  law. 

Lifter,  v.  t.  To  bring  forth  ; 
to  strew  with  scraps.  —  n. 
A  carriage  with  a  bed  in  it ; 
a  brood  of  pigs ;  loose  mat- 
ter strewed  about. 

Lit'tle,  «.  Small;  not  much. 
—  n.  A  small  quantity, 
amount,  or  spuce,  &c.  — 
adv.     In  a  small  degree. 

Lit'tle-ness,  n.  Smallness; 
meanness. 

Ll-tur'gle-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  a  liturgy. 

Llt'ur-gy,  n.  A  formulary 
of  prayers;  a  ritual. 

Live  (liv),  v.  i.  To  have  life  ; 
to  pass  one's  time ;  to  abide  ; 
to  dwell ;  to  last ;  to  feed. 

Live,  a.    Having  life;  active. 

LIve'li-hdbd,  n.  Means  of 
living. 

LIve'li-ness,w.  Sprightlincss. 

Live'long,a.  Longin  passing. 

Live'ly,  a.  Living;  brisk. — 
adv.     In  a  brisk  manner. 

LIv'er,  «.  One  who  lives;  an 
organ  which  secretes  bile. 

Liv'er-y,  it.    A  giving  of  pos- 
I      session ;    peculiar    dress  of 
servants. 

Lives,  n.  pi.  of  Life. 
|  Llve^-stdck,     n.        Cattle  ; 
I      horses,  &c.  [bruise. 

I  Liv'id,  a.  Discolored  by  a 
:  Liv'ing.n.  Subsistence;  sup- 
I  port ;  benefice. 
|  LIz'ard,  n.  A 
)      kind  of  reptile. 

Jj6,interj.  Look! 
|      see !  behold ! 

Load, n.    That 
which  is  car- 
ried ;  weight ;  encumbrance. 
v.t.    [imp.  loaded  ;  p.  p. 

LOADED,     LOADEJV.]        To 

burden  ;    to     freight  ;      to 
charge. 
Load/star,  n.     The  pole-star. 
Load'stone,  n.      An  ore  of 
j      iron  ;  a  native  magnet. 
;  Loaf  (20).  n.     A  quantity  or 
mass  of  bread. 
Loafer,  n.     A  low  idler. 
!  Loam,  n.  A  rich,  friable  soil. 
Lcam'y,  a.    Consisting  of,  or 
i      like,  loam. 


Lizard. 


LOFT 

Loan,  n.  Act  of  lending  ;  the 

thing  lent.  —v.t.    To  lend. 
Loath.     See  Loth. 
Loathe,  v.  t.    To  hate ;  to  be 

disgusted  by.  (gust. 

Loath/some,  a.  Exciting  dis- 
L6ave§,  n.  pi.  of  Loaf. 
L6b,  v.  l.     To  let  fall' heavily. 
L6b'by,  n.     An  anteroom  ;  a 

small  hall  or  waiting  room. 
L6be,w.    A  roundish  part,  as 

of  the  lungs,  and  of  the  ear. 
L6b'ster,  n.     A   crustaceous 

fish.  [place. 

L6'€al,  a.     Pertaining  to   a 
Lo-cal'i-ty,  n.    Existence  in 

a  place  ;  situation  ;  place. 
Lo'-eal-ly,  adv.   With  respect 

to  place;  in  place.  [set. 

]  L6'«ate,   v    t.     To  place  or 
'  Lo-€a'tion,   n.     The  act  of 

placing;  position. 
L6€h  (16k),  ».    A  lr.ke  ;  a  bay 

or  arm  of  the  sea. 
L6ck,«.  Fastening  for  a  door, 

&c.  ;  part  of  a  gun  ;  tuft  of 

hair  :  works  to  confine  water 

in  a  canal.  —  v.  t.  To  fasten 

with    a    lock ;    to  embrace 

closely. 
L6ck'a£e,  n.      Materials  for 

canal  locks ;  toll  for  passing 

a  lock. 
Ldck'er.  n.  A  drawer  or  close 

place  fastened  by  a  lock. 
Lock'et,  n.   A  catch  ;  a  small 

ornamental  picture-case. 
L6ck'-smith,  n.   A  maker  of 

locks. 
Lo'-ec-mo'tion.   n.      Act  of 

moving  from  place  to  place. 
Lo'-eo-mO'tive,    a.      Having 

power  to  change  place.  —  n. 

A  steam  engine  on  wheels. 
L6'-eust,n.  A  jumping  insect, 

like  the  grasshopper  :  a  tree. 
L6de,n.     A  metallic  or  other 

vein  ;    a   cut  or  reach  of 

water 
LQdge.  n.  A  small  house;  an 

association.  — v.  t.  or  i.    To 

rest  at  night. 
L6dg'er,  n.    One  who  lodges. 
Lodg'ing,  n.   A  place  of  rest 
L5dg'ment  (10),  n.    Act  of 

lodging ;  position  secured  by 

assailants. 
L6ft,  n.     An  elevated  floor. 


s6n,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rije,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  -c,  g,  hard ;  as.  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


LOFTILY 


ICO 


LOWLY 


Luft'i-ly,  adv.  In  a  lofty 
manner  or  position. 

L6ft'i-ness,  n.  Altitude  ; 
haughtiness  ;  pride. 

Ldft'y,  a.  Elevated  ;  high  ; 
proud;  stately. 

L5j,  n.  A  bulky  piece  of 
wood ;  apparatus  to  measure 
the  rate  of  a  ship's  motion. 

L6g/a-rith'mi-e,       I  a.    Per- 

L6j/a-rith'mie-al,  j  taining 
to  logarithms. 

Log'a-rithm,  n.  An  auxiliary 
number  to  abridge  mathe- 
matical    calculations. 

Loj'-bdbk,  n.  Register  of  a 
ship's  way. 

L6g'ger-h5ad,  n.    A  dunce. 

Log'ie  (5),  n.  Art  of  reason- 
ing, [logic. 

L5g'i€-al,  a.      According  to 

L5g'i-e-al-ly,arf'.\  According 
to  the  rules  of  logic. 

Lo-gi'cian  (-jTsh'an),  n.  A 
person  versed  in  lo^ic. 

Lo-g6m'a~ehy,  n.  A  war  of  j 
words.  [in  dyeing.  I 

Ldg'wdbd,  n.     A  wood  used  i 

Loin,  n.  Part  of  an  animal 
just  above  the  hip  ;  reins. 

Loi'ter,  tJ.  i.  To  linger  on 
the  way.— SYN.  To  lag; 
linger  ;  saunter. 

L5I1  (1),  v.  t.  To  lie  at  ease.— 
v.  t.  To  thrust  out,  as  the 
tongue. 

Lone,  a.    Single  ;  solitary. 

Lone'li-ness,  n.  Solitude; 
want  of  company. 

Lone'ly,  a.   Solitary;  retired. 

Lone'some,  a.  Secluded  from 
society  ;  wanting  company. 

L5ng,  a.  Extended ;  pro- 
tracted ;  tedious.  —  ado  To 
a  great  extent. — v.  i.  To 
desire  earnestly. 

Longe  (lHnj),  u.    A  thrust. 

Lon-gSv'i-ty,  n.  Length  of 
life.  [sire;  eager  wish. 

Long'ing,  n.    An  earnest  de- 

L6n'gi-tude,  ft.  Distance 
from  east  to  west ;  length . 

LSn'gi-tu'di-nal,  a.  Being 
in  the  direction  of  the 
length. 

Ldng-suf'fer-ing,  n.  Pa- 
tience, [prolix 

L5ng-wind'ed,  a     Tedious ; 


Lob,  n.    A  game  at  cards. 
Ldbk,  v.  ?'.  To  behold  ;  to  ap- 
pear ;  to  search ;   to  watch 

—  n.  Cast  of  countenance  ; 
appearance  ;  view. 

LObk'ing -glass,  n.  A  glass 
that  reflects  images  ;  a  mir- 
ror. 

Loom,  n.   A  weaver's  frame. 

—  v.  i.  To  appear  above 
the  surface,  as  a  distant  ob- 
ject. 

Loon,  n.  A  simple  fellow ; 
a  kind  of  bird,      [or  string. 

Loop,  n.     A  noose  in  a  rope 

Ldop'-hole,  n.  A  small  open- 
ing in  a  wall ;  means  of  es- 
cape. 

Loose,  v.  t.  To  untie  ;  to  re- 
lease ;  to  open.  —  v.  ?'.  To 
set  sail.  —  a.  Unbound  ; 
wanton.  [wantonly. 

Loose'ly,  adv.     Negligently  ; 

Lo"bs'en  (loos'n),  *.  t.  To 
make  loose  ;  to  relax,  [flux. 

Loose'ness,    n.       Freedom : 

Lop,  v.  t.     To  cut  short. 

Lo-qua/cious,  a.  Addicted  to 
talking ;  talkative.        [ness. 

Lo-quag'i-ty,  n.  Talkative- 
Lord,  n  A  master;  ruler; 
nobleman;  God.  —  v.i.  To 
domineer  ;  to  rule  despotic- 
ally. 

Lord'li-ness,  n.  Haughtiness. 

Lord'iing,  n.    A  petty  lord. 

Lord'ly,  a.  Proud  ;  haughty. 

Lord'ship,  n.  Dominion  ;  a 
title  given  to  a  lord. 

Lore,  n.  Learning  ;  knowl- 
edge ;  erudition. 

Lorgnette  (lorn-yet/),  n.  An 
opera-glass. 

Lose  (looz),f  t  [imp.  &  p. 
p.  LOST.]  To  suffer  loss  ; 
to  miss;  to  let  slip.  —  v.  t. 
Not  to  win ;  to  incur  a  for- 
feit. 

L6ss,  n.  Privation  ;  destruc- 
tion or  ruin ;  waste. 

L6st,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Lose. 

L6t,  n.  Hazard ;  fortune ; 
state  ;  portion ;  share  ; 
chance;  afield.  —  v.  t.  To 
allot ;  to  share. 

Loth,  a.  Unwilling  ;  reluc- 
tant, [wash. 

Lo'tion,    n.        A    medicinal 


L6t'ter-y,  n.  A  distribution 
of  prizes  by  lot  or  chance. 

Loud,  a.  Noisy  ;  boisterous  ; 
vociferous.  [orously. 

Loud'ly,  adv.  Noisily  ;  clam- 

LOugh  (10k),  n.    A  lake. 

Lounge,  v.  ?'.  To  spend  time 
lazily  ;  to  loiter  ;  to  loll. 

Loung'er.  n.  An  idle  person. 

Louse  (21),  n.    An  insect. 

Lout,  n.  An  awkward  per- 
son, [of  love 

L6v'a-ble  (11),  a.    Deserving 

Lov'age,  n.  An  aromatic 
plant. 

Love  (IBv),  v.  t.  To  regard 
with  affection.  — n.  An  af- 
fection excited  by  beauty,  or 
whatever  is  pleasing. —  SYN. 
Attachment :  foudness. 

Love'-feast,  n.  A  religious 
festival. 

L6ve'-kn5t  (InVnot),  n.  A 
knot  emblematical  of  love. 

Love'-let'ter,  n.  A  letter  of 
courtship.  * 

Love'li-ness,  n.  Qualities 
that  excite  love;  gentle 
beauty.  [amiable. 

Love'ly,  a.     "Worthy  of  love  ; 

Lov'er,  n.    One  who  loves. 

Love'-sick,  a.  Languishing 
through  love. 

L6ve'-s6ng,  n.  A  song  ex- 
pressing love,    [or  kindness. 

Lov'ing,  a.     Expressing  love 

Lov'ing-kmd'ness,  n.  Ten- 
der regard  ;  mercy  ;  favor. 

Low,  a.  Deep ;  not  high ; 
humble  ;  poor ;  cjjeap  ; 
mean. — adv.  With  a  low 
voice  ;  cheaply.  —  v.  i.  To 
bellow  as  an  ox. 

Low'-bred,  a.     Bred  in  low 
|      condition  ;  vulgar  ;  rude. 

Low'er  (lo'er),  v.  t.  or  i.     To 
|      let  down  ;  to  sink. 
j  Low'er  (lou'er),  v.  i.     To  ap- 
|      pear  dark  ;  to  threaten. 
i  Low'er-most,    a.      Lowest ; 

deepest. 
I  Low'ei'-y       (lou'er-y),        a. 
[      Cloudy  ;  threatening  rain. 

Low'land,  n.    Land  low  and 
I      flat ;  a  low,  level  country. 
j  Low'H-ness,  n.     State  of  be- 
j      ing  low  or  lowly  ;  humility. 

Low'ly,  a.    Humble  ;  meek  ; 


5,  G,  I,  o,  ti,  y,  long ;  a,  8,  I,  o,  u,  y ,  short ;  euro,  car,  ask,  jjU,  what ;  Gre,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm  ; 


LOWNESS 

mean.  —  adv.      Humbly  ; 
meekly 

Low'ness,  n.    Depression. 

Low-spir'it-ed,  a.    Dejected. 

Low'-wmcs,  11.  pi.  The  first 
run  of  the  still. 

Loy'al,  a.  Faithful  to  the 
lawful  government,  to  a 
lover,  or  to  a  friend 

Loy'al-ly,  adv.  With  fidelity. 

Loy'al-ty,  n     Fidelity 

Loz'enge,  n.  A  rhomb  ; 
a  diamond-shaped  fig- 
ure ;  a  small  cake  of 
sugar. 

Lub'ber,  n.  A  heavy, 
lazy  fellow  ;  a  gawky     Loz- 

Lub'ber-ly,  a.  Bulky  ;  tuoe- 
lazy  ;  awkward 

Lu'bri-eate,  v.  t.  To  make 
smooth  or  slippery. 

Lu-brlc/i-ty,  n.  Smoothness. 

Lu'bri-eous,  a.  Slippery. 

Lu'Qid,  a.  Clear;  shining; 
transparent. 

Lu'gid-ness,  n.  Clearness  ; 
transparency. 

Lu'gi-fer,  n.  The  planet  Ye- 
nus  when  morning  star ; 
Satan. 

Luck'less,  a.    Unfortunate. 

Luck  (5),  it:  Chance;  acci- 
dent ;  fortune  ;  fate. 

Luck'i-ly,  adv.  By  good 
chance;  fortunately. 

Liick'y,  a.  Fortunate  ;  fa- 
vored by  luck 

Lu'cra-tive,  a.  Profitable; 
gainful.,  [gain. 

Lu'-ercflu'ker, 29), n.  Profit; 

Lu'cu-brate,  *.  i.  To  study 
by  candle  light  or  a  lamp. 

Lu'eU'bration,  ».  Noctur- 
nal study. 

Lu'eu-lent,  a.  Clear  ;  bright; 
evident. 

La'di-erous,  a.  Exciting 
laughter  —  Sv\.  Laugh- 
able ;  ridiculous. 

Lu/di-crous-ly,  adv.  In  a 
ludicrous  manner. 

Luff(l),  n.  Side  of  a  ship  to- 
ward the  wind. — v.  t.  To 
turn  the  head  of  a  ship  to- 
ward the  wind. 

Lug,  v.  t.  To  carry  with 
labor  —  n  A  heavy  load  ; 
a  kind  cf  sail. 


161 

Lug'gage,  n.  A  traveler's 
trunks,  &c. 

Lu-gu'bri-cus,  a.  Mourn- 
ful,        [warm  ;  indifferctft. 

Luke'warm,  a.    Moderately 

Luke'warm-ness,  n.  Want 
of  zeal ;  indifference. 

Lull  (l),f-  t.  or  i  To  put  to 
rest ;  to  quiet ;  to  sulfide. 

Lull'a-by,  n.  A  song  to  quiet 
infants. 

Lum-ba'go,  n.  A  rheumatic 
pain  in  the  small  of  the 
back.  [.the  loins. 

Lum'bar,  a.     Pertaining  to 

Lum'ber,  n.  Things  useless 
and  cumbrous  ;  sawed  tim- 
ber.—  v.t.  To  heap  care- 
lessly together. 

Lum'ber-rdbm,  n.  A  place 
for  useless  things. 

Lu'mi-na-ry,  n.  Any  body 
that  gives  light. 

Lu'mi-nous,  a.  Shining  ; 
bright ;  light ;  clear. 

Lump,  n.  A  small,  shapeless 
mass.  — v.  t.  To  throw  iuto 
a  mass  ;  to  take  in  the  gross. 

Lump'ish,  a.  Bulky  ;  stupid. 

Lump'y,  a.   Full  of  lumps. 

Lu'na-gy,«.  Mental  derange- 
ment ;  madness  in  general. 

Lu'nar,       I  a.    Pertaining  to 

Lu'na-ry,  J      the  moon. 

Lu-na'ri-an  n.  An  inhabi- 
tant of  the  moon. 

Lu'na-li-e,  a.  Affected  with 
lunacy. —  n.  A  person  whose 
insanity  is  supposed  to  be 
inlluenced  by  the  moon. 

Lu-na'tion,  n.  Revolution  of 
the  moon  about  the  earth. 

Lunch,  n.  Food  taken  be- 
tween breakfast  and  dinner ; 
an  eating-house. 

Lunch 'con  (-un),  n.  Food 
taken  between  any  meals. 

Lu-nctte',  n.  A  detached 
bastion. 

Liuig,n.  Organ  of  respiration 
in  air-breathing  animals. 

Lunge,  n.     A  sudden  thrust. 

Lu'nu-lar,    )  a.    Shaped  like 

Lu'nu-late,  )     a  new  moon. 

Lu'pinc,  n.  A  plant  with 
showy  llowers. 

Lurch,  n.  A  sudden  roll  cf  a 
ship  ;  deserted  condition.  — 


LUXURIOUSLY 

v.  i.     To  roll  to  one  side ; 
to  dodge  ;  to  play  tricks. 

Lure,  n.  That  which  allures. 
—  v.  t.  To  entice ;  to  attract. 

Lu'rid,  a.     Gloomy  ;  dismal. 

Lurk,  c.  t.  To  lie  close  or  out 
of  sight.  [place. 

Lurk'ing-plage,  n.  A  hiding- 

Lus'cious  (lush/us),  a  Sweet 
or  rich,  so  as  to  cloy. 

Lust,  n.  Carnal  appetite. — 
v.  i.  To  desire  eagerly  or 
improperly. 

Lus'ter  I  (29),  n.  Brightness; 

Lus'tre  )      a  kind  of  lamp. 

Lust'ful,  a.  Having  irregular 
or  evil  desires.  [ly. 

Lust'i-ly,  adv.  Stoutly  ;  bold- 

Lus'tral,  a.  Used  in,  or  per- 
taining to,  purification. 

Lus'trate,  v.t.    To  purify. 

Lus-tra'tion,  n.  Purification. 

Lus'tring,  ».  A  kind  of  glossy 
silk  cloth. 

Lus'trous,  a.  Bright;  shin- 
ing ;  luminous. 

Lust'y,  a.  Able  of  body  ;  full 
of  vigor  ;  hearty ;  robust. 

Lute,  a.  Instru- 
ment of  music ; 
a  com po5ition  re- 
sembling clay. 

Liite'string,  n. 
String  of  a  lute  ; 
a  plain,  stout 
kind  of  silk.  ■Lut0> 

Lufther-an,  a.  Pertaining  to 
Luther.  [dow. 

Lu'thcrn,  n.    A  dormer-wia- 

Lux'atc,  v.  t.    To  dislocate. 

Lux-a/tion,  n.  Dislocation  of 
a  joint. 

Lux-u'ri-ancc  (loga-yg'-  or 
luks-yjj'-),  n.  llank  or  vig- 
orous growth ;  exuberance. 

Luz-u/ri-ant  (lugz-yij'-  or 
luks-yij'-),  a.  Exuberant  in 
growth. 

Lux-ii'ri-ate  (lugz-yi;'-  or 
luks-yi}'-),  v.  i.  To  grow  ex- 
uberantly ;  to  live  luxurious- 
ly ;  to  delight  exceedingly. 

Lux-u'ri-ous  (lugz-yi;'-  or 
luks-yu'-).  a.  Given  to  lux- 
ury ;  voluptuous. 

Lux-u'ri-ous-ly  (Ingz-  or 
luks-),  adv.  Voluptuously; 
exuberantly. 


;  robust. 

d 


on,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took ;  firn,  r;je,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  e,  g,  liard;  &< ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  thLs. 


LUXURY 

Lux'u-ry  (luk'shij-ry),  n. 
Excess  in  eating,  or  dress, 
&c.  —  SYN.  Voluptuous- 
ness ;  effeminacy  ;  sensual- 
ity ;  delicacy. 

Ly-ge'um,  n.  An  association 
for  literary  improvement,  or 
the  place  where  it  meets  ;  a 
seminary. 


162 

Lye,  n.  A  solution  of  alkaline 
salt. 

Lymph,  n.  A  certain  color- 
less animal  fluid. 

Lym-phat'i-e,  a.  Pertaining 
to  lymph.  —  n.  A  vein-like 
vessel,  in  vertebrate  ani- 
mals, containing  a  trans- 
parent fluid. 


MAGNIFIER 

Lynx,    n.      A    wild   animal, 

much  like  a  cat. 
Lyre,  n.    A  stringed 

instrument  of  niu- 


Lyr'i-e,       |  a.     Per- 
Lyr'ie-al, )    taining 

to  a  lyre. —  n.     A 

song. 


Lyre. 


M. 


MA-G-AD'AM-IZE,  v.  t. 
To  form  or  cover,  as  a 
road,  with  small,  broken 
stones. 

Mae'a-ro'ni,  n.  A  food  made 
of  paste  ;  a  fop  ;  an  exqui- 
site. 

Mae'a-rSn'ie.n.  Relating  to, 
or  like,  a  macaroni. 

Mae'-ea-boy,  n.  Rose-fla- 
vored snuff. 

Ma-eaw',  n.  A 
bird  allied  to  the 
parrots. 

Mage,  n.  An  en- 
sign of  authori- 
ty ;  a  kind  of 
spice. 

Mac/er-ate,  v.  t. 

lean  ;  to  steep  till  very  soft. 

Mac/er-a/tion,  ».  Act  of 
making  lean,  or  of  steeping 
till  very  soft.  [to  plot. 

Maeh'i-nate,  V.  t.     To  plan  ; 

Maeh/i-na'tion,  n.  A  hos- 
tile or  treacherous  scheme. 
—  Syn.  Plot;  contrivance  ; 
stratagem  ;  intrigue. 

Ma-chine'  (-sheen'),  n.  An 
engine ;  a  piece  of  mechan- 
ism. 

Ma-Qhin'er-y,  n.  Works  of  a 
machine:  machines  collect- 
ively.     »         [of  machines. 

Ma-<jhm'ist,n.  A  constructor 

Mack'er-el,  n.  A  sea-fish 
much  used  for  food. 

Ma/-ero-e6§m,  or  Ma-e'-ero- 

-CO§m,  n.     The  universe- 
Mad,  a.     Disordered;  crazy; 
enraged;  angry. 


Mad'am,  n.  A  form  of  ad- 
dress to  a  lady. 

Mad'-eap,  n.  A  rash,  hot- 
headed fellow.      [come  bad. 

Mad'den,  v.    To  make  or  be- 

Mad'der,  n.  A  plant  used  for 
dyeing  red. 

Made,  imp.  &  p.p.  of  Make. 

Ma-dei'ra  (or  -da'ra),  n.  A 
wine  made  in  Madeira. 

Mad'house,  n.  A  house 
where  crazy  persons  are  con- 
fined. 

Mad'ly,  adv.  In  a  mad  way. 

Mad'man,n.  An  insane  man. 

Mad'ness,  n.  State  of  being 
mad  ;  extreme  folly. 

Ma-don'na,  n.  The  Virgin 
Mary  or  her  picture,  [corals. 

Mad're-pore,  n.    A  genus  of 

Mad'ri-gal,  n.  An  elaborate 
vocal  composition  in  parts. 

Mag-a-zine'  (-zeen'),  *.  A 
storehouse  ;  a  pamphlet  pe- 
riodically published. 

Mag'got,  n.  A  worm  from 
winch  a  fly  is  produced. 

Mag'got-y,  a.  Full  of  mag- 
gots ;  whimsical. 

Ma'gl,  n  pi.  Eastern  phi- 
losophers. 

Ma'gi-an,  n.  An  Eastern 
philosopher  or  sage. 

Mag'ie  (5),  n.  A  dealing  with 
Spirits  ;  enchantment  ;  sor- 
cery ;  witchcraft. 

Mag'ie,       I  a.  1'ertaining  to, 

Mag'le-al,  1  or  produced 
by,  magic. 

Ma-gi'cian  (-jish/an),  n.  One 
skilled  in  magic. 


Mag'is-te'ri-al,  a.  Lofty  ; 
authoritative  ;  imperious. 

Mag'is-te'ri-al-ly,  adv.  With 
the  air  of  a  master. 

Mag'is-tra-gy,  n.  Office  of 
a  magistrate ;  a  body  of 
magistrates. 

Mag'is-trate,  n.  One  invested 
with  power  as  a  public  civil 
officer. 

Mag'na  £har'ta  (kiir'-)- 
The  great  charter  of  English 
rights 

Mag'na-nfm'i-ty,  w.  Great- 
ness cf  mil  d  ;  generosity. 

Mag-nan'i-mous,  a  Great 
in  mind  ;  of  lofty  spirit. 

Mag-nan'i-mous-ly,  adv. 
Nobly  ;  bravely. 

Mag'nate,  n.  A  man  of  note 
or  distinction. 

Mag'net,  ».  The  londstone, 
an  ere  which  attracts  iron. 

Mag-net'ie,       la       Having 

Mag-net'ie-al,  (  the  proper- 
ties of  the  magnet ;  attract- 
ive 

Mag'net-ism,  n  Properties 
of  the  niagnet  ;  attraction. 

Mag'net-Ize,  v.'t  or  i  To 
give  or  receive  the  proper- 
tics  of  the  magnet ;  to  in- 
fluence or  be  influenced. 

Mag-mf'i-e,  a.  Great;  noble. 

Mag-nif  i-cence,  »  Grand- 
eur. 

Mag-mf'i-cent,  a  Splendid  ; 
grand  ;  imposing. 

Mag-nif  i-gent-ly,  adv.  In  a 
magnificent  manner 

Mag'ni-fi'er  (13),   n.     One 


a,  H,  i,o  ,n7y,  long;  a,e,  I,  5,u,  f, short;  care, car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ore,  vgil,  term  ;  p'i'que,  firm; 


MAGNIFY 


163 


MANFULLY 


who,  or  that  which,  magni-  number  ;  full  age  ;  rank  of  a 

fies.                                 [.great.  major. 

MaT'ni-fy,  v.   t.      To  make  Make,  v.  t.   [imp.    &  p.  p. 

Ma^-nil'o-quenge,  n.   High-  MADE.]    To  create  ;  to  pro- 

so^inding  language.  duce  ;  to  form  ;  to  compel  ; 

Mag-nil'o-quent,   a.      Bom-  to  cause  to  be;  to  gain. — 

bastic.  V.  i.  To  tend;  tocontribute  ; 

Mag'ni-tiide,    n.     Greatness  to   increase.  —  n.      Form  ; 

of    size    or    importance.  —  structure.             [or  creates. 

Syn.  Largeness  ;  bulk.  Mak'er,  n.     One  who  forms 

Mag-no'li-a,  n.  A  tree'having  Mal'a-ehite,  n.     A  beautiful 

large,  fragrant  flowers.  ore  of  copper,  usually  green. 

Mag'pte,  ».    A  bird  allied  to  Mal'ad-min'is-tra'tion,    n. 

the  crow.  Bad  management  of  affairs. 

Ma-h6g'a-ny,  n.  A  hard  wood  Mal'a-dy,  n.     Sickness  ;  dis- 

of  a  red  lish-brown  color.  ease  ;  bodily  ailment. 

Ma-li6m'e-tan.   See  Moliam-  Mal'a-p5rt,  a.  Bold  ;  saucy. 

medan.  Ma-la'ri-a,   n.     Noxious  ex- 
Maid,  n.  A  young,  unmarried  halation.                     [tented. 

woman.  Mal'-eon-tent',    a.      Dlsoon- 

Maid'en,»i.  A  young,  unmar-  Male,   a.     Belonging  to  the 

ried  woman  ;  a  virgin.  —  a.  male  sex.  — n.     One  of  the 

Fresh  ;  pure  ;  virgin.  sex  that  begets  young. 

Maid'en-hair,   n.     A  plant  MaPe-di-e'tion,  n.    A  curse. 

having  slender  stalks.  Mal'e-fa-e'tor,  n.    One  guilty 

Maid'en-ly,  a.  Modest.  of  a  crime  ;  a  felon  ;  a  con- 

Maid'-serv'ant,  n.    A  serv-  vict. 

ant-girl.  Ma-lev'o-lence,  n.  Ill-will. 

Mail,  it.     A  coat  of  steel ;  ar-  Ma-lev'o-ient,    a.        IU-dis- 

mor ;   a  bag  for  conveying  posed. 

letters,  —v.  t.  (18)    To  put  Mal-fea'§ance,  n.  Evil  doing. 

in  the  mail ;  to  post ;  to  arm.  Mal'icje,  n.  Unprovoked  spite. 
Mail'-eoach,  n.  A  coach  that  Ma-li'cious  (-lish'us),  a.   Ill- 
conveys  a  mail,      [mutilate.  disposed. 
Maim,  v.  t.    To  disable  ;   to  Ma-li'cious-ly        (-lish'us-), 
Main,  a.    Chief ;  principal. —  adv.    With  malice. 

n.     Strength;   chief  part  ;  Ma-lign'  (-lhV),  v.  t.    To  tra- 

the  ocean  ;  continent.  duce  ;  to  slander  ;  to  vilify. 

Main'-land,  n.  A  continent.  — a.    Malicious. 

Main'ly,  adv.   Chiefly  ;  prin-  Ma-lig'nan-Qy,  n.      Malice  ; 

cipally  ;  greatly,      [a  vessel.  malevolence  ;  virulence 

Main'mast,  n.  Chief  mast  in  Ma-llg'nant,  a.     Malicious; 

Main'sail,  n.   Principal  sail.  |      dangerous  to  life. 

Main-tain',  v.  t.     To   keep ;  Ma-Hg'ni-ty,  n.    Extreme  or 

to  preserve  ;  to  support  with  virulent  enmity  ;  malice. 


food  ;  to  uphold. 
Main'te-nange,  n.    Support. 
Maize,  n.    Indian  com. 
Ma-,]es'ti€,       I  a.      Stately  ; 
Ma-jes'ti-e-al,  )     august. 


Mal'i-son  (-zn),  n.  Cur-e. 
Mall  (1),  n.     A  kind  of  ham- 
mer.—  r.  t.     To   beat  with 
something  heavy. 
I  Mall  (mil),  n.  A  public  walk 


I  Malm'sey  (m'.im'zy),  "•  A 
j      sort  of  grape  and  wine. 

Mal-prae'tige,  n.  Profession- 
al misconduct  of  a  physi- 
cian. 

Malt,  n.  Grain  steeped  and 
i  dried  for  use  in  brewing.  — 
I      v.  i.    To  become  malt. 

Mal-treat',  *.  t.  To  treat  ill. 

Mal-treat'ment,  n.  lli-treat- 
|      ment  ;  abuse.  [duct. 

Mal'ver-sa'tion,  n.  Evil  con- 
!  Mam-ma',  n.  Mother  ;  a 
word  used  by  children. 

Mam'mal,  n.  An  animal 
|      that  suckles  its  young. 

Mam-mif'er-ous,ix.  Nourish- 
ing by  breasts. 

Mam'mil-la-ry,  a.  Belonging 
|      to  the  breasts.  [wealth. 

Mam'mon,     n.  Bichcs  ; 

Mam'moth,  n.  A  huge  quad- 
ruped now  extinct. 

Man  (21),  n.  The  human 
race  ;  an  adult  male.  —  v.  t. 
To  furnish  with  men. 

Man'a-ele,  v.  t.  To  shackle 
the  hands  of. 

Man'a-eles,  n.  pi.  Shackles 
for  the  hands  ;  handcuffs. 

Man 'age,  v.  t.  To  conduct ; 
to  transact  ;  to  hus-band.  — 
v.  i.     To  direct  affairs. 

Mjin4age-a-ble  (11),  a.    Ca- 

/pabTe  of  being  managed. 

uMan'age-mcnt,  n.  Conduct. 

Man'a-ger,  n.  A  conductor  ; 
an  economist.  [writ. 

Man-da'mus.  n.    A  kind  of 

Man'da-rm.  n  A  Chinese 
public  officer.       [command. 

Man 'date,    n.       An   official 

Man'da-to-ry,a  Containing 
a  command.         [lower  jaw. 

Man'di-ble,  n.    The  jaw  or 


Maj'es-ty,   /i.     Exalted  dig-    Mal'le-a-bil'i-ty,  n.    Suscep- 


nity  ;    grandeur  ;   title  of 

king  or  queen. 
Ma'jor,  a.    Greater  ;  elder.  —  ' 

n.     A  military  officer  next  j 

above  a  captain.         » 
Ma/.ior-do'mo,  n.  A  steward. 


tibility  of  extension  by  beat 

ing. 
Mal'le-a-ble,  a.     Capable  of 

being  extended  by  beating. 
Mal'let,  n.  A  kind  of  wooden 

hammer 


Man'drel,  n.     A  turner's  in- 
!      strument. 

;  Mane  (18),  n     Long  hair  on 
j      the  neck  of  a  beast. 
'  Ma-nege'(ma-nazh'),  n.    Art 
of  horsemanship.        [souls 
j  Ma'nes,    n.   pi         Departed 
j  Ma-neu'ver  I  (29),  n.  Evolu- 
Ma-ncfcu'vre  I     tion  ;  strata- 
gem, --v.    t.       To    manage 
with  address.  [stout. 

Man'ful,  a.      Bold  ;     brave  ; 
Man'f lil-ly,  adv    Like  a  man. 


Ma-j6r'i-ty,  n.     The  greater  j  Mal'low,  n.  A  plant. 

66n,  or,  do,  wolf,  to"o,  t6"ok  ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c ,  g,  soft ;  «,  g,  hard ;  a<  ;  exist ;  a  as  ng ;  this. 


MANGANESE 

Man/ga-nese',  n.  A  Tery 
hard  and  refractory  metal. 

M^nge,  n.  The  irch  on  cattle. 

Man'ged-wur'zel,  n.  A  plant 
ot'tue  beet  kind. 

Man'ger,  n.  An  eating- 
trough  for  cattle. 

Man'gle,  v.  t.  To  cutroughly  j 
or  coarsely  ;  to  mutilate ;  to 
smooth,  as  linen. — n.  Acal-j 
ender  for  smoothing  linen.    | 

Man/go  (18),  n.  A  pickled  i 
muskmclon.  [tree,  j 

Man'grdve,   n.      A   tropical  j 

Man'gy,  a.  Scabby ,  as  a  beast.  I 

Man'nd&d, ».   Adult  years  in  \ 

Ma'ni-a,  n.    Madness,  [men. 

Ml'ni-ac  (5),  n.   A  madman.  | 

Ma-nPa-e-al,  a.  Raving ;  mad.  . 

Man'i-fsst,  a.  Not  concealed,  \ 
obscure,  or  difficult.  —  Syn. 
Clear  ;    plain ;     obvious.  — 
p.  t.     To  make  known.  —  n. 
An  invoice  of  a  cargo. 

Man-i/fes-ta/tion,  a.  Exhi- 
bition ;  display ;  revelation. 

Man'i-fest-ly,  adv.  Evident- 
ly ;  clearly. 

Man'i-fSs'to,  n.  {pi  Man'i- 
fSs'tccs,  18.)  A  public  dec- 
laration. 

Man'i-f Did,  a.  Many;  diverse. 

Man'i-kin,  n.  A  dwarf;  a 
model  of  a  man. 

Mr/ni-Sc,  n.  The  plant  from 
which  tapioca  is  made. 

Ma-nrp'u-latc,r.  *.  To  treat 
or  labor  with  the  hands. 

Ma-nip'u-la'tiorijn.  Manual 
operation.  [race. 

Man-kind',  n.      The  human 

Man'ii-ness,  n.  Quality  of 
being  manly. 

Minly,  «■■  Having  the  attri- 
butes of  a  man  ;  brave. 

Man'na.  n.  A  sweetish  secre- 
tion from  many  trees. 

Man'ncr,  n.  Form  ;  way  ; 
mode  ;  air  or  mien.  —  pi. 
deportment. 

Man'ncr-ism,  n.  Studied 
uniformity  of  manner. 

Man'ner-ly,  a.  Civil ;  decent. 

Ma-nocu'vre  (ma-nu'ver) 
Fee  Maneuver.  [sol. 

Man'-of-war',  n.  A  war  fes- 

Man'or,  n. '  A  lord's  estate  in 
lands. 


1G4 

Ma-no'ri-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
a  manor. 

Manse,  a.  A  parsonage- 
house;  a  farm,     [ing-hou^c. 

Man'sion,  n.     A  large  dwell- 

Man'slaugh-ter  (-slaw-),  n. 
The  killing  of  a  person  in 
passion,  without  malice. 

Man'tel,«.  The  piece  of  tim- 
ber or  stone  over  the  fire- 
place, [worn  by  women. 

Man'te-let',  n.   A  small  cloak 

Man-til'ia  (18),  n.  A  light 
covering  to  throw  over  a 
lady's  dress. 

Man'tle,  n.  A  looscgarment 
or  cloak  ;  a  cover.  —  v.  To 
cloak  ;  to  cover  ;  to  r  uffuse. 

Man'tu-a  (or  man'tu),  n.  A 
woman's  gown. 

Man'tua-mak'cr  (mSn'tu-), 
n.  A  dress-maker. 

Man'u-al,  a.  Performed  by 
the  hand.  —  ft.  A  small 
book. 

MaiVu-fac'to-ry,  n.  A  place 
•where  goods  arc  made. 

Man'u-fact'urc,  n.  Any 
thing  made  by  the  hand  cr 
by  machinery. — v.  t.  To 
form  by  the  hand  cr  by  art 
into  forms  convenient  for 
use.        [who  manufactures. 

MaiVu-fact'ur-cr,  n.      One 

Man/u-mic'Eicii  (-misk'un), 
Act  cf  freeing  slavc3. 

Man'u-mii/,  t>.  t.  To  release 
from  slavery. 

Ma-nure' ,  n .  Any  thing  that 
fertilizes  land. — v.  t.  To 
apply  fertilizing  substances 
to.  [ing  done  by  hand. 

Man'u-s-crlpt,  n.     Any  v.rit- 

Ma'ny  (men'y),  a.  Numer- 
ous. —  n .  A  great  number. 

Map,  «.  A  delineation  of  the 
earth  or  any  part  of  it.  — 
v.  t.  To  draw  or  delineate. 

Ma'ple,  n.  A  certain  tree. 

Mar  (7),  v.  t.  To  hurt;  to 
impair. 

Mar'a-nath'a,  or  Mar'a- 
na'tha.  n.    A  curse. 

Ma-ras'muo,  n.  A  wasting 
of  flesh  without  fever. 

Ma-raud',  r.  i.  To  rove  for 
plunder.' 

Ma-raud'er,  n.   A  plunderer. 


MARQUETRY 

Mar'ble.n.     A  kind  of  calca- 
|      reous  stone,  cr  any    thing 
made  of  it.  —  v.  t.     To  vein 
or  variegate  like  marble. 

March,  n.     The  third  month 
of  the  year ;  regulated  movc- 
'      ment  of  troops ;  a  proces- 
sion. —  v.  i.     To  move  in 
military  order.        [confines. 

March'cs,  n.  pi.  Borders; 
'  Mar^h'icn-ess  (mur'shuii-) 
j  n.  The  wife  of  a  marquis. 
'  Mare,  n.  Female  of  the  horre. 
;  Milr'gin,n.  An  edge;  border. 
|  Mar'gin-al,  a.  Placed  in  tho 
i      margin. 

Mar'i-gSld,  n.  A  plant  hav- 
,      ing  a  yellow  flower. 

Ma-r'inc',  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  sea.  — n.  A  soldier  do- 
ing duty  iu  a  ship  ;  the  navy; 
shipping. 

Mar'i-ner,  n.  A  seaman  ;  a 
i     sailor.  [husband. 

T.Iar'i-tal,  a.    Pertaining  to  a 

Liar'i-tlinc,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  sea  ;  marine;  nautical. 

Miir'jo-ram,  n.    A  plant. 

Mark,  n.  A  coin  ;  a  token  ; 
indication;  note. — t?.  t.  To 
draw  a  mark  upon  ;  to  write 
on ;  to  note  ;  to  observe. 

Milrk'ct,  n.  A  place  or  time 
of  sale  ;  emporium.  —  v.  i. 
(8)  To  deal  in  market. 

Mark'ct-a-blc,  a.  Fit  for 
market  or  sale. 

Marfcs'Ea&n  (£1),  n.  A  man 
skillful  in  shooting. 

Marl,  n.     A  species  of  earth. 

Marl'y,  a.  Consisting  in, 
like,  or  abounding  with, 
marl.  [two  strands. 

Marline,  n.    A  small  line  of 

Mar'ma-lade,  n.  A  preserve 
made  of  quinces,  or  apples, 
&c,  boiled  with  sugar. 

Mar-mc're-an,  a.  Pertaining 
to  marble.  [monkey 

Mar'ino-set',  n     A  kind  cf 

Ma-rdbn\  >i.  A  free  black  on 
the  AVes    India  mountains. 

Marque -nark),  n.    A  licence 

to  make  reprisal  at  sea  on 

;uy.  [field-tent. 

Mar-^nce'  (-ke').  n.    A  largo 

Mar'quet-ry  (-ket-),  n.  In- 
laid  work  of  shells.  &c. 


a,  8,  i,  6,  Q,  y,  long ;  i,  6,  T, 6,  li,  y,  short ;  care,  car,ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  t<~rm ;  pTque,  firm  | 


MARQUIS 

Mar'quis  (-kwis),  n.  A  title 
of  uobiliry. 

Mlir'quis-ate,  n.  Dignity  or 
lordship  of  a  marquis. 

M&r'ria&e  (maVry),  n.  State 
cr  condition  of  being  mar- 
ried. —  Syn.     Matrimony. 

Mir'rlage-a-ble  (11).  a.  Of 
a  fit  age  to  be  married- 

Mar 'row,  n.  A  soft  substance 
in  bones ;  essence  of  a  thing. 

Mar'row-fat,  n.  A  large,  de- 
licious pea. 

Mar'ry,  V.  To  join  or  be 
joined  in  wedlock. 

Marsh  (18),  n.  Low,  wet 
ground . 

Mar'shal,  n.  Chief  military 
commander ;  a  civil  officer  ; 
one  who  directs  processions  : 
&c. — v.  «.'(8)  To  arrange 
in  due  order. 

Marsh'y,  a.     Wet  ;  boggy. 

Mart,  n.  A  place  of  public 
sale;  market;  emporium. 

MLir'tcn,  n.  An  animal  allied 
to  the  weasel ;  a  martin. 

Mlir'tial,  a.     Warlike  ;  bold. 

Mlir'tin,  n.  A  bird  of  the 
swallow  kind,     [eiplinarian. 

M2r'tl-ri3t,  n.    A  strict  dis- 


165 

Mas'lin,  n.  Different  sorts  of 
grain  mixed. 

Ma'son  (mu'sn),  n.  An  artif- 
icer in  bricks  and  stone. 

Ma-son'i-e  a.  Pertaining  to 
masonry. 

Ma/scn-ry,  n.  Work  of  a 
mason;  craft  of  freemasons. 

Mas'quer-ade'  (-kcr-),  ??.  A 
nocturnal  assembly  of  per- 
sons in  disguise. —  v.i.  To 
assemble  in  masks. 

Mass  (2),  n.  A  lump;  an  as- 
semblage ;  bulk  ;  a  Roman 
Catholic  service. 

Ma3'sa-ere(-ker,29),n.  Pro- 
miscuous slaughter. — 1\  t. 
To    kill    promiscuously    or 
.With  cruelty. 
!  Mass'i-ness,      )  n.       Bulk  ; 

Mass'ive-ness, j  ponder- 
ousness. 

Mass'ive,  I  a.  Bulky  ;  heavy  ; 

M&SS'y,     )      ponderous. 

Mast.  n.  An  upright  pole  or 
timber  for  sails,  &c,  in  a 
vessel ;  nuts  ;  acorns. 

Mas'ter,  n.  A  ruler  ;  a  su- 
perior ;  a  proprietor ;  a 
teacher;  a  chief. — v.t.  To 
conquer ;  to  subdue. 


Mlir'liii-mas  (17),  n.    Fcsti-    Mas'ter-key  (-ks),  n.    A  key 


vr.l  of  St.  Martin,  Nov.  11 
Martin-gal,  n.    A  strap  to 

hold   down  the  head  of  a 

horse. 
MLiri'let,  n.     A  martin. 
Mar'tyr,  n.     One  who  is  put 

to  death   for  the   truth.  — 

v.  t.    To  make  a  martyr  of; 

to  torment.  [of  a  martyr. 
Mlir'fcyr-dom,  n.  The  death 
Mlir'tyr-61'o-gist,   n. 

historian  of  martyrs 


that  opens  many  locli 
Mas'ter-ly,   a.     Becoming  a 

master ;  "most  excellent. 
Mas'ter-piege,  n.    A  capital 

performance. 
Mas'ter-y,   n.       Superiority. 

—  Syn.     Rule  ;  dominion. 
Mas'ti-cate,  v.  t.      To  chew. 
Mas'ti-ca'tion,   n       Act  of 

chewing 
An    Mas'ti€,  n.    A  resin  from  a 

tree. 


Mar'tyr-oi'o-gy.n.    History  j  Mas'tiff ,  n.     A 

of  martyrs.  I      larce      variety 

Mar'vcl(3),  v.  i.  To  be  struck  !      of  dog. 

with  surprise;  to  wonder. —  .  Mas'to-don.    n.       Mastiff. 

n.  A  wonder  ;  a  prodigy.       j      An   animal   resembling   the 
M  -r'vcl-ous,  a.  Wonderful,    j      elephant,  now  extinct. 
Mas'cu-llne,  a.     Male;  like    Mat,  »■     A  texture  of  rushes, 

a  man  ;  not  effeminate.  i      husks,  straw,  &c. — v.t.  To 

Mash,   n.         A    mixture    of  j      weave  into  a  mat;   to  twist 

things  :  bran  and  water.  —  '      together. 

v,  t.  To  bruise  into  a  soft    Match  (18),   n.     A   contest ; 

m:iss;  to  crush.  j      an  equal;  marriage  ;  some- 

Maok,  n.      A   cover   for   the  :      thine;   to   take   fire.  —  v.    t. 

face. — v.t.     To  disguise.      I      To  pair  ;  to  suit ;  to  marry. 


MATRON 

Match'less,   a.     Havm,;   *w> 

equal  ;  peerless;  unequt.td. 

Match'lock,  n.      A  musket 

fired  by  means  of  a  match. 
Mate,  n.    A  companion  ;  sec- 
ond officer  of  a  vessel. —  v.  I. 
To  match;  to  compete  with. 

Ma-te'ri-al,  a.  Consisting  of 
matter ;  bodily  ;  of  conse- 
quence ;  weighty. —  n.  Sub- 
stance of  which  any  thing 
is  made.        [of  materialists. 

Ma-te'ri-al-Tsm,  n.  Doctrine 

Ma-te'ri-al  -1st,  n.  One  who 
denies  the  existence  of  spir- 
itual substances. 

Ma-te'ri-al'i-ty,  n.  Material 
existence. 

Ma-to'ri-al-ly,  adv.  In  a 
state  of  matter;  essentially. 

Ma-ter'lial,  a.     Motherly. 

Ma-ter'ni-ty,  *.  Character, 
or  relation,  of  a  mother. 

Math'c-mat'ie,       (  a.  Relat- 

Math'e-mat'i-e-al,  )  ing  or 
according  to  mathematics. 

Math'c-mat'i-c-al-ly,  adv. 
By  mathematics. 

Malh'e-ma-ti'cian  (-tlsh'- 
an),  n.  One  versed  in 
mathematics. 

Math'e-mat'ies,  n.  sing. 
The  science  of  quantity  or 
of  magnitude  and  number. 

Mat'in,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 
morning. 

Mat'ins,  n.  pi.  Morning 
worship  or  service,     [vessel. 

Mat'rass,    n.      A  chemical 

Ma/tricc,  or  Mat'rlce,  n.  A 
mold  "for  castings.       [mold. 

Ma/trix,  n.     The  won.b  ;   a 

Mat'ri-c,ide,  n.  The  murder 
or  murderer  of  a  mother. 

Ma-tri-e'u-late,  v.  t.  To  ad- 
mit to  membership,  as  in  a 
college 

Ma-tri-e'u-late,  v.  One  en- 
tered in  a  college,  &.c. 

Ma-tn-cu-la'tion,  n.    Act  of 
|      admitting  to  membership. 

Mat'ri-mo'ni-al.  a.   1'ertain- 
1      ing  to  marriage;  connubial. 

Mat'ri-rnony,' «.  Marriage; 
wedlock  ;  the  nuptial  state. 
\  Ma'tron,  n.  An  elderly  wom- 
j  an  ;  a  wife  ;  a  nurse  in  a  hos- 
I      pital. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  to~o,  tdbk  ;  flrn,  rije,  pyll ;  c,  g,  soft;  -c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng 


this. 


MATRONAL 


16G 


MEDITATE 


Mat'ron-al,  or  Ma'tron-al, 
a.  Grave  ;  motherly. 

Ma/tron-ly,  a.  Becoming  a 
wife  or  matron. 

Mat'ter,  n.  Substance  of 
which  bodies  are  constitut- 
ed ;  pus ;  subject ;  affair.  — 
v.  i.  To  be  of  importance. 

Mat'ting,  n.  A  texture  of 
rushes,  straw,  &c.  ;  mate- 
rials for  mats. 

Mat'tock(5),  n.  A  kind  of 
pick-ax. 

Mat'tress,  n.  A  bed  stuffed 
with  hair,  husks,  or  the 
like. 

Mat'u-rate,  v.     To  ripen. 

Mat'u-ra/tion,  n.  A  ripening. 

Ma-ture',  «.  Ripe;  full- 
grown  ;  well  digested.  — v.  t. 
To  bring  to  perfection;  to 
consider  well. 

Ma-ture'ly,  adv.  With  ripe- 
ness ;  completely. 

Ma-tu'ri-ty,  n.  A  mature 
state;  ripeness. 

Miud'lin,  a.  Fuddled  ;  sick- 
ly sentimental. 

Maul,'«.  A  wooden  hammer. 
—  v,  t.    To  beat  and  bruise. 

Mliund'er,  or  Maund'er, 
v.  i.  ■  To  mutter  ;  to  beg. 

M.xu'so-le'ura,  n.  A  magnifi- 
cent tomb  or  monument. 

Ma/vis,  n.  The  throstle  or 
song-thrush. 

Maw,  n.    Stomach  of  a  beast. 

M.iwk'ish,  a.  Apt  to  cause 
satiety  and  loathing. 

Max'il-lar,      )  a.       Pertain- 

Max'ii-la-ry,  I  ing  to  the 
jaw. 

Max'im,  n.  An  established 
principle;  an  axiom. 

Max'i-mum,  n.  The  greatest 
quantity  or  value  attainable 
in  a  given  case. 

May,  n.  The  fifth  month 
of  the  year.  — v.  aitx.  [imp. 
MIGHT. J  To  be  possible  : 
to  be  able  ;  to  have  license. 

May'-day,  n.  The  first  day 
of  May. 

May'or  (cottoq.  mar),  n. 
Chief  magistrate  of  a  city 
or  borough. 

May'or-al-ty  (coUoq.  m-ir'al- 
ty),  n.  Office  of  a  mayor. 


May'or-ess  (colloq.  mar'es), 
n.     Wife  of  a  mayor. 

Maz'a-rine',  n.  A  deep  blue 
color.  [black  cherry. 

Maz'ard,  n.  A  kind  of  small, 

Maze  (18),  n.  A  labyrinth; 
astonishment. — v.  t.  To 
bewilder. ' 

Ma'zy,  a.  Perplexed  with 
turns  and  windings,      [of  /. 

Me,    pron.       Objective    case 

Mead,  n.  A  liquor  composed 
of  honey  and  water  ;  a 
meadow.  [grass  land. 

Mead'ow,  n.      Low  or   level  j 

Mea'ger  ( (2'J),    a.       Lean  ; 

Maa'gre  )      thin  ;  poor. 

Meal,  n.  Grain  ground  to  j 
powder  ;  food  taken  at  once,  j 

Maal'y,  a.  Resembling  meal. 

Mean,  a.  Low:  base;  aver- 
age. —  n.  A  middle  point ; 
place,  rate,  or  degree. 

Means,  n.  pi.  Medium  ;  in- 
strument ;  income. 

Mean,  c.  t.  [imp.   &  p.  p. 
meant.]     To    intend;    to, 
desigiv^to  have  in  view  ;  to 
purpose  ;  to  signify. 

Me-an'der,  n.  A  winding  , 
course.  —  v.  i.  (8)  To  run  i 
in  windings. 

Mean'ing,  n.  Intention  ; 
signification.  [nity. 

Mean'ly,  adv.    "Without  dig- 

Mean'ness,  n.  Lowness  ; 
sordidness ;  baseness. 

Meant,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Mean. 

Mean'time,    I  adv.     In  the 

Mean'while,  j  intervening 
time.  [measles. 

Mea'sly,   a.      Infected   with 

Mea'gles  (mS'zlz),  n.  An 
eruptive  disease. 

Meas'ur-a-ble  (mezh'ur-), 
a.  "Capable  of  being  meas- 
ured. 

Meas'ure  (mgzh'ur),  n.  That 
which  measures  :  extent  ; 
time  in  music  ;  limit  ;  de- 
gree ;  meter  ;  means  to  an 
end. — v.  I.  To  ascertain 
the  extent  or  quantity  of. 

Meas/ure-ment,  n.  Act  of 
measuring  ;  dimensions. 

Meat,  n.  Flesh  for  food  ; 
food  in  general. 

Me-€han'i-e,  n.      An  artisan. 


Me-ehan'i-e,       I      a.      Per- 

Me-ehan'i-e-al, J  taining 
to  machines  ;  acting  by 
physical  power. 

Me-ehan'ie-al-ly,  adv.  By 
physical  force  or  power. 

Meeh'a-ni'cian  (-rush/an), 
n.  One  skilled  in  mechanics. 

Me-ehan'i-es,  n.  sing.  The 
science  that  treats  of  the 
laws  of  motion  and  force. 

Meeh'an-ism.  n.  Structure 
or  parts  of  a  machine. 

Meeh'an-ist,  n.  One  skilled 
in  machines.  [device. 

Med'al,  n.      A  coin  with  a 

MM'al-ist   I     (8),    n.      One 

Med'al-llst  j  skilled  in 
medals. 

Me-dal'lion  (-yun),  n.  A 
large  medal  ;  a  circular  tab- 
let on  which  figures  are 
embossed.  [to  interfere. 

MSd'dle,  v.  i.     To  interpose; 

Med'dler,  n.    A  busybody. 

Med'dle-some,  a.  Apt  to 
meddle.      [the  middle  ages. 

Me'di-ffi'val,  a      Relating  to 

Me'di-al,  a.    Noting  average. 

Me'di-ate,  v.  i.  To  interpose. 

Me'di-ate,  «._,  Middle. 

Me'di-ate-ly,"  *dv.  By  a 
secondary  cause. 

Me'di-a/tion,  n.  Agency  be^ 
tween  parties.  —  S\'N.  In" 
terposition  ;  intercession. 

Me'di-a/tor,  n.  One  who 
mediates  ;  an  intercessor. 

Me'di-a-to'ri-al,  a.  Belong- 
ing to  a  mediator  or  to  me- 
diation. 

Med'i-e-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
medicine,  or  to  the  art  of 
healing.  [ical  manner. 

Med'ie-al-ly,  adv.  In  a  med- 

Med'i-ea  ment,  n.  A  heal- 
ing application  ;  medicine. 

Med'i-eate,  v.  t.  To  tincture 
with  medicines. 

Me-diQ'i-nal,  a.  Healing; 
curative.  [medicine. 

Me-dic/i-nal-ly,    adv.       By 

Med'i-gine,  n.  Any  thing 
that  cures  ;  a  remedy. 

Me'di-Se'ri-ty,  n.  Middle 
state :  moderate  degree. 

Med'i-tate,  v.  To  think;  to 
muse :  to  contemplate. 


a,  e,I,  o,u,y,fo/ig-,a,  e,  T,  u,  ft, y,  short  /care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  Gre,  Tgil,  term ;  pique,  firm 


MEDITATION 


167 


MERMAID 


MM'i-ta'tion,  n.  Contem- 
plation ;  continued  thought. 

Med'i-ta-tive,  a.  Given  to 
contemplation  ;  thoughtful. 

Me'di-um,w.  ( pi.  Me'di-a or 
Me'di-ums,  25.)  A  means 
or  instrument. 

Med'lar,  n.  A  tree  and  its 
fruit.  [miscellany. 

Med'ley,  n.     A  mixture;  a 

Me-dul'lar,      ( a.      Consist- 

Med'ul-la-ry,  J  ing  of  mar- 
row, or  like  it.  [pense. 

Meed, n.      A  reward  ;  recom- 

Meek,  a.    Mild ;  soft ;  gentle. 

Meer'sghaum  (-shawm),  n. 
A  kind  of  fine  white  clay  or 
a  pipe  made  of  it. 

Meet,  v.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  Sep.  p. 
MET.]  To  come  together; 
to  join. — a.  Fit;  suitable. 

Meet'ing.  n.  An  assembly  ; 
an  interview. 

Meet'ing-house,  n.  A  place 
of  worship  (in  England,  for 
dissenters) 

Meet'ly,  adv.     Fitly ;  duly. 

MeTan-ehol'ie,  a.  Melan- 
choly. 

Mel'ah-ehol-y,  a.  Dejected ; 
gloomy.  —  n.  Dejection  of 
spirits;  a  gloomy  state  of 
mind 

Mel'ior-ate  (mel'yor-),  v.  t. 
To  make  better.  [ment. 

Mel'ior-a'tion,  n.    Improve- 

Mel-lif'iu-enge,«.  A  sweet, 
smooth  flow. 

Mel-llf'lu-ent,  ( a.     Sweetly 

Mel-llf'lu-ous,  )      flowing. 

Mel'low,  a.  Soft  with  ripe- 
ness. —  v.  t.  or  i.  To  ripen 
to  softness.  [ripeness. 

Mel'low-ness,   n.     Softness; 

Me-lo'di-ous,  a.  Musical ; 
agreeable  to  the  ear. 

Mal'o-drame,  n.  A  sensa- 
tional play  with  songs  inter- 
mixed,       [for  effect  merely. 

MSl'o-dra-mat'ie,  a.     Done 

Mel'o-dy,  n.  An  agreeable 
succession  of  single  tones. 

Mel'on,  n.  A  plant,  and  its 
fruit,  which  is  eaten  raw. 

Melt,  e  i.  or*.  To  dissolve; 
to  become  liquid. 

Mem'ber,  n.  A  limb  of  the 
body  ;  one  of  a  society. 


Mem'ber-ship,  n.  The  state 
of  being  a  member. 

Mem'bra-na'ceous,  a.  Con- 
sisting of  membranes. 

Mem'brane,  n.  A  thin  tis- 
sue, or  kind  of  skin. 

Mem'bra-nous,  a.  Consist- 
ing of  a  membrane. 

Me-mgn'to,  n.  {pi.  Me- 
men'toes,  18.)  That  which 
reminds ;  a  memorial. 

Mem'oir  (mera'wor  or  me'- 
mwor),  n.  A  written  ac- 
count or  history  ;  a  biogra- 
phy ;  a  record  of  investiga- 
tions, [remembrance. 

Mem'o-ra-ble,  a.  Worthy  of 

Mem/o-ran'dum,  n.  (pi. 
-duras,  or  -da  )  A  note  or 
record  to  help  the  memory. 

Me-mo'ri-al,  a.  Preserving 
remembrance.  —  n.  That 
which  preserves  remem- 
brance ;  statement  with  pe- 
tition. 

Me-mo'ri-al-ist,  n.  One  who 
presents  a  memorial. 

Me-mo'ri-al-Ize,  t\  t.  To 
present  a  memorial  to. 

Mem'o-rlze  (3J),  v.  t.  To 
cause  to  be  rememJberedC'''^ 

Mem'o-ry,  n.  Thp"  faculty 
by  which  ideas  are  retained 
in  the  mind ;  recollection  ; 
remembrance. 

Men,  pi.  of  Man. 

Men/age,  v.  t.  To  threaten. 
—  n .  A^threat. 

Men-ag'er-ic  (men-azh'-),  n. 
A  collection  of  animals. 

Mend,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  repair ; 
to  correct ;  to  improve. 

Men-da'cioiis,  a.  Given  to 
deception;  lying;  false. 

Men-dac/i-ty,  n.  A  habit  of 
lying;  a  lie. 

Men'di-ean-gy,  )  n.  State  of 

Men-dic/i-ty,      )      beggary. 

Men'di-eant,  n.  A  beggar. — 
a.  Begging ;  poor. 

Me'ni-al,  a.  Low  ;  servile  ; 
mean.  — n.  A  domestic  serv- 
ant. 

Men'stru-al,  a.  Monthly. 

Men'stru-um,  n.  (pi.  Men'- 
stru-ums,  or  Men'stru-a.) 
A  dissolving  fluid ;  a  solv- 
ent. 


Men'su-ra-ble  (-shij-),  a. 
Measurable.        [measuring. 

Men'su-ra'tion,  n.     Act  of 

Men'tal,  a.  Belonging  to  the 
mind ;  intellectual. 

Men'tal-ly,  adv.  In  mind. 

Men'tion,n.  Notice;  curso- 
ry remark.  —  v.  t.  To  ex- 
press ;  to  name. 

Me-phlt'ie,  a.  Poisonous  ; 
noxious  ;  foul ;  pestilential. 

Me-phl'tis,  n.  Noxious  ex- 
halations. 

Mer'-ean-tile,  a.  Pertaining 
to  merchants  or  their  busi- 
ness ;  commercial. 

Mer'ge-na-ry,  a.  Capable  of 
being  hired  ;  greedy  of  gain. 
—  Syn.  Venal  ;  selfish  ; 
mean  ;  contracted,  —n.  A 
hireling.  [in  silks, 

i  Mer'ger,  n.     One  who  deals 
'  Mer'chan-dlse,  «...  Goods  for 
sale ;  trade.  —  v.  t.  To  trade. 

Mer'chant,  n.  An  exporter 
or  importer  of  goods;  a 
trader.  [sale. 

Mer'chant-a-ble.  a.    Fit  for 

Mer'chant-man  (21),  n.  A 
ship  employed  in  trade. 

Mer'gi-ful,a.  Full  of  mercy ; 
compassionate ;  tender. 

Mer'gi-less  (13),  a.  Hard- 
hearted; unfeeling. 

Mer-cu'ri-al,  a.  Composed 
of  quicksilver ;  spirited. 

Mer'€u-ry,  it.  Quicksilver; 
one  of  the  planets. 

Mer'gy  (19),  n.  Tenderness  to 
ward  an  offender ;  clemency 

Mere,  a.     Pure  ;  unmixed. 

Mere'ly,  adv.  Simply  ;  only 

Mer'e-tri'cious  (-trlsh'us),  a 
Lewd ;  false ;  gaud.y. 

Merge,  v.t.or  i.  To  immerse 

Me-rld'i-an,  n.  A  great  cir 
cle  which  the  sun  crosses  at 
noon;  noon. — a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  meridian. 

Me-rid'i-on-al,a.  Pertaining 
to  the  meridian. 

Me-ri'no  ( -lii'no),  n.  A  varie- 
ty of  sheep  or  their  wool. 

Mer'it,  n.  Desert ;  worth. — 
v.t.  To  earn  by  services  ;  to 
deserve.  [ing  reward. 

MSr'i-to'ri-ouS,    a.     Deserv- 

Mer'maid,  it.    A  fabled  sea- 


o,  wolf,  too,  took  ;  Grn,  rye,  pull;  <j,  £,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as. ;  exist;  n  as  ng  ;  tbis. 


son,  or,  d 


MERMAN 

woman  with  the  tail  of  a  fish 
instead  of  legs. 

Mer'man  (2'2),  n.  A  fabled 
sea-man.  [mirth. 

Mer'ri-ly    (13),  adv.      With 

Mer'ri-ment;  n.  Gayety  with 
laughter ;  noisy  sport. 

Mer'ry,  a.  Gay  ;  jovial ;  noisy. 

Mer'ry-An'drew,  n.  A  buf- 
foon ;  a  zany.  [val. 

Mir'ry-mak'ing,  n.  A  festi- 

M3sh  (18),  n.  A  space  between 
thread <  in  a  net. 

Mcs-mer'i-e,  a.  Pertaining  to 
mesmerism. 

M5s'mer-ism,  n.  Art  of  in- 
ducing ascertain  abnormal 
state  of  the  nervous  system. 

M2s'mer-ize,  v.  t.  To  bring 
into  a  mesmeric  sleep. 

M3ss,n.  A  dish  of  food;  per- 
sons who  eat  together.  —  e. 
?'.     To  join  in  a  mess. 

Mes'sage,  n.  Notice  sent ; 
official  communication. 

M5s'sen-ger,  n.  One  who 
bears  a  message. 

Mes-sl'ah,  n.  The  Anointed; 
CHRIST. 

MSs'suage  (meVswej),  n.  A 
house  and  adjoining  land. 

Met,  imp.  &  p.p.  of  Meet. 

Met'al  (met'al  ormet'l),  n.  A 
simple,  fixed,  opaque  sub- 
stance, fusible  by  heat,  as 
iron,  gold,  &c. 

Me-tal'li-c,  a.  Relating  to,  or 
partaking  of  the  properties 
of,  metals,     [ducing  metals. 

Met'al-Kf'er-ous,    a.      Pro- 

Met'al-llne  (7),  a.  Like  metal. 

Met'al-lur'gy(7),7!.  Art  of 
working  metals,  or  of  obtain- 
ing them  from  their  ores. 

Met'a-mor'phoge,  v.  t.  To 
transform. 

Mjt'a-mfir'pho-sis,  n.  (pi. 
Mst'a-mor'pho-ses.)  A 
change  of  form. 

MSt'a-phor,  n.  A  short  si- 
militude: a  trope. 

Mot/a-ph6r'i€-al,'».  Contain- 
ing a  metaphor;  figurative. 

MSt'a~ph6r'i€-pl-ly,  adv.  By 
a  fisruro  :  not  literally. 

Met'a-ph^s'i-e-al.  a.  Pertain- 
ing or  according  to  meta- 
physics ;  abstract. 


168 

Met'a-phy-gi'cian  (-zish'- 
an),  7i.  One  versed  in  meta- 
physics. 

Met'a-phys'i-es,  n  sing.  Sci- 
ence of  mental  phenomena. 

Mete,  v.  t.  To  measure.  — n. 
Measure  ;  limit ;  boundary. 

Me'te-or,  n.  A  luminous 
body  passing  in  the  air. 

Me'te-6r'i-e,a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  proceeding  from,  meteors; 
influenced  by  the  weather. 

Me'te-or'o-lite,  I  n.   A  mete- 

Me'te-or-ite,      J    oric  stone. 

Me'te-or'o-log'ie-al,  a.  Per- 
taining to  meteorology. 

Me'te-or-61'o-glst,  n.  One 
skilled  in  meteorology. 

Me'te-or-ol'o-gy,  n.  The  sci- 
ence of  the  atmosphere  and 
its  phenomena. 

Me'ter  I  (29),    n.     Rhythm  ; 

Me'tre  )      verse ;  measure. 

Me-theg'lin,  n.  A  liquor 
made  of  honey  and  water. 

Me-thinks',  v.  imp.  It  seems 
to  me ;  I  think. 

Meth'od,  ft.  Orderly  arrange- 
ment ;  way  of  doing  things. 
—  SYN.     Mode;  manner. 

Me-thod'i-e,       I  a.  Ranged  or 

Me-th6d'i-e-al, )  proceeding 
in  order. 

Me-th6d'i-e-al-ly,  adv.  In 
due  or  methodical  order. 

Meth'od-i§m,  n.  Doctrines 
and  worship  of  Methodists. 

Meth'od-ist,  ft.  One  of  a  sect 
of  Christians  founded  by 
John  Wesley. 

Meth'od-Ize,  v.  t.  To  reduce 
to  method.  * 

Me-ton'o-my,  or  MSt'o- 
njra'y,?i.  A  figure  of  speech 
in  which  one  word  is  put  for 
another.  [meter. 

Met'ri-e-al,  a.     Pertaining  to 

Me-trdp'o-lis,  n.  The  mother 
city  or  chief  city. 

Met;ro-p61'i-tan.  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  chief  city. — n.  An 
archbishop.  [ardor. 

MSt'tle,  n.    Courage  ;  spirit ; 

Met'tle-some,rt.     Spirited. 

Mew,  n.  A  cage  or  coop. — 
v.  t.  To  confine  in  a  cage. 

Mewl,  v.  i.  To  cry  as  a  child. 

Mez'zo-tin'to     (mSd'zo-     or 


MIGHTY 

mez'zo-),  n.     A  kind  of  en- 
graving on  copper. 

Mi'agm,  n.  Same  as  Miasma. 

MI-a§'ma,  n.  (pi.  Mi-a§'ma- 
ta.)     Noxious  effluvia. 

Mi'-ea,  n.  A  mineral  separa- 
ble into  thin,  transparent 
plates. 

Mi-ea'ceous,  a.  Pertaining 
to  mica. 

Mi^e,  ».  pi.  of  Mouse. 

Mi-eh'ael-mas  (-el-),  n.  The 
feast  of  St.  Michael,  cele- 
brated September  29th. 

Mi'-ero-€osm,  n.  A  little 
world  ;  man. 

Mi'ero-s-cope,  ft.  An  optical 
instrument  for  magnifying 
very  small  objects. 

MP-ero-s-eSp'i-e,       I  a.   Very 

Mi/-ero-S€6p'i-e-al,  J    snail. 

Mid,  a.  Middle;  intervcLing. 

Mid'day,  n.    Noon. 

Mid'dle,  a.  Equally  dktant 
from'tyieends ;  intermediate. 
—  n.  The  point  equally  re- 
mote from  the  extremes. 

Mid'dliHg,  a.  Of  a  n  iddle 
rank  /of  moderate  capacity. 

Midge',  ft.     A  kind  of  fly. 

Mid'land,  a.  Surrounded  by 
the  land. 

Mid'rught  (-nit),  n.  Twelve 
o'clock  at  night. 

Mld'riff,  n.     The  diaphragm. 

Mid'ship-man  (21),  n.  A 
naval  cadet  or  young  officer. 

Midst,  n.     The  middle. 

Mid'sCm-mer,  n.  The  mid- 
dle of  summer. 

Mid'way,  w.     The  middle. 

Mid'wlfe  (20),  n.    A  woman 
who  assists  other  women  in 
childbirth. 
|  Mid'wlfe-ry,  or    MTd'wife- 
ry,  n.     Assistance  in  child- 
!      birth  ;  obstetrics. 
.Mien,n.  Look  ;  air ;  manner. 
J  Miff.  7i.     Slight  resentment. 
|  Might  (mit),  imp.  of  May.  — 
n.  Power  :  strength  of  body  ; 
I     force:  ability;  capacity. 
i  MTght'i-ly    (mit'-,  13),  adv. 

Powerfully. 
!  Mlght'i-ness(mif-),"-  Pow- 
j      er :  a  title  of  dignity. 

MTght'y  (mlt'y),  a.    Power- 
i      ful ;  strong;  vigorous. 


6,e, 


,  o,  u,  y,  long  ;  a,  C,  1, 6,  u,y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  ve.il,  term  ;  pVque,  firm 


MIGNONETTE 


169 


MINUTE 


Mign'on-Stte'  (min'yon-),  n. 
A  fragrant  plant  and  flower. 

MI'grate,  v.  i.  To  remove  to 
another  place  or  climate. 

Ml-gra'tion,  n.  Act  of  mi- 
grating, [migrate. 

Mi'gra-to-ry,  a.    Disposed  to 

Milch,  a.     Giving  milk. 

Mild,  a.  Gentle  ;  calm ;  soft ; 
meek  ;  placid ;  bland. 

Mfl'dew,  n.  Fungous  spots 
on  cloth  or  paper.  —  v.  t.  or 
t.     To  taint  with  mildew. 

Mlld'ly,  adv.  Gently  ;  softly. 

Mlld'ness,  n.  Quality  of  being 
mild ;  gentleness;  meekness. 

Mile,  n.  A  linear  measure  of 
320  rods,  1760  yards,  or  5280 
feet.  [by  the  mile. 

Mlle'age,  n.    Fees  for  travel 

Mil'i-tant,  a.  Eagaged  in 
warfare ;  fighting. 

Mil'i-ta-ry,  a.  Pertaining  to 
soldiers  or  to  war;  martial. 
—  n.     Soldiers ;  an  army. 

Mil'i-tate,  v.  i.  To  Ce  op- 
posed ;  to  contend. 

Mi-li'tiaf-lish'a),  n.  National 
enrolled  military  force. 

Milk,w.  A  white  liquor  drawn 
from  the  female  of  certain 
animals;  the  white, juice  of 
certain  plants. — v.  t.  To 
draw  milk  from. 

MQk'i-ness,  n.  Qualities  like 
milk ;  softness. 

Milk'miiid,  n.  A  woman  em- 
ployed in  a  dairy. 

Milk'man  (21),  n.  A  man 
who  carries  milk  to  market. 

Milk'y,  a.  Made  of,  or  like, 
milk. 

Milk'y-wa.7,  n.  A  luminous 
zone  in  the  heavens  ;  galaxy. 

Mill  (1),  n.  A  machine  for 
grinding,  &c. ;  the  tenth  of 
a  cent.  — v.  t.  To  grind  ;  to 
stamp,  as  coin ;  to  fall. 

Miil'-dim,  n.  A  dam  to  keep 
water  for  a  mill. 

Mil'le-na/ri-an,  n.    One  who 

believes  in  the  millennium. 

Mil-lgn'ni-al,  a.     Pertaining 

to  the  millennium. 
Mil-len'ni-um,  n.  The  thou- 
sand  years   of  Christ's  ex- 
pected reign  on  earth,  [mill. 
Mlll'er,  n.  One  who  attends  a 


Mfl'let,  n.  A  plant  and  its 
grain ;  a  kind  of  grass. 

Mil'li-ner,  n.  One  who  makes 
or  sells  ladies'  caps,  head- 
dresses, &c.      [by  milliners. 

Mil'ii-ner-y,  n.    Articles  sold 

Mill'ion  (mil'yun),  n.  Ten 
hundred  thousand. 

Mlll'ion-aire',  n.  One  worth 
a  million  or  more. 

Mill'-race,  n.  Acanaltocon- 
vey  water  to  a  mill-wheel. 

Miil'-stone,  n.  A  stone  for 
grinding  grain. 

Milt,  n.  The  spleen;  sper- 
matic part  of  the  male  fish. 

Mime,  n.  A  kind  of  farce,  or 
an  actor  in  it. 

Mlm'ic,  n.  One  who  imitates. 
—  v.  t.  (6)  To  imitate  for 
sport ;  to  ape. 

Mim'ie,       I «.     Acting     the 

Mim'Le-al,  j  mimic ;  imita- 
tive, [mimics. 

Mim'ick-er,    n.      One    who 

Mim'i-e-ry,  n.  Ludicrous 
imitation  for  sport. 

Min'a-ret,  n.  A  tall,  slender 
turret  on  Mohammedan 
mosques. 

Mince,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  chop 
into  small  pieces;  to  speak 
with  affected  uicety. 

Mind,  n.  The  intelligent 
power  in  man  ;  understand- 
ing ;  soul ;  purpose ;  opin- 
ion. —  v.  t.  To  heed  ;  to  re- 
gard. —  v.  i.  To  be  inclined 
or  disposed.  [clined. 

Mlnd'ed,  a.     Disposed  ;   in- 

Mlnd'ful  (17),  «.  Regardful ; 
attentive  ;  observant. 

Mine,  a.  Belonging  to  me.  — 
n.  A  pit  where  minerals  are 
dug  ;  an  excavation.  —  v. 
To  dig  ;  to  sap.  [mines. 

MIn'er,    n.     One    who    digs 

Min'er-al,  n.  A  substance  not 
organic,  existing  on  or  in 
the  earth. — a.     Pertaining 
to  minerals. 
Min'er-al -Ize,  v.  i.    To  com- 
bine with  a  metal  in  form- 
ing an  ore  ;  to  seek  miner- 
als,        [versed  in  minerals. 
Min'er-al'o-gist,  n.         One 
Min'er-al-Sg'ic-al,  a.     Per- 
taining to  mineralogy. 


Mln'er-al'o-gy,  n.      Science 
of  minerals.  [blend. 

Min/gle,    v.      To     mix ;    to 
Mm'i-a-ture  (niin'i-at-yrr  or 
min'it-ynr),  n.         A  small, 
painted  likeness. 
Min'im,  n.     A  note  in  mu- 
sic ;  a  drop. 
Min'i-mum,  n.  (pi.    Min'i- 
ma)     The  least    quantity 
assignable  in  a  given  case. 
Min'ion  (mln'yun),    n.       A 
favorite ;    a  small  kind  of 
type,  like  this  — 

HP"  Minion  type. 

Min'is-ter,  n.      A  "servant, 

an  agent ;    an  embassador  ; 

a  pastor.  —  v.  t.    To  give  ; 

to  communicate  ;  to  supply. 

Min'is-te'ri-al,  a.  Pertaining 

to  a  minister  ;   done  under 

authority  ;  sacerdotal. 

Min'is-tra'tion,  n.    Office  of 

a  minister ;  service. 
Min'is-try,  n.     Office  ;  serv- 
ice ;    agency ;    ecclesiastical 
function;  ministers  of  state. 
Mink,  n.    An  animal  of  tho 
weasel  kind.        [water  fish. 
Min'now,  ft.     A  small  fresh- 
Ml'ncr,  a.     Less  ;  smaller.  — 
n.     A  person  under  the  ago 
of  twenty -one. 
Mi-n6r'i-ty,n.  State  of  being 
a  minor,  or  under  age  ;  the 
smaller  number. 
Min'o-taur,  n.  A  fabled  mon- 
ster, half  man,  half  bull. 
Min'ster,   n.      Church  of  a 
monastery ;      a     cathedral 
church. 
Mm'strel,  n.     A  singer  and 

player  on  an  instrument. 
Min'strel-sy,  «.    A  company 

of  minstrels. 

Mint,    n.       A    place     where 

money  is  coined.  —  v.  t.   To 

coin,  as  money. 

Mm'u-end,  n.      A   number 

from  which  another  is  to  be 

substracted.  [lul  dance. 

Min'u-et,  n.     A  slow,  grace- 

MI'nus,«.    An  algebraic  term 

denoting  subtraction. 
Mm'ute    (uiln'it),    n.      The 
sixtieth   part  of  an  hour; 
short  note  or  sketch.  —  v.t. 
To  set  down  in  short  notes. 


son,  6r,  do,  wolf,  to"o,  took ;  firn,  rue,  pall ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard ;  as. ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  mis. 


MINUTE 


170 


MISS 


Mi-nute',  a.  Yery  small ;  of 
little  consequence. 

Min'ute-gun  (mln'it-),  n.  A 
gunfirod  every  minute. 

Mi-nute'ly,  adv.  In  a  mi- 
nute manner.  [girl. 

Minx  ( 18),  n.   A  pert,  wanton 

Mir'a-ele,  n.  A  wonder  or 
wonderful  thing ;  a  super- 
natural event. 

MI-rae'u-lous,  a.  Supernat- 
ural ;  wonderful. 

Mire,  n.  Soft,  wet  earth  ; 
mud.  —  V.  t.  To  plunge  and 
fix  in  mud. 

MIr'ror,  n.  A  looking-glass. 
—  v.  t.  To  reflect,  as  in  a 
looking-glass. 

Mirth,  7i.  Noisy  gayety.  — 
SYN.  Festivity  ;  glee  ;  fun  ; 
hilarity  ;  merriment;  jollity. 

Mirth'ful,  a.    Merry  ;  gay. 

MIr'y,  a.     Full  of  mire. 

MIs'an-thrope,      In.  A 

Mis-an'thro-plst,  j  hater  of 
mankind. 

MIs'an-thrSp'ie,       )  a.  Ilat- 

Mis'an-throp'i-c-al,  1  ing,  or 
having  a  dislike  to,  man- 
kind. 

Mis-an'thro-py,  n.  Hatred 
or  dislike  of  mankind. 

Mis-ap'pli-ea'tion,  n.  Wrong 
application.  [wrongly.  | 

Mls'ap-ply',  v.  t.     To  apply 

Mis-ap'pre-hend',  v.  t.  To  j 
misunderstand.      [mistake,  j 

Mis-ap'pre-hen'sidn,  n.    A 

Mis'be-edme',  v.  t.  To  suit 
ill.  [have  improperly. 

MIs'be-have',  v.  i.    To  be- 

Mls'be-hav'ior,  n.  Improper 
behavior ;  ill-conduct. 

Mis'be-lieve',  v.  t.  To  be- 
lieve erroneously. 

Mls'be-lief,  n.    'False  belief. 

Mis-eal'eu-late,  v.  t.  To 
calculate  wrongly. 

Mis-eal'eu-la'tion,  n.  Wrong 
calculation.      [wrong  name 

Mis-eall',  v.  t.    To  call  by  a  ; 

Mis-ear'riage  (-rij),  n.  Fail- ! 
uro ;  abortion. 

Mis-ear'ry,  v.  i.  To  fail  of 
success  ;  to  have  an  abor- 
tion. 

Mls'cel-la'ne-ous,  a.  Mixed  ; 
consisting  of  various  kinds. 


Mis'cel-la-ny,  n.    A  collec- 
tion of  writings  ;  a  mixture. 
Mis-change',  n.   Misfortune. 
Mis'chief,  n.    Evil,  whether 

intended  or  not ;  harm. 
Mls'chiev-ous,  a.  Injurious. 
Mis-choo§e',  v.  t.    To  choose 

wrongly.  [erroneously. 

Mis-cite',  ju.   t.      To    quote 
Mis'-eon-geive',    v.    t.      To 

have  a  wrong  notion  of. 
Mls'eon-ggp'tion,?!.  Wrong 

conception.  [havior.  | 

Mis-eSn'duet,  n.      Bad  be- 
Mis'eon-duet',  v.     To  con- 1 

duct  amiss.  [conjecture,  j 
Mls'-eco-jeet'ure,  n.  A  wrong  j 
MIs'eon-strue'tion,  n.  \ 

Wrong  construction  or  in-  I 

terpretation. 
Mis-c6n'strue,  v.  t.    To  in-  [ 

terpret  wrong. 
Mis-count',  v .  t.    To  mistake 

in  counting. 
Mis'ere-ant,  n.  A  vile  wretch. 
Mis-date',  v.  t.    To  date  er-  I 

roneously.  [offense. 

Mis-deed',  n.  An  evil  act  inn  ; 
Mis-deem',  v.  t.    To  judge  j 

amiss.  [have  ill. 

MIs'de-mean',  v.  t.    To  be-  ) 
MIs'de-mean'or,  n.      Ill-be-  \ 

havior  ;  evil  conduct. 
MIs'di-reet',  v.  t.    To  direct  j 

to  a  wrong  person  or  place. 
Mis-do'ing,  n.  A  wrong  done.  ! 
MIs'em-ploy',  v.  t.     To  use 

to  a  wrong  purpose. 
MIs'em-ploy'ment,  n.    Im- 
proper application. 
MI'ger,  n.     One  covetous  to 

excess ;  a  niggard. 
MIs/er-a-ble,  a.     Wretched ; 

unhappy  ;  worthless.  [ly. 
Mi§'cr-a-bly,a//i'.  Wretched- 
MI'§er-ly,a.  Very  covetous. 
Mls/er-y,  n.     Wretchedness; 

distress  ;  calamity. 
Mis-  ort'une,  n.     Calamity. 
Mis-give',  v.  t.    To  fill  with 

doubt ;  to  give  amiss. 
Mis-giv'ing,  n.     A  weaken- 
ing of  confidence  ;  distrust. 
Mis-gov'ern,  v.  t.    To  govern 

amiss.  [administration. 

Mis-gov'ern-ment,  n.     Uad 
Mis-guid'ange,  ?;.  Wrongdi- 

rection ;  guidance  into  error. 


Mis-guide',  v.  t.  To  mislead. 
Mis-hap',  n.      Ill  chance  or 

accident ;  misfortune. 
Mis'im-prpve',  v.    t.         To 

abuse ;  to  misuse. 
Mls'in-form',  v.  t.    To  give 

erroneous  information  to. 
Mis-In'for-ma'tion,  n. 

Wrong  information. 
Mis'in-ter'pret,  v.  t.    To  ex- 
plain erroneously. 
Mls'in-ter'pret-a'tion,      n. 

Interpreting  erroneously. 
Mis-judge',  v.   t.     To  judge 

amiss. 
Mis-lay',  r.  t.     To  lay  in  a 

wrong  place  ;  to  lose. 
Mis-lead',  V.  t.     To  lead  into 

error;  to  delude. 
Mis'le  (miz'1),  v.  i.     To  rain 

iu  minute  drops. 
Mis-led',  imp.  of  Mislead. 
Mis-man'age,  v.  t.  or  i.    To 

manage  ill. 
Mis-man'age-ment,  n.    Bad 

management,  [unsuitably. 
Mis-match',  v.  t.  To  match 
Mis-name',  v.  t.     To  cali  by 

a  wrong  name. 
Mis-no'mer,    n.      A    wrong 

or  inapplicable  name. 
Mis-plage',  P.  t.    To  put  in  a 

wrong  place. 
Mis-print',  r.   t.      To  print 

wrong.  —  n.      An   error  in 

printing. 
MIs'pro-nounge',  v.   t.     To 

pronounce  incorrectly. 
Mis'pro-nu  n'c  i-a"'  t  i  o  n 

(-nun'shl-),    n.       Improper 

pronunciation. 
MIs'pro-por'tion,  v.  t.      To 

join  without  due  proportion. 
MIs'quo-ta'tion,  n.    Act  of 

misquoting.  [incorrectly. 
Mis-quote',  v.  t.  To  quote 
MIs're-port',  v.  t.    To  report 

erroneously.  —  n.      A    false 

or  incorrect  report. 
Mis-rep're-sent',  v.  t.      To 

represent  falsely. 
Mis-rep're-sent-a'tion,     n. 

False  account. 
Mis-rule',    n.        Confusion  ; 

unjust  domination. 
Miss  (2),  ii .  A  young  woman ; 

Joss  ;  want;  mistake.  —  v.  t. 

To  err;  not  to  hit. 


a,  5,T,  o,  u,  y,  long;  a,  e,T,  o,  Q,y,  short;  cure,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  tCrm  ;  p.'que,  firm: 


MISSAL 


171 


MOLASSES 


Mis'sal,  n.  The  Roman 
Catholic  mass-book. 

Mis-shape',  v.  t.  [p.  p.  or  p. 
a.  MISSHAPEN.]  To  shape 
ill ;  to  give  an  ill  form  to. 

MIs'sile,  n.  A  weapon  to  be 
thrown. 

Mis'sion  (mTsh/un),  n.  Act  of 
sending;  duty  on  which 
one  is  sent ;  persons  sent.  — 
Syn.  Message ;  commis- 
sion ;  delegation  ;  deputa- 
tion. 

Mis'sion-a-ry,  n.  One  sent 
to  spread  religion.  —  a.  Per- 
taining to  missions. 

Mis'slve,  a.  Sent  or  intended 
to  be  sent.  —  n.  A  message 
or  letter  sent,  [erroneously. 

Mis-spell',   v.    t.      To  spell 

Mis-spend',  t*.  t.  [imp.  &  p. 
p.  misspent.]  To  waste 
or  spend  ill.         [accurately. 

Mis-state',  v.  t.    To  state  in- 

Mis-state'ment,  n.  An  in- 
correct statement. 

Mist,  n.  Rain  in  very  fine 
drops.  —  v.  i.  To  rain  in 
fine  drops. 

Mis-take',  it.  Unintentional 
error.  —  v.  t.  or  i.     To  err. 

Mis-tak'en  (-t-ik'n),  p.p.  or 
a.  Misunderstood,  —  used 
of  things;  wrong;  being  in 
error,  —  used  of  persons. 

Mist'i-ness,  n.  State  of  being 
misty  ;  obscurity. 

Mis'tle  (mV7/l).     See  Misle. 

Mls'tle-toe  I  ( m  iz'1-to ) ,  n .    A 

Mis'le-toe  J  plant  that  grows 
on  trees. 

Mis-took',  imp.  of  Mistake. 

Mis'trans-late',  v.  t.  To 
translate  erroneously. 

Mis'trans-la'tion,  n.  4Erro- 
neous  translation. 

Mis'tress,  n.  A  woman  who 
governs  ;  a  term  of  address. 

Mis-trust',  n.  ATant  of  con- 
fidence ;  suspicion ;  doubt. 
%  —  v.  t.  To  regard  with  sus- 
picion ;  to  doubt. 

Mis-trust'ful,  a.  Suspicious. 

MIst'y,  a.  Raining  in  very 
fine  drops  ;  cloudy  with 
mist. 

Mis-un'der-stand',  v.  t.  To 
misconceive ;  to  mistake. 


Mis-iin'der-stand'ing,  n. 
Misconception  ;  disagree- 
ment ;  slight  quarrel. 

Mis-us/age,  n.  Bad  treat- 
ment; abuse.  [treat  ill. 

Mis-u§e',  v.  t      To  abuse ;  to 

Mis-use',  n.     Bad  use. 

Mite,  n.  Something  very 
small ;  hence,  a  small  insect. 

MI'tcr  1(29), 

Mi'trc  )  n.  A 
bishop's  cap 
or  crown. 

Mit'i-ga-ble,a. 
Capable  of 
mitigation. 

Mit'i-gate,  v.  t 

to  alleviate  ;  to  assuage. 

Mit'i-ga'tion,  n.    Relief. 

Mlt'ten,  n.  A  cover  for  the 
hand,  without  fingers. 

Mix  (7),  v.  t.  \pmp.  &  p.  p. 
MIXED.]  To  unite  or  blend 
promiscuously.  [mass. 

Mixt'ure,    n.        A    mingled 

Miz'zen  (mTz'zn),  a.  Hind- 
most ;  nearest  the  stern. 

Miz'zle.  r.  t.   See  Misle. 

Mne-m6n'i€  (ne-),  a.  Assist- 
ing the  memory. 

Mne-mon'i€S  (ne-),  n.  sing. 
The  art  of  memory. 

Moan,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  mourn  ; 
to  lament  audibly.  —  n. 
Lamentation. 

Moat,  n.  A  ditch  round  a 
castle.  &c. — v.  t.  To  sur- 
round with  a  moat. 

Mob,  ii.  A  tumultuous  or 
disorderly  crowd.  — v.  t.  To 
attack,  as  a  crowd. 

Mo-bil'i-ty,  n.  Activity  ; 
fickleness ;  inconstancy. 

M5«'«a-sin,  n.  A  shoe  of 
soft  leather,  without  a  sole  ; 
a  poisonous  serpent, 

Mo-ek  (5),  v.  t.  To  deride  ;  to 
ape.  —  v.  i.  To  speak  de- 
rklingly.  —  a.  Counterfeit  ; 
false.  —  n.  Ridicule  ;  deris- 
ion, [scorn;  ridicule. 

Mock'er-y,   n.         Derision  ; 

Mo'dal,  a.  Relating  to  mode. 

Mode,  n.  Form  ;  method  ; 
fashion  ;  manner  of  conju- 
gating a  verb. 

M6d'el,  n.  Something  to  be 
imitated.  —  SYN.      Copy  ; 


pattern.  — v.  t.  (8)  To  plan  •, 

to  shape. 
M6d'er-ate,  v.  t.     To  allay  ; 

to  lessen  ;  to  repress.  —  v.  »'. 

To  become  less  violent. 
Mdd'er-ate,   a.    Not  violent 

or  excessive  ;  temperate. 
M6d'er-ate-ly,    adv.      With 

little  violence. 
Mod'er-a'ticn,  n.    State  of 

being  moderate,  [presides. 
Mdd'er-a'tor,  n.  One  who 
Mdd'ern,  a.     Of  the  present 

time.  [modern. 

Mod'ern-ize,  v.  t.    To  make 
Mod'erns,  n.pl.    People  of 

modern  times. 
MSd'est,    a.      Diffident ;  re- 
served ;  virtuous. 
Mdd'est-y,    n.     Absence  of 

conceit :  diffidence  ;  chastity. 
M6d'i--eum,  n.    A  small  por- 
tion. 
Mod'i-fi-ea'tion,  n.    Act  of 

modifying  :  modified  state. 
Mdd'i-fi'er  (13),  n.    He  who, 

or  that  which,  modifies. 
M6d'i-fy,   v.   t.     To  change 

the  form  of.  [of  bracket. 
Mo-dili'ion  (-yun),  n.  A  kind 
Mod'ish,    a.      According    to 

the  mode  ;  fashionable. 
Mo-di'ste',  n.  A  female  artist 

in  dress,  [inflect  as  sounds. 
Mdd'u-late,  v  t.  To  vary  or 
Mod'u-la'tion,    n.     Act   of 

modulating  ;  melody. 
Mo'hair,  n.    A  stuff  of  goat's 

hair. 
Mo-ham'med-an,    a.      Per* 

tabling  to  Mohammed. — n. 

A  follower  of  Mohammed. 
Moi'e-ty    (or  maw'e-ty),    n. 

Half. 
Moil,  v.  t.  or*.    To  work  with 

painful  effort ;  to  drudge. 
Moist,  a.     Damp ;   wet  in  a 

small  degree. 
Moist'en  (mois'n),  v.  t.    To 

make  humid,  or  moist. 
Moist'ness,  n.    Dampness. 
Moist'ure      (moist'ynr),      n. 

Slight  wetness  :  dampness. 
Mo'lar,  a.    Adapted  to  grind. 

—  n.    A  double  tooth. 
Mo-las'ses,    n.    sing.       The 

sirup     which     drains    from 

sugar  ;  treacle. 


son ,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  -c,  g,  hard ;  as  •  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


MOLD 


172 


MOORLAND 


Mold    )  (32),  n.      Soft,  rich 

Mould  )  earth  ;  a  form ,  or 
something  to  regulate  the 
form.  —  v.  t.  To  shape.  — 
v.  i.    To  contract  mold. 

Mold'er,     \    n.        One    who 

Mould'er,  J  molds,  or  gives 
shape.  —  v.  i.  To  decay  ; 
to  perish. 

Mold'y,     )  a.     Covered   with 

Mjuld'y,  )      mold. 

Mjle.  n.  A  natural  spot  on 
the  body  ;  a  pier  ;  a  mound  ; 
a  small  burrowing  auimal. 

Mo-lee'u-lar,  a.  Pertaining 
to  molecules. 

Mol'e-eule,  n.  A  minute  or 
invisible  particle. 

Mole'-hill,  n.  A  hillock 
raised  by  a  mole. 

Mo-lest',  v.  t.  To  disturb  ; 
to  annoy.  [ance. 

Mdl'es-ta'tion,    n.     Annoy- 

Mol'li-fi-ea'tion,  n.  A  mol- 
lifying ;  mitigation. 

M61'li-fy,  v.  t.  To  soften  ;  to 
assuage  ;  to  qualify. 

Malt     I  (32),  v.  I.     to  cast  or 

Moult J  shed  feathers,  skin, 
horns,  &c. 

Molt'en,  p.  a.    Melted. 

Mo'ment,  n.  A  minute  por- 
tion of  time  ;  importance  ; 
weight.  [moment. 

Mo'ment-a-ri-ly,  ado.  Every 

Mo'ment-a-ry,  a.  Done  in, 
or  lasting  for,  a  moment 
only.  [ment. 

Mo'ment-ly,  adv.    In  a  rao- 

Mo-m5nt'ous,  a.  Important. 

Mo-mon'tum,  n.  (pi.  Mo- 
mSn'ta,  or  Mo-m3n'tums, 
25.)  Quantity  of  motion  fn 
a  moving  body.  [life. 

MSn'a-ehism,  n.    Monastic 

Mdn'ad,  n.  An  ultimate 
atom. 

M6n'ar-ch,  n.  A  supreme 
ruler ;  an  emperor,  king, 
prince,  or  chief.  —  Syn.  Po- 
tentate ;  sovereign. 

Mo-nareh'i«,       i  a.        Per- 

Mo-rrir-eh/i-e-al,  {  taining 
to  a  monarch,     [monarchy. 

Mon'ar-eh-ist,  n.  A  friend  to 

M5n'areh-y,  n.  Government 
vested  in  one  man  ;  a  king- 
dom ;  an  empire. 


M5n'as-ter-y  (colloq.  mon'as- 
try),  n.    A  house  of  monks. 

Mo-nas'ti-C,  a.  Pertaining 
to  monks ;  secluded. 

Mo-nas'ti-Qism,  ».  Monas- 
tic life 

Mon'day,  n.  The  day  follow- 
ing Sunday. 

M6n'e-ta-ry,  a.  Relating  to 
money. 

Mon'ey  (19),  n.  Coin  for  cur- 
rent use  in  trade,  or  a  sub- 
stitute for  it. 

Mon'eyed  (mun'id),  a.  Pos- 
sessed of  money  ;  rich. 

Mon'grel  (mung'grel),  a.  Of 
a  mixed  breed.  —  n.  An  an- 
imal of  a  mixed  breed. 

Mo-ni'tion  (-nlsh'un),  n. 
Warning  ;  instruction. 

Mon'i-tor,  n.  One  who  warns ; 
a  subordinate  instructor. 

Mdn'i-to'ri-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  a  monitor.  [ing. 

M5n'i-to-ry,  a.  Giving  warn- 

M6n'i-tress,  ft.  A  female 
monitor.  [monastery. 

Monk,  it.    One  who  lives  in  a 

M6nk'er-y,  ft.  Monastic  life 
or  practices. 

Morik'ey  (19),  n.  An  animal 
like  the  ape  or  baboon. 

Monk'ish,  a.  Pertaining  to 
monks. 

M6n'o-dy,?i.  Poetical  lament 
of  a  single  person. 

Mo-n6g'a-mist,  n.  One  who 
disallows  second  marriages. 

Mo-nog'a-my,  n.  Marriage 
to  one  wife  only.       ^Ai/7) 

Mon'o-gram,  n.    A  cyw^ 
cipher  composed  of      '     ' 
letters  interwoven.    Mono- 

Mon'o-graph,  n.   A    sra,»- 
written  account  of  a  single 
thing.  [one  person. 

Mon'o-lSgue,  n.  A  speech  by 

Mon'o-ma'ni-a,  n.  Derange- 
ment with  regard  to  one  sub- 
ject only. 

Mon'o-ma/ni-a-e,  n.  A  per- 
son affected  by  monomania. 

Mo-n5p'o-Kst,      )  ft.         One 

Mo-ndp'o-llz'er,  )  who  mo- 
noponzes, 

Mo-n6p'o-lize,  v.  t.  To  en- 
gross  the  whole  of. 

Mo-n6p'o-ly,  n.  Sole  right  of 


buying  and  selling  or  of 
trading. 

Mon'o-^yl-lab'ie,       )  a.  Of 

Mon'o-syl-lab'i-c-al,  j  one 
syllable  only. 

Mon'o-syi'la-ble,  n.  A  word 
of  que  syllable. 

Mon'o-the'ism,  n.  The  belief 
in  one  God 'only. 

Mon'o-tone,  n.  A  single  un- 
varied tone  or  sound. 

Mo-not'o-nous,  a.  In  the 
same  tone;  without  variety. 

Mo-n6t'o-ny,  n.  Uniformity 
of  tone  ;  want  of  variety. 

Mon-sobn',  n.  A  periodical 
wind  in  the  Indian  ocean. 

Mon'ster,  n.  Something  hor- 
rid or  unnatural. 

Mon-stros'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  monstrous. 

Mon'strous,  a.  Abnormal ; 
enormous ;  unnatural. 

M6n'strous-ly,  adv.  In  a 
shocking,  unnatural  man- 
ner ;  enormouslv. 

Month,  n.  Twelfth  part  of 
the  year. 

Month'ly,  a.  Happening 
every  month.  —  adv.  On"0 
a  month.  [a  tomb. 

Mon'u-ment,  ft.  A  memorial ; 

Mon'u-ment'al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  serving  as,  a  mon- 
ument ;  memorial. 

Mood,  n.  Temper  of  mind  ; 
humor  ;  disposition  ;  music- 
al style ;  form  of  conjuga- 
tion of  a  verb  ;  mode. 

Mobd'i-ness,  ft,  Quality  of 
being  moody. 

Mdbd'y,  a.  Governed  by 
moods  of  feeling  ;  ill-hu- 
mored ;  angry ',  abstracted. 

Moon,  n.  A  satellite  of  this 
earth,  revolving  round  it. 

Moon 'light  (lit),  )  n.  Light  of 

Moon 'slime,         f  the  moon. 

Moon'-struck,  a.  Affected 
by  the  moon  ;  lunatic. 

Mdbr,  ft.  A  black  man  ;  a 
marsh.  —  v.  t.  To  secure,  as 
a  vessel ,  by  means  of  cables 
an*l  anchors. 

Mdbr'ings,  n.  pi.  Anchorsf 
chains,  &c,  to  hold  a  ship. 

Mdbr'ish,  a.  Marshy  ;  fenny. 

Moor'land,  n.  Marshy  land. 


5,a,T,  5,  u,y,  long;  a,S,  \,6,XL,ft short;  cEre.car,  ask,  }ill,wh^t;  Cre,  v§il,  tCrm  ;  pique,  firm  ; 


MOOSE 


173 


MOUSE 


Moose,  n.  An 
animal  of  the 
deer  kind. 

Moot,  v.  t.     To 
discuss  or  de- 
bate.— a.  Dis-        Moose, 
pa  table. 

Mdbt'-else,  n.  A  case  ad- 
mitting of  dispute. 

Mop,  n.  A  cloth,  or  collection 
CI  thrums  for  cleaning 
floors,  &c.  —  v.  t.  To  wipe 
with  a  mop. 

Mope,  v.  i.  To  be  very  dull. 
—  n.     A  stupid  person. 

Mop'ish,  a.    Dull ;  spiritless. 

Mor'al,  a.  Pertaining  to  prac- 
tice or  manners  in  reference 
to  right  and  wrong;  virtu- 
ous; just;  probable. — n. 
The  precept  inculcated  by  a 
fable ;  [pi. )  conduct  ;  be- 
havior. 

Mor'al-ist  (8),  n.  One  who 
teaches  morality. 

Mo-ral'i-ty,  n.  System  or 
practice  of  moral  duties. 

Mor'al-ize,  e.  t.  or  ?'.  To  dis- 
course on  moral  subjects  ;  to 
apply  to  moral  purposes. 

Mor'al-ly,  adv.  Honestly  ; 
according  to  human  judg- 
ment, [duties  of  life. 

Mor'als,  n.  pi.  Practice  of  the 

Mo-rasV,  n.  A  tract  of  wet, 
soft  ground  ;  a  marsh  ;  a  fen. 

M6r'bid,  a.  Not  sound  or 
healthy.  —  Svn.  Diseased  ; 
sickly  ;  sick.  [state. 

Mor'bid-ness,  n.    A  diseased 

MSr'dant,  a.  Serving  to  fix 
colors. — n.  A  substance  to 
fix  colors  in  cloth. 

More,  a.  Greater  in  quantity 
or  number.  —  adv.  To  a 
greater  degree.  —  n.  Greater 
quantity  or  amount. 

Mo-reen',  it.  A  stout  kind  of 
woolen  stuff. 

M6re-6'ver  (17),  adv.  Fur- 
ther; furthermore:  besides. 

Mo-resque'  (mo-resk'),  a. 
Pone  after  the  manner  of 
the  Moors,  as  paintings. 

Morn,  (  n.  The  first  part 

Morn'ing,  J      of  the  day. 

Mo-rde'-eo,  n.  Leather  of 
goat  or  sheep-skin  dressed. 


Mo-rose',  a.    Of  a  sour  tem- 


Mo-rose'ly,  adv.  Sullenly.  | 
Mor'ris,  n.  A  dance  ;  a  game.  [ 
MSr'rbw,  n.     Next  day  after  \ 

the  present. 
Morse,  n.   The  walrus  or  sea- 
horse. 
Mor'sel,  n.    A  bite  ;  a  small  ; 

piece. 
Mor'tal,  a.  Subject  to  death;  j 

deadly  ;    human.  —  n.      A 

human  being. 
Mor-tal'i-ty,  n.  Subjection  to  ' 

death  ;  number  of  deaths,    i 
M6r'tal-ly,   adv.      So  as  to  | 

cause  death  ;  fatally. 
Mor'tar,  n.     A 

kind  of  cement 

for    building  : 

a    vessel 


Mortar. 


used 
for     pounding 
things  in;    a  piece  of  ord- 
nance for  throwing  bombs. 

Mort'gage  (mor'gej),  n.  A 
pledge  of  real  estate.  —  v.  t. 
To  pledge  for  securing  a 
debt. 

Mort'ga-gee'  (mor'-),  n.  One 
to  whom  a  mortgage  is 
given. 

Mort'ga-ger  ( m  or'-) ,  n.  0  ne 
who  executes  a  morteagc. 

Mor'ti-fi-ea/tlon,  n.  Process 
of  corrupting  ;  humiliation. 

M6r'ti-fy,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  cor- 
rupt ;  to  humble. 

Mor'tise,  n.  An  open- 
ing or  cut  to  receive 
a  tenon.  — v.  t.  To 
form  with  a  mortise. 

Mort'main,  n.      An 

inalienable  estate.      Mortise. 

Mo-sa'ie,  n.  Work  variegated 
by'shells  and  stones  of  va- 
rious colors. — a.  Composed 
of  mosaic ;  pertaining  to 
Moses. 

MSsque  (mosk),  n.  A  Moham- 
medan house  of  worship. 

Mos-qui'to  (-ke'-),  t\  (pi. 
Mos-qui'tcs,  IS.)  A  small 
blood-sucking  insect. 

Moss  (2),  n.  A  cellular  plant 
growing  on  trees,  &c.  [moss. 

Moss'y,  a.     Overgrown  with 

Most,  n.  Greatest  in  number 
or      quantity. — «.        The 


greatest  number.  — adv.  In 

the  greatest  degree. 

Most'ly,  adv.  For  the  great- 
est part.  [tide. 

Mote,  ft.  A  very  small  par- 
Moth,  n.    A  winged  insect. 

Moth'er  (miinVer),  n.  A  fe- 
male parent ;  a  slimy  sub- 
stance in  vinegar. 

Moth'er-hobd  (muth'cr-),  n. 
The  state  of  a  mother. 

Moth'er-less,  a.  Destitute 
of  a  mother. 

Motii'er-ly,  a.  Like  a  moth- 
er ;  tender ;  maternal. 

Moth'er- wit,  n.    Native  wit. 

Mo'tion,  n.  Act  of  changing 
place ;  movement ;  a  pro- 
posal made. 

Mo'tion-less,  a.     Quiescent. 

Mo'tive,  a.  Causing  to  move. 
—  n.  That  which  incites  to 
volition  or  action.  —  SYN. 
Inducement  ;  reason. 

Mot'ley,  a.  Variegated  in 
color ;  party-colored. 

Mo'tcr,  n.    A  moving  power. 

Mot'to  (IS),  n.  A  sentence 
prefixed  to  an  essay,  &c. ;  an 
inscription. 

Mould,  Moul'der,  &c.  See 
Mold,  Milder,  &c. 

Moult.     See  Molt. 

Mound,  n.  A  raised  bank  ;  a 
bulwark  ;  a  rampart. 

Mount.n.  A  hill:  mountain-, 
heap.  —  v.  i  To  rise  ;  to 
soar. — v.  l.  To  put  on  any 
thing  that  sustains  and  fits 
for  use  ;  to  ascend. 

Mount'ain,  n.  A  mass  of 
earth  and  rock  higher  than 
a  hill.  [on  a  mountain. 

Mount'am-eer',  n.  A  dweller 

Mount 'ain-ous,  a.  Abound- 
ing with  mountains  ;  hugo. 

Mount 'e-banli,  n.  A  quack- 
doctor  ;  a  boastful  pretender. 

Mourn,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  grieve  ; 
to  lament.  [mourns. 

Mourn'er,     n.        One    who 

Mcurn'ful,  a.  Sorrowful  ; 
lamentable.  [row. 

M5urn'ful-ly,  adv.  With  sor- 

Mourn'ing,  n.  Act  of  sorrow- 
ing ;  dress  of  mourners. 

Mouse  (21),  n.  A  small  well- 
known  animal. 


son,  6r,  do,  wolf,  t«To,  td*ok  ;   flrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft,-  c,  g,  hard;  ag  ;  exist;  n  as  ng;  this. 


MOUSE 

Mouse,  v.i.  To  watch  for  and 
catch  mice ;  to  be  sly. 

Mous'er,  n.  A  cat  that 
catches  mice. 

Mouth,  11.  Tho  aperture  be- 
tween the  lips,  and  the  cav- 
ity within  them  ;  an  open- 
ing, as  of  a  cavern. 

Mouth,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  utter 
with  a  loud,  affected  voice. 

Moutlfful,  n.  As  much  as 
the  mouth  holds  at  once. 

Moutlf-piece,  n.  Part  of  an 
instrument  for  the  mouth  ; 
a  spokesman. 

Mov'a-ble  (11),  a.  Capable 
of  being  moved. 

Mov'a-bles,  ».  pi.  Goods, 
furniture*  &c. 

Move,  v.  t.  To  put  in  motion  ; 
to  excite  to  action  or  com- 
passion ;  to  propose  or  rec- 
ommend. —  v.  i.  To  change 
place  ;  to  act ;  to  make  a 
proposal.  —  n.  Act  of  mov- 
ing ;  movement. 

Mpvc'ment  (10),  n.  Act  of 
moving  ;  change  of  place  ; 
excitement.  — SYN.  Motion. 

Mov'ing,  a.  Changing  place  ; 
pathetic. 

Mow  (mou),  n.  A  pile  of  hay 
in  a  barn. — v.  /.To  heap 
up  in  a  barn. 

Mow,  v.  t.  [imp.  mowed; 
p.  p.  MOWED,  MOWN.]  To 
cut  down  with  a  scythe. 

Mown,  p.  p.  of  Mow. 

Much,  a.  Great  in  quantity 
or  amount. — n.  A  great 
quantity  or  amount.  — adv. 
In  a  great  degree. 

Mu'cd-lage,  n.  A  viscous  or 
adhesive  substance,     [ropy. 

Mffci-lag'i-noiis,  a.   Slimy ; 

Muck,  ii.  A  mass  of  moist 
matter  ;  any  thing  filthy. 

Mu-eous,  a.   Slimy  ;  viscous. 

Mu'-cus,«.  A  slimy  or  viscous 
animal  fluid. 

Mud,  n.  Earth  wet,  soft,  and 
adhesive;  mire. — v.t.  To 
make  foul  with  mad. 

Mtid'dle,  v.  t.  To  make 
muddy  or  confused. 

Mud'dy  (13),  a.  Foul ;  dirty. 
—  v.  t.  To  make  foul;  to 
soil ;  to  dirty. 


174 

I  Muff  (1),  n.  A  warm  fur  cover 
|      for  the  hands.  [cake. 

|  Muffin,  n.  A  light  kind  of 
|  Muffle,  v.  t.  To  cover  close. 
;  Muffler,  n.  A  cover  for  the 
j      face,  head,  or  neck. 

Mufti  ( 18),  n.  An  official  ex- 
pounder of  Mohammedan 
law  in  Turkey,  [drink  from. 

Mug,   11.     A  kind   of  cup  to 

Mug'gy,  a.    Moist  and  close. 

Mu-lat'to,  n.  (pi.  Mu-lat'- 
toes,  18.)  The  child  of  a 
black  and  a  white  person. 

MuPber-ry,  n.  A  tree  and 
its  berry  or  fruit. 

Mulch,  n.   Half- rotten  straw. 

Mulct,  n.  A  pecuniary  pen- 
alty.—  v.  t.  To  punish  by 
a  fine  ;  to  fine. 

Mule,  n.  An  animal  or  plant 
of  a  mongrel  kind,    [mules. 

Miflet-eer',  ».     A  driver  of 

Mul'ish,  a.  Like  a  mule ; 
stubborn ;  perverse. 

Mull  (1),  v.  t.  To  spice  and  ' 
sweeten,  as  wine. 

Mul'Ier,  11.  A  stone  for 
grinding  pigments. 

Muli'ion,  n.  A  bar  in  a  win-  | 
dow  frame,     [great  variety. 

Muf  ti-fa'ri-ous,  a.    Having 

Mufti-form,  a.  Having  va- 
rious forms  or  shapes. 

Mufti-form'i-ty,  n.  Diver- 
sity of  forms,  [many  names. 

Mufti-no'mi-al,  a.    Having 

Mul-tip'ar-tite,  a.  Divided 
into  many  parts. 

Mufti-ped,rc.  An  insect  with 
many  feet. 

Mufti-ple,  11.  A  number  ex- 
actly divisible  by  another. 

Muf  ti-pli-eand' ,  n.  A  num- 
ber to  be  multiplied. 

Mufti-pli-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
multiplying.  [variety. 

Muf  ti-pllc/i-ty,  n.     A  great 

Mufti -plfer,  n.  One  who, 
or  that  which,  multiplies. 

Mufti-ply,  v.  To  increase  in 
numbers.  [number. 

Mufti-tude,     n.         A    groat, 

Muf  ti-tu'di-nous,  .a.  Con- 
sisting of  a  groat  number. 

Mum,  n.  A  sort  of  strong 
beer. 

Mftm'ble,r.     To  mutter. 


MUSEUM 

Mum'mer,  n.  A  masked  buf- 
foon .     [masks  ;  buffoonery . 

Mum'mer-y,   n.      Sport   iu 

Mum'my  (19),  n.  A  dead 
human  body  embalmed. 

Mump'ish,  a.  Grum  ;  sullen. 

Mumps,  n.  Inflammation  of 
the  parotid  gland. 

Munch,  v.  t.  or  ?'.  To  chew 
continuously  upon. 

Mun'dane,  a.  Belonging  to 
this  world. 

Mu-mc/i-pal,  a.  Belonging 
to  a  city  or  corporation. 

Mu-nlc/i-pal'i-ty,  n.  A  dis- 
trict. 

Mu-nifi-gence,  n.  Liberal- 
ity ;  generosity. 

Mu-nif'i-Qent.  a.  Giving  gen- 
erously. —  SYN.  Liberal ; 
beneficent ;  bountiful. 

Mu'ni-ment,  n.  A  fortifica- 
tion ;  a  record  or  title-deed. 

Mu-ni'tion  (-msn/un),  n. 
Materials  for  war.         [wall. 

Mu'ral,  a.     Pertaining  to  a 

Mur'der,  n.  Act  of  killing  a 
human  being  with  premed- 
itated malice.  —  i\  t.  To 
assassinate ;  to  destroy. 

Mur'der-er,  ».  One  who  is 
guilty  of  murder. 

Mur'der-cus,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  guilty  of,  murder. 

Mu'ri-at'ie,  a.  Obtained 
from,  or  having  the  nature 
of,  sea-salt. 

Muvk'y,  o.    Dark  ;  gloomy. 

Mur'mur,  v.  i.  To  mutter; 
to  grumble;  to  purl. — n. 
A  low,  continued  noise  ;  a 
half-suppressed  complaint. 

Mur'rain.  n.  An  infectious 
disease  among  cattle. 

Mus'gle  (nitis'sl),  n.  The 
fleshy  fiber  in  animals ;  a 
certain  shell -fish.        [sugar. 

Mus'-eo-va/do,  n.     Unrefined 

Mus'eu-lar,  a.  "Relating  to 
the  muscles  ;  strong ;  power- 
ful ;  brawny. 

Muse  (18),  n.  Deep  thought; 
(p1.)  the  nine  goddesses  pro- 
Biding  over  the  arts  and 
sciences. — v.  i.  To  think 
deeply. 

Mu-se'um,  n.  A  repository 
or  cabinet  of  curiosities. 


ft,  5,1,5,  u,y,  long;  a,  S,  T,  o,H,y,  short;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what;  ore,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm 


MUSH 

Mush,n.  Food  made  of  maize 
meal.  _  [plant. 

Mush'room,  n.     A  fungous 

Mu'§i«  (5),  n.  Science  of  har- 
monical  sounds  ;  melody  or 
harmony.  [harmonious. 

Mu'sie-al,  a.        Melodious ; 

Mu'sie-al-ly,  adv.  Iu  a  mu- 
sical manner. 

Mu-§i'cian  (-zish'an),  n.  One 
skilled  in  music. 

Musk,  n.  An  animal,  and  a 
strong-scented  substance 
procured  from  it.  —  v.  t.  To 
perfume  with  musk. 

Mus'ket,  n  A  kind  of  fire- 
arm, [general. 

Mus'ket  -ry,  n.    Muskets  in 

Musk'-rnel'on,  n.  A  fra- 
grant species  of  melon. 

Musk'-6x,  n.  A  kind  of  ox 
living  in  the  country  about 
Hudson's  Bay. 

Musk'y,  a.  Having  the  odor 
of  musk.  [cloth. 

Mus'lin,  n.      A  fine  cotton 

Mus-qu'i'to.    See  Mosquito. 

Mus'sul-man  (21),  n.  A  be- 
liever in  the  Koran  ;  a  Mo- 
hammedan. 

Must,  v.  i-  To  be  obliged;  to  be 
morally  fit.  — v.  t.  To  grow 
moldy  or  sour.  —  n.  New 
wine  unfermented. 

Mus-tache',  n.  sing.  )      Hair 

Mus-ta'ghes,  n,  pi.  j  on 
the  upper  Tip. 

Miis'tard,  n.  A  plant,  and  a 
condiment  prepared  from  it. 

Mus'ter,  v.  t,  or  i.    To  as- 


175 

semble.  —  n.  A  review  of 
troops  ;  assemblage  and  dis- 
play, [iness ;  sourness. 

Mus'ti-ness  (13),  n.     Mold- 

Mus'ty,  a.  Aliected  with 
mold ;  stale. 

Mu'ta-bil'i-ty,  n.  Change- 
ableness  ;  inconstancy. 

Mu'ta-ble,  a.  Subject,  or 
given  to,  change  ;  change- 
able;  fickle ;  inconstant. 

Mu-ta'tion,  ft.  Change  or 
process  of  changing. 

Mute,  a.  Silent;  speechless; 
dumb.  —  n.  One  who  is 
silent  or  speechless. 

Mute'ly  (10),  adv.     Silently. 

Mute'ness,  n.     Silence. 

Mu'ti-late,  *.  t.  To  cut  off, 
as  a  limb  ;  to  mangle. 

Mu'ti-la'tion,  n.  Depriva- 
tion of  an  essential  part. 

Mu'ti-neer',  it.  One  who  joins 
in  a  mutiny.         [disorderly. 

Mu'ti-nous,    a.       Seditious ; 

Mu'ti-ny,ra.  An  insurrection 
of  soldiers  or  seamen.  —  v.  i. 
To  rise  against  military  or 
naval  authority. 

Mut'ter,  v.  To  speak  low  and 
sullenly,  or  in  complaint; 
to  murmur ;  to  grun^ble. 

Mut'ton,  n.     Flesh  of  sheep. 

Mut'u-al,  a.  Reciprocal  ; 
acting  in  return. 

Mut'u-al'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  mutual  ;  reciproca- 
tion, [cally. 

Mut'u-al-ly,   adv.     Recipro- 

Muz'zle,  v.  t.    To  fasten  the 


NAMESAKE 

mouth  of.  —  n.  Mouth  and 
nose  of  an  animal ;  a  fasten- 
ing for  the  mouth. 

My,  a.    Belonging  to  me. 

Myr'i-ad,  n.  The  number  of 
10.000  ;  a  large  number. 

Myr'mi-don  (mCr'ml-),  n.  A 
rough  soldier ;  a  ruffian. 

Myrrh  (mer),  n.  An  inspis- 
sated sap.in  drops. 

Myr'tle  (mCr'tl),  n.  A  shrub 
of  several  species.       [other. 

My -self',  pron.   1 ;    not  an- 

Mys-te'ri-oiis,  a.  -  Full  of 
mystery  ;  obscure. 

Mys'ter-y,  n.  A  profound 
secret ;  an  enigma  ;  a  trade. 

Mys'ti-e',  n.  One  who  pro- 
fesses to  have  direct  inter- 
course with  God. 

Mys'tic,       I  a.        Obscure ; 

Mys'tie-al,  J  secret ;  hidden ; 
allegorical ;  emblematical. 

Mys'tie-al-ly,  adv.  With  a 
secret  meauing. 

Mys'ti-gism,  n.  Obscurity 
of  doctrine  ;  the  doctrines 
of  mystics. 

Mys'ti-fy,  v.  t.  To  perplex 
purposely. 

Myth.  n.    A  religious  fable. 

Myth'ie.  a.     Fabulous. 

Myth'o-log'i€,       I  a.      Per- 

Myth'o-log'ie-al, )  taining 
to  mythology. 

My-th'61'o-gist,  n.  One 
versed  in  mythology. 

My-thol'o-gy,  v.  A  system 
of  fabulous  doctrines  re- 
specting heathen  deities. 


N. 


NAB,  v.  t.  To  catch  sud- 
denly ;  to  seize. 

Na'bob,  n.  A  viceroy  in  In- 
dia ;  a  very  rich  man. 

Nl'-ere  (ni'ker,  29),  n. 
Mother  of  pearl. 

Nl'dir,  n.  Point  directly  op- 
posite the  zenith. 

Nag,  n.    A  small  horse. 

Na'iad  (na/yad),  n.  (Eng.  pi. 


Na'iads;  Lat.  pi.  Na'ia- 
de§  or  Na-I'a-des.)  A  water 
nymph. 

Nail,  n.  A  claw ;  a  horny  sub- 
stance on  the  ends  of  the 
fingers ;  an  iron  pin  ;  two 
inches  and  a  quarter.  —  v. 
t.  (8)  To  fasten  with  a  nail. 

Na'ked,  a.  Having  no  cov- 
ering ;  bare ;  nude. 


Na'ked-ly,     adv.      Openly ; 

plainly ;  barrenly. 
Na'ked-ness,  n.    Bareness. 
Name,  n.    Title  ;  reputation. 

—  v.    t.       To    mention    by 

name  ;  to  denominate. 
Name'less  (10),  a.    Having 

no  name. 
Name'ly,  adv.  That  is  to  say. 
i  Name'sake  (17),  n.  A  person 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  to"b,  tdbk  ;  firn,  rue,  pyll ;  e,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  a2  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


NANKEEN 


176 


NEED 


of  the  same  name  as  anoth- 
er, [cotton  cloth. 

Nan-keen',  n.    A  yellowish 

Nap,  n.  A  short  sleep  ;  woolly 
substance  on  cloth. — v.  i. 
To  sleep  a  short  time. 

Nape,  It.  The  back  part  of 
t.io  neck. 

Naph'thA  (nap'thu  or  naf- 
tja),  n.  A  bituminous  and 
inflammable  liquid. 

Nip'kin,  n.  A  cloth  to  wipe 
the  mouth  and  hands. 

Nap'py,  a.  Sleepy  ;  causing 
sleepiness ;  heady  ;  downy. 

Nar-cot'i-e,  a.  Inducing 
sleep.  —  n.    An  opiate. 

Nard,  n.  An  odorous  plant 
and  an  unguent  made  from 
it ;  spikenard. 

Nar'rate,  or  Nar-rate',  v.  t. 
To  tell ;  to  relate. 

Nar-ra'tion,  n.  Relation  ;  re- 
hearsal ;  recital ;  account. 

Nar'ra-tive,  n.  A  recital  of 
particulars ;  a  story. 

Nar'rSw,  a.  Having  little 
width;  close;  covetous. — 
v.  To  make  or  become  less 
broad ;  to  contract. 

Nar'r5w-!y,  adv.  Closely ; 
nearly  ;  hardly  ;  barely. 

Nar'r5v:r;,  ».  pi-  A  narrow 
passage";  a  strait. 

Nar'whal,  n.  A  kind  of 
whale,  called  also  sea-uni- 
corn. 

Na'fsal,  a.  Pertaining  to  the 
nose.  [exist  or  to  grow. 

Nas'gent,   a.     Beginning  to 

Nas'ty,  a.  Dirty ;  iilthy  ;  vile. 

Na'tal,  a.  Relating  to  na- 
tivity or  birth. 

Na'tion,  n.  People  living 
under  one  government ;  a 
race ;  a  stock. 

ITa'ticn-al  (nash'un-),  a. 
Pertaining  to  a  nation. 

NMlon-al'i-tyfnash'un-^n. 
Love  of  one's  nation  ;  a  na- 
tion ;  a  race. 

Na'tive,  a.  Born  with  the 
being;  pertaining  to  the 
place  of  one's  birth.  —  Sy  n. 
Natural ;  natal.  —  n.  One 
born  in  a  place. 

Na-tiv'i-ty,  n.  Time,  place, 
or  circumstances  of  birth. 


Nat'u-ral,  a.  Pertaining  to 
nature ;  regular ;  not  re- 
vealed ;  unaffected.  — n.  An 
idiot ;  a  fool. 

Nat'u-ral-ist,  n.  One  versed 
in  natural  history. 

Nat'u-ral-i-za'ticn,  n.  Ad- 
mission to  native  privileges. 

Nat'u-ral-Ize  (31),  v.  t.  To 
confer  the  rights  of  citizen- 
ship on.  [to  nature. 

Nat'u-ral-ly,  adv.  According 

Nat'ure,  n.  Native  character ; 
kind ;  sort ;  the  creation  or 
universe ;  established  or 
regular  course  ;  natural  af- 
fection, [bad;  vile. 

Naught  (nawt),  w,  Nothing  ; 

Naught' i-ly  (nawt'-),  adv.  In 
a  naughty  manner. 

Naught'i-ness,  n.  Badness ; 
perverseness.  [corrupt. 

Naught'y  (nawt'y),  a.    Bad; 

Nau'se-a(naw'she-a),  n.  Gick- 
iiess  at  the  stomach ;  loath- 
ing; qualm. 

Nau'se-ate  (naw'she-ilt),  t\  t. 
To  affect  or  reject  with  dis- 
gust; to  loathe.  [some. 

Nriu'scous  (-shus),  a.  Loath- 

Nau'ti-C-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
seamen  or  to  navigation. 

Nauti-lUB,  n.  A 
certain  mollusk  or 
its  shell. 

Na'val,  a.  Belong- 
ing to  ships.  Nautilus. 

Nave,  n.  Middle  part  of  a 
church  and  also  of  a  wheel.  ! 

Na'vel(nl'vl),n.  The  middle 
of  the  abdomen.         [ships. 

Nav'i-ga-ble,  a.  Passable  for 

Nav'i-gate,  v. i.  or  I.  To  pass 
with  ships  ;  to  sail. 

Nav'i-ga'ticn,  n.  Act  or  art 
of  navigating  ;  ships  in  gen- 
eral. 

Nav'i-ga/tor,  n.  One  who  di- 
rects the  course  of  a  ship. 

Na'vy,  n.  A  fleet  of  ships, 
especially  of  war-ship*. 

Nay,  adv.  No  ;  a  word  of  de- 
nying.—  n.    Denial. 

Neap,  n.  The  pole  of  a  cart. 
—  a.  Low;  as,  nvnp  tides. 

Near,  a.    Not  distant;  close  ; 
intimate  ;   immediate  ;  cov-  j 
etous.  —  v.  To  approach.  —  j 


adv.  Within  a  little.  — prep. 
Close  by ;  not  far  from .    [ly , 

Near'ly,  adv.  At  hand ;  close- 

Near'ness,  n.    Closeness. 

Near'-sigluVed  (-sit'-),  a. 
Seeing  at  a  small  distance 
only.  [pure. 

Neat,  a.     Very  clean  ;  r.ice  ; 

Weatf-e&tftic,  n.  pL  Oxen 
and  cows. 

Neat'ly,  adv.  Cleanly  ;  nicely. 

Neat'ncss,  n.  Cleanliness; 
niceness ;  purity. 

Neb'u-la,  n.  (pi.  Neb'u-la?, 
25.)  A  faint  misty  spot  in 
the  sky,  composed  of  innu- 
merable stars. 

Neb'u-los'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  nebulous. 

Neb'u-lous,  a.  Resembling 
a  nebula,  or  a  collection  of 
vapors.  [needful. 

Neg'es-sa-ries,n  pi.   Things 

Nec/es-sa-ri-ly,  adv.  From 
necessity  ;  inevitably. 

Nec/es-sa-ry,  a.  Such  as 
must  be ;  indispensable. 

Ne-ces'si-tate,!-.  t.  To  make 
necessary  ;  to  compel. 

Nc-Q3S'si-tous,  a. Very  needy. 

Ne-res'si-ty,  n.  That  which 
must  bo  ;  pressing  need  ; 
cxt-reme  indigence ;  irresist- 
ible force. 

Neck,  n.  The  part  between 
the  head  and  body  ;  a  nar- 
row tract  of  land. 

Neck'eloth,  n.  A  cloth  for 
men's  necks. 

Neck'er-chief  (17),  u.  Aker, 
chief  for  the  neck. 

Neck'lace,  n.  A  string  of 
beads,  &c.,  for  the  r.eek. 

Ne-cr61'o-gy,  n.  A  register 
of  the  dead  or  of  deaths. 

Ne-e'ro-man'Qer,  n.  A  sor- 
cerer ;  a  wizard. 

Ne-e'ro-man'Qy,  n.  Conjura- 
tion ;  sorcery ;  witchcraft. 

Ne-e'tar,  n.  The  fabled  drink 
of  the  gods.  [tar. 

Nc-e-ta'rc-an,  a.     Like  ncc- 

Nee'tar-ine,  n.  A  variety  of 

.    the  peach. 

Ne-e'tar-y ,  n.  The  honey-cup 
of  a  flower. 

Need,  n.  Occasion  for  some- 
thing; urgent  want. — SVN. 


a,  fi,  I,  5, 1,  y,  long ;  a,  6,  T,  5, 0,  y,  short ;  care,  ciir, ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pVquo,  fTrm 


NEEDFUL 

Necessity  ;  exigency  ;  strait. 

—  v.  t.  To  want. — v.i.   To 
be  wanted.  [requisite. 

Need'ful  (17),  a.    Necessary  ; 

Nee'dle(lB),  n.  A  pointed  in- 
strument for  sewing,  and 
for  the  mariner's  compass. 

Kecd'Iess,  ff.     Unnecessary. 

Need'iess-Iy,  adv.  Without 
necessity. 

Needs,  ailt.  Indispensably. 

Need'y,«.  Necessitous  ;  poor. 

Ne'er,  adv.  A  contraction  of 
Never.  [wicked. 

Ne-fa/ri-cus,  a.  Abominably 

Ne-ga'tion,  n.  Denial. 

Neg'a-tfve,  a.  Implying  de- 
nial.—  n.  A  word  indicating 
denial,  as  not. — v.i.  To 
prove  the  contrary  of;  to 
deny.  [or  by  denial. 

NSg'a-tive-ly,  adv.       With 

Neg-le-et',  v.  t.  To  omit  by 
carelessness.  —  n.  Omis- 
sion ;  slight.  [careless. 

Neg-lS-et'ful,   a.      Heedless  ; 

Neg'li-gence,  n.  Habitual 
omission  of  that  which 
ought  to  be  done. 

Neg'li-gent,  a.  Apt  to  neg- 
lect ;  heedless ;  inattentive. 

Ne-go'ti-a-ble  (-shT-a-),  a. 
Capable  of  being  negotiated. 

Ne-gd'ti-ate  (-shi-at),  v.  To 
trade  ;  to  treat  with  ;  to  sell. 

Ne-go'ti-a'tion  ( -shl-a'shun ), 
n.    A  treaty  of  business. 

Ne'gress,  n.  A  femnle  negro. 

Ne'gro,  n.  (pi.  Ne'groes, 
18),  n.  A  black  African,  or*a 
descendant  of  one. 

Ne'gus,  n.  Wine,  water,  su- 
gar, and  lemon-juice,  mixed. 

Neigh  (na),  v.  i.  To  whinny, 
as  a  horse.  —  n.  Voice  of  a 
horse. 

Neigh'bor  (na'bur),  n.  One 
who  lives  near ;  a  country 
or  nation  near. — v.  i.  To 
live  near;  to  adjoin. 

Nqigh'bor-ing  (na'-),  a. 
Living  or  being  near. 

Neigh'bor -hdbd  (na'->,  n.  A 
place  near ;  vicinity. 

Neigh'bor-ly  (na'-),  a.  Culti- 
vating familiar  intercourse. 

Nei'ther  (nS'ther  or  ni'ther  ; 

—  the  former  mode  is  much 


177 

to  be  preferred),  pron.  Not 
either.  —  conj.    Nor. 

Ne-6i'o-gism,  n.  A  new  word 
or  expression. 

Ne-61'o-gist,  n.  One  who 
holds  to  neology. 

Ne-6i'o-gy,  n.  Introduction 
or  u.*e  of  new  words  or 
terms  ;  ne'.v  doctrines,  [vert. 

Ne'o-phyte,  n.     A  new  con- 

Neph'ew  (nefyu  ;  in  Eng. 
neVyg ),  n.  Sou  of  a  brother 
or  sister. 

Ne-phrlt'i-e,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  kidneys.  [relations. 

Nep'o-tigm,  n.  Favoritism  to 

Ne're-id,  n.   A  sea-nymph. 

Nerve  ( 18),  n.  An  organ  of 
sensation  and  motion  in  ani- 
mals ;  firmness  ;  strength. — 
v.  t.  To  give  vigor  to. 

Nerve'less  (10),  a.  Without 
strength. 

Nerv'me  (11),  a.  Good  for 
the  nerves.  —  n.  A  medi- 
cine that  soothes  nervous 
excitement. 

Nerv'ous,  a.  Of  or  pertaining 
to  the  nerves  ;  strong  ;  vig- 
orous ;  having  weak  or  dis- 
eased nerves. 

Nerv'ous-ly,  adv.  In  a  nerv- 
ous manner. 

Nerv'ous-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  nervous.        [norance. 

Nes'cience  (nesh'enss),  n.  Ig- 

Nest,  n.  A  bed  for  birds  or 
insects  ;  a  collection  of  box- 
es, &c. 

Nes'tle  (neVl),  v.  ?'.  To  lie 
close  ;  to  move  restlessly. 

Nest'ling  (neV-),  n.  A" bird 
just  hatched. 

Net,  n.  An  instrument  of 
mesh-work  for  catching  fish 
and  fowls.  —  v.  t.  (7)  To 
make  into  net-work  ;  to  pro- 
duce in  clear  profit.  —  a. 
Clear  of  all  charges  and  de- 
ductions. 

Neth'er,  a.   Lower  ;  infernal. 

Netb/er-most,  a.  Lowest. 

Net'ting,  n.  A  piece  of  net- 
work. 

N&t'tle,  n.  A  prickly  plant. 
—  v.  t.  To  sting  ;  to  vex. 

Net'-work  (-wflrk),  n.  Work 
wrought  for  or  like  a  net. 


NICTITATION 

Neu-ral'gi-a,  n.  Acute  pain 
in  the  nerves. 

Neu-ral'gi-e,  a.  Relating  to 
neuralgia. 

Neu/ter,  a.  Of  neither  party  ; 
of  neither  gender. 

Neu'tral,  a.  Not  of  cither 
party.  — n.  One  that  takes 
no  part  in  a  contest. 

Neu-trai'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  neutral :  indifference. 

Neu'lral-i-za'ticn,  n.  Act  of 
rendering  neuter,    [neutral. 

Neu'tral-ize,  v.  t.  To  render 

Nev'er,  adv.    At  no  time. 

Nev'er-tlie-less',  adv.  Not- 
withstanding; however;  yet. 

New  (nii).,  a.  Fresh  :  recent; 
modern.  [formed. 

New-fan'gled,    a.        Newly 

Ncw'ly,  adv.  Freshly  ;  lately. 

New'ress,  n.  Freshness  ; 
novelty  ;  recent  charge. 

News,  n.    Fresh  information. 
I  News'mon'ger  (-mQng'ger), 
I      n.  "A  dealer  in  news. 
!  New§'pa-per,  n.    A  paper  to 
I      circulate  news. 
|  Newt  (nut),  v.  A  small  lizard. 

Next,  a.  Nearest  in  place, 
time  or  rank.  —  adv.  At  the 
time  or  turn  nearest. 

Nib,  n.  A  point,  as  of  a  pen  ; 
the  end  of  a  beak. 

Nib'ble.f.  A  little  bite.,— 
r.  »'.  or  t.    To  cat  slowly. 

Nic^e,  a.  Pleasing;  exact; 
fine  ;  refined  ;  squeamish. 

Nic,e'ly,  adv.  Accurately  ; 
delicately. 

NI'c,e-ty,  n.  Accuracy  ;  mi- 
nuteness ;  delicacy.       [wall. 

Niche,  n.  A  small  recess  in  a 

Nick,  n.  A  notch  ;  a  score 
for  keeping  an  account ;  ex- 
act point.  —  v.  t.  To  cut  in 
notches  ;  to  hit.         [metal. 

Nick'el,  n.     A  grayish-white 

Nick'-nacks,  n.  pi.  Small 
wares  ;  trifles. 

Nick'name,  n.  A  name  in 
sport  or  contempt.  —  r.  t 
To  name  in  contempt  or 
familiarity. 

Ni-e'tate,   "  )  v.  ?'.    To  wink ; 
i  Ni-e'ti-tate,  j     to  blink, 
i  Ni«-ta'tion.       I  n.     The  net 
|  Ni-e'ti-ta'tion,  j    of  winking. 


«6n,  6r,  do,  wolf,  tab,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft 
12 


€,  g,  Imrd;  ag  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


NIECE 


178 


NON-RESISTANCE 


Niece,  n.     A  daughter  of  a 

brother  or  sister. 
Nig'gard,  ft.  A  stingy  person. 
Nig'gard,       I    a.       Sordidly 
Nlg'gard-ly,  j        parsimoni- 
ous ;  meanly  covetous. 
Nigh  (ni),  a.     Near;    allied 

closely.  —  adv.         Nearly  ; 

closely. — prep.     Near  to. 
Night  (nit),  n.     Time  from 

sunset  to  sunrise. 
Nlght'cap  (nit'-),  ft.     A  cap 

worn  in  bed.  [of  day. 

NTght'-fall  (nit'-),  n.    Close 
Night/gown  (nit'-),    n.      A 

loose  gown  worn  in  bed. 
NIght'hawk  (n!f-),»-  A  bird 

that  hunts  its  prey  toward 

evening. 
NIght'in-gale  (nit'-),  n.    A 

small    bird    that    sings    at 

night. 
Nlght'ly  (nhVly),  a.      Done 

by    night.  —  adv.       Every 

night. 
Night'mare  (nit'-),  n.     Sen- 
sation    of    weight    on    the 

breast  in  sleep. 
NIght'shade  (nit'-),  «.      A 

plant    with     small     white 

ilowers. 
NIght'-watch  (nit'-),  n.    A 

division  or    period    of    the 

night ;  guard  at  night. 
Ni-hil'i-ty,  n.     Nothingness. 
Nlm'ble,  a.    Light  and  quick 

in  motion  ;  brisk  ;  agile. 
Nim'bly,  adv.    With  agility. 
Nlm'bus,  n.      Circle  of  rays 

round  the  head  ;  a  halo. 
Nine,  a.        Eight    and    one 

added.  [or  game. 

NIne'pins,  n.  A  kind  of  play 
Nine'teen,  a.  Nine  and  ten. 
NInc'ti-eth,a.  Ordinal  of  90. 
Nine'ty,  a.  Nine  times  ten. 
Nin'ny,  ft.  A  simpleton. 
Ninth,  ft.  The  ordinal  of  nine. 
Nip,  v.  t.    To  pinch  ;  to  blast, 

as  by  frost ;  to  destroy  ;  to 

bite.  —  n.  A  pinch  ;  a  blast. 
Nip'pers,  n.  pi.  Small  pinch- 
Nip'ple,  n.  A  teat.  [ers. 
Nit,  n.  The  egg  of  an  insect. 
NTt'id,  a.  Shining  :  gay. 
Ni'ter  I  (29),  n.  Nitrate  of 
Nl'tre  J       potassa,    a    white 

chemical  salt 


1  Nl'trate,  n.  A  salt  formed  of 

nitric  acid  and  a  base. 
!  Ni'trio,  a     Containing  niter. 
[  Ni'tro-gen,  n.  A  gas,  having 
no  taste  or  smell. 
Ni'trous,  a.     Pertaining  to, 

or  containing,  niter. 
No,   adv.     A  word  of  denial. 

—  a.  Not  any  ;  none. 
No-bi'1'i-ty,  n.      Dignity   of 

miud;  distinction  of  family 
or  rank ;  body  of  nobles. 
No'ble,    a.      Dignified    from 
rank,  intellect,  or  character. 

—  SYN.  Exalted;  elevated; 
honorable. — n.  A  person 
of  rank. 

■  No'ble-man  (21),  n.  A  man 
of  rank. 

No'ble-ness,  ft.  Greatness  of 
mind  ;  dignity  ;  worth. 
j  Noblesse',  or  No'blesse,  n. 
Body  of  nobles. 

No'bly,  adv.  With  dignity  ; 
|  with  greatness  of  soul, 
i      splendor,  &c.  [one. 

j  No'bod-y,  ft.    No  person  ;  no 

No-e-tam'bu-list,  ft.  One  who 
j      walks  in  sleep. 

Noe-tur'nal,a.    Nightly. 

N6d,  ft.  A  quick  inclination 
of  the  head.  —  v.  i.  To  bow 
the  head. 

N6d'dle,  ft.     The  head. 

Nod'dy,  ft.     A  simpleton. 

Node,  ft.  A  knot ;  point 
where  the  orbit  of  a  planet 
intersects  the  ecliptic. 

N6d'u-lar,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  in  the  form  of,  a  nodule. 

Nod'ule,  n.  A  rounded  mass 
of  irregular  shape. 

Nog,  ft.  A  little  pot:  a  nog- 
gin ;  strong  ale  ;  a  wooden 
pin.  [wooden  cup. 

NOg'gin,  ft.     A  small  mug  or 

Noise  (18),  n.  Sound  of  any 
kind.  — v.  i.  or  I.  To  sound 
loud.  [noise. 

Noise'less,    a.      Making  no 

NoPsi-ly,  adv.  With  noise. 
i  Noi'si-ness,  ft.  State  of  be- 
i      tag  noisy. 

Noi'some,  a.  Offensive  ;  hurt- 
ful and  disgusting. 

Noi'sy  (imi'zy),  a.  Clamor- 
ous  ;  boisterous:  turbulent. 

Nom'ad,  n.      One  who  leads 


a  wandering    and   pastoral 
liTe.  [place  to  place. 

No-mad'i-e^a^  Moving  from 

No'men-elat'ure,  n.  System 
of  names  iu  any  art  or 
science. 

Nom'i-nal,  a.  Existing  in 
name  only  ;  not  real.    [only. 

Nom'i-nal-ly,  adu.    In  namo 

Nom'i-nate,  v.  t.  To  name; 
to  propose.        [nominating. 

Nom/i-na'tion,  n.      Act   of 

N6m'i-na-tive,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  a  name. — n.  Case 
in  which  the  subject  of  a 
verb  stands. 

NonVi-nee',  ft.  One  desig- 
nated by  another. 

N6n'age,n.    Minority  in  age. 

Non'-at-tend'ance,  «,  A 
failure  to  attend. 

Nony-eon-du-et'or,".  A  sub- 
stance that  does  not  trans- 
mit heat  or  electricity. 

Non'-eon-form'ist,  n.  One 
who  does  not  conform  to  an 
established  church. 

Non'-eon-form'i-ty,  w.Want 
of  conformity. 

N6n'de-soript,  a.  Not  hith- 
erto described.  . 

None  (ntin  ornon),a.  kpron. 
No  one ;  not  any. 

Non-en' ti-ty,n.  A  thing  not 
existing. 

Nones,  w.  pi.  In  ancient 
Rome,  the  7th  of  March, 
May,  July,  and  October, 
and  the  5th  of  the  other 
months.  [has  no  equal. 

None'such,  ft.     A  thing  that 

N6n'-ex-ist'ence,  n.  Want 
of  existence. 

Non-ju'ror,  or  N6n'-ju-ror, 
ft.  One  who  refuses  to 
swear  allegiance. 

Non-pa-reil',  (-reP),  n.  A< 
small  kind  of  type  like  that 
here  used. 

N6n'plus,  ft.  A  puzzle.—  v.  t. 
To  puzzle  :  to  confound. 

Non-res'i-dent,  n.  Not  re- 
siding in  a  particular  place. 
—  ??.  One  who  does  not  re- 
side on  his  estate. 

Non'-re-gist'ange,  n.  Sub- 
mission* to  authority  or 
power  without  opposition. 


cnemicai  salt.  JNom'aa,  n.      une  wno  leads        power  without  opposition. 

,e,I,5,  ft,  J, long;  a,  8, 1,  6,u,y,  short;  care,  car,  U8k,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pVque,  firm ; 


NON-RESISTANT 


179 


NUMISMATICS 


NSn'-re-si'st'ant,  a.  Not  re- 
sisting power  or  oppression. 

Non'sense,  n.  Words  with- 
out meaning  or  importance. 

Non-sens'ie-al,  a.  Unmean- 
ing; absurd;  foolish. 

Non'suit,  n.  The  stopping 
of  a  suit  at  law.  — v.  t.  To 
adjudge  that  a  plaintiff 
drops  his  suit. 

N<Jbk,«.   A  corner ;  a  recess. 

Ndbn,  n.    Middle  of  the  day. 

Nqon'day,  I  n.        Mid-day  ; 

Noon'tide,  i     time  of  noon. 

Ndbn'ing,  n.  Repose  at  noon. 

No~bse  (or  no~oz),  ft.  A  run- 
ning knot. 

Noose  (ncToz),  r.  t.  To  catch 
in  a  noose.  [nies. 

Nor,  conj.    A  word  that  de- 

Nor'raal,  a.  Regular  :  teach- 
ing rudiments  or  principles. 

North,  ft.  Point  opposite 
the  south.  —  a.  Being  in  the 
north,    [the  north  and  cast. 

North -east',?!.  Point  between 

N6rth-east'ern,a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  north-east. 

N6rth'er-ly,  a.  Being  to- 
ward, or  from,  the  north. 

North'ern,  a.  Being  in,  or 
toward,  or  from,  the  north. 

North'ward,  a.  Being  to- 
ward the  north.  —  adv.  In 
a  northern  direction. 

North-west',  ft.  The  point 
between  the  north  and  west. 
—  a.  Being  in,  or  proceed- 
ing from,  the  north-west. 

N6rth-west'ern,a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  north-west. 

N5se,  n.  Prominent  part  of 
the  face  ;  organ  of  smell.  — 
v.  t.  To  smell;  to  lead 
blindly.  [flowers. 

Nose'gay,  n.     A  bunch  of 

No-s61'0-gy,n.  Classification, 
of  diseases.  [the  nose. 

NSs'tril,  ft.  A  passage  through 

Nos'trum.  n.  A  medicine, 
the  ingredients  of  which  are 
not  made  public. 

Not,  adv.  A  word  that  ex- 
presses denial  or  negation. 

NGt'a-ble,  a.  Remarkable ; 
•  conspicuous ;  noted. 

Not'a-ble,  a.  Actively  in- 
dustrious. 


N5t'a-bly,  adv.  Remarkably ; 
eminently.  [ously. 

Not'a-bly,    adv.      Industri- 

No-ta'ri-al,  a.  Relating  to, 
or  done  by,  a  notary. 

N6'ta-ry  (19),  n.  An  officer 
who  attests  writings. 

No-ta'tion,  ft.  Act  of  noting 
by  figures,  or  characters. 

Notch  CIS),  it.    A  cut  or  nick. 

Note,  ft.  A  mark  ;  a  token; 
a  short  writing ;  a  charac- 
ter in  music  ;  a  paper  prom- 
ising payment  of  a  debt.  — 
v.  t.  To  set  down ;  to  ob- 
serve closely ;  to  denote. 

Note'-bdbk,  n.  Book  for 
notes  or  memoranda. 

Not'ed,  a.  Well  known  by 
reputation  or  report. 

Notn'ing  (nuth'iug  or  noth'- 
iug),  n.    Not  any  thing. 

Noth'ing-ness  (or  nothing-), 
ft.  Non-existence  ;nonent.tyk 

No'tige,  ft.  Attention;  re- 
mark ;  regard ;  information. 
—  v.  t.    To  observe ;  to  sec. 

N6'tice-a-ble,  a.  Worthy  of 
observation.  [notifying. 

NS'ti-fi-ea/tion,  n.     Act  of 

N6'ti-fy  (13),  v.  t.  To  de- 
clare ;  to  make  known. 

No'tion,  ft.  Conception; 
opinion  ;  sentiment ;  a  trifle. 

N6'tion-al,  a.  Existing  in  idea 
only  ;  whimsical ;  fanciful. 

No'to-rl'e-ty,  n.  Public 
knowledge  or  exposure. 

No-to'ri-ous,  a.  Publiclv 
known  (usually  to  disad- 
vantage). 

NSt'with-stand'ing,  p.  pr. 
(commonly  called  an  adv.  or 
acenj.)     Nevertheless. 

Nought  ( naw  t ) .    See  Na  ugh  t . 

Noun,  n.  A  word  which  is  the 
name  of  any  thing. 

Nour'ish,  v.  t.  lo  support 
with  food;  to  nurture;  to 
feed ;  to  cherish. 

Nour'ish -ment,  n.  Food: 
sustenance ;  nutrition. 

NSv'el,  a.  New  ;  recent ; 
unusual. — n.  A  fictitious 
tale.  [novels. 

Nov'el-ist  (8),  n.  A  writer  of 

Nov'el-ty,  ii.  Newness;  a 
new  thing. 


No-v5m'ber,  «.  Eleventh 
mouth  of  the  year. 

N6v'ice,  ft.    A  beginner 

No-vi'ti-ate  (-vish>i-it),  n. 
State  of  a  novice ;  a  novice. 

Now,  adv.   At  this  time. 

Now'a-days,  adv.  At  the 
present  time.  [or  state. 

No'where,  adv.    In  no  place 

No'wise,  adv.   By  no  means. 

Nox'icus  (nok'shus),  a. 
Hurtful ;  destructive. 

Ndz'zle,  n.    A  nose -.snout. 

Nu'-ele-us,_«.  (pi.  Nu'ele-us- 
es,  or  Nu'-ele-i,  25.)  A  body 
about  which  any  thing  ia 
collected;  body  of  a  comet. 

Nude,«.    Bare ;  naked. 

Nu'di-ty,  n.    Nakedness. 

Nu'ga-to-ry ,  a.  Of  no  force  ; 
tritiing;  vain. 

Nug'get,  ft.  A  lump  of  metal 
or  ore. 

Nui'sange,  n.  That  which  is 
offensive  to  the  public. 

Null  (1),  a.Void;  of  no  force. 

NuPli-fi-ea'tion,  n.     Act  of 

•  nullifying. 

Nul'li-fy,  v.  t.  To  make  void. 

Nul'ii-ty,  n.  Want  of  force  ; 
any  thing  void  or  invalid. 

Numb  (nfim),  a.  Torpid; 
void  of  feeling.  —  v.  t.  To 
deprive  of  feeling.  —  Syn. 
To  deaden  ;  chill ;  stupefy. 

Num'ber,  n.  A  unit  or  any 
assemblage  of  units  ;  meas- 
ure; poetry;  verse;  (pi.) 
fourth  book  of  the  Penta- 
teuch.—  v.  t.  To  count; 
to  reckon  ;  to  enumerate. 

Num'ber-less,  a.  More  than 
can  be  counted. 

Nu'mer-al,  a.  Relating  to 
number.  —  n.  A  figure  or 
letter  to  express  a  number. 

Nu'mer-a/ticn,  n.  Act  or 
art  of  numbering. 

Nu'mer-a/tor,  n.  A  number 
that  shows  how  many  parts 
are  taken.  [number. 

Nu-mSr'i€-al,  a.      Denoting 

Nu-mer'i-e-al-ly,  adv.  With 
respect  to  number. 

Nu'mer-ous,  a.  Being  or 
containing  many. 

Nu'mis-mat'i-es.n.  sing.  The 
science  of  coins  and  medals. 


e6n,  6r,  do,  wolf,  to"o,  tcTok ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  a>  ;  exist ;  n  a3  ng ;  this. 


NUMSKULL 

Num'skull  (17),  n.  A  block- 
head ;  a  dunce  ;  a  dolt. 

Nun,  n.  A  woman  devoted 
to  a  religious  life,  and  living 
in  a  cloister. 

Nu.n'ci-o  (-shi-),  n.  Embas- 
sador of  the  pope- 

Nim-cu'pa-tive,  or  Nun'eu- 
pa'tlve,  a.  Verbally  pro- 
nounced ;  not  written. 

Niin'ner-y,  v.  A  house  for 
nuns  ;  a  cloister. 

Niip'tial  (ndp'shal),  a.  Per- 
taining to  marriage. 

Nup'tial§,  n.  pi.     Marriage. 

Nurse,  n.  One  who  tends  a 
child  or  a  sick  person.  —  v. 


180 

/.  To  tend,  as  a  child ;  to 
tend,  as  a  sick  person. 

Nurs'er-y,  n.  A  room  for 
young  children  ;  a  planta- 
tion of  joung  trees. 

Nurs'ling  (10),  n.  One  who 
is  nursed  ;  au  infant. 

Nurt'ure,  n.  That  which 
nurtures ;  education.  —  v.  t. 
To  feed ;  to  educate ;  to 
nourish. 

Nut,  n.  A  fruit  consisting  of 
a  hard  shell  and  a  kernel ;  a 
small  block  for  holding  a 
bolt. 

Nu-ta'tion,  n.  A  vibratory 
motion  of  the  earth's  axis. 


OBLIQUITY 

Nut'-gall,  n.  Excrescence  of 
the  oak. 

Nut'meg,  n.  A  kind  of  aro- 
matic nut  used  in  cookery. 

Nu'tri-ment,  n.  That  which 
nourishes.  —  Syn.  Aliment ; 
diet ;  nourishment ;  food. 

Nu'tri-ment'al,  ) 

Nu-tri'ticus  (-trTsh'us),  J  a- 
Nourishing ;  nutritive. 

Nu-trl'tion(-trish'ui)),M.  Act 
of  nourishing  ;  that  which 
nourishes ;  nutriment. 

Nu'tri-tlve,  a.  Nutritious  ; 
nourishing. 

Nymph,  n.  A  goddess ;  a 
maiden. 


0. 


Ointnj.  used  in  calling  or 
,  in  direct  address  ;  also, 
to  express  pain,  grief,  sur- 

_  prise,  desire,  &c. 

Oaf,  n.  A  changeling  ;  a  dolt. 

Oak,  n.     A  valuable  tree. 

Oak'en,  a.     Made  of  oak. 

Oak'um,  n.  Old  ropes  pulled 
to  pieces,  and  used  for  calk- 

_  ing  the  seams  of  ships,  &c. 

Oar,  n.  An  instrument  to  row 
boats.  —  v.     To  row  or  ini- 

_  pel  by  rowing. 

C'a-sis,  or  O-a'sis,  n.  {pi.  6'- 
a-ses,  or  0-a'se§.)  A  fertile 

_  spot  in  a  desert. 

Oat,  n.    A  plant  and  its  seed 

_  [used  chiefly  in  the  plural]. 

Oat'en,  a.  Pertaining  to  oats. 

Oath,  n.  A  solemn  affirma- 
tion with  an  appeal  to  God 
for  its  truth ;  a  blasphemous 
use  of  the  name  of  Clod  or 
Christ. 

Ob-du'ra-^y,  or  6b'du-ra- 
5y,  n.  State  of  being  obdu- 
rate ;  invincible  hardness  of 
heart ;  stubbornness. 

Ob'du-rate,  or  Ob-du'rate, 
a.  Inflexibly  hardened  in 
feelings,  esp.  against  moral 
influence.  —  Syn.  Callous  ; 
hardened ;  stubborn. 


O-be'di-enge,  n.  Compliance 
with  what  is  required. 

O-be'di-ent,  a.  Willing  to 
obey  ;  submissive  to  restraint 
or  control.  — Syn.  Dutifui; 
subservient;  compliant;  ob- 
sequious. 

0-bei'sane.e  {-ha'-  or  -b^.'-),n. 
Act  of  rever- 
ence ;  a  bow. 

Ob'e-lisk,  n.  A 
kind  of  quad- 
rangular pil- 
lar or  monu- 
ment. 

O-bese',  a.  Ex- 
cessively fat. 

O-bese'ness, 

O-bes'i-ty, 

0-bey',v.  t.     To  comply  with 

^  the  orders  of;  to  perform. 

6b'fus-ea'tion,n.  A  darken- 
ing or  confusing,     [decease. 

O'bit,  or  Ob'it,  n.    Death  : 

O-bit'u-a-ry,  n.  A  notice  of 
the  death  of  a  person.  —  o. 
Relating  to  the  death  of  a 

^  person. 

Ob'je-et.  n.  That,  on  which 
the  mind  is  employed  ;  end  ; 
aim  :  motive. 

Ob-ieet',  v.  t.  To  present  or 
offer  in  opposition.  < 


corpulence. 


Ob-jeVtion,  n.  Adverse  rea- 
son, [to  objections. 

Ob-jS-e'tion-a-ble,  a.    Liable 

Ob-je-ct'ive,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  object ;  outward  ;  exter- 
nal. 

Ob-je€t'or,  n.  One  who  ob- 
jects. 

Ob-jur'ga-to-ry,  a.  Designed 
to  chide  or  reprove. 

Ob-late',  a.  Flattened  or  de- 
pressed at  the  poles. 

Ob-la'tion,  n.    An  offering. 

Ob'li-gate,  v.  t.    To  bind  by 

w  contract  or  duty. 

Ob'li-ga'tion,  n.  The  binding 
force  of  a  vow,  law,  or  duty  ; 

_  a  bond. 

Ob'li-ga-to-ry,  a.  Imposing 
an  obligation  ;  binding. 

O-blige',  r.  t.  To  consrrain  ; 
to  bind  by  a  favor ;  to  grati- 
fy. 

O-bllg'ing,  a.  Disposed  to 
do  favors  ;  engaging. 

Ob-1'ique'  Heck'  or  -lik'),  a. 
Deviating  from  a  right  line  ; 
not  parallel  ;  indirect. 

Ob-llque'ly  (-leek'-  or  -lik'-), 

niiv.    Not  directly. 
Ob-liq'ui-ty(-lIk'sv!-),w.  De- 
viation from  a  right  line,  or 
from  moral  rectitude. 


a,  e,  T,  o,  u,  y,  long ;  a,  C,  T,  0,  ii,  y,  short ;  care,  car, ask,  all,  wh$t ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pVque,  firm 


OBLITERATE 


181 


OCULIST 


Ob-Kt'er-ate,  v.  t.  To  blot 
out ;  to  erase  ;  to  efface. 

Ob-Kt'er-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
blotting  out ;  extinction. 

Ob-liv'i-on,  n.  Forgetfulness. 

Ob-liv'i-ous,  a.    Causing  for- 

^  getfulaess  ;  forgetful. 

Ob'long,     a.      Longer    than 

w  broad. 

Ob'lo-quy,  n.  Calumnious 
language. —Syn.  Slander; 
calumny ;  abuse. 

Ob-n6x'ious  (-nok'shus),  a. 
0;Tensive  ;  odious  ;  liable  ; 
exposed. 

O'bo-e,  n.  A  wind  instrument 
sounded  through  a  reed. 

Ob-6'vate,  a.  Ovate  with  the 
narrow  end  downward. 

Ob-scene',  a.  Grossly  indeli- 
cate and  disgusting. 

Ob-scen'i-ty,  n.  Impurity  in 
expression,  or  in  representa- 
tion.  [darkening. 

Ob'seu-ra'tion,  n.      Act  of 

Ob-s-eure',  a.  Dark ;  gloomy  ; 
not  easily  understood  ;  not 
much  known.  —  v.  t.  To 
darken  ;  to  make  less  clear 
or  beautiful.  [dimly. 

Ob-scure'ly,    adv.     Darkly  ; 

Ob-seu'ri-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  obscure  ;  darkness  ; 
privacy. 

Ob'se-quTes  (-kwiz),  n.  pi. 
Funeral  solemnities. 

Ob-se'qui-ous,  a.  Meanly 
submissive  or  compliant. 

Ob-se'qui-ous-ly,  ado.  With 
servile  compliance,     [viiity. 

Ob-se'qui-ous-ness,  n.     Ser- 

Ob-s5rv'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  observed ;  remarkable. 

Ob-s5rv'ange,  n.  Attention. 

Ob-§3rv'ant,  a.    Regardful. 

Ob'ger-va'fcion,  n.  Act  of 
observing ;  remark  ;  notice. 

Ob-s3rv'a-to-ry,  n.  A  place 
for  astronomical  observa- 
tions. 

Ob-§3rve\  v.  t.  To  see ;  to 
notice ;  to  utter,  as  a  re- 
mark, [serves. 

Ob-§3rv'er,  n.    One  wLo  ob- 

Ob-sSs'sion  (-sesh'un),  n.  Act 
of  besieging. 

Gb'so-les'Qent,  a.  Going  out 
of  use. 


Ob'so-lcte,  a.  Disused  ;  out 
of  date. 

6b'sta~ele,  n.  That  which 
hinders ;  obstruction. 

Ob-stet'ri«,    a.      Pertaining 
i      to  midwifery. 
I  Ob-stet'ries,  n.  sing.  Science  [ 

_  of  midwifery.  [ness. 

Ob'sti-na-Qy,  n.  Stubborn-  | 
;  Ob'sti-nate,  a.  Stubborn  ; 
stiff;  pertinacious,  [bornly. 
\  6b'sti-nate-ly,  adv.  Stub- 
;  Ob-strep'er-ous,  a.  Clainor- 
!      ous  ;  loud  ;  turbulent. 

Ob-strnet',  v.  t.    To  hinder  ; 
I      to  stop  ;  to  block  up. 
I  Ob-strue'tion,  n.  That  which 
!      obstructs.  —  Syn.  Obstacle. 

Ob-strivct'ive,  a.  Hindering. 

Ob-tain',  v.  t.  To  gain ;  to 
get.  —  v.  i.  To  become 
prevalent  or  general. 

Ob-tain'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  obtained. 

Ob-test',  v.  t.    To  call  to  wit- 

w  ness  ;  to  beseech. 

Ob'tes-ta'tion,  n.  Supplica- 
tion ;  entreaty. 

Ob-trude',  v.  t.  To  thrust 
in  or  upon  ;  to  urge  upon 
against  the  will. 

Ob-tru'sion,  n.  Act  of  ob- 
trudirTg. 

Ob-tru'sivc,  a.  Disposed  to 
obtrude. 

Ob-tuse',  a.  Not  acute  ;  dull ; 
obscure.  [manner. 

Ob-tixsc'ly ,  ad  v .  In  an  obtuse 

Ob-tusc'ness  (10),  n.     Want 

^  of  sharpness  or  readiness. 

Ob'verse,  n.    Face  of  a  coin. 

Ob-vert',  v.  t.  To  turn  to- 
ward or  downward. 

5b'vi-ate,  v.  t.  To  meet  ;  to 
prevent ;  to  clear  the  way  of. 

5b'vi-ous,  a.  Evident ;  clear. 

5b'vi-ous-ly,  adv.  Evidently. 

O-e-ei'sion,  n.  Opportunity  ; 
incident ;  accidental  cause  ; 
need;  exigence. — v.  I.  To 
cause  incidentally. 

O-e-ea'sion-al,  a.  Occurring 
at  times  ;  produced  by  acci- 
dent ;  casual ;  incidental. 

Oe-ei'sion-al-ly,  adv.  Upon 

_  occasion  ;  at  times. 

Oe'gi-dent,  n.  The  west. 
i  0-c'ci-dent'al,  a.  Western. 


0€-Qip'i-tal,  a.  Pertaining  to 

^  the  back  part  of  the  head. 

Oe'gi-put,  n.  The  hinder  part 
of  the  head.  [up. 

Oe-elu'sion,  n.    A  shutting 

Oe~eult'La.  Secret;  hidden. 

Oe'-eul-ta'tion,    n.     Act   of 

_  concealment ;  a  hidinsr. 

O-e'eu-pan-gy,  n.  Possession. 

0€'<5U-pant,  ».  One  who  takes 

_  or  hoids  possession. 

Oe^u-pa'tion,  n.  Act  of  oc- 
cupying; business;  posses- 
sion; employment. 

Oe'-eu-py  (13),  v.  t.  To  hold ; 
to  keep  ;  to  employ  ;  to  use 

0€--eur',  v.  i.  To  be  found 
here  and  there ;  to  come  to 
the  mind.  [event 

O-c-eur'renge,  n.   Any  single 

O'cean  (o'shun),  n.  The 
largest  body  of  water  on  tho 
earth,  or  one  of  the  chief 

_  divisions  of  it. 

O'ce-an'ic  (-she-),  a.  Pertain- 

_  ing  to  the  ocean. 

O'-eher  )  (29),  n.  Claycontain- 

6'ehre  I      ing  iron. 

0-e'ta-ehord ,  n.  An  instru- 
ment   or    system    of  eight 

^  sounds. 

Oe'ta-gon,  n.  A. 
figure  of  eight  | 
sides  and  angles. 

Oe-tajf'o-nal,     a. 

Containing  eight  Octagon, 
angles  and  sides. 

OVta-he'dral,  a.  Having 
eight  equal  faces. 

Oe'ta-he'drcn,  n. 
A  figure  of  eighty 
equal  sides. 

Oe-tan'gU-lar,  a.  Octahedron. 

^  Having  eight  angles. 

Oe'tave,  n.  (Mm.)  The  inter- 
val between  one  and  eight 
of  the  scale. 

O-e-ta'vo  (18),  n.  A  book 
with  eight  leaves  to  a  sheet. 

Oc-ten'ni-al,rt.  Coming  once 
in  eight  years,   [of  the  year. 

Oe-to'ber,  n.     Tenth  month 

Oe'to-ge-na'ri-an,  n.  A  per- 
son eighty  years  of  age. 

Oe'u-lar,  a.  Known  by,  or 
relating  to,  the  eye. 

6c'u-list,  n.  One  skilled  in 
diseases  of  the  eye. 


4Sk 


son,  or,  dej,  wolf,  to"o,  tdbk;  urn,  rtje,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  e^ist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


ODD 

Odd  (3),  a.  Uneven  in  num- 
ber; strange;  peculiar. 

Odd'i-ty,  n.  Singularity;  a 
singular  person,  [strangely 

Odd'ly  (9),  adv.     Unevenly  ; 

Odds,  n.  pi.    Inequality  ;  ex- 

_  cess  ;  advantage.  [>ong. 

Ode,  n.      A   short  poem  ;    a 

O-de'on,  n.  A  kind  of  theater. 

O'di-ous,  a.    Very  offensive  ; 

_  hateful ;  detestable. 

O'di-um,  n.     Quality  of  pro- 

_  voking  hate.  [perfume. 

Q'dor(33),  n.     Scent;  smell; 

O'dor-if  er-ous,  a.  Fragrant. 

O'dor-oiis,  a.  Sweet  of  scent ; 

_  fragrant. 

0"er,  contraction  of  Over. 

Of  (ov,  1),  prep.  From,  or  out 
from  ;  pi-oceeding  from  ;  be- 
longing or  relating  to. 

Off,  adv.  denoting  distance. 
— prep.      Distant    from.  — 

_  inter).  Away ;  begone. 

Offal,  n .  Carrion ;  putrid 
meat ;  refuse. 

Of-fenge',  n.  See  Offense. 

Of-fend',  v.  t.  To  displease  ; 
to  make  angry.  [tends! 

Of-fend'er,  n.     One  who  of- 

Of-fense'  (27),  n.  Act  of  of- 
fending ;  displeasure ;  an- 
ger ;  injury  ;  fault ;  sin. 

Of-fen'sive,  a.  Displeasing; 
obnoxious ;  used  in  attack. 

Offer  (8),  v.  t.  or  i.  To  pre- 
sent ;  to  propose  ;  to  bid  ;  to 
undertake.  —  n.  A  proposal ; 
price  bid. 

Of  fer-ing,  ft.  A  sacrifice  ; 
any  thing  offered. 

Off -hand,  adv.  or  a.  With- 
out  study  or  preparation. 

Offige  (18),  n.  Customary 
duty  ;  public  employment  ; 
function  ;  place  of  business  ; 
religious  truth. 

Of  fi-cer,  n.  One  who  holds 
an  office.  — v.  t.  To.  fur- 
nish with  officers. 

Of-ffcial  (-ilsh'al),  a.  Per- 
taining to,  or  derived  from, 
office.  —  n.  An  ecclesiastical 
judge. 

Of-fi'cial-ly  {-iish'al-),  adv. 
15  v  authority. 

Of-ffci-ate  (-iisb'T-at),  v.  i. 
To  perform  an  office. 


182 

Of-fi'cious  (-fish'us),  a.  Ex- 
cessively forward  in  doing 
kind  offices.  —  SYN.  Kind  ; 
meddling  ;  busy  ;  imperti- 
nent ;  intermeddling. 

Offing,  11.  The  sea  at  a  good 
distance  from  shore. 

Off  s-eour-ing,  n.    Refuse  or 

_  rejected  matter. 

Offset,  n.  A  shoot  or  sprout ; 
any  thing  given  in  exchange 
or  retaliation. 

Off-set',  or  Offset,  v.  t.  To 
set  against  another  account. 

Offspring,  n.  Children ;  is- 
sue ;  descendants. 

Oft,  adv.  Frequently. 

Oft'en  (ofn),  I    adv.       Fre- 

Oft'en-times,  {     quently. 

O-gee',  n.  A  molding  which 
is  both   concave  and    con- 

_  vex. 

O'gle  (o'gl),  v.  To  view  or 
look  with  side  glances.  —  n. 

_  A  side  glance. 

O'gre  (o'ger,  29),  n.  An  im- 
aginary monster,  who  lived 

_  on  human  beings. 

Oh,  interj.  denotiug  surprise 
or  pain,  &c. 

Oil,  ii.  An  unctuous  animal  or 
vegetable  substance.  —  v.  t. 
To  smear  or  anoint  with  oil. 

Oil'-CISth,«.  A  cloth  oiled  or 
painted  for  covering  floors, 
and  for  other  uses. 

Oil'i-ness,  n.  Quality  of  being 
oily  ;  unctuousness. 

Oil'y,  a.     Like  oil ;  smooth. 

Oint,  v.   t.     To  rub  with  oil. 

Oint'ment,  n.  Any  soft  unct- 

_  uous  matter. 

Old,  a.  Having  existed  a  long 

_  time;  aged-,  ancient. 

Old'en  (old'n),   a.     Old;  an- 

_  cient. 

O'le-ag'i-nous,  a.    Oily. 

01-fa«'to-ry,  a.  Of,  or  having 
the  sense  of,  smelling. 

O-lib'a-num,  n.  A  gum  resin. 

Ol'i-gar-elfy,  n.  Government 

_  in  the  bands  of  a  few. 

O'li-o  (or  5l'yo),  n.  A  dish  of 
stewed  meat ;  a  mixture ;  a 

.  medley. 

Ol'Ive,  n.  A  tree  cultivated 
for  its  fruit,  and  for  the  oil 
it  yields  ;    the   emblem   of 


ONTOLOGY 

I      peace  ;  a  color  composed  of 
I      violet  and  green. 
;  O-lym'pi-ad,  n.    Period  of  4 
I      years  in  Grecian  history. 

O-lym'pi-e,  a.     Pertaining  to 
|      Olympia  and  its  games. 
;  O-me'ga.  or  O-meg'a,  n.  The 

last  Greek  letter  ;  the  last. 
|  Om'e-let  (colloq.  oni'let),   n. 
_  A  fritter  of  eggs,  &c. 
O'men,  n.     A  prognostic  ;  a 
|      sign  ;  a  presage  ;  an  augury. 
i  Om'i-nous,a.    Containing  an 
j      omen ;  inauspicious. 
O-mis'sion     (-mlsh'un),    n. 
■  Neglect;  failure. 
Om'ni-bus,  n.     A  large  four- 
wheeled  vehicle  for  convey- 
ing passengers. 
O-mit',  v.  t.  To  leave  out ;  to 

pass  by  :  to  neglect. 
Om-nip'o-tenge,  ft.     Unlim- 
ited or  infinite  power. 
Om-nip'o-tent,  a.  Having  all 
power.  —  n.    The  Almighty. 
OnVni-pres'enge,  n.      lh-cs- 

ence  in  every  place. 
Om'ni-pres'ent,  a.     Present 

in  every  place. 
Om-nis'cienge    (-nlsh'enss), 

n.     Universal  knowledge. 
Om-nls'cient  (-nish'ent),  a. 
\      Having  infinite  or  universal 
knowledge.      .         [vouring. 
;  Om-mv'orcus,    a.      All-de- 
|  On,  prep.  At  the  upper  part  of 
j      a   thing,  and  supported  by 
I      it ;  at ;  near ;  with  ;  toward  ; 
!     for;  upon.  —  adv.  Forward. 
Onge'  (wunss),  adv.     At  one 
I      time  ;  formerly. 
j  One  (wun),  a.    Single;  indi- 
|      vidual ;  any.  [tj. 

I  One'ness^vun'nes),  n.  Uni- 
On'er-a-ry,  a.  Fitted  for  car- 
[  rying  hardens,  [oppressive. 
:  On'er-ous,  a.  Burdensome  ; 
\  On'ion  (un'yun),  n.  A  culi- 
nary plant  having  a  bulbous 

I  _ root-         •  [giy- 

On'ly.a.  Single.  —  adv.  $An- 
On'set,  n.  A  violent  attack  ; 
.      assault.  [tack  ;  assault. 

i  Onslaught  (-slawt),  ».    At- 
On'to-log'i-e-al.n.  Relating  to 
the  science  of  being  In  gen- 
eral, [ing  in  general. 
On-tdl'o-gy,  ft.  Science  of  be- 


u, e,  I,  o,  u,  y,  long;  a, e, 1, 6,  tt,  y,  short ;  cure,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ore,  veil,  term ;  p.que,  firm ; 


ONWARD 

()n'ward,    I  adv.     Forward  ; 

6n'ward§, )  further.  —  a. 
Advanced  or  advancing ;  im- 

_  proving. 

O'nyx,  it,     A  precious  stone. 

Ooze,  n.  Soft  mud.  —  v.  ?'.  To 
iiow  gently.  [mud. 

Ooz'y,    a.       Containing    soft 

0-pac/i-ty,n.  Want  of  trans- 
parency.        _  [transparent. 

Opaque'    (o-pak7),   a-       Not 

C'pal,  n.     A  precious   stone 

_  of  changeable  colors. 

C'pal-es'cent,a.   Large  opal. 

G'pal-me,  a.     Pertaining  to, 

_  or  like,  opal. 

Ope,  v.  t.    To  open. 

6'pen  (o'pn),  v.  t.  To  un- 
close ;  to  unfold ;  to  enter 
upon. — a.  Not  shut  up; 
unclosed ;    public  ;   candid  ; 

_  plain.  [a  breach. 

O'pen-ing,  n.    An  aperture  ; 

O'pen-ly,     adv.       Publicly ; 

_  plainly  ;  frankly. 

O'pen-ness,  n.    Plainness. 

Op'e-ra  (18),  n.     A  dramatic 

^  composition  set  to  music. 

6p'er-ate,  v.  To  exert  power 
of  any  kind  ;  to  act ;  to  put 
in  motion  or  action ;  to 
work. 

Op'er-at'ie,  a.    Pertaining  or 

w  appropriate  to  the  opera. 

Op'er  a'tion, rt.    Exertion  of 

w  power  ;  action  ;  agency. 

Op'er-a-tive,  a.  Exerting 
force;  efficient. — n.     A  la- 

_  boring  person. 

Op'er-a'tor,  n.  One  who  op- 
erates, [dious. 

Op'er-ose',  a.    Laborious  ;  te- 

tjph'i-eleide ,    n.      A    large 
brass  wind-instrument. 
'  Oph-thal'mi-e  (of-  or  op-),  a. 

^  Relating  to  the  eye. 

6ph'thal-my  (of-  or  op'-),  n. 

_  A  disease  of  the  eyes. 

G'pi-ate,  n.  A  medicine  that 
contains  opium  ;  a  narcotic. 

O-pin'ion,    n.  Judgment 

formed  by  the  mind  :  notion  ; 
sentiment;  persuasion. 

O-pfn 'ion-a/ted,  )  a.  Stiff  to 

O-pin'ion-a-tive,  J     opinion. 

O'pi-um,  n.    The  inspissated 

_  juice  of  the  poppy. 

O'po-del'do-e,  ».     A  sapona- 


183 

ceous  camphorated  lini- 
ment. 

Op-po'nent,  a.  Opposing  ; 
antagonistic. — n.      An  op- 

^  poser  ;  an  antagonist. 

Op'por-tune',  a.  Timely  ;  sea- 
sonable. 

Op'por-tune'ly,  adv.      Sea- 

__  sonably. 

Op'por-tu'ni-ty,  n.  lit  or 
convenient  time. 

Op-pose',  v.  t.     To  resist;  to 

^  combat ;  to  withstand. 

Op'po-site,  a.      Contrary  in 

w  position  ;  facing  ;  adverse. 

OVpo-sI'tion  (-zish'un),  n. 
Repugnance ;  resistance  ; 
obstacle  ;  an  opposite  party. 

Op'po-gi'tion-ist  (-zish'un-), 
11.  One  in  an  opposite  party. 

0-p6s'sum,  n.  A  marsupial 
quadruped  of  America. 

Op-press',  v.  t.     To  burden. 

Op-pres'sion  (-presh'un),  n. 
Act  of  oppressing. 

Op-press'ive,  a.  Burden- 
some ;   unjustly  severe. 

Op-press'ive-ly,  adv.  In  an 
oppressive  or  cruel  manner. 

Op-press'ive-ness,  n.  Qual- 
ity of  being  oppressive. 

Op-press'or,w.  One  who  op- 
presses ;  a  tyrant. 

Op-pro'bri-ous,  o.  Reproach- 
ful and  contemptuous  ; 
made  hateful. 

Op-pro-bri-ous-ly,  adv.  Re- 
proachfully ;  infamously. 

Op-pro'bri-um,   n.  Con- 

temptuous or  disdainful  re- 
proach, [pose. 

Op-pugn'(-pthV),  v.t.  Toop- 

Op'ta-tive,  a.  Expressing  de- 

w  sire,  or  wish. 

Op'ti-e,       )  a.     Pertaining  to 

Op'ti-e-al,  )  the  eye  or  vision, 
or  to  optics. 

Op-ti'cian  (-tTsh'an),  n.  A 
person  skilled  in  optics. 

Op'tles,  n.  sing.  Science  of 
the  nature  and  laws  of 
w  vision. 

Op'ti-mTsm,  n.  The  doctrine 
that  every  thing  in  nature  is 
ordered  for  the  best. 

6p'ti-mTst,n.  One  who  holds 
that  all  events  are  ordered 
for  the  best. 


ORDAIN 

Op'tion,  n.     Right  or  po. 
of  choosing.  — Syn.  Choice. 

6p'tion-al,  a.    Left  to  choice. 

Op'u-lenge,  n.  Wealth  ;  rich- 

_  es  ;  affluence. 

6p'u-lent,  a.    Tery  rich. 

Or,  conj.     A  connective  that 

_  marks  an  alternative. 

6r'a-ele,  n.  An  r.nswer  con- 
sidered infallible  ;  a  wise 
man;  (pi.)  the  revelations 
of  God. 

0-ra€'u-lar,  a.  Uttering  or- 
acles ;  authoritative ;  ambig- 

_  uous. 

C'ral,  a.      Delivered  by  the 

_  mouth  ;  spoken.       [mouth. 

C'ral-ly,   adv.      By  word  of 

Or'ange  (18),  n.  A  certain 
tree  and  its  round  jellow 
fruit.  —  a.  Having  the  color 
of  an  orange. 

O-rang'-cu-tang' 
n.      A   large  ape, 
having  a  deformed 
resemblance        to 
man. 

0-ra'tion,n.  A  pub- 
lic   and    elaborate  Orang- 
discourse.  outang. 

Cr'a-tor,7i.  An  eloquent  pub- 

_  lie  speaker  ;  a  petitioner. 

Gr'a-tSr'i-e-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  an  orator  or  to  oratory. 

Cr'a-to'ri-o  (IS),  n.  A  sacred 
drama  set  to  music  ;  an  ora- 

~  tory. 

6r'a-to-ry,  n.  Art  of  public 
speaking;  a  snail  chapel. 

Orb,  «.  A  round  body ;  a 
sphere  ;  a  globe :  an  orbit. 

Or-bl€'u-lar,  a.  Round;  cir- 
cular ;  spherical. 

Orb'it,  n.  Path  of  a  planet 
or  comet  round  its  center; 
cavity  of  the  ej  e.        [orbit. 

Or'bit-al,  a.  Pertaining  to  an 

Or'chard,   n.     An   in  closure 

^  or  assemblage  of  fruit  trees. 

6r'-ehes-tra,or  Or -ehes'tra, 
n.  The  part  of  a  theater 
appropriated  for  the  musi- 
cians ;    the  musicians. 

Or'-ehis  (-kis).  n.    A  plant. 

Or-dain',  v.  t.  To  establish  ; 
to  appoint ;  to  decree  ;  to 
invest  with  ministerial  or 
sacerdotal  functions. 


k 


e6n,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  took ;  fira,  rye,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


ORDEAL 

6r'de-al,  n.    Trial  by  fire  or 

^  by  water  ;  severe  scrutiny . 

Or'der,  n.  Regular  arrange- 
ment ;  command  ;  rule  ;  a 
rank  or  class  ;  a  written  di- 
rection to  pay  money.  — -v.  t. 

^  To  regulate  ;  to  command. 

6r'der-ly,  a.  Regular ;  not  un- 
ruly.—  adv.  Methodically; 
according  torule. — n.  Anon- 
commissioned  officer  whoat- 

^  tends  on  a  superior  officer. 

Or'di-nal,  a.  Noting  estab- 
lished order.  —  n.  A  number 
noting  order;  a  book  of 
rites.  [law ;  rite. 

Or'di-nange  (18),  n.    Rule  ; 

Or'di-na-ri-ly      (13),      adv. 

^  Usually ;  commonly. 

Or'di-na-ry,  a.  Usual ;  com- 
mon ;  of  little  merit.  —  n. 
An  ecclesiastical  judge;  a 
public  table.  [daining. 

Or'di-na'tion,  n.    Act  of  or- 

Grd'nange,  n.    Heavy  artil- 

^  lery  ;  cannon,  mortars,  &c. 

Ore,  ft.    A  natural  compound 

^  of  metal  and  other  matter. 

Or'gan,  n.  An  instrument  of 
action  or  motion  ;  a  medium 
of  communication  ;  a  wind 
instrument  of  music. 

Or-gan'lc,      )  a.  Containing 

Or  gan'i€-al, )      organs. 

Or'gan-i§m,   n.  Organic 

structure.         [on  an  organ. 

Or'gan-ist,  n.  One  who  plays 

Gr'gan-i-za'tion,  n.    Act  of 

^  organizing. 

Or'gan-ize,  v.  t.  To  furnish 
with  organs  ;  to  arrange  in 

-  parts ;  to  form  in  due  order. 

Or'gagm,  n.  Immoderate  ex- 

^  citement  or  action. 

Or'gie§,  n.  pi.  Frantic  revels. 

O'ri-el,  n.    A  bay  window. 

O'ri-ent,  a.  Rising  as  the 
sun ;  eastern  ;  bright ;  shin- 

_  ing. — n.    The  east. 

O'ri-ent/al,  a.    Eastern. 

6'ri-en'tal-ist,  n.  One  versed 
in  Eastern  languages. 

ftr'i-fiQC,  n.    An  opening. 

Or'i-gin,  n.  Beginning  ;  com- 
mencement ;  source. 

O-rig'i-nal,  a  First;  primi- 
tive; having  new  or  strik- 
ing   ideas.  —  n.         Origin; 


184 

!     first  copy  ;  an  eccentric  per- 
son, [being  original. 
!  O-rig'i-nal'i-ty,  n.  Quality  of 
O-rig'i-nal-ly,  adv.    At  first. 
O-rig'i-nate,  v.  t.    To  bring 
I      into  existence.  —  v.   i.     To 
I      take  rise  ;  to  begin. 
!  O-rig'i-na'tion,  n.      Act  of 
{      being  or  coming  into  exist- 
I      ence.  [originates. 
i  O-rig'i-na/tor,  n.    One  who 
!  O'ri-ole,  n.    A  bird  allied  to 
I      the  tbrushes. 
i  O-rl'on,  n.  A  largo  and  bright 
|      constellation. 
|  Or'i-son,  n.    A  prayer. 
Or'lop,   n.      Deck   on  which 
^  cables  are  stowed  in  ships. 
Or'mo-lu',  n.  A  kind  of  brass 

made  to  resemble  gold. 
Or'na-ment,  n.     Decoration. 
—  v.  t.  To  decorate  ;  to  em- 
.  bellish  ;  to  adorn. 
Or'na-ment'al,  a.    Tending 

to  adorn  or  embellish. 
Or'nate,  a.     Adorned;  deco- 
•  rated;  beautiful. 
Or'ni-thdl'o-gist,  n.        One 

skilled  in  ornithology. 
Or'ni-tho-ldg'ie-al,  a.    Per- 

taining  to  ornithology. 
6Vni-th61'0-gy,  n.     The  sci- 
ence which  treats  of  birds. 
O-rol'o-gy,  n.     The  science 
^  or  description  of  mountains. 
Or'phan,  n.     A  child  having 
neither  father  nor  mother, 
or  only  one  of  them. 
Or'phan-age,    )  n.    State  of 
Or'phan-ism,   i_   an  orphan. 
Or-phe'arf,  or  Or'phe-an,  I 
Gr'phie,  ) 

a.     Pertaining  to  Orpheus, 
an  old  Greek  poet. 
Or're-ry  (19).  v.    An  instru- 
ment to  show  the  revolu- 
tions  of  the  planets. 
Or'tho-d5x,   a.      Correct  in 
doctrine  ;     sound    in    the 
Christian  faith. 
Or'tho-dSx'y,  n.     Soundness 

in  opinion  and  doctrine. 
Or'tho-ep'i-e-al,  a.     Pertain- 

ing  to  orthoepy. 
6r'tho-e-pist,   n.     A   person 
^  well  skilled  in  orthoepy. 
Or'tho-e-py,  n.    Correct  pro- 
nunciation of  words. 


OTHER 

Or-th6g'ra-pher,    n.       One 

versed  in  orthography. 

Or'tho-graph'i-e,       lo.  Per- 

Gr'tho-graph'lc-al,  j  tain- 
iug  to  orthography. 

Or-th6g'ra-phy,  n.  The  spell- 
ing or  writing  of  words  with 

^  the  proper  letters. 

Or'to-lan,   n.     A  European 

w  song-bird. 

Os'gil-late,  v.  ?'.  To  swing  ; 
to  vibrate  ;  to  sway. 

Os'gil-la'tion,  n.  Vibration. 

Os'gil-la-to-ry,  a.   Moving  as 

^  a  pendulum  ;  vibratory. 

6s'€u-late,  v.  t.    To  kiss ;  to 

_  touch,  as  two  curves. 

G'gier  (o'zher),  n.  A  species 
of  willow  or  the  twig  of  the 

_^  willow. 

Os'prey,  n.    A  long-winged 

_  eagle  living  on  fish. 

Os'se-ous  (colloq.  osh'us),  a. 

_  Bony  ;  like  bone. 

OVsi-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Process 
of  changing  to  bone. 

Os'si-fy,  r.  t-  or  i.  To  chango 
into  bone.  [bones. 

Os-siv'o-rous,  a.   Feeding  on 

Os-ten'si-ble,  a.  Apparent ; 
manifest. 

Os-ten'si-bly.  adv.  Plausibly. 

Os'ten-ta'tion,  n.  Ambitious 
display.—  SYN.  Pomp;  pag- 

_  eantry  :  display. 

Os'ten-ta'tious,  a.  Affectedly 

^  showy  :  gaudy  ;  pretentious. 

Os'ten-ta'tious-ly,  adv.    la 

w  an  ostentatious  manner. 

Osae-61'o-gist,  n.  One  versed 
in  osteology. 

Gs'te-61'o-gy,  n.  Part  of  anat- 
omy that  treats  of  bones. 

Os'li-a-ry,  n.     Mouth  of  a 

w  river  ;  an  estuary. 

5s'tra-cJ§m,  n.  Banishment. 

Os'tra-gize,  r.  t.  To  banish  ; 
to  put  under  ban. 

Os'trich  (18),  n.  ■ 
A  large,  swift- 
running  bird 
with  very  short 
wings,  and  long, 
soft   plumes   in«^ 

_  place  of  feathers.    Ostrich. 

Otb'cr  (ilrii/er),  a.  Second  of 
two  ;  not  the  same  ;  differ- 
ent. 


a,S,  1,5,  u,y,  long;  a,e,  i,o,il,y,  short;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what;  ere,  veil,  tSrmjpTque,  firm 


OTHERWISE 


185 


OVERDOSE 


Oth'er-wige,  adv.  In  a  differ- 

w  ent  maimer. 

Ot'ter,  n.  A  small  carnivorous 
and  aquatic  quadruped. 

Ct'to-man  (ill),  n.  A  Turk;  a 
stuffed  seat  without  a  back. 
—  a.     Relating  to  Turkey. 

Ouch,  n.     Socket  of  a  ring. 

Ought  (awt),  n.  See  A  ugh l.  — 
v.  imperfect.  Is  fit  or  neces- 
sary ,  should. 

Ounge,  n.  12th  of  a  pound 
troy,  arid  16th  of  a  pound 
avoirdupois ;  an  animal  re- 
sembling the  leopard. 

Ours,  pron.  Of  us  ;  belonging 
to  us. 

Our,  a.     Pertaining  to  us. 

Our-selves',  pron.  pi.  We  ; 
us  ;  —  used  emphatically. 

Ou'sel  (Go'zl),  n.  A  bird  of 
the  thrush  family.       [force. 

Oust  (owst),  v.  t.  To  eject  with 

Out,  adv.  On  the  outside  ; 
beyond  the  limits  of  any  in- 
closed place  or  given  line  ; 
abroad  ;  not  at  home. 

Out-bal'ange,t'.  t.  To  exceed 
in  weight ;  to  outweigh. 

Out -bid',  v.  t.    To  bid  more. 

Out'bound,  a.  Proceeding  to 
a  foreign  port. 

Out'break,  «•  A  breaking 
forth  ;  eruption. 

Out'burst,  n.  A  breaking  or 
bursting  out.  [ished. 

Out'east,  n.    A  person  ban- 

Out'-cry,n.  Clamor;  loud  cry. 

Out-dp',  V.  t.  [p.  p.  OUT- 
DONE.] To  do  more  than  ; 
to  surpass ;  to  excel. 

Out'er,  a.    Being  without. 

Out'er-most,  a.  On  the  ex- 
treme external  part. 

Out-fage',  v.  t.  To  bear  down 
with  impudence. 

Out'fit,  n.  Equipment,  as  of 
a  ship  for  a  voyage. 

Out-g5n'cr-al,  v.  t.  To  ex- 
ceed in  generalship. 

Cut-go',  v.  t.  To  go  beyond ; 
to  surpass.  —  n.  Outlay  ; 
expenditure.  [out. 

Out'g5-ing,  n.     Act  of  going 

Out-grow',  v.  t.  To  surpass 
in  growth. 

Out-IIer'od,  v.  t.  To  exceed 
in  cruelty  or  absurdity. 


Out'-house,  n.  A  small  build- 
ing near  the  main  house. 

Out-land'ish,  a.  Foreign  ; 
strange  ;  rude  ;  barbarous. 

Out-last',  V.  t.  To  last  longer 
than  ;  to  exceed  in  dura- 
tion. 

Out'law,  n.  One  excluded 
from  the  benefit  of  the  law. 
—  r.  t.  To  deprive  of  the 
benefit  and  protection  of  the 
law.  [lawing. 

Out'law-ry,  n.    Act  of  out- 

Out'lay,  n.     Expenditure. 

Out'let,  n.  A  passage  outward. 

Out'iine,  v.  t.  To  sketch  ;  to 
delineate.  —  n.  The  exterior 
line  of  a  figure  ;  a  sketch. 

Out-live',  v.  t.  To  live  longer 
than  ;  to  survive. 

Out-lcJbk',  n.  Act  of  looking 
out ;  a  watch-tower  ;  pros- 
pect ;  sight.         [in  number. 

Out-num'ber,  v.  t.  To  exceed 

Out'post,  n.  A  station  with- 
out a  camp,  or  at  a  distance. 

Out 'rage,  v.  t.  To  treat  with 
violence  and  wrong.  —  n. 
Violence;  gross  injury. 

Out-rage'ous(U),«.  Exceed- 
ing all  bounds  of  reason  or 
of  decency. —  Syn.  Violent; 
furious  ;  exorbitant. 

Out- reach',  v.  t.  To  go  or 
extend  beyond. 

Out'rid-er,  n.  An  attending 
servant  on  horseback. 

Out'rlght  (-rit),  adv.  Imme- 
diately ;  completely. 

Out-run',  v.  t.  To  surpass  in 
running ;  to  exceed. 

Out-sail',  v.  t.  To  leave  be- 
hind in'sailing. 

Out-sell',  v.  i.  To  exceed  in 
amount  of  sales. 

Out'set,  n.  Beginning  ;  open- 
ing :  start. 

Out'side,  n.  The  outward 
part.  —  a.  Exterior  ;  ex- 
ternal, [urb. 

Out'skirt,  n.     Border;   sub- 

Out-spread',  t\  t.  To  spread 
open  ;  to  extend  ;  to  diffuse. 

Out-stand'ing,  a.  Not  col- 
lected ;  unpaid.  [far. 

Out-stretch',  r.  t.    To  extend 

•Out-strip',  r.  t.  Tooutcro;  to 
exceed  ;  to  leave  behind. 


Out-walk'  (-wawk'),  v.  t.    To 

leave" behind  in  walking. 
Out'ward,    I  a.       External ; 
Out'wards,  J  exterior  ;  outer. 

—  adv.  Toward  the  outside. 
Out'ward-ly,  adv.    On    the 

outside ;  externally. 
Out- wear',  v.  t.    To  endure 

or  wear  longer  than. 
Out-weigh'  (-wa'),  v.  t.    To 

exceed  in  weight  or  value. 
Out-wit',  v.  t.    To  overcome 

by  stratagem. 
Out'work  (-wQrk),  n.  Part  of 

a  fortress  without  the  prin- 
_  cipal  wall. 
O'val,  a.   Of  the  form  s — n 

of  an  egg  ;  elliptical  /  \ 

—  n.  A  body  shaped  I  I 
like  an  egg.                 \      J 

6'va-ry  (llJ),  n.  Place  ^j 
where      eggs      are    °val- 

_  formed.  [shaped. 

O'vate,    a.      Oval,    or'  egg- 

O-va'tion,  n.  An  inferior  "or 
less  formal  triumph. 

Ov'en  (uv'n),«.  An  arched  or 

_  other  cavity  for  baking. 

O'ver,  prep.  Across ;  above  ; 
upon  ;  on  the  surface.  — 
adv.     From   side    to  side  ; 

_  more  than.  [to  excess. 

O'ver-aet',  v.  t.     To  perform 

6'ver-alls,  n.  A  kind  of  long 

_  trowsers  worn  over  others. 

6'ver-arch',  v.  t.    To  cover 

_  with  an  arch.  [by  awe. 

O'ver-awe',  r.  t.   To  restrain 

O'ver-bal'ange,  v.   To  weigh 

_  down  ;  to  preponderate. 

O'ver-bear'ing,  a.    Haughty 

_  and  dogmatical. 

6'ver-board,  adv.    Over  the 

_  side  of,  or  out  of,  a  ship. 

O'ver-bur'den,  v.  t.    To  load 

_  to  excess. 

O'ver-east'jf.  t.  To  cloud;  to, 
obscure.  —  a.      Overspread 

_  with  g'oom  :  sewed  over. 

O'ver-charge'.t.  t.  Tochargo 

_  to  excess. 

6'ver-eoat,  n.    A  coat  worn 

_  over  the  other  clothing. 

6'ver-eome',  v.  t.  To  get 
the  better  of;  to  conquer. 

(Wer-do',!-.  To  do  too  much. 
!  6'ver-dose.  n.  Too  great  a 
I      dose  ;  excess. 


Bon,  or,  dp,,  wolf,  too,  took ;  urn,  rne,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as. ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


OVERDRAW 


186 


PACIFICATION 


O'ver-draw',  v.  t.  To  draw 
orders  upon    beyond  one's 

_  credit.  [over. 

O'Ver-flow',   v.      To    spread 

O'ver-flSw,  «.    Inundation  ; 

_  deluge  ;  superabundance. 

O'ver-grow',  v.  t.  To  cover 
with  herbage ;  to  grow  be- 

_  yond  the  natural  size. 

6'ver-hang',  v.   t.     To  jut 

_  over. 

O'ver-haul',  v.  t.  To  turn 
over  and  examine  thorough- 

_  ly  ;  to  overtake. 

O'ver-head',  adv.      Above  ; 

_  aloft.  [accident. 

Over-hear',  v.t.  To  hear  by 

Over-joy',  v.  t.  To  transport 
.  with  joy.  [land. 

Over-land,  a.       Carried  by 

Over-lay',  v.  t.    To  lay  or 

_  spread  over  ;  to  smother. 

Over-leap',    v.  t.    To    leap 

_  over  ;  to  pass  by  leaping. 

Over-load',  v.  t.  To  load  too 
heavily  :  to  fill  to  excess. 

Over-ldbk',  v.  t.  To  inspect; 

_  to  neglect ;  to  excuse,      [on. 

C/ver-lie',  v.  t.  To  lie  over  or 

Over-match',  v.   t.    To  be 

_  too  powerful  for. 

Over-match,??.  Onesuperior 

_  in  power  or  skill. 

Over-much',  a.  Too  much. 

Over-pass',  v.t.  To  go  over ; 

_  to  cross ;  to  omit. 

Over-plus,  n.    More  than  is 

_  wanted ;  surplus. 

6'ver-poise,  n.    Preponder- 

_  ant  weight. 

Over-pow'er,  v.  t.  To  van- 
quish by  superior  force ;  to 

_  affect  too  strongly. 

Over-rate',  v.  t.  To  rate  too 

_  high  or  beyond  the  truth. 

Over-reach',  v.   t.    To  de- 

_  ccivc ;  to  cheat. 

O'ver-rule',  v.  t:  To  control, 


O'ver-run',  v.    To  spread  or 

_  run  over ;  to  ravage. 

Over-see',  v.  t.    To  superin- 

_  tend  ;  to  supervise. 

O/ver-seer',  n.  A  supervisor. 

O'ver-set',  v.  t.  or  i.  Toover- 

_  turn ;  to  subvert. 

Over-shad'ow,  v.  t.  Toover- 

_  shade ;  to  shelter. 

Over-shoot',  v.  t.    To  shoot 

_  over  or  beyond. 

Over-sh&t,     a.        Receiving 

_  water  over  a  wheel. 

O'ver-slght  ( -sit ),  n.  A  mis- 
take ;     omission  ;    superin- 

_  tendence. 

O'ver-sleep',  v.    To  sleep  be- 

_  yond  or  too  long. 

Over-spread',  v.  t.  To  spread 

_  or  cover  over. 

6'ver-state',  v.  t.    To  state 

_  too  strongly  ;  to  exaggerate. 

O'ver-step'/r.  t.  To  step  be- 
yond, [full. 

0'ver-st6ck',r.  t.    To  fill  too 

Overt,  a.    Open  ;  public. 

Over-take',    v.    t.       [imp. 

OVERTOOK  ;   p.    p.   OVER- 

_  taken.]  To  come  up  with. 
Over-task',  r.  t.    To  impose 
_  too  much  work  on. 
6'ver-throw',  v.  t.    To  sub- 
'  vert.  [feat. 

Over-throw,  n.    Ruin  ;  de- 
O'ver-top',    v.    t.       To   rise 
_  above  ;  to  surpass. 
O'ver-trade',  v.  i.    To  trade 
_  beyond  one's  means. 
Overt-fire,  n.     An  offer;  an 
_  introductory  piece  of  music. 
Over-turn',  v.t.    To  throw 
_  down  ;  to  destroy. 
Over-turn,  n.    Overthrow. 
O'ver-ween'ing,     a.      Con- 
_  ceited ;  arrogant. 
O'ver-weight  (-wat).  n.  Pre- 
_  ponderatice;  greater  weight. 
O'ver-whelm',!-. t.  Tospread 


Owl. 


over ;  to  immerse  and  bear 
_  down. 
Over-work'    (-wurk'),  v.   t. 

[p.  p.  OVERWROUGHT.]  To 

_  cause  to  labor  too  much. 

O'vi-form,  a.    Egg-shaped. 

O-vip'a-rous,  a.     Producing 

_  eggs,  as  a  hen. 

O'void,  a.    Having  the  shape 

_  of  an  egg. 

Owe  (5,  15),  v.  t.     To  be  in- 

_  debted. 

Ow'ing,  -p.  pr.  or  a.    Due; 

ascribable. 
Owl,  n.    A  noc- 
turnal    bird,  A 

with      downy     ~ 

feathers     and  ««S 

large  head. 
Owl'ish,  a.  Re- 
sembling    an 
_  owl. 
Own,  a.     Noting   property; 

peculiar.  —  v.t,   To  possess ; 
_  to  confess ;  to  avow. 
Cwn'cr,  n.    The  rightful  pro- 
_  prietor  of  any  thing. 
Cwn'er-ship,   n.     Exclusive 

right  of  possession. 
Ox,  n.  (]d.  6x'en,22.)  A  malo 

of  the  bovine  genus. 
Ox'lde  (30),  n.     A  compound 

of  oxygen  and  a  base. 
6x'id-ate,  1  v.  t.     To  convert 
5x'id-ize,  I      into  an  oxide. 
Ox'id-a'tion,  n.      Operation 

of  converting  into  an  oxide. 
6x'y-gen,  v.     A  kind  of  gaa 

which  produces  combustion 

and  serves  to  support  life. 
Ox'y-gen-ate,  )  v.t.  To  cause 
Ox'y-gen-Ize,  J     to  combine 
_  with  oxygen. 
Oyer,  n.  A  hearing  in  court, 

as  of  a  deed,  bond,  &c. 
Oys'ter,  n.  A  bivalvular  mnl- 

lusk  of  which  some  species 

are  used  for  food. 


X.      uiea 


A   step;    gait;  [  Pa'ger,  n.  A  horse  that  paces.  1  Pa-Qif'ic,    a.      Conciliatory; 
measure  of  five  feet.  —    Pa-gha',  or  Pa'gha,  n.     See        peaceable. 
To  measure  by  paces.      |      Pask'a.  |  Pa-gif/i-ea'tion,  or  Pag'i-fi- 

5, 5, 7,5,  ii}$,long ;  a,  e,  I,  6,u,y,  short;  care,ciir,  ask,  ;jll,  what;  ere,  veil,  tcrni ;  pVque,  1'Trm  ; 


PACIFICATOR 


187 


PANACEA 


•ca'tion,  n.    Act  of  making 

peace. 
Pa-gif'i-ca'tor,  or   Pag'i-fi- 

■ea'tor,  n.  A  peace-maker. 
Pa-gif'i-ea-to-ry,  a.  Tending 

to  peace ;  conciliatory. 
Pag'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  appease;  to 

allay  ;  to  calm  ;  to  still. 
Pack,   n.     A   bundle ;  -load. 

v.  t.  To  make  into  a  bundle; 

to  send  off  in  haste. 
Pack'age,  n.    A  bundle ;   a 

packet ;  a  parcel ;  a  bale. 
Pack'et,  n.  A  small  package; 

a  vessel  for  dispatches,  or 

for  passengers. 
Pack'-horse,    n.      A   horse 

used  for  carrying  packs  or 

other  burdens. 
Pack'-thread,  n.    A  thread 

for  binding  parcels.  [pact. 
Pact,  n.  A  contract;  a  corn- 
Pad,  n.    A  small  cushion  ;  a 

robber.  —  v.  t.     To  stuff,  as 

a  saddle,  cushion,  &c. 
Pad'dle,  v.  i.  To  row ;  to  play 

in  water.  —  n.  A  small  oar. 
Pad'dock  (5),  n.    A  small  in- 

closure.  [staple. 

Pad'16ck,  n.  A  lock  for  a 
Pad'ua-soy'  (p.1d'u-),  n.    A 

kind  of  silk  stuff.  [or  joy. 
Pas'an,  n.  A  song  of  triumph 
Pa'gan,  n.    A  heathen;    an 

Llolater. —  a.   Heathenish. 
Pa'sjan-ism,  n.  Heathenism. 
Pa'gan-ize  (31),  v.  t.  To  con- 
vert to  heathenism. 
Page  (18),  n.  A  boy ;  one  side 

of  a  leaf.  —  v.  t.     To  mark 

with  pages. 
Pag'eant  (paj'ant  or  pa'jant), 

n.     A  pompous  show. 
Pag'eant-ry  (paj'ant-  or  pa'- 

jant-),  n.     Pompous  exhibi- 
tion. —  Syn.        Spectacle  ; 

show  ;  pomp. 
Pa-go'da  (18),  n.    An  Indian 

idol,  temple,  or  coin. 
PaicL^),  imp.  &  ;;.  p.  of  Pay. 
Pa^^P*  A  vessel  for  water, 

milk,  &c. 
Pain,  n.    Distress  ;  suffering ; 

penalty.  — v.  t.  To  distress  ; 

to  afflict.  [borious. 

Pain'ful,  o.  Full  of  pain  ;  la- 
Pain'less,  a.  Free  from  pain. 
Pains,  n.     Care  ;  trouble. 


Paint,  v.  t.     To  cover  with 

j      colors.  —  v.  i.    To  practice 

painting.  —  n.      A   coloring 

'      substance ;  pigment. 

Paint'er,  n.  One  who  paints  ; 

|      a  rope  to  fasten  a  boat. 

Paint'ing,  n.    Art  of  forming 

figures  in  colors ;  a  picture. 

Pair,  it.  Two  things  suited  or 

used  together;  a  couple. — 

v.  i.  To  be  joined  in  couples. 

—  v.  t.    To  unite  in  couples. 

Pal'age,  n.      A    magnificent 

house  of  some  great  person- 

;      age.  [knight. 

j  Pal'a-dm,    ft.      An    eminent 

PaPan-qu'in'  (-keen'),  n.    A 

,      covered  carriage  borne    ou 

]      the  shoulders. 

PaPa-ta-ble,  a.     Pleasing  to 

!      the  taste. 

PaPa-tal,  a.  Pertaining  to,  or 
uttered  by  the  aid  of,  the 
palate. 
j  Pal'ate,  n.    The  roof  of  the 
!     mouth  ;  taste  ;  relish. 
Pa-la'tial,  a.   Pertaining  to  a 
|      palace ;  magnificent. 
:  Pal'a-tlne,  n.     One  invested 
!      with    royal   privileges.  —  a. 
I      Possessing  royal  privileges. 
!  Pa-la'ver,  n.     Idle  talk ;  flat- 
tery. —  v.  t.  or  i.  To  flatter ; 
to  use  idle  talk. 
Pale,  a.    Destitute  of  color: 
white  of  look. — n.  A  pointed 
stake;  a  district,  —  c.  t.  To 
inclose  with  pales. 
Pale'ness  (10),  n.    State  of 
I      being  pale*;  defect  of  colors. 
|  Pa/le-6g'ra-phy,    n.      Deci- 
I      phermeut  of  ancient  docu- 
I      ments. 

|  Pa/le-61'o-gy,  n.   Treatise  on 
|      antiquities ;  archaeology. 
j  Pa/le-on-tol'o-gy,    n.      The 

science  of  fossils. 
j  Pal'ette,n.  A 
tablet  up 
j  on  which  i 
■  painter  layi 
j  and  mixes 
1      his  pi 

ments.  Palette. 

PaPfrey,  n.    A  small  saddle- 
j      horse.  [work. 

|  PaPing,  n.     A  kind  of  fence- 
PaPi-sade',  n.  A  fortification 


# 


of  stakes,  —  v.t.    To  forth,, 
with  pales  or  posts. 
Pall,  n.     A  covering  for  the 
dead.  —  v.     To  make  or  be- 
come vapid  ;   to  cloak  ;    to 
cloy_. 
Pal-la'di-um,  n.  A  statue  of 
Pallas ;  an  effective  defense. 
Pal'let,  n.    A  palette;  a  lever 
in  a  watch  or  clock  ;  a  smalt, 
poor  bed. 
PaPli-ate,  v.  t.     To  cover; 

to  excuse  or  extenuate. 
PaPli-a/tion,n.  Extenuation. 
Pal'li-a-tive,  n.    That  which 
extenuates.  —  a.  Mitigating. 
Pal'lid,  a.     Pale;  wan. 
Palm  (piim),  n.    A  tree;   a 
measure   equal   to  three  or 
four  inches ;  inner  part  of 
the  hand.  —  r.  t.  To  conceal 
in  the  hand;  to  impose  upon. 
I  PaPma-ted,«.  Like  the  hand 
j      with    the    fingers    spread  ; 
web-footed. 
Pal-met'to  (Pl.  Pal-met'tos, 
|      18),  n.  A  kind  of  palm-tree. 
I  Pal'mis-try,  n.  Art  of  telling 
i      fortunes  by  examining  tho 
i      palm  of  the  hand. 
'  Palm'y  (pam'5'),a.  Flourish- 
ing; prosperous.      [ingfelt. 
Pal'pa-ble,  a.    Capable  of  be- 
j  PaPpa-bly,  adv.     Plaiuly. 
1  Pal'pi-tate,  v.  i.  To  throb  or 
1      beat,  as  the  heart. 

PaPpi-ta'tion,  n.     A  beating 
!      or  fluttering,  as  the  heart. 
Pal'sied  (pawpzid),  a.    Hav- 
!      ing  the  palsy  ;  paralytic. 
j  PaPsy,  n.  Loss  of  the  power  of 
voluntary  muscular  motion ; 
paralysis. — v.  t.     To  strike 
with  palsy  ;  to  paralyze. 
I  PaPter,   v.  i.     To  act  insin- 
!      cerely  ;  to  trifle. 
j  Pal'try,  a.  Mean;  pitiful ;  in- 
i      significant.  [full. 

I  Pam'per,  v.  t.  To  feed  to  the 
!  Pam'phlet,»t.  Sheets  stitched 
'      but  not  bound. 
j  Pam'phlet-eer',  n.   One  who 
:      writes  pamphlets. 

Pan,  n.  A  broad,  shallow  ves- 
■  sel  ;  part  of  a  gun-lock  ; 
I  hard  stratum  of  earth  below 
'      the  sofl.  [remedy. 

Pan'a-Qe'a,  n.     A  universal 


Bon,  or,  do,  wolf,  to"o,  took  ;  Urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  j  this. 


PANCAKE 


188 


FaRAMOUR 


Pan'«ake,  n.  A  thin  cake 
fried  iu  a  pan. 

Pan'-ere-as,  n.  A  soft  gland 
of  the  body  ;  the  ssvect- 
bread.  [to  the  pancreas. 

Pan/cra-at'i-e,  a.    Pertaining 

Pan'dect,  n.  A  treatise  which 
contains  the  whole  of  any 
science. 

Pan'de-mo'ni-um,  n.  The 
council-hall  of  evil  spirits. 

Pan'der,  n.  A  pimp  ;  a  pro- 
curer.— v.i.  Toactasagent 
for  the  lusts  or  passions  of 
others. 

Pine,  n.    A  square  of  glass. 

Pan'c-gyr'ic,  n.  A  lauda- 
tory speech  ;  encomium. 

Pan'e-gyr'ist,  n.  A  eulogist. 

Pan'c-gy-rl^e  (31),  v.  t.  To 
praise  highly. 

Pon'el,  n.  A  compartment,  as 
of  a  door ;  jury  roll.  —  v.  t. 
(8)  To  form  with  panels;  to 
form,  as  a  list  of  jurors. 

Pang,  n.    Momentary  agony. 

Pan'ie  (5),  n.  Sudden  fright 
without  good  cause. — a. 
Extreme  or  sudden  and 
causeless. 

Pan'nier  (pan'yer),  n.  A 
wicker-basket  to  bo  carried 
on  horses. 

Pan'o-ply,  n.  Armor  cover- 
ing the  whole  body. 

Pan/o-ra'ma,  or  Pan'o-ra/- 
rr.a,  n.  Complete  view;  a 
largo  or  continuous  picture. 

Pan'sy,  n.  A  plant  and 
liower;  the  garden  violet. 

Pant,  v.  i.  To  breathe  rapid- 
ly ;  to  gasp. — n.  A  rapid 
breathing;  gasp,    [drawers. 

Pan'ta-lats',  n.  pi.      Loose 

Pan'ta-loong',  n.  pi.  A  kind 
of  trowsers. 

Pan'the-ism,  n.  The  doctrine 
that  the  uuiverse  is  God. 

Piin'the-Ist,  n.  One  who  be- 
lieves In  pantheism. 

Pan'thc-ist'i-e,  a.  Relating 
to  pantheism. 

Pan-thG'cn,  or  Pan'the-on, 
n.  A  temple  dedicated  to  all 
the  deities,  [animal. 

Pan'thcr,  n.  A  ferocious  feline 

Piin'to-graph,  n.  An  instru- 
ment to  copy  any  drawing. 


Pan-t5g'ra-phy,  n.  General 
description ;  entire  view. 

Pan'to-mimc,n.  Arepresep- 
tation  in  dumb  show. 

Pan'to-mim'i-e,       I  a.    Rep- 

Pan'to-mim'ic-al,  )  resent- 
ing characters  and  actions 
by  dumb  show. 

Pan'try,  n.  A  store-room  or 
closet  for  provisions. 

Pap,  n.     A  nipple  ;  soft  food. 

Pa-pa',  n.  Father  ;  —  a  word 
used  by  children. 

Pa'pa-cy,  n.  Office  and  dig- 
nity of  the  Pope ;  popedom. 

Pa'pal,  n.  Eolonging  to  the 
pope ;  popish. 

Pa-paW,  n.  A  tree  and  its 
sweet  edible  fruit. 

Pa/per,  n.  A  substance  for 
writing  or  printing  on.  —  v. 
t.  To  cover  with  paper. 

Pa-piPio-na'gecus,  a.  Re- 
sembling a  butterfly. 

Pap'il-Ia-ry,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  resembling,  nipples. 

Pa'pist,  n.  One  who  adheres  to 
the  Roman  Catholic  religion 
and  the  papal  authority. 

Pa-p:st'ic,       )  a.  Pertaining 

Pa-p:Gt'i-e-al,  j  to  poperv  ; 
popish.  [babe! 

Pap-poose',  n.      An  Indian 

Pap'py,  a.  Like  pap  ;  succu^ 
lent. 

Pa-py'rus,  n.  An  Egyptian 
plant,  and  a  kind  of  paper 
made  from  it. 

Par,  n.  State  of  equality  ; 
equality  of  nominal  and  ac- 
tual value. 

Par'a-ble,  n.    A  moral  fable. 

Pa-rab'o-la,  n 
One  of  the  con 
ic  sections. 

Par'a-tol'ic, 

Par'a-bol'i-e-al 
a.  Expressed  by 
parable,   or   si- 
militude. Parabola.      I 

Par'a-qhute  (-sh<5bt),  «.  A 
contrivance  resembling  an 
umbrella,  to  prevent,  rapid- 
ity of  descent  in  a  balloon,     j 

Par'a-elete,  n.    A  comforter. 

Pa-rade',  n.  A  pompous  ex- 
hibition ;  military  display. 
—  c.  i.    To  assemble  or  go 


about  as  troops.  — v.  t.    To 
display  ;  to  show  off. 

Par'a-digm  (-dVm),  n.  An 
example  of  a  word  declined 
or  conjugated,  &c. 

Par'a-dise,  n.  The  garden 
of  Eden  ;  a  place  of  bliss. 

Par'a-di-si'ae-al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  paradise. 

Par'a-dox  (18),  n.  A  tenet 
seemingly  absurd,  yet  true. 

Par'a-dox'i«-al,  a.  Having 
the  nature  of  a  paradox. 

Par'a-gog'ie,       I  a.  Lcngth- 

Par'a-gog'ic-al,  )  enicg  a 
word  by  adding  a  syllable  or 
letter. 

Par'a-gon,  n.  Pattern  of  su- 
perior excellence. 

Par'a-graph,  n.  A  distinct 
part  of  a  discourse  ;  the 
character  IT;   a  brief  notice. 

Par'al-lax,  n  Apparent 
change  of  place  in  a  heaven- 
ly body  as  viewed  from  dif- 
ferent points. 

Par'al-lel,a.  Equally  distant 

in     all     parts  ;  

like  ;      similar.  

—  n.        A     line     Parallel. 
equally  distantfrom  another 
at  all  points.  — v.  t.    (8)  To 
compare.  [ing  parallel. 

Par'al-lel-ism,  n.  State  of  Lc- 

Par'al-lcl'o-  / 7 

gram,   n.      Af  I 

right-lined  figure — ' 

of     four      sides,  Parallelo- 
whose      opposite      gram. 
sides  are  equal  and  parallel. 

Par'al-lePo-pi'ped,    n.      A 

regular  solid,  the    

faces    of    which  h - pi 

are  six  parallelo-  ^  \\ 

grams. 

Pa-ral'y-SlS,       n.  Parallelopi- 
Palsy;      loss    of       Pcd- 
voluntary  motion. 

Par'a-1/t'ie,  a.  Affected  with 
paral;  sis  or  palsy.  —  n.  One 
affected  with  palsy. 

Par'a-lyze  (31 ),  v.  t.  To  strike 
with  paral.v  sis  or  palsy  ;  to 
destroy  action  in. 

Par'a-mount, a.  Chief;  su- 
perior  to  all  others. 

Par'a-mpur  (-mCor),  /;.  A 
kept  mistress  ;  a  concubine. 


5,  u,  y,  Ions  >'  &> «» i,  ">  Qj  yj  short  i  care,  ciir,<isk,  all,  what  J  Gre,  veil,  term  j  p.'que,  Hrm ; 


PARAPET 

Par'a-pet,  n.  A  wall  for  de- 
fense ;  a  breast-work. 

Par'a-pher-na'li-a,  n.  pi. 
Apparel  and  ornaments  ; 
trappings. 

Par'a-phrase,  n.  A  copious 
explanation  or  re-statement. 

—  v.  t.    To  explain  or  inter- 
pret amply. 

Par'a-phrast'ie,  a.  Ample 
in  explanation ;  not  literal. 

Par'a-slte,  n.  A  hanger-on  ; 
a  plant  growing  on  another. 

—  Syn.     Sycophant. 
Par'a-sit'te,       I  a.     Having 
Par'a-sit'i-e-al,  I      the  quali- 
ties of  a  parasite. 

Par'a-sol',  n.  A  small  um- 
brella used  as  a  screen  from 
the  sun. 

PJir'boil,  v.  t.  To  boil  partly. 

Parcel  (rolloq.  par'sl),  n.  A 
small  bundle  ;  a  portion  ;  a 
package. — t>.  t.  (8)  To  di- 
vide and  distribute  by  por- 
tions ;  to  apportion. 

Parch,  v.  To  burn  the  sur- 
face ;  to  scorch. 

Parch'ment,  n.  Skin  of  a 
sheep  or  goat  dressed  for 
-.rating  on. 

Pird,  n.  The  leopard  ;  any 
spotted  beast. 

Par'don  (psir'dn),  n.  For- 
giveness ,  remission  of  pen- 
alty. —  v.  t.     To  forgive. 

Par'don-a-ble,  a.  Admitting 
of  pardon;  excusable. 

Pare,  v.  t.  To  cut  or  shave  off 
the  surface  of;  to  diminish 
gradually. 

Var'e-gdr'ie,  n.  A  medicine 
that  mitigates  pain. 

Par'ent,  n.  A  father  or 
mother.  [traction. 

Par'ent-age,  n.    Birth;  ex- 

Pa-rant'al,  a.  Like  a  parent; 
tender ;  affectionate. 

Pa-ren'the-sis,«.  A  sentence 
or  a  part  of  one  included  in 
curved  lines,  thus  (  ) ;  the 
<  curved  lines  themselves. 

P&r'en-thet'i-e,      )  a.       In- 

Par'en-thet'i-e-al, )  eluded 
in  a  parenthesis. 

Par-hel'ion  (-hil'yun),  n. 
(pi.  Par-hel'ia.)  A  mock 
sun  or  meteor. 


189 

Pa'ri-ah,  or  Pa'ri-ah,  n.  The 
lowest  caste  in  Hindostan  ; 
an  outcast.  [off. 

Par'ing,  n.    A  thin  strip  cut 

Par'ish,  n.  A  religious  so- 
ciety, or  the  precinct  of  one. 

Pa-rish'ion-er  (-rish'un-),  n. 
One  belonging  to  a  parish. 

Par'i-ty,  n.  Equality  of  num- 
ber, likeness,  quantity,  &e. 

Park,  n.  A  piece  of  inclosed 
ground  kept  for  game,  or 
for  recreation,  &c.  ;  a  place 
for  artillery. 

Par'lance,  n.  Talk  ;  form  of 
speech;  conversation. 

Par'ley,  n.  Conference ;  mu- 
tual discourse.  — v.  i.  To 
treat  by  word  of  mouth. 

Par'lia-ment(piir'i:-),n.  The 
supreme  legislative  assembly 
of  Great  Britain,  &c. 

Par'ila-ment'a-ry,  a.  Per- 
taining to  parliament,  or  to 
legislative  usages. 

Par'lcr  (33),  n.  A  room  for 
receiving  company,  &c. 

Pa-ro'-ehi-al,  a.  "Belonging 
to  a  parish. 

Par'o-dy,  n.  A  ludicrous 
adaptation  of  a  poem. —  v.  t. 
To  apply  differently  ;  to  give 
a  burlesque  imitation  of. 

Pa-rol',    I    n.         Word     of 

Pa-role', )  mouth ;  a  verbal 
promise.  —  a.   Oral ;  verbal. 

Par'o-nym,    /  n.    A  parony- 

Par'o-nyme,  i      mous  word. 

Pa-r6n'y-mous,  a.  Sounding 
alike,  but  of  different  mean- 
ing and  spelling. 

Par'o-quet  (-ket),  n.  A  small 
kind  of  parrot. 

Pa-rot'id,  a.  Pertaining  to 
certain  glands  near  the  cars. 

Par'ox-ysm,  n.  A  violent  fit 
of  pain." 

Par-quet'  (-ka'  or  -ket'),  n. 
Lower  floor  of  a  theater. 

Par'quet-ry  (-ket-),  v.  Cabi- 
net work  of  wood  inlaid  with 
figures. 

Par'ri-gl'dal,  a.  Relating  to, 
or  committing,  parricide. 

Par'ri-Qide,  n.  One  who  mur- 
ders his  parent. 

Par'rot,  n.   A  tropical  bird. 

Par'ry,  v.  t.  To  ward  off. 


PARTNER 

Parse,  v.  t.  To  analyze  and 
describe  grammatically. 

Par'si-mo'ni-cus,  a.  Frugal; 
pen  urious.       [niggardliness. 

Par'si-mo-ny,  n.    Irugality  ; 

Pars'ley,  n.  A  plant  used  in 
cookery.  [root. 

Pars'nip,  n.    A  plant  and  its 

Par'scn  (piir'sn),  n.  The 
clergyman  of  a  parish. 

Par'scn-sge,  w.  Home  of  the 
minister  of  a  parish. 

Part,  n.  A  portion  ;  share  ; 
side.  —  v.  t.  To  divide  :  to 
share;  to  separate,  [part of. 

Par-take',  v.  t.     To  have  a 

Par-terre'  (par-t?.r'),  n.  An 
ornamental  plot  of  ground. 

Par'tial,  a.  Affecting  or  in- 
cluding a  part  only  ;  not 
general  ;  biased 

Par'ti-al'i-ty  (-shT-al'I-),  n. 
Undue  Lias  or  fondness 

Par'tial-ly,  adv.  In  part 
only  ;  with  undue  bias. 

Par-tic/i-psnt,  a.  Sharing  ; 
j  partaking^ — n.  A  partaker. 
i  Par-tlc/i-pate,  v.  t.  To  par- 
take ;  to  share. 
!  Par-tic/i-pa/ticn,  n.  A  shar- 
!      ing ;  distribution. 

Par'ti-cjp'i-al,  a.  Having  the 
nature  of,  or  formed  from, 
a  participle. 

Par'ti-c.i-ple,  n.  A  word  par- 
taking of  the  properties  of  a 
noun  and  a  verb. 

Par'ti-ele,  n.  A  minute  por- 
tion of  matter ;  an  atom. 

Par-ti-e'u-lar,  a.  Pertaining 
to  a  single  person  or  thing  ; 
minute  ;  exact ;  peculiar.  — 
n.  A  single  point  or  circum- 
stance. 

Par-tl-e'u-lar'i-ty,  n.  Some- 
thing peculiar  ;  exactness. 

Par-tl-e'u-lar-Ize  (31),  p.  t. 
To  mention  in  particulars. 

Par-ti-e'u-lar-ly,  adv.  Singly. 

Par'ti-§an/,  n.  An  adherent 
to  a  party  or  faction  —  SYN. 
Follower ;  disciple. 

Par-ti'tion(-tTsh/uu),n.Thnt 
which  separates.  —  v.  t.  To 
divide  into  parts. 

Part'i-tive,  a.  Distributive. 

Part'ly,  adv.  In  part. 

Part'ner,  n.    An  associate  in 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  to~o,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rye,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard;  a§  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  tins. 


PARTNERSHIP 


190 


PATRONIZE 


business ;    a  sharer  ;    com- 
panion, as  in  a  dance. 

Part'ner-shlp,  n.  Union  or 
joint  interest  in  business. 

Par  took',  imp.  of  Partake. 

Par'tridge  (18),  n.  A  name 
given  to  diiferent  birds 

Par'tu-rl'tion  (-rlsh'un),  n. 
Act  of  giving  birth. 

Par'ty  (19),  n.  A  number  of 
persons  united  by  some  tie  ; 
a  select  assembly  ;  one  of 
two  litigants. 

Par'ty-eol'ored,  a.  Varie- 
gated ;  of  various  colors. 

Pas'ehal,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  passover. 

Pa-sha/,  or  Pa'sha,  n.  A 
Turkish  viceroy  or  governor. 

Pa-sha'li-c,  a.  Jurisdiction  of 
a  p  isha. 

Pas  quin-ade'  (-kwin-),  n. 
A  satirical  writing. 

Pass  (2),  v.  t.  To  go  beyond ; 
to  spend  ;  to  omit ;  to  enact. 
— v.  i.  To  go;  to  move;  to 
circulate;  to  be  current. — 
n.  A  passage ;  license  to 
pass ;  a  thrust. 

Pass'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  passed ;  tolerable. 

Pass'a  bly,  adv.    Tolerably. 

Pas'sage,  n.  Act  of  passing ; 
journey  ;  way  ;  incident  ; 
portion  of  a  book. 

Pass'-bdbk,  n.  A  book  in 
•which  a  trader  enters  ar- 
ticles bought  on  credit  and_ 
then  passes  or  sends  it  to 
the  purchaser. 

Pas'sen-ger,  n.  A  traveler  by 
some  public  conveyance. 

Pass'ing,  n.   Act  of  going  by. 

Pas'sion  (pash'un),  n.  That 
which  is  suffered ;  any  strong 
emotion.  —  Syn.  Feeling; 
emotion.  fed'. 

Pac;'sion>-ate,a.  Easily  exeft- 

Pas'sion'-ate-ly,  adv.  With  ! 
passion.  [excited.  ' 

Pas'sion-less,  a.     Not  easily 

Pas'sive,  a.  Receiving  im- 
pressions ;  not  active  ;  unre- 
sisting. 

Pas'sive-ly,  adv.  In  a  pas- 
sive manner. 

Pass'o-vver,  n.  A  feast  of  the 
Jews.     See  Exod.  xii. 


Pass'port,  n.  A  permission 
to  travel ;  a  safe  conduct. 

Pass'word  (-wfird),  n.  A 
word  to  be  given  before  one 
can  pass  ;  a  watch-word. 

Past,  prep.  Beyond. — n.  Time 
that  has  gone  by.  —  a. 
Elapsed  ;  ended. 

Paste,  n.  An  adhesive  mixt- 
ure.—  v.  t.  To  unite  with 
paste.  [thick  paper. 

Paste'board,  n.   A  species  of 

Pas'tern,«.  Partof  a  horse's 
leg  next  to  the  hoof. 

Pastille',  n.  A  small  cone  of 
perfumed  paste  for  burning. 

Pas'tlme  ( 17),  ».  Diversion  ; 
amusement ;  spor.f.  > 

Pas'tor,  n.  A  shepherdN  min- 
ister of  a  church.         \ 

Pas'tor-al,  a.  Rural ;  relating 
to  a  pastor. — n.  A  poem 
describing  rural  life.       [tor. 

Pas'tor-ate,  n.  Office  of  a  pas- 

Pas'try,  n.  Pies,  tarts,  cake, 
&c.  [pasture. 

Past'ur-a-ble,  a.       Pit  for 

Past'ur-age,  n.  Lands  grazed 
by  cattle ;  grass  for  cattle. 

Past'ure,  n.  Land  for  graz- 
ing. —  v.  t.  or  i.     To  graze. 

Pas'ty ,  a.  Like  paste  or  dough. 

—  ii.  A  pie  made  of  paste. 
Pat,  a.  Pit;  exactly  suitable. 

—  n.     A  light  blow. 
Patch  (18),   n.     A   piece  of 

cloth    used    in     mendjng  ; 

plot.  —  v.t.   To  put  a  patch 

on  ;  to  repair  clumsily. 
Patch'work  (-wflrk),  n.    Bits 

of    cloth    sewed    together ; 

bungling  work.  (head. 

Pate,n.  Mead;  skin  of  a  calf's 
Pa/tent,  or  Pat'ent,   n.    A 

grant  of  an  exclusive  right  to 

an  invention.  —  v.    t.      To 

make  a  public  grant  of. 
Pa/tent,  or  Pat'ent,  a.  Open  ; 

public  ;  manifest. 
Pa/tentee',  or  Pat'ent-ee', 

n.    One  to  whom  a  patent  is 

granted.  [reditary. 

Pa-ter'nal.  a.    Fatherly  ;  he- 
Pa-ter'ni-ty,  n.     Relation  of 

a   father   to    his  offspring ; 

fatherhood.  [prayer. 

Pa'ter-nSs'ter,  n.  The  Lord's 
Path,  n.  (pi.  Paths.)   A  way 


trod  by  man  or  beast ;  courso 
of  action  or  life.  —  SYIV. 
Road  ;  route  ;  passage;  track. 

Pa-thet'i€,  a.  Affecting  the 
tender  emotions.  [path. 

Path/less,    a.       Having    no 

Path'o-log'i-e,       1  a.    Rclat- 

PatlFo-log'ie-al,  j  ing  to 
pathology. 

Pa-thol'o-gTst,  n.  One  who 
treats  of  pathology. 

Pa-thol'o-gy,  n.  The  science 
of  diseases. 

Pa'thos,  n.  That  which 
awakens  tender  emotions. 

Path'way,  n.  A  path  con- 
ducting to  any  point. 

Pa'tience,  n.  Power  of  suf- 
fering without  complaint  ; 
perseverance  ;  resignation. 

Pa'tient,rt.  Enduring  with- 
out complaint.  —  n.  A  sick 
person. 

Pa'tient-ly,  adv.  Without 
complaint ;  with  resignation. 

Pa'tri-areh ,  n .  The  liead  of 
a,  family  or  church. 

Pa/tri-areh'alja.  Pertaining 
to  a  patriarch. 

Pa-tri'cian  (-trlsh'an),^.  Of 
noble  family.  —  n.  A  noble- 
man, [by  inheritance. 

Pat'ri-mo'ni-al,  a.  Possessed 

Pat'ri-mo-ny,  n.  An  estate 
derived  by  inheritance. 

Pa'tri-ot,  n.  One  who  loves 
]iis  country. 

Pa'triot'ie,  a.  Having  love 
to  one's  country. 

Pa'tri-ot-i§m,  n.  Love  of 
one's  country. 

Pa-tris'tie,  a.  Relating  to  the 
ancient  Christian  fathers. 

Pa-trol',  n.  The  guard  that 
goes  round  a  camp  at  night. 
—  v.  i.  To  go  i-o und,  as  a 
sentry.  —  v.  t.  To  pass 
round,  as  a  sentry. 

Pa'tron,  n.  One  who  counte- 
nances or  protects.' — Syn. 
Advocate :  benefactor, 

Pat'ron-age,  n.  Special  coun- 
tenance or  support ;  aid. 

Pat'ron-al,  a.  Protecting  ; 
favoring.  [tron. 

Pa'tron-ess,  n.    A  female  pa- 

Pat'ron-ize  (31),  v.  t.  To  act 
the  patron  to.  —  Syn.      To 


f,  short;  care,car,  ask,  all,  what ;  Gre,veil,  term  ;  p'.'que,  firm 


a,e,i,o,u,y,/ong-/  a, 


PATRONYMIC 


191 


PELICAN! 


support ;    favor  ;    aid  ;    de- 
fend ;  uphold. 

Pat'ro-nym'ie,  n.  A  name 
derived  from  an  ancestor. 

Pat/ten,  n.  The  base  of  a 
column  ;  a  kind  of  wooden 
shoe  standing  on  an  iron 
ring.  [drops  of  rain. 

Pat'ter,  v.  i.     To  strike  aa 

Pat'tern,  n.  A  model  for  imi- 
tation. —  v.  i.     To  copy. 

Plt'ty,  n.     A  little  pie. 

P  ui'gi-ty,  n.  Smallness  of 
number  or  quantity,  [belly. 

Paunch,  or  Paunch,  n.    The 

Pau'per,  n.  A  poor  person  ; 
one  who  receives  alms. 

Pau'per-ism,  n,  State  of  be- 
ing a  pauper  ;  indigence. 

Pau§e ,  n .  A  stop  ;  cessation  ; 
suspense.  — v.  i.  To  stop  ;  j 
to  cease  ;  to  wait. 

Pave,  t».  t.  To  lay  with  stone  j 
or  brick.        [stone  or  brick.  J 

Pave'ment,  n.     A  floor  of  | 

Pav'er,    )  n.     One  who  lays 

Pav'ier,  j  stones  for  a  pave- 
ment. 

Pa-vil'ion  (-yun),  n.  A  tent ; 
a  kind  of  building  or  turret. 

Paw,  n.  The  foot  of  a  beast. 
— v.  i.  or  t.  To  scrape  or 
strike  with  the  foot. 

Pawn,  n.  A  pledge  deposited. 

—  v.  t.    To  leave  as  security. 
Pawn'bro-ker,  n.    One  who 

lends  money  on  pledge. 
Pay,  r.  t.    [imp.  and  p.  p. 
Paid.]    To  discharge,  as  a 
debt  or  duty  ;  to  reward  ;  to 
rub  over,  as  with  tar,  &c. 

—  v.  i.      To  be  remunera- 
tive.—  n.  Payment ;  reward. 

Pay'a-ble,  a.    Justly  due. 

Pay'-day,  n.  A  day  of  reck- 
oning. 

Pay-ee',  n.  One  to  whom  a 
note  is  made  payable. 

Pay'-mas/ter,  n.  An  officer 
who  makes  payment. 

Pay'ment,  n.  Act  of  paying  ; 
money  paid. 

Pea  (23),  n.  A  plant  and  its 
fruit,  used  for  food. 

Peage,  n.  Quiet ;  repose  ;  free- 
dom from  war  or  disturb-  ; 
ance.  [to  peace  ;  quiet. 

Peage'a-ble  ( 11),  a.   Disposed  j 


Peage'ful  (17),  a.  Quiet  in 
mind ;  undisturbed. 

Peage'-mak'er,  n.  One  who 
makes  peace  by  reconciling 
parties  at  variance. 

Peach  (18),  n.  A  delicious 
stone-fruit.  [fowl. 

Pea'edck,  n.       A  beautiful 

Pea'hen,  n.  Female  of  the 
peacock.  [a  point. 

Peak,  n.    The  top  of  a  hiil ; 

Peal,n.  A  loud  sound,  —v.  i. 
To  utter  loud  and  solemn 
sounds.  [a  paean. 

Pe'an,  n.    A  triumphal  song ; 

Pear,  n.    A  tree  and  its  fruit. 

Pearl,  n.  A  white  substance 
found  in  the  oyster.  —  v.  t. 
To  adorn  with  pearls. 

Pearl'ash,7i.  Refined  potash. 

Pearl'y,  a.     Like  pearl. 

Peas/ant,  n.  One  who  lives 
by  rural  labor.         [rustics. 

PSas/ant-ry,  n.      Peasants  ; 

Pease,  n.  pi.  Peas  collectively. 

Peat,  n.  A  species  of  turf.often 
used  for  fuel.  [stone. 

Peb'ble,  n.  A  small  roundish 

Peb'bly,  a.     Full  of  pebbles. 

Pe-ean',  n.  A  tree  and  its 
nut.  [to  sin. 

Pe-e'-ea-bil'i-ty,  n.    Liability 

Pe€'«a-ble,  a.    Liable  to  sin. 

PeV-ca-dil'lo  (18),  n.  A  slight 
fault ;  a  petty  offense. 

Peck,  n.  Fourth  of  a  bushel. 
—  v.  t.  To  strike  with  the 
beak  or  something  pointed. 

Pe-e'to-ral,  a.  Belonging  to 
the  breast.  —  n.  A  medi- 
cine for  the  breast. 

Pe-e'u-late,  v.  i.  To  steal  pub- 
lic moneys  intrusted  to  one. 

Pe-e'u-la/tion,  n.  Act  of  pecu- 
lating ;  embezzlement. 

Pe€'u-la/tor,  n.  A  robber  of 
the  public  property. 

Pe-cul'iar,  a.  Appropriate; 
singular ;  special. 

Pe-euPiar'i-ty  (-y&r'i-),  n. 
Singularity. 

Pe-eul'iar-iy,  adv.  Tn  a  pe- 
culiar manner;  particularly. 

Pe-eun'ia-ry  (-kun'ya-),  a. 
Pertaining  to  money. 

Ped'a-gSg'ie,       )  a.  Suiting, 

Ped'a-gog'ie-al,  I  or  pertain- 
ing to,  a  pedagogue. 


Ped'a-gog-ism,  n.    Busine. 
or  character  of  a  pedagogue. 

Ped'a-g6gue,  n.  A  school- 
master. 

Ped'al,  n.  The  foot-key  of  an 
organ  or  piano-forte. 

Ped'ant,  n.  One  who  makes 
a  display  of  learning. 

Pe-dant'i-e,  a.  Displaying 
pedantry. 

Ped'ant-ry,  n.  Ostentation 
of  learning. 

Peti'dle,  v.  i.  To  travel  and 
retail  goods. 

Ped'dler,  n.  A  traveling  trad- 
er in  small  wares. 

Ped'es-tal,  n.  The  base  of  a 
column,  statue,  &c. 

Pe-des'tri-an,  a.  Going,  or 
performed  on  foot. —  n.  One 
who  goes  on  foot. 

Pe-dgs'tri-an-i'sm,  n.  Act 
of  walking,  and  going  on 
foot. 

Ped'i-gree,  n.  Genealogy ; 
lineage. 

Ped'i-ment,  n.  An  ornament- 
al crowning  of  a  door,  win- 
dow, &c. 

Pe'do-bap'tist,  n.  One  who 
holds  to  infant  bapti.-m. 

Pe-dun'€le,  n.  Stem  of  a 
flower  and  of  the  fruit 'of  a 
plant. 

Peel  (8),  v.  t.  To  strip  of 
skin  or  rind.  —  v.  i.  To 
come  off,  as  the  skin.  —  n. 
Rind  ;  bark  ;  a  large  fire 
shovel. 

Peep,  n.  Sly  look  ;  first  ap- 
pearance ;  cry  of  chickens. 
—  v.  i.  To  begin  to  appear ; 
to  cry  as  a  chicken. 

Peer,  n.  An  equal ;  a  noble- 
man. —  v.  i.  To  come  in 
sight. 

Peer'age,  n.     Body  of  peers. 

Peer'ess,  n.    Wife  of  a  peer. 

Peer'less,  a.  Without  an 
equal ;  unequaled. 

Pee'vish,  a.  Easily  vexed.  — ■ 
Sy.\.  Cross  ;  testy  ;  irrita- 
ble ;  captious ;  fretful. 

Peg,  n.     A  small  wooden  pin. 

Pelf,  n.  Money  ; — in  an  odious 
sense. 

Pel'i-ean,  n.  A  large  web- 
footed  water-fowl. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  tins. 


PELISSE 

Pe-ttsse'  (-leess'),  n.  A  silk 
habit  for  a  female. 

Pell  (1),  n.    A  skin  ;  a  hide. 

Pei'let,  71.    A  little  ball. 

Pel'li-eie,  n.  A  thin  external 
skin ;  film. 

Pell-mell',  adv.   Confusedly. 

rel-lu'gid,  a.  Admitting  the 
passage  of  light ;  clear. 

Pelt,  n.  A  raw  or  undressed 
hide.  —  v .  t.  To  strike  with 
pellets  or  missiles. 

Pelt'ry,  n.    Furs. 

Pcl'vis,  11.  Eony  structure  at 
the  lower  extremity  of  the 
body,  which  contains  the 
intestines,  &c. 

Pcm'mi-€an,  n.  Meat  dried, 
pounded,  and  mixed  with 
melted  fat  and  dried  fruit. 

Pen,  n.  Instrument  for  writ- 
ing ;  a  writer;  a  small  in- 
closure  for  beasts.  —  v.  t.  To 
write ;  to  confine. 

Pe'nal,  a.  Denouncing  or  in- 
curring punishment. 

P5n'al-ty,tt.  Punishment  at- 
tached to  the  commission  of 
a  crime. 

Pen'ange.  n.  Suffering  inflict- 
ed or  self-imposed  for  sin. 

PSn^e,  n.  pi.  of  Penny. 

Pen'gil,  n.  A  brush  ;  an  in- 
strument of  black  lead, 
colored  chalk,  or  the  like, 
for  writing  and  drawing.  — 
v.  t.  (8)   To  draw  or  paint. 

PSnd'ant,  7t.  A  hanging  ap- 
pendage; a  pennant. 

Pgnd'en-gy, n.  Suspense;  de- 
lay of  decision. 

Pcnd'ent,  a.  Hanging  ;  sus- 
pended ;  pendulous. 

Pend'ing,  a.  Remaining  un- 
decided ;  in  suspense. 

PSn&'u-lous,  a.  Swinging. 

PSnd'u-lum,  n.  A  body  sus- 
pended and  vibrating. 

Pen'e-tra-bil'i-ty.  n.  Quality 
of  being  penetrable. 

Pen'e-tra-ble,^.  Capable  of 
being  penetrated. 

Pcn'e-trate,  v.  t.  To  pierce  ; 
to  enter  ;  to  feel  deeply. 

Pcn'e-tra'tion,  7i.  Act  of  en- 
tering ;  sagacity. 

PCn'e-tra/tive,  \  a.  Discem- 

P6n'e-tra/ting,  {  ing ;  acute. 


Penguin. 


192 

Pen'gvtm(-gwin), 
n.  A  web-footed 
marine  bird. 

Pen-In'su-1 
(-sa-    or  -ship),    ; 
v.    Land  nearly 
surrounded    by 
water. 

Pen-In'su-lar 
(-su-  or  -shu-),   a.     Having 
the  form  of  a  peninsula. 

Pen'i-tenge,  n.  Sorrow  of 
heart  for  sin  ;  contrition. 

Pen'i-tent,  a. !  Suffering  sor- 
row for  sin.  -1- n.  One  sor- 
rowful for^in. 

Pen'i-ten'tial,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  expressing,  penitence. 

Pen'i-ten'ti-a-ry  (-slu-a-ry), 
a.  Eclating  to  penitence. 
—  n.  A  house  of  correction  ; 
prison. 

Pen'kmfo  (pen'If,  20),  n.  A 
knife  for  pens. 

Pen'man  (21),  n.  One  who 
writes  a  good  hand ;  an 
author. 

Pen'man-ship,  v.  Manner  of 
writing;  use  of  the  pen. 

Pen'nant,  )  n.     A  small  flag 

Pen'non,    j      or  streamer. 

Pen'nate,  a.    Winged. 

Pen'ni-less  (13),  a.  Having 
no  money. 

Pen'ny,  n.  (pi.  Pen'nies. 
Pencje,  25.)  The  twelfth  cfa 
shilling,  equal  to  four  far- 
things, or  about  two  cents. 

Pen'ny-roy'al,  n.  An  aro- 
matic herb 

Pen'ny- weight  (-w2t)i  n.  A 
troy  weight  cf  L4  grains. 

Pen'ny-wlsc,  a.  Saving 
small  sums  at  the  risk  of 
losing  larger  ones. 

Pcn'ny-wcrlh  (-wfirth),  n. 
As  much  as  is  bought  for  a 
penny  ;  a  bit. 

P5n'slie,  a.    Hanging. 

Pen'sion,  n.  A  fettled  yearly 
allowance  by  government. 
— ?•.  t.  To  grant  a  pension  to. 

Pen'sion-a-ry,  a.  Receiving, 
or  consisting  of,  a  pension. 

Pen'sion-er,  n.  One  who  re- 
ceives a  pension. 

Pen'sive,  a.  Thoughtful ; 
sad. 


PERADVENTURE 

Pent,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Pen 
Closely  confined. 

Pen'ta-gcn,  n.  A 
figure  of  five  an- 
gles and  five  sides. \ 

Pen-tag'o-nal,    a. 
Having    five    an-  _, — 
glef!-  Pentagon. 

Pen'ta-graph,  n.  An  instru- 
ment for  copying  figures. 

Pen'ta-he'dral,  a.  Having 
five  equal  sides. 

Pen'ta-he'drcn,  n.  A  figure 
having  five  equal  sides. 

Pen-tam'e-ter,  n.  A  poetic 
verse  of  five  feet. 

Pcn-tan'gu-lar,  a.  Havinj 
five  angles. 

Pen'ta-tcti-ch,  n.  First  five 
books  of  the  Old  Testament. 

Pen'te-c8st,  n.  A  Jewish  fes- 
tival fifty  days  after  the 
Passover. 

Pent'-hcuse,  n.  A  shed  slop- 
ing from  the  main  building. 

Pe'nult,  or  Tc-nult',  n.  Last 
syllabic  but  one. 

Pe-nul'ti-rra,      )n.  The  last 

Pe-nul'li  mate, J  syllablo 
but  one  of  a  word  ;  penult. 

Pe-nult'i-mcte,  a.  Of  the 
last  syllable  but  one. 

Pc-nCm'tra,  a.  A  partial 
shade  in  an  eclipse. 

Pe-nu'ri-cCs,  a.  Very  parsi- 
monious; niggardly. 

Pen'u-ry,  n.  Poverty  ;  indi- 
gence. 

Pc'cn,  77.  A  debtor  held  as  a 
slave  till  he  works  out  his 
debt. 

Pe'cn-rgc,  n.  The  servitude 
cfa  peon. 

Pc'o-ny,  n.  A  plant  and  its 
flower. 

Pcc'ple  (pc'pl),  n.  A  nation  ; 
persons  generally  ;  folks.  — 
v.  I.  To  stock  with  inhabi- 
tants ;  to  populate. 

PSp'per,  n.  A  plant  and  its 
hot,  pungent  seed.  —  v  t. 
To  sprinkle  with  pepper 

PSp'per-mmt,  7?.  An  aro- 
matic and  pungent  plant. 

PSp'per-y,  a.  Hot ;  pungent; 
fiery  ;  irritable. 

PSr'ad-vSnt'ure,  adv.  By 
chance  ;  perhaps. 


a,G,  1,5,  \i,y,hmz;  f.,  o,  T,o,u,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what;  ere,  veil,  term;  pique,  firm  ; 


PERAMBULATE 

Per-am'bu-late,  v.  t.  To 
walk  round  or  over. 

Per-am'bu-la'tiqn,  n.  A 
passing  or  walking  over. 

Per-am'bu-la/tor,  n.  One 
who  perambulates;  instru- 
ment to  measure  distances. 

Per-geiv'a-ble  (11),  a.  Ca- 
pable of  being  perceived. 

Per-geive',  v.  t.  To  feel ;  to 
observe;  to  discern. 

Per-g§nt'age,  n.  Allowance 
or  duty  on  a  hundred. 

Per-gep'ti-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  perceived. 

Per-gep'ti-bly,  adv.  So  as 
to  be  perceived. 

Per-gep'tion,  n.  Act  or  power 
of  perceiving.  —  Syn.  Idea  ; 
conception ;  sentiment ;  sen- 
sation; observation,    [ceive. 

Per-cep'tive,  a.  Able  to  per- 

Perch,  n.  A  kind  of  fish ;  a 
pole  :  a  roost ;  a  rod.  —  v.  i. 
To  light ;  to  roost. 

Per-change',  adv.   Perhaps. 

Per-gip'i-ent,  a.  Having  the 
faculty_of  perception. 

Per'-co-late,.  v.  i.  or  t.  To 
strain  through ;  to  filter. 

Pcr'-eo-la/tionjn.  A  passing 
through  small  interstices ; 
filtration. 

Per-eus'sion  (-kHsh'un),  n. 
Act  or  effect  of  striking  ;  vi- 
bratory shock ;  a  stroke. 

Per-di'tion  (-dish'un),  n. 
Ruin ;  loss  of  the  soul. 

Per-dii',  adv.  Lost ;  in  a  state 
of  concealment. 

Per'e-gri-na'tion,  n.  A  trav- 
eling ;  a  wandering. 

Per'emp-to-ri-ly,  adv.  Posi- 
tively; absolutely. 

P3r'emp-to-ri-ness,  n.  Posi- 
tiveness.  [absolute. 

Per'emp-to-ry,  a.    Positive; 

Per-en'ni-al,  a.  Durable  ; 
lasting  perpetually. 

Per'feet,  a.  Complete  ;  fin- 
ished ;  consummate. 

Per'-feet,  or  Per-fe€t',  v.  t. 
To  finish  ;  to  complete. 

Per-fsc'tion,  n.  State  of 
being  perfect ;  completeness. 

Per-fe-et'ive,  a.  Conducive 
to  perfection. 

Per-fid'i-ous,  a.     False    to 


.193 

trust  ;   faithless  ;    treacher- 
ous. 
|  Per'fi-dy,   n.       Violation  of 
|      faith.  —  Syn.     Treachery  ; 
I      disloyalty  ;  faithlessness. 
;  Per'fo-rate,  v.  t.    To  bore  or 
I      pierce  through. 
!  Per'fo-ra'tion,?!.  Act  of  bor- 
ing through ;  a  hob  bored. 
|  Per- forge',  adv.     Violently  ; 
j      of  necessity. 
Per-form',  v.  t.    To  do  ;  to 
|      execute  thoroughly. 
;  Per-form'ange,  n.  That 

|      which    is    done ;    composi- 
j      tion ;  work. 
Per-form'er,  n.  One  who  per- 
forms. 
j  Per'fume,  or  Per-fume',  n. 
A  sweet  scent ;  fragrance. 
Per-fume',  v.  t.    To  scent. 
Per-fum'er-y,  n.    Perfumes 

in  general. 
Per-fune'to-ry,  a.    Done  to 
get  rid  of  the  duty  ;  indiffer- 
ent ;  negligent. 
Per-haps',  adv.  By  chance. 
Pe'ri(18),n.  A  kind  of  fairy. 
PeVi-ear'di-um,  n.      Mem- 
brane inclosing  the  heart. 
Per'i-earp,  n.  Ripened  ovary 

of  a  plant. 
Per'i-gee,  n.    That  point  in 
the  orbit  of  the  moon  which 
is  nearest  to  the  earth. 
Per'i-hel'ion  (or  -hG'lT-un), 
n.    The  point  in  a  planet's 
orbit  nearest  the  sun. 
Per'il,  n.  Danger  ;  risk  ;  haz- 
ard.— v.  t.  (8)   To  hazard. 
PSr'il-ous,  a.  Full  of  danger. 
Pe-rim'e-ter,  n.     The  outer 

boundary  of  a  figure. 
Pe'li-od,  n.     A  circuit;  time 
of  a  revolution  ;    series  of 
years ;    epoch  ;     era ;    age  J 
end  ;  a  complete  sentence ; 
a  point  [.],  used  in  writing 
and  printing. 
Pe'ri-od'i-e-al,  a.    Regularly 
returning. — n.     A  period- 
ical magazine. 
Pe'ri-Sd'ie-al-ly,  adv.      At 

stated  periods. 
Pe-rlph'er-y,  ».     Circumfer- 
ence of  a  circle. 
Per'i-phrase,     )  n.  A  round- 
Pe-riph'ra-sis,  )   about  mode 


PERPENDICULAR 

of  expression ;    circumlocu- 
tion. 

Per'i-phras'ti-e,  a.  Express- 
ing or  expressed  in  many 
words  ;  circumlocutory. 

Per'ish,  v.  i.  To  decay ;  to 
die ;  to  go  to  ruin. 

Per'ish-a-ble,  a.  Liable  to 
perish ;  subject  to  decay. 

Per'i-stal'ti-e,  a.  Contracting 
with  a  worm-like  motion. 

Per'i-style,  n.  A  range  of 
columns  round  an  edifice. 

Per'i-wig,  n.    A  small  wig. 

Per'i-wlnk'le,  n.  A  small 
shell-fish.  [oath  to. 

Per'jure,  v.t.  To  make  a  false 

Per'ju-ry.  n.  The  act  of  will- 
fully taking  a  false  oath. 

Perk, a.    Lively;  pert. 

Per'ma-nenge,    I  n.  Contin- 

Per'ma-nen-gy, )  uancc ; 
duration;  fixedness. 

Per'ma-nent,  a  Durable  ; 
lasting ;  without  change. 

Per'me-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  passed  through. 

Per'me-ate,  v.  t.  To  pass 
through  the  interstices  of. 

Per'me-a'tion,  n.  The  act  of 
passing  through  pores. 

Per-mis'si-ble,  a.  Proper  to 
be  permitted ;  allowable. 

Per-mis'sion  (-mish'un),  n. 
Act  of  permitting  ;  formal 
consent;  leave;  liberty. 

Per-mis'sive,  a.    Granting. 

Per-mit',  v.  t.  To  give  per- 
mission or  leave  ;  to  license. 

Per'mit,  or  Per-mit',  n.  A 
warrant  in  writing. 

Per'mu-ta/tion,  n.  Arrange- 
ment of  a  given  number  of 
things  in  all  possible  ways. 

Per-ni'cious  (-nlsh'us),  a. 
Injuring  or  tending  to  in- 
jure.—  Syn.  Hurtful ;  nox- 
ious ;  destructive. 

Per'o-ra'tion,  n.  The  closing 
part  of  an  oration. 

PeVpen-di-e'u- 
lar,  a.  Up- 
right; meeting 
at  right  angles. 
—  n.  A  line  or 
plane  at  right 
angles  to  an-  ad,  Perpen- 
other.  dicular. 


s6n,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took;  Qrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft, 
13 


«ifc'i 


as.;  e? 


this. 


PERPENDICULARLY 

PeVpen-dre'u-lar-ly,  adv. 
At  right  angles. 

Per'pe-trate,  v.  t.  To  do  or 
commit ;  to  perform. 

Per'pe-tra/tion,  h.  Commis- 
sion of  something  wrong. 

Per'pe-tra/tor,  n.  Ono  who 
perpetrates. 

Per-pet'u-al,  a.  Never  ceas- 
ing ;  everlasting. 

Per-pet'u-ate,  v.  t.  To  make 
perpetual. 

Per-pet'u-a/tion,  )  n. Endless 

PeVpe-tu'i-ty,      J  duration 

Per-plex',  v.  t.  To  embar- 
rass; to  puzzle,  [ing. 

Per-plex'ing,  a.  Embarrass- 

Per-plex'i-ty,  n.  State  of  in- 
tricacy ;  embarrassment 

Per'qui-Site,  n.  An  extra 
allowance  in  money  or  other 
things. 

PeVse-eute,  v.  t.  To  pursue 
with  malignity  ;  to  harass. 

Per'se-euy.ion,  n.  State  of 
being  persecuted. 

Per'se-cu/tor,  n.  One  who 
persecutes. 

Pcr'se-ver'ange,  n.  A  persist- 
ing in  what  is  undertaken 

Por'se-vere',  v.  i.  To  persist. 

Per-sim'mon,  n.  An  Ameri- 
can tree  and  its  fruit. 

Per-sist',  v.  ?'.  To  persevere 
steadily  and  firmly. 

Per-sist'enge,  n.  Persever- 
ance against  opposition  ; 
steady  pursuit. 

Per'son  (per'sn),  n.  A  living 
human  being;  one;  out- 
ward appearance. 

Per'son-a-ble,  a.  Having  a 
well-formed  body. 

Per'son-age,  n.  A  person  of 
distinction. 

Per'son-al,  a<  Belonging  to  a 
person  ;  movable. 

Por'son-al'i-ty,  n.  Direct  ap- 
plication to  a  person. 

Pcr'son-al-ly,  adv.  In  person. 

Pcr'son-al-ty,  n.  Personal 
property  or  estate. 

Per'son-ate,  if.  t.  To  repre- 
sent, [representing. 

Per'son-a'tion,  n.      Act  of 

Pcr-soiVi-fi-ea/tion,  n.  A 
representation  of  inanimate 
things  as  living  beings. 


194 

Per-son'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  regard 
or  treat  as  a  person. 

Per-spe-e'tive,  a.  Relating  to 
vision.  —  n.  Art  of  repre- 
senting objects  correctly  on 
a  plane  surface. 

Per'spi-ea'cious,  a.  Quick- 
sighted:  discerning;  keen. 

PeVspi-eac/i-ty,  n.  Acute- 
ness  of  sight  or  discernment. 

Per'spi-cu'i-ty,  n.  Clearness. 

Per-spi€'u-OUS,  a.  Clear,  es- 
pecially jn  statement ;  plain.  | 

Per/spi-ra'tion,  n.  Excretion  I 
through  the  pores  ;  sweat.     | 

Per-spire',  v.  To  emit  fluid  j 
matter  through  the  pores  ;  j 
to  sweat. 

Per-suade',  v.  t.  To  influence  i 
by  argument  or  entreaty. 

Per-sua'sion,  n.    Act  of  per-  ] 
suading  ;    creed  ;     belief  ; 
reason. 

Per-sua'sive,  a.  Tending  to 
persuade. 

Pert,  a.  Smart ;  brisk ;  saucy.  '' 

Per-tain'(8),t>.i.  To  belong; 
to  relate. 

Per'ti-na/ckms,  a.  Holding 
firmly  to  any  opinion  or 
purpose. —  Syn.  Firm  ;  con- 
stant ;  stubborn ;  obstinate. 

Per'ti-nac/i-ty,  n.  Obsti- 
nacy in  adherence. 

Per'ti-nenge,    (  n.    Fitness ; 

Per'ti-nen-gy,  j  suitableness. 

Per'ti-nent,  a.  Appropriate 
to  the  case. —Syn.  Rele- 
vant ;  apposite  ;  appropri- 
ate ;  apt.  [purpose. 

Per'ti-nent-ly,  adv.    To  the 

Pert'ly,  adv.  Smartly  ;  sau- 
cily ;  impertinently. 

Pert'ness,  n.    Sauciness. 

Per-turb',  t?.  t.  To  disturb 
the  mind  of;  to  agitate. 

Per'tur-ba/tion,  n.  Disturb- 
ance of  the  mind  or  pas- 
sions;  disquiet,         [of  hair. 

Per'uke,  n.    An  artificial  cap 

Pe-rii'sal,  n.  Act  of  perus- 
ing, [tcntion. 

Pc-ruse',  v.  t.  To  read  with  at- 

Per-vade',  v.  t.  To  pass 
through.  [vading. 

Per-va'sion,  n.    Act  of  per- 

Per-va/sivc,  a.  Tending,  or 
having  power,  to  pervade. 


PETROLEUM 

Per-verse',  a.  Obstinate  in 
the  wrong  ;  fro  ward. 

Per-ver'sion,  n.  A  diverting 
from  the  proper  use. 

Per-ver'si-ty  (11),  n.  State 
of  beiug  perverse. 

Per-ver'sive,  a.  Tending  to 
pervert  or  corrupt. 

Per- vert',  v.  t.  To  turn  from 
truth  or  from  the  right ;  to 
corrupt,    [being  penetrated. 

Per'vi-ous,    a.    Capable    of 

Per'vi-ous-ness,  v.  Quality 
of  being  pervious. 

Pest,  n.     Plague  ;  pestilence. 

Pes'ter,  v.  t.  To  harass  with 
little  vexations ;  to  annoy. 

Pest'-house,  n.  A  hospital 
for  infectious  diseases. 

Pes-tif'er-ous,  a.  Pestilen- 
tial ;  troublesome. 

Pes'ti-lenge,  n.  Contagious 
distemper;  plague. 

Pes'ti-lent,  a.  Noxious  to 
health,  morals,  society,  &c. 

Pfis'ti-len'tialjO.  Containing, 
or  tending  to,  the  plague. 

Pes'tle  (pes'l),  n.  An  instru- 
ment for  pounding  and 
breaking  things  in  a  mortar. 

Pet,  n.  Fit  of  peevishness  ; 
any  creature  fondled  or  in- 
dulged.—  v.  t.  To  treat  as 
a  pet ;  to  fondle.  [leaf. 

Pet'al,  or  Pe'tal,  n.  A  flower- 

Pe-tard',  n.  A  piece  of  ord- 
nance for  blowing  up  works. 

Pet'i-ole,  n.  Foot-stalk  of 
a  leaf.  [tie;  mean. 

Pet'it  (pSt'y),  a.    Small ;  lit- 

Pe-ti'tion  f-tish/un),  n.  Re- 
quest;  prayer. — v.  t.  To 
supplicate;  to  solicit. 

Pet'rel,  n.  A  long-winged, 
web-footed  sea-fowl. 

Pet'ri-fa-e'tion,  n.  Conver- 
sion into  stone. 

Pet'ri-faet'ive,  a.  Having 
power  to  change  into  stony 
matter;  petrific. 

Pe-trif'i€,  a.  Having  power 
to  turn  to  stone. 

Pet'ri-fy,  v.  t.  To  convert  into 
stone  or  a  stony  substance. 
—  v.  i.     To  become  stone. 

Pe-tro'le-um,  n.  An  inflam- 
mable, bituminous  liquid 
exuding  from  the  e.irth. 


fi,«,T,  o,  u,y, Ions;  a,  8,1,  o,  Q,y,  short;  cure,  car, ask, all, what;  Ore,  veil,  term  ;  pVque,  firm  : 


195 

PhrVan-thrSp'i-e,       )        a. 

Phil'an-throp'ic-al,  )  Hav- 
ing good  will  to  mankind. 

Phl-lan'thro-pist,  n.  A  per- 
son of  general  benevolence. 

Phi-lan'thro-py,n.  The  love 
of  mankind  at  large. 

Phi-lip'pi-e,  n.  Any  invective 
discourse  or  declamation. 

Phil'o-log'i-e-al,  a.  .Pertain- 
ing to  philology. 

Phi-15i'o-ger,    I  n.  One  versed 

Phl-161'o-gist,  j  inphilo.ogy. 

Phi-15i'o-gy,  n.  The  study 
of  language,  esp.  in  a  phil- 
osophical manner.         [gale. 

Phll'o-mel,  n.     The  nightin- 

Phl'lo-pro-gen'i-tive-ness , 
n.    The  love  of  offspring. 

Phi-16s'o-pher,  n.  One  skilled 
in  philosophy. 

PhiPo-soph'ie,       { a.     Per- 

Phil'o-sdph'ic-al ,  )  taining 
or  according  to  philosophy  ; 
rational ;  cool. 

PhiPo-sSph'i-e-al-ly,  adv. 
According  to  philosophy. 

Phi-los'o-phlze,  v.  t.  To  rea- 
son like  a  philosopher. 

Phi-16s'o-phy,  n.  Knowledge 
of  phenomena,  as  explained 
by,  and  resolved  into,  causes 
and  reasons,  powers  and 
laws. 

Phil'ter,  n.  A  potion  to  ex- 
cite love. 

Phiz.  n.     The  face  ;  visage. 

Phle-bot'o-mist,  n.  One  who 
lets  blood  with  a  lancet. 

Phle-bot'o-my,  n.  Act  or  art 
of  opening  a  vein. 

Phlegm  (Hem ),  n.  Cold  ani- 
mal fluid ;  mucus  ;  sluggish- 
ness; coldness;  dullness. 

Phleg-mat'i-e,  a.   Abounding 

I      with  phlegm ;  cold ;  dull. 

i  Phoe'nix,  n.     See  Phenix. 

j  Pho-net'i€,  a.  Relating  to 
the  representation  of  sounds 

I      by  characters. 
Phe'nix,  n.   A  fabulous  bird,  ]  Pho-net'i«s,  >?.  sing-  Science 
thought  to  exist  single,  and  j      of  the  sounds  of  the  human 
to  rise  again  from  it3  own  ;      voice ;  phonology, 
ashes.  j  Pho-nog'ra-phy/n.    A  rep- 

Phe-nSm'e-non,  n.  {pi.  Phe-  resentation  of  sounds,  each 
nSm'e-na.)  An  appearance ;  |  by  its  distinctive  character, 
any  thing  remarkable.  I  Pho-n61'o-gy,  n.  The  science 

Phi'al,  n.    A  glass  vessel.         |     of  vocal  elementary  sounds. 


PETTICOAT 

Pet'ti-eoat,  n.  A  woman's 
under  garment.        [lawyer. 

Pet'ti-fdg'ger,   ».      A  petty 

Pet'ti-£6g/g3r-y,  n.  Mean 
business  of  a  lawyer. 

Pct'tish,a.  Fretful ;  peevish. 

Pet'ti-toe§,  n.  pi.  The  toes 
or  feet  of  a  pig. 

P5t'ty,a.   Small;  trifling. 

Pot'u-laiiQe,  n.    Peevishness. 

Pet'u-lant,  a.  Peevish  ;  fret- 
ful ;  irritable. 

Pew  (pu),  n.  An  inclosed  seat 
in  a  church. 

Pe'wit,  n.     A  bird. 

Pew'ter,  n.  A  compound  of 
tin  and  lead. 

Pha'e-ton,  n.  An  open  four- 
wheeled  carriage. 

Phal'anx,  n.  A  compact 
body  of  soldiers. 

Phal'an-ster'y,  n.  The  resi- 
dence or  the  common  stock 
of  a  community  of  Fourier- 
ites;  the  community  itself. 

Phan'ta§m,  n.  Mental  image 
of  a  real  or  of  an  imaginary  j 
object;  an  optical  illusion.    I 

Phan-tas/ma-go'ri-a,  n.  Il- 
lusive images. 

Phan'tom,  n.  An  apparition. 

Phar'a-sa/i-e,      la.  Like  the 

Phar'a-sli've-al,  j  Pharisees ; 
formal.  [in  religion. 

Phar'i-sa-i§m,  n.   Hypocrisy 

Phar'i-see,  n.  One  of  a  Jew- 
ish sect  strict  in  the  exter- 
nals of  religion. 

Phar'ma-Qeuti-e,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  pharmacy. 

Phar'ma-Qy,  n.  Preparation 
of  medicines. 

Pha'ros,  n.     A  light-house. 

Phar'ynx,  n.  Cavity  above 
the  windpipe,andinto  which 
the  nose  and  mouth  open. 

Phase  (8),  n.     Appearance. 

Pheas/ant,  n.  A  gallina- 
ceous bird  found  wild  in 
Eucope 


PHYSIOLOGIST 

PhSs'pho-rSs'genge,  n.  A 
faint  light  without  heat. 

Ph6s/pho-res'c,ent,  a.  Shin- 
ing without  heat. 

Phos-ph6r'i€,  a.  Obtained 
from  phosphorus. 

Ph6s'pho-rus,  n.  A  com- 
bustible substance  exhibit- 
ing a  faint  light  in  the 
dark. 

Pho'to-graph,  n.  A  picture 
obtained  by  the  action  of 
light  on  chemically  prepared 
surfaces. 

Pho-t6g'ra-phy,  n.  Art  of 
producing  pit  tures  on  chem- 
ically prepared  paper  by  the 
agency  of  light. 

Phrage,  n.  A  sentence  ;  mode 
of  speech  ;  style  ;  diction. 
—  r.  t.     To  name  or  style. 

Phra/§e-61'o-gy,  n.  Manner 
of  expression. 

Phre-n61'o-gist,  n.  One 
versed  in  phrenology. 

Phre-n6I'o-gy,  n.  Science  of 
the  special  functions  of  the 
parts  of  the  brain. 

Phren'gy,  n.    Madness. 

Phlhls/i€  (tiz'ik),  n.  Habit- 
ual difficulty  of  breathing. 

Phthis/i€-al  ( tiz'ik-),  a. 
Breathing  hard. 

Phthl'sis  (tbT'sis),  n.  A  con- 
sumption of  the  lungs. 

Phy-la-e'ter-y,  n.  A  parch- 
ment with  a  passage  of 
Scripture  written  on  it. 

Phys/ie  (5),  n.  The  art  of 
healing ;  medicine.  —  r.  t. 
To  evacuate  the  bowels  of. 

Phys'i-e-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
nature ;  external ;  corporeal. 

Phy-sl'cian  (-zish'an),  n. 
One  who  practices  phytic ; 
a  doctor  of  medicine. 

Phys'i-es,  n.  sing.  Science  of 
nature  or  natural  objects. 

Phys/i-6g'no-mist,  n.  One 
skilled  in  physiognomy. 

Phys'i-og'no-my,  n.  The  art 
of  discerning  the  character 
of  the  mincrfrom  the  face. 

Phys/i-o-log'i-e,       1  a.    Per- 

Phys/i-o-16g'i-e-al,  j  taining 
to  physiology. 

I  Phys/i-61'o-gist,  n.   One  who 

j      is  versed  in  physiology. 


eon,  6r,  do,  W9lf,  to~o,  tot>k  ;  flrn,  rye,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  o  as  ng ;  this. 


PHYSIOLOGY 

Phys'i-61'o-gy,  n.  The  sci- 
ence of  living  beings. 

P'i-a/no-for'te,  n.  A  musical 
keyed  instrument.       [walk. 

Pi-az'za  (18),  ft.     A  covered 

Pi'-ea,  ft.  A  printing  type  of 
which) 

there  are        DlCa  and 
two  sizes,  f-  11 

called  re-    Small  pica. 
spectively  J 

Pick,  v.  t.  To  choose  ;  to 
gather;  to  open.  —  ft.  A 
sharp-pointed  tool. 

Pick'ax,    I  ».      An  ax  that 

Pick'axe,  i      has  a  point. 

Pick'ed,  a.    Pointed  ;  sharp. 

Plck'et,  ft.  A  sharpened 
stake ;  a  guard  in  front  of  an 
army.  —  v.  t.  To  fortify  with 
pickets ;  to  fasten  to  a  picket. 

PIck'le  (pik'l),  ft.  Urine  ; 
thing  pickled.  —  v.  t.  To 
preserve  in  brine. 

Pick'p6ck-et,  n.  One  who 
steals  from  another's  pocket,  j 

Pl-e'ni-e,  ft.  A  pleasure  party  ' 
in  which  each  one  furnishes 
refreshment. 

Pie-to'ri-aha.  Pertaining  to, 
or  illustrated  by,  pictures. 

Pi€t'ure,  n.  A  likeness  in 
colors ;  any  kind  of  drawing. 
—  v.  t.  To  draw  or  paint  a 
resemblance  of ;  to  repre- 
sent. 

Piet'ur-gsque',  a.  Fitted  to 
form  a  pleasing  picture. 

Pie,  n.  Paste  baked  with 
something  in  it,  or  under  it. 

Ple'bald,  a.  Of  various  colors. 

Piege,  ft.  A  part ;  a  patch  ; 
a  fragment.  —  v.  t.  To 
mend  by  the  addition  of  a 
piece ;  to  patch. 

Piege'meal,  a.  Single.—  adv. 
In  or  by  pieces  or  parts. 

Pled(pTd),  a.  Party-colored. 

Pier,n.  Support  of  anarch  ;  a 
mound ;  a  mole. 

Pier'-glass,  n.  A  glass  be- 
tween windows. 

Pierce,  v.  t.  To  penetrate. 

PierQ'ing,  a.  Keen  ;  sharp. 

Pi'e-tism,  ft.  Strict. devotion. 

Pi'e-ty,  ft.  Veneration  with 
love  of  God;  filial  duty. 

Pig,  n.   A  young  swine ;  mass 


196 

of  metal,  as  extracted  from 
the  ore. — v.  i.  To  bring 
forth  pigs  ;  to  lie  together 
like  pigs. 

Pig'eon  (pij'un),  n.  A  bird 
of  several  species. 

Pig'eon-hole  (pij'un-),  n.  A 
little  compartment  for  pa- 
pers. 

Pig'ment,  n.  A  colored  sub- 
stance for  painting ;  paint. 

Pig'my,  n.    See  Pygmy. 

Pike,  ft.  A  lance ;  a  spear ;  a 
kind  of  fresh-water  fish. 

Pik'ed,  a.  Ending  in  a  point. 

Pi-las'ter,  n.  A 
square  column. 

Pil'chard,  n.  A 
fish  resembling 
the  herring. 

Pile,  n.  A  heap  ; 
an  edifice  ;  a  piece 
of  timber  driven  Pilaster. 
into  ground.  —  v.  t.  To 
heap  ;  to  accumulate. 

Piles,  ft.  pi.  A  disease. 

Pil'fer,  v.  t.  To  steal  in  a 
petty  way  ;  to  filch. 

Pil'grim,  ».  A  traveler  to 
holy  places  ;  a  wanderer. 

Pil'grim-age,  n.  A  journey- 
to  a  place  deemed  sacred. 

Pill  (1),  ft.  A  medicine  in 
form  of  a  small  ball. 

Pil'lage,  ft.  That  which  is 
taken  by  open  force. —  Syn.  i 
Plunder;  spoil.— ■*.  t.  To  j 
plunder ;  to  strip. 

Pil'lar,  n.  A  column ;  a  pier  ; 
a  prop. 

Pill'ion,  ft.  A  cushion  at- 
tached to  the  hinder  part  of 
a  saddle  for  riding  on . 

Pii'lo-ry,  n.  A  frame  to  con- 
fine criminals  by  the  head 
and  hands. 

Pil'low,  ft.  A  cushion  for  the  ! 
head. — v.t.  To  rest  on  a 
pillow. 

Pll'low-easc,  n.  A  cloth 
cover  for  a  pillar. 

Pi'lot,  n.  One  who  steers  a  ! 
ship;  a  guide. — v.  t.  To 
steer ;  to  guide. 

Pi'lot- age,  n.  The  pay  or  I 
office  of  a  pilot.  [curer.  ■ 

Pimp,  n.     A  pander  ;  a  pro-  J 

Pim'per-nel,  n.  A  plant. 


PIPPIN 

Pim'ple,  n.     A  small  pointed 

elevation  on  the  skin. 
Pim'pled,  a.  Having  pimples 

on  the  skin. 
Pin,  n.  A  pointed  instrument 

for  fastening  clothes,  &c- — 

v.  t.  (7)  To  fasten  with  apin. 
Pin'a-fore',  n.      A  kind  of 

apron ;  a  tire. 
Pinch,  v.  t.     To  squeeze,  as 

with  the  ends  of  the  fingers. 

—  ».  A  squeezing  or  gripe. 
Pinch'beck,    n.      A   yellow 

mixture  of  copper  and  zinc. 
Pin'Qerg,  I  n.  pi.  A  tool  for 
Pinch'er§,  J  drawing  nails. 
Pin'-eush-ion,  n.      A  small 

cushion  for  pins. 
Pine,  n.      An  evergreen  tree 

or  its   wood.  —  v.    i.      To 

languish. 
PIne'-ap'ple,   ».       A  fruit 

which  resembles  the  cone  of 

a  pine-tree. 
Pin'-feath/er,   n.     A  small 

or  short  feather. 
Pin'fold,  n.  A  place  in  which 

to  confine  beasts. 
Pin'ion(-yun),  n.    A  quill  ;  a 

wing ;    tooth    of  a    wheel ; 

shackles. — v.t.      To  bind 

the  wings  or  arms  of. 
Pink,  n.     A  flower;  a  small 

eye;  a  reddish  color.  —  v.  t. 

To  work  with  eyelet-holes. 
Pin'-mon'ey,  n.       A  wife's 

pocket-money.  [a  boat. 

Pin'nage,  n.  A  small  vessel ; 
Pin'na-ele,  n.  A  turret ;  sum- 
mit ;  a  high  point.  [gills. 
Pint,  ft.  Haifa  quart ;  four 
Pin'tle,  n .  A  little  pin  ;  a  long 

iron  bolt.  [pines. 

Pin'y,  a.      Abounding  with 
PPo-neer',  n.    One  who  goes 

before  to  clear  the  way  ;  a 

fir.-t  settler.  [a  peony. 

Pi'o-ny ,  -n.  A  perennial  plant ; 
Pi'oiis,  a.  Religious  ;  godly. 
Pip,  v.  i.  To  chirp.  — ft.  The 

seed   of  an   apple,  orange, 

&c. ;  a  disease  of  fowls. 
Pipe,  ft.     A   tube,  especially 

one  for  smoking  ;  a  cask.  — 

v.  To  play  on  a  pipe. 
Pip'kin,  n.   A  small  earthen 

boiler.  [pie. 

Pip'pin,  ft.    A  species  of  ap- 


,5,  w, y,  long ;  a,  e, I,  6, 0,  y,  short ;  cure, car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term ; pi'que,  firm ; 


PIQUANCY 

Piq'uan-gy  (-an-),  n.  Sharp- 
ness; severity. 

Piq'uant  (pik'ant),  a.  Prick- 
ing ;  pungent ;  severe  ;  tart. 

Pique  (peek),  n.  A  feeling  of 
resentment. — Syn.  Spite; 
grudge. — v.  t.  To  irritate  ; 
to  nettle  ;  to  stimulate. 

Pi-quet'  (-kef),  h.  A  game  at 
cards. 

Pi'ra-Qy,  n.  Robbery  on  the 
seas ;  literary  theft. 

Pi'rate,  n.  One  who  robs 
on  the  seas. — v.  t.  To  pub- 
lish without  permission,  as 
books  or  writings. 

PI-rat'i€-al,  a.  Practicing 
robbery  on  the  sea. 

Pis'-ea-to'ri-al,  I  a.    Relating 

Pis'-ea-to-ry,  )  to  fishing 
or  fishes.  [contempt. 

Pish,     inter j.    expressive     of 

Pis/mire,  n.   The  ant. 

Pis-ta'Qhid,  n.  Nut  of  a  kind 
of  turpentine-tree.         [coin. 

PIs'ta-reen',  n.  A  small  silver 

PIs'til,  n.  An  organ  in  a  flow- 
er, inclosing  the  seed. 

Pis'tol,  n.  The  smallest  of 
fire-arms. 

Pis-tole',  n.  A  gold  coin  of 
Spain,  worth  about  S3.6J. 

PIs'ton,  n.  A  short  solid 
cylinder  fitted  to  a  hollow 
one  within  which  it  moves. 

Pit,  n.  A  deep  hole ;  the  stone 
of  certain  fruits.  — v.  t.  To 
sink  in  hollows. 

Pitch,  n.  A  black,  sticky  sub- 
stance obtained  from  tar  ; 
point ;  descent  ;  degree  of 
elevation  of  the  voice,  of  an 
instrument,  &c.  —  v.  t.  To 
smear  with  pitch  ;  to  fix 
firmly  ;  to  toss  ;  to  set  the 
tone  of.  —  v.  i.  To  rise  and 
fall,  as  a  ship  on  the  waves. 

Pitch'er,  n.  A  vessel  with  a 
spout.  [throw  hav,  &c. 

Pitch'fork,  n.        A  fork    to 

Pltch'-pipe,  n.  An  instru- 
ment to  give  the  key-note. 

Pitch'y,  a.  Like  pitch  ; 
sticky ;  black  ;  dismal. 

Pit'e-oiis,  a.  Capable  of  ex- 
citing pity ;  sorrowful. 

Pit'fail,  n.  A  pit  slightly 
covered,  as  a  trap. 


197 

Pith,  n.  The  soft  substance 
in  plants ;  strength  or  force. 

Pith'y ,  a.  Consisting  of  pith  ; 
energetic  ;  forcible.       [pity. 

Pit'i-a-ble,    a.         Deserving 

Plt'i-ful  (13),  a.  Compassion- 
ate ;  base  ;  mean  ;  paltry. 

Pit'i-ful-ly,  adv.  In  a  pitiful 
manner;  contemptibly. 

Pit'i-less,  a.  Void  of  pity. 

Pit'man  (21),  n.  One  who 
works  in  a  pit. 

Pit'saw,  n.  A  large  saw  to  be 
used  by  two  men. 

Pit'tance,  n.  A  small  allow- 
ance ;    a  mere  trifle. 

Pi-tu'i-toiis,    I  a.   Consisting 

Pi-tu'i-ta-ry,  j     of  mucus. 

Pit'y,  n.  Sympathy  for  an- 
other's distresses.  —  Syn. 
Sympathy  ;  compassion.  — 
v.  t.  To  have  sympathy  for. 

Piv'ot,  n.  A  pin  on  which 
any  thing  turns. 

PlaZ-ea-bil'i-ty,  n.  Willing- 
ness to  forgive.  [give. 

Pla'ea-ble,  a.  Willing  to  for- 

Pia-€ard',  n.  A  printed  paper 
posted  in  a  public  place.  — 
v.  t.   To  notify  publicly. 

Plage,  n.  A  portion  of  space  ; 
locality  ;  rank  ;  office  ; 
room  ;  residence.  —  v.  t. 
To  fix  ;  to  locate  ;  to  settle. 

Place'man  (21),  n.  One  hold- 
ing an  office  under  govern- 
ment. 

Plac/id,  a.  Pleased  ;  con- 
tented ;  calm  ;  quiet ;  mild. 

Pla-<jid'i-ty,    1  n.  Calmness  ; 

Plac/id-ness,  ]  mildness ;  un- 
ruffled state,  [theft;  piracy. 

Pla'gia-ri§m,    n.      Literary 

Pla'gia-rist,  1  n.     One   who 

Pla'gia-ry,  J  purloins  the 
writings  of  another. 

Pla'gia-rize,  v.  i.  To  be 
guilty  of  literary  theft. 

Plague,  n.  A  contagious  dis- 
ease; vexation. — v.  t.  To 
trouble  ;  to  vex. 

Plagu'y  (plag'y),  a.  Vexa- 
tious, [flounder. 

Plaiqe,  n.  A  fish  allied  to  the 

Plaid,  n.    A  variegated  stuff. 

Plain,  a.  Flat ;  level ;  frank  ; 
clear  ;  evident  ;  homely.  — 
n.  A  level  ground. 


PLASTICITY 

Plain'ly,  adv.  In  a  plain 
manner  ;  sincerely  ;  clearly. 

Plain'ness,  n.  State  of  being 
plain.  [eutation. 

Plaint,  n.  A  complaint;  1am- 

Plaint'iff,  n.  One  who  coin: 
mences  a  lawsuit. 

Plaint 'ive,  a.  Mournful. 

Plait,  n.     A  fold,  as  of  cloth. 

—  v.  t.  To  fold;  to  braid. 
Plan,  n.     Any  thing  devised  ; 

a  scheme  ;  model.  —  v.  t. 
(7)  To  scheme ;  to  contrive 
in  thought ;  to  devise. 

Plane,  ft.  A  level  surface  ;  a 
joiner's  tool.  —  v.  t.  To 
smooth  with  a  plane. 

Plan'et,  n.  A  celestial  body 
revolving  about  another. 

Plan'et-a-ry,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  consisting  of,  planets. 

Plane'-tree,  n.  An  oriental 
tree ;  also,  a  North  Ameri- 
can tree,  often  called  button- 
wood,  [smooth. 

Plan'ish,    v.    t.      To    make 

Plank,  n.  A  piece  of  sawed 
timber  thicker  than  a  board. 

—  v.  t.  To  cover  with  planks. 
Plant,   n.     An  organic  body 

without  sensation  or  volun- 
tary motion  ;  any  vegetable 
production.  —  v.  t.  To  set 
in  the  earth  ;  to  settle. 

Plant'ain,  n.  A  West  India 
tree  and  its  fruit ;  an  herb. 

Plan-ta'tion,  n.  A  place 
planted  with  trees  ;  a  colony; 
a  large  cultivated  estate. 

Piant'er.  n.  The  owner  of  a 
plantation. 

Plan'ti-grade,n.  An  animal 
that  walks  on  the  sole  of 
the  foot,  as  the  bear. 

Plash,  n.    A  puddle  of  water. 

—  v.  t.  To  dash,  as  water  ; 
to  splash. 

Plas'ter.  n.  A  composition  of 
lime,  sand,  and  water  ;  an 
adhesive  salve. — v.  t.  (8) 
To  cover  with  plaster. 

Plas'ter-ing,  n.  A  covering 
of  plaster;  plaster-work. 

Plas'ti-e,  a.  Giving  form  ;  ca- 
pable of  being  formed,  mold- 
ed, or  modeled. 

Plas-tic/i-ty.n.  Quality  of  be- 
ing plastic. 


6<Sn,  or,  dp,,  -wolf,  t<Jb,  tdbk  ;   urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard;  as. ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


PLAT 


198 


PLUME 


Plat,  v.  t.  To  interweave.  — 
n.  A  level  piece  of  ground. 

Plate,  n.  A  flat  piece  of  metal ; 
wrought  silver  ;  a  shallow 
vessel ;  a  casting  from  type. 

—  v.  t.  To  coat  with  metal. 
Plat'ed,  p.  a.     Overlaid  with 

another  metal,  esp.  silver. 

Pla-teau'  (pla-to',  18),  n.  A 
flat,  broad,  and  elevated 
area  of  land.        [fill  a  plate. 

Plate'ful  (26),  n.    Euough  to 

Plat'en,  n.  The  flat  part  of  a 
printing-press. 

Plat'form,  n.  Floor  of  boards 
or  planks  ;  a  terrace  ;  a  dec- 
laration of  principles. 

Plat'i-num,  or  Pla-tl'num, 
n.  A  very  heavy  metal  re- 
sembling silver. 

Plat'i-tude,  n.  Insipidity  ;  a 
weak  or  empty  remark. 

Pla-t6n'i€,  o.  Relating  to 
Plato ;  intellectually  refined. 

Pla'to-nism,  n.  The  philos- 
ophy of  Plato.  [Plato. 

Pla'tq-nist,  n.    A  follower  of 

Pla-tobn',  n.  Half  of  a  com- 
pany of  soldiers.  [dish. 

Plat'ter,  n.     A  broad  shallow 

Plau'dit,  n.  Expression  of 
applause  ;  praise  bestowed. 

Plau'si-bil'i-ty,  n.  Specious- 
hess";  appearance  of  right. 

Plau'si-ble,  a.  Superficially 
pleasing;  apparently  right. 

—  Syn.  Specious.  [show. 
Plau'§i-bly,  adv.  "With  fair 
Play,  v.  i.  To  sport ;  to  con- 
tend in  a  game  ;  to  act.  — 
v.  t.  To  put  in  action  ;  to 
perform.  —  n.  Sport ;  rec- 
reation ;  game  ;  a  drama. 

Play '-bill,  n.  Advertisement 
of  a  play. 

Play'er,  n.     One  who  plays. 

Play'fel-ldw,  n.  A  companion 
in  play. 

Play'ful,  a.  Given  to,  or  full 
of,  play  ;  sportive. 

Play'-house,  n.  A  theater. 

Play'mate,  n.    A  playfellow. 

Play'thing,  n.  A  toy. 

Plea  (18),  n.  What  is  ad- 
vanced in  support  of  a 
cause ;  an  excuse. 

Plead,  v.  i.  To  urge ;  to  sup- 
plicate earnestly ;  to  argue. 


Plead'ing,  n.    Allegation.    _ 

Pleas'ant,  a.  Giving  pleas- 
ure ;  pleasing;  gratifying; 
delightful ;  gay. 

Pleas'ant-ry,  n.  Cheerful- 
ness ;  sprightly  talk  ;  liveli- 
ness; gayety  ;  merriment. 

Please,  v.  I.  To  give  pleas- 
ure*; to  make  glad. — v.  i. 
To  choose  ;  to  like. 

Pleas'ing,  a.  Giving  pleasure. 

Pleas'ur-a-ble(plezh/ur-),  a. 
Giving  pleasure  ;  pleasing. 

Pleas'ure  (plezh/ur),n.  Grat- 
ification ;  delight. 

Ple-be'ian  (-bS'yan),  a.  Vul- 
gar ;  common.  —  n.  One  of 
the  common  people. 

Pledge,  n.  A  pawn;  deposit 
given  as  a  security.  —  v.  t. 
To  give  as  security.       [lint. 

Pledg'et,  n.    A  small  tent  of 

Ple'ia-de§  (-ya-),  I  it.  pi.     A 

Ple'iadg  (-yadz),  J  cluster  of 
seven  stars  in  the  constella- 
tion Taurus. 

Ple'na-ry,  a.  Full ;  complete. 

Ple-nip'o-tenge,  n.  Fullness 
of  power.  [power. 

Ple-nip'o-tent,  a.      Of  full 

Plen'i-po-ten'ti-a-ry  (-shT- 
a-),  ft.  One  having  full  pow- 
er to  transact  any  business ; 
an  envoy. 

Plen'i-tude,  n.  Fullness. 

Plen'te-ous,  a.  Abundant. 

Plen'ti-ful,  a.  Affording  am- 
ple supply ;  copious. 

Plen/ty,  n.  Adequate  supply  ; 
abundance.  [of  words. 

Ple'o-nasm,  n.    Redundancy 

Ple'o-nas'tie,  a.  Redundant. 

Pleth'o-ra,  ft.  Fullness  or 
excess  of  blood  ;  repletion  ; 
over  fullness  of  any  kind. 

Ple-th6r'i€,  or  Pleth'o-ri€, 
a.  Having  a  full  habit  of 
body ;  evincing  plethora. 

Pleu'ra,  n.  Membrane  that 
covers  the  inside  of  the  tho- 
rax, and  invests  the  lungs. 

Pleu'ri-sy,  n.  Inflammation 
of  the  pleura. 

Pleu'ro-pneu-mo'ni-a  (-nu- ) 
n.  Inflammatory  disease  of 
the  pleura  and  lungs. 

Plex'i-form,  a.  Like  net- 
work ;  complicated. 


PH'a-bil'i-ty,  n.  The  quality 
of  yielding;  flexibleness. 

Ph'a-ble,  a.  Easily  yielding 
to  pressure;  flexible. 

PlI'an-Qy,  n.  Easiness  to  bo 
bent ;  flexibility.  [bent. 

Pll'ant,  a.     Flexible  ;    easily 

Pli'ers,  it.  pi.  An  instrument 
to  bend  small  things. 

Plight  (plit),  f.  t.  To  pledge, 
as  the  hand,  faith,  or  hon- 
or. —  n.  Pledge ;  security  ; 
gage  ;  condition  ;  state. 

Plinth,  n.  The  square  mem- 
ber at  the  base  of  a  column. 

Plod,  v.  i.  To  travel  steadily 
and  laboriously  ;  to  drudge. 

Plot,  n.  A  stratagem;  a  con- 
spiracy ;  a  scheme ;  a  plot. 
—  v.  t.    To  plan  ;  to  project. 

P16t'ter,  n.  One  who  plots ;  a 
schemer.  [aquatic  bird. 

Plov'er  (pluVer),    n.        An 

Plow,      )  n.     An  instrument 

Plough,  )  to  turn  and  break 
the  soil. — v.  t.  To  trench 
and  turn  up,  as  the  ground. 

Plow'man       I  (21),  n.    One 

Plough'man  )  who  plows, 
or  holds  a  plow. 

Plow'share,      )  n.   The  iron 

Plough'share,  J     of  a  plow. 

Pluck,  v.  t.  To  pull  with 
sudden  force ;  to  snatch.  — 
n.  The  heart,  liver,  and 
lights  of  an  animal ;  spirit ; 
courage  ;  perseverance. 

Plug,  n.  Stopper  of  a  hole 
in  a  vessel  or  cask.  — v.  t. 
To  stop  with  a  plug. 

Plum,  n.  A  tree  and  its  fruit ; 
.£100,000.  [of  a  bird. 

Plu'mage  (11),  n.     Feathers 

Plumb  (pltim),  n.  A  leaden 
weight  on  a  line.  —  a.  Per- 
pendicular.—  r.  t.  To  ad- 
just by  a  plumb  line. 

Plum-ba'go,  n.  A  mineral 
consisting  of  carbon  :  black 
lend.       [who  works  in  lead. 

Plumb'er  (plttm'er),  n.    One 

Plumb'-line  (plum'-),  n.  A 
line  perpendicular  to  the 
horizon :  a  plummet. 

Plum'-cake,  n.  Cake  con- 
taining raisins,  &c. 

Plume,  n.  A  feather ;  token 
of  honor;  pride.  —  v.  t.  To 


5, 5, 1,  5,  u,  y,  long;  a,  e,  1, 6,  u, y, short;  care, car,  ask,  all, wh^t ;  Gre,  ve.il,  term ;  pique,  i'lrm  ; 


PLUMMET 


199 


POLL 


adjust  the  feathers  of ;    to  I 
pride ;  to  value. 

Plum'met,  n.  A  piece  of  lead 
attached  to  a  line  for  sound-  | 
ing  the  depth  of  water,  &c. 

Plump,  a.    Fat ;  sleek  ;  full ; 
round. — v.   t.     To  fatten;! 
to  swell.  — adv.  At  once,  or 
with  a  sudden  fall. 

Plump'ly,  adv.  Fully  ;  with- 
out reserve. 

Piump'ness,  n.  Fatness  ;  full- 
ness of  skin;  distention. 

Plum'-pud'ding,  ft.  A  pud- 
ding with  raisins  or  cur- 
rant-! in  it. 

Plun'der,  v.  t.  To  take  by 
pillage  or  open  force.  —  SYN. 
To  pillage ;  sack  ;  rifle.  — n. 
Spoil  taken  by  open  force. 

Plunge,  v.  t.  To  put  sud- 
denly into  water;  to  im- 
merse in  a  fluid.  — v.  i.  To 
dive.  —  n.    Act  of  plunging. 

Plu'raU  a.  Consisting  of,  or 
expressing,  more  than  one. 

Plu'ral-ist,  n.  A  clergyman 
who  holds  several  benefices. 

Plu-ral'i-ty,  n.  A  number 
greater  than  any  other,  but 
less  than  half  the  aggre- 
gate. 

Plu'ral-ly,  adv.  In  a  sense 
that  implies  more  than  one. 

Plus,  this  sign  +,  noting  ad- 
dition. 

Plush,  n.     A  shaggy  cloth. 

Plu'vi-al,  a.    Rainy  ;  wet. 

Ply,  v.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  and  p.  p. 
plied]  To  work  at  closely. 

Pneu-mat'ie  (nu-),  a.  Con- 
sisting of  air. 

Pneu-mat'ies  (nu-),  n.  sing. 
Science  that  treats  of  the 
mechanical  properties  of  air 
and  other  elastic  fluids. 

Pneu'ma-t61'o-gy  (nu'-),  n. 
The  doctrine  of,  or  a  treatise 
on,  spiritual  existences. 

Pneu-mo'ni-a  (nu-),  n.  In- 
flammation of  the  lungs. 

Pneu-m6n'ie  (nu-),  a.  Per- 
taining to  the  lungs. 

Pneu'mo-ni'tis  (nu'-),  n.  In- 
flammation of  the  lungs. 

Pdach,  v.  t.  To  boil  slightly  ; 
to  steal,  as  game.  — v.  i.  To 
steal  or  pocket  game 


Poach'er,  n.  One  who  poach- 
es ;  a  stealer  of  game. 

Pock  (5).  n.  A  pustule  on 
the  skin  in  small  pox,  &c. 

Pdck'et,  n.  A  small  bag  or 
pouch.  —  v.  t.  To  put  in 
the  pocket. 

Poek'et-bdbk,  nr  A  book  to 
be  carried  in  the  pocket. 

Pock'y,  a.  Full  of  pocks  or 
pustules. 

Pod,  n.     Capsule  ;  seed-case. 

—  v.  i.     To  grow,  as  pods. 
Po'em,  n.    A  composition  in 

verse.  [ems. 

P6'e-sy,  n.  Art  of  writing  po- 

Po'et,  n.  One  who  writes  po- 
etry ;  a  bard. 

Po'et-as'ter,  n.  A  pitiful 
versifier ;  a  rhymester. 

P6'et-ess,  ft.     A  female  poet. 

Po-et'i€,       )  a.       Pertaining 

Po-et'ie-al,  I      to  poetry. 

Po'et  Lau're-ate.  A  poet 
whose  office  is  to  compose 
poems  for  the  birthdays  of 
a  prince,  or  other  special  oc- 
casions. 

Pd'et-ry,  n.  Imaginative  com- 
position, usually  in  verse. 

P5h,  interj.  An  exclamation 
of  contempt  or  disgust. 

Poign'an-Qy  (poin'-),  n. 
Sharpness ;  point. 

Poign'ant  (pom'-),  a.  Sharp  ; 
satirical ;  severe  ;  painful. 

Point,  n.  A  sharp  end ;  a  stop ; 
a  cape ;  object ;  end ;  aim.  — 
v.  t.  To  sharpen  ;  to  aim  ; 
to  divide  by  stops.  —  v.  i. 
To  direct  the  finger  toward 
an  object ;  to  aim. 

Point'-blank,  adv.  Directly. 

Point'ed,  a.  Keen ;   satirical. 

Point'er,  n.  An  index  ;  a 
variety  of  dog.  [point. 

Point'less,    a.      Having    no 

Poise,  n.     Weight ;   balance. 

—  v.   t.      To    balance    for 
weighing. 

Poi'son(poi'zn),n.  Anything 
infectious  or  malignant.  — 
SYN.  Venom.  —  v.  t.  To 
infect  with  poison. 

Poi'son-ous,  a.  Having  the 
qualities  of  poison. 

Poke,  n.  A  pocket ;  a  sack  ; 
a  push  ;  a  machine  to  check 


unruly  beasts  from  leaping 
fences.  —  v.  t.  To  put  a 
poke  on  ;  to  thrust  against. 

P5k'er.  n.  An  iron  bar  for 
stirring  a  fire. 

Po'lar,  n.  Pertaining  to  the 
poles.  [the  pole. 

Po-lar'i-ty,  n.     Tendency  to 

Po'lar- i-za'tion,  n.  Act  of 
polarizing ;  polarity. 

Po'lar-Ize,  *.  t.  To  commu- 
nicate polarity  to. 

Pole,  n.  Extremity  of  an 
axis  ;  the  sky  :  a  long, 
slender  piece  of  wood  ;  a  rod 
or  perch.  — v.  t.  To  furnish 
with  poles ;  to  convey  on 
poles;  to  push  with  poles. 

Pole'-ax,    I  n.       A    hatchet 

Pole'-axe, )    fixed  on  a  pole. 

Pole'eat,  n.  An  ill-smelling 
animal  allied  to  the  weasel. 

Po-lem'ie,  n.    A  disputant. 

Po-lem'le,       )  a.  Controver- 

Po-lem'ie-al,  j     sial. 

Pole'-star,n.  A  star  vertical 
to  the  pole  of  the  earth. 

Po-lige'  (-leess'),  n.  Civil  offi- 
cers of  a  city  organized  to 
preserve  good  order. 

Pol'i-gy,  n.  Art  or  system  of 
government ;  prudence  ; 
contract  of  insurance. 

Poi'ish,  v.  t.  To  make 
smooth  ;  to  refine  in  man- 
ners. —  n.  Artificial  gloss  ; 
elegance  of  manners. 

Po-lite',a.  Polished ;  refined, 

Po-llte'ness,  n.  Good  breed- 
ing; courtesy. 

Pol'i-tie,  a.  Wise:  prudent. 

Po-lit'ie-al,  a.  Relating  to 
politics ;  public. 

Po-lit'i€-al-ly,  adv.  With 
reference  to  a  state  or  to 
politics. 

PSl'i-ti'cian  (-tish'an).  n. 
One  versed  in  politics. 

P61'i-ti-cs,  n.  sing.  The  sci- 
ence of  government. 

P6!'i-ty,  n.  Civil  constitu- 
tion ;  form  of  government. 

Pol'ka,  n.    A  kind  of  dance. 

Poll,  n.  The  head;  a  regis- 
ter of  persons  ;  election.  — 
r .  t.  To  lop  the  tops  of,  as 
trees  ;  to  clip  ;  to  register ,  as 
the  names  of  voters. 


son,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  took ;  Urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  e,  g,  hard ;  as.. ;  e^ist ;  n.  as  ng  ;  this. 


POLLARD 


200 


PORT 


PSl'lard,  n.     A  tree  lopped. 

Pol'len,  n.  The  fecundating 
dust  of  plants.       [cod  kind. 

Pol'lock,  n.      A  fish  of  the 

P611'-tax,  n.  A  tax  levied  by 
the  poll  or  head. 

Pol-lute',  v.  t.  To  make  foul 
or  unclean.  —  Svn.  To  de- 
file ;  contaminate  ;  corrupt. 

Pol-lu'tion,  n.     Defilement. 

Pol-trdbn',  n.  An  arrant 
coward ;  a  dastard. 

Pol-trdbn'er-y,  n.  Cowardice. 

Pol' y-an' thus,  n.  Au  orna- 
mental plant. 

Po-lyg'a-mist,  n.  One  who 
advocates  polygamy. 

Po-lyg'a-my,  n:  Plurality  of 
wives  at  the  same  time. 

P61'y-glot,  n.  A  book  con- 
taining many  languages.  — 
a.  Pertaining  to,  or  con- 
taining, several  languages. 

P61'y-gon,  n.  A  figure  of 
many  angles  and  sides. 

COO 

Polygons. 

Po-lyg'o-nal,  a.  Having 
many  angles. 

P6i'y-graph,  n.  An  instru- 
ment to  multiply  copies  of 
a  writing  with  expedition. 

PoPy-he'dron,  n.  A  body 
having  many  sides. 

Pol'y-no'mi-al,  a.  Contain- 
ing many  terms. 

PSl'yp,  n.  An  aquatic  ani- 
mal of  the  radiato  kind. 

Pol'y-pus,  n.  Something  that 
has  many  feet  or  root3 ;  a 
tumor. 

P61'y-s-e6pe,  n.  A  glass  that 
makes  a  single  object  appear 
as  many. 

PSl'y-syl-lab'ie,      1  a.  Ilav- 

PoPy-syl-lab'ie-al,  J  ing 
many  syllablos. 

PSI/y-syi'la-ble,  n.  A  word 
of  more  syllables  than  three. 

PSVy-tech/nH!  (-tOk'nik),  a. 
Comprehending  many  arts. 

PSl'y-the'i'sm,  n.  The  doc- 
trine of  a"plurality  of  gods. 

PSl'y-the'ist,  n.  One  who  be- 
lieves in  a  plurality  of  gods. 


PSPy-the-ist'i-e,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  polytheism. 

Pom'ace,  n.  Substance  of 
apples  crushed.  [ment. 

Po-made',  n.  Perfumed  oint- 

Po-ma'tum,  n.  An  unguent 
for  the  hair. 

Pome-gran'ate,  n.  A  tree 
and  its  fruit. 

Pom'melQnim'-),"-  A  knob 
or  ball ;  a  protuberance.  — 
V.  t.  (8)  To  beat;  to  thump. 

Pom-mel'ion  (-mcel'yuu),  n. 
The  knob  of  a  cannon. 

Po-m61'o-gist,  n.  One  inter- 
ested in  pomology. 

Po-mol'o-gy,  n.  The  art  of 
raising  fruit.  [rade. 

Pomp,  n.     Ostentation  ;  pa- 

Pom-p6s'i-ty,  n.  Ostenta- 
tion ;  exterior  show  ;  parade. 

Pomp'ous,  a.  Showy  with 
grandeur ;  ostentatious. 

Pond,  n.  A  body  of  fresh 
standing  water. 

Pon'der,  v.  t.  To  think  upon 
deliberately.  —  Svn.  To 
consider;  muse;  weigh. 

P6n'der-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  weighed.         [gravity. 

Pon'der-os'i-ty,  n.    Weight ; 

P6n'der-ous,a.  Heavy ;  mas- 
sy, [of  India  silk. 

Pon-gee',  n.  An  inferior  kind 

Pon'iard  (-yard),  n.  A  small 
dagger.  —  r.  t.    To  stab. 

Pon'tiff,  n.  A  high  priest ; 
the  pope. 

Pon-tif'ic       )  (9),  a.  Belong- 

Pon-tif 'i-e-al  j  i  ng  to  a  high- 
priest,  or  to  the  pope. 

Pon-tK'i-e-al,  n.    A  book  of 
rites  and  forms ;  (pi. )  the  full  j 
dress  of  a  pontiff  or  bishop. 

Pon-tif'i€-ate(9),  n.  Office  or 
reign  of  a  pontiif. 

Pon-tdbn',  n.  A  boat  used  by 
armies  for  making  bridges. 

Po'ny  (19),  ».    A  small  horse. 

Po~o'dle,«.    A  lap-dog. 

Pool,  n.     A  small  pond. 

Pdbp,  3i.  A  deck  above  the 
after-part  of  the  spar-deck. 

Poor,  a.  Needy;  indigent; 
necessitous  ;  lean  ;  meager ; 
mean  ;  unfertile. 

Pdbr'ly,  a.  Somewhat  ill.  — 
adv.   Without  wealth  ;  with 


poor  success  ;  meanly ;  with- 
out spirit. 

P6p,  n.  A  small,  smart,  quick 
sound.  —  «.  i.  or  t.  To  dart 
suddenly  ;  to  offer  suddenly. 

Pope,  n.  The  head  of  the 
Roman  Catholic  church. 

Pope'dom,  n.  The  dignity 
or  jurisdiction  of  the  pope. 

P6p'er-y,  n.  The  Roman 
Catholic  religion. 

Pop'gun,  n.  A  child's  air- 
gun  for  shooting  pellets. 

Pop'in-jay ,  n.  A  parrot ;  a  fop. 

Pop'lar,  n.     A  genus  of  trees. 

Pop'lin,  v.  A  stuff  of  silk  or 
worsted  of  many  varieties. 

Pop'ish,  a.  Relating  to  the 
pope ;  papal. 

Pop'py  (19),  n.  A  soporific 
plant.  [people. 

Pop'u-lace,  n.    The  common 

Pop'u-lar,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  pleasing  to,  the  people ; 
prevailing ;  familiar,  [favor. 

Pop'u-lar'i-ty,    n.        Public 

Pop'u-late,  v.  t.  To  furnish 
with  inhabitants  ;  to  people. 

PSp'u-la'tion,  n.  The  whole 
people,  as  of  a  country. 

P6p'u-lous,  a.  Full  of  people. 

Por'ge-lam,  n.  A  fine  translu- 
cent species  of  earthen  ware. 

Porch,  n.  An  entrance  to  a 
building ;  portico,      [swine. 

Por'clne,   a.      Pertaining  to 

Por'ou-plne,  n.  A  quadru- 
ped armed  with  prickles. 

Pore,  n.  An  orifice  in  the  skin. 
—  v.  i.     To  look  steadily. 

Pork,  n.     The  flesh  of  swine. 

Pork'er,  n.    A  young  hog. 

Po-ros'i-ty,  n.  The  quality 
of  having  pores. 

Po'rous,  a.    Having  pores. 

Por'phy-ry,  n.  A  hard  mot- 
tled kind  of  stone. 

Por'poise  (-pus),  n.  A  fish 
of  the  whale  kind. 

P6r'ridge,  n.  A  mixture  of 
meal  or  flour  and  water 
boiled  ;  vegetables  boiled  in 
water,  with  or  without  meat. 

P6r'rin-ger,  *.  A  small  metal 
vessel  for  warming  liquids 
in. 

Port,  n.  A  harbor;  a  gate; 
carriage  ;  a  wine. 


a,  5, 1,  o,  u,  y,  long ;  a,  e,  Y,  o,  0,  y ,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  Ore,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm  j 


PORTABLE 


201 


POTTLE 


P6rt'a-ble,a.  Capable  of  be- 
ing carried. 

Port'age,  n.  Price  of  car- 
riage ;  a  carrying  place. 

Port'al,  n.  An  imposing  gate 
or  entrance. 

Port-eul'lis,  n.  A  frame-work 
of  crossed  timbers  for  ob- 
structing a  passage. 

Porte,  n.  The  Ottoman  court. 

Porte'-mon-naie'  (-mun- 
na'),n.  A  small  pocket-book 
or  wallet  for  carrying  money. 

Por-tend',  v.  t.  To  foretoken, 
to  foreshow ;  to  pressage". 

Por-tent',  *»--Aa-°omen  of  ill. 

Por-tent'ous,a.  Foreshadow- 
ing ill ;  ominous. 

Por'ter,  n.  A  door-keeper  ; 
a  carrier ;  a  kind  of  strong 
beer,  or  malt  liquor. 

Port-fol'iof-l'ol'lyoor-fo'li-o), 
n.  (/^.Port-fol'ios,  -tol'yez 
or  -i'o'll-oz,  18.)  A  portable 
case  for  papers. 

Port'-hole,  n.  An  opening 
in  a  ship's  side  for  cannon. 

Por'ti-eo,  n.  (pi.  Pcr'ti-co§, 
18.)  A  covered  space  with 
colurilns  at  the  entrance  of  a 
building. 

Por'tion,  v.  t.  To  divide  ;  to 
allot;  to  endow.  —  n.  Part 
assigned  ;  allotment  ;  share 
cf  an  estate;  a  wile's  fortune. 

Port'li-ness,  n.  Dignity  of 
mien  ;  largeness  of  person. 

Port'ly ,  a.  Large  and  full ;  of 
noble  appearance. 

Port-man'teau  (-man'to),  n. 
A  bag  to  carry  clothes  in. 

Por'trait,         I  n.    A  picture 

Por'trait-ure, J      from  life. 

Por-tray',  v.t.  To  paint  the 
likeness  of;  to  describe. 

Pdr-tray'al,  n.  The  act  or 
art  of  portraying. 

Pose,?\<.     To  puzzle. 

Pos'er,  'n.  One  who  poses; 
that  which  puzzles. 

Po-Si'tion  (-zlsh'un),?!.  Situ- 
ation ;     station  ;     posture  ; 
principle  laid  down. 
P6s'i-tive,  a.     Certain ;  real : 

absolute;  confident. 
Pos/i-tive-ly,  adv.  Absolute- 
ly;  really;  confidently. 
Pos-sSss'  ( pos-ses'or  poz-zeV ) , 


v.  t.    To  have  or  hold  as 

one's  own  ;  to  own. 
Pos-ses'sion      (-sesh'un     or 

-zesh'un),  n.     The  state  of 

owning ;  the  thing  owned. 
Pos-sess'ive  (-ses'siv  or-ze's'- 

siv),«.  Denoting  possession. 
Pos-sess'or  (-ses'gor  or  -zes'- 

sor),  n.     One  who  holds  or 

occupies. 
Pos'set,?!.  Milk  curdled  with 

wine  or  other  liquor. 
Pds'si-bil'i-ty,  n.  The  power 

of   being    or    doing ;     that 

which  is  possible. 
P6s'si-ble,  a.  Capable  of  being 

or  of  being  done. 
PSs'si-bly,ac/i\  By  any  power 

really  existing. 
Post,  n.   A  messenger ;  office ; 

place  ;  a  piece  cf  timber.  — 

V.t. — Testation  ;  to  put  in 

the  mail.  —  v.  i.     To  carry 

to  a  ledger. 
Post'age,  n.    Money  paid  for 

conveyance  cf  letters. 
Post'al,  a.    Belonging  to  the 

post-ofilce  or  mail  jervicc. 
Pcst'-chaise,  n.   A  traveling 

carriage. 
Pest '-date,  v.   t.      To  date 

after  the  true  time. 
Pos-te'ri-or,  a.  Later  in  time 

or  order ;  subsequent. 
Pos-te'ri-ors,  n.  pi.        The 

hinder  parts  of  an  animal. 
Pos-ter'i-ty,n.  Descendants. 
Post'ern,  n.     A  small  back 

gate,  or  private  entrance. 
Post'fix,  n.     A  letter  or  syl- 
lable added. 
Post-fix',  v.t.    To  annex  at 

the  end. 
Post'-haste,  adv.    As  fast  as 

possible. 
Post'hu-mous,  a.  Born,  pub- 
lished, or  continuing,  after 
one's  decease. 
P6s-ti!l'ion  (-yun),  n.      One 
who  rides  and  guides  a  horse 
in  a  coach  or  post-chaise. 
Post'man  (21),  n.    A  letter- 
carrier. 
Pcst'mark,  n.     Stamp  of  a 

post-office  on  a  letter,  &c 
Post'mas-ter,  n.      One  who 

superintends  a  post-office. 
Post'-of'fiQe,  n.       A    place 


where  mail  letters  are  re- 
ceived and  delivered. 

Post'paid,  a.  Having  the 
postage  paid  in  advance. 

Post-pone',  v.  t.  To  put  off; 
to  delay  ;  to  defer. 

Post-pone'ment,  n.  A  put- 
ting off. 

Pcst's-eript,  n.  Something 
added  to  a  writing. 

P6st'u-late.  n.  Any  thing  as- 
sumed without  proof.  —  v.  t. 
To  take  for  granted. 

PSst'u-la'tion,  n.  An  as- 
sumption without  proof. 

P6st'ure,  n.  Attitude  ;  posi- 
tion ;  situation. 

Po'sy  (19),  ».  A  motto  on  a 
ring ;  a  nosegay. 

Pot,  n .  A  large  deep  vessel  for 
various  uses.  —  v.  t.  To 
preserve  in  pots. 

Po'ta-ble,  a.  lit  to  be  drunk. 

Pot'ash,  n.  An  alkaline  ealt 
from  the  ashes  of  plants. 

Po-ta'tion,  n.  A  drinking; 
an  excessive  draught. 

Po-ta'to  (18),  n.  A  well- 
known  esculent  root. 

Po'ten-gy,  n.  Relative  power, 
strength,  or  efficacy. 

Potent,  a.  Having  great 
power  or  authority.  —  SYN. 
Mighty  ;  puissant;  forcible; 
powerful;  strong;  efficient. 

Po'tent-ate,  n.    A  monarch. 

Po-ten'tial,  a.  Existing  in 
possibility,  not  in  act. 

Po-ten'tial-ly,  adv.  In  possi- 
bility. 

Po'tent-ly,  adv.   Powerfully. 

Pot'-hang'er,  n.  A  hook  to 
hang  pots  on  over  the  fire. 

Poth'er,  n .  Confusion ;  bustle. 

P6t'-house,n.  An  ale-house. 

Po'tion,  n.  A  draught  ;  a 
liquid  medicine. 

P6t'sherd,  n.  A  piece  of  a 
broken  pot. 

Pot'tage,  fl.     Meat  and  vege- 
tables   boiled    together   till 
soft ;  a  thick  soup. 
Pot'ter,  n.      One  who  makes 

earthen  vessels. 
P6t'ter-y,  n,    Wares  of  a  pot- 
ter, or  place  where  they  are 
made. 
Pdt'tle,  n.    A  measure  of  two 


eon,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tobk;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  -c,  g,  hard;  as.  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng;  this. 


POUCH 


202 


PRECIPITOUSLY 


quarts ;  a  small  basket  for 

holding  fruit. 
Pouch,   n.     A  small  bag;  a 

pocket ;  a  purse  — v.  t.   To 

pocket;  to  save 
Poul'ter-er,   n.       One    who 

trades  in  poultry. 
Poul'tige  (18), ,n.   A  soothing 

application  for  sores.  — v.  t. 

To  apply  a  poultice  to. 
Poul'try,  n.    Domestic  fowls. 
Pounge.   n.     The  claw  of  a 

bird  ;  a  fine  kind  of  powder. 

—  p.  t.      To  sprinkle  with 
pounce  ;  to  fall  and  seize. 

Pound,  n  Weight  of  16 
ounces  avoirdupois,  or  12  of 
troy  ;  a  pinfold  ;  20  shillings. 

—  v.  t.   To  beat ;  to  pulver- 
ize ;  to  confine  in  a  pen. 

Pouxid'er,  n.  One  who,  or 
that  which,  pounds  ;  a  thing 
denominated  from  a  certain 
number  of  pounds. 

P5ur,  v.  t.  To  throw  out  in 
a  continuous  stream.  —  v.  i. 
To  issue  ;  to  flow. 

Pout,  n.  A  sullen  look  ;  a  fish. 

—  v.  i.  To  push  out  the  lips 
in  sullenness. 

Pov'er-ty, ».  Want  of  riches  ; 

indigence;  penury. 
Pow'der,   n.      A  fine    dust  ; 

composition  for  firing  guns. 

—  v.  t.      To  sprinkle  with 
powder  ;  to  reduce  to  dust. 

Pow'der-y,  a.  Easily  crumb- 
ling; dusty. 

Pow'er.n.  Faculty  of  doing ; 
force  ;  strength  ;  influence; 
a  state  ;  legal  authority. 

Pow'er-ful,  a.  Ilaving'pow- 
er;  strong  [er  ;  weak. 

Pow'er-less,  a.  "Without  pow- 

Pow'cr-ldbm,  n.  A  loom 
■worked  by  some  mechanical 
power 

PSx,  n.  An  eruptive  disease. 

Prae'ti-ea-bll'i-ty.n.  Qual- 
ity of  being  practicable. 

Prae'ti~ea-ble,a  Capable  of 
b"ingdone.—  Syn  Possible. 

Prae'ti-cal,  «■  Relating  to 
practice ;  capable  of  being 
turned  to  use 

Prae'ti-eal-ly,  adv.    By  use. 

Prae'tige,n  Customary  use; 
habit ;  performance.  —  v.  t. 


(27)  To  do  frequently  or 
habitually. 

Pra-e-ti'tion-er  (-tlsb/un-), 
n.  One  engaged  in  the  prac- 
tice of  a  profession. 

Prag-mat'ie,       )  a.       Very 

Prag-mat'ie-al,  j  forward  in 
acting;  officious. 

Prai'rie,  n.  An  extensive 
tract  of  level  grass  land  des- 
titute of  trees. 

Praise,  n.  Commendation  ; 
object  or  ground  of  praise.  — 
v.  t.  To  commend  ;  to  ex- 
tol ;  to  applaud. 

Praise'wor-thy  (-wflr-),  a. 
Commendable;  laudable. 

Prance,  v.  ?'.  To  spring ;  to 
leap ;  to  bound. 

Prank,  v.  t.  To  adorn.  —  n. 
A  frolic  ;  a  trick. 

Prate,  v.  i.  To  talk  much 
and  foolishly.  —  n.  Idle 
talk;  unmeaning  loquacity. 

Prat'tle,  n.  Childish  or  idle 
talk. — v  i.  To  talk  much 
and  idly. 

Prat'tler,  n.  One  who  prat- 
tles, [ceous  fish. 

Prawn,  n.    A  small  crusta- 

Pray,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  ask  with 
earnestness ;  to  supplicate. 

Pray'er,  n.    One  who  prays. 

Prayer ( prar ),  n.  A  petition; 
a  supplication. 

Prayer'-b(X)k(prar/-),  n.  A 
book  containing  forms  of 
prayers. 

Prayer'ful  (prar7-),  a.  Given 
to  prayer. 

Preach,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  dis- 
course publicly  on  a  re- 
ligious subject. 

Preach'er,  n.  One  who 
preaches. 

Pre'am-ble,  n.  An  introduc- 
tory writing ;  something 
previous;  a  kind  of  preface. 

Preb'end,  n.  A  stipend  in  a 
cathedral  church. 

Preb'end-a-ry,  n.  The  sti- 
pendiary of  a  cathedral. 

Pre-ea'ri-ous,  a.  Held  by  a 
doubtful  tenure.— SYN.  Un- 
certain ;  unsettled  ;  doubt- 
ful ;  dubious. 

Pre-es/ri-ous-ly,  adv.  Un- 
certainly ;     doubtfully. 


Pre-eau'tion,  n.  Previous 
care. 

Pre-eau'tion-al,      )  a.  With 

Pre-eau'tion-a-ry , )  a  view 
to  prevent  mischief. 

Pre-gede',  v.  t.  To  go  before. 

Pre-ged'enge,    )  n.    A  going 

Pre-ged'en-gy, )  before  ; 
priority  of  time  ;  superior 
rank  or  influence. 

Pre-ged'ent,  a.  Going  before ; 
anterior;  antecedent. 

Preg'e-dent,  n.  Something 
done  or  said  that  serves  as  an 
example. 

Preg'e-dent-ed,  a.  Author- 
ized by  example. 

Pre-ged'ing,  p.  a.  Going  be- 
fore; precedent. 

Pre-gen'tor,  n.  Leader  of  a 
cathedral  choir. 

Pre'gept,  n.  A  command- 
ment; order;  rule;  direc- 
tion ;  instruction.       [cepts. 

Pre-gept'ive,  a.    Giving  pre- 

Pre-gept'or,  n.    A  teacher. 

Pre-gSp'tress,  n.  A  female 
teache-r.  [going  before. 

Pre-ges'sion  (-sesh'un),?!.  A 

Pre'ginet,  n.  An  outward 
limit ;  a  territorial  district. 

Pre'cious  (presh'us),  a.  Of 
great  (price  or  value ;  costly. 

Pre'cious-ly  ( presh'us- ) ,  adv. 
In  a  precious  or  costly  way  ; 
in  great  esteem. 

Preg'i-pige,  n.  A  steep  de- 
scent of  laud  or  rock. 

Pre-gip'i-tange,    )  n.    Great 

Pre-gip'i-tan-gy, J  or  rash 
haste ;  headlong  hurry. 

Pre-gip'i-tant,  a.  Rushing 
hastily  or  headlong. 

Pre-gip'i-tate,  v.  t.  To  throw 
headlong ;  to  hasten  ;  to 
cast  to  the  bottom. 

Pre-cip'i-tate,  a.  Very  hasty ; 
headlong  ;  rash. — n.  A  sub- 
stance in  solution  chemi- 
cally separated  from  its  solv- 
ent, and  thrown  to  the 
bottom  of  the  vessel. 

Pre-gip'i-ta'tion,  n.  Rash 
haste ;  headlong  hurry. 

Pre-gip'i-tous,  a.  Very  steep ; 
headlong. 

Pre-gip'i-tous-ly,  adv.  De- 
scending rapidly. 


u,y,  long,  S,  e,T,  o,u,y, siiort ;  care, car,  ask,  all,  what ;  fire,  veil,  term;  pique,  firm  ; 


PRECISE 

Pre-glse',  a.  Exact ;  over- 
nice  ;  strict;  stiff.  [ly.  : 

Pre- glse 'ly  ( 10 ) ,  ad e .  Exac t- j 

Pre-gis'ian,  n.  One  rigidly  . 
exact  iu  observing  rules. 

Pre-Qis'ion(-sizh''un))n.  Ex- 
actness ;  accuracy. 

Pre-eludc',  V .  t.    To  prevent.  ' 

Pre-slu'sion,  n.  Act  of  pre-  j 
venting  or  shutting  out. 

Pre-co'cious,  a.  Ripo  prema- 
turely ;  too  forward. 

Pr3-c5g?i-ty,  n.  Premature 
growth  and  ripeness. 

Pre'-eon-geive',  v.  t.  To  con- 1 
ceive  beforehand. 

Pre'-con-gep'tion,  n.  Pre- 1 
vious  conception  or  opinion.  ; 

Pre'-eon-gert',  v.  t.  To  con-  j 
cert  or  plan  beforehand. 

Pre'-eon-gert'ed,  a.  Previous- 
ly concerted  or  planned. 

Pre-cSn'tra-ct,  n.  A  contract 
previous  to  another. 

Pre-«ur'sor,  n.  One  who,  or  j 
that  which,  precedes  an  \ 
event. — Syn.  Forerunner;  . 
harbinger  ;  omen  ;  sign. 

Pre-da'ceous  (-shus),a.  Liv- 
ing by  plunder. 

Pr5d'a-to-ry,  a.  Plundering,  j 

Pred'e-ges'sor,  n.  One  who  ; 
has  gone  before 

Pre-des'ti-na'ri-an,  n.  One 
who  believes  in  predestina- 
tion. —  a.  Pertaining  to 
predestination. 

Pre-das'ti-nate,  )  *.    t.      To 

Pre-des'tine,       (foreordain. 

Pre-des'ti-na'tion,  n.  The 
purpose  of  God  from  eterni- 
ty respecting  all  events. 

Pre'de-ter'mi-nate,  a.  De- 
termined beforehand. 

Pre'de-ter'rnin-a'tion,  n. 
Previous  determination. 

Pr-yde-ter'mine,  v.  t.  To 
determine  beforehand. 

Pre'di-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
hind  or  farms. 

PrSd'i-ea-bil'i-ty,  n.  The 
quality  of  being  predicable. 

Pr5d'i~ca-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  affirmed  of. 

Pre-dtc'a-ment,  n.  Class  ; 
state;  particular  condition. 

Pred'i-eate,  n.  That  which 
i3  affirmed  or  denied. 


203 

Pr&d'i-eate,  v.  t.  To  affirm ;  j 
to  assert  to  belong  to  some-  j 
thing. 

Pred'i-ca/tion,  n.  Affirma- 
tion concerning  any  thing. 

Pre-di-ct',  V.  t.     To  foretell. 

Pre-die'tion,  n.  A  prophecy. 

Pre-di-et'ive,  a.    Foretelling. 

Pre'di-le-c'tion,  n.  A  pre- 
vious liking  ;  partiality. 

Pre'dis-pose',  v.  t.  To  in- 
cline or  adapt  previously. 

Pre-dis'po-si'lion  (-z'ish'un), 
n.     Previous  propensity. 

Pre-dom'i-nange,    ( a.     As- 

Pre-dom'i-nan-gy,  j  cend- 
ency  ;  superiority. 

Pre-dom'i-nant,  a.  Prevalent 
over  others ;  predominating. 

Pre-d6m'i-riate,  v.  i.  To  be 
superior ;  to  havecontrolling 
influence ;  to  rule;  to  prevail. 

Pre-em'i-nenge ,  n.  Superi- 
ority to  others  in  place  or 
rank.  [ing  others. 

Pre-em'i-nent,  a.    Surpass- 

Pre-em'i-nent-ly,  adv.  In 
a  pre-eminent  degree. 

Pre-emp'tion.  n.  Act  or 
right  of  buying  something, 
as  land,  before  others. 

Pre'-en-gage',  v.  t.  To  en- 
gage beforehand. 

Pre'-en-gage 'merit,  n.  A 
prior  engagement  or  obliga- 
tion ;  previous  attachment. 

Pre'-es-tab'lish,  v.  t.  To  I 
establish  beforehand. 

Pre'-ex-ist',  v.  i.  To  exist j 
beforehand.  [existence,  j 

Pre/-ex-ist'enge,n.  Previous 

Pre'-ex-ist'ent,  j  a.  Existing 

Pre'-ex-ist'ing, J  in  time 
previous. 

Pref'age,  n.  An  introducto- 
ry speech  or  writing.  —  v.  t. 
To  introduce  by  preliminary 
remarks.  [ry. 

Pref  a-to-ry,  a.    Introducto- 

Pre'fe-et,  n.  A  governor  or 
chief  officer ;  a  commander.  • 

PrSf'e-et-ure,  n.  Office  or 
jurisdiction  of  a  prefect. 

Pre-fer'  (8),  v.  t.  To  esteem 
above  others ;  to  choose ;  to 
offer ;  to  exalt. 

PrSf'er-a-ble,  a.  Worthy  of 
preference. 


C 

PREMEDITATE 

Pr6f'er-enge,  n.  Estimation 
or  choice  above  another. 

Pre-fer'ment,  ft.  Advance- 
ment to  office. 

Pre-fig'u-ra'tion,  n.  Previ- 
ous representation. 

Pre-fig'u-ra-tive,  a.  Show- 
ing by  previous  types. 

Pre-flg'ure,  v.  t.  To  show  by 
a  figure  beforehand,      [fore. 

Pre-fix',  v.  t.     To  place  be- 

Pre'fix,  n.  A  letter,  syllable, 
or  word  prefixed. 

Preg'nan-gy,  n.  State  of 
being  with  young  ;  fertility. 

Preg'nant,  a.  Being  with 
young  ;  fertile  ;  teeming. 

Pre-ben'sile,  a.  Grasping; 
adapted  to  grasp. 

Pre-hen'sion,  n.  A  seizing, 
as  with  the  hand. 

Pre-judge',  v.  t.  To  judge 
before  hearing. 

Pre-judg'ment,  n.  Act  of 
prejudgiug. 

Prej'u-dige,  n.  Prejudgment; 
unreasonable  prepossession ; 
bias  ;  injury.  — v.  t.  To  bias 
unduly. 

Prej'u-di'cial  (-dish/al),  a. 
Likely  to  injure  ;  hurtful. 

Prel'a-gy,  n.  Office  of  a  prel- 
ate ;  government  by  prel- 
ates, [the  church. 

Prel'ate,  n.    A  dignitary  of 

Pre-lat'ie,       )  a.   Pertaining 

Pre-lat'ie-al,  J  to  prelates  or 
the  prelacy. 

Pre-leVtion,  n.  A  public 
lecture  or  discourse 

Pre'li-ba/tion,M.  A  foretaste. 

Pre-llm'i-na-ry,  a.  Preced- 
ing. —  Syn.  Introductory ; 
previous  ;  preparatory. —  «. 
A  first  step  ;  introduction. 

Pre'lude,  or  Prel'ude,  n. 
Previous  air  in  music;  an 
introductory  performance. 

Pre-lude',  v.  t.  or  i.  To  pre- 
face; to  serve  as  an  intro- 
duction. 

Pre-lu'sive,    )  a.    Serving  to 

Pre-lu'so-ry,  j      introduce. 

Pre'ma-ture',  a.  Ripe  too 
soon ;  too  hasty. 

Pre-m6d'i-tate,  v.t.  or  i.  To 
meditate  beforehand. 

Pre-mSd'i-ta/ted.  a.      Con- 


son,  6r,  do,  W9lf,  too,  tdbk ;  Cm,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  €,  g,  hard;  as  ;  ejist ;  n.  as  rig  ;  this. 


PREMEDITATION 


204 


PRETENSE 


eeived,  designed,  or  con- 
trived beforehand. 

Pre-med'i-ta'tion,  n.  Pre- 
vious deliberation. 

Pre'mi-er  (or  premier),  n. 
First  minister  of  state.  — a. 
First;  chief;  principal. 

Pre-mlse'  (31),  v.  To  lay 
down  premises. 

Prem'is-es,  n.  pi.  Proposi- 
tions admitted ;  a  building 
and  its  adjuncts. 

Pre'mi-um,  n.  Reward;  ad- 
vance ;  something  given  or 
offered  for  the  loan  of  money. 

Pre-mon'ish,  v.  t.  To  ad- 
monish beforehand. 

Pre'mo-ni'tion  (-nish'un), 
n.  Previous  warning,  no- 
tice, or  information. 

Pre-m6n'i-to-ry,  a.  Giving 
previous  notice. 

Pre-d-e'-eu-pa/tion,  n.  Prior 
occupation. 

Pre-de'eu-py,  v.  t.  To  take 
possession  of  before  another. 

Pre'or-dain',  v.  t.  To  or- 
dain or  appoint  beforehand. 

Pre-or'di-na'tion,  n.  Act  of 
foreordaining. 

Prep'a-ra/tion,  n.  Act  of 
preparing,  or  making  ready  ; 
preparatory  act. 

Pre-par'a-tive,    )  a.    Adapt- 

Pre-par'a-to-ry,  i  ed  or 
tending  to  prepare. 

Pre-par'a-tive,  n.  That 
which  prepare^  or  is  done  to 
prepare;  preparation. 

Pre-pare',  v.  t.  To  make  fit 
or  ready;  to  qualify. 

Pre-pay',  v.  t.  To  pay  in 
advance. 

Pre-pense',  a.  Premeditated. 

Pre-p6n'der-ange,  n.  Su- 
periority of  weight  or  power. 

Pre-p6n'der-ant,  a.  Superior 
in  weight  or  influence. 

Pre-p6n'der-ate,  v.  To  out- 
weigh .  [of  outweighing. 

Pre-pdn/der-a'tion,  n.    Act 

Prep'o-si'tion  (-zish'un),  n. 
A  particle  governing  a  noun 
or  pronoun, and  showing  its 
relation  to  some  other  word. 

Pre'pos-sess'  (-pos-seV  or 
-poz-zes'),  v.  t.  To  preoc- 
cupy ;  to  bias  ;  to  prejudice. 


Pre-pos-sSss'ing  (-pos-s&V- 
or  -poz-zes'-^a.  Adapted  to 
invite  favor. 

Pre/pos-ses'sion(-sesh/un  or 
-zesh'un),  n.  Prior  posses- 
sion ;  preconceived  opinion. 

Pre-pos'ter-ous,  a.    Absurd. 

Pre-req'ui-site  (-rek^vl-zit), 
a.  Previously  required  or 
necessary.  —  n,  Somethiug 
previously  necessary. 

Pre-r6g'a-'tive,  it.  An  exclu- 
sive or  peculiar  privilege. 

Pre'sage,  or  Pres'age,  n.  A 
prognostic;  a  tokeu. 

Pre-sage',  v.  I.  To  foreshow; 
to  foretoken.  [priest. 

Pres'by-ter,  n.     An  elder ;  a 

Preg'by-te'ri-an,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  consisting  of,  pres- 
byters.— n.  One  who  belongs 
to  the  Presbyterian  church. 

Pres/by-te'ri-an-ism,  n. 
Principles  and  government 
of  Presbyterians. 

Pres'by-ter-y,  n.  A  body  of 
pastors  and  ruling  elders. 

Pre'sci-enge  (pre'shl-),  n. 
Foreknowledge. 

Pre'sci-ent  (-shi-),  a.  Fore- 
knowing. 

Pre-s-eribe',  v.  To  direct ;  to 
dictate ;  to  lay  down  rules. 

Pre's-eript,  n.  An  official  or 
authoritative  direction. 

Pre-serip'tion,  n.  Medical 
direction  of  remedies  ;  claim 
from  long  use  or  possession. 

Pre-s-erip'tive,  a.  Arising 
from  prescription. 

PrSs/enge,  n.  A  being  pres- 
ent; neighborhood;  mien. 

Pres/ent,  a.  In  company  ; 
being  now  or  here  ;  imme- 
diate. —  ft.  Something  pre- 
sented ;  the  present  time. 

Pre-sent',  v.  t.  To  give  ;  to 
bestow ;  to  exhibit ;  to  view ; 
to  prefer  ;  to  indict. 

Pre-sent'a-ble,  a.  Admitting 
of  being  presented. 

PrSs/en-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
presenting  ;   exhibition. 

Pre-§6n'ti-ment,  n  Previous 
notion  or  apprehension. 

PrSs'ent-ly,  cutv.  Shortly ; 
soon  ;  immediately. 

Pre-s6nt'rnent,n.  A  present- 


ing ;   representation ;    accu- 
sation by  a  grand  jury. 
Pres/er-va'tion,   n.    Act  of 
preserving ;  safety ;  security. 
Pre-§erv'a-tive,  a.    Having 
power  to  preserve. — n.  That 
which  preserves. 
Pre-serve',  v.   t.      To    keep 
safe ;  to  save ;  to  secure  ;  to 
defend.  —  n.       Fruit     pre- 
served ;    a    place    to    keep 
game,  or  fish,  in. 
Pre-slde,  v.  i.     To  exercise 
superintendence  or  control. 
Pre§'i-den-gy,  n.    Office  or 

jurisdiction  of  president. 
Pres'i-dent,  n.    One  at  the 
head  of  a  society,  college,  or 
republic.        [to  a  president. 
Pres/i-den'tial,  a.  Pertaining 
Press  (2).  v.  t.    To  squeeze; 
to  crowd ;    to  urge.  —  v.  i. 
To  encroach ;  to  urge  vehe- 
mently. —  n.      A   machine 
for      pressing  ;      urgency  ; 
crowd ;  throng. 
Press'-gang,  n.   A  crew  that 

impresses  men  as  seamen. 
Pressing,  a.    Urgent. 
Press'ure  (pr6sh'ur),n.    Act 
of      pressing  ;      affliction ; 
weight;  force;  urgency. 
i  Pre-sum'a-ble,  a.    Such  as 
I      maybe  presumed. 
|  Pre-gume',  v.  ?'.  To  suppose; 
I      to  venture  without  leave. 
j  Pre-§ump'tion,  n.    Opinion; 
strong  probability  ;    excess 
j      of  confidence. 
[  Pre-sump'tive,a.  Partaking 
j      of  presumption. 
!  Pre-sumpt'u-oiis,  a.   Rashly 
[      bold;  unduly  confident. 
Pre'sup-poge',  t«.  t.    To  sup- 
j      pose  as   previous ;    to   take 
1      lor  granted. 
Pre-tenge',  n.     Sea  Pretense. 
Pre-tend',  v.  t.    To  hold  out 
an  appearance  of;  to  simu- 
late ;  to  feign  ;  to  claim.  — 
v.  i.     To  use  pi-etense. 
Pre-tend'ed,  p.  a.     Having  a 

false  appearance  or  claim. 
Pre-tend'er,  n.  One  who  pre- 
tends or  lavs  claim. 
Pre-tSnse'  (27),  n.    A  simu- 
lated claim  or  assumption; 
a  pretext ;  assumption. 


a,e,J,o,u, y,long;  a,  Z,\,6,u,$,slwrt;  care, car, ask, all, what;  ere,  vgil,  term  ;  pique,  firm  ; 


PRETENSION 


205 


PRISON 


Pre-ten'sion,  n.  Claim,  true 
or  false ;  pretense. 

Pro-ten'tious,  a.  Making 
great  pretensions. 

Pret'er-it,  or  Pre'ter-it,  a. 
(Gram.)  Past  or  perfectly 
past.  [Written  also  preterite.] 

Pre'ter-i'tion  (-Ish'un),  n. 
Act  of  going  past. 

Pre'ter-mis'sion  (-mish'un), 
n.    The  act  of  omitting. 

Pre'ter-mit',  t?.  t.  To  pass 
by  ;  to  omit ;  to  disregard. 

Pre'ter-nat'u-ral,a.  Beyond, 
or  different  from,  what  is  j 
natural ;  aside  from  nature 

Pre-text',  or  Pre'text,  n.  A 
pretense  ;  an  excuse. 

Pre'tor,  n.  A  civil  officer  j 
among  the  ancient  Romans. 

Prs-to'ri-an,  a.  Belonging  to 
a  pretor  or  judge. 

Pret'ti-ly  (prlt'tl-  or  pret'tl-), 
adv.    Neatly  ;  pleasingly. 

Pret'ty  (prlt'ty  or  preVty), 
a.  Neat;  handsome.  —  adv. 
In  some  degree  ;  tolerably. 

Pre-vail',  v.  i.  To  be  preva- 
lent ;  to  be  generally  re- 
ceived. 

Prev'a-lenge,  n.  Mostgeneral 
reception ;  predominance. 

Prev'a-lent,  a.  Predomi- 
nant ;  powerful. 

Pre-var'i-cate,  v.  ?'.  To  avoid 
giviug  a  direct  answer.  — 
Syn.  To  evade  ;  equivocate. 

Pre-var'i-ea/tion,  n.  Act  of 
quibbling,  [fore;  preceding 

Pre-ven'i-ent,  a.    Going  be- 

Pre-vent',  v.  t.    To  hinder 

Pre-ven'tion,  «.  Hindrance. 

Pre-vent'Ive,  a.  Tending  to 
hinder  or  prevent.  —  n. 
Something  that  prevents. 

Pre'vi-ous,  a.  Going  before 
in  time  ;  prior  ;  antecedent. 

Pre-vls'ion  (-vlzh'un),  n. 
Foresight ;  foreknowledge. 

Pr3y  (pra),  h.  Spoil ;  booty  ; 
plunder.  —  v.  i.  To  take 
food  by  violence  ;  to  plun- 
der 

Prige,  n.  Equivalent  paid  for 
any  thing  ;  value  ;  reward. 

Prlge'-eur'rent,  n.  A  pub- 
lished list  of  the  prevailing 
prices  of  merchandise,  &c. 


Priceless,  a.  Invaluable  ; 
inestimable. 

Prick,  v.  t.  To  pierce  ;  to  spur. 
—  v.  i.    To  become  acid. 

Prlck'le  (prik'l),  n.  A  sharp 
pointed  projection. 

Prlek'ly,  a.  Full  of  prickles. 

Pride,  ».  Inordinate  self-es- 
teem ;  generous  elation  of 
heart;  dignity.  —  v.  t.  To 
indulge  in  self-esteem. 

Priest,  n.  A  clergyman  ;  an 
ecclesiastic.  [fraud. 

Priest'-eraft,    n.       Religious 

Priest'ess,  n.  A  female  priest. 

Priest'hdbd,  n.  Office  of  a 
priest ;  the  order  of  priests. 

Priest'ly,  a.  Pertaining  to,  or 
like,  a  priest ;  sacerdotal. 

Prig,  n.    A  conceited  fellow. 

Prlg'gish  (7),  a.  Conceited  , 
pert ;  affected. 

Prim,  a.  Formal ;  precise  ; 
affectedly  nice. — v.  t.  To 
deck  with  great  nicety. 

PrI'ma-gy,  n.  Office  or  digni- 
ty of  an  archbishop. 

Prim/age,  n.  A  charge  im- 
posed in  addition  to  the 
freight.  [nally. 

Pri'ma-ri-ly  (13),  adv.  Origi- 

Prl'ma-ry,  a.  Original ;  first 
in  time,  meaning,  or  rank. 

Pri'mate,  n.  An  archbishop. 

Prime,  a.  First ;  original  ; 
chief;  early. —  n.  The  dawn ; 
spring  ;  the  best  part  ; 
youth  ;  full  health.  —  v.  t. 
To  put  powder  in  the  pan 
of,  as  of  a  gun  ;  to  lay  the 
first  color  in  painting. 

Prim'er,  n.  A  small  first  book 
for  children  ;  a  kind  of  type 
of  which  there  are  two  spe- 
cies, one  called 

Long-primer, 

and  the  other  called 

Great- 
primer. 

Pri-me'val,  a.  Belonging  to 
the  earliest  ages  ;  primitive 

Prim'ing,  n.  Powder  in  the 
pan  of  a  gun  :  first  color 
laid  on  in  painting. 


Prim'i-tlve,  a.  First ;  origi- 
nal. —  n.  A  primitive  word. 

Prlm'ness,  n.  Affected  nies- 
ness  or  formality. 

PrPmo-gen'i-ture,  n.  Sen- 
iority by  birth  ;  exclusive 
right  of  inheritance  belong- 
ing to  the  eldest  son  or 
daughter.        [der ;  original. 

PrI-mor'di-al,  a.  First  in  or- 

Prim'rose,  ».  An  early  flow- 
ering plant. 
j  Prince  (18),  n.  A  king's  son  ; 
I      a  sovereign.  [prince. 

\  Prlnge'dom,  n.    Dignity  of  a 

Prlnge'ly,  a.  Of,  or  relating 
to,  a  prince  ;  grand. 

Prln'gess,  n.  The  consort  of 
a  prince ;  a  king's  daughter. 

Prln'gi-pal.a.  Chief;  capital. 
—  ii.  A  chief  man ;  a  head  ; 
a  sum  of  money  at  interest. 

PrhVgi-pal'i-ty,  n.  A  princc'3 
domain  ;  sovereignty. 

Prln'gi-pal-ly,  adv.   Chiefly. 

Prln'gi-ple,  n.  A  settled  or 
right  rule  of  conduct ;  fun- 
damental truth  ;  tenet ;  an 
original  clement. 

Prink,  v.  t.  To  dress  for  show. 

Print,  v.  t.  To  mark  by  im- 
pression.—  n.  A  mark  made 
by  pressure ;  impressions  of 
type  ;  cloth  stamped  with 
figures. 

Prlnt'er;  n.    One  who  prints. 

Prlnt'ing,  n.  The  art  or 
practice  of  a  printer. 

Pri'or,  a.  Former  ;  antece- 
dent. —  n.  The  superior  of 
a  monastery. 

PrI'or-ess,  n.    The  lady  su- 
i      perior  of  a  convent. 
S  Prl-6r'i-ty,  n.    State  of  being 
first  in  time,  rank,  &c. 

Pri'or-y,  n.  A  religious 
house  ;  a  convent. 

Prism,  n.  A  solid,  wh 
bases  are  similar,! 
equal,  parallel,  plane  | 
figures,  and  whose 
sides  are  parallelo- 
grams. 

Pri§-mat'ie,  a.  Per- 
taining to,  or  formed 
by,  prisms.  Prism. 

Prls'on  (priz'n),  v.  t.  To  shut 
up  ;  to  confine.  —  n.  A  jail. 


son,  or,  df>,  wolf,  too,  tcibk;  Dm,  rije,  pull;  p,  g,  soft;  «,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist;  n  a3  ng;  this. 


PRISONER 


206 


PROFIT 


Pri§'on-er,  n.  One  under  ar- 
rest ;  a  captive.  [nal. 

Pris'tine,  a.     Ancient ;  origi- 

Prith'ee,a<2i>.  I  pray  thee. 

Pri'va-gy,  n.  Retirement  ; 
secrecy  ;  a  place  of  retreat. 

PrI'vate,  a.  Secret ;  peculiar 
to  one's  self;  aloue. — n.  A 
common  soldier. 

Pri'va-teer',  n.  A  private 
ship  of  war  commissioned  to 
take  prizes.  —  v.  i.  To  cruise 
in  a  privateer. 

Pri'vate-ly,  adv.  In  a  pri- 
vate or  secret  manner. 

Pii-va'tion,  n.  Act  of  de- 
priving ;  absence ;  loss. 

Priv'a-tive,  a.  Causing  pri- 
vation.—  n.  A  negative  pre- 
fix to  a  word.  [shrub. 

Priv'et,  n.     An   ornamental 

Priv'i-lege,  v.  t.  To  invest 
with  peculiar  rights.  —  n. 
Peculiar  advantage,  [vately. 

Prlv'i-ly,  adv.   Secretly  ;  pri- 

Priv'i-ty,  n.  Private  knowl- 
edge and  concurrence. 

Priv'y,  a.  Privately  knowing 
and  consenting  ;  private.  — 
n.  A  partaker;  an  outhouse. 

Prize,  ».  A  reward ;  some- 
thing taken  from  an  enemy. 
—  v.  i.  To  value;  tocsteem. 

Prob'a-bil'irty,  «.  Appear- 
ance of  truth ;  likelihood. 

Prob'a-ble.  a.  Likely  to  be, 
or  to  be  true.  [hood. 

Prob'a-bly,  adv.      In  likeli- 

Pro'bate,  n.     Proof  of  a  will. 

Pro-ba'tion,  n.  A  proof ;  trial. 

Pro-ba'tion-a-ry,  a.  Serving 
for  probation  or  trial. 

Pro-ba'tion-er.  n.  One  under- 
going probation ;  a  novice. 

Probe,  n.  A  surgeon's  in- 
strument. —  v.  t.  To  try 
with  a  probo  ;  to  search 
thoroughly. 

Prob'i-ty,  n.  Uniform  up- 
rightness ;  integrity. 

Prob'lem,  n.  A.  question  to 
be  solved.         \ 

Prob'lem-at'i-e-al,  a.  Ques- 
tionable :  uncertain. 

Pro-b6s'cis,  n.  The  snout  or 
trunk  of  an  elephant,  &c. 

Pro-Qed'ure,  n.  Act  or  man- 
ner of  proceeding ;  process. 


Pro-Qeed',  v.  i.  To  go  forward. 
Pro-geed'ing,  n.     A  transac- 
tion, [rents. 
Pro'geeds,    n.    pi.       Issue  ; 
Prog'ess  tpros'es),  n.    A  pro- 
ceeding ;  progress,  [persons. 
Pro-ges'sion,  n.     A  train  of 
Pro-claim',   v.    t.     To    pro- 
nounce   publicly    and    sol- 
emnly ;  to  publish  ;  to  pro- 
mulgate. 
Proe'la-ma'tion,  n.  A  publi- 
cation by  authority. 
Pro-eliv'i-ty,  n.  Habitual  or 

natural  inclination. 
Pro-c6n'sul,  ft.    A  governor 

of  a  province. 
Pro-eon'su-lar,  a.    Pertain- 
ing to  a  proconsul. 
Pro-eras'ti-nate,  v.  t.  or  i. 
To  put  off  from  day  to  day. 
I  Pro-eras'ti-na'tion,  n.    De- 
lay ;  dilatoriness. 
;  Pro'-ere-ate,  v.  t.  To  generate. 
Pro'-ere-a'tion,    n.     Produc- 
tion of  young ;  generation. 
Pro'-cre-a/tive,    a.     llaving 

the  power  to  beget. 
Pro'-ere-a'tor,  n.    One  who 

begets ;  a  sire. 
Proe'tor,  n.      An   officer  in 
admiralty  and  ecclesiastical 
causes  ;  an  officer  of  a  uni- 
versity. 
Pro-€um'bent,   a.        Lying 
down  or  on  the  face. 
!  Pro-€ur'a-ble,a.  Obtainable. 
;  Proe'u-ra'tion,  n.     Act   of 
j      procuring  ;  procurement. 
j  PrSe'u-ra'tor,  n.     One  who 

manages  another's  affairs. 
I  Pro-cure',  v.  t.    To  obtain  ; 
i      to  gain  :  to  acquire. 
j  Pro-eure'ment  (10),  n.    Act 
S      of  procuring  or  obtaining. 
!  Pr6d'i-gal,  a.  Lavish  ;  waste- 
j      ful. — n.    A  spendthrift. 
;  PrSd'i-gal'i-ty,  n.     Wasteful 
i      expenditure  :  excessive  lib- 
j      erality.  —  SYN.      Extrava- 
gance :  profusion ;  waste. 
Pr6d'i-gal-ly,  adv.  Lavishly. 
Pro-dig'ious      (-dTj'us),      a. 
Very    great  ;    astonishing  ; 
!      enormous  in  size,  quantity, 
&c. 
Pro-dig'ious-ly,    adv.      As- 
I      tonishingly  ;  enormously. 


Prod'i-gy  (19),  n.  Any  sur- 
prising thing ;  a  wonder. 

Pro-duge',  v.  t.  To  bring 
forth  ;  to  bear;  to  yield  ;  to 
exhibit. 

Prcd'uge,n.  That  which  is 
produced  or  yielded  ;  grain. 

Pro-du'ger,  n.  One  Mho  pro- 
duces, [being  produced. 

Pro-du'Qi-ble,  a.     Capable  of 

Prdd'uet,  n.  A  thing  pro- 
duced ;  effect ;  result ;  sum. 

Pro-due'tion,  n.  Act  of  pro- 
ducing ;  fruit ;  product. 

Pro-du-et'ive,  a.  Causing  to 
exist ;  fertile ;  efficient. 

Pro-dnet'ive-ness,  n.  The 
quality  of  producing. 

Pro'ern,  n.  A  preface  ;  intro- 
duction ;  prelude. 

Pr6f/a-na'tion,n.  A  violation 
of  sacred  things. 

Pro-fane',  a.  Irreverent  to 
God  and  to  sacred  things  ; 
impious.  — v.  t.  To  violate  ; 
to  put  to  a  wrong  use ;  to 
pollute.  [ently. 

Pro-fane'ly.    adv.      Irrever- 

Pro-fane'ness,  \  n.  Impiety  ; 

Pro-fan'i-ty,  j  irreverence 
for  sacred  things. 

Pro-fess',  v.  t.  To  declare 
openly  ;  to  avow,      [avowal. 

Pro-fess'ed-ly,     adv.       By 

Pro-fes'sion  (-fesh'un),  n. 
Open  declaration-;  avowal  ; 
vocation ;  occupation. 

Pro-fes'sion-al,  a.  Belong- 
ing to  a  profession. 

Pro-fess'or,^  n.  One  who 
makes  any  profession  ;  a 
public  teacher  in  literature 
or  science. 

Pro-fess'or-ship,  n.  Office 
of  a  professor. 

Proffer  (8),  v.  t.  To  pro- 
pose for  acceptance.  —  n. 
An  offer  ;  an  attempt. 

Pro-fi'cien-cy  (-fish'en-),  n. 
Progress  made ;  advance. 

Pro-fi'cient  (-fish'ent),  r. 
One  who  has  made  progress 
or  advance  ;  an  expert  ;  an 
adept.  [line  ;  side  face. 

Pro'ffle  (or  proofed),  n.    Out- 

Pr6f'it,  n.  Gain  ;  advantage. 
—  v  (8)  To  benefit;  to  im- 
prove ;  to  be  of  advantage. 


5,3,1, o,Q,y, Ions;  a,  £,I,  o,  ti, $,  short;  efire.  car, ask, all,  what;  ere, veil,  term  ;  pique, firm; 


PROFITABLE 


207 


PROPHETESS 


Pr5f'it-a-ble,  a.  Yielding  ad- 
vantage ;  lucrative. 

Prdf'it-a-bly,  adv.  With  ad- 
vantage ;  advantageously. 

Pr6f'li-ga-oy,n.  A  profligate 
or  very  vkious  life. 

Prof'li-gate,  a.  Lost  to  vir- 
tue. —  n.  An  abandoned 
or  shamefully  vicious  man. 

Pro-found',  a.  Deep  ;  thor- 
ough ;  low  ;  learned. 

Pro-found'ncss,  )  n.     Depth 

Pro-fund'i-ty,  j  of  place, 
or  of  knowledge. 

Pro-fuse',  a.  Liberal  to  ex- 
cess ;  exuberant ;  lavish. 

Pro-fu'sion,  n.  Great  abun- 
dance ;  lavish  supply  ;  ex- 
travagance ;  prodigality. 

Pr6g,  v.  i.  To  go  about  beg- 
ging ;  to  steal. 

Pro-gen'i-tor,  n.  An  an- 
cestor; a  forefather. 

Prog'e-ny, «.  Offspring ;  race. 

Prog-no's  is,  n.  The  art  or 
act  of  foretelling  the  course 
of  a  disease  by  its  symptoms. 

Prog-nds'ti-e,  a.  Foreboding. 
—  n.     A  sign  ;  token. 

Prog-nos'tie-ate,  v.  t.  To 
foreshow  or  foretell. 

Prog-nos'ti-ca'tion,  n.  The 
act  of  foretelling. 

Pro'gram,       in.  An  outline 

Pro'gramme,  )  of  some  pub- 
lic performance. 

PrSg'ress,  n.  A  course  on- 
ward ;  advance. 

Pro-gress',  c.  i.  To  advance. 

Pro-gres'sion,  n.     Advance. 

Pro-gress'ive,  a.  Going  on- 
ward ;  advancing. 

Pro-hib'it,  V.  t.   To  forbid. 

PrS'hi-bi'tion  (-bisb/un),  n. 
Act  of  forbidding. 

Pro-hib'it-ive,    \  a.  Contain- 

Pro-hib'it-o-ry,  t  ing,  or  im- 
plying, prohibition. 

Pro-je-et',  v.  i.  To  jut  out ;  to 
be  prominent. — v.  t.  To 
scheme  ;  to  plan  ;  to  devise  ; 
to  draw  ;  to  delineate. 

Proj'eet,  n.  A  plan;  scheme. 

Pro-je-ctTle,  a.  Impelling 
forward.  — «.  A  body  pro- 
jected through  the  air. 

Pro-jeVtion,  n.  Act  of  pro- 
jecting ;  plan ;  delineation. 


Pro-je-ct'or,  n.  One  who 
projects  or  plans. 

Pro'iatc.  a.  Elongated  in  the 
direction  of  a  line  joining 
the  poles. 

Prol'i-cjilc,  n.  The  crime  of 
destroyiug  one's  offspring. 

Pro-lif'i€,  a.  Generative  ; 
fruitful ;  productive. 

Pro-li'x',  a.    Long  ;  tedious. 

Pro-lix'i-ty,   I   n.  Great 

Pro-li'x'ncss, J  length  ;  te- 
diousness. 

Prol'o-cu'tor,  or  Pro-lo«'u- 
tor,  n.  One  who  speaks  for 
another  ;  a  spokesman . 

Pro'logue  (pro' log),  tt.  Intro- 
duction to  a  play. 

Pro-long' ,v.  t.    To  lengthen. 

Pro'lon-ga'tion,  n.  Act  of 
lengthening  in  time  or  space; 
delay. 

Prom'e-nade',  or  PronVe- 
nade',  n .  A  walk.  —  v.  i.  To 
walk  for  amusement  or  ex- 
ercise,      [being  prominent. 

Prom'i-nence,  n.    State  of 

Prom'i-nent,  a.  Conspicu- 
ous, [nently. 

Prom'i-nent-ly,  adv.    Emi- 

Pro-mls'-eu-ous,  a.  Mixed; 
indiscriminate. 

Prom'ise,  n.  A  declaration 
which  binds  the  one  who 
makes  it ;  ground  of  hope. 
—  v.  t.  To  engage  by  decla- 
ration ;  to  give  hopes. 

Prom'is-so-ry,  a.  Containing 
a  promise.  [land. 

Prom'on-to-ry,  n.    A  head- 

Pro-mote',  v.  t.  To  forward ; 
to  raise  ;  to  elevate,    [ment. 

Pro-mo'tion,    n.      Advance- 

Pro-rao'tive,  a.  Tending  to 
promote,  advance,  or  aid. 

Prompt,  a.  Ready;  expedi- 
tious ;  quick.  —  v.  t.  To  in- 
cite to  action  ;  to  dictate. 

Prompt'er,  n.  One  who  re- 
minds a  speaker.  [ness. 

Pr6mpt'ly,  adv.  With  residi- 

Prompt'ness,     )  n.      Readi- 

Prompt'i-tude,  I  ness  ;  ex- 
pedition; alacrity. 

Pro-mul'gate,  v.  i.  To  make 
known  by  open  declaration. 

Pro'mul-ga'tion,  n.  A  no- 
tice ;  open  publication. 


>A;  «,  g, 


Pro'mul-ga'tor,  n.  One  who 
publishes  or  makes  known: 

Prone,  a.  Flat  on  the  face  ; 
bending  downward  ;  slop- 
ing ;  inclined  ;  disposed. 

Prong,  n.  The  branch  of  a 
fork.  [to  a  pronoun. 

Pro-nom'i-nal,  a.  Belonging 

Pro'noun,  n.  A  word  used 
for  a  noun. 

Pro-nounge',  v.  t.  To  speak  ; 
to  utter  rhetorically. 

Pro-nounce'a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  pronounced. 

Pro-nun'ci-a-men'to,  n.  A 
proclamation  or  manifesto. 

Pro-nun'ci-a'tion  (-shl-a7 . 
shun),  n.  Act  or  mode  of 
utterance. 

Proof,  n .  Testimony  ;  full  evi- 
dence ;  trial ;  test ;  demon- 
stration ;  a  proof-sheet.  —  o. 
Impenetrable. 

Prdbf'-sheet,  n.  An  impres- 
sion from  type,  an  engraved 
plate,  &c,  for  correction. 

Prop,  n.  That  on  which  a 
body  rests ;  support.  —  v.  t. 
To  support ;  to  uphold. 

PrSp'a-gan'dist,*?.  A  person 
who  propagates  opinions. 

Pr6p'a-gate,  v.  t.  To  gener- 
ate ;  to  increase  ;  to  pro- 
mote, [sion ;  increase. 

Prop'a-ga'tion,  n.      Exten- 

Prop'a-ga'tor,  n.  One  who 
propagates. 

Pro-pel'  (7),  f.  t.  To  drive  or 
urge  forward. 

Pro-pel'ler,  n.  One  who,  or 
that  which,  propels  ;  a 
steam-boat  propelled  by  a 
screw,  or  the  screw  itself. 

Pro-pense',  a.   Inclined. 

Pro-pen'si-ty,  n.  Incline  - 
tion  ;  bent  of  mind  ;  ten- 
dency ;  bias ;  proclivity. 

Pr6p'er,  a.  One's  own-,  nat- 
ural ;  fit ;  just ;  correct. 

Pr6p'er-ty,  «•  Inherent  or 
peculiar  quality  ;  owner- 
ship :  an  estate  ;  goods. 

Proph'e-cy,  n.     Prediction. 

Pr6ph'e-sy,  e.  To  foretell, 
as  events  ;  to  predict. 

Pr6ph'et,  n.  One  who  proph- 
esies, [prophet 

Pr6ph'et-ess,    n.    A  female 


s6n,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdok  ;  tirn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  so, 


hard;  as.  ;  exbt ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


PROPHETIC 


208 


PROVE 


Pro-phet'ie,       \  a.     Unfold- 

Pro-phet'ie-al, )  ing  future 
events;  relating  to  prophecy. 

Pro-pIn'qui-ty,?i.  Nearuess 
in  place,  time,  or  relation. 

Pro-pi'ti-ate  (-pTsh'i-ilt),  v.  t. 
To  appease  and  make  fav- 
orable. 

Pro-pr'ti-a'tion  ( -pIsb/T-a'- 
shun),  iu    Act  of  appeasing. 

Pro-pi'ti-a'tor  (-pish'I-),  n. 
One  who  propitiates. 

Pro-pi'ti-a-to-ry  (-pish'I-a-), 
a.  Having  the  power  to 
make  propitious ;  expiatory. 

—  n.     The  mercy-seat. 
Pro-pi'tious    (-pish/us),     a. 

Highly  favorable  to  success. 

—  Syn.  Auspicious. 
Pro'po-Ks,    n.    A  substance 

used  by  bees  to  stop  crevices 
in  their  hives,  &c. 

Pro-p5r'tion,  n.  Compara- 
tive relation  ;  equal  share  ; 
equality  of  ratios.  — v.  t.  To 
adjust  in  a  suitable  propor- 
tion, as  one  part  to  another. 

Pro-por'tion-a-ble,  a  Capa- 
ble of  beiDg  proportioned. 

Pro-por'tion-a-bly,  adv.  Ac- 
cording to  proportion. 

Pro-por'tion-al,    I  a.     Hav- 

Pro-por'tion-ate,  1  ing  a  due 
proportion,  or  comparative 
relation. 

Pro-por'tion-al-ly,  adv.  In 
due  proportion. 

Pro-por'tion-ate,  v.  t.  To 
make  proportional. 

Pro-p6§'al,  n.  Offer;  proffer; 
proposition. 

Pro-pose',  v.  t.  To  offer  for 
consideration ;  to  purpose. 

Prdp'o-gi'tion  (-zisb/un),  n. 
A  thing  proposed ;  offer  of 
terms.  [to  offer. 

Pro-pound',  v.  t.  To  propose  ; 

Pro-prl'e-ta-ry,  n.  An  owner. 

—  a.  Belonging  to  an  owner. 
Pro-pri'e-tor,  n.    A  possessor 

in  his  own  right;  an  owner. 

Pro-prl'e-ty,  n.  Fitness  ; 
justness  ;  decorum. 

Pro-pul'sion.  n.  Act  of  pro- 
pelling, or  driving  forward. 

Pro'ro-ga'tion,?!.  Continu- 
ance Ql  Parliament  from  one 
session  to  another. 


Pro-rogue',  v.  t.  To  continue 
from  session  to  session. 

Pro-ga/i-C,  a.  Consisting  in, 
or  like,  prose ;  common- 
place ;  prosy. 

Pro-SQe'ni-um,rt.  Front  part 
of  the  stage  of  a  theater ; 
part  before  the  drop-scene. 

Pro-serlbe',  v.  t.  To  de- 
nounce and  condemn  ;  to 
outlaw ;  to  interdict. 

Pro-s-erip'tion,n.  A  dooming 
to  death,  exile,  or  outlawry. 

Pro-serip'tive,  a.  Pertaining 
to  proscription. 

Prose,  n.  Language  not  in 
verse. — v.  i.  To  talk  in  a 
dull,  tedious  manner. 

Pros'e-eute,  v.  t.  To  pursue 
as  a  claim  or  an  investiga- 
tion, [prosecuting. 

Pros'e-eu'tion,    n.     Act   of 

Prds'e-eu'tor,  n.  One  who 
prosecutes. 

Prds'e-lyte,  n.  A  new  con- 
vert.—  v.  t.     To  convert. 

Pros'e-lyt'ism,  n.  Zeal  to 
make  converts.        [prosody. 

Pros'o-dist,  n.  One  skilled  in 

PrSs'o-dy,  n.  The  part  of 
grammar  which  treats  of 
accent  and  versification. 

Pros'peot,  n.  A  view;  object 
of  view  ;  reason  to  hope. 

Pro-speet'ive,"  a.  Looking 
forward ;  regarding  the  fu- 
ture ;  coming. 

Pro-spee'tus,  n.  Plan  of  a 
proposed  literary  work. 

PrSs'per,  v.  i.  To  be  success- 
ful.— Syn.  To  succeed; 
thrive;  flourish. — v.  t.  To 
render  successful ;  to  favor. 

Pros-per'i-ty,  n.  Good  for- 
tune ;  success. 

Prds'per^ouSja.     Successful. 

Pr6s'ti-tute,  t\  t.  To  offer  to 
a  lewd  or  bad  use.  —  a.  De- 
voted to  base  or  lewd  pur- 
poses. —  n.  A  woman  given 
to  lewdness. 

Pr6s'ti-tu'tion,n.  The  act  of 
prostituting.  [length. 

Pr6s'trate,     a.       Lying    at 

Pr6s'trate,  v.  t.  To  throw 
down  :  to  fall  flat. 

Pros-tra'tion.  n.  Act  of  pros- 
trating ;  dejection. 


Pro'style,  n.  A  range  of  col- 
umns  in  front. 

Pro'gy,  a.     Dull  and  tedious. 

Pro-te€t',  v.  t.  To  shield  from 
danger  ;  to  save  harmless. 

Pro-te-e'tion,  n.  Defense  from 
injury  or  danger. 

Pro-te-et'Ive,  a.    Defensive. 

Pro-te-et'or,  n.  One  who  de- 
fends from  injury. 

Pro-tee'tor-ate,  n.  Govern- 
ment by  a  protector. 

Protege  (pro'ti'zha'),  n.  One 
under  the  care  and  protec- 
tion or  another. 

Pro-test',  v.  i.  To  affirm  sol- 
emnly.—  v.  t.  To  declare 
against-r-to-  disown. 

Pro'test,  n.  A  formal  dec- 
laration of  dissent. 

Prdt'esir-SSt,  n.  One  who 
protests  against  the  doc- 
trines ana  practices  of  the 
Church  of  Rome. 

Prot'est-ant4§m,  n.  The  re- 
ligion of  protestants. 

Prot'es-ta'tion,  n.  Solemn 
declaration. 

Pro-thon'o-ta-ry,  n.  The 
chief  clerk  of  a  court. 

Pro'to-eol,  n.  An  original 
copy  or  rough  draught  of 
a  treaty  „&c. 

PrS'tOnmar'tyr,  n.  The  first 
martyr,  Stephen. 

Pro'to-type,  n.  An  original 
model. 

Pro-tract',  v.  t.  To  lengthen 
in  time  ;  to  prolong. 

Pro-tra-e'tion,  n.  Act  of  pro- 
tracting ;  a  lengthening  out. 

Pro-trude',  v.  t.  To  thrust 
out.—  -v.  i.  To  shoot  forward. 

Pro-tru'sion  (-trij'zhun),  n. 
Act  or"  thrusting  out. 

Pro-tru'sive,a.  Thrusting  or 
impciiing  outward. 

Pro-tu'ber-ange,  n.  A  promi- 
nence ;  a  swelling.         [out. 

Pro-tu'ber-ant,  a.     Swelling 

Pro-tu'ber-ate,  v.  i.  To  swell 
out. 

Proud,  a.  Having  inordinate 
self-esteem  ;  conceited ;  arro- 
gant ;  haughty. 

Prove,  v.  t.  or  r.  To  try ;  to 
test ;  to  ascertain  by  experi- 
ment ;  to  verify  ;  to  demon- 


a,  8,1,  o,  u,  y,  long ;  a,  C,  J,  6,  ii,y,  short ;  c^re,  par, ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  p'i'que,  firm ; 


PROVENDER 


209 


PUGNACIOUS 


Btrate  ;  to  experience  ;  to  be 
found  by  trial. 

Prov'en-der,  n.  Dry  food  for 
cattle  and  horses. 

Prov'erb,  n.  A  wise  saying  ; 
an  adage  ;  a  maxim. 

Pro-verb'i-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  a  proverb  ;  universally 
acknowledged  or  spoken  of. 

Pro-verb'i-al-ly,  adv.  By  or 
as  a  proverb. 

Pro-vide',  v.  t.  To  procure 
beforehand ;  to  prepare. 

Prov'i-dence,  n.  Foresight ; 
the  care  of  God  over  his  j 
creatures.  [beforehand   | 

Prov'i-dent,    a.      Preparing  j 

P  'ov'i-den'tial,  a.  Relating  ' 
.  or  effected  by,  divine 
x-ovidence. 

x  rov'i-den'tial-ly,  adv.  By 
means  of  providence. 

Pr&v'i-dent-ly,  adv.  With 
prudent  foresight. 

Prdv'ince  (18),  n.  A  distant- 
portion  of  an  empire  or  state; 
a  region  of  country ;  district ; 
office ;  business. 

Pro-vin'Qial,  n.  An  inhab- 
itant of  a  province. —  a.  Be- 
longing to  a  province. 

Pro-vin'Qial-ism,n.  Peculiar- 
ity of  speech  in  a  province. 

Pro-vi'§ion  (-vizh'un),  n. 
Preparation;  something  pro- 
vided ;  food.  —  v.t.  To  sup- 
ply with  stores. 

Pro-vi'sion-al,      )  a.       Pre- 

Pro-vi'sion-a-ry,  J  pared  for 
the  occasion  ;  temporary. 

Pro-vi'gion-al-ly  (-vizh'un-), 
adv.     Temporarily. 

Pro-vi'so,  n.  (pi.  Pro-vPsos, 
18.)  A.  conditional  stipula- 
tion, [of  anger. 

Prov'o-ea/tion,  n.    A  cause 

Pro-vo'-ea-tive,a.  Serving  to 
provoke  orexcite.  —  n.  Any 
thing  that  tends  to  pro- 
voke ;  a  stimulant. 

Pro-voke',  v.  t.  To  excite; 
to  offend  ;  to  incense. 

Prov'ost  (prov'ust),  n.  A 
chief  officer,  or  magistrate. 

Pr5/vost-mar'shal  {usually 
pron.  pro-vo'-),  n.  A  mili- 
tary officer  who  arrests  de- 
serters, &c. 


Prow,  n.    Forepart  of  a  ship. 

Prow'ess,n.  Bravery;  valor. 

Prowl,  v.  i.  To  rove  for  prey. 
—  n.     A  roving  for  prey. 

Prdx'i-mate,rc.  Next  imme- 
diately preceding  or  follow- 
ing.—  Syn.  Nearest;  imme- 
diate ;  direct. 

Prox-im'i-ty,  n.     Nearness. 

Prox'i-mo,  n.  The  next,  or 
the  coming  month. 

Pr6x'y  (19),  n.    A  substitute. 

Prude,  n.  A  woman  of  affect- 
ed modesty  or  reserve. 

Pru'denge,  n.  Practical  wis- 
dom ;  caution  ;  discretion. 

Pru'dent,  a.  Practically  wise. 

Prii-den'tial,  a.  Proceeding 
from,  or  guided  by,  pru- 
dence. 

Pru'der-y,  n.  Affected  mod- 
esty or  reserve.  [coy. 

Pru'dish  (11),  a.     Affectedly 

Prime,  n.  A  dried  plum. — 
v.  t.  To  cut  or  lop  off 
branches  from  ;  to  trim. 

Pru-nel'la,  I  n.    A    kind   of 

Pru-nel'lo,  j  smooth  woolen 
stuff.  [longing  desire. 

Pru/ri-ence,  n.     Itching  or 

Prii'ri-ent,  a.  Uneasy  with 
desire ;  itching. 

Prus'si-e,  or  Prus'sie,  a.  Ap- 
plied to  an  acid  which  is  a 
deadly  poison. 

Pry,  v.  i.  To  examine  or  in- 
spect closely.  —  v.  I.  To  lift 
with  a  lever. 

Psalm  (siim),  n.  A  sacred 
song  or  hymn.  [psalms. 

Psalm'ist,  n.     A  writer  of 

Psalm'o-dist  (sittm'-  or 
siim'-),  n.  One  who  sings 
psalms. 

Psalm'o-dy(siilm/-  or  siim'-), 
n.  Art  or  practice  of  singing 
psalms  or  hymns. 

Psal'ter  (sawPter),  n.  The 
book  of  Psalms. 

Psal'ter-y  (sawl'ter-),n.  An 
instrument  of  music. 

Pshaw(shaw),  interj.  express- 
ing contempt. 

Psy'eho-log'i-e^P-),  a.  Per- 
taining to  psychology. 

Psy-eh61'o-gy  (si-),  n.  The 
doctrine  of  the  soul. 

PtSPe-ma/ie  (tSP-),  a.    Per- 


taining to  Ptolemy,  an  an- 
cient astronomer.        [sexes. 

Pu'ber-ty,  n.    Ripe  age  in  the 

Pu-bes'cence,  n.  A  state  of 
puberty  ;  soft,  short  hairs. 

Pu-bes'gent,  a.  Arriving  at 
puberty  :  covered  with  soft, 
short  hairs. 

Pub'lie  (5),  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  community  ;  common ; 
open  ;  general.  —  n.  The 
body  of  the  people. 

Pub'fi-ean,  n.  Keeper  of  an 
inn  or  public  house  ;  a  col- 
lector of  taxes  or  tribute. 

Pub'li-ea'tion,?*.  Act  of  pub- 
lishing ;  thing  published. 

Pub-Hg'i-ty,  n.  State  of  being 
public  ;  notoriety. 

Pub'li-e-ly,  adv.    Openly. 

Pub'lish,  v.  t.  To  mako 
known  or  public  ;  to  adver- 
tise, [publishes. 

Pub'lish-er,    n.      One    who 

Pub'lish-ment,  n.  Public  no- 
tice of  an  intended  mar- 
riage. 

Puck'er,  v.  t.  To  gather  into 
small  folds  or  wrinkles.  —  n. 
A  small  fold. 

Pud 'ding,  n.  A  kind  of  food 
variously  compounded. 

Pud'dle,  n.  A  small  pool  of 
muddy  water. — v.  t.  To 
make  mudd}r ;  to  render  im- 
pervious to  water ;  to  de- 
prive of  carbon,  as  iron. 

Pu'er-Ile,  a.  Childish  ;  boy- 
ish, [ness. 

Pu'er-il'i-ty,  n.       Childish- 

Pu-er'per-al,  a.     Pertaining 

to  childbirth- 
Puff  (1),  n.  A  slight  blast  of 
wind ;  a  kind  of  light  pastry  ; 
exaggerated  commendation. 
—  v.  t.  or  i.  To  swell  with 
wind ;  to  pant ;  to  praise  ex- 
travagantly. 

Puffy,  a.  Inflated;  swollen  ; 
bombastic.  [dog. 

Pug,  n.     A  monkey  or  little 

Pu'gil-ism,  «.  A  fighting 
with  the  fist ;  boxing. 

Pu'gil-Ist,  n.     A  boxer. 

Pu'gil-ist'ie,  a.  Pertaining  to 
fighting  with  the  fist. 

Pug-na'cious,  a.  Inclined  to 
fight. 


son,  6r,  dg,  wolf,  t.fo,  tdbk ;  firn,  rue,  pull ;  $,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  ag  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 
14 


PUGNACITY 


210 


PURLOIN 


Pug-nag'i-ty,  rl.  Disposition 
to  fight. 

Puis'ne  (pu'ne),  a.  Small ; 
younger  ;  inferior  in  rank. 

Pu'is-sange,  n.  Power ; 
strength  ;  might. 

Pii'is-sant,  a.  Powerful  ; 
strong ;  mighty.        [vomit. 

Puke,  v.  i.   To  vomit.  —  n.   A 

Pale,  v.  i.  To  cry  and  whine 
like  a  child. 

Pull,  v.t.  To  pluck  ;  to  draw. 
—  n.    Act  of 
pulling. 

Pul'let,  n.  A 
young  hen. 

Pul'ley  (19),  ft. 
A  small  wheel 
in  a  block, 
with  a  groove 
for  a  running 
cord. 

Pul'mo-na-ry, 

Pul-mon'i-e,  J  ing  to,  or  af- 
fecting, the  lungs. 

Pulp,  n.  The  soft,  juicy  part 
of  fruit.  —  v.t.  To  deprive 
of  pulp. 

Pul'pit,  n.  An  elevated  sta- 
tion or  desk  for  a  preacher. 

Pulp'ous,  I  a.       Of,  or   like, 

Pulp'y,      J      pulp ;  soft. 

Pul'sate,  v.  i.  To  throb,  as 
an  artery. 

Pul-sa/tion,  n.    A  throb. 

Pulse,  n.  A  beating  of  arte- 
ries ;  peas,  beans,  &c. 

PuFver-i-za'tion,  n.  A  re- 
ducing to  powder. 

Piil'ver-ize,  v.  t.  To  reduce 
to  powder:  to  comminute. 

Pul-ver'u-lent,  a.  Consisting 
of,  or  like,  fine  powder. 

Pum'iQe,  n.  A  porous  sub- 
stance ejected  from  volca- 
noes. 

Pump ,  n.  An  engine  for  rais- 
ing water ;  a  low  shoe  with  a 
thin  sole. — v.  To  raise 
with  a  pump  ;  to  draw  out. 

Pump'kin,  n.  A  well-known 
plant  and  its  fruit. 

Pun,  n.  A  word  or  expression 
with  two  meanings  ;  a  quib- 
ble. —  v.  i'.(7)  To  play  upon 
words. 

Punch,  n.  A  tool  for  making 
holes  ;  a  kind  of  liquor  ;  a 


buffoon  ;  a  blow.  —  v.  t.  To 
thrust ;  to  perforate. 

Punch'eon(-un),?!.  A  tool ; 
a  cask  holding  84  or  1^0 
gallons. 

Pun'chi-nel'lo,  n.  A  buf- 
foon ;  a  character  in  a  pup- 
put-show,  [point. 

Pun-e-tll'io  (18),  n.     A   nice 

Pune-til'ious,  a.  Exact  in 
ceremony  or  bargain ;  nice. 

Piin-e'to,  ft.  A  nice  point  of 
form  or  ceremony  ;  a  punc- 
tilio ;  the  point  in  fencing. 

Punet'u-al,  a.  Prompt ;  ex- 
act ;  strict ;  nice. 

Pun-et'u-al'i-ty,  n.  Scrupu- 
lous exactness  in  time. 

Punet'u-ate,  v.  t.  To  mark 
with  written  points. 

Punet/u-a'tion,  n.  Act  or 
art  of  dividing  sentences  by 
means  of  points. 

Purvet'ure,  n.  A  small  point 
or  hole.  —  v.  t.  To  prick 
with  a  pointed  instrument. 

Pun'dit,  n.  A  learned  Brah- 
min. 

Pun'gen-cy,  n.     Sharpness. 

Pun'gent,  a.     Sharp  ;  acrid. 

Pu'ni-c,  n.  Pertaining  to  Car- 
thage; faithless;  perfidious. 

Pun'ish,  v.  t.  To  inflict  pain 
on  for  an  offense.  —  SYN. 
To  correct ;  scourge  ;  chas- 
ten ;  castigate. 

Pun'ish-ment,«.  Any  penal- 
ty inflicted  or  suffered  as  the 
reward  of  a  crime. 

Pu'ni-tive,a.  Inflicting  pun- 
ishment. 

Punk,  ft.  Substance  used  for 
tinder;  a  strumpet. 

Pun'ster,  n.    One  who  puns. 

Punt,  n.  A  flat-bottomed  boat, 
used  for  various  purposes. 

Pu'ny.  a.    Little  and  weak. 

Pup,  n.  A  young  dog :  a 
whelp.  —  v.  i.  To  bring  forth 
puppies.  [chrysalis. 

Pu'pa,  n.  (pi.  Pii'pse.)     A 

Pu'pil,  n.  A  scholar  ;  apple 
of  the  eye. 

Pu'pil-age  (8).  ».  The  state 
of  a  pupil  or  scholar. 

Pup'pet,  n.  A  small  image 
moved  by  wires  ;  a  doll. 

Piip'py  (19),  n.  A  young  dog. 


Pup'py-ism,  n.  Cringing 
meanness ;  coxcombry. 

Pur  (3),  v.  i.  To  murmur 
as  a  cat.  — n.  A  murmur- 
ing sound  made  by  cats. 

Pur'blmd,  a.    Near-sighted. 

Pur'chas-a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  purchased. 

Pur'chase,  v.  t.  To  buy ;  to 
procure  ;  to  obtain  ;  to 
acquire. — n.  A  buying; 
thing  bought ;  power  of  a 
lever.  Lbuys. 

Piir'cha-ser,  n.      One    who 

Pure,  a.  Clear;  unpolluted; 
Deal :  genuine. 

Pure'ly  (10),  adv.  In  a  pure 
manner;  merely. 

Pur-ga'tion,n.  Act  of  cleans- 
ing or  clearing  from  a  crime. 

Pur'ga-tive,  a.  Cleansing ; 
cathartic.  — n.  A  cathartic 
medicine. 

Pur'ga-to-ry,  ft.  A  place  in 
which  some  persons  suppose 
the  souls  of  the  dead  are 
purified  by  punishment. 

Purge,  n.  A  cathartic  med- 
icine. —  v.  t.  To  cleanse  ;  to 
purify  ;  to  clear  from  guilt. 

Pu'ri-fi-ca/tion,  n.  Act  of  pu- 
rify ing  :  a  cleansing. 

Pu'ri-fy,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  make 
or  grow  pure  or  clean  ;  to 
cleanse :  to  refine. 

Pu'rism.  ft.  Nicety,  especial- 
ly in  the  use  of  words. 

Pu'rist,  n.  One  nice  in  the 
choice  of  words. 

Pu'ri-tan,  n.  A  dissenter  from 
the  church  of  England  in 
the  16th  and  17th  centuries. 

Pu'ri-tan'ie,       1  a.  Pertain- 

Pu'ri-tan'i-e-al,  ]  ing  to  the 
Puritans  and  their  doc- 
trines ;  rigid. 

Pu'ri-tan-ism,  n.  The  no- 
tions or  practice  of  Puritans. 

Pu'ri-ty  (11),  n.  State  of  being 

j      pure ;  cleanness :  chastity. 

|  Purl,  v.  i.     To   flow  with  a 

gentle  noise.  — n.    A  gentle 

murmur  of    a    stream  ;    a 

border ;  malt  liquor  spiced. 

Pur'lieu,  n.  Environs. 

Pur'lin,  n.  A  timber  to  sup- 
port rafters.  [pilfer. 

Pur-loin',  v.  t.    To  steal :  to 


a,  e,\,o,u,y, long;  a,  £,  I,  o,  u,y,  short;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  Ore,  veil,  term;  pVque.rlrm  ; 


PURPLE 

Pur'ple,  a.  Red  tinged  with 
blue. — n.  A  color  composed 
of  red  and  blue  ;  a  robe.  — 
v.  t.  To  color  with  purpie. 

Pur'port,  n.  That  which  is 
meant ;  meaning  ;  tendency. 
—  i'.  I.  To  intend  ;  to  signify. 

Pur'pose,  n.  Object  to  be  ac- 
complished.—  Syx.  Inten- 
tion ;  aim  ;  view  ;  end.  — 
v  t.  To  intend  ;  to  design. 

Pur'pose-ly,  adv.  Inten- 
tionally ;  with  design. 

Purr.     See  Pur. 

Purse,  n.  A  small  money- 
bag.— v.  t.  To  put  in  a  purse. 

Pi  rse'-proud,  a.  Proud  of 
alth.  [ship. 

r      j'er,  n.     Paymaster  of  a 

*  .r-su'ange,  n.  A  following ; 
prosecution ;  consequence. 

Pur-su'ant,  a.  Done  in  con- 
sequence. 

Pur-sue',  v.  t.  To  follow;  to 
chase.  —  v.  i.  To  proceed, 
in  argument  or  discourse. 

Pur-su'er,  n.  One  who  pur- 
sues, chases,  or  follows. 

Pur-suit',  n.  Act  of  following; 
chase  ;  course  of  business. 

Pur'sui-vant  (-swi-),  n.  A 
state  messenger. 

Purs'y,  a.  Fat  and  short- 
breathed,  [pus. 

Pu'ru-lenge,  n.  Generation  of 

Pu'ru-lent,  a.  Consisting  of, 
or  pertaining  to,  pus. 

Pur-vey'  (-vaV),  v.  t.  To  fur- 
nish or  provide.  — v.  i.  To 
buy  provisions ;  to  cater. 

Pur-vey'or,  n.  One  who  pro- 
vides"; a  caterer. 

Pur'view,  n.    The  body  of 


211 

a  statute  ;  limit ;  scope ; 
sphere;  extent. 

Pus,  n.  Matter ;  yellowish- 
white,  creamy  liquid  of  a 
sore. 

Push,  v.  t.  To  urge  or  impel. 
—  it.     An  urging ;  a  thrust. 

Pu'sil-la-nim'i-ty,w.  Weak- 
ness of  mind  ;  cowardice ; 
poltroonery. 

Pu'sil-lan'i-mous^.  Desti- 
tute of  courage.  —  Syn. 
Cowardly ;  dastardly. 

Puss,  n.  A  cat ;  a  hare. 

Pust'ule,  n.  A  small  pimple 
containing  pus. 

Put,  t?.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  PUT.] 
To  lay  in  a  place ;  to  apply  ; 
to  propose.  —  v.  i.  To  go  or 
move  ;  to  steer  ;  to  direct. 

Pu'ta-tive,  a.     Supposed. 

Put'log,  n.  A  short  piece  of 
timber  supporting  the  floor 
of  a  scaffold. 

Put'-6ff,  n.  A  shift  for  eva- 
sion or  delay  ;  a  subterfuge. 

Pu'tre-fa-e'tion,  n.  Process 
of  decaying  or  rotting. 

Pu'tre-fa-e'tive,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  tending  to  pro- 
mote, putrefaction ;  making 
rotten. 

Pii'tre-fy,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  dis- 
solve or  rot,  as  organized 
matter.  [rotting. 

Pu-treVgenge,    n.    State  of 

Pu-tres'gent,  a.  Becoming 
putrid  or  rotten,  as  organ- 
ized bodies. 

Pu'trid,  a.  Decomposed  ; 
'rotten. 

Pu-trid'i-ty,  )n.      State  of 

Pu'trid-ness,  J   being  putrid. 


;4# 


QUADRAT 

j  Put'ty  v  n.  A  kind  of  paste 
I  or  cement  of  whiting  and 
!      linseed  oil. 

i  Puz'zle,  n.   Perplexity ;  a  toy 
I      which  perplexes. — v.  t.    To 
perplex,  as    the  mind  ;    to 
!      nonplus. 

Pyg-me'an,  a.    Dwarfish. 

Pyg'my  (19),  n.  A  dwarf. 
—  a.     Small. 

Pyr'a-mid,   n. 
A  solid,  hav- 
ing a  rectilin-  /m^ 
ear  base,  and <J§^/|^<2^» 
its  sides    tri- 
angles having     Pyramids. 
a  common  vertex. 

Py-ram'id-al,       \  a.  Having 

Pyr'a-mid'i-e-al,  J  the  form 
of  a  pyramid. 

Pyre,  n.    A  funeral  pile. 

Pyr'i-form.  a.  Having  the 
form  of  a  pear. 

Py-ri'tes,  n.  A  combination 
of  sulphur  with  iron,  cop- 
per, cobalt,  or  nickel. 

Pyr'o-Hg'ne-ous,  I  a.      Pro- 

Pyr'o-lig'ni-e,  )  duced  by 
the  distillation  of  wood. 

Py-rom'e-ter,  n.  An  instru- 
ment for  measuring  high  de- 
grees of  heat. 

Pyr'o-te-eh'nies, )  n.  Art  of 

Pyr'o-teeh'ny,  J  making 
fire-works,  as  rockets,  &c. 

Pyr'o-te-eh'nist,  n.  Ono 
skilled  in  pyrotechny  ;  a 
manufacturer  of  fire-works. 

Pyx  (18),  n.  Among  Roman 
Catholics,  the  box  in  which 
the  host  is  kept ;  a  box  at 
the  English  mint  for  certain 
sample  coins. 


Q. 


Q 


HACK  (5),  v.  i.     To  cry  l  Quad'ran-gle,  n.  i 

like  a  duck  ;    to  boast.  —        a  plane  figure  of 

n.  A  pretender  to  medical  |     four  angles  and  ' 

skill.  [quack,  j      four  sides.  Quadrangle. 

Quack'er-y,  n.    Practice  of  a    Quad-rari'gu-lar,  a.  Having 
Quad'ra-ges'i-ma,  n.    Lent.  I      four  angles. 


Quad'rant(kwod'-), 
n.      Quarter   of  a/ 
circle  ;   arc  of  90°  : 
an  instrument  for' 
taking  altitudes.    an  ( 

Quad'rat  (kwod'-),    rants. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  tO"o,  to~ok ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  e7  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


QUADRATE 

n.  A  low  piece  of  metal  to 
make  a  blank  space  i a  print- 
ing. 

Quad'rate,  «.  Square ;  suited. 
—  n.     A  square. 

Quad'rate,  v.  t.  To  square; 
to  fit ;  to  suit.        [a  square. 

Quad-rat'ie,  a.  Pertaining  to 

Quad'ra-ture,  n.  A  square  ; 
the  finding  of  a  square  hav- 
ing the  same  area  as  a  given 
curvilinear  figure. 

Quad-ren'ni-al,  a.  Happen- 
ing once  in  four  years. 

Quad'ri-lat'er-al,     

a.      Having  four    / 
sides  and    hence  / 

four  angles.  —  n.  L _ 

A  plane  figure  Quadrilat- 
having  four  sides.      eral- 

Qua-drille'  (kwa-drll'  or  ka- 
drlP),  it.    A  kind  of  dance. 

Quad-rill'ion,  n.  A  million 
involved  to  the  fourth  pow- 
er ;  in  America,  a  thousand 
trillions. 

Quad-rlp'ar-tite,  a.  Consist- 
ing of  four  parts. 

Quad'ri-syl'la-ble,  n.  A  word 
of  four  syllables. 

Quad'ri- valve,  n.  One  of  a 
set  of  four  leaves  serving  for 
a  door. 

Quad-ru'ma-nous,  a.  Hav- 
ing four  feet  that  take  the 
place  of  hands. 

Quad'ru-ped,  n.  An  animal 
having  four  feet. 

Quad'ru-ple,  a.  Fourfold. — 
i'.  t.     To  increase  fourfold. 

Quad-ru'pli-eate,  a.  Four- 
fold. "  [make  fourfold. 
euad-ru'pli-eate,  v.  t.  To 
uad-rii'pli-ca'tion,  n.  A 
making  fourfold 

Quaff  (1),  v.  t.  To  drink 
largely  or  copiously  of. 

Quag'mire,  n.  Soft,  wetland 
that  shakes  under  the  feet. 

Quag'gy,  a.  Soft,  wet,  and 
yielding  to  the  feet. 

Quail,  it.  A  gallinaceous 
bird;  in  the  U.  S.,  the 
ruffed  grouse  —  v.t.  or  i.  To 
become  quelled  ;  to  shrink ; 
to  cower. 

Quaint,  a.  Artificially  ele- 
gant ;  odd  and  antique.  — 


212 

SYN.  Strange  ;  whimsical ; 
fanciful;  singular;  queer. 

Quaint'ly,  adv.  Ingenious- 
ly ;  fancifully ;  oddly. 

Quaint'ness,  n.  State  of  be- 
ing quaint;  oddites*. 

Quake,  v.  i.  To  shake.  — n. 
A  shake ;  a  tremulous  agita- 
tion ;  a  shudder. 

Quak'er,  it.  One  of  the  so- 
ciety of  Friends. 

Quak'er-I§m,  n.  System  of 
the  Quakers. 

Qual'i-fT'a-ble  (13),  a.  Capa- 
ble of  being  qualified  ;  abat- 
able. 

QuaFi-fi-ca'tic-n,  ».  That 
which  qualilies;  legal  requi- 
site ;  endowment ;  modifica- 
tion. 

Qual'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  fit;  to  pre- 
pare ;  to  modify ;  to  limit ; 
to  abate  ;  to  restrict. 

Qual'i-ty,  it.  Nature ;  char- 
acter ;  distinguishing  prop- 
erty ;  attribute;  high  rank. 

Qualm  (kwam),  ft.  Sudden 
illness  ;  nausea  ;  a  throe  ; 
scruple  of  conscience. 

Qualm'ish  (kwam'-),  a.  Af- 
fected with  sickness  at  the 
stomach. 

Quan'da-ry,  or  Quan-da'ry, 
n.  State  of  difficulty  or  per- 
plexity ;  uncertainty. 

Quan'ti-ty,  n.  Quality  of 
being  measurable  ;  a  certain 
extent,  sum,  or  portion  ; 
bulk ;  measure,  amount. 

Quar'an-tine(-tecn),  It.  Pro- 
hibition of  intercourse  with 
the  shore,  to  which  an  in- 
fected ship  is  subjected. 

Quar'rel  (kwor'rel,  8),  it.  A 
'breach  of  friendship;  an 
angry  contest.  —  v.  i.  To 
dispute;  to  find  fault. 

Quar'rel-some,  a.  Inclined 
to  quarrel;  contentious. 

Quar'ry  (kwor'ry),  n.  A 
mine  ;  game.  — v.  t.  To  dig 
or  take  from  a  quarry. 

Quart,  n.  Fourth  of  a  gallon. 

Quar'tan,  a.  Designating  a 
fourth. —  n.  An  ague  oc- 
curring every  fourth  day. 

Quar'ter,  n.  A  fourth  part 
of  any  thing ;  8  bushels  ;  3 


QUEER 

months  ;   a  region  ;   mercy 

shown  to  an  enemy  ;  (pi.)  A 

station  occupied  by  troops. 

—  v.t.     To  divide  into  four 

parts  ;  to  lodge,  as  soldiers. 
Quar'ter-day,   n.    The  day 

that  completes  the  term  of 

three  months. 
Quar'ter-deck,  n.    Deck  of 

a  ship  from  the  mainmast 

to  the  stern. 
Quar'ter-ly,    a.     Happening 

every  three  months.  —  adv. 

Once   in   the   quarter  of   a 

year. —  n.  A  work  published 

four  times  a  year. 
Quar'ter-mas'ter,    n.       An 

officer    who     regulates    tho 

quarters,    provisions,    &c, 

of  an  army. 
Quar'tern,  n.  Fourth  part  of 

a  pint ;  a  loaf  weighing  about 

four  pounds. 
Quar'ter-staff,  n.    A  stout 

staff  once  used  as  a  weapon 

of  defense. 

euar-tette',  1  n.  A  musical 
uar-tet',  {  composition 
in  four  parts,  or  the  four 
persons  who  perform  them. 

Quar'to,  it',  (pi.  Quar'tog, 
18. )  A  book  in  which  each 
sheet  is  folded  into  four 
leaves.  [silex. 

Quartz    (kworts),    n.      Pure- 

Quash  (kwosh),  r.  t.  To 
crush  ;  to  subdue  ;  to  annul. 

Quas-sa'tion,  it.  A  shaking. 

Quas'si-a  (kwosh'I-a  or 
kwash'i-a),  n.  A  bitter  me- 
dicinal wood. 

Qua-ter'ni-on,  it.  The  num- 
ber four  ;  a  set  of  four  per- 
sons or  things. 

Qua/ver  (7),  v.  i.  To  shake 
the  voice.  —  n.  A  shake  of 
the  voice ;  an  eighth  note. 

Quay  (k;).  n.  A  mole  or  bank 
by  the  water ;  a  wharf. 

Quean,  n.  A  low  woman  ;  a 
shit. 

Quea'sy,  a.  Squeamish  ;  sick. 

Queen,  It.  The  consort  of  a 
king;  a  female  sovereign. 

Queen'-dow'a-ger,  n.  The 
widow  of  a  king. 

Queer,   a.       Odd  ;    strange  ; 

"singular  ;  quaint. 


a,€,  I,  o,  u,  y,  long;  il,  6, 1,  6,  0,  y,  short ;  cure,  car, ask,  all,  what ;  Ore,  veil,  term ;  pique, firm  ; 


QUEERNESS 

Queer'ness,  n.  Oddity  ;  sin- 
gularity ;  quaintness. 

Quell  (1),  v.  t.  To  crush  ;  to 
subdue ;  to  put  down ;  to 
allay ;  to  appease. 

Quench,  v.  t.  To  extinguish  ; 
to  repress  ;  to  allay. 

Quench'a-ble,  o.  Admitting 
of  being  quenched. 

Quer'git-ron,  n.  Dyer's  oak 
and  the  bark. 

Que'rist,  n.  One  who  in- 
quires. 

Quern,  n.  A  hand-mill  for 
grinding  grain. 

Qufr'u-lous,  a.  Habitually 
a    'plaining.  » 

Cfa  u-lous-ness,  n.  Dispo- 
joii  to  complain. 

Que'ry  (19),  n.  A  question. 
—  v.  I.  To  ask  questions 
about.         [search  ;  request. 

Quest,   n.     Act  of  seeking  : 

Ques'tion  (kwest'yun),  n. 
Act  of  asking  ;  Inquiry  ; 
doubt.  —  v.  t.  To  ask  ;  to 
interrogate  ;  to  doubt. 

Ques'tion-a-ble,  a.  Doubt- 
ful ;  uncertain  ;   suspicious. 

Ques'tion-er,  i».  One  who 
asks  questions  ;  an  inquirer. 

Quib'ble,  n.  An  evasion  of 
the  truth  ;  a  cavil ;  a  pun  ; 
a  low  concert.  —  v.  t.  To 
evade;  to  pun. 

Quib'bler,  n.  One  who  quib- 
bles ;  a  punster. 

Quick,  a.  Moving  or  acting 
with  celerity  ;  living.  — 
SYN.  Swift ;  speedy.  —  adv. 
Soon  ;  hastily.  —  n.  Any 
sensible  part ;  living  flesh. 

Quick'en  (kwlk'n),  *  t.  To 
make  alive  ;  to  vivify  ;  to 
make  quick  or  rapid. 

Quick'llme,  n.  Lime  un- 
slacked.  [time. 

euick'ly,  adv.  In  a  short 
uick'ness,  n.  Speed;  haste. 
Quick'-sand,  n.  A  mass  of 
loose  or  moving  sand  mixed 
with  water. 
Quick'set,  n.  A  living  shrub 
set  to  grow,  as  for  a  hedge. 

euick'sil-ver.  n.     Mercury. 
Uid,   n.     A  piece  of  tobacco 
for  chewing  ;  a  cud.        [ty. 
Quid'di-ty,  n.  A  trifling  nice- 


213 

Quid/dle,  v.  ?'.  To  wasto  time 

in  trifling  employments. 
Quid'nune,  n.     One  curious 
to    know  every  thing   that 
passes  ;  a  gossip. 
Qm-es'cenge,  n.    Rest  ;  re- 
pose ;  silence. 
Qui-es'Qent,  a.     At  rest  ;  si- 
lent. 

Qui'et,  a.  Free  from  motion 
or  disturbance.  —  SYN. 
Still  ;  calm  ;  unmolested  ; 
tranquil.  —  n.  Rest  ;  tran- 
quillity.—  v.  t.  To  stop  mo- 
tion in  ;  to  calm. 

Qui'et-ism,  n.  Peace  of 
mind. 

Qui'et-ly,  adv.    Calmly. 

Qui'et-ness,n.  State  of  being 
quiet. _  [lity. 

Qui'e-tude,  n.  Rest ;  tranquil- 

QuI-e'tus,  n.  Final  discharge  ; 
repose;  death. 

Quill,  n.  A  large  strong 
feather ;  a  piece  of  reed.  — 
v.  t.  To  plait  or  form  with 
ridges,  like  quills. 

Quilt,  n.  A  padded  cover  for 
abed.—  v.  t.  To  stitch  to- 
gether with  some  warm  sub- 
stance between. 

Qui'na-ry,  a.  Consisting  of 
five  ;  arranged  by  fives. 

Quinge,  n.  A  small  tree  and 
its  fruit. 

Qui'nine,  or  Qm-nine',  *. 
An  alkaloid  ^obtained  from 
cinchona. 

Quin'qua-ges'i-ma,  n.  A 
Sunday  about  50  days  be- 
fore Easter.         [five  angles. 

Quin-quan'gu-lar,  a.  Having 

Quin-quen'ni-al,  a.  Occur- 
ring once  in  five  years. 

Quin'sy,  n.  Inflammation  of 
the  tonsils  or  throat. 

Quint'al,  v.  A  weight  of  100 
or  112  pounds. 

Quln'tan,  n.  A  fever,  the 
paroxysms  of  which  return 
every  fifth  day. 

Quin-tes'senge,  n.  Fifth  or 
highest  essence  ;  best  or  es- 
sential part. 

Quin'tu-ple,  a.  Fivefold.  — 
v.  t.  To  make  fivefold. 

Quip,  n.  A  sarcastic  taunt. — 
v.  t.  or  i.  (7)   To  taunt. 


QUOTIENT 

euire,  n.  24  sheets  of  paper, 
uirk,  n.  A  sudden  turn  ;  an 
artful  evasion  ;  a  retort. 
Quit,  v.  t.     To  leave  ;  to  for- 
sake. —  a.    Clear  ;  released  ; 
free  ;  absolved. 
Quit' -claim,     n.     Relinquish- 
ment of  a  claim  ;  a  deed  of 
release. —  v.  t.  To  release  cr 
relinquish    a    claim  to    by 
deed. 
Quite,  adv.  Entirely  ;  wholly ; 

considerably. 
Quit'rent.  n.  A  rent  by  which 
a  tenant  is  discharged  from 
all  other  service. 
Quit'tance,  n.  Discharge  from. 

a  debt ;  repayment. 
Quiv'er,  n.  A  case  for  arrows. 
—  v.  i.     To  shake  ;  to  trem- 
ble. [extraviigiii.ee. 
Quix-6t'i-c,  a.     Romantic  to 
Quix'ot-ism,    n.     Romantic 

and  absurd  r.otions. 
Quiz  (3,7),  n.  A  riddle;  a 
puzzle ;  an  odd  fellow.  — 
r.  t.  To  puzzle ;  to  mulct 
sport  of  by  deceiving ;  to 
peer  at. 
Quoin  (kwoin  or  koin),  n.    A 

corner  ;  a  wedge. 
Quoit,  n.     A   horse-shoe,  flat 
stone,  or  the  like,  for  pitch- 
ing at  a  fixed  object.  —  v.  i. 
To  play  at  quoits. 
Qudn'dam,a.     Former. 
Quo'rum,  n.    A  bench  of  jus- 
tices ;    a   sufficient  number 
for  transacting  business. 
Quo'ta,  n.     A  share  ;  propor- 
tional part. 
Quo'ta-ble,  a.     Capable    of 

being  quoted. 
Quo-ta'tion,  n.     A   passage 

cited. 
Quote,  v.  t.    To  cite,  as  the 

words  of  another. 
Quoth  (kwoth  or  kwuth),  v.  i. 
To  say  ;   to  speak  ;  —  used 
only  in  the  first  and  third 
persons  in  the  past  tense. 
Quo-tid'i-an,  a.     Occurring 
daily.  —  n.     A  fever  recur- 
ring daily. 
Quo'tient  (-shent),  n.     Num- 
ber resulting  from  the  divis- 
ion of  one  number  by  an- 
other. 


son,  or,  dp,,  wolf,  tub,  took  ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  -c,  g,  hard;  aj  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


RABBET 


214 


RANCH 


R. 


RAB'EET,  v.  t.  To  cut 
or  pare  down,  as  the  edge 
of  a  board,  for  lapping.  — 
n.  A  groove  in  the  side  of 
a  board. 

Rab'bi  (or-bi,  18),  n.  A  Jew- 
ish teacher  or  doctor  of  the 
law. 

Rab-bin'i-e,       )  a.    Pertain- 

Rab-bin'i-e-al,  )  ing  to  rab- 
btns.  [ing  animal. 

Rab'bit,  n.    A  small  burrow- 

Rab'ble,  ».  A  tumultuous 
crowd;  a  mob.  [mad. 

Rab'id^.  Furious  ;  raging  ; 

Ra€-€dbn',  n.  A  wild  animal 
of  North  America,  allied  to 
the  bear. 

Rage  (18),  n.  A  running  in  a 
competition  ;  course  ;  a 
breed  ;  a  family  ;  a  peculiar 
flavor.  —  v.  i.  To  run  or 
contend  in  running. 

Rage'-horse,  In.      A  horse 

Rag'er,  )   kept  for  run- 

ning in  contest. 

Ra-geme',  n.  A  cluster  of 
flowers  arranged  along  a 
stem.  [being  racy. 

Ra'gi-ness,    n.     Quality    of 

Hack  (5),  n.  An  engine  of 
torture;  extreme  pain  ;  a 
framework  on  which  things 
are  laid ;  thin,  flying  clouds. 
—  v.  t.  To  torture  ;  to 
strain  ;  to  draw  off  from 
the  lees.  —  p.  i  To  move 
or  travel  with  a  quick 
amble.  [noise. 

Rack'et.    n.       A    clattering 

Rack'-rent,  n.  An  annual 
rent  raised  to  the  utmost. 

Ra/gy,  a.  Tasting  of  the 
soil;  fresh  :  distinctive;  pe- 
culiar and  piquant. 

Ra'di-ange,  n.  Sparkling 
brightness ;  brilliancy. 

Ra'di-ant,  «.    Emitting  rays. 

Ra'di-ate,  v.  i.  or  /.  To  emit 
rays  [rays. 

R3/di-a'tion,  n.    Emission  of 

Ra'di-a/tor,  n.    A  bodv  from 


■which  rays  of  light  or  heat 
emanate. 

Rad'"i~eal,  a.  Original ;  im- 
plauted  by  nature.  —  n. 
Root  of  a  word  ;  a  thorough- 
going reformer. 

Rad'i-eal-ly,  adv.  Original- 
ly ;  fundamentally. 

Rad'i-ele  (-kl),  n.  The  part 
of  a  seed  which  becomes  a 
root. 

Rad'ish,  n.  A  plant  and  its 
pungent,  edible  root. 

Ra'di-us,    n.     (pi.    /-    -n. 
Ra'di-I.)   Half  off  \ 

the  diameter  of  a  1  y 

circle.  \^^J 

Ra'dix.  n.  (pi.  Rad'  Ratnus. 
i-ge§.)    A  root. 

Raff  (1),  n.  Sweepings ;  refuse. 

Raffle,  v.  i.  To  cast  dice  or 
draw  lots  for  a  prize.  —  It. 
A  kind  of  lottery. 

Raft,  vi.    A  float  of  timber. 

Raft'er,  ft.  One  of  the  roof- 
timbers  of  a  building. 

Rag,  n.  A  torn  piece  of  cloth  ; 
( pi. )  worn-out  garments. 

Rag'a-muf/fin,  n.  A  paltry 
fellow  ;  a  mean  wretch. 

Rage,  n.  Violent  anger  ; 
fury  ;  wrath.  —  v.  i.  To  be 
in  a  fury  ;  to  fume. 

Rag'ged,  a.  Torn  into  tat- 
ters ;  dressed  in  tatters. 

Rag'ing  (11), «.     Furious. 

Ra-gput'  (ra-gdb').  ft.  A  high- 
ly seasoned  dish. 

Rail,  ».  A  bar  of  wood  or 
iron;  a  bird. — v.  t.  (8)  To 
inclose  with  rails.  —  v.  i.  To 
utter  reproach  ;  to  scoff. 

Rail'ing,  ft.  Insulting  lan- 
guage ;  a  series  of  rails. 

Rail'ler-y  (r-tl'ler-y),  n.  Ban- 
ter ;  good-humored  pleas- 
antry or  slight  satire. 

Rail'road,  (  n.     A  road  laid 

Rail'way,  J      with  iron  rails. 

Rai'ment,  ft.  Clothing  in 
general ;  garments. 

Rain,  ft.     Moisture  falling  in 


drops. — v.  i.  To  fall  in  dropa 
from  the  clouds,  as  water. 

Rain'bow,  n.  A  many-col- 
ored arch  formed  by  the 
sun's  rays  in  drops  of  rain ; 
the  iris. 

Rain'y,  a.  Attended  or 
abounding  with  rain. 

Raise,  v.  I.  To  lift ;  to  erect ; 
to  excite;  to  levy.      [grape. 

Rai'sin  (ra'zn),  n.     A  dried 

Rake,  n.  A  garden  or  farm- 
ing tool ;  a  libertine  — v.  t. 
To  collect  with  a  rake;  to 
sweep  with  cannon. 

Rak'ish,a.  Lewd;  debauched. 

Ral'ly,  n.  Act  of  collecting 
disordered  troops ;  banter. 
—  v.  t.  (13)  To  attack  with 
raillery  ;  to  reunite.  — v.  i. 
To  come  back  to  order. 

Ram,  n.  A  male  sheep  ;  a 
mechanical  contrivance.  — 
v.  I.  To  drive  or  thrust 
with  violence. 

Ram'ble,  v.  A  wandering 
about ;  an  irregular  excur- 
sion. —  v.  i.  To  rove  hither 
and  thither.  —  Syn.  To 
roam  ;  range  ;  wander. 

Ram'bling,  a.    Wandering. 

Ram/i-fi-ea'tion,  n.  A 

branching  j  a  subdivision. 

Ram'i-fy,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  sep- 
arate into  branches,  as  the 
stem  of  a  plant ;  to  branch. 

Ram'mer,  w.  An  instrument 
for  ramming  or  driving. 

Ra-mose',  (  a.    Consisting  or 

Ra'mous,  )  full  of  branches ; 
branchy. 

Ramp'an-gy,  ft.  Exuberance; 
extravagance. 

Ramp'ant,  a.  Exuberant  ; 
wanton  ;  unrestrained. 

Ram'plirt,  n.  A  wall  or 
mound  round  a  place  for  de- 
fense, [loading  a  gun. 

Ram'rdd,  ft.     A  rod  used  in 

Ran,  imp.  of  Run. 

Ran'cho,  I  n.  A  large  farm- 
Ranch,     |       ing    establish- 


ing,!, o,  u,  y, /o/ig-;  a,  e,T,o,Q,$',  short;  caro,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,veU,  term  ;  pique,  firm; 


RANCHERO 


215 


RAVEN 


ment,  or  an  establishment 
for  rearing  cattle  and  horses. 

Ran-che'ro  (-ch;Vro),  n.  A 
Mexican  peasant  employed 
on  a  rancho  :  a  herdsman. 

Ran'Qid,  a.  Having  a  strong, 
sour  smell;  musty. 

Ran-gid'i-ty,   \n.  A  strong, 

Ran'gid-ness,  )     sour  smell. 

Ran'eor  (33),  n.  Malignity  ; 
inveterate  enmity. 

Ran'eor-ous,  «•  Very  spite- 
ful ;  maiignanr. ;  malevolent. 

Ran'dom,  n.  Course  without 
definite  direction. — a.  Left 
t'     'iance  ;  done  at  hazard. 

P*       ,  old  imp.  of  Ring. 

i..  ige,/i.  A  row;  rank  ;  ex- 
cursion ;  extent ;  a  cooking 
apparatus. — r.  t.  To  place 
iu  order.  —  v.  i.  To  rove  at 
large  ;  to  be  placed  in  order. 

Rank,  a.  Strong-scented  ; 
high-tasted  ;  luxuriant.  — 
n.  A  line  of  men  ;  row  ; 
class ;  order ;  degree  ;  dig- 
nity. —  v.  t.  To  place  in  a 
line  ;  to  dispose  methodical- 
ly. —  v.  i.  To  be  ranged  or 
set ;  to  have  a  certain  grade. 

Rank'le,  v.  i.  To  become  in- 
flamed or  violent ;  to  fester. 

Ran'sack(o),  v  t.  To  search 
thoroughly  ;  to  pillage. 

Ran'som,  n.  Price  paid  to 
redeem  a  person  or  goods 
from  an  enemy.  — v.  t.  To 
redeem,  by  a  price. 

Bant,  n.  Extravagant  lan- 
guage.—  v.  ?'.    To  rave. 

Rant'er,  n.  A  boisterous  de- 
claimer ;  a  noisy  talker. 

Rap,  n  A  quick,  smart  blow. 
—  v.  i.  or  t.  (7)  To  strike 
with  a  quick,  sharp  blow. 

Ra-pa'cious,  a.  Inclined  to 
plunder  ;  greedy  ;  ravenous. 

Ra-pac/i-ty,  ft.  Disposition 
to  plunder  ;  exorbitant  cov- 
etousness. 

Rape,  ft.  A  seizing  by  vio- 
lence ;  carnal  knowledge  by 
force ;  a  kind  of  cabbage. 

Rap'id,  a.    Swift ;  quick. 

Ra-pid'i-ty,  n.  Swiftness  of 
motion  ;  velocity  ;  haste. 

Rap'id-ly,  adv.    Swiftly. 

Rap'ids,  n.  pi.     Sudden  de- 


scent of  a  stream  without 
actual  water  fall. 

Ra'pi-er,  n.  A  light  sword 
with  a  very  narrow  blade. 

Rap'ine,  ft.  Act  of  plunder- 
ing ;  spoliation  ;  pillage. 

Rap-pee',  n.  A  kind  of  snuff. 

Rap'per,  n.  One  who  raps  ; 
knocker  of  a  door. 

Rapt,  a,  Transported  in  ec- 
stasy :  ravished. 

Rapt'ure,  n.  Exti-eme  joy; 
ecstasy  ;  bliss. 

Rapt'ur-ous,  a.  Causing  rapt- 
ure ;  ecstatic  ;  blissful. 

Rare,  a.  Thin  ;  scattered  ; 
nearly  raw  ;  underdone. 

Rar'e-fae'tion,  n.  Actor  pro- 
cess of  rarefying;  expansion 
of  bodies. 

Rar'e-fy,  v.  t.  or  t.  To  make 
or  become  thin  or  rare. 

Rare'ly,  adv.  Seldom  ;  not 
often  ;  finely  ;  nicely. 

Rare'ness,  I  ft.  State  of  being 

Rar'i-ty,  \  rare;  uncom- 
monness;  thinness. 

Rare'rlpe,  a.  Early  ripe.  — 
ft.    An  early  fruit. 

Ras'-eal,  n.  A  dishonest  man ; 
a  rogue. — a.  Mean  ;  low  ;  dis- 
honest. 

Ras-€al'lion(-yun),  n.  Alow, 
mean  wretch. 

Ras-eal'i-ty,  ft.  Mean  dis- 
honesty ;  base  fraud. 

Ras'-eal-ly,  a.  Like  a  rascal ; 
dishonest ;  trickish. 

Rase,  v.  t.     To  erase. 

Rash,  a.  Excessively  hasty 
or  incautious ;  foolhardy. 

Rash'er,  ft.  A  thin  slice  of 
bacon,      [thought ;  hastily. 

Rash'ly,  «'/'•.    Without  fore- 

Rash'ness,  n.  Inconsiderate 
haste ;  heedlessness. 

Rasp,  n.  A  kind  of  coarse 
file  ;  a  grater.  —  v.  t.  To 
rub  or  grate  with  a  rasp. 

Rasp'ber-ry  (ra//-),  n.  A  kind 
of  berry,  and  the  shrub  that 
bears  it.  [ure. 

Ras'vire  (razh'ijr),  n.  Eras- 
Rat,  ft.  A  well-known  ani- 
mal that  infests  houses. 

Rat'a-fi'a,™.  A  fine  spirituous 
liquor,  flavored  with  fruit. 

Ratch'et,  n.   A  bar  that  falls 


into  the  teeth  of  a  wheel  or 
rack  ;  a  pawl. 
Ratch'et- wheel,  n.  A  toothed 
wheel  with  a  lever  and  ratch- 
et for  moving  it  forward. 
Rate,  n.    A    price;    degree; 
value  ;  tax. —  v.  t.  To  value ; 
to  tax  ;  to  scold. 
Rath'er,  adv.  More  willingly. 
Rat'i-fi-ea'tion,  ft.    Act  of 

ratifs  iug,  or  sanctioning. 
Rat'i-fy  (13),  v.  t.     To  sanc- 
tion ;  to  settle;  to  confirm. 
Ra'ti-0   (rfi'shi-o   or  ri'sho), 

n.    Proportion  ;  rate. 
Ra/ti-oc/i-na'tion  (rash'i-oV- 

I-),  n.    Act  of  reasoning. 
Ra'tion  (or  rash'un),  n.     Al- 
lowance of  provisions. 
Ra'tion-al    (rash'un-al),    a. 
Endowed      with       reason  ; 
agreeable  to  reason. 
Ra/tion-a'le    (rash'un-),    n. 
j      Detail  of  reasons. 
;  Ra'tion-al-ist  (rash'un-),  n. 
One  who  is  guided  solely  by 
I      reason. 

I  Ra'tion-al'i-ty  (rash'un-)  n. 
I  Quality  of  being  reasonable. 
Rats'bane,n.  Poison  for  rats. 
Rat-tan';  ft.  Stem  of  a  cane  or 

plant  growing  in  India. 
Rafting,  n.    Act  of  deserting 

a  party. 
Rat'tle,  v.    To  make  a  rapid 
succession  of  sharp  sounds ; 
to    clatter. — ft.      A    rapid 
succession  of  sharp  sounds ; 
a  toy  ;  (  pj.)  the  croup. 
Rat'tle-snake,  n.   A  poison- 
ous serpent. 
Rau'gi-ty,  ft.     Harshness  of 
sound;  hoarseness. 
j  Rav'age,  v.  t.    To  lav  waste. 
—  SYN.         To     devastate  ; 
|      waste  ;    sack  ;    spoil  ;  ruin. 
!      —  ft.    Waste;  plunder. 

Rave,  v.  i.     To  be  delirious  ; 
|      to  talk  wildly. 
!  Rav'el  (8),  v.  t.  or  ?'.   To  dis- 
I      entangle  ;  to  take  apart ;  to 


entangle ;  to  involve. 

Rave'lin  (rav'lin),  n.  A  de- 
tached work  in  fortification. 

Ra'ven  (-vn),n.  A  bird  of  a 
black  color,  allied  to  the 
crow,  but  larger. 

Rav'en  (rav'n),  v.  ?*.     To  de- 


son,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  took  ;  Qrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  e,  g,  hard ;  ag  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  tnu. 


RAVENOUS 


21G 


RECEIVER 


vour  greedily.  —  n.  Prey  ; 
plunder  ;  rapine. 

Rav'en-oiis,  a.   Voracious. 

Ra-vine'  (-veen'),  n.  A  long 
hollow  between  hiils. 

Rav'ing,  a.   Furious. 

Rav'ish,  v.  t.  To  carry  away 
by  force  ;  to  transport  with 
delight ;  to  know  carnally  by 
force.  [ishing  ;  ecstasy. 

Rav'ish-ment,  ?i.  Act  of  rav- 

Raw,  a.  Not  cooked  ;  crude  ; 
unripe  ;  unmanufactured  ; 
cold  and  damp  ;  chilly ;  bare 
of  skin ;  sore. 

Raw'boned,  a.  Having  little 
flesh  on  the  bones. 

Ray  (18),  n.  A  line  or  beam 
of  light;  a  fish.  —  v.  t.  To 
shoot  forth.  [dark. 

Ray'less,  a.    Without  a  ray  ; 

Raze,  v.  t.  To  lay  level  with 
the  ground;  to  demolish. 

Ra-zee',  n.  A  ship  of  war 
cut  down  to  an  inferior  rate. 
— V.  t.  (15)  To  reduce  in  size, 
as  a  vessel.         [for  shaving. 

Ra/zor,   n.      An  instrument 

Reach,  v.  t.  To  extend  to  ; 
to  arrive  at. — n.  Extent: 
stretch  ;  expanse  ;  limit  ; 
power.  [over  again. 

Re-a-et',  V.  i.    To  act  or  do 

Re-ae'tion,Ji.  Counteraction. 

Re-aet'ive,  1  a.  Having 

Re-a€'tion-a-ry,  )  power  to 
react ;  tending  to  reaction. 

Read,  v.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  Sep. p. 
head  (red).]  To  peruse;  to 
know  fully  ;  to  learn. 

Read'a-ble,  a.  Fit  to  be  read ; 
worth  reading ;  legible. 

Read'er,  n.     One  who  reads. 

Read'i-ly,  adv.  Quickly  ; 
with  facility  ;  promptly. 

Read'i-ness,n.  Willingness; 
promptitude ;  alacrity. 

Read'ing,  n.  Perusal ;  in- 
terpretation of  a  passage. 

Re'ad-mis'sion  (-mish'un), 
n.     Act  of  readmitting. 

Re/ad-mit'^),  v.  t.  To  ad- 
mit a  second  time  or  again. 

Read'y,  a.  Prepared  ;  willing  ; 
prompt ;  near  ;  easy  ;  on  the 
point  or  brink. 

Re'al,  a.  Having  positive  ex- 
istence ;    relating  to   things 


fixed  or  permanent.  —  Syx. 
Actual ;  true  ;  genuine. 

Re-al'i-ty,  n,  Certainty  ; 
that  which  is  real. 

Re'al-i-za'tion,  n.  Act  of 
realizing,  or  making  real. 

Re'al-Ize,  v.  t.  To  bring  into 
being  or  act ;  to  cause  to 
seem  real ;  to  make  real ;  to 
understand  by  experience. 

Re'al-iy,  adv.  In  fact ;  truly. 

Realm,  n.  A  royal  jurisdic- 
tion ;  province ;  domain. 

Ream,  n.  A  bundle  of  20 
quires  of  paper. 

Re-an'i-mate,^.  t.  To  restore 
to  life. 

Reap  (8),  v.  t.  or  i.  To  cut 
grain  with  a  sickle ;  to  ob- 
tain ;  to  get ;  to  receive. 

Reap'ei\  n.    One  who  reaps. 

Re'ap-pear',  v.  ?'.  To  appear 
a  second  time  or  again. 

Re/ap-point',  f.  t.  To  ap- 
point again. 

Rear,  n.  The  part  behind. 
—  a.  Hindmost. — v.t.  To 
raise  ;  to  bring  up.  — v.  i.  To 
rise  up  on  the  hind  legs. 

Rear'-ad'mi-ral,  n.  An  offi- 
cer next  in  rank  after  a  vice- 
admiral. 

Rear'-guard,  n.  The  body 
that  marches  in  the  rear. 

Rear'ward,  n.  The  rear- 
guard ;  latter  part ;  end. 

Rea'son  (-zn),  n.  Faculty  of 
judging,  or  its  due  exercise ; 
motive ;  argument ;  ground ; 
end ;  cause.  —  v.  To  argue 
rationally ;  to  debate. 

Rea'son-a-ble,  a.  Governed 
by  reason  ;  rational ;  just. 

Rea'§on-a-bly,  adv.  Agree- 
ably to  reason  ;  moderately . 

Rea'son-er,  n.  One  who  rea- 
sons or  argues. 

Rea'son-ing,  n.  Act  of  using 
the  faculty  Of  reason. 

Re'as-sume',  v.  t.  To  assume 
again  ;  to  resume. 

Re'as-sure'  (-shijr'),  v.  t.  To 
assure  again ;  to  free  from 
fear.  [duction. 

Re-bate',  n.  Abatement:  de- 

Re'bee,  n.  A  musical  instru- 
ment formerly  in  use. 

RSb'el,  n.     One  who  opposes 


lawful  authority. — a.  Act- 
ing in  revolt ;  rebellious. 

Re-bel'(7),  v.  i.  To  rise  in 
opposition  to  lawful  au- 
thority ;  to  revolt. 

Re-beii'ion  (-yun),  n.  Open 
opposition  to  lawful  author- 
ity. 

Re-bell'ious,  a.  Engaged  in 
rebellion. 

Re-bound',  v.  i.  To  spring 
or  start  back. — n.  Act  of 
springing  back. 

Re-buff',  n.  A  sudden  check. 
—  v.  t.    To  check  suddenly. 

Re-buke',  v.  t.  To  chide ;  to 
reprove.  —  n.    Reproof. 

Re'bus  (18),  «.  A  kind  of 
pictorial  riddle. 

Re-but',  iv  t.    To  repel. 

Re-but'ter,  n.  Answer  of  a 
defendant  to  a  plaintiff's  sur- 
rejoinder. 

Re-call',  v.t.  To  call  or  take 
back.  —  n.  A  calling  back ; 
revocation. 

Re-«ant',  v.  t.  To  retract  an 
opinion  or  declaration. 

Re'-ean-ta'ticn,  n.  Act  of  re- 
canting ;  retraction. 

Re'ea-pit'u-late,!-.  t.  Tore- 
peat  in  a  summary  way. — 
Syn.  To  reiterate ;  rehearse. 

Re'ea-pit'u-la/ticn,  n.  A 
summary  ;  a  recapitulating. 

Re'-ea-pit'u-la-to-ry,  a.  Re- 
peating again. 

Re-eap'tion,  n.    A  reprisal. 

Re-eapt'ure,  n.  Act  of  re- 
taking ;  a  prize  retaken.  — 
v.  t.     To  retake. 

Re-east',  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p  p. 
recast.]  To  cast  or  mold 
a  second  time. 

Re-c,ede',  v.  ?'.  or  t.  To  draw 
back ;  to  retreat ;  to  desist. 

Receipt'  (-sect'), ».  Recep- 
tion ;  a  writing  to  show  that 
something  has  been  re- 
ceived. —  v  t.  To  give  a 
written  acknowledgment  for 
something  received. 

Re-geiv'a-ble  (11),  a.  Capa- 
ble of  being  received. 

Re-geive',  v.  t.  To  take,  as 
something  that  is  offered. 

Re-ceiv'er,  n.  One  who  re- 
ceives ;  a  chemical  vessel. 


a,  e,  1, 5,  u,  y,  long ;  a,  c,  1, 6,  ft,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  {ill,  what ;  ere,  veil,  t5rm  ;  pique,  ilrm  ; 


RECENCY 


217 


RECRIMINATION 


Re'gen-gy,  n.  State  of  being 
recent ;  newness  ;  freshness. 

Re-gSn'sion,  n.  Examina- 
tion ;  editorial  review  of  a 
text;  an  edited  version. 

Re'gent,«.  New;  late:  fresh. 

Re'gent-ly,  adv.  Newly  ; 
lately. 

Re-gep'ta-€le,  n.  A  place  to 
receive  things  in. 

Re-gep'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
ceiving; admission. 

Re-gep'tive,  a.  Having  the 
quality  of  receiving. 

Re-gess',  n.  A  withdrawing; 
p;vacy;  retreat;  intermis- 
i  or  suspension  ;  a  niche 
alcove. 

ixt-ges'siont-sSsh'un),?!.  Act 
of  ceding  back. 

Re-charge',  9.  t.  To  charge 
or  attack  anew. 

Recherche  (ru-shir'sha'),  a. 
Sought  out  with  care;  nice. 

Reg'i-pe,  n.  A  prescription  ; 
esp.,  a  medical  prescription. 

Re-gip'i-ent,  n.  One  who  re- 
ceives ;  a  receiver. 

Re-gip'ro-€al,  a.  Mutually 
interchangeable;  acting  in 
return  ;  given  and  received. 

Re-gip'ro-eal-ly,  adv.  So 
that  each  afFects  and  is  af- 
fected by  the  other. 

Re-gip'ro-cate,  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
act  by  turns  ;  to  alternate. 

Re-gip'ro-ea'tion,  n.  A  giv- 
ing and  receiving  in  return. 

Reg'i-prog'i-ty,  n.  Reciprocal 
obligations,  advantages,  or 
rights. 

Re-git'al  (11),  n.  Repetition 
of  words  of  another,  or  of  a 
writing.  —  Syn.  Rehearsal; 
recitation;  account. 

•Reg'i-ta'tion,  n.  Rehearsal ; 
repetition  ;  a  public  reading. 

RSg'i-ta-t'ive',  n.  A  kind  of 
musical  recitation. 

Re-glte',  v.  t.  or  i.  To  tell 
over ;  to  repeat ;  to  rehearse. 

Reck'less,  a.  Careless  of 
consequences ;  heedless. 

Reek'on  (rek'n),  v.  To  num- 
ber ;  to  compute  ;  to  esteem. 

Reek'on-ing,  n.  Computa- 
tion ;  bill  of  expenses. 

Re~elaim',t\  t.    To  recover  ; 


to  reform  ;  to  restore  to  use, 
as  submerged  land. 

Re-elaim'ant,  n.  One  who 
reclaims. 

Re-e'la-ma/tion,  n.  Recovery ; 
demand  of  something  to  be 
restored.  [reclining. 

Re-e'li-na'tion,    n.     Act   of 

Re-elme',  v.  t.  or  i.  To  lean 
back ;  to  rest ;  to  repose. 

Re--eluse',  a.  Living  in  re- 
tirement;  solitary. —  n.  One 
who  lives  in  retirement  from 
society.  [tirement. 

Re-elu'sion,  n.    State  of  re- 

Ree'og-ni'tiorr  (-nlsh'un),  n. 
Act  of  recognizing  ;  ac- 
knowledgment ;  avowal. 

Ree'og-nlz'a-ble,  or  Re- 
■edg'ni-za-ble,a.  Capable  of 
being  recognized. 

Re-€Og'ni-zange,  n.  Bond 
of  record;  an  obligation. 

Ree'og-nlze,  v.  t.  To  know 
again ;  to  acknowledge. 

Re-eoil',  v.  i.  To  start  or  fall 
back.  —  n.  A  movement 
backward ;  resilience. 

Ree'ol-leet',  v.  t.  To  recall 
or  bring  to  mind. 

Re'-eol-leet',  v.  t.  To  collect 
again. 

Ree'ol-l&e'tion,  n.  A  recall- 
ing ;  remembrance. 

Re'-eom-menge',  v.  t.  To 
commence  or  begin  anew. 

Ree'om-mend',  v.  t.  To  com- 
mend to  the  favorable  notice 
of  another  ;  to  praise  ;  to  ad- 
vise. 

Rec'om-mend-a'tion,  n.  Act 
of  praising ;  that  which  com- 
mends to  favor ;  commenda- 
tion ;  act  of  advising. 

Re-e'om-mend'a-to-ry,  a. 
Serving  to  recommend. 

Re'-com-mit',  v.  t.  To  commit 
anew. 

Re'com-mit'ment,  i  n.       A 

Re'-eom-mit'tal,  (  second 
or  renewed  commitment. 

RS-e'om-pSnse,  n.  Reward; 
compensation;  pay.  —  v.  t. 
To  repay  ;  to  reward. 

Re'-com-pSse',  v.  t.  To  com- 
pose anew*;  to  settle  anew. 

Ree'on-gil'a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  reconciled. 


Ree'on-glle',  v.  t.  To  con- 
ciliate anew  ;  to  make  con- 
sistent ;  to  adjust ;  to  settle. 

Ree'on-gil'i-a/tion,  n.  Re- 
newal of  friendship. 

Ree'on-dlte,  a.  Secret;  hid- 
den ;  abstruse ;  profound. 

Re-eon'nais-sange,  I  n.  Ex- 

Re-eon'nois-sange,  )  anima- 
tion of  a  tract  of  country, 
usually  lor  warlike  pur* 
poses. 

Re'-eon-noi'ter,  v.  t.  To  sur- 
vey ;  to  view  ;  to  examine. 

Re-edn'quer  (-koijk'er),  v.  t. 
To  conquer  again ;  to  re- 
cover; to  regain. 

Re'-eon-sid'er,  v.  t.  To  con- 
sider again  ;  to  review. 

Re'eon-sid'er-a'tion,  n.  Re- 
newed consideration. 

Re-eord',  v.  t.  To  register  ; 
to  enroll. 

Res'ord,  n.  Register ;  au- 
thentic memorial. 

Re-eord'er,  n.  One  who  re- 
cords or  keeps  records. 

Re-count',  v.  t.  To  relate  in 
detail ;  to  rehearse. 

Re-eourse',  n.  Application, 
as  for  help. 

Re~eov'er  (-kuv'er).  v.  t.  To 
regain  ;  to  win  back.  —  v.  i. 
To  regain  health. 

Re-eov'er-a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  recovered. 

Re-cov'er-y,  n.  Act  of  re- 
covering ;  restoration. 

Re«'re-ant,  a.  Apostate  ; 
false  ;  cowardly.  —  n.  Au 
apostate  ;  a  coward. 

Re€'re-ate,  v.  t.  To  refresh 
after  labor  ;  to  amuse. 

Re'ere-ate',  v.  t.  To  create 
or  form  anew. 

ReVre-a'tion,  n.  Amuse- 
ment ;  relief  from  toil. 

RSe're-ment,  n.  Refuse  ; 
dross  ;  scoria. 

Re-e're-ment'al         ) 

Rec're-men-ti'tious  f 
(-tlsh'us),  a.     Drossy;   su- 
perfluous. 

Re-erim'i-nate,  v.  t.  To  ac- 
cuse in  return. 

Re-erinVi-na'tion,  n.  Return 
of  one  accusation  with  an- 
other ;  a  counter-accusation. 


Kin,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  tcTok  ;  Qrn,  rue,  pull ;  $,  g,  soft ;  -e,  g,  hard  ;  ag  ;  exist ;  n.  as  ng  ;  this. 


RECRIMINATORY 


218 


REFINED 


Re-crim'i-na/to-ry,  a.  Re- 
torting accusation. 

Re-eruit',  v.  i.  To  gain  new 
supplies  of  anything  wasted. 
—  C.  I.  To  supply  deficiency 
in,  as  of  troops. —  n.  A  new- 
ly-enlisted soldier. 

Reet'an-gle,  n.  A  i 

right  angled  par- 1 | 

allelogram.  Rectangle. 

Re€t-an'gu-lar,  a.  Having 
right  angles.       [correcting. 

ReVti-fi-ea'tion,  n.    Act  of 

ReVti-fy  (13),  v.  t.  To  cor- 
rect; to  refine  by  repeated 
distillation. 

Re-e'ti-lin'e-al,  )  a.    Consist- 

Ree'ti-lin'e-ar,  j  ing  of 
right  lines. 

Re-e'ti-tude,  n.  Uprightness. 

Re-e'tor,  n.  A  minister  of  a 
parish  ;  ruler  or  governor. 

Ree'tor-ship,  n.  The  rank  or 
office  of  a  rector. 

Re-e'tor-y,  n.  The  mansion 
of  a  rector  ;  a  parish 
church. 

ReVtum,  n.  The  terminal 
part  of  the  large  intestines. 

Re-eum'ben-gy,  n.  A  lying 
down  ;  repose. 

Re--eum'bent,  a.  Reclining  ; 
leaning. 

Re-eu'per-ate,  »•  To  recover 
health. 

Re-cu'per-a-tivc,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  tending  to,  recov- 
ery. 

Re-eur'  (7),  v.  i.  To  resort ; 
to  return  again  or  repeated- 
ly ;  to  come  back. 

Re-€ur'renge,  n.  A  recur- 
ring; return  ;  resort,  [back. 

Re-eur'rent,  a.        Running 

Re~cu'sant,  a.  Refusing  to 
conform.  — ft.  One  who  re- 
fuses to  conform  to  the  es- 
tablished church. 

Red,  a.  Of  a  bright  color  ;  like 
blood.  —  n.  Color  of  blood, 
or  a  tint  resembling  it. 

Re-dan',  n.  A  kind  of  ram- 
part or  fortification. 

RSd'den,  v.  t.  or  t.  To  make 
or  grow  red  ;  to  blush. 

Red'dish,  a.    Somewhnt  red. 

Re-deem',  v.  t.  To  purchase 
back  ;  to  ransom  ;  to  rescue. 


Re-deem'er,  n.  One  who  ran- 
soms ;  specifically  the  Savior. 

Re-demp'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
deeming ;  repurchase ;  ran- 
som ;  rescue ;  deliverance. 

Red'-gum,  n.  An  eruption 
of  red  pimples  in  children. 

Red'-hot,  a.  Heated  to  red- 
ness, [new. 

Re-din'te-grate,  V.  t.  To  re- 

Red'ness,  n.  The  quality  of 
being  red  ;  red  color. 

Red'o-lenge,  n.   Sweet  scent. 

Red'o-lent,  a.  Diffusing  a 
sweet  scent ;  odorous. 

Re-doub'le  (-dub'l),  v.  t.  To 
increase  by  doubling. 

Re-doubt'  (-dowt'j,  n.  An 
outwork  within  another  out- 
work in  fortifications. 

Re-doubt'a-ble  (-dowt'-),  a. 
Formidable;  valiant. 

Re-dound',  t.  i.  To  conduce. 

Re-dress',  v.  t.  To  set  right; 
to  deliver  from  wrongs,  &c 
—  n.  Deliverance  from 
wrong  or  injury. 

Red'top,n.    A  kind  of  grass. 

Re-duge',  v.  t.  To  convert; 
to  lower;  to  subdue;  to 
change  without  alteration 
of  value. 

Re-du'gi-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  reduced. 

Re-du€'tion,  «.  Act  of  re- 
ducing; the  changing  of 
numbers  from  one  denomi- 
nation to  another  without 
altering  their  value. 

Re-du-e'tive,  a.  Tending,  or 
having  power,  to  i-educe, 

Re-dun'dange,  n.  Superflu- 
ous quantity  ;  excess. 

Re-dun'dant,a.  Superabun- 
dant; exuberant. 

Re-du'pli-eate,  v.  t.  To  re- 
double ;  to  multiply  ;  to  re- 
peat the  first  letter  or  letters 
of.  [redoubling. 

Re-du'pli-ea'tiorijW.   Actof 

Re-eeh'o,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  echo 
back  again. 

Reed,  n,  A  hollow  jointed 
stalk  ;  a  musical  pipe. 

Reed'y,  a.     Full  of  reeds. 

Reef,  f .  t.  To  draw  in  and  fold 
up,  as  sails.  —  n.  Folded 
portion  of  a  sail ;  a  chain  of 


rock3  lying  at  or  near  the 
surface  of  water. 

Reek,  n.  Steam  ;  vapor ; 
smoke. —  v.  i.  To  send  forth 
steam  or  vapor. 

Reek'y,  a.    Smoky  ;  dark. 

Reel,  n.  A  frame  to  wind  yarn 
or  thread  on  ;  a  dance.  — 
v.  To  wind. on  a  reel;  to 
stagger.  [again. 

Re'-e-lect',   v.   t.      To  elect 

Re'-e-lee'tion,?!.  A  second  or 
repeated  election. 

Re'-em-bark',  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
embark  again.  [anew. 

Re'-e-naet',  v.  t.    To  enact 

Re'-en-aet'ment,  n.  The  re- 
newal of  a  law. 

Re'-en-forge',  v.  t.  To 
strengthen  with  new  force. 

Re'-en-forge'inerit,  n.  Addi- 
tional supply,  particularly 
of  troops  and  ships. 

Re'-en-gage',  v.  t.  Toengage 
a  second  time.  [again. 

Re'-en-Hst',    v.      To   enlist 

Re-en'ter,  v.  t.  To  enter 
again. 

Re-en'trange,  n.  Act  of  en- 
tering again. 

Re'-es-tab'lish,  v.  t.  To  es- 
tablish again. 

Reeve,  v.  t.  To  pass  the  end 
of,  as  of  a  rope,  through  a 
block,  thimble.  &c. 

Re'-ex-am'ine,  V.  t.  To  ex- 
amine again  or  anew. 

Re-fe<i'tion,n.  Refreshment; 
a  simple  repast. 

Re-fee'to-ry,  n.  A  hall  or 
room  for  refreshment. 

Re-fer'(7).  v.  t.  or  »'.  To  fend 
back;  to  direct  attention; 
to  have  recourse. 

Ref'er-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  referred ;  assignable. 

Ref/er-ee'  (18),  n.  One  to 
whom  something  is  referred. 

Ref'er-enge,  n.  Act  of  refer- 
ring; respect;  relation. 

Ref/er-&n'tial,  a.  Containing 
a  reference. 

Re-fer'ri-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  referred ;  referable. 

Re-fine',r.  t.  or  i.  To  clear 
from  impurities  ;  to  polish  ; 
to  purify  ;  to  grow  pure. 

Re-fined',  a.    Freed  from  ex- 


5,  e,  j,  o,  u,  y,  long ;  a,  6, I,  o,  B,  y,  short ;  care, car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm ; 


REFINEMENT 

traneous  matter. — Syn.  Pu- 
rified ;  polished  ;  polite. 

Be-flne'mcnt.  n.  Act  of  re- 
fining ;  polish  of  manners. 

Re-fm'er,  n.  One  who,  or 
that  which,  refines. 

Re-fm'er-y,  n.  A  place  and 
apparatus  for  refining. 

Re-fit',  r.  t.  or  i.     To  repair. 

Re-fle-et',  v.  To  bend  or 
throw  back  ;  to  consider  at- 
tentively ;  to  cast  reproach. 

Ee-fle€'tion(27),  n.  Actof  re- 
flecting; attentive  consider- 
ati  n;  censure;  that  which 
is      "xluced  by  reflecting. 

P°  Jt'ive,  a.  Throwing 
iv  images ;  musing. 

Re-fle-et'or,  n.  That  which 
reflects  ;  a  polished  surface. 

Re'flex,  a.  Directed  back- 
ward ;  retroactive.       [back. 

Ref'lu-enge,  n.     A  flowing 

Re'flux,  n.  A  flowing  back  of 
water ;  ebb. 

Re -form',  v.  t.  To  correct ; 
to  amend.  —  n.  Amend- 
ment ;  reformation. 

Re-form',  v.t.  To  form  anew. 

Ref'or-ma'tion,?!.  Act  of  re- 
forming; amendment. 

Re'for-ma'tion,  n.  Act  of 
forming  anew. 

Re-form'a-to-ry,  a.  Tending 
to  produce  reformation. 

Re-f6rm'er,  n.  One  who  pro- 
motes reform. 

Rc-fra€t',  v.  t.  To  break  the 
direct  course  of. 

Re-fra.€'tion,  ».  Deviation 
from  a  direct  course. 

Re-fraet'ive,  a.  Havingpow- 
er  to  refract.  [nacy. 

Re-frae'to-ri-ness,  n.  Obsti- 

Re-fra€'to-ry,  a.  Perverse ; 
obstinate ;  contumacious. 

R&f'ra-ga-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  refuted  ;  refutable. 

Re-frain',  v.  t.  or  i.  To  ab- 
stain ;  to  forbear.  —  n.  Bur- 
den of  a  song. 

Re-f  ran'gi-bil'i-ty ,  n .  Capa- 
bility  of  being  refracted. 

Re-fran'gi-ble,a.  Capable  of 
being  refracted. 

Re-fr6sh',  r.  t.  To  revive  ;  to 
cool ;  to  relieve.       [cooling. 

Re-frSsh'ing,  a.     Reviving ; 


219 

Re-fresh'ment,  n.  Act  of 
refreshing  ;  that  which  re- 
freshes ;  relief;  rest ;  food. 

Re-frig'er-ate,  v.  t.  To  cool. 

Re-frig'er-a'tion,  k.  A  cool- 
ing ;  abatement  of  heat. 

Re-frig'er-a/tor,  n.  A  tight 
box  for  keeping  things  cool 
by  means  of  ice. 

Re-frig'er-a-to-ry,  a.  Cool- 
ing ;  mitigating  heat. 

R6f'uge,  n.  A  shelter  from 
danger ;  asylum  ;  sanctuary; 
expedient  to  secure  protec- 
tion or  defense. 

Ref'u-gee'  (18),  n.  One  who 
flees  for  safety  to  a  foreign 
power  or  country. 

Re-ful'gencie,  )  n.     A  flood 

Re-ful'gen-Qy,  1      of  light. 

Re-ful'gent,  a.  Casting  a 
bright  light ;  splendid  ;  ra- 
diant, [to  repay. 

Re-fund',  v.  t.    To  pay  back ; 

Re-fu'sal,  n.  Actof  refusing; 
denial;  rejection;  right  of 
choice ;  option. 

Re-fu§e',  v  t.  To  deny  ;  to 
reject.  —  v.  i.  To  decline  to 
accept  some  thing  offered. 

Refuse,  n.  Worthless  re- 
mains.— a.  Rejected  ;  worth- 
less ;  of  no  value,      [futing. 

Ref/u-ta/tion,  n.    Act  of  re- 

Re-fute',  v.  t.    To  prove  false. 

Re-gain',  v.  t.  To  obtain 
again ;  to  recover. 

Re'gal,a.  Royal;  kingly. 

Re-gale',  v.  t.  To  refresh  ;  to 
entertain  delightfully. 

Re-ga'li-a,  n.  pi.  Ensigns  of 
royalty,  as  the  crown,  scep- 
ter, &c. ;  insignia. 

Re-gal'i-ty,  n.    Royalty. 

Re'gal-ly,  adv.  As  befits  a 
sovereign  ;  royally. 

Re-gard',  v.  t.  To  observe  ; 
to  heed  ;  to  esteem.  —  n.  At- 
tention ;  esteem  ;  eminence. 

Re-gard'less,  a.  Heedless  ; 
careless  ;  indifferent. 

Re-gat'ta,  n.  A  rowing 
match ;  a  boat-race. 

Re'gen-cy, »•  Government  by 
a  regent. 

Re-ggn'er-ate,  v.  t.  To  pro- 
duce anew ;  to  renew  as  to 
the  spiritual  nature. 


REGULATION 

Re-gen'er-ate,  a.  Born 
anew  ;  renewed. 

Hfe-gen'er-a'tion,  n.  The 
new  birth  ;  reproduction. 

Re-gen'er-a-tive,a.  Pertain- 
ing to  regeneration. 

Re'gent,  n.  One  who  governs 
in  the  place  of  a  king;  a 
ruler.  —  a.  Ruling. 

Reg'i-cjde,  n.  The  killer  or 
the  killing  of  a  king. 

Regime  (ra-zheem'),n.  Mode 
of  rule  or  management ;  ad- 
ministration. 

Reg'i-men,«.  A  rule  of  diet; 
(  Gram. )  government. 

Reg'i-ment,  n.  A  body  of 
troops  under  a  colonel. 

Reg'i-ment'al,  a.  Belonging 
to  a  regiment. 

Reg'i-ment'al§,  n.  pi.  The 
uniform  of  a  regiment. 

Re'gion  (re/jun),  n.  A  tract 
of  land  ;  a  country. 

Reg'is-ter,  n.  A  catalogue; 
list  ;  record  ;  keeper  of  a 
record  ;  a  sliding  plate  in  a 
stove,  &c. — v.  t.  To  re- 
cord ;  to  enroll. 

Reg'is-trar,  n.  An  officer 
who  keeps  public  records. 

Reg'is-tra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
registering ;  enrollment. 

Reg'is-try,n.  A  registering ; 
record.  [ing. 

Reg'nant,  a.   Reigning  ;  rul- 

Re'gress,  n.  Return  ;  power 
of  returning. 

Re-grgs'sion  (-gresh'un),  n. 
Act  of  passing  back  ;  return. 

Re-gret',  n.  Pain  of  mind  at 
something  causing  unhappi- 
ness;  sorrow  for  the  past. 
—  Syn.  Remorse;  repent- 
ance. —  v.  t.  To  feel  sorrow 
for  ;  to  lament  the  loss  of. 

Reg'u-lar,  a.  Agreeable  to 
rule  ;  stated  ;  orderly  ;  nor- 
mal. —  n.  A  soldier  of  a  per- 
manent or  standing  army. 

RSg'u-lar'i-ty,  n.  Certain 
order  ;  method  ;  uniformity. 

Reg'u-lar-ly,  adv.    Statedly. 

RSg'u-late,  v.  t.  To  adjust  by 
rule,  method,  or  established 
mode ;  to  methodize. 

Rgg'u-la/tion,  v.  Act  of  reg- 
ulating ;  prescribed  rule. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk ;  Qrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  €,  g,  hard;  as. ;  exist ;  q  as  ng  ;  this. 


REGULATOR 


220 


REMEMBRANCE 


Reindeer. 


Rgg'u-la/tor,  n.  He  who,  or 
that  which,  regulates. 

Re-gur'gi-tate,  v.  t.  To 
throw  or  pour  back. 

Re'ha-bil'i-tate,  v.  t.  To  re- 
store to  a  forfeited  right  or 
rank  ;  to  reinstate. 

Re'ha-bil'i-ta'tion,  n.  Res- 
toration to  former  rights. 

Re-hears'al,  n.  Recital;  pre- 
paratory repetition. 

Re-hearse',  v.  t.  To  narrate ; 
to  recite  before  exhibition. 

Reign  (ran),  n.  Royal  author- 
ity or  government ;  preva- 
lence ;  controlling  influence. 

—  v.  i.     To  rule. 

Re'im-burse',  v.  t.  To  repay. 

Re'im-burse'ment,  n.  A  re- 
funding ;  repayment. 

Rein  (ran),  n.  Strap  of  a  bri- 
dle ;  restraint. — v.  t  To 
guide  or  govern  by  a  bridle ; 
to  restrain. 

Rein'deerfran'-), 
n.  An  animal  of 
the  deer  kind. 

Rein§,  n.  pi.  The 
kidneys. 

Re'in-state',  v.  t. 
To  replace  in  possession. 

Re'in-sure'  (-shur'),  v .  t.  To 
injure  by  other  underwrit- 
ers. 

Re-it'er-ate,  1. 1.  To  repeat ; 
to  do  again.  [tion. 

Re-it'er-a'tion,    n.     Repeti- 

Re-je-et',  V.  t  To  cast  off;  to 
discard  ;  to  refuse.         [ing. 

Re-je-e'tion,  n.  Act  of  reject- 

Re-joige',  v.  i.  or  t.  To  be  or 
make  very  glad ;  to  gladden. 

Re-joig'ing,  n.  Expression  of 
joy  ;  exultation.  [again. 

Re-join',  v.  t.  or  i.     To  joiu 

Re  join'der,  n.  An  answer; 
esp.  an  answer  to  a  reply. 

Re-ju've-nate,  v.  t.  To  ren- 
der young  again. 

R^-ju've-nes'genQe,  n.  A 
being  young  again. 

Re-kin'dle,  v.  t.  To  kindle 
again  ;  to  rouse  anew. 

Re-lapse',  v.  i.  To  fall  back  ; 
to  return  to  a  former  state. 

—  n.  A  falling  back. 
Re-late',  v.  t.    To  tell ;  to  re- 
cite.—  v.i.  To  pertain. 

i.e. 


|  Re-la'tion,  n.  Act  of  relat- 
ing; narrative  of  facts;  any 
connection  established  ; 
kindred.  [being  related. 

Re-la'tion-ship,  n.    State  ef 

R61'a-tive,  a.  Having  rela- 
tion ;  respecting  — n.  One 
connected  by  blood  or  affin- 
ity ;  that  which  relates  to 
something  else. 

Rel'a-tive-ly  (10),  adv.  With 
relation  to  something  else. 

Re-lax',  v.  t.  or  i.  To  slack- 
en ;  to  remit  in  severity.- 

Re'lax-a/tion,  n.  A  slacken- 
ing ;  relief  from  laborious  or 
painful  duties. 

Re-lay',  n.  Horses  at  certain 
stations  to  relieve  others.  — 
v.  t    To  lay  again. 

Re-lease',  v.  t.  To  free  from 
restraint  or  obligation ;  to 
let  go,  as  a  legal  claim.  —  n. 
Liberation  from  restraint  of 
any  kind  ;  a  claim. 

Rel'e-gate,  v.  t.  To  consign  ; 
to  remand.  [exile. 

Rel'e-ga'tion,  n.      Removal ; 

Re-lent',  v .  i.  To  become 
more  mild  or  tender. 

Re-lent'less,  a.  Unmoved  by 
pity  ;  insensible  to  distress. 

Rel'e-vange,    )  n.     State  of 

Rel'e-van-gy,  J  being  rele- 
vant ;  pertinence. 

Rel'e-vant,  a.  Pertinent ;  ap- 
plicable. 

Re-h'a-ble,  a.  Suitable  or  fit 
to  be  relied  on  or  trusted. 

Re-H'ange,  n.  Trust ;  depend- 
ence; confidence. 

Rel'le  (5),  n.  Remains  ;  a 
dead  body  ;  a  memorial. 

Rel'ict,  n.  A  widow. 

Re-iief ,  n.  Aid;  alleviation; 
prominence  of  a  figure,  as 
in  sculpture. 

Rfi-lieve',  v.  t.  To  ease  ;  to 
help  ;  to  succor ;  to  aid. 

Re-lie'vo,  n.  Prominence  or 
projection  of  figures  in  sculp- 
ture or  painting. 

Re-lig'ion  (-lTj'un),».  A  sys- 
tem of  faith  and  worship ; 
pious  practice  ;  piety. 

Re-lig'ion-ist  (-lij'un-),  n.  A 
bigot  or  devotee. 

Re-ilg'iousHIj'usJ.a.  Pious 


godly  ;  devotional ;  pertain- 
ing to  religion. 

Re-iig'ious-ly  (-llj'us-),  adv. 
Piously  ;  sacredly  ;   exactly. 

Re-lin'quish  (-link' wish),  v. 
t.  To  withdraw  from  ;  to 
give  up  ;  to  resign  ;  to  re- 
nounce ;  to  abandon  ;  to 
quit.  [of  relinquishing. 

Re-lin'quish-ment,   n.    Act 

Rel'i-qua-ry,  n.  A  small 
chest,  box,  or  casket,  in 
which  relics  are  kept. 

Rel'ish,  n.  A  pleasing  taste  ; 
flavor.  — v.  t.  To  give  flavor 
to.  —  v.  i.  To  have  a  pleas- 
ant flavor. 

Re-lu-e'tange,n.  Unwilling- 
ness ;  aversion ;  repugnance. 

Re-live'tant,  a.  Averse  ;  un- 
willing ;  loth  ;  disinclined  ; 
granted  unwillingly. 

Re-lu-e'tant-ly,  adv.  With 
unwillingness.  [fide. 

Rely',  v.  i.     To  rest  or  con- 

Re-made',  imp.  &  p.  p.  of 
Remake. 

Re-main',  v.  i.  To  continue; 
to  be  left.  [left. 

Re-main'der,  n.    Any  thing 

Re-mains',  n.  pi.  What  is 
left ;  relics. 

Re-mand',  v.t.  To  send  or 
call  back  ;  to  recommit. 

Re-mark',  n.  An  observa- 
tion ;  notice  ;  mention  ;  com- 
ment. —  v.  t.  To  observe ; 
to  note  ;  to  express  in  words. 

Re-mark'a-ble,  a.  Worthy 
of  note ;  wonderful. 

Re-mark'a-bly,  adv.  In  an 
unusual  manner. 

Re-me'di-a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  remedy  ;  curable. 

Re-me'di-al,  a.  Affording,  or 
designed  to  afford,  a  remedy. 

Re-med'i-less,  or  RSm'i-di- 
less,  a.  Admitting  no  cure. 

Rgm'e-dy  (19),  n.  That  which 
is  adapted  to  cure,  or  which 
counteracts  an  evil. — v.t. 
To  cure  ;  to  restore  to  sound- 
ness, health,  &c. ;  to  repair. 

Re-mSm'ber,  v.  t.  To  have 
or  keep  in  mind  ;  to  call  to 
mind ;  to  recollect. 

Re-m6m'brange,  n.  Reten- 
tion in  mind ;  recollection. 


u,y,  Ions;  *|Sf*»  8|  ^i^i  short;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what;  Gre,  veil,  term;  pique,  firm; 


REMEMBRANCER 

Re-mgm'bran-ger,  n.  One 
who,  or  that  which,  re- 
minds ;  a  memento. 

Re-mind',  v.  t.  To  put  in 
mind  or  remembrance. 

Rem'i-nis'Qenc^Vf.  Recollec- 
tion ;  remembered  incidents. 

Re-miss',  a.  Slack  ;  negli- 
gent, [being  remitted. 

Re-mis'si-ble,  a.  Capable  of 

Re-mis'sion  (-mish'un),  n. 
Pardon  ;  discharge  from 
what  is  due  ;  diminution  of 
intensity. 

Re-  "uss'ly,  adv.  Negligently. 

Rp      :SS'ness,  n.  Negligence. 

'.  Alt',  v.  t.  To  send,  as 
money  ;  to  give  up  ;  to  re- 
sign. —  v.  i.  To  abate  in 
force  or  violence  ;  to  relax. 

Re-mit'tal,  n.  A  giving  back. 

Re-mit'tance,  n.  Act  of 
transmitting  money  in  pay- 
ment ;  sum  transmitted. 

Re-mit'tent,  a.  Temporarily 
ceasing  or  abating. 

Rem'nant,  n.  What  is  left; 
residue ;  remainder. 

Re-mod'el,  v.  t.  To  model 
anew. 

Re-mSn'strange,  n.  Expos- 
tulation ;  earnest  advice. 

Re-m6n'strant,  n.  One  who 
remonstrates. 

Re-mSn'strate,  v.  i.  To  urge 
reasons  against. — Syn.  To 
expostulate. 

Re-morse',  n.  Pain  of  con- 
science proceeding  from  a 
sense  of  guilt. 

Re-morse'ful,  a.  Full  of  a 
sense  of  guilt.  [cruel. 

Re-morse'less,  a.     Pitiless; 

Re-mote',  a.  Distant  in 
place  or  time ;  foreign. 

Re-mote'ly,  adv.  At  a  dis- 
tance in  time  or  place,  &c. 

Re-mote'ncss  (10),  n.  State 
of  being  remote ;  distance. 

Re-mount',  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
mount  again  ;  to  reascend. 

Re-mpv'a-ble,  a.  Admitting 
of  being  removed. 

Re-mpv'al,  n.  Act  of  remov- 
ing from  a  place. 

Re-move',  v.  To  change 
place ,  to  move.  —  n.  Change 
of  place  ;  interval;  distance 


221 

Re-rmYner-ate,  ••  t.  To  rec- 
ompense ;  to  repay. 

Re-mu/ner-a'tion,  n.  Re- 
ward ;  recompense. 

Re-mu'ner-a/tlveja.  Afford- 
ing reward.  [kidneys. 

Re'nal,  a.     Pertaining  to  the 

Ren'ard,  n.    A  fox. 

Re-nas'gent,  a.  Growing 
again ;  reproduced. 

Ren-eoun'ter,  ».  A  sudden 
or  casual  combat ;  clash.  — 
v.  t.  or  i.  To  meet ;  to  clash. 

RSnd,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
RENT.]  To  fplit;  to  tear 
asunder ;  to  break ;  to  lacer- 
ate ;  to  rupture. 

Ren'der  (8),  v.  t.  To  return ; 
to  give  up. 

Ren'der-ing,  n.  Act  of  re- 
turning; a  version. 

Ren'dez-vpus  (ren'dc-vcro), 
n.  A  place  of  meeting  ;  a 
meeting  appointed. — v.  i. 
or  t.  To  assemble,  as  troops. 

Ren-di'tion  ( -dish'  u  n ) ,  n .  Act 
of  giving  up;  surrender. 

Ren'e-gade,   1  n.    One  faith- 

Ren'e-ga'do,  I  less  to  princi- 
ple ;  an  apostate  ;  a  deserter. 

Re-new',  v.  t.  To  make  new 
or  as  good  as  new;  to  re- 
peat ;  to  furnish  again. 

Re-new'a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  renewed. 

Re-new'al,  n.  Act  of  renew- 
ing ;  that  which  is  renewed. 

Re-new'ed-ly,  adv.     Anew. 

Ren'net,«.  Inner  membrane 
of  a  calf's  stomach,  used  to 
coagulate  milk. 

Re-nounge',  v.  t.  To  disown ; 
to  cast  off  formally. 

Re-nounge'ment,  n.    Act  of 

^renouncing ;  renunciation. 

Rgn'o-vate_,t'.  t.    To  renew. 

Ren/o-va'tion,  n.     Renewal. 

Re-nown',  n.  Fame  ;  celeb- 
rity; exalted  reputation. 

Re-nowned',  a.  Famous  ; 
celebrated :  distinguished. 

Rent,  imp.  of  Rend.  Torn 
asunder.  —  n.  A  fissure  or 
laceration  ;  money  paid  for 
lease  of  property.  —  v.  t.  To 
lease,  as  lands,  &c.     [rents. 

Rent'al,  n.      An  account  of 

Re-nun'ci-a'tion       (-shi 


REPINE 

shun),n  Act  of  renouncing; 
renouncement. 

Re-or'gan-i-za'tion,  n.  Or- 
ganization anew. 

Re-6r'gan-ize,  v.  t.  To  or- 
ganize anew. 

Re-paid'  (14),  imp.  of  Repay. 

Re-pair',  v.  t.  To  mend;  to 
refit.  —  v.  i.  To  go  ;  to  re- 
sort. —  n.  Reparation  ;  sup- 
ply of  loss. 

Rep'a-ra'tion,  n.  Restitu- 
tion ;  amends.  [reply. 

Rep'ar-tee'  (18),  n.    A  smart 

Re-pass',  v.  To  pass  again. 

Re-past',  n.     A  meal ;  food. 

Re-pay',  t*.  t.  To  pay  back. 

Re-pay'ment,  n.  Act  of  re- 
paying ;  thing  repaid. 

Re-peal',  V.  t.  To  make  void. 
—  Syn.  To  revoke;  annul; 
abrogate.  —  n.   Abrogation. 

Re-peal'er,  n.  One  who  re- 
peals, or  desires  repeal. 

Re-peat',  v.  t.  To  do  again  ; 
to  reiterate.  —  n.  Repeti- 
tion ;  that  which  is,  or  is  to 
be,  repeated. 

Re-peat'ed-ly,  adv.  With 
repetition;  frequently. 

Re-peat'er,  n .  One  who  re- 
peats ;  a  watch  that  strikes 
the  hours.  [resist. 

Re-pel' ,  v .  t .  To  drive  back ;  to 

Re-pel'len-gy,  n.  Quality 
that  repels.  [repel. 

Re-pel'lent,  a.     Tending  to 

Re-pent',  v.  i.  To  frel  sor- 
row for  something  done. 

Re-p5nt'ange,  n.  Sorrow  for 
sins  ;  penitence  :  contrition. 

Re-pent 'ant,  a.  Sorrowful  for 
sin  ;  contrite. 

Re-peo'ple,  v.  t.  To  supply 
anew  with  inhabitants. 

Re'per-eus'sion  (-kush'un), 
n.  Act  of  driving  back  ;  re- 
bound ;  reverberation. 

Rep'er-to-ry,  n.  A  book  of 
records ;  a  magazine. 

Rep'e-tend',  n.  That  part 
of  a  repeating  decimal  which 
recurs  continually. 

Rep'e-ti'tion  (-tish'un),  n. 
Act  of  repeating  :  iteration. 

Rep'e-ti'tioiis  (-tlsh'us),  a. 
Containing  repetition. 

Re-pine',  v.  i.    To  indulge  in 


86n,  6r,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk ;  urn,  rye,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  €,  g,  luird;  a^  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this, 


REPLACE 


222 


RESCISSION 


envy  or  complaint ;  to  com- 
plain ;  to  murmur. 

Re-place',  v.  t.  To  put  again 
in  its  place  ;  to  substitute. 

Re-plen'ish,  v.  t.  To  fill 
again  ;  to  supply  ;  to  stock. 

Re-plete',  a.   lull  to  excess. 

Re-ple'tion,  n.  Superabun- 
dant fullness. 

Re-plev'i-a-ble,    )  a.    Capa- 

Re-plev'i-§a-ble, J  ble  of 
being  replevied. 

Re-plev'in,  n.  A  writ  to  re- 
cover goods  distrained. 

Re-plSv'y,  v.  t.  To  set  at 
liberty  on  security  ;  to  bail. 

RSp'li-eant,  n.  One  who  re- 
plies. 

Rep'li-ea'tion,  n.  A  plaint- 
iff's reply  to  a  defendant's 
plea. 

Re-ply',  v.  i.  To  answer ;  to 
respond  ;  to  rejoin.  —  n.  Re- 
turn in  words. 

Re-port',  v.  t.  To  bring  back 
as  an  answer  ;  to  relate  ;  to 
tell. — v.  i.  To  circulate 
publicly.  —  n.  Account  re- 
turned ;  rumor ;  loud  sound, 
as  of  a  gun.  [ports. 

Re-port'er,  n.    One  who  re- 

R,e-po§e',  v.  i.  To  rest  ;  to 
sleep  ;  to  lie  quiet.  —  v.  t. 
To  lay  at  rest ;  to  place  in 
confidence. 

Re-pos'it,  v.  t.  To  lodge  or 
lay  up  for  safety. 

Re-pos'i-to-ry,  n.  A  place 
where  things  are  stored. 

Re'pos-sess'  (or  -poz-zeV),  v. 
t.    To  possess  again. 

Re'pos-sgs'sion  (-pos-sgsh'- 
un  or  -poz-zesh'un),  n.  Act 
or  state  of  possessing  again. 

Rep're-hend',  t\  t.  To  blame. 

Rep're-hen'si-ble,  a.  De- 
serving of  censure ;  censura- 
ble ;  blameworthy. 

Rep're-hen'sion,  n.  Reproof ; 
censure;  open  blame. 

Rep;'re-hen'sive,  a.  Con- 
taining reproof  or  censure. 

Rep're-^ent',  v.  t.  To  show  ; 
to  exhibit ;  to  delineate  ;  to 
personate. 

Rcp're-sen-ta'tion,  n.  Act 
of  representing  :  thing  rep- 
resented ;  likeness  :  descrip- 


tion ;  statement ;  exhibition ; 
appearance  for  another  ;  a 
body  of  representatives. 

Rep're-sent'a-tive,  a.  Fit- 
ted to  represent ;  exhibiting 
likeness.  —  n.  One  acting 
for  another  ;  a  deputy. 

Re-press',  v.  t.  To  put  down  ; 
to  subdue  ;  to  crush. 

Re-pres'sion  (-presh'un),  n. 
Act  of  repressing,     [repress. 

Re-press'ive,  a.    Tending  to 

Re-prieve',  v.  t.  To  respite 
for  a  time.  —  n.  Suspension 
of  the  execution  of  a  sen- 
tence ;  respite. 

Rep'ri-mand,  n.  Reproof 
for  a  fault. —  v.  t.  To  chide  ; 
to  reprove  ;  to  rebuke. 

Re-print',  v.  t.  To  print  a 
new  edition  of,  especially  in 
another  country.  [sion. 

Re'print,  n.     A  new  impres- 

Re-prl'sal,  n.  Seizure  by  way 
of  retaliation. 

Re-proach',  v.  t.  To  accuse  ; 
to  blame  ;  to  upbraid.  —  n. 
Censure  in  opprobrious 
terms ;  invective.       [brious. 

Re-proach'ful  (17),  a.  Oppro- 

Rep'ro-bate,'  a.  Lost  to 
virtue  ;  base  ;  depraved.  — 
n.    One  abandoned  to  sin. 

Rep'ro-bate,  v.  t.  To  disap- 
prove with  detestation  ;  to 
condemn.  [nation. 

Rep'ro-ba'tion,  n.    Condem- 

Re'pro-duc.e',  v.  t.  To  pro- 
duce anew. 

Re'pro-du-e'tion,  n.  Act  or 
process  of  producing  anew  ; 
thing  reproduced. 

Re'pro-due'tive.a.  Pertain- 
ing to  reproduction. 

Re-prdbf,  n.  Censure  ex- 
pressed ;  rebuke. . 

Re-prpv'al  (11),  «.'  Reproof. 

Re-prove',  v.  t.  To  censure 
to  the  face.  —  SVN.  To  re- 
buke;  reprimand  ;  blame. 

Rep'tile,  a  Creeping ;  grovel- 
ing ;  low  ;  vulgar.  —  n.  A 
creeping  animal. 

Re-pub'li-e  (5),  ».  A  state 
governed  by  representatives 
elected  by  the  citizens. 

Re-pub'li€-an,  a.  Pertaining 
or  consistent  with,  a  re- 


it,  e,  I,  o,  u,y,  long;  a,e,  I,  6,  u,y,  short;  care, car,  ask, 


public.  —  n.  One  who  fa- 
vors or  prefers  a  republic. 

Re-pub'lie-an-ism,  n.  Sys- 
tem of  republican  govern- 
ment. 

Re-pub'li-ea/tion,  n.  A  new 
publication  ;  a  reprint. 

Re-pub'lish,  v.  t.  To  publish 
anew,  or  hi  another  countrv. 

Re-pu'di-ate,  v.  t.  To  di- 
vorce ;  to  reject  ;  to  dis- 
claim. 

Re-pu'di-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
disclaiming ;  divorce. 

Re-pu'di-a/tor,  n.  One  who 
repudiates. 

Re-pug'nanc,e,    )  n.   Unwill- 

Re-pug'nan-cy, J       ingr.css. 

Re-pug'nant,  a.  Unwilling; 
inconsistent ;  averse. 

Re-pulse',  n.  A  check  in 
advancing;  refusal. —  v.  t. 
To  repel ;  to  drive  off. 

Re-pul'sion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
pelling or  driving  back. 

Re-pxil'sive,  a.  Forbidding; 
cold  ;  reserved. 

Rep'u-ta-ble,  a.  Of  good  re- 
pute ;  respectable. 

Rep'u-ta'ticn,  n.  General  es- 
timation ;  credit ;  honor  de- 
rived from  public  esteem. 

Re-pute',  t\  t.  To  hold  in 
estimation  ;  to  account.  — 
n    Reputation. 

Ee-put'ed,  a.    Reckoned. 

Re-quest',  n.  Expression  of 
desire;  petition  ;  state  of  be- 
ing desired.  —  v.  I.  To  ask. 

Re'qui-em,  n.  A  hymn  or 
mass  sung  for  the  drad. 

Re-quire',  *.  t.  To  mnko 
necessary  ;  to  need  ;  to  de- 
mand ;  to  ask  as  a  right. 

Re-qulre'ment  (10),  v.  De- 
mand :  thing  required. 

Req'ui-site  (rek'wi-zit),  a. 
Required:  necessary.  —  n. 
That  which  is  necessary. 

Req'ui-si'tion  (rtk'wi-zTsh'- 
ni:),  n.  Act  of  requiring  ; 
claim  made  ;  demand. 

Ee-qmt'al,  v.  Recompense. 
I  Re-qulte',  v.  t.  To  reconi- 
|      pense  ;  to  retaliate. 

Re-scmd',  v.  t.  To  repeal ; 
to  abrogate  ;  to  revoke. 

Re-scfs'sion     (-slzh'un),    n. 


,  wha.t ;  ere,  veil,  t<5rm  ;  pique,  ITrm  : 


RESCRIPT 


223 


RESTORATIVE 


Act  of  rescinding ;  abroga- 
tion. 

Re's-eript,  n.  Edict  or  de- 
cree of  an  emperor. 

Ees'eue,  v.  t.  To  deliver 
from  danger  or  confinement ; 
to  set  free.  —  n.  Deliverance 
from  arrest  or  danger. 

Re-search',  ft.  Diligent  in- 
quiry ;  investigation. 

Re-gSm/blange,  n.  Likeness. 

Re-s.§m'ble,  v.  t.    To  bo  like. 

Re-f'3nt',  v .  t.  To  be  angry 
at'    to  express  anger  at. 

Hz  lt'ful  (17),  a.  Apt  to 
mt ;  easily  provoked. 

Ee-sSnt'ment,  n.  Sense  of 
injury  ;  displeasure. 

Res/er-va/tion,  ft.  Act  of  re- 
serving; a  proviso. 

Re-§erve',  v.  t.  To  keep  in 
store ;  to  retain.  —  n.  That 
which  is  reserved  ;  restraint 
in  manner  or  words. 

Re-served',  a.  Not  frank  ; 
cautious  ;  restrained  ;  cold. 

Re-serv'ed-ly,  adv.  With 
reserve ;  coldly. 

Res'er-voir'  ( reVer-vwor' ) ,  n. 
A" large  cistern  or  basin. 

Re-set',  D-  t.  To  set  again,  as 
a  jewel  or  plant. 

Re-set'tle,  v.  t.  To  settle  or 
install  again. 

Re-set'tle-ment,  n.  Act  of 
settling  again. 

Re-ship', 'v.  t.  To  ship  again, 
as  what  has  been  imported. 

Re-ship'ment,  ft.  Act  of 
reshipping ;  re-exportation. 

Re-sjde',  v.  i.  To  dwell ;  to 
live ;  to  have  one's  abode. 

Res'i-denge,  ft.  A  place  of 
abode ;  dwelling. 

R§§'i-dent,  a.  Dwelling  ;  liv- 
ing. — 'n.    One  who  dwells. 

Res/i-den'ti-a-ry  (-sat-),  a. 
Having  residence ;  residing. 

Re-sid'u-al,  a.  Remaining 
after  a  part  is  taken. 

Re-sid'u-a-ry,  a.  Entitled  or 
pertaining  to  the  residue. 

Res/i-due,  n.  Remainder,  or 
what  is  left ;  rest. 

Re-sid'u-um.  ».  That  which 
remains  ;  residue. 

Re-sign'  (-zlu'),  v.  t.  Togive 
up  in  a  formal  manner. 


Res/ig-na'tion,  n.  Act  of 
resigning ;  quiet  submission. 

Re-signed'  (-and'),  p.  a. 
Submissive ;  yielding. 

Re-sil'i-enge,  n.  A  recoil. 

Re-sil'i-etlt,  a.  Leaping  back. 

Res'in,  n.  An  inflammable 
substance  from  the  pine, 
&c.  [or  like,  resin. 

Res'in-ous,  a.     Containing, 

Re-sist',  v.  t.  To  act  in  op- 
position to ;  to  withstand. 

Re-sist'ange,  n.  Act  of  re- 
sisting ;  opposition. 

Re-§ist'less,  a.  Not  to  be 
withstood ;  irresistible. 

Res'o-lu-ble,  a.  Admitting  of 
being  resolved  or  melted. 

Re§'o-lute,  a.  Firm  to  one's 
purpose;  determined;  firm. 

Re§'o-lute-ly,  adv.  With 
steadiness  and  courage. 

Res/o-lu'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
solving ;  firmness  of  pur- 
pose ;  formal  declaration. 

Re-solv'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  resolved. 

Re-solve',  v.- 1.  To  separate 
into  component  parts  ;  to 
analyze.  —  v.  i.  To  deter- 
mine. —  n.  Fixed  purpose. 

Re-s51v'ent,  ft.  That  which 
causes  solution. 

Rss'o-nanQe,  n.  A  reverbera- 
tion of  sound  or  sounds. 

Re§'o-nant,  a.    Resounding. 

Re-§6rt',  v.  i.  To  have  re- 
course ;  to  repair  ;  to  go.  — 
it.  Concourse  of  people  ;  as- 
sembly ;  place  of  habitual 
meeting ;  a  haunt. 

Re-sound',  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
sound  back ;  to  echo ;  to  re- 
verberate ;  to  celebrate. 

Re-sourge',  n.  Means  of  sup- 
ply ;  resort ;  expedient. 

Re-spe-et',   v.   t.    To  regard 

with  esteem  ;  to  honor  ;  to 

j      relate  to.  —  n.     Regard  for 

worth  ;  relation  ;  reference. 
I  Re-spe-et'a-bii'i-ty,  n.  Qual- 
j      ity  of  deserving  respect. 
,  Re-spe-et'a-ble,  a.     Worthy 
j      of  respect ;  deserving  regard. 
:  Re-spe€t'a-bly,  adv.    So  as 
i      to  merit  respect. 
!  Re-spe-et'ed,  a.  Held  in  high 
i      estimation. 


Re-spe-et'ful,  a.  Full  of  re- 
spect, [due  respect. 

Re-spe-ct'ful-ly,  adv.    With 

Re-spe-ct'ive,  a.  Having  re- 
lation to ;  particular. 

Re-spe€t'ive-ly,  adv.  As  re- 
lating to  each. 

Re-spir'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being,  or  fit  to  be,  breathed. 

Res/pi-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
breathing,    [for  respiration. 

Res-plr'a-to-ry,  a.    Serving 

Re-spire',  v .    To  breathe. 

Res'pite,  n.  Delay  ;  suspen- 
sion of  punishment  ;  re- 
prieve. —  v.t.  To  suspend 
execution  of;  to  delay. 

Re-splen'denge,  n.  Brilliant 
luster;  splendor. 

Re-splen'dent,  a.  Bright  ; 
splendid  ;  shining. 

Re-sp6nd',  v.  i.  To  answer  ; 
to  reply  ;  to  rejoin. 

Re-sp6nd'ent,  n.  One  who 
responds  ;  an  answerer  in  an 
action  at  law.  —  a.  Answer- 
ing ;  accordant.  [ply- 

Re-sponse',  ft.     Answer;   re- 

Re-spon'si-bil'i-ty,  n.  Lia- 
bility to  answer  or  pay. 

Re-spon'si-ble,  a.  Liable  to 
account.  —  Syn.  Account- 
able ;  answerable. 

Re-sp6n'sive,  a.  Answering. 

Rest,  ft.  Quiet ;  peace  ;  re- 
pose ;  sleep  ;  ease  ;  a  pause  ; 
a  support ;  that  which  is 
left.  — v.  ?'.  To  be  quiet  ;  to 
sleep  ;  to  lean  or  rely. — v.  t. 
To  place. 

Res'tau-rant  (-to-),  n.  An 
eating-house. 

Res-tau'ra-teur'  (-to7-),  n. 
Keeper  of  an  eating-house. 

Rest'iff,    ^  a  Unwilling  to  go, 

Rest'ive,  j  or  only  running 
back ;  stubborn. 

ReVti-tu'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
storing; indemnification. 

Rest'ive-ness,  n.  Obstinate 
reluctance  to  move. 

Rest'less,  a.  Void  of  rest ; 
unsettled ;  unquiet. 

Re-stor'a-ble,  a.  Admitting 
of  being  restored. 

Res'to-ra'tion,  n.  Renewal ; 
recovery. 

Re-stor'a-tive,a.  Tending  to 


son,  or,  do;,  wolf,  to~o,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  p,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  a*  ;  epst ;  u  as  ng ;  this. 


RESTORE 


224 


REVEREND 


restore.  —  n.  That  which 
restores.  [to  heal. 

Re-store',  v.  t.  To  give  back  ; 

Re-strain',  v.  t.  To  check  ; 
to  repress  ;  to  hold  back. 

Re-straint',  n.  That  which 
restrains  ;  a  hindering  ; 
check;  restriction. 

Re-stri€t',  v.  t.  To  limit ;  to 
restrain  ;  to  confine. 

Re-stri-e'tion,n.   Limitation. 

Restri€t'ive,«.  Restraining, 

Re-sult',  v.  i.  To  proceed  or 
spring  as  a  consequence. — 
n.  Conclusion  to  which  any 
course  leads ;  effect. 

Re-§ume',  v.  t.  To  take  back; 
to  begin  again  after  inter- 
ruption. 

R6sum6  (ra/zu-mii'),  n.  A 
summing  up  ;  summary. 

Re-§ump'tion,rc.  Act  of  re- 
suming, or  taking  again. 

Res/ur-rec'tion,  n.  A  rising 
again  ;  revival  from  the 
grave  ;  the  future  state. 

Re-sus'Qi-tate,  v.  t.  To  re- 
vive ;  to  bring  to  life  again. 

Re-sus'gi-ta'tion ,  n .  Act  of 
resuscitating. 

Re-tail',  V.  t.  To  sell  in  small 
quantities.  [quantities. 

Re'tail,    n.     '  Sale    in    small 

Re-tail'er,  or  Re'tail-er,  n. 
One  who  sells  at  retail. 

Re-tain',  v.  t.  To  keep  in  pos- 
session or  in  pay. 

Re-tain'er,  n.  One  who  re- 
tains ;  a  dependent ;  a  fee  to 
engage  counsel. 

Retake',  v.  t.  To  take  again. 

Re-tal'i-ate,  v.  i.  To  return 
like  for  like. 

Re-taVi-a'tion,  n.  Return  of 
like  for  like;  reprisal. 

Re-tal'i-a-tive,    i  a.     Giving 

Re-tal'i-a-to-ry, )  like  for 
like ;  involving  retaliation. 

Re-tard',  v.  t.  To  diminish 
the  speed  of;  to  delay;  to 
hinder  ;  to  impede. 

Retch,  v,  i.  To  make  an  effort 
to  vomit.  [ing. 

Re-ten'tion,n.  Actofretain- 

Re-ten'tive,  a.  Having  power 
to  retain. 

Re-ten'tive-ness,  n.  Power  of 
retainin 


Re-ti-e'u-lar,  a.  Having  the 
form  of  a  net. 

Re-ti-e'u-late,     )  a.  Made  of, 

Re-tie'u-lat'ed, )  or  resem- 
bling, net-work.  [work. 

Re-ti-e'u-la'tion,    n.       Net- 

Ret'i-€ule,  n.  A  little  bag 
of  net-work. 

Ret'i-na,  n.  Internal  ner- 
vous tissue  of  the  eye,  which 
receives  the  impression  re- 
sulting in  the  sense  of  vision. 

Ret'i-nue,  n.  A  suite  or  train 
of  attendants.      [withdraw. 

Re-tire',  t>.    To  retreat;    to 

Re-tired',  a.     Withdrawn. 

Re-tlre'ment  ( 10),  n.  Act  of 
living  in  seclusion  ;  privacy. 

Re-tort',  n.  Censure  returned; 
repartee  ;  a  chemical  vessel. 
—  v.  t.  To  throwback;  to 
return.        [by  new  touches. 

Re-touch',  v.  t.    To  improve 

Re-trage',  v.  t.  To  trace  back. 

Re-traet',  v.t.  To  take  back ; 
to  recall.  —  v.  i.  To  take 
back  what  has  been  said. 

Re-tra-ct'ile,  a.  Capable  of 
being  retracted,  or  drawn 
back. 

Re-tra-c'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
tracting ;  recantation. 

Re-treat',  n.  A  retiring  ;  a 
place  of  privacy.  —  v.  i.  To 
withdraw ;  to  go  back. 

Re-trench',  v.  I.  To  lessen  ; 
to  curtail,  as  expenses. 

Re-trench'ment,  n.  Act  of 
retrenching. 

Ret'ri-bu'tion,  n.  Reward; 
repayment;  requital. 

Re-trib'u-tive,    I  a.  Reward- 

Re-trib'u-to-ry, )  ing  or 
punishing. 

Re-triev'a-ble,a.  Capable  of 
being  retrieved. 

Re-trieve',  v'.  t.  To  recover ; 
to  regain  ;  to  repair. 

Re'tro-ae'tion  (or  ret'ro-),  n. 
Action  in  return. 

Re'tro-cede  (or  re  fro-),  v.  t. 
To  cede  or  grant  back. 

Re'tro-cfis'sion  (or  rSt'ro- 
sesh'un),  n.  Act  of  going 
back  or  of  ceding  b.ick. 

Ret'ro-grade  {or  rc'tro-),  a. 
Going  backward. — v,  i.  To 
go  backward. 


Re'tro-gres'sion  {or  rgt'ro- 
gresh'un),  n.  Act  of  going 
backward. 

Re'tro-spe-et,  or  Ret'ro- 
speet,  n.  A  looking  back 
on  things  past. 

Re'tro-spe-e'tion  {or  ret'ro-), 
n.     A  looking  back  ;  review. 

Re'tro-spe-et'i've  (or  ret'ro-), 
a.  Looking  back. 

Re-tiirn'  (8),t\  t.  To  come  or 
go  back.  —  v.  t.  To  send  or 
give  back  ;  to  repay.  —  n.  A 
going  or  giving  back  ;  re- 
lapse ,  profit  of  business  ; 
restitution. 

Re-turn 'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  returned. 

Re-un'ion  (-yun'yun),  n.  Acts 
of  reuniting  ;  a  second  un- 
ion ;  a  meeting  of  associates. 

Re'u-nlte',  r.  t.  or/.  To  unite 
again,  as  things  disjoined. 

Re-veal',  v.  t.  To  make 
known ;  to  divulge. 

Re-veil'le  (re-val'ye),  n.  The 
morning  beat  of  drum. 

Rev'el  (8),  v.  i.  To  feast  riot- 
ously ;  to  carouse.  —  n.  A 
riotous  feast ;  a  carousal. 

Rev'e-la'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
vealing, or  disclosing  ;  di- 
vine communication. 

Rev'el-ry,  h.  Act  of  revel- 
ing; riotous  feast ;  a  carouse. 

Re-venge',  n.  Malicious  re- 
turn of  injury ;  disposition 
to  revenge.  —  v.t.  To  inflict 
pain  or  injury  upon  for  in- 
jury received. 

Re-vSnge'ful,  a.  Disposed  to 
revenge;  vindictive. 

Rev'e-niie  (18),  n.  Income  of 
a  state  or  prince.  [ing. 

Re-ver'ber-ant.a    Resound- 

Re-ver'ber-ate«\  t.  or  i.  To 
resound ;  to  e|o. 

Re-veVber-a'tiln.n.  Act  of 
reverberating.  • 

Re-ver'bcr-a-to-ry,  a.  Eeat- 
ingor  driving  back. 

Re-vere',  v.  t.  To  regard  with 
fear  and  respect. 

Rev'er-enge,  n.  Veneration; 
very  great  respect. — v.  t. 
To  regard  with  reverence. 

R6v'er-end,«.  Deserving  rev- 
erence ;  a  title  of  clergymen. 


5,  u,  y ,  long !  2,  C,  *>  Oj  Q;  ft  short ;  cire,  c:ir,ask,  all,  what ;  Ore,  veil,  term ;  p'.'que,  firm 


REVERENT 


225 


RICH 


Rev'er-ent,        )  a.  Express- 

Rev'er-en'tial,  j  ing  rev- 
ence ;  submissive. 

Rev'er-ie',  I  n.  Loose  ;  irreg- 

Rev'er-y,  J  ular  train  of 
thought.  [opposite. 

Re-ver'sal,  n.   Change  to  the 

He-verse',  v.  t.  To  change 
from  one  position  to  the  op- 
posite ;  to  make  void.  — 
n.  Opposite  side;  change; 
adversity  ;  vicissitude.  —  a. 
TuKTed  backward. 

Re-v/  -'si-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
be'       reversed. 

Rt  .'sion,  n.  The  return 
of  an  estate  to  the  grantor 
or  his  heirs  ;  succession. 

Re-ver'sion-a-ry,a.  Pertain- 
ing to, or  involving,  a  rever- 
sion, [fall  back. 

Re-vert',  v.  i.   To  return ;  to 

Re-view'  (-vu'),  v.  t.  To  con- 
sider again;  to  inspect;  to 
examine  ;  to  survey.  —  n. 
Careful  examination  ;  re- 
vision ;  criticism ;  inspection 
of  troops  ;  a  periodical  pub- 
lication containing  criti- 
cisms on  books,  &c. 

Re-view'er,  n.  One  who  re- 
views ;  an  inspector. 

Re-vile',  v.  t.  To  treat  with 
abusive  language  ;  to  vilify. 

Re-vl'sal(ll),  )    n 

Re-vis/iori  (-vTzh'un),  ]  Act 
of  revising  or  reviewing. 

Re-vise'(31),r-.  t.  To  exam- 
ine with  care  for  correction ; 
to  review. — n.  A  second 
proof-sheet. 

Re-vJs'it,  v.  t.  To  visit  again. 

Re-vrso-ry,  a.  llaving  power 
to  revise. 

Rs-vI'val  (llLn.  Act  of  re- 
viving ;  reti»n  to  life ;  a  re- 
ligious awamniug. 

Re-vi'val-istjin.  One  who 
promotes  revivals. 

Re-vive',  v.t.  To  restore  or 
bring  to  life ;  to  renew  ;  to 
re-animate. — v.  i.  To  re- 
cover life  and  vigor. 

Re-viv'i-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Act 
of  returning  to  life ;  resusci- 
tation. 

Re-viv'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  recall  to 
life. 


ReVe-ca-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  recalled. 

Rev'o-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of  re- 
voking or  recalling ;  repeal 

Re-voke',  v.  t.  To  recall  or 
repeal ;  to  reverse. 

Re- volt',  or  Re-v61t' ,  v .  1 .  To 
renounce  allegiance ;  to  be 
shocked.  —  n.  Renunciation 
of  allegiance  ;  desertion  ;  re- 
bellion. 

Rev'o-lu'tion,  n.  Motion 
round  a  center ;  rotation  ;  a 
great  change  in  the  govern- 
ment of  a  country. 

Re\T/c~lu'tion-a-ry,  a  Per- 
taining to,  or  producing, 
great  change. 

Rev'o-lu'tion-ist,  n.  One  who 
favors  a  revolution. 

Rev'o-lu'tion-ize,  v.t  To  ef- 
fect a  complete  change  in,  as 
to  government  or  principles 

Re-volve',  v  i  To  move 
round.  —  v  t  To  turn  in 
the  mind  ;  to  consider 

Re-vul'sion,  n.  A  turning 
back ;  marked  repugnance 
or  hostility. 

Re-viil'sive,  a.  Having  the 
power  of  revulsion. 

Re-ward',  v.t  To  recom- 
pense ;  to  repay. — n.  Recom- 
pense; requital ;  pay. 

Re-write'  (-rtf),  v  t  To 
write  a  second  time  or  again. 

Rhap-sod'ie-al  (rap-),  a. 
Consisting  in  rhapsody , 
wild  ;  unconnected. 

Rhap'so-dist  (rap'-),?*.  One 
who  sings,  recites,  or  com- 
poses rhapsodies. 

Rhap'so-dy  (rap'-,  19),  n. 
A  wild,  rambling  writing  or 
discourse. 

Rhen'ish  ( r6n'- ) ,  a .  Pertain- 
ing to  the  river  Rhine. 

Rhet'o-ri€  (ret'-),  n.  The  art 
of  speaking  or  writing  with 
elegance  and  propriety. 

Rhe-tor'i-e-al  (re-),  a.  Per- 
taining to,  or  involving, 
rhetoric  ;  oratorical 

RheVo-ri'cian  (ret'o-r!sh'- 
an),  n.  One  who  teaches  or 
is  versed  in  the  rules  and 
principles  of  rhetoric  ;  an 
orator. 


Rheum  (rum),  n.  A  thin 
watery  fluid  secreted  by  the 
glands 

Rheu-mat'ie  (ru-),  «■  Per- 
taining to,  or  affected  with, 
rheumatism. 

Rheu'ma-tism  (ru'-),  n.  A 
painful  inflammatory  dis- 
ease of  the  joints  and  mus-' 
cles  of  the  human  body. 

Rheum'y  (rum'-),  a.  Full  of 
rheum 

Rhi-noc/er-os, 
(r:-),  n.  An  J 
African  quad- 
ruped hav-' 
ing one  or  two 
strong  horns  on  the  nose. 

Rh6mb  (romb), 

Rhom'bus, 
n       A  figure 
four  equal  sides, 
but  unequal  an-    Rhomb, 
gles. 

Rhom'bi-e  (rSm'-),  a.  Hav- 
ing the  figure  of  a  rhomb. 

Rh6m  'boid 
(rom'-^a.  An 
oblique-angled 
parallelogram      Rhomboid, 
like  a  rhomb,  but   having 
only  the  opposite  sidesequal. 

Rhu'barb  (ru/-),  n.  A  plant, 
and  a  cathartic  medicine 
obtained  from  it. 

Rhyme  (rim),  n.  Corre- 
spondence of  sounds ;  verses. 

—  v.i.  To  accord  in  sounds. 

—  v  t.  To  turn  into  rhyme. 
Rhym'er  (rim'-),  n.  One  who 

makes  rhymes  ;  a  versifier. 

Rhythm  (rlthm  or  rithm),  n. 
Regular  succession  of  mo- 
tions, sounds,  &c,  as  in 
music  and  dancing. 

Rib,  n.  One  of  the  curved 
bones  of  the  chest ;  a  curved 
strengthening  piece  of  tim- 
ber in  a  ship. —  v.  t.  To 
furnish  with  ribs. 

Rib'ald,  a.  Low  ;  base ;  mean . 

Rib'ald-ry,  n.  Low,  vulgar 
language.  [ribs. 

Ribbed,  a.      Furnished  with 

RIb'bon,  n.    A  fillet  of  silk. 

Rice,  n.  A  plant  and  its  es- 
culent seed  or  grain. 

Rich,  a.    Opulent ;  wealthy  ; 


Rhinoceros. 
»  the  nose. 

a-     Rhomb. 

'-),  a.    Hav- 
)f  a  rhomb. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  tcJo,  ti>bk  ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft , 
15 


€.  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


RICHES 

affluent;  valuable;  fertile; 
fruitful. 

Rich'e§,  n.  pi.  Wealth ;  op- 
ulence ;  affluence. 

Rich'ly,  adv.    Abundantly. 

Rich'ness,  n.  Wealth  ;  op- 
ulence ;  affluence  ;  fertility. 

Rick,  n.  A  long,  covered  pile 
of  hay  or  grain  in  the  field. 

Rick'ets,  n.pl.  A  disease  of 
children.  [rickets. 

Rick'et-y,  a.    Affected  with 

RI-e'o-Qhet  (-sha'  or  -shet'), 
n.  The  firing  of  guns  so  as 
to  cause  balls  to  rebound 
from  one  poin  t  to  another. 

Rid,  v .  t.  [imp.  and  p.  p. 
RID.]  To  set  free  ;  to  clear ; 
to  deliver.  [away. 

Rid'dange,  n.      A    clearing 

Rid'dle,  n.  A  coarse  sieve  or 
sifter ;  an  enigma.  —  v.  t. 
or  i  To  clear  from  chaff 
with  a  riddle;  to  perforate 
with  many  balls  ;  to  solve. 

Ride,  v.  i.  [>mp.  rode  \p.p. 
RID,  ridden.]  To  be  car- 
ried on  horseback,  or  in  a 
vehicle. — n.  An  excursion 
on  horseback ,  or  in  a  vehicle. 

RId'er,  n.  One  who  rides  ;  an 
additional  clause  to  a  bill. . 

Ridge,  n.  Top  of  the  back  ; 
a  long  elevation,  as  of  land. 
—  v.  t.  To  form  into  ridges. 

Rid'i-cule,n..  Derisive  merri- 
ment.—  v.t.  To  laugh  at, 
or  expose  to  laughter. 

Ri-di€'u-lous,  a.  Deserving 
ridicule ;  absurd. 

Rife,  a.  Prevalent ;  abound- 
ing, [use. 

Riff'rMf,  n.  Sweepings;  ref- 

RI'fle,«.  A  gun  with  grooved 
barrel. — v.  t.  To  rob;  to 
plunder;  to  pillage. 

Ri'fle-man  (21),  n.  One 
armed  with  a  rifle. 

Rift,  n.     A  cleft ;  a  fissure. 

Rig,  v.  t.  To  fit  with  rigging; 
to  dress ;  to  clothe. 

RIg'ger,  n.  One  who  fits  a 
ship  with  rigging. 

Rig'ging,  n.  The  ropes  of  a 
ship  ;  dress  ;  tackle. 

Right  (rit),  a.  Straight :  just ; 
true  ;  correct ;  proper  ;  op- 
posite to  left.  —  n.      That 


226 

which  is  right  or  correct ; 
justice  ;  just  claim  ;  prop- 
erty ;  privilege ;  side  op- 
posed to  left. — adv.  In  a 
straight  line;  according  to 
rule  ;  properly  ;  justly  ;  very. 
—  v.  t.  To  set  upright ;  to 
do  justice  to.  —  v.  i.  To  j 
take  a  proper  position. 

Rlght'-an/gled     (raV-),     n. 
Having  "an  angle  of  ninety  i 
degrees. 

Right'eous  (ri'chus),  a.  Ac-  ! 
cording  with,  or  performing, 
that  which  is  right  ;  just ;  I 
upright ;  religious ;  virtuous. 

Right'eous -ly  (ri'chus-), 
adv.     Justly  ;  uprightly.      I 

Rlght'eoiis-ness  (ri'chuss-), 
n.  Justice;  uprightness; 
virtue;  holiness. 

RIght'ful  (rftf-),  a.  Having  a 
right ;  just. 

RIght'-hand'ed  (rlt'-),  a. 
Using  the  right  hand  more 
easily  than  the  left. 

Rig'id,  a.  Difficult  to  bend ; 
stiff ;  strict ;  exact ;  severe. 

Ri-gid'i-ty,    )  n.      Stiffness  ; 

Rig'id-ness, )      strictness. 

Rig'id-ly,  adv.  Inflexibly  ; 
exactly  ;  severely. 

Rig'or(33),  n.  Strictness; 
severity  ;  a  shivering. 

Rig'or-ous,  a.  Strict ;  severe. 

Rill(l),n.    A  small  brook. 

Rim,  n.  A  border ;  edge ;  mar- 
gin. —  v.  t.  To  put  a  rim  on 

Rime,?t.  Hoarfrost;  a  chink. 

Rind,  n.  Skin,  bark,  or  outer 
coat ;  husk. 

Ring,  n.  A  circular  line  or 
thing  ;  a  hoop ;  a  metallic 
sound;  a  chime. — v.  t. 
[imp.  &  p.  p.  RUNG.]  To 
cause  to  sound ;  to  put  a 
ring  on.  — v.  i.     To  sound. 

Ring'-bolt,  n.  A  bolt  with 
an  eye  at  its  head  and  a  ring 
through  the  eye.      [pigeon. 

Ring'd&ve,  n.      A  kind  of 

Ring'lead-er,  n.  Leader  of  a 
lawless  association  or  band. 

Ring'let.  n.    A  curl  of  hair. 

RIng'worrrW-wurm),  n.  An 
eruption  of  the  skin  forming 
rings. 

Rinse,  v.  t.     To  cleanse  by 


RIVET 

agitating  in  water  after 
washing  ;  to  wash  lightly. 

RI'ot,/i.  Uproar;  tumult. — 
v.  i.  To  make  an  uproar ; 
to  revel.  [in  a  riot. 

Ri'ot-er,  n.     One  who  joins 

Ri'ot-ous,fl.  Disposed  to  riot. 

Rip,  v.  t.  To  cut  or  tear  asun- 
der, especially  at  a  seam.  — 
n.    A  rent  made  by  ripping. 

Ripe,  a.  Perfect  in  growth ; 
mature :  complete  ;  finished. 

Ripe'ly,  adv.    Maturely. 

Rip'en  (rlp/n),  v.  t.  To  ma- 
ture ;  to  prepare.  —  v.  i.  To 
grow  ripe.  [fection. 

Ripe'ness,  n.  Maturity  ;  per- 

Rip'ple,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  fret  on 
the  surface.  —  n.  Agitation 
of  the  surface  of  water. 

Rise,  v.  i.  [imp.  ROSE  ;  p.p. 
RISEN.]  To  get  up  ;  to  at- 
tain greater  height ;  to  in- 
crease ;  to  grow  ;  to  ascend. 

RIse,n.  Actof rising; ascent; 
increase ;  beginning  ;  origin. 

WiSfen(r\z'a),p.  p.  Ascended. 

Ri§/i-Ml'i-ty,  n.  Inclination 
to  laughter,    [ing  laughter. 

Ris/i-ble,  a.  Capable  of  excit- 

Rig'ing,  n.  Act  of  getting 
up  ;  insurrection. 

Risk,  n.  Hazard  ;  danger  ; 
peril. — v.t.  To  expose  to 
danger;  to. hazard. 

Rite,  n.  A  ceremonial  ob- 
servance ;  religious  usage. 

Rit'u-al,  n.     A  book  of  rites. 

—  a.    According  to  rites. 
Rit'u-al-ism,  n.    System  of 

rites.  [to  a  ritual. 

Rit'u-al-ist,  n.  One  devoted 
Ri'val,  n.    One  in  pursuit  of 

the  same  object  as  another. 

—  SYN.  Competitor.  —  a. 
Standing  in  competition. — 
v.  t.  (8)  To  emulate  ;  to 
strive  to  equal  or  excel. 

Ri'val-ry,n.  Strife  for  equal- 
ity or  superiority ;  compe- 
tition ;  emulation. 

Rive,  v.   t.      [imp.  rived  ; 

P.  p.  RIVEN.]     To  Split. 

Riv'en  (rlv/n),  p.  p.  of  Rive. 
Riv'er,  n.    A  large  6tream. 
Riv'et,  n.    A  pin  clinched. — 

v.t.     To  fasten  with  rivets ; 

to  clinch. 


a,  o,  i,  5,  u,  y,  long;  a,  5,  T,  o,  ii,  y,  short  ,■  cure,  car, ask,  all,  what ;  Gre,  veil,  term ;  pVque,  firm  j 


RIVULET 


227 


ROT 


Riv'u-let,  n.  A  small  stream. 

Rix'-ddl'lar,  n.  A  European 
silver  coin  varying  in  value 
from  60c.  to  $1.08. 

Roach,  n.  A  fresh-water  fish. 

Road,  n.  A  public  way  for 
traveling ;  a  place  for  ships 
to  ride  at  anchor. 

Eoad'stead,n.  A  place  where 
Chips  can  anchor.  [ble. 

Roam,  v.  i.  To  rove ;  to  rain- 
Roan,  a.  Of  a  dark  color  with 
w  iitt?  or  gray  spots. 

Ro       v.  i.     To  make  a  loud, 
inued noise. — n.  Aloud, 
.'  .ntinuous  noise ;  clamor. 

Roast,  v.  t.  To  cook  by  ex- 
posure to  heat,  as  before  a 
lire.  —  n.  That  which  is 
masted. 

Rob,  v.  t.  To  take  forcibly,  or 
without  the  owner's  consent. 
—  Syn.    To  plunder  ;  steal. 

R6b'ber(7),M..  One  who  robs. 

R6b'ber-y,  n.  A  taking  of 
property  without  consent. 

Robe,  n.  A  long  gown.  —  v.  t. 
To  invest  with  a  robe. 

RSb'in,  n.  A  European  song- 
bird ;  also,  an  American 
song-bird. 

Ro-bust',a.  Strong ;  healthy. 

Ro-bust'ness,  n.  Great  and 
hearty  strength. 

R6€h'et,  n.  A  linen  habit 
worn  by  priests ;  a  surplice. 

R6ck  (5),  n.  A  largo  mass  of 
stone.  —  v.  t.  or  i.  To  move 
from  side  to  side ;  to  still. 

Rdck'er,  n.  One  who,  or 
that  which,  rocks. 

Rock'et,  n.  A  projectile  fire- 
work, [of  rocks. 

Rock'i-ness,  n.    Abundance 

Rdck'-salt,  n.  Salt  in  rock- 
like masses  or  large  crvstals. 

R5ck'y,  a.  Full  of  rocks  : 
hard. 

Rod,  n.  A  twig ;  a  pole  or 
perch  ;  16  j  feet. 

R5de,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Ride. 

Ro'dent,  a.  Gnawing. — n. 
An  animal  that  gnaws. 

R6d'o-mont-ade',  n.  Empty 
bluster  ;  vain  boasting. 

Roe  (18),  n.     Female  of  the 

hart ;  eggs  of  a  fish. 
Roe'buck,n.    Male  of  the  roe. 


Ro-ga/tion,  n.  Supplication ; 

litany. 
Rogue  (18),  n.     A  dishonest 

person ;  a  knave. 
Rogu'er-y,  n.    Knavery;  dis- 
honest tricks ;  niischievous- 
ness.  [waggish. 

Rogu'ish  (11),  a.    Knavish; 
Roil,  v.  t.     To  make  turbid 

by  stirring ;  to  excite. 
R611(l),  v.  t.  or  i.  To  turn 
in  a  circle ;  to  revolve  ;  to 
wrap  up.  — n.  A  thing  rolled 
up  ;  a  small  loaf  of  bread  ; 
a  list  of  names. 
Roll'er,  n.  One  who,  or  that 
which,  rolls.  [of  wood. 

Roll'ing-pin,  n.     A  cylinder 
Ro'man,   a.       Pertaining  to 
Rome.  —  n.     A    native    of 
Rome. 
Ro-mance',  n.     A  fictitious 
and  wonderful  tale ;  a  sort 
!      of   novel.  —  v.   i.      To    tell 
j      marvelous  tales.      [mances. 
;  Ro-man'ger,  n.    One  who  ro- 
R6'man-i§m,w.  Tenets  of  the 
|      Roman  Catholic  church. 
R6'man-ist,  n       A  Roman 
Catholic.  [ful. 

|  Ro-man'tic.  a.   Wild  ;  fanci- 
Ro-man'ti-ci§m,  n.   State  of 
being  romantic.  [Rome. 

!  Rom'ish,  a.      Belonging    to 
Romp,  n.    A  rude  girl.  —  v.  i. 
j      To  play  rudely. 
Rood,  n.     The  fourth  of  an 
acre ;  a  crucifix  ;  a  represen- 
|      tetion  of  the  Trinity. 
Roof  (4),  n.   Cover  of  a  build- 
ing ,  or  something  similar.  — 
I      v.  t.   To  cover  with  a  roof. 
Rdok,  v.  t.  or  i.     To  cheat ; 
I      to  rob.  —  n.    A  bird  like  a 
I      crow  ;  a  cheat. 
Rdbk'er-y,  n.     A  collection 
j      of  rooks'  nests  ;    a  pile  of 
|      dilapidated  buildings. 
Room,  n.    Space  ;  extent ;  an 
I      apartment ;  stead. — e.  i.  To 
J      lodge.  [ness. 

Room'i-ness,  n.  Spacious- 
j  Room'y,  a.  Having  ample 
room.  —  Syn.  Spacious ;  ca- 
I  pacious ;  large. 
Roost,  n.  A  place  on  which 
I  birds  or  fowls  rest ;  a  perch. 
I      —  v.  i.    To  rest  as  a  bird. 


Rdbst'er,  n.  Male  of  the  do- 
mestic fowl ;  a  cock. 

Root,  n.  The  part  of  a  plant 
which  shoots  into  the  earth  ; 
the  original ;  first  cause.  — 
v.  i.  To  become  fixed  in  the 
earth,  as  a  root ;  to  take 
root.  —  v.  t.  To  plant  deep- 
ly ;  to  dig  up ;  to  destroy. 

Rope,  n.  A  large,  stout  cord. 
—  v.  i.  To  draw  out  in  a 
slender  string. 

Rope'-dan'cer,  n.  One  who 
dances  on  a  rope  extended 
in  the  air. 

Rope'-walk  (-wawk),  n.  A 
long  building  where  ropes 
are  made. 

Rope'-yarn,  n.  Threads  to 
be  twisted  into  ropes. 

Rop'i-ness  (13),  n.  Stringi- 
ne.ss';  viscosity. 

Rop'y,  a.     Stringy  ;  viscous. 

Roq'ue-laur  (rok'e-lor),  n.  A 
kind  of  surtout. 

R6'§a-ry,  n.  A  bed  of  roses  ; 
a  string  of  beads  for  count- 
ing prayers. 

Rose,  n.  A  plant  and  flower 
of  many  species.  — v.,  imp. 
of  Rise. 

R6'§e-ate,  a.  Full  of  roses ;  re- 
sembling a  rose ;  blooming. 

R6§e'-bug,  n.  A  kind  of 
beetle  that  feeds  on  roses, 
&c.        [and  aromatic  plant. 

R6§e'ma-ry,  n.    A  fragrant 

Ro-§ette',  n.  An  ornament 
made  of  ribbons. 

R6§e'-wa/ter,  n.  Water 
tinctured  with  roses  by  dis- 
tillation. 

Rose'-wdod,  n.  A  kind  of 
wood  much  used  in  cabinet- 
work. It  is  obtained  from 
several  different  kinds  of 
trees.        [tilling  turpentine. 

Ros'in,  n.  Resin  left  after  dis- 

Ros'ter,  n.    A  list  of  officers. 

Ros'tral,  a.  Resembling,  or 
pertaining  to,  a  beak. 

Ros'trum,  n.  Beak  of  a  ship ; 
a  platform  for  speakers. 

Ro'sy,  a.  Like  a  rose  ;  red  as 
a  rose ;  blooming. 

R6t,  v.  To  putrefy  ;  to  decay. 
—  n.  Putrefaction  ;  decay  ; 
a  fatal  distemper  in  sheep. 


eon,  6r,  do,  wolf,  to"o,  to"ok ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as.  j  exist;  nasng;  this 


ROTARY' 


228 


RULE 


i.  Turning  Hke 
a  wheel  on  its 


R5'ta-ry, 

Ro'ta-to-ry 
axis. 

Ro'tate,  v.  i.  To  revolve 
round  an  axis,  as  a  wheel. 

Ro-ta'tion,  n.  A  turning 
round  on  an  axis,  as  a 
wheel;  regular  succession. 

Rote,  n.  Repetition  of  words 
by  memory. 

Rot'ten  (rot'tn),  a.  Putrid  ; 
decayed  ;  unsound. 

Rot'ten-ness,  n.  A  putrid 
state  ;  putrefaction. 

Ro-tund',  a.  Hound ;  circu- 
lar ;  spherical ;  complete. 

Ro-tiin'da  }  (18),  n.  A  build- 

Ro-tun'do )  ing  circular 
within  and  without. 

Ro-tund'i-ty,  n.  Roundness ; 
sphericity. 

Rouge  (rdozh),  n.  A  red  cos- 
metic.—  v.  t.  To  paint  or 
tinge  with  rouge. 

Rough  (ruf),  a.  Having  an 
uneven  surface ;  coarse  ; 
harsh  ;  rude  ;  uncivil ;  loud 
and  hoarse ;  tempestuous. 

Rough'-east  (rflfkast),  v.  t. 
To  cover  or  plaster  with  a 
mixture  of  lime  and  shells  or  j 
pebbles. — n.  A  rude  model ; 
plaster  mixed  with  shells  or 
pebbles. 

Rough/en  (rufn  ),v.  To  make 
or  become  rough. 

Rough'-hew  (rtif/hu),  v.  t. 
To  hew  roughly  or  coarsely. 

Rough/ly  (ruf-),  adv.  Rug- 
gedly ;  coarsely  ;  harshly. 

Rough'ness  (ruf/-),  n.  Rug- 
gedness. 

Rough'-shod  (ruf/-),  a.  Hav- 
ing shoes  armed  with  points. 

Rou-lette'  (rob -let/),  n.  A 
game  of  chance,     [ing  press. 

Rounge,  n.  Handle  of  a  print- 
Round,  «.  Spherical;  circu- 
lar ;  full ;  approximate. — n. 
A  circle ;  a  regular  course. 
— v.  To  make  or  become 
round. — prep.  About;  on 
all  sides  of. — adv.  On  every 
side ;  circularly. 

Round'a-bout/,    a.  Indirect. 

Round'e-lay,  n.  A  kind  of 
song  or  poem  of  very  arti- 
ficial structure. 


Round'-head,  n.  A  Puritan. 
Round'ing,  )    a.    Somewhat 
Round'ish,  (       round. 
Round'ly,  adv.     In  a  round 

form  ;   openly  ;  boldly. 
Round'ness,  n.    Quality  of 

being  round ;  sphericity. 
Round'-rob/in,  n.  A  petition 

or    other  writing   with  the 

names  of  the  signers  written 

in  a  circle. 
Rouse,  v.  t.    To  wake  from 

rest ;  to  start ;  to  excite. 
Rout,  n.  Defeat,  or  confusion 

from   defeat ;  a  multitude  ; 

fashionable  assembly.  —  v. 

t.  To  put  to  flight. 
Route  (ro"bt  or  rowt),  n.     A 

course  or  way. 
Rou-tine'      (rob -teen/),      n. 

Round  or  course. 
Rove,  V.    i.     To  ramble  ;  to 

wander ;  to  roam  ;  to  stroll. 
Rov'er,  n.  One  who  roves  ;  a 

wanderer ;  a  pirate. 
Row(rou),  n.  A  riot. 
Row  (ro),  n.  A  line  of  things. 

—  v.  t.  To  impel  with  oars. 
Row'el  (rou/ei),  n.    The  little 

wheel  of  a  spur ;  a  seton.  — 

v.  t.  (8)  To  insert  a  rowel  in. 
Row'en  (rou/en),  n.     Second 

growth  of  grass. 
Roy'al,  a.  Regal ;  kingly. 
Roy'al-ist,  n.     An  adherent 

to  kingly  government. 
Roy'al-ly,  adv.    In  a  kingly 

manner. 
Roy'al-ty,  n.  Office,  state,  or 

character  of  a  king. 
Rub  (7),  v.   t.    To  wipe;  to 

scour.  — v.    i.       To    move 

along    with    pressure.  —  n. 

Friction;  difficulty. 
Rub'ber,  n.  One  who,  or  that 

which,     rubs ;     a    decisive 

game  or  games. 
Rub'bish,  n.    Waste  matter  ; 

ruins ;  fragments,  [redness. 
Ru'bi-eund,  a.  Inclining  to 
Rti'ble,?'.  A  silver  and  a  gold 

coin  of  Russia. 
Ru'brie,       )  a.  Red  ;  placed 
Rii'brie-al,  )      in  rubrics. 
Ru'brie,  n.      Directions  in  a 
prayer-book  as  to  the  order 
of  services. 
Ru'bri«-ate,  v.  t.       To  dis- 


tinguish with  red  ;  to  ar- 
range as  in  a  rubric. 

Ru'by  (19),  n.  A  gem  of  a  red 
color.  —  a.  Of  a  red  color. 

Rud'der,  n.  The  instrument 
by  which  a  ship  is  steered. 

Rud'di-ness,  n.  Redness. 

Rud'dy,  a.  Of  a  red  color  ; 
red  ;  florid. 

Rude,  a.  Uncivilized  ;  rough  ; 
coarse;   harsh. 

Rude'ly,  adv.  Roughly  ; 
harshly. 

Rude'ness,  n.  Condition  of 
being  rude ;  unevenntss  ;  in- 
civility ;  coarseness. 

Ru'di-ment,  n.  First  prin- 
ciple ;  element. 

Ru/di-ment'al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  elements ;  elementary. 

Rue,  n.  A  very  bitter  plant. 
—  v.  t.  To  lament;  to  re- 
gret ;  to  be  sorry  for. 

Rue'ful  (17),  a.     Sorrowful. 

Ruff  (l),7i.  A  plaited  cloth 
round  the  neck ;  ruffle. 

Ruffian  (rufyan  or  rtif/fi- 
an),  n.  A  boisterous,  brutal 
fellow  ;  a  cut-throat.  —  a. 
Brutal ;  savage  ;  vile. 

Ruffian-i§m  (rfif/yan-  or 
ruf/fi-an-),  n.  Act  or  con- 
duct of  a  ruffian. 

Ruffle,  v.t.  To  wrinkle;  to 
plait ;  to  discompose  ;  to 
vex;  to  disturb. — n.  A 
plaited  article  of  dress ;  dis- 
turbance; roll  of  a  drum.    . 

Ru'fous,  a.  Brownish  red. 

Rug,  ri.  A  coarse,  nappy, 
woolen  cloth  ;  a  mat. 

Rug'ged,  a.  Rough  ;  harsh ; 
crabbed  ;  shaggy  ;  robust. 

Rug'ged-ness,  n.  Rough- 
ness ;   harshness. 

Ru'in,  n.  Overthrow;  de- 
struction ;  remains  of  build- 
ings, &c.  — v.  t.  To  destroy 
utterly ;  to  demolish. 

Ru'in-ous,  a.  Destructive  ; 
fatal ;  composed  of  ruins. 

Ruf  a-ble,  a.  Conformable  to 
rule. 

Rule,  n.  That  by  which  any 
thing  is  regulated  ;  govern- 
ment ;  authority  ;  an  instru- 
ment for  drawing  lines.  — v. 
t.  To  govern;  to  mark  with 


a,  5,1,  o,  u, y, long;  2,  e,  l,  6, Q, y,  short ;  cure,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm. 


RULER 

lines.  —  v.  i.  To  have  power 
or  command ;  to  decide. 

Rul'er,  n.  One  who  rules;  a 
governor  ;  an  instrument 
for  drawing  lines. 

Rum,  n.  A  spirituous  liquor 
distilled  from  molasses. 

Rum'ble,  v.  i.  To  make  a 
low,  heavy,  continued 
noise, like  thunder. 

Rum'bling,n.  A  low, heavy, 
continuous  sound. 

Ru  cni-nant,  a.  Chewing  the 
/  '. — n.  An  animal  that 
ivs  the  cud. 

jl.v  mi-nate,  v.  i.  To  chew 
the  cud ;  to  meditate. 

Ru/mi-na'tion,  n.  Act  of  ru- 
minating ;  meditation. 

Rum'mage,n.  A  close  search. 
—  v.  t  To  search  or  examine 
thoroughly. 

Ru'mor  (33),  n.  A  flying  or 
popular  report  or  story. — 
v.  t.     To  report. 

Rump,  n.  End  of  the  back- 
bone and  parts  adjacent. 

Rum'ple,  v.  t.  To  wrinkle  ; 
to  make  uneven. — n.  A 
wrinkle  ;  an  irregular  fold. 

Run,  v.  i.  or  t.  [imp.  ran  or 
RUN  ;  p.  p.  RUN.]  To  move 
with  rapidity  ;  to  flow  ;  to 
melt ;  to  form  in  a  mold.  — 
n.      Flow  ;    course  ;   way  ; 


229 

small  stream  ;  result ;  un- 
usual demands  on  a  bank. 

Riin'a-gate,  In.  A  fugitive; 

Run'a-way,  J  deserter ;  ren- 
egade, [der. 

Run'dle,  n.    Round  of  a  lad- 
Rung,  imp.  &  p.p.  of  Ring. 

Run'let,  n.  A  small  stream. 

Run'ner,  n.  One  who  runs  ; 
a  messenger  ;  a  part  on 
which  a  sled  slides. 

Rim 'net,  n.   See  Rennet. 

Runt,  n.  A  stunted  animal. 

Ru-pee',  n.  An  East  Indian 
coin  ;  the  silver  rupee  is  46 
cents,  and  the  gold  7  dollars. 

Rupt'vire,  n.  A  breach ;  a 
burst;  hernia.  —  v.  t.  To 
break ;  to  burst. 

Ru'ral,  a.    Belonging  to  the 

country ;  rustic. 
!  Ruse,  n.  Artifice;  stratagem. 

Rush  (18),  n.    A  violent  mo- 
!      tion  or  course  ;  a  plant.  — 
v.  i.    To  pass  or  move  with 
|      vehemence. 

j  Rush'-light  (-lit),  n.   A  can- 
dle with  a  wick  made  of  a 
j      rush. 

Rush'y,  a.    Abounding  with 

\      rushes. 

Rusk,  n.  A  species  of  cake. 

Russ,  or  Russ,  a.  Pertaining 

I      to  Russia. — n.      The  lan- 
J     guage  of  the  Russians. 


SACRIFICE 

Rus'set,  a.  Of  a  reddish 
brown  color. 

Rus'set,  )  n.  An  apple  of 

Rus'set-ing,  )  a  russet  color. 
|  Rus'sian  (rOsh^u  or  ru/- 
|  shan),  a.  Pertaining  to 
i      Russia. — n.    A  native,  or 

the  language,  of  Russia. 
•  Rust,  n.  A  crust  which  forms 
on  metals.  —  v.      To  make 
or  become  rusty. 

Rus'tie  (5),  a.  Rural ;  rude ; 
inelegant;  simple.  —  n.  An 
inhabitant  of  the  country. 

Rus'ti-e-ate,  v.  To  reside  in, 
or  banish  to,  the  country. 

Rus/ti--ea'tion,  n.  Residence 
in,  or  banishment  to,  the 
country. 

Rus-tig'i-ty,  n.  Rustic  man- 
ners ;  rudeness  ;  simplicity. 

Rust'i-ness,  n.  State  or  qual- 
ity of  being  rusty. 

Rus'tle  (rus/1),  v.  i.  To  make 
a  quick  succession  of  small 
sounds,  like  the  rubbing  of 
silk  cloth  or  dry  leaves. 

Rust'y,  a.  Covered  with  rust. 

Rut,  n.  Track  worn  by  a 
wheel. 

Ru'ta-ba/ga,  n.  A  variety 
of  turnip. 

Ruth,  n.     Pity ;  tenderness. 

Ruth'less,  a.  Cruel ;  pitiless. 

Rye  (ri),  n,    A  kind  of  grain. 


s. 


SAB'A-OTH,    or    Sa-ba'- 
oth,n.     Armies;  hosts. 

Sab'ba-ta'ri-an,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  Sabbath. —  n.  A 
strict  observer  of  the  Sab- 
bath ;  one  who  regards  the 
seventh  day  as  holy. 

Sab'bath,  n.  The  day  of  re- 
ligious rest ;  Sunday. 

Sab-bat'i€,       )  a. Relating  to 

Sab-bat'i€-al,  )  the  Sabbath. 

Sa'ber  )    (29), 

Sa'bre  I  n.  A  ^£====33^ 
sword  with  a 
broad  blade. 


Saber. 


Sa'ble,  n.  An  animal  of  the 
weasel  kind,  and  its  fur.  — 
a.    Dark;  black. 

Sac  (5),  n.  A  little  bag  or  re- 
ceptacle for  some  animal  or 
vegetable  fluid. 

Sae'-eha-rlne,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  having  the  nature  of, 
sugar. 

Sac/er-do'tal,a.    Priestly. 

Sa'chem,n.  An  Indian  chief. 

Sack  (5),  n.  A  bag;  pillage  of 
a  town  ;  a  loose  upper  gar- 
ment ;  a  sweet  wine.  — v.  t. 
To  pillage  ;  to  plunder. 


Sack'but,  n.  A  brass  wind  in- 
strument of  music,     [sacks. 

Sack'cloth,  n.        Cloth   for 

Sac'ra-ment,  n.  A  solemn 
religious  ordinance,  espe- 
cially the  Lord's  Supper. 

Sac'ra-ment'alja.  Pertain- 
ing to  a  sacrament. 

Sa'cred,  a.  Pertaining  to 
God  or  religion.  —  S\"N. 
Holy ;   divine ;  consecrated. 

Sa'cred-ly,  adv.  Religiously. 

Sa'-ered-ness,  n.  State  cr 
qualitv  of  being  sacred. 

Sac'ri-fTce  (-fiz),  v.  t.  To  offer 


Bon,  or,  do,  wolf,  to~o,  tdbk;  urn,  rye,  pull ;  9,  g,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  a<  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


SACRIFICIAL 


230 


SALUTATION 


to  God  in  worship ;  to  de- 
stroy ;  to  give  up  with  loss. 
—  n.  An  offering  to  God  ; 
any  loss  incurred. 

Sac'ri-fi'cial  (-i'lsh'al),  a. 
Pertaining  to  sacrifice. 

S&c'ri-lege,  n.  A  violation  of 
sacred  things. 

S&e'ri-le'gjious,  a.  Violating 
sacred  things ;  involving  sac- 
rilege ;  profane ;  impious. 

Sac'ri-le'gioiis-ly,  adv.  Im- 
piously ;  profanely. 

Sae'ris-tan,  n.  A-sexton. 
*j  Sac'ris-ty,  n.  A  vestry  room. 
j**  Sad,  a.     Sorrowful ;  gloomy  ; 
cheerless ;  grave. 

Sad'den  (sad'dn),  v.  To  make 
or  become  sad. 

Sad'dle,  n.  A  seat  for  the 
back  of  a  horse. —  v.  t.  To 
put  a  saddle  ou.  [dies. 

SM'dler,  n.  Amakerofsad- 

Sad'dler-y,  n.  Materials  for 
saddles  and  harnesses. 

Sad'dle-tree,  n.  The  frame  of 
a  saddle. 

Sad'du-gee,  n.  One  of  a  Jew- 
ish sect  which  denied  the 
resurrection.  [iron. 

Sad'-Fron  (-Furn),  n.  A  flat- 

Sad'ly,  adv.  In  a  sad  manner ; 
sorrowfully.  [sad. 

Sad'ness,  n.    State  of  being 

Safe,  a.  Free  from  danger; 
secure.  —  n.  A  place  to  se- 
cure provisions,  money,  &c. 

Safe'-eSn'duet,  n.  A  convoy 
or  guard ;  a  pass  or  warrant 
of  security. 

Safe'guard,  n.  A  thing  that 
protects ;  a  defense ;  a  pass- 
port ;  a  safe-conduct. 

Safe'ly,  adv.  Securely. 

Safe'ty  (10),  n.  Freedom  from 
danger  or  loss ;  security. 

Safe'ty-valve,?!.  A  valve  by 
which  a  steam-boiler  is  pre- 
served from  bursting. 

Saffron,  n.  A  plant  bearing 
a  yellow  flower.  —Ji.  Like 
saffron.  '* 

Sag,  v'ri.  To  swag ;  to  incline. 

Sa-ga'cious,  a.  Of  keen  pen- 
etration and  judgment  ; 
sage;  wise. 

Sa-ga'cious-ly,  adv.  With 
sagacity. 


Sa-gae/i-ty,  n.  Quick  dis- 
cernment ;  penetration. 

Sag'a-more,  n.  An  Indian 
chief;  a  sachem. 

Sage,  a.  Wise  ;  sagacious  ; 
discreet.  —  n.  A  wise  man ; 
a  plant  or  herb. 

Sage'ly,  adv.  Wisely ;  saga- 
ciously ;  acutely. 

Sag'it-tal,  a.  Pertaining  to 
an  arrow. 

Sa'go,  n.  Granulated  starch 
from  a  species  of  palm. 

Said  (sed,  14),  imp.  &  p.  p.  of 
Say. 

Sail,  n.  A  ship's  canvas;  a  ; 
ship  of  any  kind ;  excursion  j 
on  the  water. — v.  To  be  | 
conveyed  on  the  water,  with 
or  without  sails ;  to  fly  j 
through ;  to  manage,  as  a 
vessel. 

Sail'-el6th,  n.  Canvas  used 
for  making  sails. 

SaiF-loft,  n.  A  loft  or  room 
where  sails  are  made. 

Sai'lor,  n.    A  seaman. 

Sail'-yard,  n.  Yard  or  spar 
on  which  sails  are  extended. 

Saint,  n.  One  eminent  for 
piety. — v.l.  To  make  a 
saint  of;  to  canonize. 

Saint'ed,  a.    Holy  ;  sacred. 

Saint 'ly,  a.  Resembling  a 
saint ;  holy. 

Sake,  n.  Final  cause  ;  pur- 
pose ;  end ;  reason. 

Sal'a-ble  (11),  a.    Fit  for  sale. 

Sa-la'cious,  a.  Lustful ;  lewd. 

Sal'ad,n.  Food  of  raw  herbs. 

Sal'a-man'der,  n.  A  small 
reptile,  formerly  thought  to 
be  able  to  live  in  fire. 

Sal'a-ried,  a.  Having  a  salary. 

Sal'a-ry(19),  n.  A  stated  al- 
lowance for  services. 

Sale,  n.  Act  of  selling ;  mar- 
ket; demand. 

SaFe-ra'tus,  n.  A  bi-carbo- 
nate  of  potash,  used  in 
cookery. 

Sales'man  (21),  n.  One  em- 
ployed to  sell  goods. 

Sal'ie,  a.  Designating  a  law 
which  excludes  females  from 
the  throne. 

Sa'li-ent,  a.  Shooting  out  or 
up  ;  hence,  prominent. 


Sal'i-fPa-ble  (13),  a.  Cap»- 
ble  of  becoming  a  salt. 

Sal'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  form  into  a 
salt,  as  a  base. 

Sa-lme',orSa'lIne,a.  Salt. 
—  n.     A  salt  spring. 

Sa-li'va,  n.  The  fluid  secret- 
ed in  the  mouth  ;  spittle. 

Sal'i-va-ry,  a.  Secreting  sa- 
liva, as  the  glands. 

Sal'i-vate,  r.  t.  To  excite  an 
unusual  discharge  of  saliva 
in,  as  by  the  use  of  mercury. 

SaFi-va/tion,  n.  A  continued 
unnatural  flow  of  saliva. 

Sal'low,  a.  Of  a  pale,  sickly, 
yellow  color.  —  n.  A  tree  or 
shrub  of  the  willow  kiud. 

Sal'low-ness,  n.  Paleness 
tinged  with  a  dark  yellow. 

Sal'ly,  n.  A  sudden  eruption ; 
wild  gayety.  —  v.  i.  To  leap 
or  rush  out 

Sal'ly-port,  n.  A  gate 
through  which  troops  sally. 

SaFma-gun'di,  n.  Chopped 
meat  and  pickled  herring, 
seasoned  with  oil,  vinegar, 
&c. 

Sal'mon(sa,nVun),n.  A  large 
fish,  of  a  yellowish  red  color. 

Sa-loon',  n.  A  spacious  and 
elegant  apartment. 

SaPsi-fy,  n.    A  garden  plant. 

Salt,  n.  A  substance  used  for 
seasoning  food ;  an  old  sai- 
lor ;  a  combination  of  an  acid 
with  a  base.  —  v.  t.  To 
sprinkle  with  salt. 

Sal-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of  leaping. 

SaPta-to-ry,  a.  Leaping  (  r 
dancing,  or  used  therein. 

Salt'-geFlar,  n.  A  small  dish 
'for  salt  at  table. 

Salt'ness.  n.    Taste  of  salt. 

Salt-pe'ter,  )  n.     A  mineral 

Salt-pe'tre,  )  salt  composed 
of  nitric  acid  and  potash. 

Salt'-rheum  (-rum),  n.  An 
affection  of  the  skin. 

Sa-lu'bri-ous,  a.    Healthful. 

Sa-lu'bri-ty,  n.  Healthful- 
ness  ;  wholesomeness. 

SaFu-ta-ry,  a.  Promoting 
health  or  safety. 

SaFu-ta'tion,n.  Act  of  greet- 
ing another.  —  SYN.  Greet- 
ing ;  salute ;  address. 


a,  e, I,  d,  u,  y,  long ;  a,  8, 1,  o,  0,  y,  short;  care, car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm ; 


SALUTATORIAN 

Sa-lu/ta-t6'ri-an,  «.  A  stu- 
dent who  pronounces  a  sal- 
utatory oration. 

Sa-lu'ta-to-ry,  a.  Contain- 
ing salutations  or  a  welcome. 

Sa-liite',  v.  t.  To  greet;  to 
hail ;  to  kiss ;  to  honor.  — 
n.  Act  of  saluting  ;  a  kiss  ; 
discharge  of  cannon. 

Sal'va-ble,  a.  Capable  of  be- 
ing saved. 

Sal' V  ige ,  n .  Reward  for  sav- 
in-      ship  or  its  cargo. 

S  '  tion,  n.  Act  of  sav- 
...0  ,  preservation,  especially 
preservation  from  eternal 
misery. 

Salve  (sliv),  n.  A  substance 
for  covering  wounds  or  sores. 

Sal'ver,  n.  A  plate  or  waiter 
to  present  something  on. 

Sal'vo,  n.  (PL  Sal'vos,  18.) 
An  exci  ption ;  military  or 
naval  salute ;  a  volley. 

Same,  n.  Identical ;  not  dif- 
ferent or  other ;  similar. 

Same'ness,  n.  Identity  ; 
resemblance ;  similarity. 

Sa/mi-el,  n.  A  destructive 
wind  from  the  desert,  in 
Arabia ;  the  simoom. 

Samp,  n.  Maize  broken  coarse, 
and  boiled  with  milk. 

Sam'phire  (or  sam'fur),  n. 
A  plant  growing  by  the  sea- 
shore, and  used  as  a  pickle. 

Sam/pie,  n.    A  specimen. 

Sam/pier,  n.  A  collection  of 
needle-work ;  patterns. 

San'a-tive,    I  a.    Adapted  to 

San'a-to-rj^  I  cure :  healing. 

San-e'ti-fi-ea'tion,  n-  Act  of 
sanctifying. 

San€'ti-fy  (13),  v.  t.  To  make 
sacred  or  holy. 

Sane'ti-mo'ni-ous ,  «•  Ap- 
pearing holy  ;  saintly. 

Sane'ti-mo-ny,  n .  Hypo- 
critical devoutncss. 

Sanc'tion,  n.  That  which 
confirms  ;  solemn  ratifica- 
tion.— v.  t.  To  ratify ;  to  give 
sanction  or  authority  to. 

San€'ti-ty,«.  Holiness :  puri- 
ty ;  religious  binding  force. 

San-et'u-a-ry,  »•  A  sacred 
place  ;  house  of  worship  ; 
place  of  refuge. 


Sandals. 


231 

Sanc'tum,  n.  A  place  of  re- 
treat for  privacy. 

Sand,  n.  Fine 
particles  of 
stony  matter. 

San'dal,n.  A' 
kind  of  shoe 
or  slipper. 

San'dal-wdod,  n.  A  yellow, 
fragrant  Eastern  wood,  and 
the  tree  producing  it. 

San'di-ver,  n.  A  whitish 
scum  on  melted  glass. 

Sand'stone ,  n .  A  rock  made 
of  sand  more  or  less  firmly 
united. 

Sand'wich,  n.  Pieces  of 
bread  and  butter  with  a 
slice  of  meat  between  them. 
—  v.  t.  To  make  into  a  sand- 
wich, or  into  something  like 
one ;  to  interlard. 

San'dy,  a.  Full  of  sand;  of 
the  color  of  sand. 

Sane,  a.  Sound  in  mind;  not 
deranged  ;  whole  ;  health}7. 

Sang,  imp.  of  Sing. 

San'ga-ree',  n.  Sweetened 
and  spiced  wine  and  water. 

Sang-froid  (song-frwa'),  n. 
Cool  blood ;  indifference. 

San-guii'er-ous,  a.  Convey- 
ing blood. 

San'gui-na-ry,  a.  Bloody; 
eager  to  shed  blood;  cruel. 

San'gume  (sang'gwin),  a. 
Red,  like  blood;  full  of 
blood ;  confident ;  full  of 
hope.  [ing  with  blood. 

San-guin'e-ous,  a.  Abound- 

San'he-drim,  n.  The  su- 
preme council  of  the  .lews. 

Sa'ni-oiis,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  emitting,  a  thin  watery 
fluid. 

San'i-ta-ry,  a.  Pertaining  to 
health.  [mind,  j 

San'i-ty,   n.      Soundness  of 

Sank,  imp.  of  Sink. 

San's-erit, )  n.    The   ancient  | 

San'skrit, J  language  of 
Hindostan. 

Sap,  n.  Vital  juice  of  plants. 
—  v.  t.  To  undermine ;  to 
subvert  by  digging. 

Sap'id,  a.  Well  tasted ;  having 
a  relish;  savory.  [ness. 

Sa-pid'i-ty,  n.  Taste;  savori 


SATIATE 

Sa'pi-enge,  n.    Wisdom. 
Sa/pi-ent,  a.  Wise ;  sagacious. 
Sapless,  a.     Having  no  sap ; 

dry  ;  withered. 
Sapling,  n.     A  young  tree. 
Sap'o-na'ceous,  a.    Having 

the  qualities  of  soap ;  soapy. 
Sa-pon'i-fy ,  v.  t.    To  convert 

into  soap.  [relish. 

Sa'por,    n.      Taste;    savor; 
Sap'phic    (siiPik),    a.      Per- 
taining to  Sappho,  a  Grecian 

poetess. 
Sap'phire  (saflr  or  saf'ur),  n. 

A  precious  stone. 
Sap'phir-ine   (safur-in),   a. 

Made  of,  or  like,  sapphire. 
Sap'py,  a.  Full  of  sap ;  juicy. 
Sar'a-band,     n.      A   grave 

Spanish  dance. 
Sar'«a§m.  n.  Bitter  reproach. 
Sar-cas'tic,       I  a.    Bitterly 
Sar-cas'ti-c-al, )       satirical; 

scornfully  severe. 
Sarge'net,  n.     A  fine,  thin 

silk,  used  for  linings,  &c. 
Sar-e6ph'a-gus,  n.    A  stone 

coffin. 
Sar'di-us,    n.      A    precious 

stone ;  a  carnelian^ 
Sar-don'i<i,  a.  Forced,  heart- 
less, or  bitter;  —  said  of  a 

laugh  or  smile. 
Sar'do-nyx,  n.    A  precious 

stone   of  a  reddish   yellow 

color,  allied  to  the  onyx. 
Sar'sa-pa-ril'la,  n.  A  species 

of  medicinal  plant. 
Sash,  n.    Ornamental  belt  or 

band ;  a  window-fran.e. 
Sas'sa-fras,  n.  A  certain  tree 

that  has  an  aromatic  bark. 
S^t,  imp.  of  Sift. 
Sa'tan,  n.    The  great  adver- 
sary of  man  ;  the  devil. 
Sa-tan'i€,       {  a.  Having  the 
Sa-tan'i-e-al,  I      qualities  of 

Satan ;  very  wicked. 
Satch'el,  n.    A  little  sack  or 

bag  for  books  and  papers. 
Sate,   v.   t.      To  satisfy ;    to 

glut;Jp  satiate;  to  surfeit. 
Sat'el-lite,  n.  A  small  planet 

revolving  round  a  larger ;  an 

obsequious  attendant. 
Sa'ti-ate  (sa'shY-at),  v.  t.  To 

fill  or  gratify  to  the  utmost ; 

to  satisfy  ;  to  sate. 


s6a,  or,  dg,  wolf,  too,  to"bk  ;  flrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


SATIATE 


232 


SCAMPER 


Sa'ti-ate,  a.  Filled  to  satiety. 

Sa-ti'e-ty,  n.  Fullness  beyond 
desire  or  pleasure. 

Safin,  n.     A  glossy  silk. 

Sat'in-et',  n.  A  woolen  cloth. 

Sat'Ire  {in  Eng.  sat'ur),  n. 
A  discourse  or  poem  con- 
taining severe  censure  ; 
trenchant  wit. 

Sa-tir'ie,       )  a.  Censorious  ; 

Sa-tir'i-e-al,  J  sarcastic ;  se- 
vere in  language. 

Sa-tir'ie-al-ly,  adv.  With 
satire.  [satire. 

Sat'ir-ist,  n.    One  who  writes 

Sat'ir-Ize,  v.  t.  To  make  the 
object  of  satire. 

Sat'is-fae'tion,  n.  Content ; 
gratification  of  desire  ;  that 
which  satisfies. 

Sat'is-fae'to-ri-ly,  adv.  So 
as  to  give  content. 

SaVis-fae'to-ry,  a.  Giving 
content ;  making  amends. 

Sat'is-fy,  v.  t.  To  content ; 
to  discharge,  as  a  debt,  &c.  ; 
to  give  assurance  to. 

Sa'trap,  or  Sat'rap,  n.  Gov- 
ernor of  a  province  in  an- 
cient Persia. 

Sat'u-rate,  v.  t.  To  cause  to 
become  completely  soaked. 

Sat/u-ra'tion,  n.  State  of 
being  saturated. 

Sat'ur-day,  n.  The  last  day 
of  the  week. 

Sat'urn,_w.   A  remote  planet. 

Sat'ur-na'li-a,  n.  pi.  Festi- 
val of  Saturn ;  unrestrained 
license  and  merriment. 

Sat'ur-na'li-an,  a.  Riotously 
merry ;  dissolute. 

Sat'ur-nlne,  a.  Grave; 
_heavy;  dull;  phlegmatic. 

Sa'tyr,  n.  A  fabulous  sylvan 
deity,  half  man,  half  goat. 

Sauge,  n.  Something  eaten 
with  food  to  improve  its 
relish.  —  v.  t.  To  apply 
sauce  to ;  to  be  impudent  or 
saucy  to. 

Sauge'bSx,  n.  A  saucy  fellow. 

Sau'ger,  n.  A  vessel  for  a 
teacup. 

Sm'qi-ly,  adv.    Impudently. 

Siu'gy,  a.     Pert ;  impudent. 

Siiun'ter  (san'ter),  v.  t.  To 
wander  about  idly. 


Sau'ri-an,  n.  A  reptile  of  the 
lizard  kind. 

Sau'sage,  n.  A  roll  of 
minced  and  highly  seasoned 
jueat  stuffed  into  a  skin. 

Sav'a-ble  (11),  a.  Capable  of 
being  saved. 

Sav'age,  a.  Uncivilized  ; 
barbarous  ;  cruel.  —  n.  An 
uncivilized  person  ;  one  who 
delights  in  cruelty.  [ly. 

Sav'age-ly,  adv.  Barbarous- 

Sav'age-ness,  n.  Barbarous- 
ness  ;  cruelty  ;  wildness. 

Sav'age-ry,  n.    Barbarity. 

Sa-van'na  (18),  n.  An  open 
meadow  or  plain. 

Savant  (sa/vong'),  n.  A  man 
of  learning. 

Save,  v.  t.  To  preserve ;  to 
rescue  ;  to  spare  ;  to  except. 
'.—  v.  i     To  avoid  expense. 

Sav'ing,  a.  Frugal  ;  eco- 
nomical.—  n.  That  which 
is  saved.  —  prep.  With  the 
exception  of. 

Sav'ior    )  (33),  n.    One  who 

Sav'iour  I  preserves  ;  our 
Lord  Jesus  Christ. 

Sa'vor  (33),  n.  Taste  ;  relish  ; 
odor  ;  smell ;  scent.  —  v.  i. 
To  have  a  taste  or  smell. 

Sa'vor-y,  a.  Pleasing  to  the 
taste  or  smell.  [bage. 

Sa-voy',  n.  A  kind  of  cab- 
Saw,  n.  An  instrument  to 
cut  boards,  &c. ;  a  saying ;  a 
proverb.  —  v.  t.  or  ?'.  [imp. 
SAWED  :  p.  p.  SAWED, 
SAWN.]  '  To  cut  or  divide 
witli  a  saw. 

Saw'-pit,  n.  A  pit  for  a  man 
to  stand  in  when  sawing 
timber  placed  over  it. 

Saw'yer,  n.  One  who.-e  oc- 
cupation is  to  saw  wood,  &c. 

Sas'i-frage,  n.  A  hardy 
plant  growing  on  rocks. 

Sax'on  (or  saks'n),  a.  Per- 
taining to  the  Saxons. — n. 
The  language  of  the  Saxons. 

Say  (14),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
sai D.\  To  speak ;  to  utter  ; 
to  tell  ;  to  affirm  ;  to  re- 
cite ;  to  report.  —  n.  A 
speech ;  something  said. 

Say'ing,  n.  An  expression  ; 
sentence  uttered  ;  a  maxim. 


Seab,  n.  Incrustation  over 
a  sore  or  wound.        [sword. 

S-eab'bard,  n.    Sheath  of  a 

S«ab'bed,  a.  Covered  with 
i      scabs,  paltry,  vile. 

Scab'by,  a.    Full  of  scabs. 

S-ea/brous,  a.  Having  short, 
hard  points ;  rough  ;  rugged. 

S-eaf'fold,  n.  A  staging  for 
workmen,  or  for  the  execu- 
tion of  a  criminal. 

S-eaf'fold-ing,  n.  Frame  or 
structure  for  temporary  sup- 
port. 

S-eagl-io'la  (skal-yo'-),  n.  A 
species  of  stucco  made  to 
imitate  marble. 

Sea-lade',  n.  Assault  with 
ladders  on  a  besieged  place. 

Seald,  v.  t.  To  burn  by  a 
hot  liquid  or  steam.  —  n.  A 
burning  with  hot  liquor  or 
steam  ;  scurf  on  the  head. 

Seald,  n.  An  old  Norse  bard. 

Seald'-head,  n.  An  eruptive 
disorder  of  the  hairy  scalp. 

Seale,  n.  Dish  of  a  balance  ; 
one  of  the  membranous  or 
bony  pieces  forming  the 
covering  of  a  fish  ;  grada- 
tion ;  gamut.  —  v.  t.  To 
strip  of  scales  ;  to  mount 
by  or  as  if  by  a  ladder. — 
v.  i.  To  clear  of  scales  ;  to 
take  off  in  thin  layers. 

Sea-lene',  a.  Having  three 
unequal  sides  and  angles. 

Sea/li-ness,  n.  State  or  qual- 
ity of  being  scaly. 

Seall'ion,  n.  A  plant  allied 
to  the  onion. 

Seal'lop,  n.  A  marine  shell- 
fish; a  curved  indentation 
on  the  edge  of  any  tiling.  — 
v.  t.  To  cut  the  edge  of 
into  segments  of  circle's. 

Sealp,  n.  Skin  of  the  top  cf 
the  head.  —  v.  t.  To  take 
off  the  scalp  of.  [knife. 

Sealp'el,    n.      A    surgeon's 

Seal'y,  a.  Abounding  with 
scales ;  rough. 

Seam'mo-ny,  n.  A  plant 
and  an  inspissated  sap  ob- 
tained from  it. 

Se'imp,  n.    A  knavish  fellow. 

Seimp'er,  v.  i.  To  run  with 
I     speed  or  hurry. 


a,  5, 1,  o,  ii,  y,  long ;  it,  e,  1, 6,  ti,  y ,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  Ore,  veil,  tCrm ;  pique,  firm  ; 


SCAN 


233 


SCINTILLATE 


Scan  (7),  «.  t.  To  examine 
closely  ;  to  measure  by 
counting  the  poetic  feet. 

Scan'dal,  n.  Imputed  dis- 
grace ;  defamatory  speech  or 
report  ;  calumny. 

Scan'dal-Ize,  v.t.  To  offend  ; 
to  defame  ;  to  reproach.^^ 

Scan'dal-ous,  a.  Bisgrj^ceftny 
to  reputation  ;  defamatory: 

Scan  ning,  n.  Act  of  resolv- 
ing verse  into  its  com- 
tfeet. 

S-4--  \  sion,  n.  Act  of  scan- 
ning verse.  [climbing. 

Scan-so'ri-al,  a.    Adapted  to 

Scant,  v.  t.  To  limit ;  to 
straiten  ;  to  make  scanty. — 
a.  Scarcely  sufficient.  — 
adv.    Not  quite. 

Scant' i-ly,  I  adv.     Not  fully 

Scanfly,     J     or  sufficiently. 

Scant' i-ness,  )  n.    Want  of 

Scanfness,    )       sufficiency. 

Scant'ling,  n.  A  narrow 
piece  of  timber. 

Scarify,  n.  Hardly  sufficient ; 
sparing ;  niggardly  ;  scant. 

Scape,  n.  A  peduncle  rising 
from  the  ground  and  bear- 
ing the  fructification  in  its 
apex. 

Scape'-goat  (17),  n.  One 
who  sutlers  for  the  misdeeds 
of  others. 

Scape'-grace,  v.  A  grace- 
less, hair-brained  fellow. 

Scap'u-la,  n.  (pi.  Scap'u-las  ) 
The  shoulder-blade. 

Scap'u-lar,  a.  Belonging  to 
the  shoulder  or  scapula. 

Scap'u-la-ry,  n.  Part  of  an 
ecclesiastical  habit. 

Scar,  n.  Mark  of  a  wound.  — 
v.  t.    To  mark  with  a  scar. 

Scarce,  a.  Uncommon  ;  rare  ; 
not  abundant. 

Scarce'ly,  adv.  Hardly  ; 
with  difficulty. 

Scar'ci-ty,  n.  Beficiency  ; 
want ;  lack  ;  dearth. 

Scare,  v.  t.  To  terrify  sud- 
denly ;  to  frighten ;  to  af- 
fright. 

Scare'crSw,  n.  A  thing  set 
up  to  frighten  birds. 

Scarf  (18),  n.  A  loose  cover- 
ing of  cloth ;  part  cut  away 


from  a  timber  to  make  it 
form  a  joint  with  another. 
—  v.  t.  To  throw  on  loose- 
ly ;  to  cut  a  scarf  on,  as  for 
a  joint  on  timber. 

Scarf-skin,  n.  Outer  thin 
skin  ;  cuticle. 

Scafi-fi-ca'tion,  n.  A  slight 
incision  of  the  skin. 

Sear'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  scratch 
and  cut,  as  the  skin.      [ver. 

Scar'la-ti'na,  n.    Scarlet  fe- 

Scar-laf  i-nous,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  scarlet  fever. 

Scar'let,  n.  An  orange-red 
color.  —  a.  Of  an  orange- 
red  color. 

Scar'let  Fe'ver*.  A  conta- 
gious disorder,  characterized 
by  a  scarlet  rash. 

Scarp,  n.  Interior  slope  of  a 
ditch  nearest  the  parapet. 

Scath,    )  v.  t.     To  do  harm 

Scathe,  )  to  ;  to  injure  ;  to 
damage  ;  to  destroy. 

Scath'less,  a.  Without  harm. 

Scafter,  v.  t.  To  spread 
thinly;  to  disperse;  to  dis- 
sipate ;  to  strew  about. 

Scav'en-ger,  n.  One  em- 
ployed to  clean  streets. 

Scene,  n  A  stage  ;  subordi- 
nate part  of  a  play ;  exhibi- 
tion ;  place  of  exhibition. 

Sgen'er-y,  n.  Painted  rep- 
resentation of  the  scenes  in 
a  play  ;  landscape. 

Scen'ic.  or  Sce'nic, )  a.Bra- 

Sgen'ic-al  (sen'-),  J  matic : 
theatrical. 

Sge-nog'ra-phy,  n.  Repre- 
sentation in  perspective. 

Sc§nt,  n.  Odor  ;  smell ;  sense 
of  smell.  —  v.  t.  To  smell  ; 
to  perfume. 

Sgenfless,  a.  Having  no 
smell. 

Sgep'ter,  )  n.    Ensign  of roy- 

Sgep-tre,  J      alty. 

Scep'tic,  n.  See  Skeptic. 

Sched'ule  (sked'yiji),  n.  An 
inventory  of  property, 
debts,  &c. ;  list ;  catalogue. 

Scheme  (skSm),  n.  Apian; 
project ;  contrivance.  —  v.  t . 
To  plan  ;  to  contrive. 

Schem'er,  n.  A  contriver. 

Schigm   (stzm),  n.    Bivision 


or  separation,  especially  in 
a  church. 

Schi§-maf ic  (siz-miifik),  n. 
One  guilty  of  schism. 

Schis-rnaf  ic      \  (siz-),      a. 

Schis-maf  ic-al  j  Pertaining 
to, 'or  partaking  of,  schism. 

Schdi'ar  (skOPar),  n.  A  learn- 
er ;  a  learned  person ;  a  pu- 
pil ;  a  disciple. 

Sch61'ar-like,  I  a.    Like,  or 

Schol'ar-ly,  )  becoming, 
a  scholar.  [erudition. 

Schdl'ar-ship,  n.    Learning  ; 

Scho-las'tic,  a.  Pertaining 
to  a  school,  or  to  the  school- 
men of  the  middle  ages. 

Scho-las'ti-gism,  _  n.  The 
method  or  the  subtiltics  of 
the  schools.  [tor. 

Scho'li-ast,  n.   A  commenta- 

Scho'li-um,  n.  (Lat.  pi. 
Scho'li-a ;  Eng.  pi.  Scho'- 
li-ums.)  An  explanatory 
observation. 

School  (skdbl),  n.  A  place  of 
discipline  and  instruction  ; 
a  sect.  —  v.  t.  To  instruct  ; 
to  tutor  ;  to  discipline. 

School'-fel'low,  n.  One  bred 
at  the  same  school  and  time 
with  another. 

School'-house,  n.  A  house 
for  a  school. 

Schqol'ing,  n.    Instruction. 

School'man  (21),  n.  One 
versed  in  scholastic  divinity. 

Schdbl'-mas'ter,  n.  A  male 
teacher  of  a  school. 

Schdbn'er,  n.  A 
small,  sharp-built 
vessel,  usually 
with  two  masts. 

SKjI-4t'i«,o.  Affect-  Schooner> 
ing  the  hip. 

Sgi-afic-a,  n.  P«,heumatism 
in  the  hip. 

Sgi'enge,  n.  Knowledge ;  col- 
lection of  general  principles ; 
philosophical  knowledge. 

Scfen-tif ic,       )  a.    Accoru- 

SgPen-tif  ic-al, )  ing  to,  or 
versed  in,  science. 

Sgin'til-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
sparkling  or  twinkling. 

Sgln 'til-late,  v.  t.  To  emit 
sparks  ;  to  sparkle  ;  to 
twinkle. 


i.    A  male 

M 


eon,  or ,  do,  wolf,  tub .  tobk ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft  ;  e,  g,  hard ;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


SCIOLISM 

ScJ'o-lism,  n.  Superficial 
knowledge. 

SQl'o-list,  n.  A  superficial 
scholar ;  a  smatterer. 

Scl'on,  n.  Shoot  of  a  plant 
cut  for  ingrafting. 

S-eir-rhos'i-ty  (sklr-ros'-),  n. 
A  morbid  induration,  as  of 
a  gland. 

S-eir'rhcus  (skir'rus),  a.  In- 
durated. 

Scir'rhus  (sklr'rus),  n.  A 
hard  tumor  in  the  ilesh. 

Sc,Is'sion  (slzh'un),  n.  A  di- 
viding by  means  of  a  sharp 
instrument. 

Scis'gors  (siz'zurz),n.  ;//.  A 
small  cutting  instrument. 

Scle-r6t'ic,  a.  Hard  or  firm, 
as  the  outer  coat  of  the  eve. 

Sc6ff  (l),r.  i.  or  I.  To  treat 
with  scorn ;  to  mock  ;  to 
jeer.  —  n.  Expression  of 
scorn  ;  mockery  ;  derision. 

Scold,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  find  fault : 
to  chide.  —  «.  One  who 
scolds ;  a  shrew. 

Scold'ing,  n.  Act  of  chiding. 

Sconce,  n.  A  fixed  hanging 
or  projecting  candlestick  ; 
the  skull ;  sense. 

Scoop,  n.  A  large  ladle  ;  a 
sweep.  — v.  I.  To  lade  out ; 
to  cut  into  a  hollow. 

Scope,  n.  Sweep  or  range  of 
the  eye  or  mind;  that  at 
which  one  aims ;  free  course. 
—  SYPf.  Space ;  room  ;  in- 
tention ;  tendency  ;  drift. 

Scor-bu'tic,  a.  Diseased  with 
scurry. 

Scorch,  v.  t.  To  burn  on  the 
surface. 

Score,  n.  A  notch  ;  a  tally- 
mark  ;  twenty  ;  a  reckoning ; 
account. — v.  t.  To  notch  ; 
to  cut ;  to  mark ;  to  charge. 

Sco'ri-a,  n.  Dross ;  recre- 
ment ;  slag. 

Scorn,  n.  Extreme  and  pas- 
sionate contempt. — ;•.  t.  To 
hold  in  extreme  contempt ;  ' 
to  contemn ;  to  disdain. 

Scorn'er,  n.  One  who  scorns. 

Scorn'ful  (17),  a.  Full  of 
scorn  ;  expressive  of  scorn  ; 
disdainful ;  haughty  ;  con- 
temptuous. 


234 


<# 


Scorpion. 


S-cor'pi-on,  n.  A 

reptile. 

Scot,  n.  A  na- 
tive of  Scot 
land ;  a  tax  or 
fine. 

Scotch,  a.  Pertaining  to  Scot- 
land. —  v.t.  To  stop,  as  a 
wheel,  from  rolling  back ;  to 
cut  slightly. 

Scdtch'-col'lops,  n .  pi.  Yeal 
cut  into  small  pieces. 

Sc6t'-frec,  a.  Excused  from 
payment. 

Sc6t'ti-c,i§m,  n.  An  idiom  of 
the  Scots. 

Scot'tish,  a.  Pertaining  to 
Scotland  or  to  the  kcots. 

Scoun'drel,  n.  A  mean, 
worthless  fellow  ;  a  rascal. 

Scoun'drel-ism,  n.  Conduct 
of  a  scoundrel. 

Sccur,  v.t.  To  clean  by  rub- 
bing hard. 

Scourge  (skflrj),  n.  A  whip  ; 
a  lash  ;  punishment.  — .v.  t. 
To  whip  severely. 

Scent,  n.  One  sent  to  dis- 
cover the.  movements  and 
condition  of  an  enemy  ;  a 
spy.  —  v.  i.  To  act  as  a 
scout.  —  v.  t.    To  sneer  at. 

Scow,  11.  A  large  Hat-bot- 
tomed boat. 

SCOWl,  v.  i.  To  wrinkle  the 
brows  in  displeasure.  —  n. 
A  wrinkling  of  the  brows  in 
frowning. 

Scrab'bie,  v.  To  scrape  rude- 
ly; to  scramble;  to  i crawl. 

Scrag,  n.  Something  lean 
and  thin  ;  a  neck-piece  of 
meat. 

Scrag'ged,  1  a.  Broken  ;  lean 

Scrag'gy,    I      and  rough. 

Scrag'gi-ness,  v.  Rugged- 
ncss  of  surface;  leanness. 

Scram'ble,  v.  i.  To  clamber 
with  hands  and  knees.  —  n. 
A  scrambling  or  climbing. 

Scrap,  n.  A  little  piece":  a 
fragment :  a  ennnb  ;  a  bit. 

Scrap'-took,  n.  A  blank 
book  for  extracts. 

Scrape,  v.  t.  To  rub  with  a 
rough  tool.  —  v  i.  To  make 
an  awkward  bow. — n.  A 
disagreeable  predicament. 


SCROFULA 

Scrap'er,  n.  An  instrument 
for  scraping  and  cleaning. 

Scratch,  v.  t.  or  »'.  To  rub 
and  tear  the  surface  of. — 
n.  A  slight  wound;  a  sort 
of  wig ;  (pi.)  dry  scabs  be- 
tween a  horse's  heel  and 
pastern  joint. 

Scrawl,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  write 
or  mark  awkwardly.  —  n. 
Hasty,  bad  writing.        [ed. 

Scraw'ny,  a.    Meagre ;  wast- 

Screak,  v.  n.  To  creak,  as  a 
door.  —  n.    A  creaking. 

Scream,  v.  i.  To  utter  a  sud- 
den, shrill  cry.  —  n.  A  shrill 
outcry  ;  a  screech. 

Screech,  r.  i.  To  shriek  :  to 
scream.  — n.  A  harsh,  shrill 
cry;  a  scream. 

Screed,  n.  A  wooden  rule  for 
running  moldings. 

Screen,  v.  t.  To  conceal ;  to 
shelter ;  to  defend  ;  to  pass 
through  a  screen.  —  n. 
Something  that  shelters,  or 
shuts  off  view,  &c.  ;  a  parti- 
tion ;  a  long,  coarse  sieve. 

Screw  (skru),  n. 
A  cj  linder,  or  a 
cylindrical  per- 
foration, grooved 
spirally,  used  for 
various  pur-  j 

poses.  —  v.  /.To/ 
fasten    with 


screw. 
Scrib'tle, 


Screw. 

or  t.    To  write 

v. ithout  caie.  —  n.   Careless 

writing. 
Scrib'bler,  n.  A  petty  writer. 
Scribe,  n.  A  writer  ;  a  clerk  ; 

a  Jewish  teacher  of  the  law. 
Scrimp,  v.  t.  To  contract :  to 

shorten ;  to  scant,  [of  stock. 
Scrip,  n.  A  bag;  a  certificate 
Script,  n.    Type  in  the  form 

of  written  letters. 

Script'ur-al,  a.      Contained 

in,    or    according    to,    the 

Scriptures. 
Script'ure,  n.    The  Old  and 

New  Testaments. 
Scrivp'ner,    n.       One    who 

draws  contracts,  &c. 
Scr6f'u-la,  n.  A  disease  afiect- 


a,u,T,  o,  n,y,long ,-a,e,T,  5,  0,y,  short;  care, car,  usk,  p.Il,whfit ;  Ore,  vo.il,  term;  p.'que,  ITrm 


SCROFULOUS 


235 


SECEDER 


ing  the  lymphatic  glands, 
especially  those  of  the  neck. 

Scrofu-loiis,  a.  Diseased 
with  scrofula.  [up. 

Scroll  (1),  n.   A  writing  rolled 

Scrub,  n.  A  worn  brush  ;  a 
mean  drudge.  —  v.  To  rub 
hard  with  something  coarse. 

Scrub'by,  a.  Small  and 
mea  1 ;  stunted  in  growth. 

Scru  le,  n.  A  doubt ;  hesita- 
tu:  a  weight  of  20  grains. 
'To  doubt ;  to  hesitate. 

Scru/pu-I6s'i-ty,M.  Quality 
of  being  scrupulous. 

Scru'pu-lous,  a.  Hesitating 
or  doubtful ;  careful ;  cau- 
tious ;  conscientious. 

Scru'ti-mze ,  v.  t.  To  exam- 
ine or  search  closely . 

Seru/ti-ny,  n.   Close  search. 

Scrti-toire'  (skrjj-twor'),  n. 
A  case  of  drawers  for  papers,  j 

Scud,  v.  i.  To  be  driven  with 
haste.  —  n.        A  low  thin  i 
cloud  driven  by  the  wind. 

S€iif'fle,  n.  A  confused  quar-  ! 
rel  or  contest.  —  v.  i.  To  j 
strive  with  close  grapple. 

Scull,  7i.  A  short  oar  ;  a  | 
boat.  —  v.  t.  To  impel,  as  • 
a  boat,  by  turning  an  oar  at 
the  stern. 

Scull'er-y,  n.  A  place  for 
keeping  kitchen  utensils, 
and  doing  dirty  work. 

Scull'ion,  n.  A  menial  serv- 
ant in  the  kitchen.       [ures. 

Sculpt'or,  n  One  who  sculpt- 

Sculpt'ure,n.  Art  of  carving 
stone  or  wood  into  images ; 
carved  work. — v.  t.  To 
carve  ;  to  cut ;  to  engrave. 

Scum,  n.  Froth  or  impuri- 
ties on  the  surface  of  liquor. 
—  v.  t.  To  take  the  scum 
from ;  to  skim. 

Sciip'per,  n.  A  hole  or  chan- 
nel cut  through  the  side  of  \ 
a  ship   to  discharge  water 
from  the  deck. 

Scurf,  n.  A  dry  scab  ;  mealy 
crust.  [being  scurfy. 

Seurf'i-ness(13),  n.   State  of 

Scurfy,  a.  Having  scurf. 

Scur'nle,        I  a.  Grossly  op- 

Scur'ril-ous,  J  probrious ; 
low  ;  mean. 


Scur-ril'i-ty,  n.  Vulgar,  abu- 
sive language. 

Scur'vy,  n.  A  disease.  —  a. 
Scurfy  ;  low  ;  mean  ;  Tile. 

Scutch'eon,  n.  An  orna- 
mental bit  of  brass  plate, 
perforated  with  a  key-hole. 

Scii'ti-form,  a.  Having  the 
form  of  a  shield. 

Scut'tle,  n.  A  metal  pail  for 
coals ;  a  hatchway  ;  opening 
in  the  roof  of  a  house  fur- 
nished with  a  lid.  —  v.  i.  or 
t.  To  sink  by  cutting  a  hole 
in  the  bottom. 

Scym'e-tar,  n.    See  Cimeter. 

Sgythe  (sith),  n.  An  instru- 
ment for  mowing  grass. 

Sea  (17),  n.  A  large  body  of 
salt  water,  less  than  an 
ocean  ;  the  ocean  ;  a  high 
wave. 

Sea'-board,  n.  The  sea-shore. 

Sea'-breeze,  n.  A  current  of 
air  from  the  sea.  [sea. 

Sea'-coast,  n.    Shore  of  the 

Sea'-el'e-phant,  n.  A  kind 
of  seal. 

Sea'-far'er,  n.  A  mariner ;  a 
seaman ;  a  sailor. 

Sea'- faring,  a.  Following 
the  business  of  a  seaman. 

Sea'-fight  (-fit),  n.  A  naval 
engagement. 

Sea'-green,  a.  Having  the 
color  of  sea-water. 

Sea'-horse,  n.  The  walrus  ; 
also,  the  hippopotamus. 

Seal,  n.  A  ma- 
rine animal  ; 
a  stamp  with 
a  device  on  it ; 
wax  impressed 
with  a  seal.  — 
i\.  t.  (8)  To  Seal, 
ax  a  seal  to  ;  to  fasten  with 
ajseal:  to  ratify;  to  confirm. 

Seal'ing-wax,  n.  A  sub- 
stance for  sealing  letters. 

Seam,».  The  joining  of  two 
edges  of  cloth  ;  any  line  of 
junction. — v.  t.  To  make 
a  seam  on  or  of;  to  mark 
with  something  like  a  seam. 

Sea'man  (21),  n.    A  sailor. 

Sea'man-ship,  n.  Skill  in 
navigating,  [seam. 

Seam'less,    a.      Having   no 


Sea'-mew,  n.   A  gull. 

Seam'stress,  n.  A  woman 
_whose  occupation  is  sewing. 

Sea'-port,  n.  A  port  or  har- 
bor on  the  sea-coast. 

Sear,  v.  t.  To  burn  the  sur- 
face of;  to  cauterize.  —  a. 
Dry ;  withered. 

Search,  v.t.  To  seek  for ;  to 
look  lor ;    to  inquire  after. 

—  v.  i.     To  seek  ;  to  hunt. 

—  n.   A  seeking  ;  quest. 
Search'er,    n.         One  who 

searches ;  a  seeker. 

Search/ing,  a.  Trying ;  close. 

Sea'-rqom,  n.  Ample  dis- 
tance from  land. 

Sea'-shell,  n.  A  marine  shell. 

Sea'-shore,  n.  The  coast  of 
_the  sea  or  ocean. 

Sea'-sick,  a.  Affected  with 
nausea  at  sea.  [sea. 

Sea'side,  n.     Land  near  the 

Sea'sonfsG'zn),  h.  A  fit  time; 
a  brief  period ;  a  division  of 
the  year.  —  v.  t.  To  render 
palatable;  to  spice;  to  dry, 
as  timber. 

Sea'gon  a-ble,  a.  Occurring 
in  due  season  or  in  good 
time ;  opportune  ;  timely. 

Sea'son-a-bly,  adv.  In  due 
time ;  sufficiently  early. 

Sea'son-ing,  n.  That  which 
seasons  ;  act  of  drying. 

Sea'-weed, «.  One  of  a  clas3 
of  marine  plants. 

Sea'-wor'thi-ness  (-wuV- 
thi-),  n.  Quality  of  being 
sea-worthy ;  fitness  for  a 
voyage. 

Sea'-wor'thy  (wOr'thy),  a. 
Able  to  encounter  the  vio- 
lence of  the  sea. 

Seat,  n.  A  chair;  bench: 
place  of  sitting  :  mansion  ; 
abode.  —  v.  t.  To  place  on 
a  seat.  [sea. 

Sea/ward,  adv.    Toward  the 

Se-'ba'ceous,  a.  Fat ;  like  fat ; 
yielding  fatty  secretions. 

Se'cant,  n.     A 
line 

another. 
Ch 


i'cant,  n.    A  D 

line  that  cuts    \^     s^  I 
another.  —  a.        ^<T 

Cutting.         -  f\L 

**C6Cl6'      V.    1. 

To_  withdraw,    c  d,   Secant. 
,    "«    Se-Qed'er,«.  One  who  secedes. 

s6n,  or,  dp,  wolf,  to"o,  tdbk;  flrn,  rue,  pull;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as.  ;  ex,ist ;  I  as  ng;  this- 


SECESSION 


236 


SEIZIN 


Se-c8s'sion  (-sesh'un),  n.  Act 
of  seceding  or  withdrawing. 

Seck'el  (sCk/1),  n.  A  small, 
delicious  variety  of  pear. 

Se-eiude',  v.  t.  To  shut  up 
in  retirement. 

Se~elu'sion,  n.  Act  of  with- 
drawing ;  retirement ;  sepa- 
ration; withdrawal. 

Se-e'ond,  a.  Next  to  the  first ; 
interior.  —  n.  The  next  to 
the  first;  60th  part  of  a 
minute ;  attendant  in  a  duel. 
—  v.  t.   To  support ;  to  aid. 

Se-e'ond-a-ri-ly,  adv.  In  a 
secondary  manner  or  de- 
gree, [nate. 

See'ond-a-ry,   a.      Subordi- 

Se-e'ond-hand,  a.  Not  new  ; 
previously  owned  by  an- 
other, [ond  place. 

SSe'ond-ly,  adv.    In  the  sec- 

See'onds,  n.  pi.  A  coarse 
kind  of"  flour.        [eealment. 

Se'ere-cy,  n.     Privacy  ;  con- 

Se'-eret,  a.  Concealed;  se- 
cluded ;  hidden  ;  unseen  ; 
private.  —  n.  Something 
unknown  or  hidden. 

See're-ta-ry,  n.  One  who 
writes  for  others  ;  head  of  a 
particular  department  of 
government ;  a  piece  of  fur- 
niture for  writing  at. 

See're-ta-ry-shlp  (13),  n. 
Office  of  a  secretary. 

Se-erete',  v.  t.  To  remove 
from  observation.  —  SYN. 
To  hide;  conceal. 

Se--ere'tion,  >i.  A  separation 
of  juices ;  fluid  secreted. 

Se'-eret-ly,  adv.  In  a  secret 
manner.  [secretion. 

Se'ere-to-ry,  a.     Performing 

Seet,  n.  A  religious  denomi- 
nation or  school. 

See-ta'ri-an,«.  Pertaining  to 
a  sect  or  to  sects.  —  n.  One  j 
of  a  sect.         [tion  to  a  sect.  | 

See-ta/ri-an-Tsm,  n.    Devo- 

SSe'ta-rist,  I  n.  A  follower  of 

Seet'a-ry,    J     a  sect. 

SSe'tile,  a.  Capable  of  being 
cut,  especially  of  being  cut 
smoothly. 

See'tion,  n.  A  cutting  off; 
division  :  portion,    [section. 

SS-C'tion-al,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 


SS-ct'or,  n.  Part  of  a 
a  circle  between  /CT^N 
two  radii  and  the  I  \J  \ 
included  arc  ;  a  I  c  J 
mathematical  in-  \^_^/ 
strument.  acb.  Sector. 

See'u-lar,  a.  Worldly  ;  not 
spiritual. — n.     A  layman. 

See'u-lar-ize,  v.  t.  To  con- 
vert to  a  secular  use. 

See'u-lar'i-ty,  n.  A  worldly 
disposition. 

Se-eure',  a.  Free  from  fear 
or  danger ;  safe.  —  v.  t.  To 
make  safe.  [be  safe. 

Se-eure'ly  (10),  adv.  So  as  to 

Se-eur'i-ty  (11),  n.  Freedom 
from  danger ;  safety  ;  pledge. 

SB-dan',  n.  A  portable  cov- 
ered vehicle  for  a  single  per- 
son, [turbed ;  quiet. 

Se-date',  a.      Calm ;    undis- 

Sed'a-tive,  a.  Allaying  irrita- 
bility and  irritation. —  n.  A 
remedy  that  allays  irritabil- 
ity and  irritation. 

Sed'en-ta-ry,  a.  Accustomed 
to  sit  much. 

Sedge,  n.     A  coarse  grass. 

Sedg'y,  a.  Pertaining  to,  or 
overgrown  with,  sedge. 

Sed'i-ment,  n.  That  which 
settles  at  the  bottom  ;  lees. 

Sed'i-ment'a-ry,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  consisting  of,  sedi- 
ment ;  feculent. 

Se-di'tion  (-dTsh'un),  n.  Tu- 
mult;  insurrection. 

Se-di'tioiis  (-dlsh'us),  a.  En- 
gaged in  sedition. 

Se-duge',  v.  t.  To  lead  astray 
by  evil  arts ;  to  corrupt. 

Se-du'cer,  n.  One  who  se- 
duces or  corrupts. 

Se-due'tion,  n.  Leading 
astray  from  virtue. 

Se-du-e'tive,  n.  Enticing 'to 
evil ;  tending  to  seduce. 

Se-du'li-ty,  n.  Great  dili- 
gence. 

Sed'u-lous,  a.   Very  diligent. 

Sed'u-lous-ly,  adv.  With  ap- 
plication ;  assiduously. 

See,  h.  The  seat  of  episcopal 
power  ;  a  diocese.  —  v.  t. 
[imp.  SAW  ;  p.  p.  SEEN.]  To 
perceive  by  the  eye ;  to  be- 
hold ;  to  discover. 


Seed,  n.  That  which  pro- 
duces animals  or  plants  ; 
original ;  offspring  ;  race. 

Seed'-eake,n.  A  sweet  cake, 
containing  aromatic  seeds. 

Seed'ling,  n.  A  plant  spring- 
ing from  a  seed. 

Seeds/man  (21),  n.  One  who 
deaTs  in  seeds. 

Seed'-tlme,  n.  The  season 
for  sowing. 

Seed'-ves'sel,  n.  A  vessel 
containing  seed. 

Seed'y,  a.  Abounding  with 
seeds ;  shabbily  clothed. 

Seek,  v.  t.  [i?np.  &  p.  p. 
sought.]  To  look  for;  to 
endeavor  to  find. 

Seek'er,  n.  One  who  seeks 
or  searches ;  an  inquirer. 

Seem,  v.  i.  To  appear  ;  to 
have  a  show. 

Seem/ing,  n.  Appearance ; 
show  ;  semblance.  —  a. 

Apparent ;  specious. 

Seem'ing-ly,  adv.  In  ap- 
pearance ;  apparently. 

Seem'ly,  a.  Becoming;  de- 
cent ;  decorous ;  fit. 

Seen,  p.  p.  of  See.  Perceived. 

Seer,  n.  One  who  foresees 
events ;  a  prophet. 

See'saw,  v.  A  reciprocating 
motion  up  and  down.  [coct. 

Seethe,  v.  t.    To  boil ;  to  de- 

Seg'ment,  n.  A 
part  cut  off  from 
a  figure  by  a  line 
or  plane. 

Seg're-gate,  v.  t.    V — S 
To  separate  ;    to    a  c  h,  Seg- 
set  apart.  ™.e"'  of  a 

Seg're-ga'tion,*.     circle- 
Separation  from  others. 

Seign-eii'ri-al  (sen-ii'ri-al), 
a.  Vested  with  large  pow- 
ers ;  manorial. 

Seign'ior  (seen'yur),  n.  A 
lord. 

Seign'ior-age  (seen'yur-),  n. 
A  royal  right ;  profit  or  per- 
centage. 

Seign'ior-y  (seen'yur-),  n.  A 
lordship ;  a  manor. 

Seine,  n.  A  large  fishing-net. 
I  Seize,  v.  t.    To  take  sudden- 
j      ly  ;  to  snatch  ;  to  grasp. 
i  Sei'zin,  n.     Possession  of  an 


5,  S,I,  5,  u,y, long;  a,  S,  1,6,0,  y,  short;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what;  ere,  veil,  term;  pique,  firm  ; 


SEIZURE 


237 


SENTRY-BOX 


estate    in    freehold  ;    thing 
possessed. 
Seiz'ure,  n.    Act  of  seizing;  j 

the  thing  seized.  [often . 

Sel'dom,   ail-v.     Rarely  ;    not  I 
Se-le«t',  v.  t.'  To  choose  from 
a    number  ;    to    cull.  —  a.  j 
Taken  from  a  number  ;  well  . 
chosen.  [ing ;  choice,  j 

Se-lc-:  'tion,  n.     Act  of  select- 
Se-le  "man  (21);  n.    A  town 
;  to  manage  the  con-  ! 
4  of  the  town. 
Sel'e-nog'ra-phy,  n.    A  de-  | 
scription  of  the  surface  of  j 
the  moon. 
Self  (20),  pron.  or  a.   A  person 

as  a  distinct  individual. 
Self-eon-geit',    n.        High  : 
opinion  of  one's  powers  or 
endowments ;  vanity. ^ 
Self-de-ni'al,  n.     Denial  of  j 

personal  gratification. 
Self-es-teem',  n.  Good  opin- 1 
ion   of  one's  self  ;    compla-  i 
cency. 
Self-ev'i-dent,  a.     Needing 
no  proof;   evident  without 
proof  or  reasoning. 
Self-ex-ist'ent,  a.    Existing  ; 

of  or  6y  himself;  solely. 
Self-in'ter-est,  n:     Private 

interest  or  advantage. 
Selfish,  a.     Regarding  one's  \ 

own  interest  solely. 
Self  ish-ly,  adv.  With  undue 

self-love. 
Selfish-ness,  n.    Regard  to 

one's  own  interest  solely. 
Self-love',  n.     Love  of  self. 
Selfsame,  a.     Exactly  the 

same;  identical. 
Self-will',  n.  One's  own  will ; 

obstinacy. 
Sell  (1),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
sold.]     To  transfer  to  an- 
other for  an  equivalent. 
Sell'er,  n.     One  who  sells. 
Sel'vage,    I  n.  Edge  of  c,loth 
SSl'vedge,  J      woven  so  as  to 

prevent  raveling. 

Selves,  pi.  of  Self. 

Sem'blanQe,    n.      Seeming  ; 

show  ;    likeness.         [yearly. 

Sem'i-an'nu-al,    a.        Haif- 

Sem'i-breve,    n.      A  whole 

note  ;  the  longest  note  now 

in  general  use. 


SSm'i-cir/-ele  ( -sTr'- 
kl),  n.  Half  of  a 
circle. 

Sem'i-eo'lon,  n.  AV         J 

point    (marked;),    ^ 

used     in     writing   Semicir- 
and  printing. 

Sem;Y*di-am'e-ter,n.  Haifa 
diameter.  [a  half  moon,  j 

SenVi-lu'nar,  a.  In  form  like 

Sem'i-nal,  a.  Pertaining  to 
seed ;  original ;  radical. 

Sem'i-na-ry,  n.    A  place  of 
education  ;  a  college  ;  acad- 
emy ;  school.  —  a.  Pertain-  j 
ing  to  seed. 

Sem'i-qua'ver,  n.  A  note  of 
half   the    duration    of   the  j 
quaver. 

Sem'i-t5ne,  n.    Haifa  tone,    i 

Sem'i-vow'el,  n.  A  sound  in- 1 
termediate  between  a  vowel 
and  consonant,  or  the  sign 
representing  such  a  sound, 
as  iv  and  y.  [ing. 

SenVpi-ter'nal,  a.    Everlast- 

Semp'stress,  n.  See  Seam- 
stress. 

Sen'ate,  n.  A  council  of  sen- 
ators ;  the  upper  branch  of 
a  legislature.  [a  senate. 

Sen'a-tor,  *.     A  member  of 

Sen'a-to'ri-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  becoming,  a  senator. 

Sen'a-tor-ship,n.  The  office 
or  dignity  of  a  senator. 

Send,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SENT.]  To  cause  to  go;  to 
dispatch ;  to  transmit. 

Se-nes'genge,  n.  A  growing 
old  ;  decay  by  time. 

Sen'es-chal  (sen'e-shal),  n. 
Steward.  [age;  doting. 

Se'nile,  a.     Belonging  to  old 

Se-nil'i-ty,  n.  State  of  being 
senile  ;  old  age  ;  dotage. 

Sen'ior  (sOn'yur),.  n.  One 
older  than  another  ;  an  aged 

\  person.  —  a.  Older  in  age 
or  office.  [age  or  office. 

Sen-ior'i-ty,  n.     Priority  in 

i  Sen'na,w.   A  plant  the  leaves 

I      of  which  are  used  as  a.  ca- 

i      thartic.  [week. 

Sen'night    (sen'nit).   n.      A 
Sen-sa'tion,  n.  Perception  by 

i      the  senses  ;  state  of  excited 

!      interest. 


Sen-sa'tion-al,  a.  Attended 
by,  or  fitted  to  excite,  great 
interest. 
Sense,  n.  Faculty  by  which 
external  objects  are  per- 
ceived ;  sensation  ;  discern- 
ment :  opinion ;  meaning. 
SSnse'less,  a.  Wanting  sense; 

foolish  ;  stupid. 
Sen'si-bil'i-ty,  n.      Capabil- 
ity of  sensation  ;  acuteness 
of  perception. 
Sen'si-ble.a.  Capable  of  per- 
ceptions ;  perceptible  by  the 
senses.  —  Syn.    Intelligent ; 
wise  :  judicious. 
S6n'si-bly.  adv.  Perceptibly ; 
with  good  sense,  [or  feeling. 
Sen'si-tive,  a.    Having  sense 
Sen'si-tive-ness.n.   State  of 

being  sensitive. 
Sen'su-al  (sen'shu-),  a.     Af- 
fecti'ng  the  senses;  carnal; 
voluptuous. 
Sen'su-al-ism  (-shu-),  n     A 
state  of  subjection  to  sensu- 
al feelings  or  appetites 
Sen'su-al-ist  (-shy-),  n.   One 

devoted  to  sensuality. 
Sen'su-al'i-ty  (-shy-)',  n.  Free 
indulgence  in  carnal  or  sen- 
sual pleasures. 
Sent.  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Send. 
Sen'ten^e,  n.     A  judgment 
pronounced  ;  doom  ;  a  short 
saying  ;  a  maxim  ;  a  period 
in  writing.  — v.  t.  To  doom  ; 
to  condemn. 
Sen-ten'tial,  a.    Comprising 
sentences.  [pithy. 

Sen-ten'tious,  a.     Short  and 
Sen'tient,    a.       Having    the 
faculty    of    sensation    and 
perception. 
Sen'ti-ment,  n.     A  thought 
prompted  by  feeliug :  sensi- 
bility ;  opinion  ;  a  toast. 
Sen'ti-ment'al,  a.    Abound- 
ing with  sentiment ;  affect- 
edly tender. 
Sen  ti-ment'al-Ist,  v.     One 

who  affects  fine  feelings. 
SSn'ti-men-tal'i-ty,  n.     Af- 
fectation of  sensibility. 
SSn'ti-nel,  )  n.     A  soldier  on 
Sen'try,      J      guard. 
Sen'try-box,  n.     A  box  to 
I      shelter  a  sentinel. 


E6n,  or,  dp,,  wolf,  to~o,  took  ;  Grn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  €,  g,  hard ;  as,  ;  exjst ;  ij  as  ng :  this. 


SEPARABLE 


238 


SEVERAL 


Sep'a-ra-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  separated. 

Sep'a-rate,  v.  To  disunite; 
to  divide  ;   to  withdraw. 

Sep'a-rate,  a.  Divided;  dis- 
connected ;  distinct ;  single. 

Sep'a-rate-ly,  adv.  Singly ; 
distinctly. 

Sep'a-ra/tion,  n.  A  disjunc- 
tion ;  disunion  ;  divorce. 

SSp'a-ra'tist,  n.  A  dissenter  ; 
a  seceder. 

Se'poy,  n.  A  native  of  India 
ii>  the  military  service  of 
Europeans.      [seven  angles. 

Sept-an'gu-lar,  a.      Having 

Sep-tem'ber,  n.  The  ninth 
month  of  the  year,     [seven. 

Sep'ten-a-ry.  a.  Consisting  of 

Sep-ten'ni-al,  a.  Returning 
or  happening  every  seventh 
year ;  lasting  seven  years. 

Sep'tic,        I  a.      Tending   to 

Sep'tie-al,  j  produce  putre- 
faction. 

Sep'tu-a-ge-na'ri-an,  n.  A 
person  seventy  years  old. 

S5p'tu-a-glnt,  ».  A  Greek 
version  of  the  Old  Testa- 
ment, [much. 

Sep'tu-ple,  a.  Seven  times  as 

SSp'ul-eher  )  (29),     n.       A 

S6p'ul-ehre  J   grave  :  a  tomb. 

Se-pul'-ehral,a.  Relating  to 
burial ;  deep  ;  grave  ;  hollow. 

S§p'ul-ture,  it.  The  act  of 
burying  a  human  being. 

Se-qua'cious,  a.     Following. 

Se'quel,  n.  A  succeeding 
part :  consequence ;  event. 

Se'quenge,  n.  Order  of  fol- 
lowing; succession;  series. 

Se'quent,  a.     Following. 

Se-quSs'ter,     \  v.  t.  To  seize 

Se-ques'trate, )  and  bold  for 
a  time  ;  to  set  apart. 

Seq'ues-tra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
sequestering. 

SSq'ues-tra/tor,  n.  One  who 
sequesters,  or  has  the  keep- 
ing of  sequestered  property. 

Se'quin,  n.  A  gold  coin  of 
Italy,  and  also  of  Turkey. 

Se-ragl'io  (se-ral'yo),  n.  Pal- 
ace of  the  Turkish  sultan  ; 
a  harem . 

SSr'aph  (25),  n.  An  angel  of 
the  highest  order. 


Se-raph'i€,  a.  Angelic  ;  pure. 

Ser'a-phme,  n.  A  kind  of 
reed-organ. 

Ser'a-phim,  it.  pi.  of  Srmph. 

Ser'e-nade',  n.  Music  per- 
formed at  night  in  the  open 
air  in  compliment  to  some 
one.  —  v.  t.  To  entertain 
with  a  serenade. 

Se-rene',  a.  Calm  ;  quiet ; 
peaceful ;  a  title  of  honor. 

Se-ren'i-ty,  n.  Calmness ; 
clearness. 

Serf  (18),  n.  A  slave  employed 
in  husbandry. 

Serge,  n.  A  thin  woolen  stuff. 

Ser'geant  (sarjent  or  ser'- 
jent),  n.  A  non-commis- 
sioned military  officer  ;  a 
lawyer  of  high  rank. 

Se'ri-al,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 
series.  —  n.  A  tale  or  other 
writing,  issued  in  a  series  of 
numbers. 

Se'ries  (wsS'rY-Sz),*.  Order; 
succession ;  course. 

Se'ri-ous,  a.  Sober  ;  grave  ; 
earnest ;  weighty. 

Ser'mon,  n.  A  discourse 
grounded  on  a  text  of 
Scripture. 

Ser'mon -Ize,  v.  i.  To  write 
or  preach  a  sermon. 

Se-rdbn',  n.  A  package  of 
skins  for  drugs,  &c. 

Se-ros'i-ty,  n.  The  thin, 
watery  part  of  blood. 

Se'rous,  a.  Consisting  of 
serum;  thin;  watery. 

Ser'pent,  n.  A  creeping  an- 
imal ;  a  snake  ;  a  firework. 

Ser'pent-ine,  a.  Winding, 
as  a  serpent  ;  sinuous. 

Ser'rate,  a.  Notched  on  the 
edge,  like  a  saw.  [blood 

Se'rum,  n.     Thin  part  of  the 

Serv'ant,  n.  One  who  serves, 
or  labors  for,  another. 

Serve,  v.  t.  To  work  for;  to 
obey  ;  to  contribute  to  ;  to 
treat.  —  v.  i.  To  perform 
duties  ;  to  suit ;  to  be  of  use. 

Serv'lQe,  n.  Duty  of  a  serv- 
ant ;  military  duty  ;  office  ; 
benefit ;  use  ;  set  of  vessels 
used  at  table. 

Serv'ice-a-ble,  a.  Doing 
service  ;  beneficial. 


Serv'ile,a.  Slavish :  cringing. 

Ser-vil'i-ty,  n.  Mean  sub- 
missiveness  ;  obsequious- 
ness, [attendant. 

Serv'i-tor,  n.  A  servant  ;  an 

Serv'i-tude,  n.  Slavery  ; 
thraldom  ;  dependence. 

Ses'sion  (sesh'un),  n.  A 
meeting  or  sitting  of  a  pub- 
lic body. 

Sess'-pobl,  n.  A  hollow  in 
the  eartti  for  sediment  from 
drains. 

Set,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  set  ] 
To  place  ;  to  put ;  to  fix ;  to 
regulate.  — v.i.  To  descend 
below  the  horizon.  —  n.  A 
number  of  things  suited  to 
each  other  ;  an  assortment. 
—  p.  a.  Fixed;  firm;  regu- 
lar: prescribed. 

Se-ta'ceous,  a.  Bristly;  hairy. 

Set'-off,  n.  An  account  set 
against  another  ;  offset. 

Se'ton,  n.  A  twist  of  thread, 
or  a  few  horse-hairs,  to  keep 
a  w7ound  open.   . 

Se-tdse',  i  a.    Set  with  bris- 

Se'tous,  i      ties;  bristly. 

Set-tee' (18),.».  A  long  seat 
with  a  back. 

Set'ter,  n.  A  sporting  dog  of 
the  hound  kind. 

SSt'tle.  n.  A  long  bench  with 
aback. — v.  t.  To  estab- 
lish ;  to  determine.  —  v.  i. 
To  subside  ;  to  sink. 

SSt'tle-ment,  n.  Act  of  set- 
tling ;  adjustment ;  a  place 
settled  ;  a  colony  ;  jointure. 

Set'tler,  n.  One  who  settles ; 
a  colonist. 

Set'-tp,  it.     A  conflict. 

Sev'en,  a.     Six  and  one. 

Sev'en-nlght  (sen'nlt),  n.  A 
week. 

Sev'enth,  a.  Next  after  the 
sixth  ;  ordinal  Of  seven.  —  n. 
One  part  in  seven  ;  a  musi- 
cal interval. 

Sev'en-teen,  n.  Ten  and 
seven.  [ten. 

Sev'en-ty,    a.      Seven   tiir.es 

Sev'er,  v.  t.  To  part  violent- 
ly :  to  disjoin. 

S6v'er-al,a.  Separate;  more 
than  two,  but  not  many ; 
divers  ;  sundry. 


fi,€,T,o,u,  $ylong ;  &.,$,l,6,ii,$,short;  care,  ear,  ask,  all,  what;  Sre,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm. 


SEVERALLY 


239 


b. 


Sev'er-al-ly,arfv.  Separately. 

Sev'er-al-ty,  n.  A  state  of 
separation.  [partition. 

Sev'er-ance,  n.    Separation ; 

Se-vere',  a.  Very  strict ; 
stern  ;  cruel ;  painful ;  ex- 
treme. 

Se-ver'i-ty,  n.  State  of  being 
sev,  re  ;  harshness  ;  rigor ; 
au'     rity  ;  strictness. 

},v.t.     To  unite  with 
.ile  and  thread.       [sews. 

Sew'er  (so'er),  n.     One  who 

Sew'er  (su'er),  n.  A  passage 
under  ground  for  water. 

Sex,  n.  Distinction  of  male 
and  female ;  womankind. 

Sex'a-ge-na/ri-an,  n .  A  per- 
son of  sixty  years  of  age. 

Sex-ag'e-na-ry,  or  Sex'a- 
ge-na-ry,a.  Pertainingto 
the  number  sixty ;  proceed- 
ing by  sixties. 

Sex'a-ges'i-ma,  ft.  Second 
Sunday  before  Lent. 

Sex-an'gu-lar,  a.  Having  six 
angles. 

Sex-en'ni-al,  a.  Happening 
once  in,  or  lasting,  six  years. 

Sex'tant,  n.  Sixth  part  of  a 
circle ;  instrument  for  meas- 
uring angular  distances. 

S&x'tile,  n.  Aspect  of  planets 
sixty  degrees  apart. 

SSx'ton,  n.  An  under  officer 
of  a  church. 

S§x'tu-ple,  n.  Six  times  as 
much ;  having  six  parts. 

Sex'u-al  (sek/shii-),  a.  Per- 
taining to,  or  distinguish- 
ing, sex. 

Shab,  v.  i.  To  play  mean 
tricks ;  to  act  shabbily. 

Shab'bi-ly,  adv.  In  a  mean 
manner;  raggedly. 

SMb'bi-ness,  n.  Quality  of 
being  shabby ;  meanness. 

Shab'by,  a.  Worn ;  ragged : 
mean:  paltrv;  despicable. 

Shack'le  (shak'l),  v.  t.  To 
fetter ;  to  chain ;  to  bind. 

Shack'les  (shak'lz),  n.  pi. 
Fetters  or  handcuffs. 

Shad,  ft.  sing.  &  pi.  A  kind 
of  fish  much  prized  for  food. 

ShadMock  (5),  n.  A  tree  and 
its  fruit,  a  species  of  orange. 

Shade,   n.     Interception  of 


light ;  obscurity  ;  a  screen  ; 
a  spirit;  degreeofcold;  (pi.) 
place  of  the  dead. — v.  t. 
To  screen  from  light ;  to  ob- 
|      scure.  [ing  shady. 

j  Sha'di-ness,  n.  State  of  be- 
J  Shad'ow.  n.  A  figure  formed 
'  by  the  interception  of  light ; 
a  mystical  representation ;  a 
type;  phantom.—  v.  t.  To 
cloud ;  to  darken ;  to  repre- 
sent faintly. 

Shad'6w-y,  a.  Full  of  shade. 

Sha'dy,  a.  Sheltered  from 
the  glare  of  light. 

Shaft,  ft.  An  arrow ;  straight 
cylindrical  part  of  any 
thing ;  passage  into  a  mine ; 
thills  of  a  chaise;  a  long 
axis  in  machinei-y. 

Shag,  n.  Rough ,  wooly  hair  ; 
cloth  with  a  long,  coarse 
nap.  —  a.  Hairy  ;  rough.  — 
v.  l .  To  make  hairy  or  rough. 

Shag'ged,  I  a.  Hairy  ;  rough. 

Shag'gy,  J  with  long  wool 
or  hair.  [being  shaggy. 

Shag'gi-ness,   n.     State  of 

Sha-green',  n.  A  kind  of 
leather  prepared  from  the 
skins  of  horses,  mules,  &c. 

Shah,  ft.     A  Persian  king. 

Shake,  v.  t.  [imp.  shook  ; 
p.  p.  shaken.]  To  agitate  ; 
to  cause  to  tremble  or  to 
doubt;  to  trill. — v.  i.  To 
be  agitated ;  to  quake.  —  n. 
Vibratory  motion. 

Shak'er,  n.  One  who  shakes ; 
one  of  a  religious  sect. 

Shale,  n.  A  kind  of  fine- 
grained slaty  rock. 

Shall.  An  auxiliary  verb, 
used  in  forming  the  future 
tense._  [worsted  stuff. 

Shal-loon',  n.      A  kind  of 

Shal'lop,  n.  A  kind  of  large 
boat  with  two  masts. 

Shal'low,a.  Not  deep  ;  shoal : 
simple.. —  n.  A  place  where 
the  water  is  not  deep. 

Shalt.  Second  person  of  Shall. 

Sham,  n.  False  pretense  ; 
imposture.  —  a.  False  ; 
counterfeit.  —  v.  t.  To  pre- 
tend ;  to  deceive  ;  to  im- 
itate :  to  counterfeit. 

Sham'ble,  v.  i.  To  walk  awk- 


wardly and  uns 

the  knees   were  v. 

shuffle ;  to  counterfeit,. 
Sham'bleg,  n.  pi.      A  plac> 

where  butchers  kill  or  sell 

meat. 
Sham'bling,  n.     A  shuffling 

gait.  —  a.     Shuffling  along. 
Shame,  n.   Sense  or  cause  of 

disgrace  ;   reproach.  —  v.  t 

To  make  ashamed. 
Shame'faced  (-fast),  a.  Bash- 
ful ;  diffident ;  modest. 
Shame'ful,  a.     Disgraceful  ; 

scandalous ;  ignominious. 
Shame'less,  a.    Destitute  of 

shame  ;  impudent. 
Sham/my,  ft.  See  Chamois. 
Sham-poo',  \v.  t.      To  rub 
Qham-poo',  l    and  press  tho 

limbs  of  after  warm  bath- 
ing ;  to  wash  thoroughly  the- 

head  of. 
Sham/r6ck,  n.  White  clover. 
Shank,  n.     The  bone  of  the 

leg";  lower  joint  of  the  leg  ; 

long  part  of  a  tool. 
Shan'ty,  n.  A  rude  hut. 
Shape,  v.  t.   [imp.  shaped  ; 

p.  p.  SHAPED  or  SHAPEN.j 

To  form  ;  to  give  form  or  fig- 
ure to ;  to  fashion  ;  to  adjust. 

—  n.    External  form  or  fig- 
ure ;  make ;  appearance. 

Shape'less,a.  Wanting  regu- 
larity of  form. 

Shape'ly,  a.  Well  formed  ; 
symmetrical. 

Shard,  n.  A  fragment ;  a 
shell. 

Share,  n.  A  part ;  a  portion  ; 
a  plow-iron.  —  v.  t.  To  ap- 
portion ;  to  divide ;  to  par- 
take with  others.  —  v.  i.  To 
have  part. 

Share'-hSld'er, «.  One  who 
holds  a  share  in  a  joint  fund 
or  property. 

Shark, ft.  A  vo- 
racious     sea- 
fish.—  v.  i.  To 
play  the  petty        »lia™. 
thief ;  to  cheat ;  to  trick. 

Sharp,  a.  Having  a  thin 
edie  or  a  fine  point ;  keen  ; 
acute;  sour;  acid.  — v.  t. 
To  make  sharp  ;  to  sharpen. 

—  f.  t.     To  grow  sharp. 


edn,  8r,  dj>,  wolf,  t<Jb,  tdbk  ;  firn,  rye,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  e,  g,  hard;  as.  ;  exist;  n  a*  ng  ;  this. 


-  6HARPEN 

Sharp'en,  v.  t.  or  t.  To  make 
or  grow  sharp.       [swindler. 

Sharp'er,    n.      A  cheat ;    a 

Sharp'ly,  adv.  In  a  sharp 
manner  ;  keenly  ;  acutely  ; 
severely  ;  violently. 

Sharp'ness,  n.  Keenness  of 
edge  or  point ;  acuteness. 

Sharp'-set,  n.  Very  hungry. 

Shifter,  v.  t.  To  break  in 
pieces ;  to  disorder.  —  v.  i. 
To  be  broken  into  frag- 
ments;  (pi.)  broken  pieces ; 
fragments. 

Shave,  v.  t.  [imp.  shaved  ; 

p.  p.  SHAVED,  SHAVEN.] 
To  cut  or  pare  off ;  to  de- 
fraud. —  n.  To  use  a  razor  ; 
to  cut  closely  ;  to  cheat. 

Shav'er,  n.  One  who  shaves  ; 
a  sharp  dealer  ;  a  boy. 

Shav'ing,  n.  A  thin  slice 
pared  off. 

Shawl,  n.  A  cloth  to  cover 
the  neck  and  shoulders. 

Shawm,  n.  An  instrument  of 
music  formerly  in  use. 

She,  pr on.  fern.,  standing  for 
the  name  of  female. 

Sheaf  (20),  n.  A  bundle  of 
stalks  of  grain  ;  any  bundle. 

Shear,  v.  t.  [imp.  sheared  ; 

p.  p.  SHEARED  or  SHORN.] 

To  cut  or  clip  from  the  sur- 
face ;  to  reap. 
Shear§,  n.  pi.  A  cutting  in- 
strument with  two  blades  ; 
an  apparatus  for  raising 
heavy  weights.  [bard. 

Sheath,  n.    A  case  ;  a  scab- 
Sheathe,  v.  t.    To  put  into  a 
sheath  or  case  ;  to  cover  or 
line.  [ship's  bottom. 

Sheath'ing,  n.  Covering  of  a 
Sheave,  n.  A  wheel  in  a  pul- 
ley. 
Shed,  n.    A  slight  building  ; 
an  out-building. — v.  t.  [imp. 
&  p.  p.  SHED.]     To  emit; 
to  spill ;  to  cast  off.        [dor. 
Sheen,  n.    Brightness ;  splen- 
Sheen'y,  a.    Bright. 
Sheep  (24),  n.  sing,  and  pi. 
An    animal    that   furnishes 
wool.  [sheep. 

Sheep'~e6t,  n.       A   pen  for 
Sheep'-fold,  n.   A  fold  or  in- 
closure  for  sheep. 


240 

Sheep'ish,  c.    Like  a  sheep  ;  ; 

timorous  ;  bashful ;  modest.  | 
Sheep's'-eye,  n.  A  sly,  dim-  j 

dent,  loving  look. 
Sheer,  a.   Clear  ;  unmingled  ;  j 

simple;  perpendicular. — v.i.  ! 

To  deviate  from  a  course.  —  ! 

n.      The  bend  of  a  ship's 

deck. 
Sheet,  n.    A  cloth  for  a  bed  ; 

a  broad  piece  of  paper.  — 

v.  t.  To  fold  up  in,  or  cover 

as  with,  a  sheet. 
Sheet'-anZ-ehor,    n.        The 

largest  anchor ;  last  refuge. 
Sheefing,    n.        Cloth    for 

sheets. 
Shek'el,  n.     A  Jewish  coin, 

worth  about  62^  cents. 
Shel'drake,  n.    A  species  of 

duck. 
Shelf,  n   (pi.   Shelve?,  20.) 

A  board  supported  in  some 

way  and    designed    to    lay 

things  on  ;  a  bank  or  rock 

under  water.  [shoals. 

Shelf  y,  «•    Full  of  rocks  and 
Shell,  n.   A  hard  covering  ;  a 

bomb.  —  e.  t    or  ?'.     To  re- 
move or  cast  the  shell. 
Shell'-fish,   n.     An    aquatic 

animal  covered  with  a  shell. 
Shel'ter,    n.    A  protection  ; 

retreat ;  covert.  —  v.  t.    To 

cover  ;  to  protect ;  to  shield. 
Shelve,  v.  i.  To  slope.  —  v.  t. 

To  furnish  with  shelves  ;  to 

put  on  a  shelf. 
Shelv'y,  a.    Abounding  with 
I      rocks  or  sand-banks. 
j  Shep'herd,  n.    A  man  who 

tends  sheep. 
Shep'herd-ess,  n.    A  woman 
j      who  has  the  care  of  sheep. 
!  Sher'bet,  n.     A   beverage  of 
j      water,  lemon-juice,  and  sug- 
I      ar.  [shire  or  county. 

Sher'iff,  n.   Chief  officer  of  a 
Sher'ry,  n.  A  Spanish  wine. 
'■  Shew  (sho).     See  Show. 
Shewn  (shon)p.  /;.  of  Shew. 
\  Shib'bo-leth,  n.    Watchword 
;      ortest-word  of  a  party. 
Shield,  n.   Armor  for  defense  ; 

a    buckler;    protection.  — 

v.  t.  To  protect ;  to  defend. 
Shift,  v.  t.  or  ?'.    To  transfer  ; 

to  change  ;  to  find  some  ex- 


SHIVE 

pedient.  —  n .  Evasion ;  arti- 
fice ;  expedient ;  a  woman's 
under-garment. 

Shift' less,  a.  Lacking  in  ex- 
pedients ;  without  capacity. 

Shil'ling,  n.  A  silver  coin  ; 
sum  of  twelve  pence. 

Shin,  n.  Fore  part  of  the  leg, 
between  the  ankle  and  knee. 

Shine,  v.  i.   [imp.   &  p.  p. 

SHINED  or  SHONE.]  To 
emit  rays  of  light  ;  to  be 
conspicuous.  —  n.  Fair 
weather  ;  brightness ;  splen- 
dor ;  a  fancy . 

Shin'gle,  n.  A  thin  board  ; 
loose  pebbles  ;  (pi.)  a  dis- 
ease. —  v.  t.  To  cover  with 
shingles  ;  to  cut,  as  hair,  so 
that  one  portion  overlaps 
another. 

Shln'ing,  a.  Bright  in  a  high 
degree.  —  Syn.  Brilliant  ; 
sparkling;  radiant. 

Shm'y,  a.  Bright ;  luminous. 

Ship,  n.  Any 
large  sea-go- 
ing vessel ; 
esp.  one  that 
is  sq\iare-rig- 
ged  and  has 
three    masts.  Ship. 

—  v.  t.  To  put  on  board  a 
vessel  of  any  kind,    [a  ship. 

Ship'board,  adv.  Onboard  of 

Ship'-mas'ter,  n.  A  master 
or  captain  of  a  ship. 

Ship'ment,  n.  Act  of  ship- 
ping ;  that  which  is  shipped. 

Ship'ping,  n.  Ships  in  gen- 
eral ;  vessels  collectively.    " 

Ship'-shape,  adv.  In  a  sea- 
man-like manner  ;  hence, 
properly :  well  put. 

Ship'wreck  (-rek),  v.  De- 
struction of  a  ship  at  sea. — 
v.  t.  To  destroy,  as  a  ship  at 
sea,  by  running  on  shore-, 
&c.  [builder  of  ships. 

Ship'wright   (-rlt),   n.        A 

Shire,  or  Shire,  n.  In  Eng- 
land, a  county. 

Shirk,  v.  t.  To  get  off  from  ;  - 
to  slink  away  from . 

Shirt,  n.  A  man's  under-gar- 
ment. —  v.  t.  To  cover  with 
a  shirt.  [ment. 

Shive,  n.      A  slice  ;    a  frag- 


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SHIVER 


241 


SHRUBBY 


SWv'er,  n.  A  little  piece.  — 
v.  t.  or  i.  To  break  into 
small  pieces  ;  to  shatter  ;  to 
cause  to  shako  in  the  wind. 

Shiv'er-ing,  n.  A  trembling 
or  shaking. 

Shiv'er-y,  a.  Easily  broken  ; 
tren  Ming. 

Sh5a  i.  A  crowd,  as  of 
1  ;  a  sand-bank  or  bar. 

—  a.    Shallow. — v.  i.     To 
become  more  shallow. 

Shoal'y,  a,   Full  of  shoals. 

Sh6ck,  n.  A  sudden  shake  ; 
concussion  ;  a  blow ;  ofFense  , 
a  pile  of  sheaves.  —  v.  t.  To 
strike  with  surprise,  disgust, 
or  terror. 

Shock'ing,  a.  Striking  as 
with  horror ;  extremely  of- 
fensive or  disgusting. 

Shod,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Shoe. 

Shoe  (18),  n.  A  coveriug  or 
protection  for  the  foot.  — 
v.  t.  (11)  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SHOD.]     To  put  shoes  on. 

Shoe'-black,  I  n.     One  who 

Shoe'-boy,     1   blacks  shoes. 

Shoe'mak-erfshJO'-),  n.  One 
who  makes  shoe3.      [Shine. 

Shone,  or  Shone,  imp.    of 

Shdbk,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Stake. 

—  n.  A  bundle  of  staves,  or 
of  boards  for  a  box. 

Shoot,  v.  t.  or  t".  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SHOT.]  To  dart ;  to  jut ;  to 
sprout ;  to  discharge,  as  a 
gun. —  n.  A  sprout  or  young 
branch. 

Shoot'er,  n.  One  who,  or 
that  which,  shoots;  a  gun- 
ner ;  a  fire-arm. 

Sh5p,  n.  A  building  for  work 
or  for  trade.  —  v.  i.  To  vis- 
it shops  for  goods. 

Shop'-keep'er,  n.  A  trader 
who  sells  in  a  shop 

Shop'-lift'er,  n.  One  who 
steals  from  a  shop. 

Shdp'-lift'ing,  n.  Larceny 
committed  in  a  shop. 

Shop'ping,  n.  Act  of  visiting 
shops  to  purchase  goods. 

Shore,  n.  Coast ;  land  ad- 
jacent to  water  ;  a  prop  ;  a 
support. — v.  t.  To  support 
by  props. 

Shorn,  p.  p.  of  Shear. 


Short,  a.  Not  long;  brief; 
scanty  ;  deficient ;  brittle. 

Short'en,  v .  t.  To  make  short 
or  shorter. 

Short'en-ing,  n.  Act  of  con- 
tracting ;  something  to 
make  paste  brittle. 

Short'-hand,  n.  Abbreviated 
writing;  stenography. 

Short '-lived,  a.  Being  of 
short  continuance. 

Short'ly,  adv.  Quickly  ;  brief- 
ly ;  concisely. 

Shortness,  n.  Quality  of 
being  short ;  brevity. 

Shorts,  n.  pi.  Coarse  part  of 
meal  ;  small  clothes. 

Short' -sight'ed  (-sit'-),  a. 
Unable  to  see  far. 

Shot,  imp.  &  //.  p.  of  Shoot. 

—  n.  Act  of  shooting;  a 
small  missile  weapon  ;  a 
reckoning  or  charge,     [hog. 

Shote,  n.      A  small  or  young 

ShSt'ten  (shot'tn),  a.  Having 
cast  the  spawn ;  sprained. 

Should  (shobd),  imp.  of 
Shall,  denoting  intention  or 
duty. 

Shoul'der,  n.  The  joint  that 
connects  the  arm  with  the 
body.  —  v.  t.  To  take  on  the 
shoulder ;  to  push  or  thrust 
rudely. 

Shoul'der-blade,  n.  The 
broad  bone  of  the  shoulder. 

Shout,  v.  i.  To  utter  a  loud 
and  sudden  outcry.  — n.  A 
loud  and  sudden  outcry. 

Shove,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  push  ; 
to  urge.  —  tt.   A  push. 

Shov'el  (shuv'l),  n.  A  utensil 
for  throwing  earth,  &c.  — 
v.  t.  (8)  To  throw  with  a 
shovel. 

Show.r.  t.  or  ?'.  [imp.  show- 
ed ;  p.  p.  SHOWED, 
shown.]  To  exhibit  ;  to 
display  ;  to  prove  ;  to  direct. 

—  n.     Exhibition  ;  sight. 
Show'-bread,  !  n.  Unleaven- 
Shew'-bread ,  1         ed  bread 

placed   before   the  Lord   in 

the  Jewish  sanctuary. 
Sh5w'er,  n.    One  who  shows. 
Show'er,  n.  A  temporary  fall 

of  rain.  — v.  t.  or  i.  To  rain 

in  showers. 


Raining    La 
In  a 


Show'er-y, 

showers. 
Show'i-ly   (13),  adv. 

showy  manner. 
Shown,  p.  p.  of  Shoiv. 
Show'y,  a.    Making  a  show  ; 

fine. 
Shred,  v.   t.   [imp.    &  p.  p. 
shred.]   To  cut  into  small 
pieces,  esp.  long  and  narrow 
pieces.  — n.   A  long,  narrow 
piece,  cut  or  torn  oif. 
Shrew  (shrij),  n.    An  ill-tem- 
pered brawling  woman. 
Shrewd  (shrijd),  a.      Saga- 
cious ;  astute. 
Shrew'ish  (shru/-),  a.  Like  a 

shrew  ;  petulant. 

Shriek,  v.  i.  To  utter  a  loud, 

shrill  cry.  —  n.      A   loud, 

shrill  cry  ;  a  scream. 

Shrike,  n.  A  rapacious  Euro- 

I      pean  bird.  [sound. 

:  Shrill,  a.  Sharp  ;  piercing,  as 

Shrill'y,  adv.    Acutely. 
J  Shrill'ness,  n.    Acuteness  cf 
i      sound.  [shell-fish. 

!  Shrimp,    n.      A    long-tailed 
j  Shrine,  «.     A  case  cr  bcx, 
i      especially  for  sacred  relics. 
'.  Shrink,  v.  i.  or  t.  [imp.  & 
p.p.  shrunk.]  To  contract; 
!      to  become  or  make  less. 
:  Shrmk'age,  n.   Act  or  meas- 
|      ure  of  shrinking. 
Shriv'el  (8),  v.  t.  or  ('.  To  con- 
tract into  wrinkles. 
Shroud,  n.    A 
cover  ;        a 
winding 
sheet  ;    (pi.) 
a      set      of 
ropes 
reaching 
from        the 
mast  -  head 
to  the  side  of 
a    vessel.  — 
v.  t.      To  cover;  to  shelter; 
to  dress  for  the  grave. 
Shrove'-tide ,  n.   Confession 
time  ;  Tuesday  before  Lent. 
Shrub,  n.  A  low,  dwarf  tree  j 

a  drink. 
Shrub'ber-y,  n.    A  collection 

or  plantation  of  shrubs. 
Shrub'by,  a.  Full  of  shrubs; 
like  a  shrub. 


Shrouds. 


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SHRUG 

Shrug,  v.  t.  To  draw  up,  as 
the  shoulders.  —  n.  A 
drawing  up  the  shoulders. 

Shrunk,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of 
Shrink. 

Shuck,  n.  A  shell  or  cover- 
ing ;  a  husk  or  pod. 

Shud'der,  n.  A  trembling,  as 
with  horror.  —  v.  i.  To 
quake ;  to  quiver. 

Shuffle,  v.  t.  To  change  the 
relative  position  of,  as  of 
cards. — v.  i.  To  prevari- 
cate ;  to  evade.  —  n.  Act  of 
shuffling;  a  change  in 
cards ;  a  trick. 

Shuffling,  n.  Evasion  ; 
trickery  ;  irregular  gait. 

Shun,  v.  t.  To  avoid  ;  to  get 
out  of  the  way  of. 

Shunt,  n.  A  turn-off  to  a 
side  rail;  a,  switch. — v.  t. 
To  turn  off  to  one  side. 

Shut,  v.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SHUT.]  To  close  ;  to  pro- 
hibit ;  to  bar. 

Shut'ter,  n.  One  who,  or  that 
which,  shuts  ;  a  close  cover. 

Shut'tle,  n.  A  weaver's  in- 
strument to  shoot  the 
threads  of  the  woof  between 
those  of  the  warp. 

Shut'tle— eock,«.  An  instru- 
ment used  with  a  battle- 
door  in  play. 

Shy,  a.  Shunning  society  ;  re- 
served. —  Syn.  Coy  ;  timid. 

Shy'ly  (13),  adv.  In  a  timid 
manner ;  bashfully. 

Shy'ness  (13),  n.  Reserve  ; 
coyness  ;  bashfulness. 

Sib'i-lant,  a.  Hissing.  —  n. 
A  letter  uttered  with  a  hiss- 
ing sound.  [sound. 

Sib'i-la'tion,  n.     A  hissing 

Sib'yl,  n.  A  pagan  prophet- 
ess; a  gypsy. 

Slb'yl-llne,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  resembling,  a  sibyl. 

Sick  (5),  a.  Afflicted  with 
disease;  ill;  ailing;  indis- 
posed ;  disgusted. 

Sick'en  (snVn),  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
make  or  become  sick. 

Sick'ish,  a.  Exciting  disgust. 

Sick'le,  n.   A  reaping-hook. 

Sick'li-ness,  n.  State  of  being 
sickly ;  unhealthiness. 


242 

Sick'ly,  a.  Somewhat  sick  ; 
uuhealthy  ;  infirm. 

Siek'ness,w.  A  morbid  state 
of  the  body  ;  disease. 

Side,  n.  The  broad  part  of  a 
thing ;  part  of  the  body 
about  the  ribs ;  margin  ; 
edge;  party;  iuterest.  —  a. 
Lateral ;  indirect.  —  v.  i.  To 
lean  to  one  party. 

Side'board,  n.  A  kind  of 
table  on  one  side  of  a  room, 
to  hold  dinner  utensils,  &c. 

Side'lo-ng,  a.  Lateral;  ob- 
lique ;  not  directly  in  front. 

Sid'er-al,      (  a.  Pertaining  to 

Sl-de're-al,  )    stars;  starry. 

Slde'-sad'dlejft.  A  woman's 
saddle. 

SIde'wIge,  adv.   On  one  side. 

Sf  die,  v.  i.  To  go  side  fore- 
most, [fortified  place. 

Siege,  n.    Act  of  besetting  a 

Sfe-nite,  n.    See  Syenite. 

S'i-es'ta,  n.  A  short  sleep  at 
noon  or  after  dinner. 

Sieve,  n.  A  small  utensil 
used  for  sifting. 

Sift,  v.  t.  To  separate  by 
means  of  a  sieve. 

Sift'er,  n.  '  One  who,  or  that 
which,  sifts. 

Sigh  (si),  v.  i.  To  emit  breath 
audibly;  to  lament.  —  ».  A 
deep  breathing. 

Sight  (sit),  n.  Sense,  act,  or 
object  of  seeing ;  a  show. 

SIght'less  (sTt'-),a.  Wanting 
sight. 

Slght'ly  (sit'-),  a.  Pleasing 
to  the  eye  ;  conspicuous. 

Sign  (sin),  n.  A  token  ;  mark ; 
signal ;  symbol ;  proof;  won- 
der ;  constellation. — v.  t. 
To  subscribe  one's  name  to. 

Slg'nal,  n.  A  sign  to  give 
notice;  a  token. — a.  Emi- 
nent; remarkable. 

Sig'nal-Ize,  v.  t.  To  make 
distinguished;  to  make  a 
signal  in  regard  to. 

Slg'nal -1  y ,  adv.  Remarkably. 

Sig'na-ture,  n.  A  name  or 
mark  signed  or  impressed. 

Sign'er  (s-Tn'er),  n.  One  who 
subscribes  his  name. 

Sig'net,  n.  A  seal, especially 
a  private  royal  seal. 


SIMILE 

Sig-nif  i-eance,    I  n.  Impor- 

Sig-nif  i-ean-gy,  )  tance  ; 
meaning;  import;  weight. 

Sig-nifi-eant,  a.  Expressive 
of  some  fact  or  meaning  ; 
important ;  weighty. 

Sig'ni-fi-ea'tion,  n.  Meaning 
expressed  by  words  or  signs. 

Sig-nif  i-ea-tive,  a.  Having 
or  expressing  meaning. 

Sig'ni-fy,  v.  t.  To  make 
known. — v.  i.  To  express 
meaning  with  force. 

Sign'-post  (sin'-),  n.  A  post 
on  which  a  sign  hangs. 

SI'lengc,  n.  Stillness  ;  se- 
crecy :  quiet ;  muteness.  — 
v.  t.  To  still;  to  appease. 

Si'lent,  a.  Still :  mute ;  quiet. 

Si'lex,     (  n.    Silicic  acid,  or 

Sil'i-ea, )  the  substance  of 
pure  quartz.         [or  quartz. 

Si-lig'i-e,  a.    Relating  to  flint 

Si-lfcious  (-lish'us),  a.  Per- 
taining to  silex;  flinty. 

Silk,  n.  The  fine,  soft  thread 
produced  by  the  silk-worm, 
orcloth  made  of  the  thread. 

Silk'en,«.  Made  of  silk ;  like 
silk;  soft;  silky. 

Sflk'-worm  (-wfirm),  n.  A 
larve  that  produces  silk. 

Silk'y,  a.  Pertaining  to,  con- 
sisting of,  or  resembling, 
silk;  soft;  silken. 

Sill(l),n.  Foundation  timber 
of  a  house  or  window,  &c. 

Sil'la-bub,  n.  A  liquor  of 
wine  or  cider  and  milk. 

Sil'li-ness,  n.  Want  of  sense. 

Sil'ly,  a.  Weak  in  intellect, 
and  self-satisfied.  —  SYN. 
Simple;  stupid. 

Silt,  n.  Mud  deposited  from 
running  or  standing  water. 

Sil'ver,  n.  A  precious  metal 
of  a  white  color.  — a.  Made 
of,  or  like,  silver.  —  v.  I.  To 
cover  with  silver. 

Sll'ver-smith,  n.  One  who 
works  in  silver. 

Sil'ver-y,  a.  Resembling  sil- 
ver, [bling. 

Sim'i-lar,  a.      Like  ;  resem- 

Sim/i-lar'i-ty,  n.  Resem- 
blance; likeness,    [manner. 

Sim'i-lar-ly,  adv.    In  a  like 

Sim'i-le,  ii.     Similitude. 


5,  C,  T,  5,  u.y./ong-;  a,  S,  T,  6,  S,y,  short;  care, car, ask,  all,  what;  Cre,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm  ; 


SIMILITUDE 

Si-mil'i-tude,  n.  Comparison. 
Sim'mer,^  t.  To  boil  prently. 
Sim'o-ni'a-e-al,  a.  Guilty  of, 

or  consisting  in,  simony. 
Sim'o-ny,  n.     The  crime  of 

buying  or  selling  of  church 

pref  rmeat. 
Si-ro      n',  n.  A  hot  suffocat- 
ind  in  Arabia,  Syria, 

miu.  the  adjacent  countries. 
Sim'per,  v  i.    To  smile  in  a 

filly  manner. —  n.     An  af- 
fected or  silly  smile. 
Sim'ple,  a.     Plain ;  artless  ; 

single ;  unmingled ;  silly.  — 

n      Something  not  mixed  ; 

a  medicinal  plant. 
SIm'ple-ton  (slm'pl-  10),   n. 

A  silly  or  foolish  person. 
Sim-plic/i-ty,  n.    Plainness ; 

artlessness ;  singleness. 
Sim'pli-fi-ga'tion,  n.  Act  of 

making  simple. 
SIm'pli-fy,  v.  t.       To  make 

simple,  plain,  or  easy. 
Sim'ply,  adv.   Without  art ; 

plainly ;  merely.  [feit. 

Sim'u-late,  v.  t.  To  counter- 
Sfrn/u-la/tion,^  Hypocrisy. 
SPmul-ta'ne-oiis,  a.    Being 

or  happening  at  the  same 

time  with  something  else. 
SI'mul-ta'ne-ous-ly,  adv.  At 

the  same  time. 
Sin,  11.     A  violation  of  divine 

law,  or  rule  of  duty.  — r.  i. 

To  depart  knowingly  from  a 

known  rule  of  duty. 
Sin'a-pism,  n.      A  poultice 

of  pulverized  mustard-seed. 
Singe,  prep.      After.  —  adv. 

Before  this  or  now ;  ago.  — 

conj.     From  the  time  that ; 

because ;  considering. 
Sin-gere',  a.    True;  honest; 

undissembling ;  unfeigned. 
Sin-ger'i-ty,    n.       Freedom 

from  disguise ;  honesty 
Sine,  n.  A  perpen- 
dicular Hue  from 

one  end  of  an  arc 

to    the  diameter 

drawn     through 

the  other  ead. 
SI'ne-eure,  *.   Office  or  posi- 
tion with  pay,  but  not  re- 
quiring active  labor. 
Sin'ew^sln/y })),«.  A  tendon 


Sine. 


243 

muscle  ;  strength.  —  v.  t.  To 
unite  as  with  sinews. 

Sin'ew-y,  a.  Strong;  mus- 
cular; tendinous;    brawny. 

Sin'ful,a.  Guilty  of  sin;  un- 
holy ;  wicked. 

Sin'ful-ness,  n.  State  of  be- 
ing sinful;  wickedness. 

Sing,  v.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  SANG, 
SUNG  ;  p.  p.  SUNG.]  To  ut- 
ter musical  or  melodious 
sounds. 

Singe,  v.  t.  (11)  To  burn  the 
external  part  of;  to  scorch. 
—  n.  A  slight  burn  or 
scorching.  [singing. 

Sing'er,  n.      One  skilled  in 

Smg'ing,  n.  Act  of  uttering 
musical  notes. 

Sin'glefsing'gljja.  Individ- 
ual ;  separate  ;  alone  ;  un- 
married ;  sincere.  —  v.  t.  To 
select ;  to  separate. 

Sm'gle-ness,  n.    Simplicity. 

Sin'gly,  adv.  Individually ; 
separately  :  only. 

Sing'-s5ng,  n.  A  drawling, 
monotonous  tone. 

Sin'gu-lar,  a.  Single ;  alone  ; 
not  plural;  particular  ;  re- 
markable; rare;  odd. 

Sin/gu-lar'i-ty,  n.  Peculi- 
arity ;  oddity.  [ly. 

Sin'gu-lar-ly,  adv.  Pcculiar- 

Sin'is-ter,  a.  Lett ;  bad ;  un- 
fair; unlucky. 

Sm'is-trous,  a.  Being  on,  or 
inclined  to,  the  left  side; 
wrong ;  perverse. 

Sink,  v.  i.  [imp.  sunk, 
sank;  p.  p.  SUNK.]  To 
settle ;  to  fall ;  to  subside ; 
to  decline.—  v.  i.  To  im- 
merse ;  to  depress ;  to  de- 
grade.—  ti.  A  drain  to  carry 
off  filth. 

Smk'ing-fund,  n.  A  fund 
to  reduce  a  public  debt. 

Sin'less,  a.    Free  from  sin. 

Sln'ner,  n.    A  transgressor. 

Sin'-of'fer-ing,  n.  A  sacri- 
fice for  sin.  [and  out. 

Sin'u-a'tion,^.  A  winding  in 

Sin'u-ds'i-ty,  n.  Quality  of 
winding  in  pnd  out. 

Sm'u-ous,  a.  Winding  in  and 
out;  serpentine. 

Sip,  n.    A  slight  taste,  as  of 


SKATE 

liquor.  —  v.  i.  or  I.  To  drink 
a  little. 

Si'phon,  n.  A  bent  tube  for 
transferring  liquor  from  oi.o 
vessel  to  another. 

Sir,  n.  A  title  of  address  to 
a  man ;  title  of  a  baronet. 

Sire,  n.  Father;  title  of  a 
king ;  male  parent  of  a  beast. 
—  v.  I.    To  generate. 

Si'ren,  n.  A  mermaid  noted 
for  singing. 

Sir'loin,  n.    The  loin  of  bpef. 

Si-roe'-eo,  n.  A  noxious 
southeast  wind  in  Italy. 

Sir'rah,  n.  A  term  of  re- 
proach ; — addressed  to  men. 

Sir'up,  n.  Vegetable  juico 
boiled  with  sugar. 

Sis'ter,  n.  A  female  bom  of 
the  same  parents  or  belong- 
ing to  the  same  association. 

Sis'ter-hdbd,  n.  A  society 
of  sisters.  [ter. 

Sis'ter-ly,a.  Becoming  a  sis- 
Sit,  v.  i.    [imp.  &  p.p.  SAT.] 
To  rest  on  the  haunches  ;  to 
perch;  to  brood,    [position. 

Site,  n.     A  situation  ;     local 

Sit'ting,  n.    A  session. 

Sit'u-ate,      1  a.  Being  in  any 

Sit'u-a/ted, J      condition. 

Slt'u-a/tion,  n.  Relative  po- 
sition, location,  or  con- 
dition ;  state ;  site. 

Six,  a.    Five  and  one. 

Six'penge,«.  Half  a  shilling. 

Six'teen,  a.   Ten  and  six. 

Sixteenth,  a.  The  ordinal 
of  sixteen. 

Sixth,  a.  Next  after  the  fifth  ; 
being  one  of  six  equal  parts 
of  any  thing. 

Six'ty,  7i.  &  a.  Six  times  ten  ; 
three-score. 

SIz'a-ble  (11),  a.  Of  a  rea- 
sonable bulk. 

SI'zar,  n.     A  student  of  rank 
|      below  a  pensioner.    [Eng.] 
j  Size,  n.     Bulk  ;  quantity  ;  a 
I      glutinous  substance. — v.  t. 
To  adjust  or  arrange  accord- 
ing to  size  ;  to  cover  or  pre- 
pare with  size 

SIz'y,  a.     Glutinous  ;  ropy. 

Skate,  n.  A  frame  for  the  feet 
forslidingon  ice. — v.  i.  To 
slide  with  skates. 


son,  6r,  do,  wolf,  t<Jo,  to"ok ;  flrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  £,  soft ,  c,  g,  hard ;  aj  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


SKEIN 


244 


SLEEK 


Skein,  n.  A  knot  or  number 
of  knots  of  threads. 

Skei'e-ton,  n.  The  bones  of 
an  animal  retained  in  their 
natural  position  ;  general 
structure. 

Skep'tie,  n.  One  who  doubts, 
especially  of  revelation. 

Skep'tie-al,  a.     Doubting. 

Skep'ti-ci§m,n.  Doubt;  un- 
certainty ;  universal  doubt. 

Sketch,  it.  An  outline  ;  a 
rough  draught.  —  v.  t.  To 
trace  by  drawing  outlines  of. 

Sketch'y,  a.  Like  a  sketch  ; 
incomplete. 

Skew'er(sku/-),n.  A  pointed 
rod  to  fasten  meat.  —  v.  t. 
To  fasten  with  skewers. 

Skid,  n.  A  short  piece  of  tim- 
ber ;  a  slider.  [boat. 

Skiff  (1),  n.    A  small,  light 

Skill,  n.  Familiar  kuowledge 
united  to  readiness  of  per- 
formance.—  Syn.  Dexteri- 
ty ;  adroitness.  —  v.  i.  To 
know  or  be  knowing. 

Skilled,  a.  Having  familiar 
knowledge.  [boiler. 

Skil'let,  ft.    A  small  kind  of 

Skill'ful  \  (9),    a.      Qualified 

Skil'ful  )  with  skill;  expe- 
rienced. 

Skill'ful-ly,  )    adv.         With 

Skil'fu'l-ly,  J  knowledge 

and  dexterity. 

Skim,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  take  off 
scum  or  cream  ;  to  touch 
slightly.  [take  off  scum. 

Skim'mer,  n.    A  utensil  to 

Skim'-milk,  n.  Milk  from 
which  the  cream  has  been 
skimmed,  or  taken. 

Skin,  n.  Covering  of  the 
flesh  ;  hide  ;  rind.  — v.  t.  To 
deprive  of  the  skin.  —  v.  ?'. 
To  form  a  skin  over. 

Skin'-flint,  n.  A  miser;  a 
niggard.         [orof  skin  only. 

Skin'ny,a.  Consisting  of  skin, 

Skip,  v.  i.  To  leap  lightly.  — 
v.  t.  To  pass  over  or  by.  — 
n.     A  leap  ;  a  bound. 

Skip'per,«.  Master  of  a  small 
ti-iding  vessel. 

Skir'mish,  n.  A  slight  fight 
in  war.  —  v.  i.  To  fight 
slightly  or  in  small  parties. 


Skirt,  n.  A  border  ;  the  loose 
lower  part  of  a  coat,  of  a 
woman's  dress,  or  of  some 
other  garment. 

Skit'tish,  a.    Shy  ;  timorous. 

Skit'tles,  n.  pi.     Nine-pins. 

Skulk,  v.  i.  To  lurk  ;  to  hide. 

Skull,  n.  The  bony  case 
that  incloses  the  brain. 

Skull'-eap,  n.  A  close-fitting 
cap. 

Skunk,  n.  A  fetid  animal  of 
North  America. 

Sky  (19),  ft.  The  aerial  re- 
gion ;  the  heavens. 

Sky'-llght  (-lit),  n.  A  wiudow 
in  a  roof  or  deck. 

Sky '-sail,  n.  A  sail  next 
above  the  royal. 

Slab,  n.  A  thin  piece  of  any 
thing,  especially  of  stone  ; 
outside  piece  of  a  sawed  log. 

Slab'ber  (colloq.  slob'ber),  v. 
i.     To  slaver  ;  to  drivel. 

Slack  (5),  a.  Lax  ;  loose  ; 
relaxed ;  remiss  ;  slow  ;  tar- 
dy. —  n.  Part  of  a  rope 
having  no  strain  on  it.  —  v. 
To  loosen  ;  to  relax. 

Slack'en(slaVn),r.  To  make 
or  become  slack  ;  to  relax ; 
to  be  remiss  or  backward. 

Slack'ness,  n.  State  of  being 
slack  ;  remissness. 

Slag,  n.  Dross  of  metal  ;  vit- 
rified cinders. 

Slain  (14),  p.  p.  of  Slay.  . 

Slake,  v.  t.  To  quench,  as 
thirst ;  to  extinguish  ;  to  mix 
with  water,  and  reduce  to 
powder,  as  lime. 

Slam,  v.  t.  To  shut  with 
force.  —  n.  A  violent  shut- 
ting or  striking. 

Slan'der,  v.  t.  To  injure  by 
false  reports.  —  Syn.  To  de- 
fame ;  vilify  ;  calumniate. 
—  n.  False  report  malicious- 
ly uttered ;  defamation. 

Slan'der-oiis,  a.  Defama- 
tory ;  calumnious. 

Slang,  n.  Low,  vulgar,  un- 
authorized language. 

Slant,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  slope  ;  to 
lie  or  turn  obliquely. 

Slant'ing,  a.  Sloping  ;  in- 
clining ;  oblique. 

Slap,  v.  t.   To  strike  with  the 


open  hand.  —  n.  A  blow 
with  the  open  hand,  or  with 
something  flat  and  broad. 

Slash,  v.  t.  To  cut  in  long 
cuts.  —  7.\  n.  To  strike  vio- 
lently and  at  random  with 
an  edged  instrument.  —  n. 
A  long  incision. 

Slat,  n.  A  narrow  strip  of 
board  for  various  purposes. 

Slate,  n.  A  kind  of  dark  stone, 
or  a  thin  ilat  piece  of  it.  — 
v.  t.     To  cover  with  slate. 

Slat'tern.  n.  A  woman  neg- 
ligent of  her  dress  or  house. 

Slat'tern-ly,  a  Negligent ; 
sluttish.  [like,  slate. 

Slat'y,  a.     Consisting  of,  or 

Slaugh'ter  (slaw'ter),  n.  De- 
struction of  life  ;  massacre  ; 
carnage.  —  v.  t.  To  kill; 
to  slay  ;  to  butcher. 

Slaugh'ter-house  (slaw'-),  n. 
Place  for  butchering  cattle. 

Slaugh'ter-ous  (slaw'-),  a. 
Murderous ;  destructive. 

Slave,  «•  A  person  held  in 
bondage:  a  drudge.  —  v.  i. 
to  drudge  ;  to  toil 

Slav'er,  n.    A  slave-ship. 

Slav'er,  n.  Spittle  driveling 
from  the  mouth.  — v.  i.  To 
emit  spittle. —  v.  t.  To 
smear  with  spittle  issuing 
from  the  mouth. 

Slav'er-y,  n.  State  of  a  slave ; 
bondage ;  thralldom. 

Slav'ish,  a.     Servile  ;  mean. 

Slay,  v.  t.  [imp.  slew  ;  p. 
p.  SLAIN.]  To  put  to  death. 
—  Syn.  To  kill;  destroy; 
slaughter;  butcher. 

Slay'er,  n.    One  who  kills. 

Slea'zy,  a.     Thin  ;  flimsy. 

Sled,  n.  A  carriage  on  run- 
ners for  carrying  heavy 
burdens  on  the  snow  ;  a 
light  seat  on  runners  for 
sliding  on  snow.  — v.  t.  To 
convev  on  a  sled. 

Sled'ding,  n.  Act  of  trans- 
porting on  a  sled ;  snow 
enough  for  sleds. 

Sledge,  n.  A  large  hammer  ; 
a  sled  ;  a  sleigh. 

Sleek,  a.  Smooth,  soft,  and 
glossy.  —  v.  t.  To  make 
smooth,  soft,  and  glossy. 


u,y,  long;  a, 3, 1,5,  0,  y,  short;  cure,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  Gre,v£il,tcnn;  p.'que,  fTrm  : 


a.C. 


SLEEKNESS 

Sleek'ness,  ■».  Smoothness 
and  glossiness  of  surface. 

Sleep,  n.  Slumber  ;  repose  ; 
rest.  —  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
slept.]  To  rest  with  the 
voli  itary  exercise  of  the 
po-  s  of  body  and  mind 
aded. 

Sletp'er,  n.  One  who  sleeps ; 
a  timber  for  the  support  of  a 
rail  or  some  superstructure. 

Sleep'i-ness,  n.    Drowsiness. 

Sleep'less,  a.  Having  no 
sleep  ;  wakeful ;  excited. 

Sleep'less-ness,  n.  Want  of 
sleep.  [drowsy. 

Sleep'y,  a.  Disposed  to  sleep  ; 

Sleet,  n  Rain  and  snow  or 
hail  falling  together,     [arm. 

Sleeve,  n.      Covering  of  the 

Sleigh  (sla),  n.  A  vehicle  for 
traveling  on  snow. 

Sleigh'ing  (sla'-),  n.  Act  of 
riding  in  a  sleigh  ;  state  of 
snow  with  respect  to  riding 
hi  a  sleigh. 

Sleight  (slit),  n.  An  artful 
trick  ;  dexterity. 

Slen'der,  a.  Thin  and  com- 
paratively long ;  weak 

Slen'der-ness.  n.  Smallness 
of  diameter ;  slightness. 

Slept,  imp   &  p.  p.  of  Sleep. 

Slew  (slu),  imp.  of  Slay 

Sley,  v.  t  To  part  and  ar- 
range in  a  reed,  as  threads. 

Slice,  n.  A  thin  piece  cut  off. 
—  v.  t  To  cut  off  a  thin, 
broad  piece  from. 

Slide,  v.  r  or  t.   [imp.  slid  ; 

p.  p.  SLID,  SL1UDEN.]      To 

move  along  the  surface  ;  to 
slip.  —  n.  A  smooth,  easy 
passage  on  something. 

Slight  (slit),  a.  Unimportant ; 
weak  ;  trifling ;  slender.  —  n. 
Neglect.—  v.  t.  To  treat 
with  neglect ;  to  disregard. 

Silght'ly  (slit'-),  adv.  Super- 
ficially. 

Sil'ly.     See  Slyly,        [slight. 

Slim,    a.     Slender  ;     weak  ; 

Slime,   n.      Soft,   moist,  ad- 

•  hesive  earth.        [glutinous. 

Sllm'y,  a.  Viscous ;  clammy  ; 

Sling,  n.  A  weapon  for  throw- 
ing stones ;  a  throw ;  a  kind 
of  bandage.  —  v.  t.  [imp.  & 


245 

p.  p.  slung.]    To  hurl  by 

a  sling  ;  to  cast. 
Slink,    v.     [imp.    &    p.    p. 

slunk.]    To  steal  or  sneak 

away  ;  to  miscarry. 
Slip,  v.     To  slide  involunta- 
rily ;  to  glide ;  to  escape.  — 

n.      A    sliding  ;     mistake  ; 

twig  ;  narrow. piece  ;  strip. 
Slip'-knot  (-not),  n.     A  knot 

that  slips  along  the  line  on 

which  it  is  made. 
Slip'per,  n.    A  kind  of  light 

shoe  worn  in  undress. 
Slip'per-i-ness,  n.    State  or 

quality  of  being  slippery. 
SHp'per-y,  a.  Smooth  ;  glib  ; 

apt  to  slip  away  ;   unstable. 
Slip'shod,  a.     Wearing  shoes 

down  at  the  heels  ;  careless. 
Slit,  n.     A  long  cut  or  rent. 

—  v.  t.  [imp.  slit  ;  p.  p. 
SLIT,  slitted.]  To  divide 
lengthwise  ;  to  rend  or  cut. 

Slit 'ting-mill,  n.  A  mill 
where  iron  bars  are  slit  into 
nail-rods,  &c. 

Silver,  or  Sli'ver,  v.  t.  To 
divide  into  thin  pieces.  —  n. 
A  long  slice  cut  or  torn  off. 

Siob'ber,  v.  n.    See  Slabber. 

Sice  (27),  n.  Fruit  of  the  black 
thorn.  " 

Sloop, n.  A  kind 
of  vessel  having 
one  mast  only. 

Slop,  11.  Water 
carelessly 
spilled.  — pi. 
dirty  water ; 
ready  -  made 
clothes. — v.  t. 
to  overflow  ;  to  spill. 

S15pe,  n.  Direction  down- 
ward ;  a  declivity  or  accliv- 
ity. —  v.  To  form  with  a 
slope ;  to  be  inclined. 

Slop'py,  a.     Wet  and  dirty. 

Slot,  n.  A  slit  or  aperture  in 
a  plate  of  metal. 

Sloth,  or  Sloth,  n.  Sluggish- 
ness ;  laziness ;  a  slow-mov- 
ing animal  of  South  Amer- 
ica, living  in  trees. 

Sloth'ful,  or  SrSth'ful,  a. 
Lazy  ;  sluggish  ;  indolent. 

Slouch,  n.     A  hanging  down. 

—  v.    To  hang  down  ;  to  de- 


SMACK 

press  ;  to  have  a  clownish 
I      look  or  manner.  [place, 

Slough  (slou),   n.      A    miry 

Slough  (sluf),  n.  Cast  skin 
of  a  serpent ;  part  that  sep- 
arates from  a  sore. 

Slov'en  (or  sluVn),  n.  A  man 
habitually  careless  of  dress 
and  neatness. 

S16v'en-li-ness  (or  sluVn-), 
n.  Habitual  want  of  clean- 
liness. 

S16v'en-ly  (or  sluv'n-),  a. 
Negligent  of  dress  or  neat- 
ness ;  loose;  disorderly. 

Slow,  a.  Not  fast  or  quick  ; 
not  prompt.  —  Syn.  Tardy  ; 
slothful ;  inactive.        [dily 

Slow 'ly,  adv.  Not  quick ;  tar- 

Slow'ness.  n.  Quality  of 
being  slow ;  deliberation. 

Slue,  r.  t.  To  turn  about  a 
fixed  point. 

Slug.  n.  A  drone  ;  a  slow  or 
lazy  fellow  ;  a  kind  of  snail. 

Slug'gard,  n.  A  person  ha- 
I      bituaUv  lazy  ;  a  drone,  [lazy. 

Slug'gish,  a.  Habitually 
:  Sluice,?!.  A  stream  of  water 
issuing  through  a  flood- 
[      gate  ;  a  floodgate. 

Slum'ber,  v.  i.  To  sleep 
lightly;  to  doze.  —  n.  Light 
sleep  ;  repose. 

Slump,  v.  i.  To  sink  through 
or  in,  as  when  walking  on 
ice  or  snow. 

Slung,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Sling. 

Slunk,  imp.  &  p.  p  of  Slink. 

Slur,  r.  t.  To  soil ;  to  sully  ; 
to  pass  lightly :  to  perform 
in  a  smooth,  gliding  man- 
ner.—  n.  Stain;  slight  du- 
grace  or  reproach  ;  innuen- 
do ;  a  mark  [  or  ""]  con- 
necting notes  to  be  sung  to 
the  same  syllable. 

Slut,  n.  An  untidy  woman  ; 
a  slattern  ;  a  female  dog. 

Slut'tish,  a.  Negligent  ; 
dirty  ;  slatternly,      [crafty. 

Sly  (13),  a.  Artful ;  cunning  ; 

Sly-hoots,  n.     A  sly  person. 

Sl'y'ly  (13),  adv.  With  art', 
cunningly  ;  craftily.       [sly. 

Sly'ness,  n.  Quality  of  being 

Smack,  v.  i.  To  kiss  loudly ; 
to    crack,  as    a    whip;    to 


B6n,  or,  do,  wolf,  to"o,  took ;  Qrn,  rjje,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard;  a^  ;  exist ;  o  as  ng ;  this. 


SMALL 


246 


SNOW-BALL 


taste.  —  71.      A  loud  kiss  ; 
taste  ;   a  small  coasting  or 
fishing  vessel.    ■ 
Small,   a.      Little;    slender; 
weak. — n.     The  slender  or 
narrow  part  of  any  thing. 
Small'-arm§,M.7^.  Muskets, 
rities,  or  pistols,  [weak  beer. 
Small'-beer,  n.    A  kind  of 
Small'-pSx,  n.   A  contagious 
and  eruptive  disease,     [fine. 
Smalt,  n.    Blue  glass  ground 
Smart,   a.      Quick;    active; 
brisk  ;  sharp.  —  n.     Quick, 
pungent,  lively  pain.  — v.  i. 
To  have  a  keen  pain. 
Smart'ly,atfu. Briskly;  sharp- 
ly ;  wittily.       [being  smart. 
Smart'ness,  n.    Quality  of 
Smash,  v.  t.  To  dash  to  pieces. 

—  n.  A  breaking  to  pieces. 
Smat'ter,  v.  i.    To  talk  su- 
perficially or  ignorantly. 

Smat'ter-ing,  n.    Slight,  su- 
perficial knowledge. 
Smear,  v.  t.  To  daub ;  to  soil. 
Smell,  v.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 

SMELLED,  or  SMELT.]  To 
perceive  by  the  nose  ;  to 
affect  the  nose.  —  n.  Odor  ; 
scent ;  sense  by  which  odors 
are  perceived. 
Smelt,  v.  t.     To  melt,  as  ore. 

—  n.     A  small  kind  of  fish. 

—  v.  imp.  &  p.  ]>.  of  Smell. 
Smile,  v.  t.     To  look  as  when 

pleased  or  joyous.  —  n.  A 
peculiar  contraction  of  the 
face  expressive  of  pleasure 
or  kindness,  &c. 

Smil'ing,  a.  Appearing  gay. 

Smirch,  v.  t.  To  cloud ;  to 
dirt ;  to  soil. 

Smirk,  v.  i.  To  look  affected- 
ly soft  or  kind.  —  n.  An 
affectedly  soft  or  kind  look. 

Smite,  v.  t.    [imp.  smote  ; 

p.  p.  SMIT,  SMITTEN.]     To 

strike ;    to  kill ;    to  blast  ; 

to  afflict.  — v.  i.     To  strike  ; 

to  collide.  [metals 

Smith,  n.    One  who  works  in 
Smith'er-y,  n.    The  work  or 

workshop  of  a  smith. 
Smit'ten,  p.  p.  of  Smite. 
SmSck,n.  A  shift ;  a  chemise. 
Smoke,  n.    Exhalation  from 

burning  substances.  —  v.  i. 


To  emit  smoke.  —  v.  t.  To 
hang  in  smoke ;  to  use  in 
smoking,  as  a  pipe  or  cigar. 

Smok'er,  n.  One  who  smokes. 

SmSk'y,  a.  Emitting  smoke  ; 
like  smoke ;  obscure. 

Smol'der,    )  v.  i.    To  waste 

Smoul'der,  J  away  by  slow 
combustion. 

Smooth,  a.  Even  on  the  sur- 
face. —  v.  t.   To  make  even. 

Smo~bth/ly,  adv.  Evenly  ; 
calmly  ;  blandly. 

Smooth 'hess,  n.  Evenness  of 
surface  :  mildness  of  ad- 
dress ;  gentleness. 

SmSte,  imp.  of  Smite. 

Smoth/er,  v.  t.  To  suffocate. 
—  n.   Asmoke;  thick  dust. 

Smug'gle,  v.  t.  To  import 
without  paying  duties;  to 
convey  privately. 

Smut,  n.  Soot;  foul  matter, 
or  a  spot  made  by  it ;  a  kind 
of  fungus;  mildew. — v.  t. 
To  mark  with  smut ;  to 
soil.  [with  smoke. 

Smutch,   v.   t.      To  blacken 

Smut'ti-ness,  n.  Soil  from 
smoke ;  obscenit}'. 

Smut'ty,  a.  Soiled  ;  obscene. 

Snack,  11.  A  share;  equal 
part  or  portion. 

Snaffle,  n.  A  bridle  consist- 
ing of  a  slender  bit  with- 
out branches. 

Snag,  11.  A  short,  rough 
branch  ;  trunk  of  a  largo 
tree  fixed  at  one  end  to  the 
bottom  of  a  river. 

Snag'ged,  (  a.    Full  of  snags 

Snag'gy,    j    or  sharp  points. 

Snail,  n.  A  small  reptile 
which  moves  very  slowly  ;  a 
sluggard. 

Snake,  n.   A  serpent. 

Snake'root,  n.  One  of  sev- 
eral very  differeut  plants. 

Snap  (7),  v.  To  break  short ; 
to  seize  suddenly  with  the 
teeth  ;  to  crack.  —  n.  Act  of 
breaking  suddenly. 

Snap'-drag'on,  n.  A  plant ; 
a  kind  of  game,     [petulant. 

Snap'pish,  a.     Apt  to  snaj*; 

Snare,  n.  Any  thing  which 
entraps ;  a  noose.  —  v.  t.  To 
ensnare ;  to  entangle. 


Snarl,  v.  t.  To  entangle  ;  to 
complicate.  —  v.  i.  To  growl, 
as  a  dog.  —  n.  Entangle- 
ment ;  an  embarrassing  dif- 
ficulty. 

Snatch,  v.  t.  To  i-eizo hastily. 
—  n.  A  hasty  catch  or  seiz- 
ing ;  a  small  fragment. 

Snath,  n.  Handle  of  a  scythe. 

Sneak  (S),  v.  i.  To  creep 
slyly  ;  to  behave  meanly  ;  to 
hide.  —  n.  A  mean,  sneak- 
ing fellow. 

Sneak'ing,  a.  Mean  ;  servile. 

Sneer,  v.  i.  To  show  con- 
tempt by  laughing  or  by  a 
lock.  —  n.  A  scornful  or 
contemptuous  look. 

Sneeze,  v.  i.  To  eject  air  vio- 
lently through  the  nose.  — 
n.  A  violent  ejection  of  air 
through  the  nose. 

Sniff  (l),v.  t.  or »'.  To  draw 
air  audibly  up  the  nose. 

Snick'er,  )v.     i.    To  laugh 

Snig'ger,  J  with  catches  of 
voice.  [to  clip. 

Snip,  v.  t.  To  cut  off;  to  nip  ; 

Snipe,  n.  A  bird  having  a 
long,  straight,  slender  bill. 

Sniv'el  (sniv'I),  n.  Mucous 
running  from  the  nose.  — 
V.  i.  (8)  To  run  at  the  nose; 
to  cry,  as  children. 

Snob,  n.  A  vulgar  person  who 
apes  gentility  ;  an  upstart. 

Snob'bish,  a.  Relating  to,  or 
like,  a  snob. 

Snooze,  v.  i.  To  doze ;  to 
drowse.  —  n.  A  short  sleep; 
a  nap ;  slumber. 

Snore,  v.  i.  To  breathe  with 
a  rough,  hoarse  noise  in 
sleep.  —  n.  A  breathing 
with  a  loud  noise  in  sleep. 

SnSr'ing,  n.  A  loud,  hoarse 
breathing  in  sleep. 

Snort,  O.  i.  To  force  air 
through  the  nose  with  a 
noise.  [the  nose. 

Sn5t,  ii.     Mucus  from  or  in 

Snout,  n.  The  long  nose  of 
a  beast ;  end  of  a  pipe.. 

Snow,  n.  Frozen  vapor  whiclf 
falls  in  flakes.—  v.i.  To  fall 
in  flakes. 

Snow'-ball,  n.  A  round  mass 
or  lump  of  snow. 


5,5,I,o, M-,y,long;  a,G,'i,6}\i.,f,short;  care, car,  ask,  all, what ;  ere,  ve.ii,  term  ;  pVque,  firm  ; 


SNOW-BERRY 


247 


SOLIDITY 


Snow'-beVry,  n.  A  shrub 
with  small  white  berries-. 

Snow'-drop,  n.  A  bulbous 
plant  bearing  white  flowers. 

Snow'-shoe,  n.  A  light  frame 
for  f  e  foo*-,,  to  euablo  a  per- 
sor       walk  on  snow. 

,  a.      Full  of  snow; 
white  as  snow  ;  pure. 

Snub,  i>.  t.  To  check  or  re- 
buke sarcastically.  —  ft.  A 
reprimand ;  a  rebuke. 

Snuff  (1),  n.  Burnt  wick  of  a 
candle  ;  powdered  tobacco. 
—  v.  t.  Tocrop.astheburnt 
cad  of  the  wick  of  a  candle ; 
to  inhale  ;  to  smell.  —  v.  i. 
To  draw  air  forcibly  into  the 

Snuffbox,  n.  A  small  box  for 
snuff. 

Snuff'erg  (9),  n.  pi.  An  in- 
strument to  snuff  candles. 

Snuffle,  r.  i.  To  speak 
through  the  nose. 

Snug, a.  Lyingclose;  private; 
compact  and  comfortable. 

Smig'gle,  v.  i.  To  lie  close 
for  convenience  or  warmth. 

Snug'ly,aiu.  Closely;  safely. 

So,  adv.  Thus ;  in  like  man- 
ner or  degree ;  very. 

Soak,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  steep  or  be 
steeped ;  to  drench. 

Soap,  ft.  A  compound  of  oil 
or  tit,  and  an  alkali  or  oxide 
used  in  washing.  — v.  t.  To 
rub  with  soap. 

Soap'-boiPer,  n.  One  who 
makes  soap. 

S5ap'stone,w.  A  soft  mineral 
feeling  soapy  to  the  touch. 

35ap'-suds,  n.  Water  im- 
pregnated with  soap. 

Soap'y,  a.  Covered  with,  or 
like,  soap. 

Soar,  v.  i.  To  mount  on  the 
wing;  to  fly  aloft.  —  n.  A 
towering  flight. 

S5b,  v.  i.  To  sigh  convulsive- 
ly. —  ft.   A  convidsive  sigh. 

S  j'ber,  a.  Serious  ;  grave  ; 
temperate ;  not  intoxicated. 

•  —  v.  t.     To  make  sober. 

So'ber-ly,  adv.  Seriously ; 
gravely ;  temperately. 

So-brfe-ty,  n.  Habitual 
temperance ;  gravity. 


So'bri-quet'  (so'bre-ku'),  n. 
A  nickname. 

So'cia-bll'i-ty  (-sha-),n.  Dis- 
position for  society  or  con- 
versation. 

So'eia-ble  (-sha-),  a.  Ready 
to  converse ;  familiar. 

So'eia-bly  (-sha-),  adv.  Con- 
versably ;  familiarly. 

So'cial  (so'shal),  a.  Pertain- 
ing to,  or  fond  of,  society. 

S5'cial-ism,  ft.  Doctrine  that 
a  community  of  interests  is 
the  best  form  of  society. 

So-cf  e-ty,  n.  Union  of  per- 
sons in  one  interest ;  fellow- 
ship ;  companionship  ;  an 
association ;  company. 

So-Qin'i-an,  n.  A  follower  of 
Socinus,  who  denied  the 
Trinity,  deity  of  Christ,  &c. 

SSok,  ft.  A  shoe  for  a  comic 
actor ;  a  short  stocking. 

SSck'et,  n.  An  opening  into 
which  any  thing  is  fitted. 

Sod,  ft.  Earth  filled  with 
roots  of  grass.  — Syn.  Turf; 
clod;  sward. — v.  t.  To 
cover  with  sods  ;  to  turf. 

So'da,  n.  An  alkali,  forming 
the  basis  of  common  salt. 

Sod'den,  p.  p.  of  Seethe. 

Sod'er,  v.  I.  To  unite  with  a 
metallic  cement;  to  solder. 
—  n.     Metallic  cement. 

So'fa  (18),  n.  A  long,  stuffed, 
ornamental  seat. 

SSf'fit,  n.    A  ceiling. 

Soft,  a.  Easily  yielding;  gen- 
tle ;  tender ;  delicate ;  weak. 

Sdft'en  (sofn),  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
make  or  become  soft. 

Soft' ly,  adv.  Tenderly;  gen- 
tly; silently. 

Soft'ness,  n.  Quality  of  being 
soft  ;   tenderness.        [water. 

So^'gy,     a.       Soaked    with 

Soil.  v.  t.  To  daub  ;  to  stain  ; 
to  make  dirty.  —  ft.  Upper 
stratum  of  earth  ;  mold  ; 
compost ;  manure  ;  country. 

Soiree  (swa-ra'),  n.  An  even- 
ing party. 

So'journ,  v.  i.  To  dwell  for  a 
time. — n.  Temporary  abode. 

Sd'journ-er,  n.  A  temporary 
resident,  as  a  traveler. 

Sol  (1),  n.     A  note  in  music. 


SSl'ace,  v.  t.  To  give  com- 
fort to.  —Syn.  To  comfort; 
cheer  ;  assuage  ;  relieve.  — ■ 
n.     Comfort  in  grief. 

So'lar,  a.  Pertaining  to,  or 
proceeding  from,  the  sun. 

Scld,  imp.  &p.  p.  of  Sell. 

Sdl'der,  v.  t.  To  unite  with  a 
fusible  metallic  cement.  — 
n.  A  fusible  metallic  com- 
position for  uniting  the  sar- 
faces  of  metals. 

Sol'dier  (sSPjer),  n.  One  who 
is  engaged  in  military  ser- 
vice ;  a  warrior. 

S61'dier-ly  (sol'jer-),  a.  Like 
a  good  soldier  ;  warlike  ; 
martial.      [body  of  soldiers. 

S61'dier-y    (sol'jer-),    n.      A 

Sole,  ft.  Bottom  of  the  foot  or 
of  a  shoe  or  boot.  — v.  t.  To 
furnish  with  soles.  — a. 
Single  ;  alone  ;  solitary. 

S61'e-Qism,  ft.  Impropriety  in. 
language ;  any  absurdity. 

Sole'ly,  adv.  Singly  ;  only. 

Sol'emn  (sol'em),  a.  Re- 
ligiously grave  ;  marked 
with  solemnity  ;  awful  ; 
grave ;  formal. 

So-lem'ni-ty,  n.  Religious 
ceremony  ;  a  rite  ;  gravity  ; 
seriousness. 

Sol'em-ni-za'tion,  n.  Act  of 
solemnizing;  celebration. 

Sol'em-nize,  v.  t.  To  cele- 
brate in  due  form. 

S61'emn-ly  (sol'em-),  adv. 
With  solemnity  ;  gravely. 

So-lic/it,  v.  t.  To  ask  with 
earnestness.  —  Syn.  To  en- 
treat ;  supplicate  ;  implore. 

So-lig'it-a'tion,  n.  Entreaty. 

So-lic/it-or,  n.  An  advocate ; 
an  attorney.  [careful. 

So-lig'it-ous,  a.      Anxious  ; 

So-liQ'i-tiide,  ft.  Anxiety; 
carefulness  ;  concern. 

Sol'id,  a.  Hard  ;  firm ;  com- 
pact; sound. —  n.  A  sub- 
stance having  a  fixed  form. 

SSl'i-dar'i-ty,  n.  Entire 
union  of  interests  and  re- 
sponsibilities ;  fellowship. 

So-lid'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  make 
solid  or  compact. 

So-lid'i-ty,  it.  Firmness  ; 
hardness ;  density. 


sun,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  tot>k  ;   urn,  rue,  pull;  f,  g,  soft;  «,  g,  hard;  a;  ;  e^ist;  n  as  ng;  tins. 


SOLIDLY 


248 


SOUCHONG 


S61'id-ly,  adv.  Compactly  ; 
firmly  ;  densely. 

So-lil'o-quize,  v.  i.  To  utter 
a  soliloquy.  [one's  self. 

So-lii'o-quy,n.     A  talking  to 

S61'i-ta-ri-ness  ( 13 ) , n .  Lack 
of  company;  loneliness. 

S61'i-ta-ry,  a.  Lonely  ;  re- 
tired ;  single  ;  sole. 

Sol'i-tude,  n.  Loneliness ;  a 
lonely  place. 

So'lo,  n.  A  tune  or  air  per- 
formed by  one  person. 

Sol'stiQe,  n.  The  point  in  the 
ecliptic  at  which  the  sun  is 
furthest  from  the  equator. 

Sol-sti'tial  (-stish/al),  a.  Be- 
longing to,  or  happening  at, 
a  solstice.       [being  soluble. 

Sol'u-bll'i-ty,  n.     Quality  of 

S61'u-ble,  a.  Capable  of  being 
dissolved  in  a  fluid. 

So-lu'tion,  n.  Process  of  dis- 
solving in  a  fluid ;  mixture 
resulting  from  it ;  explana- 
tion. 

Solv'a-bil'i-tv,  n.  Ability  to 
pay  all  just  debts. 

Solv'a-blc  (11),  a.  Capable  of 
being  solved. 

Solve,  v.  t.  To  explain ;  to 
unfold  ;  to  clear  up. 

SSlv'en-cy,  n.  Ability  to  pay 
all  debts  or  just  claims. 

Solv'ent,  a.  Able  to  pay 
debts;  dissolving. — n.  A 
fluid  which  dissolves  any 
substance. 

Som'ber,  \  a.    Dull  ;  dusky ; 

Sdm'bre,  )      dark  ;  gloomy. 

Som'brous,  a.  Dark  ;  gloomy. 

Some  (stim),  a.  More  or  less ; 
indicating  a  quantity  or  per- 
son unknown;  certain. 

S6me'bod-y  (17), n.  A  person 
unknown  or  indeterminate ; 
some  person  ;  one. 

S6m'er-set(sBm/-),  n.  Aleap 
in  which  one  turns  heels 
over  head. 

Some'how,  adv.  In  one  way 
or  another. 

Some'thing,  n.  A  thing  in- 
determinate ;  a  part. 

S6me'tlme§,  adv.  Now  and 
then  ;  occasionally. 

Some'what  (sum'hwot),  adv. 
In  some  degree  or  quantity 

S.5,1 


Som-nam'bu-lism,  n.  Act  of 
walking  in  sleep. 

Som-nam'bu-'list,  n.  One 
who  walks  in  sleep. 

Som-nif'er-ous,  I  a.  Causing, 

Som-nif'ie,  )  or  tending 
to  cause,  sleep. 

Som-nri'o-quenQe,n.  Actof 
talking  in  sleep. 

Som-nil'o-quist,  n.  One  who 
talks  in  sleep. 

Som'no-lenge.-n.  Sleepiness. 

Som'no-lent,  a.  Inclined  to 
sleep  ;  sleepy. 

Son  (sun),  h.  A  male  child 
or  descendant. 

So-na'ta,  n.  A  tune  for  one 
or  two  instruments,    [sung. 

Song,  n.    A  short  poem  to  be 

Sdng'ster,  v..  A  singer  ;  a 
bird  that  sings.  [singer. 

S6ng'stress,  n.      A    femalq 

Son'net,  n.  A  poem  of  four- 
teen lines,  composed  accord- 
ing to  certain  rules. 

SSn'net-eer',  n.  A  composer 
of  sonnets  or  smell  poems. 

So-no'rous,a.  Giving  sound 
when  struck  ;  loud  ;  re- 
sounding ;  high-sounding. 

Son'ship,  n.  State  or  charac- 
ter of  a  son;  filiation. 

Soon,  adv.  In  a  little  time; 
shortly  ;  before  long. 

Sdbt  [or  soot),  n.  A  black 
substance  formed  by  com- 
bustion.—  v.  t.  To  black 
with  soot. 

Sooth,  n.     Truth  ;  reality. 

Soothe,  v.  t.  To  calm  ;  to 
quiet.  [predict. 

Sqoth'say,  v.  t.  To  foretell ;  to 

Sooth'say-er,  n.    A  prophet. 

Sdbt'y  (orsobt'y).  a.  Relating 
to,  or  covered  with,  soot. 

Sop,  n.  Food  dipped  in  any 
liquid.  —  v.  t.  To  steep  or 
dip  in  liquor. 

Soph'ism,  n.  A  fallacious 
argument ;  a  fallacy. 

SSph'ist,  n.  A  captious  or 
fallacious  reasoner. 

SSph'ist-er,  n.  A  sophist ;  a 
student  advanced,  in  Eng- 
land beyond  the  first,  and  in 
America  beyond  the  second, 
year  of  his  residence. 

So-phist'ie-al,  a.  Fallacious 


So-phist'ie-al-ly,  adv.  In  a. 
sophistical  manner. 

So-phist'i-e-ate,  v.t.  To  per- 
vert ;  to  corrupt.      [soning. 

S6ph'ist-ry,  n.  Fallacious  rea- 

Soph'o-more,  n.  A  student 
in  college  in  his  second  year. 

Soph/o-mSr'i-e,       I  a.  Inflat- 

Soph/o-mor'ie-al,  j  ed  in 
style  or  manner. 

SSp'o-rlf'er-ous, )  a.     Caus- 

Sop'o-rlf'ie,         J    ing  sleep. 

Sop'o-rif'ie,  n.  A  medicine 
that  puts  to  sleep. 

So-pra'no,  n.    The  treble. 

S6r'ger-er,  n.  A  magician  ; 
an  enchanter ;  a  conjurer. 

S6r'cer-ess,  n.  An  enchant- 
ress, [sorcery. 

Sor'ger-ous,  a.  Pertaining  to 

Scr'gcr-y,  n.  Enchantment; 
witchcraft ;  magic,    [filthy. 

Scr'c.id,  a.     Covetous ;  base  ; 

Sor'dkl-ly,  adv.  With  covc- 
tousness;  meanly;  basely. 

Sore,  n.  Flesh  tender  and 
painful ;  a  wound  ;  an  ul- 
cer.—  a.  Tender  to  tbo 
touch  ;  painful. 

Sore,  or  Sorc'ly,  adv.  With 
pain ;  grievously  ;  greatly. 

Sorc'ness,  n.    Tenderness. 

Sor/rel,  a.  Of  a  yellowish  or 
reddish  brown  color.  —  n.  A 
plant  having  a  sour  juice. 

Sdr'ri-ly,  adv.  Meanly  ; 
poorly ;  despicably. 

Sor'row,  n.  Pain  produced 
by  a  sense  of  loss  ;  regret; 
—  SYN.  Gri^f ;  sadness  ; 
unhappiness.  — v.  i.  To  be 
sorry ;  to  mourn  ;  to  grieve ; 
to  be  sad.  [sad. 

Sor'row-ful,    a.     Mournful  ; 

Sor'ry,  a.  Grieved  for  some- 
thing lost  or  past ;  poor ; 
mean ;  vile. 

Sort,  n.  A  species  ;  kind  ; 
manner.  —  v.  t.  To  dispose 
in  classes. — v.  i.  To  agree; 
to  associate ;  to  suit. 

S6t,  n.  An  habitual  drunkard. 

Sot'tish,  a.  Dull  or  stupid 
with  drink ;  drunken. 

Sou  (sob),  n.  (pi.  Sous,  sob.) 
The  20th  of  a  franc. 

Spu-gh6ng'  (sob-shong'),.  n. 
"A  kind  of  black  tea. 


o,u,  y,long;  S,S,T,  6,U,f,  short ;  care, car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  vgil,  term  jp'fque,  firm 


SOUGH 


249 


SPECIES 


Sough  (snf),  n.  A  hollow 
murmur  or  roaring. 

Sought  (sawt),  imp.  of  Seek. 

Soul,  n.  The  spiritual  and 
immnt  al  part  of  man  ;  life  ; 
intellf  ial  principle  ;  a  hu- 
ma  )g. 

Soul -^  ,6,  a.  "Without  a  soul ; 
mean ;  spiritless. 

Sound, n.  Noise;  a  narrow 
sea ;  air-bladder  of  a  fish.  — 
a.  Whole ;  unhurt.  —  v.  i. 
To  make  a  noise ;  to  try  the 
depth  of  water. — v.  t.  To 
cause  to  make  a  noise ;  to  try 
the  depth  of. 

Sound'ings,  n.  pi.  A  part  of 
the  sea  or  other  water  in 
which  the  bottom  can  be 
reached. 

Sound'ly,  adv.  Healthily  ; 
heartily  ;  stoutly  ;  justly. 

Sound'n  e  ss ,  n.  S  tate  of  be- 
ing sound. 

Soup  (sobp),  n.  A  decoction 
of  flesh,  vegetables,  &c. 

Sour,  a.  Acid  ;  tart  ;  crab- 
bed. —  v.  i.  To  become  acid. 

Sourge,  n.  A  spring ;  foun- 
tain ;  crigin  ;  first  cause. 

Sour'ish,  a.    Somewhat  sour. 

Sour'ly,  adv.      With  acidity. 

Sour'ness,  n.  Acidity ;  tart- 
ness ;  austerity. 

Souse,  n.  Pickle  made  of  the 
ears  and  feet  of  swine  ;  a 
plunge.  — v.  t.  To  steep  in 
60use  ;  to  plunge  ;  to  dip. 

South,  11.  Point  opposite  the 
north. — a.  Lying  in  a 
southern  direction.  —  adv. 
Toward  the  south. — v.  t. 
To  move  toward  the  south  ; 
to  cross  a  north  and  south 

Iline. 
South-east',  n.    A  point  be- 
tween south  and  east. 
South 'er-ly  (sunVer-),  a.  Pe- 
ing  at,  or  coming  from,  the 
south. 
I     South'ern  (sSth/ern),  a.  Per- 
taining to  the  south. 
Southing,  n.    Course  or  dis- 
tance south  ;  time  when  the 
moon  passes  the  meridian. 
South'ron    (sHtiV-),    n.      A 
native  or  inhabitant  of  the 
south. 


South'ward  (or  sufh'ard), 
adv.  Toward  the  south. 

South-west',  n.  A  point  be- 
tween south  and  west.  —  a. 
Being  at  the  south-west. 

Souvenir  (sooVneer'),  n.  A 
remembrancer;  41  keepsake. 

Sov'er-eign  (sov'er-iu  or 
suv'er-in),  a.  Supreme  in 
power;  chief. — n.  A  su- 
preme ruler;  monarch. 

Sov'er-eign-ty  (sov'er-in-  or 
suVer-iu-),  n.  Exercise  of 
supreme  power. 

Sow  (sou),  n.  A  female  swine. 

Sow  (so),  v.  t.  [imp.  bowed  ; 

p.  p.    SOWED,    SOWN.]     To 

scatter  as  seed  for  growth ; 
to  plant ;  to  spread. 

Sown,  p  p.  of  Sow.         [fish. 

Soy,  n.     A  kind  of  sauce  for 

Spa,  n.  A  spring  of  mineral 
water.  [distance. 

Spage,  n.    Room  ;  extension  ; 

Spa'cious,  a.  Large  iu  ex- 
tent ;  ample ;  capacious. 

Spade,  11.  An  instrument  for 
digging ;  ( ;;/. )  a  suit  of  cards. 

Span,  n.  A  hand's  breadth, 
with  the  fingers  extended  or 
encompassing  the  object ;  9 
inches. — v.  t.  (7)  To  measure 
with  the  fingers  extended. 

Span'gle,  n.  A  small  plate 
or  "boss  cf  metal.  — v.  t.  To 
set  with  spangles. 

Span'iard,  n.    A  native  of 

.   Spain. 

Span'iel  (spSn'yel),  n.  A 
variety  of  sporting  dog. 

Span'ish,  a.  Pertaining  to 
Spain.  —  n.  The  language 
of  Spain. 

Spank,  v.  t.  To  strike  with 
the  open  hand  ;  to  slap. 

Spank'er,  n.  A  small  coin  ; 
after-sail  of  a  ship  or  bark. 

Spar,  n.  A  mineral ;  a  long 
round  beam,  as  a  yard  or 
boom. — v.i.  To  fight,  as 
a  pugilist.  [of  a  vessel. 

Spar'-deck,  n.    Upper  deck 

Spare,  a.  Scanty  ;  parsi- 
monious ;  lean  ;  thin.  — v.  t. 
To  use  frugally ;  to  do  with- 
out ;  to  forbear  to  punish. 
Spare'-rib,  n.  Ribs  of  pork 
with  little  flesh  on  them. 


Spar'ing,  a.  Scarce ;  scanty ; 
saving  ;  chary. 

Spark,  n.  A  particle  of  fire; 
a  gay  man  ;  a  lover  ;  a  gal- 
lant. 

Spark'le,  n.  A  small  spark, 
or  particle  of  fire  — v.  i.  To 
en.it  sparks. 

Spar'rtw,  n.  Ore  of  several 
species  of  small  birds. 

Spar'ry,  a.  Resembling  spar. 

Sparse",  a.  Thinly  scattered 
cr  dispersed. 

Sparse'ly.c^.    Thinly. 

Spar'tan,  a  Pertaining  to 
Sparta  ;  brave  ;  hardy. 

Spa§m,  n.  Involuntary  con- 
traction of  muscles;  cramp. 

Spa§-m6d'i-e,  a  Consisting 
in  spasm ;  convulsive. 

Spat'ter,  v.  t.  To  sprinkle 
with  a  liquid,  or  with  mud. 

Spat'u-la,M  An  apothecary's 
broad  knife  for  plasters. 

Spav'in,  n.  A  tumor  on  or 
near  one  of  the  joints  of  a 
horse's  leg. 

Spawn ,  n .  Eggs  of  frogs  and 
fishes.  —  v.  i.  cr  t.  To  de- 
posit, as  spawn. 

Spay,  v.  t.  To  cut  out  the 
ovaries  of,  as  of  a  female 
beast. 

Speak,  v.  [imp.  spoke  (obs. 

SPAKE)   ;       p.    p      SPOKE, 

spoken!]  To  utter  words  ; 
to  talk ;  to  discourse. 

Speak'er,  n .  One  who  speaks ; 
the  presiding  officer  in  a  de- 
liberative assembly. 

Spear,  n.  A  long,  pointed 
weapon  of  war. — v.t.  To 
pierce  with  a  spear. 

Spear'man  (21),  n.  One 
armed  with  a  spear. 

Spear'mint,  n.    A  plant. 

SpS'cial  (spesh'al),  a.  Pecu- 
liar ;  appropriate ;  specific ; 
particular. 

Spe'cial-ly  (spesh'al-),  adv. 
Particularly  :  specifically. 

Spe'cial-ty  (spesh'al-),  n.  A 
special  contract,  or  the  evi- 
dence of  a  debt  under  seal ; 
a  special  object  of  attention. 

Spe'cie  (spe'shy),  n.  Coined 
or  hard  money. 

Spe'cieg    (spe'shez  ;    colloq. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tcTok ;  Urn,  rue,  pull ;  9,  g,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


SPECIFIC 

spe'shiz),  n.  Sort ;  kind ;  a 
class  subordinate  to  a  genus. 

Sps-Qif'i-e,  a.  Distinguishing 
one  from  another ;  compre- 
hended under  a  kind ;  pe- 
culiar. —  n.  An  infallible 
remedy. 

Spe-gif'i-e-al-ly,  adv.  Def- 
initely ;  particularly. 

Spec/i-fi-ea/tion,  n.  Act  of 
specifying ;  particular  men- 
tion ;  thing  specified ;  a  writ- 
ten and  detailed  statement. 

Sp3Q'i-fy,  v  t.  To  mention, 
as  a  particular  thing. 

Spec/i-men,  n.  A  sample; 
a  pattern ;  a  model. 

Spe'cious,  a.  Apparently 
right;  appearing  well  at 
first  sight.  [appearance. 

Spe'cious-ly,  adv.  With  fair 

Speck,  n.  A  stain  ;  a  small 
discolored  place.  —  v.  t.  To 
spot;  to  stain. 

Speck'le,  n.  A  small  speck. 
—  v.  t.  To  mark  with  small 
specks,  or  spots. 

Speck'led,  a.  Variegated 
with  small  spots. 

Spee'ta-cle,  n.  A  show  ; 
sight;  exhibition ;  (pi.)  glass- 
es to  assist  the  sight. 

Spec-tae'u-lar,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  shows,      [a  beholder. 

Spe€-ta'tor,  n.  A  looker-on; 

SpSe'ter  I  (29),  n.  An  appari- 

Spee'tre  J     tion  ;  a  ghost. 

Sp8€'tral,  a.  Pertaining  to 
a  specter ;  ghostly. 

SpSe'trum,  n.  Rays  of  light 
separated  by  a  prism  or  by 
other  means. 

Spe€'u-lar,  a.  Like  a  mirror. 

Spee'u-late,  v.  ?'.  To  medi- 
tate ;  to  buy  in  expectation 
of  a  rise  in  price. 

Spec'u-la'tion,  n.  Mental 
view ;  act  of  speculating. 

Spee'u  la-tive,  a.  Given  to 
speculation;  theoretical. 

Spee'u-la/tor,  n.  One  who 
speculates. 

SpeVu-lura,  n.  A  glass  that 
reflects  images ;  a  mirror. 

Sped,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Speed. 

Speech,  n.  Power  of  speak- 
ing ;  that  which  i*  spoken  ; 
language;  discourse. 


250 

Speech'less,  a.  Not  speaking 
or  not  able  to  speak ;  dumb ; 
mute ;  silent. 

Speed,  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
sped.]  To  make  haste;  to 
hasten ;  to  fare.  —  n.  Haste ; 
dispatch  ;  celerity. 

Speed'i-ly,  adv.  Quickly ; 
hastily.  [swift. 

Speed'y,  a.    Quick  ;   hasty  ; 

Spell  (1),  n.  A  charm  ;  turn 
at  work ;  a  short  time.  — 
v.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SPELLED,  SPELT]  To 
name  or  write  fan  order  the 
proper  letters  of  a  word ;  to 
take  a  turn  at  work. 

Spell'er,  n.  One  who  spells ; 
a  spelling-book. 

Spelt,  n.    A  species  of  grain. 

Spel'ter,n.  Zinc.        [jacket. 

Spen'Qer,  n.  A  short  over- 
Spend,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
spent  ]  To  consume  ;'  to 
waste  ;  to  exhaust ;  to  wear 
away ;  to  expend. 

Spend'thrift,  n.    A  prodigal. 

Sperm,  n.  Animal  seed  ; 
spermaceti ;  spawn  of  fishes. 

Sper'ma-ge'ti,  n.  A  hard,  fat- 
ty matter  obtained  from  the 
head  of  whales. 

Spew,  v.    To  vomit ;  to  eject. 

Sphere,  n.  A  globe ;  orb  ; 
circuit ;  province.  — v.  t.  To 
place  in  a  sphere. 

Spher'i-e,       I  a.    Having  the 

Spher'i€-al,  1  form  of  a- 
sphere;  globular;  round. 

Sphe-ric/i-ty,  n.  Rotnndity. 

Spher'ics,  n.  sing.  Doctrine 
of  the  sphere ;  spherical  ge- 
ometry and  trigonometry. 

Sphe'roid,  n.  A  body  nearly 
spherical.  [a  spheroid. 

Sphe-roid'al,  a.  Formed  like 

Spher'ule  (ster'cTol),  n.  A 
little  sphere. 

Sphinx  (IS),  n.  A  fabulous 
monster  having  the  winged 
body  of  a  lion  and  the  face 
and  breast  of  a  maiden. 

SpiQe,  n.  An  aromatic  vege- 
table substance.  — v.  t.  To 
season  with  spice,     [points. 

Spi€'u-lar,  a.    Having  sharp 

Spi'Qy  (13),  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  like,  spice ;  aromatic. 


SPIRIT 

SpiMer,  n.  An  animal,  resem- 
bling an  insect,  that  spins 
webs  for  catching  its  prey. 

Spig'ot,  n.  A  peg  to  stop  a 
hole  in  a  cask. 

Spike,  n.  An  ear  of  corn  or 
something  resembling  it;  a 
large  nail.  —  v.  t.  To  fasten 
with  a  spike. 

Spike'nard  (spfiV-),  n.  An 
aromatic  plant  and  an  oil 
from  it.  • 

Spik'y,  a.  Having  a  sharp 
point  or  points. 

Spile,  n.  A  small  pegor  wood- 
en pin  to  stop  a  hole. 

Spill,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SPILLED,  spilt.]  To  shed 
or  suffer  to  be  shed.  —  v.  i. 
To  be  lost  by  shedding. 

Spin,  v.  t.  or  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
spun.]  To  draw  out  and 
twist  into  threads  ;  to  pro- 
tract ;  to  twirl. 

Spin'ach  I  (spin'ej),    n.       A 

Spin'age  )      garden  plant. 

Spi'nal,  a.  Belonging  to  the 
spine,  or  backbone. 

Spin'dle,  n.  A  pin  to  form 
thread  on  in  spinning,  or 
something  like  this. — v.  i. 
To  become  thin  or  tall. 

Spine,  n.  The  backbone ;  a 
thorn  ;  a  sharp  process. 

Spl'nel,  or  Spi-nel',  n.  A 
mineral  of  great  hardness. 

Spin'et,  or  Spi-net',  n.  A 
musical  instrument  now  su- 
perseded by  the  piano-forte. 

Spl-n5s'i-ty, n.  Stateof being 
spiny  or  thorny. 

Spi'nous,  f  a.  Full  of  spines; 

Spl'ny,      |     thorny. 

Spin'ster,  n.  A  woman  who 
spins ;  an  unmarried  woman . 

Spir'a-ele  (or  spl'ra-kl),  n.  A 
breathing-hole.  [screw. 

Spi'ral,   a.     Winding  like  a 

Spire,  ft.  A  winding  like  a 
screw ;  a  twist ;  a  steeple ;  a 
shoot.  —  r.  /.  To  shoot  up 
pyramidically ;  to  sprout. 

Spir'it,  ft  Breath  ;  life  ;  im- 
material and  immortal  part 
of  man  ;  soul ;  a  ghost ;  ex- 
citement ;  vigor  ;  distilled 
liquor.  —  v.  t.  To  animate; 
to  excite ;  to  kidnap. 


5,e,i, o,  u,  y,long;  a,e,T,ci,  u,y,s/jori;  care, car,  ask,  all, what;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm  ; 


SPIRITED 


251 


SPRING 


Spir'it-ed,  a.  Full  of  spirit  or 
life.  [it. 

Spir'it-less,  a.  Without  spir- 

Spir'it-u-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  spirit  ;  incorporeal  ; 
mental ;  holy ;  ecclesiastical. 

Spir'it-u  al'i-ty,  n.  State  of 
being  oiritual ;  spiritual 
nat"»      pure  devotion. 

Spir'.  al-Ize(Sl),  v.  t.  To 
make  spiritual. 

Splr'it-u-al-ly,  adv.  Divinely. 

Spir'it-u-ous,  a.  Consisting 
of  refined  spirit ;  ardent. 

Spirt,  v.  &  n.  See  Spurt. 

Spir'y,  a.  Of  a  spiral  form, 
or  of  the  form  of  a  pyramid. 

Spls'si-tude,  n.  Thickness  of 
soft  substances. 

Spit,  n.  An  iron  prong  to 
roast  meat  on  ;  a  point  of 
land  running  into  the  sea  ; 
saliva;  spittle. — v.  t.  To 
put  on  a  spit ;  to  pierce.  — 
r.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SPIT.]  To  eject  spittle. 

Spite,  n.  Rancorous  ill-will. 
—  Syn.  Malice;  malignity; 
malevolence. — v.  t.  To  be 
angry  at ;  to  thwart ;  to  in- 
jure maliciously,      [lignant. 

Splte'ful,  a.     Malicious  ;  ma- 

Spit'tle,  n.  Moisture  of  the 
mouth  ;  saliva.         [spit  in. 

Spit-toon',  n.      A   vessel   to 

Splash,  r.  t.  To  dash  with 
water  or  mud.  —  n.  Water 
or  mud  thrown  on  any 
thing.      [the  sole  flattened. 

Splay'-fdbt'ed,  a.      Having 

Spleen,  n  The  milt,  a  glan- 
dular organ  to  the  left  of 
the  stomach  :  ill-humor. 

Spleen'y.a.  Angry  ;  peevish. 

Splen'dent,  a.  Shining  ; 
bright 

Splen'did,  a.  Bright ;  showy ; 
magnificent.  [show. 

Splen'did-ly,  adv.  With  great 

Splen'dor,  n.  Great  bright- 
ness ;  magnificence ;  pomp. 

Splen'e-tie,  a.  Full  of  spleen 

Splige,  v.  t.  To  unite,  as  two 
ends  of  a  rope.  —  n .  Union 
of  ropes  by  interweaving. 

Splint,       )  n.    A  thin  piece 

Splint'er,  f  of  wood  used  to 
protect  a  broken  bone. 


Splint,  v.  t.  To  confine  with 
splints,  as  a  broken  limb. 

Splint'er,  v.  t.  To  split  into 
long,  thin  pieces ;  to  secure 
by  splints. 

Split,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
SPLIT.]  To  divide  length- 
wise ;  to  cleave  ;  to  rive. 

Splut'ter,».    Bustle ;  stir. 

Spoil  (8),  i\  t.  To  rob  ;  to 
strip  by  violence;    to  ruin. 

—  v.  i.  To  decay.  —  n.  Plun- 
der ;  booty ;  pillage. 

Spoke,  imp.  of  Speak.—  n. 
Ray  or  bar  of  a  wheel  ; 
round  of  a  ladder.     [Speak. 

Spo'ken    (spo'kn),  p.  p.   of 

Spokes'man  (21),  n.  One  who 
speaks  for  others. 

Spo'li-a'tion,  n.  Act  of 
plundering.  [a  spondee. 

Spon-da'i-e,  a.   Pertaining  to 

Spdn'dee  (IS),  n.  A  poetic 
foot  of  two  long  syllables 

Sponge  (spanj),  n.  A  porous 
marine  substance,  used  for 
various  purposes ;  dough 
raised  but  not  kneaded.  — 
v.  t.  To  wipe  out  with  a 
sponge.  —  v.  i.  To  live  by 
mean  arts,  or  by  hanging  on . 

Spong'er  (spunj'er),  n.  One 
who  sponges  ;  a  parasite. 

Spong'i-ness, n.  Quality  of 
being  spongy. 

Spong'y,  a.  Porous;  soft. 

Sp6n'sal,  a.  Relating  to  mar- 
riage, or  to  a  spouse. 

SpSn'sion,  n.  Actof  becom- 
ing surety  for  another. 

SpSn'sor,  n.  A  surety ;  a 
godfather  or  godmother. 

SpSn'ta-ne'i-ty,  n.  Quality 
of  acting  freely  without  re- 
straint ;  voluntary  action. 

Spon-ta'ne-ous,  a.  Volun- 
tary ;  willing  ;  not  com- 
pelled, [half  pike. 

Spon-tobn',  n.      A   kind   of 

Spool,  n.  A  kind  of  hollow 
cylinder  to  wind  thread  on. 

—  v.  t.    To  wind  on  spools. 
Spo"on.  n.      A  small   utensil 

used  in  eating  liquids. 
Spobn'bill,  n.  A  wading  bird, 

with  a  spoon-shaped  bill. 
Spdbn'ful  (26),  n.    As  much 

as  a  spoon  can  hold. 


Spo-rad'i€,  a.        Separate  ; 

single. 

Sport,  n.  Play  ;  mirth  ;  frol- 
ic ;  mock.  — v.  i.  To  play  ; 
to  make  merry. 

Sport'ful,  a.  Merry  ;  frolic- 
some ;'  mirthful. 

Sport'ive,  a.  Merry  ;  gay  ; 
playful ;  frolicsome. 

Sports'man  (21),  n.  One  fond 
of  field  sports. 

Spot,  n.  A  stain  ;  a  blemish  ; 
any  particular  place.  —  r.  t. 
To  mark  ;  to  dtain  ;  to  tar- 
nish ;  to  disgrace. 

Sp6t'less,a.  Free  from  spots ; 
pure  ;  blameless.         [spot.;. 

Sp6t'ted,  a.      Marked  with 

Spouse,  n.  A  husband  or  wife. 

Spous'al,  a.  Matrimonial. — n. 
Marriage ;  nuptials. 

Spout,  n.  A  projecting  mouth 
of  a  vessel ;  a  pipe.  —  t\  t. 
or  i.  To  throw  or  issue  out 
of  a  narrow  orifice. 

Sprain,  n.  Excessive  strain- 
ing of  the  muscles  or  liga- 
ments of  a  joint.  — 1\  t.  To 
overstrain,  as  a  joint. 

Sprang,  imp.  of  Spring. 

Sprat,  n.  A  small  fish  allied 
to  the  herring. 

Sprawl,  v.  i.  To  lie  with  the 
limbs  stretched  out. 

Spray,  n.  A  twig;  water 
driven  in  small  drops  by  the 
wind. 

Spread,  v.  i.  or  t.  [imp.  & 
p.p.  spread.]  To  extend  ; 
to  expand  ;  to  diffuse.  — n. 
Extent ;  expansion. 

Spree,  n.  A  merry  frolic  ;  a 
drinking  frolic  ;  a  carousal. 

Sprig,  n.  A  small  shoot  or 
branch;  twig. —  v.  t.  To 
work  with  sprigs. 

Sprlght  ( sprit ) ,  n .  A  spirit ;  an 
apparition.      [brisk  ;  lively. 

Spright'ful  (spritffttl),«.  Gay; 

Spright'li-ness  (sprit'-),  n. 
Briskness  ;  liveliness  ;  gay- 
ety  :  vivacity. 

Spright'ly  (sprlt'ly),  a. 
Brisk  ;  lively  ;  active  ;  vig- 
orous ;  vivacious. 

Spring,  v.  i.  [imp.  sprang, 
sprung  ;  p.  p.  SPKUKG.j 
To  leap  ;  to  bound  :  to  issue 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  to"o,  took ;  urn,  rije,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  a^  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  ttrta. 


SPRINGE 

with  force  ;  to  arise  ;  to 
start  ;  to  begin.  —  v.  t.  To 
fire,  as  a  mine  ;  to  crack,  as 
a  mast.  — n.  A  leap ;  elastic 
force ;  season  of  the  year 
when  plants  begin  to  grow  ; 
a  fountain  ;  a  source. 

Springe  (sprinj,  11),  n.  A 
snare.  — v.  t.    To  ensnare. 

Sprlng'-halt,  I  n.  A  lameness 

Strlng'-halt,  J  in  which  a 
horse  suddenly  twitches  up 
his  legs. 

Spring'i-ness,  n.    Elasticity. 

Spring'-tlde,  n.  A  high  tide 
at  the  new  and  full  moon. 

Sprmg'y,  a.  Containing 
springs  ;  elastic  ;  spongy. 

Sprink'le,  v.  To  scatter  or  fall 
in  small  drops  or  particles. 

Sprink'ling,  n.  Act  of  scat- 
tering in  small  particles. 

Sprit,  n.  A  pole  placed  diag- 
onally to  extend  a  sail. 

Sprite,  n.   A  spirit;  a  ghost. 

Sprout,  v.  i.  To  shoot ;  to 
bud.  — n.  Shoot  of  a  plant. 

Spruge,  a.  Neat,  without 
elegance.  —  n.  A  cone-bear- 
ing evergreen  tree.  —  v.  To 
dress  with  affected  neatness. 

Spruge'ly,  adv.  With  affected 
neatness.  [trimness. 

Spruge'ness.  n.     Neatness  ; 

Sprung,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of 
Spring. 

Spry  (13),  a.   Nimble  ;  brisk. 

Spume,  n.    Froth  ;  scum. 

Spum'ous, )  a.  Consisting  of 

Spum'y,     j    froth  or  scum. 

Spun,  imp.  of  Spin. 

Spunk,  n.  Dry,  rotten  wood; 
resolute  spirit. 

Spur,  n.  An  instrument  with 

sharp  points,  worn  on  the 

.  heel  as  a  goad  by  horsemen  ; 

incitement. —  v.  t.  To  prick; 

to  incite  ;  to  goad. 

Spurge,  n.  A  plant,  having 
an  acrid,  milky  juice;. 

Spu'ri-ous,  a.  Not  genuine ; 
false  ;  counterfeit. 

Spu'ri-ous -ly,  adv.   Falsely. 

Spurn,  v.  t.  To  kick  ;  to  re- 
ject with  disdain. 

Spurred,  a.  AVearing  or  hay- 
ing spurs.  [spurs. 

Spur'ri-er,  n.  One  who  makes 


252 

Spurt,  v.  t.    To  throw  out  in 

a  stream. — n.      A  small, 

quick  stream  ;  a  jet. 
Sput'ter  (8),  v.  i.     To  throw 

spittle  ;  to  talk  indistinctly. 
Spy,  n.     One  who  constantly 

watches     the     conduct    of 

others.  — v.  t.  To  discover  ; 

to  inspect  secretly,  [scope. 
Spy'-glass,  n.  A  small  tele- 
Squab,    a.         Unfeathered  ; 

short  and   stout.  —  n.      A 

young  pigeon  ;  a  person  of  a 

short,  fat  figure 
Squab'ble,  f.  i.  To  wrangle  ; 

to  scuffle.  —  n.  A  wrangle. 
Squad  ( skwod ),  n.  A  company 

or  small  party. 
Squad'ron,  n.  Part  of  a  fleet ; 

a  body  of  cavalry  troops. 
Squal'id  (skwol'id),  a.    Dirty 

through    neglect   ;      foul  ; 

filthy. 
Squall,  n.      A  sudden    and 

violent  gust  of  wind ;  a  loud 

scream. — v.i.     To  scream 

violently,  as  a  child. 
Squall'y  (9),  a.      Subject  to 

squalls. 
Squa/lor,  n.  Filthiness. 
Squan'der  (skwon'der),  v.  t. 

To'spend  lavishly  ;  to  waste. 
Square,  a.  Having  four  equal 

sides  and  four  right  angles 

true ;  just 

—  n.  A  figure  of 
four  equal  sides 
and  equal  angles; 
an  open  space  in 
a  town  ;  an  area  s1uare' 
of  four  sides,  with  houses  on 
each  ;  a  carpenter's  instru- 
ment. —  v.  t.  To  make 
square  or  equal;  tomultiply 
by  itself.  —  r.  i.  To  accord 
exactly  ;  to  suit ;  to  agree. 

Squash  (skwosh),  n.  A  plant. 

—  v .  t.  To  beat  or  press  into 
pulp  ;  to  crush. 

Squat,  v.  i.  To  sit  on  the 
hams  and  heels.  —  n.  Pos- 
ture of  sitting  on  the  hams. 

—  a.     Cowering  ;  short  and 
thick. 

Squat'ter,  n.  One  who  settles 

on  new  land  without  title. 
Squaw,  ii.  An  Indian  woman. 
Squeak,   v.    i.     To    utter    a 


it  angles  ; 


STAGE-COACE 

short,  sharp,  shrill  sound. — 
n.   A  short,  shrill  sound. 

Squeal,  v.  i.  To  cry  with  a 
shrill  sound.  —  n.  A  shrill, 
sharp,  prolonged  cry. 

Squeam'ish,  a.      Nice  ;  fas- 
i      tidious  ;  dainty. 

Squeeze,  v  t.  or  t.  To  press 
close  ;  to  crowd.  — n.  Close 
compression  ;  pressure. 

Squib,  n.  A  kind  of  firework  ; 
a  petty  lampoon. 

Squill  (1),  n.  A  plant  with  a 
root  having  emetic  proper- 
ties ;  a  kind  of  shell-fish  ; 
an  insect.  [ly. 

Squint,  v.  i.  To  look  oblique- 

Squmt'-eyed,a.  Havingejes 
that  squint ;  oblique. 

Squire,  n.  Same  as  Esquire. 
—  v.  t.  To  wait  on  ;  tout- 
tend  as  a  squire  or  a  gallant. 

Squirm,  v.  i.  To  twist  and 
struggle. 

Squir'rel  (skwir/rel  or 
skwiir'rel),  n.  A  small  ac- 
tive animal  with  a  bushy 
tail. 

Squirt,  v.  t.  To  eject  from  a 
pipe  or  in  a  stream.  —  n.  A 
pipe  for  ejecting  liquids. 

Stab,  v.  t.  To  pierce  with  a 
pointed  weapon.  —  n.  A 
wound  with  a  pointed  weap- 
on, [steadiness. 

Sta-bil'i-ty,    n.      Firmness  ; 

Sta'ble,  a.  Fixed  ;  durable  ; 
steady.  —  n.  A  house  for 
beasts.  [eral. 

Sta'bling,  n.    Stables  in  gen- 
Stack  (5),  ii.    A  large  pile  of 
hay,   grain,  wood,  &c. — v. 
t.    To  pile  in  stacks. 

Stad'dle,  n.  A  support  for  a 
stack  of  hay,  &c. ;  a  small 
tree  of  nnv  kind. 

Staff  (1,£0),  n.    A  stick  for 
support:    the  five  lines  and     ^J 
spaces   on   which   music  is     \ 
written  :    a  stanza  ;  certain 
officers  attached  to  an  army.     3 

Stag,  n.  Male  of  the  red-  1 
deer  ;  a  hart. 

Stage,  n.  A  raised  floor  or  1 
platform  :  the  theater ;  a  de-  J 
gree  of  advance.. 

Stage  '-coach,  n.)  A  public  i 
traveling  carriage. 


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STAGE-PLAY 


253 


STATIONERY 


Stage'-play,  n.   A  theatrical 

entertainment;  a  drama. 
Stage'-play'er,  n.    An  actor 

of  plays  on  the  stage. 
Stag'ger,  v.  t.      To  reel  in 

walking ;  to  vacillate. 
Stag'na  -gy,   «■     State  of 

being        'nant. 
Stag'        o,  a.    Not  flowing  ; 

motionless ;  still. 
Stag'nate,  v.  i.    To  become 

stagnant :  to  cease  to  flow. 
Stag-na'tion,  n.    Absence  of 

motion  ;  dullness. 
Staid,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Stay. 

—  a.  Steady ;  grave  ;  sober. 
Stain',  v.  t.    To  discolor  ;  to 

color  ;  to  tarnish  ;  to  dis- 
grace. —  n.  A  blot;  spot; 
taint ;  disgrace. 

Stain'less,  a.  Free  from 
stains ;  spotless.  [ing. 

Stair,  n._  A  step  for  ascend- 

Stair'-ease,  n.  Framework 
of  a  flight  of  stairs. 

Stake,  n.  A  sharpened  stick  of 
.  wood  ;  martyrdom  ;  wager ; 
pledge. — v.  t.  To  defend 
with  stakes  ;  to  wager  ;  to 
pledge. 

StaPae-tit'i-e,  a.  Relating  to, 
or  resembling,  a  stalactite. 

Sta-lae'tite,  «.  A  mineral  in 
form  of  an  icicle. 

Sta-lag'mite,  n.  A  deposit  of 
calcareous  matter  on  the 
floor  of  a  cavern. 

Stale,  a.  Y:ipid  and  tasteless. 

—  n.  A  decoy  ;  a  long  han- 
dle ;  urine,  especially  that 
of  beasts. — v.  i.  To  dis- 
charge urine. 

Stalk  (stawk),  n.  Stem  of  a  | 
plant.  —  v.  i.  To  strut. 

Stall ,  n .  A  stand  for  a  beast ; 
a  bench.  —  v.  t.   To  keep  in  i 
a  stall ;  to  invest. 

Stall'-fed,  a.  Fattened  in  a  I 
stable,  or  on  dry  fodder. 

Stall'ion  (stal'ymi),  to.  A 
horse  for  raising  stock. 

Stal'wart,  a.  Brave ;  bold  ; 
strong ;  powerful. 

Sta'men,  v.  (pi.  Sta'mens_, 
Stam'i-na,  25.)  Founda- 
tion ;  support  ;  male  organ 
of  a  flower. 

Stam'mer,    v.    i.     To   pro- 


nounce'with  hesitation  or 
imperfectly. 

Stamp,  v.  t.  To  strike  down- 
ward with  the  foot ;  to  im- 
press with  some  mark  ;  to 
coin  money.  —  n.  An  in- 
strument for  making  an  im- 
pression ;  mark  impressed  ; 
a  print ;  character ;  make. 

Stam-pede',  n.  A  sudden 
fright  and  running  away  of 
cattle,  horses,  &c. 

Stanch,  v.  To  stop,  as  flowing 
blood.  —  a.  Firm  ;  sound  ; 
strong;  constant  and  zeal- 
ous, [prop  or  support. 

Stan'chion  (stiWshun),  n.  A 

Stand,  v.  i.  or  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
STOOD.]  To  be  on  the  feet ; 
to  stop  ;  to  remain  ;  to  per- 
sist ;  to  be  steady  or  firm  ; 
to  endure.  —  n.  Stop  ;  halt ; 
station ;  small  table. 

Stand'ard,  n.  An  ensign  ;  a 
banner;  test. — a.  Having 
a  fixed  or  permanent  value. 

Stand'ing,  n.  Continuance  ;  i 
rank  ;  reputation. 

Stand'ish  (17),  n.  A  case  for 
holding  pens  and  ink. 

Stan'za  (18),  n.  Lines  com- 
bined together  in  poetry. 

Sta'ple,  n.  A  loop  of  iron  ; 
mart  for  goods  ;  the  pile  or 
thread  of  wool,  cotton,  &c. ; 
principal  production.  —  a. 
Chief;  principal. 

Star,  n.  A  luminous  body  in 
the  heavens ;  the  mark  *, 
used  in  printing.  —  v.  t.  To 
set  or  adorn  with  stars. 

Star'board,  n.  Right-hand 
side  of  a  ship  or  boat  to  one 
looking  forward. 

Starch,  n.  A  granular  sub- 
stance used  for  stiffening 
cloth.  —  a.  Stiff ;  precise.  — 
v.  t.   To  stiffen  with  starch. 

Starch'y,  a.    Stiff;  precise. 

Stare,  v.  i.  To  look  with  fixed 
eyes  wide  open. — n.  An 
eager,  fixed  look. 

Star'-fish,  n.  A  marine  ani- 
mal in  the  form  of  a  five- 
rayed  star. 

Stark, a.  Stiff ;  strong ;  mere ; 
downright.  —  adv.  Wholly; 
entirely. 


Star'less,  a.  Having  no  stars 
visible. 

Star'light  (-lit),  n.  Light 
from  the  stars,    [pean  bird. 

Star'ling,  n.    A  small  Euro- 

Star'ry,  a.  Relating  to,  or 
adorned  with,  stars  ;  stellar. 

Start,  V.  To  move  suddenly ; 
to  commence ;  to  alarm  ;  to 
arouse. — n.  Sudden  mo- 
tion ;  act  of  commencing. 

Start'le,  v.  t.  To  alarm  sud- 
denly.—  v.  i.  To  shrink; 
to  move  suddenly,    [prising. 

Start'ling,  a.    Suddenly  sur- 

Starve,f.  To  kill  or  to  perish 
with  hunger  or  with  cold. 

Starve'ling,  to.  One  who,  or 
that  which,  is  lean.  —  a. 
Pining  with  want. 

State,  n.  Condition  ;  pomp  ; 
a  community  of  a  particular 
character  ;  a  body  politic ; 
civil  power.  —  v.  t.  To  ex- 
press in  words. 

Sta'ted,  a.  Settled  ;  regular  ; 
established  ;  fixed. 

Sta'ted-ly,  adv.  At  appointed 
or  regular  times. 

State'li-ness,  n.    Grandeur. 

State'ly,  a.  August;  majes- 
tic ;  dignified ;  grand. 

State'ment,  n.  Account  of 
particulars ;  a  recital. 

State'-rdbm,  n.  An  apart- 
ment for  lodging  in  a  vessel. 

States'man  (21),  n.  One  who 
is  skilled  in  the  art  of  gov- 
ernment. 

States'man-ship,?i.  Qualifi- 
cations or  employments  of  a 
statesman. 

Stat'i€,       )  a.   Pertaining  to 

Stat'i-e-al,  )      bodies  at  rest. 

Stat'i-es,  n.  sing.  Science 
which  treats  of  bodies  at 
rest,  or  in  equilibrium. 

Sta'tion,  n.  A  fixed  place; 
situation  •.  position  ;  post  as- 
signed ;  office ;  rank  ;  a  rail- 
road stopping-place.  —  v.  t. 
To  fix  in  a  certain  place  ;  to 
place ;  to  set. 

Sta'tion-a-ry,  a.  Fixed  in  a 
place;  stable;  settled. 

Sta'tion-er,  n.  One  who  sells 
paper,  pens,  ink,  &c. 

Sta'tion-er-y,    «.       Articles 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  tob,  tdbk;  urn,  rue,  pull;  c,  g,  soft;  e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist;  n  as  ng;  mis. 


STATISTIC 


254 


STICKINESS 


Bold  by  a  stationer,  as  pa-  |  Steam'boat, )  n.  A.vessel  pro- 


per, pens,  ink,  &c 

Sta-tlst'i€,       I  a.  Pertaining 

Sta-tist'ie-al,  J    to  statistics. 

Sta-tist'i-es,  n.  sing.  &  pi.  A 
collection  of  facts,  or  the 
science  of  collecting  facts, 
respecting  the  civil  condi- 
tion of  a  people. 

Stat'u-a-ry,n.  Art  of  carving 
statues ;  a  sculptor. 

Stat'ue,  n.  An  image  carved 
from  some  solid  substance. 

Stat'ure,  n.  The  natural 
height  of  an  animal. 

Stat'u-ta-ble,  a.  Made  by,  or 
conformable  to,  statute. 

Stat'ute,  n.  A  law  enacted  by 
a  legislature.        [by  statute. 

Stat'u-to-ry,  a.     Established 

Staunch ,  a .  &  v .     See  Stanch  . 

Stave,  n.  A  thin,  narrow 
piece  of  wood  for  casks.  — 
v.  I.  [imp.  &  p.  p.  STOVE, 
or  staved.]  To  break  or 
burst ;  to  push  or  drive ;  to 
delay  forcibly. 

Stay,  t\  i.  [imp.  staid  or 
stayed,  14.]  To  continue 
in  a  place ;  to  wait ;  to  tar- 
ry.—  v.  t.  To  support;  to 
prop  up.  — n.  Continuances 
a  prop ;  any  support ;  ( pl.\ 
a  bodice  ;  a  corset. 

Stead,  n.  Place  ;  room ;  turn. 

Stead'fast,  a.  Firm  ;  con- 
stant ;  resolute. 

Stead'fast-ness,n.  Firmness 
of  mind  or  conduct. 

Stead'i-ly,  adv.  With  firm- 
ness or  constancy. 

Stead'i-ness,  n.  Constancy. 

Stead'y,  a.  Firm  ;  constant ; 
uniform.  —  v.  t.  To  hold  or 
keep  firm  ;  to  support. 

Steak,  n.  A  slice  of  meat, 
broiled  or  cut  for  broiling. 

Steal,  v  [imp.  stole  ;  p.  p. 
stole, stolen.]  To  take 
goods  privately  and  unlaw- 
fully ;  to  pilfer;  to  purloin. 

Stealth,  n.  Act  of  stealing; 
secret  act.  [secret;  sly. 

Stealth'y ,  a.  Done  by  steal  th  ; 

Steam,  n.  The  vapor  of  boil- 
ing water ;  any  exhalation. 
—  v.  i.  To  rise  in  vapor.  — 
v.  t.    To  expose  to  steam. 


Steam'er,  )  pelled  through 
the  water  by  steam. 

Steam'-en'gme,  n.  An  en- 
gine worked  by  steam. 

Ste'a-tite,  n.    Soapstone. 

Steed,  n.    A  spirited  horse. 

Steel,  n.  Iron  combined  with 
a  small  portion  of  carbon. — 
v.  t.  To  overlay,  point,  or 
edge  with  steel ;  to  harden. 

Steel'yard,  n.  A  kind  of 
balance  for  weighing. 

Steep,  a.  Greatly  inclined; 
precipitous.  —  n.  A  pre- 
cipitous place.  —  v.  t.  To 
soak  in  a  liquid. 

Stee'ple.w.  Spire  of  a  church. 

Steep'riess,  n.  State  of  being 
steep ;  precipitous  declivity. 

Steer,  n.  A  young  ox.  — v.  t. 
or  i.    To  direct ;  to  guide. 

Steer'age,  n.  Act  of  steer- 
ing ;  an  apartment  in  the 
forepart  of  a  ship  between 
decks.  [steers  a  ship. 

Steers/man  (21 ),  n.  One  who 

Stel'lar,  a.  Relating  to  stars. 

Stel'late,  a.  Like  a  star ;  ra- 
diated. 

Stem,  n.  Main  body  of  a  tree 
or  plant ;  stock  of  a  family  ; 
prow  of  a  ship.  —  v.  t.  To 
.     oppose,  as  a  current. 

\Stench,  n.     Offensive  smell. 

Sten'gil,  n.  An  open-work 
pattern  over  which  colors 
are  passed  by  a  brush. 

Sten'o-graph'i^a.  Express- 
ing in  short-hand. 

Ste-n6g'ra-pher,n.  One  who 
writes  in  short-hand. 

Ste-n6g'ra-phy,  n.  The  art 
of  writing  in  short-hand. 

Sten-to'ri-an,  a.    Very  loud. 

StSp,  V.  i.  To  move  with  the 
feet.  —  v.  I.  To  set;  to  fix; 
to  erect  a  mast.  —  n.  A 
pace  ;  gait ;  degree. 

StSp'-chlld,  n.  A  child  by 
marriage  only.      [marriage. 

St6p'-fa/th.er,  n.  A  father  by 

Steppe  (18),  «.  A  vast  uncul- 
tivated plain  in  Asia  and 
eastern  Europe. 

StSp'ping-stone,  n.  A  stone 
to  raise  the  foot  above  mud 
or  water,  in  walking. 


Step'-son,  n.  A  son  by  mar- 
riage. 

Ste're-o-scope,  n.  An  optical 
instrument  to  give  to  pict- 
ures the  appearance  of  solid 
forms,  as  seen  in  nature. 

Ste're-0-S€6p'i€,a.  Pertain- 
ing or  adapted  to  the  stereo- 
scope, or  seen  through  it. 

Ste're-o-type,  n.  A  plate  of 
type-metal  resembling  the 
surface  of  a  page  of  type. — 
v.  t.  To  make  stereotype 
plates  for. 

Ste're-o-typ'er,  n.  One  who 
makes  stereotypes.  [fill. 

Ster'ile,  a.  Barren  ;  unfruit- 

Ste-ril'i-ty,  n.  Quality  or 
state  of  being  barren  ;  un- 
fruitfulness. 

Ster'ling,  h.  Of  the  standard 
weight  ;  genuine. 

Stern,  n.  Hinder  part  of  a 
ship.  —  a.  Severe  in  look ; 
harsh  ;  rigid  ;  austere. 

Stern'-chasfi,  n.  A  gun  to 
fire  from  the  stern. 

Stern'ly,  adv.  Harshly  ;  se- 
verely ;  austerely. 

Stem'ness.  n.    Harshness. 

Ster'nu-ta'ticn,  n.  Act  of 
sneezing. 

Ster-nu'ta-to-ry,  n.  A  sub- 
stance which  provokes 
sneezing. 

Ster'to-rous,  a.  Breathing 
heavily  or  hoarsely  ;  snoring. 

Steth'o-s«6pe,  n.  An  in- 
strument to  distinguish 
sounds  in  the  human  chest. 

Ste've-dore,  n.  One  whose 
business  is  to  load  or  unload 
vessels  in  port. 

Stew  (stu),  v.  t.  or  ?'.  To 
seethe;  to  boil  slowly. — n. 
Meat  stewed ;  a  brothel ;  a 
state  of  worry  ;  confusion. 

Stew'ard,  n.  A  man  who 
manages  the  affairs  of  an- 
other, [a  steward. 

Stew'ard-ship,  n.    Office  of 

Stick  (5),  n.  A  piece  of  wood; 
a  staff.  — c.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
STUCK.]  To  stab  ;  to  pierce; 
to  fix ;  to  set ;  to  stop.  —  v.  i. 
To  adhere ;  to  stop. 
.  Stick'i-ness,  n.  Quality  of 
|      adhering;  adhesiveness. 


a, e, I,  o,  u,  y, long;  a,  6, 1,  o,  0,  y,  short;  care,  car, ask,  all,  what ;  Ore, veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm ; 


STICKLE 


255 


STOOP 


Stick'le,  v.  i.    To  contend. 

Stick'ler,  n.  One  who  stickles; 
an  obstinate  contender. 

Stick'y,  a.  Adhesive;  glu- 
tinous; tenacious. 

Stiff,  a.  Unbending;  rigid; 
intlexible;  stubborn. 

Stiff'e>  (stlf'n),t\*.  To  make 
stiff.      v.  i.    To  grow  stiff. 

Stif*"  idv.  Rigidly  ;  stub- 
bo.^  .y  ;  obstinately. 

Stiffness  (9),  n.  Want  of  pli- 
ability ;  formality. 

Stiff '-necked  (-nekt),  a. 
Stubborn  ;  obstinate. 

Ctl'fle  (sti't'l),  v.  t.  To  suf- 
focate ;  to  choke ;  to  sup- 
press. —  n.  Joint  of  a  horse. 

Sug'ma,  n.ljrt.  Stig'mas  or 
Stig'ma-ta,  25.)  Any  mark 
of  infamy;  a  brand;  in  bot- 
any, the  top  of  the  pistil. 

Stig'ma-tize,  v.  t.  To  mark 
with  infamy. 

Sti-let'to,  n.  (Pl.  Sti-let'tog, 
18.)    A  smalL  dagger. 

Still,  v.  t.  To  silence;  to 
calm  ;  to  quiet.  —  a.  Silent ; 
calm  ;  quiet ;  motionless. — 
adv.  To  this  time  ;  never- 
theless ;  notwithstanding. — 
n.   A  vessel  for  distillation. 

Still '-born,  a.    Born  lifeless. 

Still'ness,  n.  Calmness  ; 
quiet ;  silence. 

Stil'ly,aWr.  Calmly ;  quietly. 

Stilt,  n .  A  contrivance  to  raise 
the  foot  above  the  ground 
in  walking. 

Stim'u-lant,  a.  Tending  to 
excite  action.  — n.  A  stim- 
ulating medicine. 

Stim'u-late,  v.  t.  To  excite  ; 
to  rouse ;  to  animate. 

StinVu-la/tion,  n.  Act  of 
stimulating  or  exciting. 

Stim'u-la/tive,  a.  Tending 
to  excite  ;  stimulating. 

Stim'u-lus,  n.  Something 
that  rouses  either  to  mental 
action  or  to  vital  energy. 

Stln^,  v.  t.  {imp.  &  p  p. 
stung.]  To  pierce  or  pain 
acutely.  —  n.  A  sharp- 
pointed  weapon  with  which 
some  animals  are  armed  ; 
act  of  stinging  ;  any  thing 
that  gives  acute  pain. 


Stm'gi-ly,  adv.  With  mean 
covetousness. 

Stin'gi-ness,n.  Mean  covet- 
ousness; extreme  avarice. 

Stln'gy,a.   Meanly  covetous. 

Stink,  n.  An  offensive  smell. 
—  v.  i.  To  emit  an  offensive 
smell. 

Stmt,  n.  A  limit ;  restraint ; 
task. — v.  I.  To  limit;  to 
confine;  to  restrain. 

Sti'pend,  n.  Settled  pay  ; 
wages;  salary. 

Sti-pend'i-a-ry,  a.  Receiving 
a  stipend.  —  n.  One  who 
receives  a  stipend. 

Stfp'ple,  v.  t.  To  engrave  by 
means  of  dots. 

Stlp'u-late,  v.  i.  To  covenant ; 
to  bargain  ;  to  contract. 

Stlp'u-la'tion,  n.  An  agree- 
ment ;  condition  ;  covenant. 

Stir,  v.  To  move;  to  incite; 
to  agitate  ;  to  prompt.  —  n. 
Agitation  ;  bustle. 

Stir'rup  (stuVrup  or  st!r'- 
rup),  n.  A  kind  of  ring  for 
a  horseman's  foot 

Stitch,  v.  t.  To  take  stitches 
in  ;  to  join.  —  n.  A  single 
pass  of  a  needle  ;  a  turn  of 
thread  in  sewing  or  knitting. 

Stive,  v.  t.  To  make  sultry 
and  close. 

Sti'ver,  n.  A  copper  coin 
worth  about  two  cents. 

Stoat,  n.  The  ermine; — so 
called  in  summer. 

St6ck,  n.  Body  of  a  plant  ; 
stem  ;  progenitor  of  a  fami- 
ly ;  race  ;  lineage ;  a  handle  ; 
a  post  ;  a  cravat ;  a  fund  ; 
a  store;  cattle.  —  v.  t.  To 
furnish  or  store. 

Stock-ade',  n.  A  line  of 
stakes  for  a  barrier.  —  v.  t. 
To  fortify  with  stakes. 

Stock'-bro'ker,  n.  One  who 
deals  in  stocks. 

St6ck'-fish,  n.  Cod  dried  in 
the  sun,  and  not  salted. 

St6ck'hold-er,  n .  A  propri- 
etor of  public  funds,  or  of 
funds  in  a  bank,  &c. 

Stfick'ing,  n.  A  covering  for 
the  foot  and  leg. 

StSck'-jSb'ber,  n.  One  who 
speculates  in  stocks. 


Stocks. 


Stocks,  n.  pl. 
Public  funds; 
a  frame  to 
confine  the 
legs  of  crimi- 
nals. 

Stock'-still.a. 
.Motionless. 

StSck'y,  n.   Thick  and  stout. 

Sto'i-e  (5),  n.  One  who  affects 
insensibility  to  pleasure  and 
pain  ;  an  apathetic  person. 

Sto'i-e,       I  a.    Unfeeling  ,  in- 

Sto'i-e-al,  f  different  to  pleas- 
ure or  pain. 

Sto'i-Qlsm,  n.  Ir.dil'erence 
to  pleasure  and  pain. 

Stole,  n.  A  long,  loo.'e  vest- 
ment.—  v.,  imp.  of  Sttal. 

Stolen  (stoln). p.  p  of  Steal. 

Stol'id,a.  Hopelessly  dull ; 
stupid;  foolish. 

Sto-lid'i-ty,  n.  Dullness  of 
intellect;  stupidity. 

Stom'aeh  (stum'ak),n.  The 
principal  organ  of  digestion  ; 
appetite  ;  inclination  — v.  t. 
To  brock  or  endure. 

Stom'a-cher  (  (her),  n.  An 
ornament  or  support  for  the 
breast,  worn  b}  won.cn. 

Sto-maeh'i-c,  a.  Strengthen- 
ing the  stomach.  —  n  A 
medicine  to  strengthen  the 
stomach. 

Stone,  n.  A  mass  of  mineral 
matter ;  a  concretion  in  the 
kidneys  ;  a  weight  of  14 
pounds  ;  r.ut  of  certain 
kinds  of  fruit.  —  v.  t.  To 
pelt  cr  kill  with  stones ;  to 
free  from  stones. 

Stcne'-eut'ter,  n.  One  who 
cuts  or  hews  stones. 

Stone'-fruit,  n.  Fruit  that 
contains'  a  stone ;  a  drupe. 

Stone'-still,  a.  Motionless 
as  a  stone. 

Ston'i-ness  (13),  n.  Quality 
or  state  of  being  stony  ; 
abundance  of  stones. 

Stcn'y,  a.  Made  of  stones; 
full  of  stones;  resembling 
stone ;  hard. 

Stood,  imp.  of  Stand. 

Stool,  n.  A  seat  without  a 
back,  for  one  person. 

Stoop,  f.  >'.  To  bend  forward ; 


s6n,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ,  e^ist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


STOP 

to  condescend ;  to  yield.  — 
n.     Act  of  stooping. 

Stdp  (7),  v.  t.  To  check  the 
moiion  of;  to  hinder;  to 
close,  as  an  aperture  ;  to  ob- 
struct ;  to  suppress.  —  v.  i 
To  cease  to  go  forward.  —  n. 
Cessation  of  motion  ;  pause ; 
a  point  in  writing. 

Stop'-edck,  n.  A  contriv- 
ance for  letting  out  or  stop- 
ping a  fluid. 

Stop'page,  n  Act  of  stop- 
ping ;  state  of  being  stopped. 

Stop'per,  1  n.    That  which  is 

Stop'ple,  J  used  to  close  a 
hole  in  a  bottle  or  other 
vessel. 

Stor'age  (11),  n.  Price  of 
storing. 

Store,  n.  A  large  quantity  ; 
a  warehouse  —  v.  t.  To 
furnish  ;  to  put  away  for 
preservation. 

Store'-house,  n.  A  ware- 
house ;  a  magazine. 

Sto'ried,  a  Related  in  story  ; 
having  a  history. 

Stork,  n.  A  large  wading  bird. 

Storm,  n  A  violent  disturb- 
ance of  the  atmosphere  ;  a 
tempest ;  commotion ;  as- 
sault. —  v.  t.  To  attack  by 
open  force ;  to  assault. 

Storm'y,  a  Agitated  with 
furious  winds  ;  boisterous  ; 
tempestuous 

Stpup,  n  A  basin  for  holy 
water  at  the  entrance  of  a 
Catholic  church 

Std'ry  (19),  n.  History ,  a 
narrative;  a  tale;  floor  or 
stage  of  a  building 

Stout,  a.  Strong  ;  brave  ; 
large;  fleshy.  [ily. 

Stout'ly,  adv.  Strongly  ;  lust- 

Stout'ness,  n.  Quality  of 
being  stout;  boldness. 

Stove,  n.  An  apparatus  for 
warming  a  room  or  house. 
—  ?•.,  imp.  of  Stave. 

St5w,  v.  t.  To  lay  up  ;  to  fill, 
by  packing  closelv. 

Stow'age,  n.  Actof  stowing  ; 
room. 

Stra-bis'mus,™.  Act  or  habit 
of  looking  asquint. 

Strad'dle,  v.  i.  or  t.   To  walk, 


256 


\tf- 


STRICKEN 


sit,  or  stand,  with  the  legs 
wide  apart. 

Strag'gle,  v.  i.  To  wander 
aside  ;  to  rove.  [gles. 

Strag'gler ,  n.  One  who  strag- 

Straight  (strat),  a.  Not 
crooked  ;  direct ;  upright.  — 
adv.     Directly. 

Straight'en  (strain),  v.  t.  To 
make  straight. 

Straight'for-ward  (strat'-), 
a.  Proceeding  in  a  straight 
course  ;  upright. 

Straight'ly  (strat'-),  adv.  In 
a  direct  line. 

Straight'way  (strat'-),  adv. 
Immediately ;  without  delay. 

Strain,  v.  t.  To  stretch;  to 
sprain;  to  filter. — v.i.  To 
make  violent  efforts.  —  n.  A 
sprain  ;  force  ;  song. 

Strain'er,  n.  An  instrument 
fo_r  filtering  any  liquid. 

Strait,  a  Narrow ;  close ;  dif- 
ficult —  n.  A  narrow  pass  ; 
distress  ;   difficulty. 

Strait'en,  v.  t.  To  make  nar- 
row; to  distress 

Strait'-jack'et,  n.  An  appa- 
ratus to  confine  maniacs 

Strait'laged(-lfist),  a  Bound 
tightly  with  stays;  strict  in 
manners  or  morals. 

Strike,  ».  Range  of  planks 
from  stem  to  stern  of  a  vessel. 

Strand,  n.  Shore  or  beach  ; 
one  of  the  twists  or  parts  of 
which  a  rope  is  composed. — 
v.i  ort.  To  run  aground ;  to 
break  one  of  the  strands  of. 

Strange,  a.  Foreign;  un- 
known :  wonderful ;  odd. 

Strange 'ly  (10),  adv.  In  a 
strange  manner. 

Strange'ness,  n.  State  of 
being  strange;  singularity. 

Stran'ger,  n  A  foreigner; 
one  unknown  ;  a  guest. 

Stran'gle,  v.  t.  or  t',  To 
choke ;  to_suffocate. 

Stran'gu-la'tion.  n.  Act  of 
strangling ;  suffocation. 

Stran'gu-ry,  n.  Painful  dif- 
ficulty in  discharging  urine. 

Strap,  n.  A  long  strip  of 
leather  ;  thong. —  v.  t.  To 
beat  or  fasten  with  a  strap. 

Strap'ping,  a.   Large;  lusty. 


Stra'ta,  n.  pi.     Beds;  layers. 
Strat'a-gem,  n.     An  artiiice, 

particularly  in  war;  a  t  ick. 
Strat'e-gist,  n.      One  skilled 

in  military  movements. 
Strat'e-gy,  n.     That  branch 

of   military    science    which 

consists  in  conducting  great 

military  movements. 
Strat'i-fi-ea'tion,   n.        Ar- 
rangement in  strata. 
Strat'i-fy,  v  t     To  form  into 

strata  or  layers. 
Stra'tum,    n.    (pi.    Stra'ta, 

25.)     A  layer,  as  of  earth. 
Straw,  n.    A  stalk  or  stem  of 

grain  ;  mass  of  stalks. 
Straw'ber-ry,  n.      A  plant 

and  its  fruit. 
Stray,  v.  i.    To  wander ;   to 

rove ;  to  ramble. — n.  A  beast 

that  wanders  at  large. 
Streak,  n.     A  line  of  color;  a 

stripe  —v.t.     To  stripe. 
Streak'ed  (streekt  or  streek'- 

ed),  p.  p.  or  a.     Striped. 
Streak'y,  a.   Having  streaks. 
Stream,  n.  A  current  of  water 

or  other  fluid.  — v.  To  flow; 

to  issue  in  a  current. 
Stream'er,  n.  A  flag;  ensign. 
Stream'let,    n.       A     small 

stream  ;  rivulet. 
Street,  n     A  way  or  road  in 

a  city  or  town. 
Strength,  n.  Quality  of  being 

strong  ;  power  '  force  ;  vigor. 
Strengthen,  v.  t.  or  i.    To 

make  or  grow  strong. 
Stren'u-ous,    a  Eagerly 

pressing  or  urgent ;  active. 
Stren'u-ous-ly,  adv.     AVith 

eager  zeal.  [portance. 

Stress  (2),  n.     Pressure  ;  im- 
Stretch,  v.  t.    To  extend  ;  to 

draw  out;    to  strain.  —  n. 

Extension  ;  reach  ;  effort. 
Stretch/er,    n.        One    that 

stretches  ;    a  piece  of  tim- 
ber ;  a  litter. 
Strew  (stnj  or  strd),  v.  t.    To 

scatter ;  to  cover  by  scatter- 
ing 
Strl'a-ted,    a.         Streaked  ; 

channeled. 
Strick'en  (strik'n),  p.  p.  & 
p.   a.        Struck;    smitten; 
advanced ;  worn  out. 


i  long ;  a,  e,  T,  o,  Q,  y,  short ;  care,  ciir,  ask,  all,  what ;  Cre,  Tgil,  term ;  pique,  firm  ; 


STRICT 

Stri-et,  a.  Exact ;  severe  ; 
close ;  rigid  ;  rigorous. 

Stri-et'ly,  adv.     Rigorously. 

Stri-et'ness,  n.  Severity ; 
rigor ;  closeness. 

Stri-et'ure,  n.  Censure  ;  a 
morbifr  contraction  of  any 
passaf    of  the  body. 

Stric1"  A  long  step.  —  v. 

i.  >valk  with  long  steps. 

Strife,  n.  Contention  ;  strug- 
gle ;  rivalship. 

Strike,  v.  t.    [imp.  struck  ; 

p.  p.  STRUCK,  STRICKEN.] 
To  give  a  blow  to  ;  to  hit ; 
to  beat ;  to  impress  ;  to  low- 
er ;  to  surrender.  — v.  i.  To 
make  a  quick  blow  ;  to  quit 
work  so  as  to  compel  an  in- 
crease of  wages. 

Strik'ing,  a.  Impressive ; 
surprising;  forcible. 

String,  n.  A  slender  cord;  a 
series  ;  things  filed.  —  v.  t. 
[imp.  &  p.  p.  STRUNG.]  To 
furnish  with  strings. 

Stringed,  a.    Having  strings. 

Strin'gent,  a.  Binding  close- 
ly ;  urgent ;  making  severe 
requirements. 

Strmg'y,  a.  Fibrous ;  fila- 
mentous; ropy;  viscous. 

Strip,  v.  t.  To  make  naked; 
to  deprive  of  a  covering ;  to 
peel. — n.  A  narrow  piece, 
comparatively  long. 

Stripe,  n.  A  lino  of  a  differ- 
ent color  ;  a  lash.  —  v.t.  To 
form  with  stripes. 

Stopped,  a.  Having  stripes 
of  different  colors.  [lad. 

Stripping,  n.     A  youth  ;   a 

Strive,  v.  i.  [imp.  strove  ; 
p.  p.  striven.  To  make 
efforts  ;  to  struggle  in  oppo- 
sition ;  to  vie. 

Stroke,  n.  A  blow ;  a  knock  ; 
a  dash  ;  a  touch  ;  masterly 
effort.  — v.  t.  To  rub  gently. 

Stroll,  v.  i.  To  wander  on 
foot ;  to  rove  ;  to  ramble. — 
n.     A  ramble  ;  excursion. 

Stroll'er  (9),  n.  One  who 
strolls ;  a  rover  ;  a  vagrant. 

StrSng,  a.  Having  great  pow- 
er. —  Syn.  Vigorous  ;  pow- 
erful ;  robust ;  cogent. 

StrSng'ly,  adv.    Powerfully. 


257 

StrSng'hold,  ft..   A  fortress. 
Str6p,  n.     An  instrument  for 

sharpening  razors  on. 
Stro'phe,  n.     The  former  of 

two  stanzas,  in  ancient  lyric 

poetry. 
Strove,  imp_.  of  Strive. 
Strow    (stro),   v.    t.      [imp. 

STRO WE D  ;p.  p.  STROWE D 

or  STROWN.J    See  Strew. 

Struck,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of 
Strike.  [to  structure. 

Stru-et'ur-al,   a.     Pertaining 

Stru-et'ure,  n.  Form ;  con- 
struction ;  frame  ;  an  edifice. 

Strug'gle,?'.  i.  To  strive;  to 
labor  hard ;  to  endeavor.  — 
n.  Vigorous  effort ;  great 
labor ;  agony. 

Stru'mous,  a.  Having  swell- 
ings in  the  glands. 

Strum'pet,  n.     A  prostitute. 

Strung,  imp  kp.p.of  String. 

Strut,  n.  An  affected  walk. — 
v.  i.  To  walk  with  an  affec- 
tation of  dignity. 

Stry-eh'nine,  n.  A  very  pois- 
onous narcotic.  [tree. 

Stub,  n.     Stump  of  a  small 

Stub'bed,  a.  Short  and  thick. 

Stub'ble,  n.  Stumps  of  rye, 
wheat,  oats,  &c. 

Stub'born,  a.  Inflexible  in 
opinion ;  unreasonably  ob- 
stinate ;  obdurate. 

Stub 'by,  a.    Short  and  thick. 

Stu-e'-eo,  n.  A  kind  of  fine 
plaster. — v.t.  To  overlay 
with  stucco. 

Stuck,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Stick. 

Stud,  n.  A  small  timber  for  a 
support;  a  set  of  breeding 
horses  and  mares  ;  a  stal- 
lion; a  kind  of  button;  a  nail. 
—  v.  t.     To  set  with  studs. 

Stu'dent,  n.  One  who  studies. 

Stud'ied,  a.     Premeditated. 

Stu'di-o,w.  (pi.  Stu'di-6s,  18.) 
Work -shop  of  a  sculptor. 

Stu'di-ous,«.  Given  to  study. 

Stu'di-ous-ly,  adv.  With  j 
close  application ;  carefully. 

Stud'y,    n.      Application  to  ! 
books,  or  to  any  subject ;  j 
object  of  attentive  considera-  j 
tion  ;  a  room  for  study. — v. 
(13)    To  apply  the  mind  to 
books  or  learning. 


STYLE 

Stuff  (1),  n.  Material ;  cloth  ; 
furniture ;  worthless  mat- 
ter; nonsense.  —  v.  t.  To  fill 
to  excess,  or  by  crowding; 
To  crowd  ;  to  cram. 

Stuffing,  n.  That  which  is 
used  for  filling.  [fool  of. 

Stul'ti-fy,  v.  t.     To  make  a 

Stum'ble,  v.  i.  To  trip  in 
walking. — n.  A  trip;  a 
blunder. 

Stum'bling-bl6ck,  n.  That 
which  causes  one  to  stumble. 

Stump,  n.  Part  of  a  tree  left 
after  the  trunk  is  cut  down. 

Stump'y,  a.  Full  of  stumps; 
short  and  thick. 

Stun ,  v .  t .  To  make  senseless  ; 
to  overpower  the  hearing  of. 

Stung,  imp.  &  p.p.  of  Sting. 

Stunk,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Stink. 

Stunt,  v.t.  To  hinder  the 
growth  of. 

Stu'pe-fa-e'tion,  n.  Insensi- 
bility ;  torpor ;  stupidity. 

Stu'pe-fy,  v.  t.  To  deprive  of 
sensibility ;  to  make  stupid. 

Stu-pen'dous,  a.  Amazingly 
great;  wonderful. 

Stu'pid,  a.  Wanting  under- 
standing or  sensibility ;  very 
dull;  sluggish. 

Stu-pid'i-ty,  n.  Extreme 
dullness  of  perception  or 
understanding. 

Stu'pid-ly,  adv.  With  ex- 
treme dullness. 

Stu'por,  n.  Suppression  of 
sense ;  numbness ;  intellect- 
ual or  moral  insensibility. 

Stur'di-ly,  adv.  In  a  sturdy 
manner ;  stoutly ;  hardily. 

Stur'dy,  a.  Stout ;  hardy  ; 
strong;  robust.  [size. 

Stur'geon,  n.    A  fish  of  large 

Stut'ter  (8),  v.  i.  To  hesitate 
in  speaking;  to  stammer. — 
n.     Act  of  stuttering. 

Stut'ter-er,  n.  A  stammerer. 

Sty,  n.  A  pen  for  swine ;  in- 
flamed tumor  on  the  eyelid. 

Styg'i-an  (stTj'i-an),  a.  "Hell- 
ish ;  infernal ;  dark  ;  black. 

Sty'lar,  a.  Belonging  to  the 
style  of  a  dial. 

Style,  n.  Manner  of  writing  ; 
title  ;  pin  of  a  dial ;  an  en- 
graver's   tool  ;     part    of  a 


86n,  8r,  do,  wolf,  ttfb,  tdbk ;  firn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  e,  g,  hard ;  as  ;  ex_ist ;  Q  as  ng  ;  this. 
17 


STYLISH 


258 


SUBSTITUTION 


pistil.  — v.  t.  To  call ;  to 
name ;  to  denominate. 

Styl'ish  (11),  a.  1'ashionable 
in  form  or  manner ;  showy. 

Styp'ti-e,  a.  Serving  to  stop 
hemorrhage  or  bleeding. 

Sua'gion  (swii'zhun),  n.  Act 
of  persuading ;  persuasion. 

Sua'sive,    I  a.      Tending    to 

Sua'so-ry,  J      persuade. 

Suav'i-ty,  n.  Sweetness ; 
pleasantness ;  agreeableness. 

Sub-ac/id,  a.  Moderately  acid. 

Sub-al'tem,  a.  Inferior  ; 
subordinate. — n.  An  infe- 
rior officer. 

Sub-a/que-ous,  a.  Being  un- 
der the  surface  of  water. 

Sub'di-vlde',  v.  t.  To  divide 
again,  or  what  has  already 
been  divided. 

Sub'di-vi'gion  (-vizh'un),  n. 
A  part  of  a  division. 

Sub-du€t',  v.  t.  To  with- 
draw ;  to  subtract. 

Sub-due'  (15),  v.  t.  To  con- 
quer ;  to  overcome  ;  to  van- 
quish ;  to  overpower. 

Sub-ja'Qent,  a.  Lying  under. 

Sub'je-et,  a.  Being  under  au- 
thority ;  liable  ;  exposed.  — 
n  One  who  lives  under  the 
power  of  another  ;  a  matter 
in  discussion ;  theme ;  topic. 

Sub-je-et',  v.  t.  To  bring  or 
put  under ;  to  subdue. 

Sub-je€'tion,  n.  A  being  un- 
der control. 

Sub-je-et'ive,  a.  Relating  to 
the  subject ;  pertaining  to 
one's  own  consciousness. 

Sub-join',  r.  t.  To  add  at  the 
end ;  to  append. 

Siib'ju-gate,  v.  t.  To  reduce 
to  slavery ;  to  subdue. 

Siib'ju-ga'tion,  n.  Act  of 
subduing  ;  subjection. 

Sub-jun-e'tion,  n.  The  act  of 
subjoining. 

Sub-jun-et'ive,  a.  Added  ; 
expressing  condition,  hy- 
pothesis, or  contingency. 

Sub-lSt',  v.  t.  To  lease,  as  a 
lessee,  to  another  person. 

Sub'li-mate,  )  v.  t.  To  evapo- 

Sub-Hme',  j  rate,  as  a 
solid  substance,  by  heat ;  to 
heighten :  to  elevate. 


Sub'li-mate,  n.  Product  of 
sublimation,     [sublimating. 

Sub'li-ma'tion,   n.     Act   of 

Sub-lime',  a.  Lofty  in  place 
or  style;  elevated;  grand; 
magnificent. — n.  A  lofty 
style ;  sublimity. 

Sub-hme'ly  (10),  adv.  In  a 
sublime  or  lofty  manner. 

Sub-Hm'i-ty,  n.  State  of  being 
sublime ;  loftiness  of  style. 

Sub-lm'gual  (-llng'gwal),  a. 
Situated  under  the  tongue. 

Sub'lu-na-ry,  a.  Earthly  ; 
terrestrial ;  mundane. 

Sub'ma-rine'  (-reen/),  a. 
Being  under  the  sea. 

Sub-merge'.  )  v.   t.    To  put 

Sub-merse',  )     under  water. 

Sub-mer'sion,  n.  Act  of 
plunging  under  water. 

Sub-mis'sion  (-mish'un),  n. 
Act  of  yielding  to  power  or 
authority  ;  resignation. 

Sub-mis'sive,  a.  Inclined  or 
ready  to  submit. 

Sub-mis'sive-ly,  adv.  With 
submission ;  humbly. 

Sub-mis'sive-ness,  n.  Hum- 
bleness ;  obedience. 

Sub-mit'  (7),  v.  To  yield  to 
the  power,  will,  or  opinion 
of  another ;  to  surrender  ;  to 
acquiesce ;  to  comply. 

Sub-miil'ti-ple,  n.  A  num- 
ber contained  in  another  an 
exact  number  of  times. 

Sub-6r'di-nate,  a.  Inferior 
in  order  or  rank;  subject. 
—  n.     An  inferior. 

Sub-or'di-nate,  v.  t.  To  make 
subordinate  or  inferior. 

Sub-or'di-na'tion,  n.  Act  of 
subordinating;  subjection. 

Sub-orn',  v.  t.  To  procure  to 
take  a  false  oath. 

Sub'or-na'tion,  n.  Act  or 
crime  of  suborning. 

Sub-poe'na,  n.  A  writ  com- 
manding the  attendance  of 
a  witness.  —  v.  t.  To  sum- 
mon by  subpoena. 

Sub-s-eribe',  v.  t.  To  write 
underneath;  to  sign;  to  at- 
test. 

Sub-S€rib'er,  n.  One  who 
subscribes. 

Sub-s-erfp'tion,  n.   The  sign- 


ing of  a  name  ;  amount  sub- 
scribed ;  attestation. 

Sub'se-quenge,  n.  State  of 
being  subsequent. 

Sub'se-quent,  a.  Following 
in  time  or  order  of  place. 

Sub'se-quent- ly, adv.  Later; 
afterward. 

Sub-serve',  v.  t.  To  serve  in 
subordination ;  to  promote- 

Sub-serv'i-enge,    )  n.       Use 

Sub-serv'i-en-gy, )  or  opera- 
tion that  promotes  some 
purpose. 

Sub-serv'i-ent,  a.  Fitted  to 
subserve ;  subordinate. 

Sub-side',  v.  ?'.  To  HLk  or 
fall  to  the  bottom. 

Sub-sid'enge,  ».  Act  of  sub- 
siding, or  sinking. 

Sub-sid'i-a-ry,  a.  Serving  to 
help  ;  auxiliary. 

Siib'si-dlze  (31),  v.  t.  To  pay 
a  subsidy  to. 

Siib'si-dy,  n.    Aid  in  money. 

Sub-sist',  v.  i.  To  have  ex- 
istence ;  to  be  supported.  — 
v.  t.    To  maintain. 

Sub-sist'enc,e,»!.  Bcal  being; 
means  of  support;  provis- 
ions, or  means  of  procuring 
them.  [inhering. 

Sub-sist'ent,    a.     Existing ; 

Sub'soil,  n.  Soil  under  the 
surface  soil. 

Sub'stange,  n.  Substratum ; 
essential  part ;  nature ;  body; 
matter  ;  estate  ;  property. 

Sub-stan'tial,  a.  Real;  solid. 

Sub-stan'tial-ly,  adv.  Real- 
ly ;  truly ;  essentially. 

ub-stan'tial§,  n.  pi.  Essen- 
tial parts. 

Sub-stan'ti-ate  (-staVshi-), 
v.  t.     To  prove  ;  to  verify. 

Sub'stan-tive.n.  A  noun. — 
a.     Expressing  existence. 

Sub'stan-tive-ly,  adv.  In 
substance  ;  essentially  ;  asa 
substantive  or  noun. 

Sub'sti-tute,  n.  One  person 
or  thing  put  in  place  of  an- 
other. —  v.  t.  To  put  in  the 
place  of  another.  —  Syn.  To 
exchange ;  interchange. 

Sub'sti-tii'tion,  n.  Act  of 
substituting;  thing  substi- 
tuted. 


a,e,I,6,u,y,/ong-;  5,  Z,l,o,\x,f, short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  wh^t;  Ore,  veil,  tCrm  ;  pique,  firm; 


SUBSTRATUM 

Sub-stra'tum,  n.  (pi.  Sub- 
stra'ta).  A  stratum  under 
something ;  substance. 

Sub-stru-e'tion,  n.  An  under- 
building ;  foundation. 

Sub-te*  d',  v.  t.  To  extend 
undf'     r  be  opposite  to. 

Sul  e',  n      The   chord 

wWL  i  subtends  an  arc. 

Sub'ter-fuge,  n.  An  evasion. 

Sub'ter-ra'ne-an,    i  a.  Being 

gub'ter-ra'ne-ous,  J  under 
the  surface  of  the  earth. 

Sub'tile,  a.   Fine ;  thin ;  rare. 

Sub'til-ty,  n.  Quality  of 
being  subtile  ;  refinement. 

Sub'til-i-za'tion,  n.  Act  of 
making  subtile;  refinement. 

Sub'til-fze,  v.  t.  To  make 
thin  or  fine  ;  to  refine. 

Subt'le  (sut'l),  a.  Sly  ;  artful. 

Sub'tle-ty  (ant'l-),  n  Cun- 
ning ;  craftiness  ;  shrewd- 
ness, [fullv. 

Subt'ly   (sltfly),   adv.    Art- 

Sub-tra€t',  y.  t.  To  with- 
draw from  the  rest ;  to  de- 
duct. 

Sub-trae'tion,  a.  The  takiDg 
of  a  lesser  sum  from  a  great- 
er ;  deduction;  withdrawal. 

Sub-tract'ive,  a.  Tending,  or 
having  power,  to  subtract. 

Sub'tra-hend',  n.  A  sum  to 
be  subtracted  from  another. 

Sub-urb'an,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  being  in,  the  suburbs. 

Sub'urbs,  n.  pi.  Region  on 
the  confines  of  a  city. 

Sub-ver'sion,  n.  Total  over- 
throw ;  ruin. 

Sub-ver'sive,  a.  Tending  to 
ruin. 

Sub-vert',  v.  t.  To  over- 
throw ;  to  destroy  ;  to  ruin. 

Suc-geed'.  r.  i.  or  t.  To  fol- 
low in  order ;  to  come  after ; 
to  be  prosperous.  [sue. 

Suc-gess',  n.     Prosperous  is- 

Sue-QeSS'ful ,  a.    Prosperous. 

Su€-gess'ful-ly,  adv.  Pros- 
perously ;  favorably. 

Sue-ges'sion  (-sesh'un),  n. 
Act  of  succeeding  ;  a  series 
of  persons  or  things  ;  order 
of  events;  lineage. 

Su-e-ges'sive,  «•  Following 
in  order. 


259 

Sue-ges'sive-ly,  adv.  In  reg- 
ular order. 

Su€-ges'sor,  n.  One  who  suc- 
ceeds another. 

Su-e-gin-et',a.  Compressed  in- 
to a  narrow  compass.  — 
Sy.\.  Short ;  concise  ;  brief. 

Su-e-gin-et'ly,  a(lv-   Briefly. 

Su-e'-eor  (8),  v.  t.  To  relieve 
in  distress  ;  to  aid.  — n.  As- 
sistance in  distress. 

Sixe'-eo-tash,     n.  Boiled 

maize  and  beans  mixed  to- 
gether. 

Sue'eu-lenge,  n.  Juiciness. 

Su«'€u-lent,  a.  Juicy. 

Su-c-eumb'  (-kiimV,  6),  v.  i. 
To  jield.;  to  submit ;  to  sink 
unresistingly. 

Such,  a.  Of  the  like  kind  ; 
like  ;  the  same  that  (with 
as). 

Suck,  v.  t.  To  draw  in  with 
the  mouth  ;  to  imbibe. 

Suck'er,  n.  One  who  sucks  ; 
a  shoot ;  a  fish. 

Siick'le  (siik'l),  v.  t.  To 
nurse  at  the  breast. 

Suck'ling,  «.  A  child  nursed 
at  the  breast. 

Sue'tion,  n.   Act  of  sucking. 

Sue-to'ri-al,  a.  Adapted  for, 
or  living  by,  sucking. 

Sud'den,  a.  Coming  without 
previous  notice  ;  abrupt  ; 
hasty  ;  rapid.        [pectedly. 

Sud'den-ly,    adv.         Unex- 

Su'dor-if'ie,    a.  Causing 

sweat ;  producing  perspira- 
tion. 

Suds,  n.  sing.  Water  impreg- 
nated with  soap.  Llaw. 

Sue,  v.  t.     To  prosecute   in 

Su'et,  n.  Hard  fat  about  the 
kidneys  and  loins. 

Suffer,  v.  t.  To  bear  with 
pain;  to  undergo;  to  per- 
mit.—  v.  i.  To  endure  pain. 

Suf  fer-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  suffered  or  endured. 

Suf'fer-ange,  n.  Pain  en- 
dured ;  permission  ;  endur- 
ance, [fers. 

Suf  fer-er,  n.     One  who  suf- 

Suffer-ing, «.  Pain  endured. 

Suf-fTce'  (suf-fiz'),  v.  t.  To 
satisfy.  —  v.  i.  To  be 
enough 


SUIT 

Suf-ft'cien-gy  (-fish/en-),  n. 
A  full  supply  ;  competence. 

Suf-fi'cient  (-fish'ent),  a. 
Adequate  to  wants  ;  enough. 

Suf-fi'cient-ly  (-fisb/ent-), 
adv.    Enough. 

Suffix,  n.  A  letter  or  a  sylla- 
ble added  to  the  end  of  a 
word. 

Suf-fix',  v.  I.  To  add  to  the 
end  of  a  word,  as  a  letter  or 
a  syllable. 

Suf  fo-eate.  v.  t.  To  choke 
by  excluding  air ;  to  stilio  ; 
to  smother. 

Suf  fo-ea/tion,  n.  The  act  of 
suffocating  or  smothering. 

Suf  fc— ea'tive,  a.  Tending  to 
suffocate  or  choke. 

Suffra-gan,  n.  A  bishop, 
considered  as  an  assistant. 

Suffrage,  n.  A  vote :  a  voice. 

Suf-fu§e',  v.  t.  To  overspread. 

Suf -fusion,  n.  Act  of  suffus- 
ing. 

Sug'ar  (shug'ar),  n.  A  sweet 
crystalline  substance  ob- 
tained from  the  sugar-cane, 
maple,  beet,  &c.  —  v.  t.  To 
sweeten  with  sugar. 

Sug'ar-eane 
(shug'ar-), 
A   plant  whose 
juice    produces « 
sugar. 

Sug  'ar-16af 
(shug'ar-), «.  A 
cone  or  mass  of 
refined  sugar.     Sugar-cane. 

Sug'ar-plum.  (shug'ar),  n. 
A  kind  of  candy  in  the  form 
of  a  ball. 

Sug'ar-y        (shug'ar-),      a. 
Sweet  ;  saccharine. 
!  Sug-gest'  (or  sud-jest'), « .  t. 
!      To  hint ;  to  intimate. 

Sug-g6s'tion  (sug-jest'yun  or 
sud-jest'yun),  it.  Hint  ;  in- 
timation ;  insinuation. 

Sug-gest'ive  (sug-  or  sud-), 
a.  Containing  a  suggestion, 
or  hint.  [of  suicide. 

Su'i-gi'dal,  a.     Of  the  nature 

Su'i-qlde,  n.      Self-murder; 
j      a  self-murderer;   a  felo-de- 
_se. 

Suit,  n.  A  set ;  retinue  ;  peti- 
I      tion  ;  courtship  ;  legal  pro- 


36n,  6r,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  took;  urn,  rue,  pull;  c,  g,  soft;  e,  g,  hard;  ag  ;  epst;  u  as  ng;  this. 


SUITABLE 


260 


SUPERIOR 


cess  ;  prosecution.  —  v.  t.  or 
i.  To  fit  or  be  fitted,  [meet. 

Suit'a-ble,  a.      Fit ;  proper  ; 

Suit'a-ble-ness,  n.   Fitness. 

Suit'a-bly,  adv.  Fitly  ;  prop- 
erly ;  appropriately. 

Suite  (sweet),  n.  A  retinue  ; 
a  train ;  a  set ;  a  series. 

Suit'or,  n.  One  who  sues  ;  a 
petitioner;  a  wooer,  [rosely. 

Sulk'i-ly,  adv.  Sullenly  ;  mo- 

Sulk'i-ness  (13),  n.  Sullen- 
ue^s ;  moroseness. 

Sulk'y,  a.  Sullen  ;  morose.  — 
H.  A  carriage  for  one  person. 

SuPlen,  a.  Ill-natured ;  cross 
and  silent ;  morose. 

Sul'ly,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  soil ;  to 
spot ;  to  tarnish  ;  to  stain. 

SiiPphate,  n.  A  salt  composed 
of  sulphuric  acid  and  a  base. 

Sul'phur,  n.  An  inflammable 
yellow  mineral ;  brimstone. 

Sul-phu're-ous,  i  a.     Having 

Sui'phur-ous,  S  the  quali- 
ties of  sulphur. 

Sul'phu-ret,  n.  A  combina- 
tion of  sulphur  with  another 
element. 

Sul-phu'rie,a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  obtained  from,  sulphur. 

SuPphur-y,  a.  Partaking  of, 
or  resembling,  sulphur. 

Sul'tan,  n.   Turkish  emperor. 

Sul-ta'na,  or  Sul-ta'na,  I  n. 

Sul'ta-ness,  j 

Wife  of  a  Sultan.       [sultry. 

SuPtri-ness,n.  State  of  being 

Sul'try,  a.  Hot :  close  ;  stag- 
nant, and  oppressive,  as  air. 

Sum,  n.  The  whole  amount ; 
a  quantity  :  a  problem  in 
arithmetic. —  v.  t.  To  col- 
lect into  a  total ;  to  com- 
pute.    . 

Su'mae     I   (shcJVmak),  n   A 

Su'maeh  j  shrub  used  in 
medicine,  dyeing,  &c. 

Sum'ma-ry/a.  Brief:  short  : 
concise.  —  n.  An  abridged 
account ;  an  abstract. 

Sum'mer,  n.  Warmest  season 
of  the- year.  — v.  To  pass  or 
cause  to  pass  the  summer. 

Sum'mer-set,  n.  A  leap  heels 
p     over  head.  [top. 

Sum'mit,  n.     Highest  point  ; 

Sum'mon,  v.  t.    To  call  by 


authority  ;   to  convoke  ;  to 
bid ;  to  cite  ;  to  notify. 

Sum'mon§,  n.  sing.  A  call  or 
command  to  appear  at  a 
certain  place  and  time. 

Sump'ter,  n.  A  pack-horse. 

Sumpt'u-a-ry,  a.  Regulating 
expenses  of  living. 

Sumpt'u-ous,  a.  Character-  j 
ized  by  expense  and  mag-  ■ 
uificence ;  costly. 

Sun,  11.  The  luminary  that 
enlightens  and  warms  the 
earth  and  other  planets  ;  j 
sunshine.  —  v.  i.  To  expose 
to  the  sun.  [sun. 

Sun'-beam,  n.   A  ray  of  the 

Sun/burnt,  a.  Burnt  or 
scorched  by  the  sun. 

Sun'day,  n.  First  day  of  the 
week ;  Christian  Sabbath. 

Siin'der,  p.  t.  To  separate  ; 
to  disunite  ;  to  sever. 

Sun'-dPal,  n.  An  instrument 
to  show  the  time  by  means 
of  the  shadow  of  a  style. 

Sun'dries,  n.  pi.  Many  differ- 
ent or  small  things. 

Sun'dry,  n.  More  than  one  or 
two. —  SYN.  Divers  ;  several. 

Sun'flow-er,  n.  A  plant  with 
large  yellow  flowers. 

Sung,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Sing. 

Sunk,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Sink. 

Sunk'en,7>.  a.  from  Sink. 

Sun'less,  a.  Destitute  of  the 
sun  or  its  rays. 

Sun'llght  (-lit),  n.  Light  of 
the  sun. 

Sun'ny,  a.  Exposed  to.  or  re- 
sembling, the  sun  ;  bright. 

Sim'rlse,  n.  First  appearance 
of  the  sun  In  the  morning. 

Sun'set,  n.  Disappearance  of 
the  sun  at  night.  [sun. 

Sun'shine,  n.     Light  of  the 

Sun'shln-y,  a.  Bright  with 
the  son's  rays. 

Sun  '-stroke,  n.  Sudden  pros- 
tration occasioned  by  ex- 
posure to  heat  of  the  sun. 

Sup,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  cat  supper. 
—  ??.  A  small  draught. 

SiPper-a-bound',  v.  i.  To  be 
very  abundant. 

Su'per-a-bund'ance,  n.  More 
than  is  sufficient ;  excessive 
abundance  ;  exuberance. 


Su'per-a-bund'ant,  a.  More 
than  is  sufficient. 

Simper-add',  v.  t.  To  add 
over  and  above. 

SiPper-an'nu-ate,  v.  t.  To 
impair  or  disqualify  by  old 
age  and  infirmity. 

Su'per-an'nu-a'ted,  a.  Dis- 
qualified by  old  age. 

Su-perb',  a.  Grand  ;  magnifi- 
cent-; elegant.  # 

Su-perb'ly,atft\    Grandly. 

Su'per-ear'go,  n.  One  who 
has  the  care  of  a  cargo,  and 
manages  the  sale  of  it. 

SiPper-Qil'i-ous,  a.  Haughty ; 
dictatorial  ;  overbearing. 

SiPper-giPi-ous-ly,  adv. 
Haughtily  ;  dogmatically. 

SiPper-em'i-nenge,  n.  Emi- 
nence superior  to  what  is 
common. 

SiPper-em'i-nent,  a.  Emi- 
nent in  a  superior  degree. 

SiPper-er'o-ga'tion,  n.  A 
doing  more  than  duty  or  ne- 
cessity requires. 

SfPper-e-rog'a-to-ry,  a.  Ex- 
ceeding the  calls  of  duty. 

SiPper-ex'gel-lent,  a.  Very 
excellent. 

SiPper-fPcial  (-fish'al),  a. 
Being  on  the  surface  ;  shal- 
low ;  not  deep. 

SiPper-fPcisl-ly  (-Tfeh'al-), 
adv.     On  the  surface  only. 

SCPper-fPcies  (-ffeh'Sa),  n. 
Surface ;  exterior  part  or 
face  of  a  thing. 

Su'per-flne',  a.    Very  fine. 

SiPper-flu'i-ty,  n.  Something 
beyond  what  is  needed. 

Su-par'flu-ous.  a.  More  than 
is  wanted :  useless. 

Su'per-hu'man,  a.  Above  or 
beyond  what  is  human. 

SiPper-in-eum'bent,  a.  Ly- 
ing on  something  else. 

SiPper-in-duge',  v.  t.  To 
bring  In  or  upon  as  an  addi- 
tion to  something. 

SiPper-in-tend' ,  v.  t.  To 
oversee.  [of  overseeing. 

SfPper-in-tSnd'enge,  n.   Act 

Su'per-in-tend'ent,  n.  A 
manager ;  an  overseer. 

Su-pe'ri-or,    a.  Higher  ; 

greater  ;  more  exalted  ;  pref- 


5,5,1,5,  tiff i long;  a,  6,1,  o,  0,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  ;  p'.'que,  firm  ; 


SUPERIORITY 

erable.  —  n.     One  higher  or 

more  excellent ;  a  chief. 

Su-pe'ri-or'i-ty,  n.    State  of 

being    superior  ;     pre-emi- 

nene>  ;  predominance. 

Su-pe    'a-tlve,  a.  Expressing 

t'  «       nest  degree ;  supreme. 

Su-r       nal,    a.     Relating    to 

things  above ;  celestial. 
Su'per-nat'u-ral,  a.  Exceed- 
ing the  powers  or  laws  of 
nature. 
Su'per-nu'mer-a-ry,  a.   Ex- 
ceeding the  number  neces- 
sary. —  n.  A  person  or  thing 
beyond  what  is  necessary  or 
usual. 
Su'per-s-cribe',  v.  t.  Jo  write 
on  the  outside  of ;  to  address. 
Su'per-serip'tion,  n.  A  writ- 
ing on  the  outside. 
Su/per-sede',  v.  t.    To  take 
the    place    of.  — SYN.      To 
overrule  ;  succeed  ;  displace. 
Su'per-sti'tion  (-stlsh'un),  ft. 
Excessive  exactness  or  rigor 
in  religion  ;  belief  in  omens. 
Su'per-sti'tioiis     (-stish'us), 
a.    Addicted  to,  or  proceed- 
ing from,  superstition. 
Su'per-sti'tious-ly     (-stish'- 
us),  adv.  In  a  superstitious 
manner. 
Su'per-stru-ct'ure,  n.     Any 
thing  built  ou  a  foundation 
or  basis. 
Su'per-vene',  v.  i.    To  come 
upon  as  something  extrane- 
ous ;  to  take  place. 
Su/per-vl'sal,     I  n.    Inspec- 
Su'per-vis'ion,  j      tion;  su- 
perintendence. 
Su'per-vlse'  (31),  v.   t.     To 
oversee,    for   direction  ;    to 
superintend  ;   to  inspect. 
Su/per-vl'gor,   n.     An  over- 
seer. 
Su'plne,  n.  A  verbal  noun. 
Su-plne',   a.     Lying  on    the 

back  ;  indolent ;  careless. 
Su-plne'ly,  adv.    Carelessly ; 

heedlessly  ;    indolently. 
Su-pme'ness,  n.      State    of 

being  supine. 
Sup'per,     ft.      The    evening 

meal. 
Siip'per-less,  a.   Being  with- 
out supper. 


261 


SURPASS 


Sup-plant',  v.  t.  To  remove  or  j  Su-preme'ly,    adv.    In   the 
displace  by  stratagem. 

Sup'ple,  a.'  Pliant;  flexible; 
yielding  ;  soft.  [tion. 

Sup'ple-ment,  n.     An  addi- 

Sup'ple-ment'al,      {  a.  Ad- 

Sup'ple-ment'a-ry, )  ded  to 
supply  what  is  wanted. 

Sup'ple-ness,  n.  Pliancy; 
flexibility;  facility. 

Siip'pli-ant,  a.     Entreating. 

Sup'plt-ant,     1  n.   A  humble 

Sup'pli-eant, )      petitioner. 

Siip'pli-eate,  ,  v.  t.  To  en- 
treat for ;  to  beseech.  — v.  i. 
To  offer  supplication. 

Sup'pli-ea'tion,  n.  Humble 
petition ;  entreaty. 

Sup'pli-«a-to-ry,  a.  Contain- 
ing supplication. 

Sup-ply',  v.  t.  To  fill  up  ;  to 
furnish  ;  to  provide.  —  n. 
Sufficiency  for  wants;  (pi.) 
things  supplied. 

Sup-port',  n.  A  prop;  main- 
tenance.—  v.  t.  To  prop; 
to  sustain  ;  to  maintain. 

Sup-port'a-ble,a.  Capable  of 
being  supported. 

Sup-pos'a-ble  (11),  a.  Ca- 
pable of  being  supposed. 

Sup-pose',  v.  t.  To  admit 
without  proof;  to  assume  to 
be  true  ;  to  imply  ;  to  think. 

Sup'po-si'tion  (-zish/un),  v. 
Something  supposed  ;  an 
hypothesis. 

Sup-pos'i-ti'tious  (-tTsh'us), 
a.  Not  genuine ;  counter- 
feit ;  illegitimate. 

Sup-press',  r.  t.  To  overpow- 
er and  crush  ;  to  conceal. 

Sup-pres'sion      (-prgsh'un), , 
Act  of  suppressing 


highest  degree. 
Sur-charge',  v.  t.     To  over- 
charge :     to    overload.  —  n. 
Excessive  charge  or  load. 
Sur'gin-gle,  n.    A  girth  pass- 
ing over  a  saddle  or  blanket. 
Surd,  ft.     A  quantity  whose 
root  can  not  be  exactly  ex- 
pressed   in    numbers  —  a. 
Incapable  of  being  expressed 
exactly  by  an  integral  num- 
ber or  by  a  vulgar  fraction ; 
j      whispered^  without  tone. 
Sure     (shnr),     a       Certainly 
knowing ;  not  liable  to  fail. 
< —  Syn.      Certain  ;    stable  j 
'firm;  confident;  secure. 
Sure'ly  (shur'-),  adv.      Cer- 
tainly. 
Sure'ty  (shnr'-),  ft.    Certain- 
ty ;    security  against  loss  ; 
a  bondsman  :  a  bail. 
Sure'ty-ship  (13),n.  State  of 

being  surety  for  another. 
Surf,n.  Continual  swell  of  the 
sea  upon  the  shore      [ikies. 
Sur'fage,  n.    Outside:  super- 
Sur'feit,    n.     Fullness    occa- 
sioned by  excess.  —  v.  t.  or 
i.  To  feed  to  excess. 
Surge,  ft.     A  large  wave  or 
billow.  —  v.  i.   To  swell :  to 
rise  high  and  roll,  as  waves. 
Sur'geon  (-jun),  n.    One  who 

practices  surgery. 
Sur'ger-y,  ft.    Art  of  healing 
external  injuries  of  the  body 
by  manual  operations. 
Sur'gi-c-al,  a.    Pertaining  to 

surgery. 
Sur'li-ness,  ft.    Crabbedness. 
Sur'loin,n.  A  loin  oi  beef,  or 
the  upper  part  of  it.    [sour. 
To  generate  i  Sur'ly ,  a.    Morose ;  crabbed ; 
Sur-mise'  (31),  C.  t.  To  imag- 
ine :  to  conjecture^—  n.  Sus- 
picion ;  conjecture. 
Sur-mount'.  v.  t.    'to  over- 
come :  to  surpass  ;  to  exceed. 
Sur-mount'a-ble,  a.  Capable 

of  being  surmounted. 
Sur'name,  «.    A  name  added 
to  the  baptismal  name ;    a 
family  name,  [family  name. 
Sur-narae',  v.  t.    To  call  by  a 
n.  The  highest  and  great-    Sur-pass',  v.   t.     To  go  be- 
est  Being;  God.  j      yond  ;  to  exceed;  to  excel. 


Siip'pu-rate,  v 
pus. 

Sup'pu-ra'tion,  n.  Act  or 
process  of  suppurating. 

Sup'pu-ra/tive ,  a.  Promot- 
ing suppuration ;  tending  to 
suppurate.  [the  world. 

Sfi'pra-mun'dane,  a.   Above 

Su-prem'a-gy,  n.  Highest 
power  or  authority. 

Su-preme',  a.  Highest ;  great- 
est ;  most  powerful :  chief. 


B<in,  or,  dp,,  wylf,  too,  took  ;  Grn,  rue,  pull;  g,  g,  soft ;  «,  g,  hard;  aj  ;  e^ist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


SURPASSING 


262 


SWEEP 


Sur-pass'ing,  p.  j>r.  or  a. 
Exceeding  others ;  excellent 
in  an  eminent  degree. 

Sur'plice,  n.  A  white  gar- 
ment worn  by  clergymen. 

Sur'plus,  |  n.  Excess  be- 

Sur'plus-age, )  yond  what 
is  necessary ;  overplus. 

Sur-pris'al,  n.  Act  of  sur- 
prising ;  state  of  surprise. 

Sur-prlse',  n.  A  moderate 
degree"  of  wonder  suddenly 
excited.  —  r.  t.  (31)  To  come 
or  fall  upon  unexpectedly  ; 
to  excite  wonder  in. 

Sur-pris/ing,  a.  Exciting 
surprise ;  wonderful. 

Sur-ren'der,  v.  t  To  yield  ;  to 
deliver  up.  —  n.  Actofyield- 
ing  or  giving  up  to  another. 

Siir'rep-ti'tious  (-tlsh'us),  a. 
Done  by  stealth  or  fraud. 

Sur'rep-ti'tious-ly  (-tlsh'- 
us-), adv  By  stealth  ;  fraud- 
ulent^ 

Sur'ro-gate,  n.  A  deputy;  a 
delegate;  one  who  presides 
over  the  probate  of  wills,  and 
the  settlement  of  estates. 

Sur-round',  v.  t.  To  inclose 
on  all  sides ;  to  encompass. 

Sur-tput'  (-tJbf),  n.  A  close- 
fittiug  overcoat. 

Sur-vey'  (14),  v.  t.  To  view 
attentively  ;  to  measure  and 
delineate,  as  laud. 

Sur'vey,  n.  A  general  or  a 
particular  view;  mensura- 
tion j  a  plan  or  draft. 

Sur-vey'ing,  n.  Act  or  art 
of  measuring  land,  and  de- 
lineating it  on  paper. 

Sur-vey'or,  n.  One  who 
measures  land;    an  inspec- 

i    tor  of  goods,  highways,  &c. 

Sur-vi'val,  n.  A  living  longer 
than  another. 

Sur-vlve',  »•.  t.  To  live  long- 
er than-;  to  outlive. 

Sur-viv'or,  n.  0»e  who  out 
lives  another.         [survivor. 

Sur-vrv'or-sh'ip, n.  Stateofa 

Sus-gep'ti-bil'i-ty,  n.  Qual- 
ity of  receiving  impressions 
sensibility. 

Sus-cep'ti-ble,  I  a.     Capable 

Sus-<;6p'tive,  J  of  receiving 
impressions. 


Sus-pe-et',  v.  t  To  imagine 
to  exist;  to  mistrust  ;  to 
doubt ;  to  have  suspicion  of. 

Sus-pend',  v.  t.  To  attach 
to  something  above  ;  to 
cause  to  cease  for  a  time.  — 
Syn.  To  hang  ;  intermit  ; 
interrupt ;  delay  ;  hinder. 

Sus-pend'er,  n.  One  who 
suspends;  (pi.)  braces. 

Sus-pense',  n.  State  of  un- 
certainty ;  cessation  for  a 
time ;  indecision. 

Sus-p5n'sion,n.  Act  of  sus- 
pending ;  temporary  or  con- 
ditional interruption  or  de- 
lay, [suspend. 

Sus-pen'so-ry,  a.   Serving  to 

Sus-pi'cion  (-pish'un),  n. 
Mistrust ;  doubt ;  jealousy. 

Sus-pi'cious  (-plsh'us),  a. 
Apt  or  inclined  to  suspect. 

Sus-pi'cious-ly  (-pish' us-), 
adv.  So  as  to  excite  suspi- 
cion. 

Sus'pi-ra'tion,  n.    A  sigh. 

Sus-tain',  v.  t.  To  bear;  to 
support ;  to  uphold ;  to  en- 
dure; to  maintain. 

Sus'te-nange,  n.  Food  that 
sustains  ;  support ;  main- 
tenance ;  provisions. 

Sus'ten-ta'tion,  n.  Support. 

Stit'ler,  n.  One  who  follows 
an  army  and  sells  provisions 
and  liquors  to  the  troops. 

Sut-tee'.  (18),  n.  A  Hindoo 
widow  who  immolates  her- 
self on  the  funeral  pile  of 
her  husband. 

Sut'ure,  n.  A  seam  :  joint  of 
the  hones  of  the  skull. 

Swab  (swob),  n.  A  mop  for 
cleaning  floors,  &c.  ;  a 
sponge  for  cleaning  the 
mouth.  —  v.  t.  To  wipe 
with  a  mop  or  swab. 

Swad'dle,  v.  t.  To  swathe. 
—  n.  Clothes  bound  tight 
around  the  body. 

Swag,  v.  i.  To  sink  down  by 
its  weight. 

Swag'ger,  v.  i.  To  boast ; 
to  brag;  to  bluster.  —  n. 
Insolence  of  manner. 

Swain,  n.  A  rustic  ;  a  coun- 
try gallant  or  lover. 

Swale,  n.    A  tract   of   low 


land.  —  v.  i.     To  melt  and 
run  down,  as  a  candle. 

Swal'low,  n.  A  small  migra- 
tory bird ;  the  throat.  —  v. 
t.  To  take  into  the  stomach  ; 
to  absorb  ;  to  engross. 

Swam,  imp.  of  Swim. 

Swamp  (swomp),  n.  Low, 
wet,  soft,  spongy  ground ;  a 
marsh  ;  a  feu ;  a  bog. 

Swamp'y,  a.  Low,  wet  and 
spongy, as  land. 

Swan,  n.  A  bird 
like  the  goose, 
but  handsom- 
er and  more 
graceful. 

Swap  (swop),  v.      Swan- 
t.    To  exchange  ;  to  barter. 
—  n.  An  exchange;  bartor. 

Sward,  ».  Grassy  surface  of 
land ;  compact  turf. 

Swarm,  n.  A  multitude,  esp. 
of  bees;  a  crowd.  —  v.  i.  To 
leave  a  hive  in  a  body. 

Swarth'i-ly,  adv.  With  a 
tawny  or  dusky  hue. 

Swarth'y,  a.    Of  a  dark  hue. 

Swath,  n.  A  line  of  grass, 
&c,  cut  down  in  mowing; 
whole  sweep  of  a  scythe. 

Swathe,  n.  A  band  or  fillet ; 
a  bandage.  —  v.  t.  To  bind 
with  bands  or  bandages. 

Sway  (14),  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
wield ;  to  govern  ;  to  move 
or  wave. — n.  Rule;  com- 
mand; power;  influence. 

Swear,  v.  i.  [imp.  swore  ; 
p.  p.  sworn.]  To  affirm 
with  a  solemn  appeal  to  God 
for  the  truth  of  what  is  af- 
firmed ;  to  u*e  profane  lan- 
guage.—  v.  t.  To  cause  to 
take  an  oath. 

Swear'ing,n.  Act  of  one  who 
swears;  profanity. 

Sweat,/?.  The  moisture  which 
issues  through  the  pores  of 
an  animal;  perspiration. — 
v.  i.  or  t.  To  excrete  moisture 
from  the  skin;  to  perspire. 

Sweat'y,  n.  Moist  with 
Sweat;  covered  with  sweat. 

Sweep,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
swept.]  To  clean  with  a 
broom  or  brush  ;  to  pass 
along.  — v.  i.    To  pass  with 


a, e,  I,  o,  u,  y,  long;  a,  6, I, 6,  Q, y, short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all, what ;  ore,  veil,  term ;  pVque,  firm  \ 


SWEEPINGS 

swiftness  and  violence.  —  n. 
Act  of  sweeping  ;  range ;  a 
largo  oar  ;  one  who  sweeps. 

Sweep':ng§,  n.  pi.  Things 
collef  ?d  in  sweeping. 

Swftfv  akes,  n.  pi.  The 
w.  money  won  at  a  race ; 
one  who  wins  all. 

Sweet,  a.  Grateful  to  the 
taste,  or  to  any  sense  ;  not 
sour ;  fresh  ;  soft  and  gentle. 

Sweet'-bread,  n.  The  pan- 
creas of  an  animal. 

Sweet'brl-ar,  n.  A  fragrant 
shrub  of  the  rose  kind. 

Sweet'en,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  make 
or  become  sweet. 

Sweet'en-ing,  n.  Something 
which  sweetens. 

Sweet'heart,  n.  A  lover ;  a 
mistress. 

Sweet'ing,  n.   A  sweet  apple. 

Sweet'ish,  a.    Rather  sweet. 

Sweet'ly,  adv.  With  sweet- 
ness ;  gratefully ;  agreeably. 

Sweet'meat,  n.  Fruit  pre- 
served with  sugar. 

Sweet'ness,  n.  Gratefulness 
to  the  taste  or  other  sense. 

Swell,  v.  t.  To  dilate  or  ex- 
tend ;  to  increase  the  size  of. 

—  v.  i.  To  be  inflated;  to 
grow  larger.  —  n.  Extension 
of  bulk.  [tumor. 

Swell'ing,  n.    Protuberance ; 

Swelt'er,  v.  To  oppress  or 
to  be  overcome  with  heat. 

Swelt'ry,  a.    Sultry. 

Swept,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of 
Sweep. 

Swerve,  v.  i.  To  deviate  ;  to 
wander. 

Swift,  a.  Moving  with  celer- 
ity. —  Syn.  Rapid  ;  speedy  ; 
ready  ;  fleet ;  quick ;  nim- 
ble.—  n.  A  small  bird  re- 
sembling the  swallow. 

Swift'ly,  adv.    Rapidly. 

Swift'ness,  n.  Rapidity ; 
celerity  ;  speed. 

Swig,  •.  i.  or  t.  To  drink  in 
large  draughts. 

Swill,  v.  t.    To  drink  largely. 

—  n.    Wash  for  swine. 
Swim,  v.  i.    [imp.  swam  ; 

p.  p.  SWUM.]  To  float  or 
move  in  water ;  to  glide 
along ;  to  be  dizzy. 


263 

Swim'mer,  n.  One  who 
swims.  [who  swims. 

Swim'ming,  n.      Act  of  one 

Swim'ming-ly,  adv.  With- 
out obstruction ;  very  suc- 
cessfully ;  prosperously. 

Swm'dle,  v.  t.  To  cheat  or 
defraud  grossly,  or  with  de- 
liberate artifice. 

Swin'dler,  ft.  A  cheat;  a 
sharper;  a  rogue.  [hog. 

Swine,   n.  sing,   and  pi.    A 

Swme'-herd,  n.  A  keeper  of 
swine. 

Swing,  e.  i.  or  t.  [imp.  &  p. 
p.  SWUNG.]  Tomovetoand 
fro,  as  a  body  suspended; 
to  vibrate.  —  ft.  A  waving 
motion  ;  apparatus  for 
swinging ;  free  course. 

Swinge  (11),  v.  t.  To  punish. 

Swm'gle,  v.  t.  To  clean,  as 
flax,  by  beating. — n.  An 
instrument  of  wood  like  a 
knife,  for  cleaning  flax. 

Swin'ish  ( 11 ) ,  a .  Like  swine ; 
gross;  bestial;  sensual. 

Swipe,  n.  Beam  by  which 
the  water  in  a  well  is  raised. 

Swiss,  n.  si?tg.  &  pi.  A  native 
of  Switzerland  ;  the  people 
of  Switzerland. 

Switch,  ft.  A  flexible  twig; 
a  movable  pair  of  rails. 

Swiv'elfswlv'l), 
n.  A  ring,  link, 
or      staple,       Swivel, 
turning  on  a  pin  or  neck ;  a 
small    gun    that    may  be 
turned  on  a  pivot.      [  Swell. 

Swollen   (sw51n),   p.   p.    of 

Swoon,  v.  i.  To  faint. — ft. 
A  fainting  fit. 

Swoop,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  fall  on 
and  seize  with  a  sweeping 
motion. — ft.  A  pouncing  on 
and  seizing,  as  a  bird  of  prey . 

Swop,  n.  &  v.     See  Swap. 

Sword  (sord),  n.  A  weapon 
for  cutting  or  thrusting. 

Sword '-fish  (sord'-),  n.  A 
large  fish,  having  the  upper 
jaw  elongated  into  a  sword- 
shaped  process. 

SwSre,  imp.  of  Swear. 

Sw5rn,  p.  p.  or  p.  a.  from 
Swear. 

Swum,  imp.  Sc  p.  p.  of  Swim. 


SYMPATHIZE 

Swung,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of 
Swing. 

Sye'a-more,  n.  A  large  tree 
allied  to  the  common  fig  ;  in 
England,  a  large  maple  ;  in 
America,  the  plane-tree,  or 
button  wood. 

Sye'o-phan-Qy,  ft.  Obsequi- 
ous flattery ;  servility. 

Sy€'o-phant,M.  An  obsequi- 
ous flatterer  of  princes  and 
great  m$n  ;  a  base  parasite. 

Sy-e'o-phant'ic,  a.  Servilely 
flattering  ;  parasitic. 

Sy'e-mte,  n.  A  crystalline 
rock  closely  resembling 
granite.  [syllables. 

Syl-lab'i-e  (5),  a.    Relating  to 

Syl-lab'i-ca'tion,  n.  The  for- 
mation of  syllables. 

Syl'la-ble,  n.  A  letter  or 
combination  of  letters  ut- 
tered together,  or  by  one  im- 
pulse of  the  voice. 

Syl'la-bub,  n.  A  drink  made 
of  wine  and  milk. 

Syl 'la-bus,  n.     An  abstract. 

Syl'lo-gism,  n.  A  regular 
argument  consisting  of  three 
propositions. 

SyWo-glst'i^a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  consisting  of,  a  syllo- 
gism. 

Sylph,  n.  A  kind  of  fairy  in- 
habiting the  air. 

Syl'van,  n.  A  fabled  deity 
of  the  wood ;  a  faun.  —  a. 
Forest-like  ;  rural ;  rustic. 

Sym'bol,n.  A  type,  emblem, 
sign,  or  representation. 

Sym-bol'ie,       )  a.    Express- 

Sym-bdl'ioal, J  ing    by 

means  of  symbols  or  signs. 

Sym-b61'le-al-ly,  adv.  By 
signs ;  typically. 

Sym'bol-Ize  (31),  v.  t.  or  i. 
To  represent  by  a  symbol. 

Sym-met'ri€-al,  a  Propor- 
tional in  its  parts. 

Sym-met'si-e-al-ly,  adv. 
With  due  proportions. 

Sym'me-try,  n.  Adaptation 
of  parts  to  each  other  or  to 
the  whole. 

Sym'pa-thet'io,  a.  Having, 
or  produced  by,  sympathy. 

Sym'pa-thize,  v.  i.  To  feel 
for  another. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tJbk  ;  urn,  rye,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  e,  g,  hard ;  ag  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


SYMPATHY 


264 


TACITURN 


Sjrm'pa-thy,  n.  Fellow-feel- 
ing; commiseration;  pity. 

Sym-pho'ni-ous,  a.  Agree- 
ing in  sound ;  harmonious. 

Sym'pho-ny,  n.  Harmony  of 
sounds ;  an  elaborate  musi- 
cal composition  for  instru- 
ments. 

Symp'tom,  n.  A  sign  or  in- 
dication, as  of  disease  ;  tok- 
en ;  mark  ;  note. 

Symp'tom-at'i-e,  a.  Indi- 
cating the  existence  of  some- 
thing else. 

Syn-aer'e-sis, )  n.      Contrac- 

Syn-6r'e-sis,  J  tion  of  a 
word  by  drawing  two  vowels 
together  inljp  one  syllable. 

Syn'a-gSgue  (-gog),  n.  A 
Jewish  place  of  worship. 

Syn'<;hro-nal,      )  a       Hap- 

Syn-ehrSn'le-al,  J    peningat 

Syn'ehro-nous,  )  the  same 
time ;  simultaneous. 

Syn'-ehro-nism,  n.  Concur- 
rence of  two  or  more  events 
in  time. 

Syn'^o-pate,  v.  t.  To  con- 
tract bysyncope. 

Syn'eo-pa'tion,  n.  Contrac- 
tion of  a  word  by  taking  a 
letter  or  letters  from  the 
middle. 

Syo'-cope,  n.  Retrenchment 
of  one  or  more  letters  from 


the  middle  of  a  word  ;  a 
fainting  fit. 

Syn'di-e,  n.  A  magistrate  in- 
vested with  different  powers 
in  different  places 

Syn-ech'do-ehe,  n.  A  figure 
of  rhetoric  by  which  the 
whole  is  put  for  a  part,  or  a 
part  for  the  whole. 

Syn'od,  n.  An  ecclesiastical 
council ;  a  convention. 

Syn-Sd'i€,       I  a.  Relating  to 

Syn-6d'i-e-al, J     a  synod. 

Syn'o-nym,    I  a.  A  word  hav- 

Syn'o-nyme,  )  ing  the  same  or 
very  nearly  the  same  mean- 
ing as  another. 

Syn-dn'y-mlze,  v.  t.  To  ex- 
press in  different  words  of 
the  same  meaning. 

Syn-6n'y-mous,  a.  Having 
the  same  meaning ;  pertain- 
ing to,  or  containing,  syn- 
onyms. 

Syn-6n'y-my,  n.  Quality  of 
expressing  the  same  mean- 
ing in  different  words. 

Syn-6p'sis,  n.  (pi.  Syn-6p'- 
ses).  A  general  view  ;  an  ab- 
stract ;  an  epitome. 

Syn-op'tle,       )  a.  Affording  a 

Syn-6p'ti«-al, )  general  view. 

Syn-tae'ti-c,       )  a.    Relating 

Syn-t&e'ti-c-al,  I      to  syntax. 

Syn'tax,  n.      The   arrange- 


mant    or   construction    of 

words  in  sentences. 
Syn'the-sis,  n.   Composition, 

or  the  putting  of   two  or 

more  things  together. 
Syn-thet'i-e,       \a.    Pertain- 
Syn-thet'i-e-al, J     ing  to,  or 

consisting  in,  synthesis. 
Syn-thet'i-e-al-ly,  adv.     By 

synthesis  ;  by  composition. 
Syph'i-lis,  n.    An  infectious 

venereal  disease. 
Syr'i-ae,  a.      Pertaining    to 

Syria,  or  its  language.  —  n. 

The  language  of  Syria. 
Sy-rin'ga,  n.  The  lilac  ;  also, 

the  mock  orange. 
Syr'inge,  n.     A  kind  of  pipe 

for  injecting  liquids.  —  v.  t. 

To    inject    or     cleanse    by 

means  of  a  S3  ringe. 
Sys'tem,  n.     Connected  as- 
semblage of  parts  or  things ; 

regular  order  or  method. 
Sys'tem-at'i-e,  a.  Pertaining, 

or  proceeding  according,  to 

system ;  methodical. 
Sys'tem-at'i-e-al-ly,  adv.  In 

a  systematic  manner. 
Sys'tem-a-tize,  v.  t.    To  re- 
duce to  system   or  regular 

method ;  to  methodize. 
Sys'to-le,  n.    The  shortening 

of  a  syllable ;  contraction  of 

the  heart  and  arteries. 


T. 


TAB,  n.  A  border  of  lace 
on  the  inner  front  edge 
of  a  bonnet. 

Tab'by,  a.  Wavy  ;  watered ; 
brindled.  —  n.  A  wavy  or 
watered  silk ;  a  brindled  va- 
riety of  cat. 

Tab'cr-na-cle,  n.  A  tent ;  a 
temporary  and  portable 
temple  of  the  Jews  ;  place 
for  keeping  some  holy  or 
precious  thing.  —  v.  i.  To 
reside  for  a  time. 

Tab'la-ture,  n.  A  painting 
on  a  wall  and  ceiling. 


Ta/ble  (18),  n.  An  article  of 
furniture  with  a  flat  sur- 
face ;  a  board  ;  fare  ;  a  syn- 
opsis or  schedule.  —  v.  t.  To 
lay  on  the  table  ;  to  post- 
pone ;  to  form  into  a  table. 

Tab'leau  (tiib'lo),  «.  (Pl. 
Tab'leaux,  -16*,  25.)  A 
picture-like  representation 
of  some  scene  by  means  of 
persons  grouped  together;  a 
still  pantomime. 

Ta'ble-land,  n.  Elevated 
flat  land  ;  a  plateau. 

Tab'let,  n.    A  little  table ;  a 


flat  surface ; 
dum-book. 

Ta-boo',  n.  A  religious  inter- 
dict ;  a  prohibition.  —  v.  t. 
To  forbid  approach  to  or 
use  of;  to  hold  sacred. 

Ta'bor,  n.     A  small  drum. 

Tab'u-lar,  a.  Having  the 
form  of,  or  pertaining  to,  a 
table. 

Tac/it,  a.    Silent ;  implied.     ' 

Tag'it-ly,  adv.  "Without 
words  ;  by  implication. 

Tac/i-turn,  a.  Habitually  is- 
lent ;  reserved ;  reticent. 


5,0,1,0,  u,y,  tongva,e,T, 6,  tt, y, 5Aor*;care,car,ask,  all, what ;  Gre,v£il,t5rm  ;  pique,  firm ,• 


TA< 

Tac'i-tur 


TACITURNITY 

ac/i-tur'ni-ty,  n.  Habitual 
silence ;  reserve  ;  reticence. 
Tack  5),  n.  A  sort  of  small 
nai>  rope;  course  of  a  ship 
;  ie  position  of  her  sails. 

—  .  t.     To  fasten  slightly. 

—  v.  i.  To  change  the 
course  of  a  ship  by  means 
of  her  sails. 

Tack'le(tak'l),n.  A  machine 

lor  raising  heavy  weights; 

rigging  and  apparatus.  — v. 

t.    To  harness ;  to  seize. 
Tack'ling,  n.     Rigging  of  a 

ship ;  harness. 
T&et,  n.     Nice  perception  or 

skill.  [tactics. 

Tae'ti-c-al,  a.    Pertaining  to 
Ta€-tl'cian(-tlsh'an),  n.  One 

versed  in  tactics. 
Ta-e'ti-es,  n.  sing.      Science 

and  art  of  disposing  mili- 
tary or  naval  forces  in  order 

for  battle. 
Ta-e'tile,  a.  Capable  of  being 

touched.  [touch. 

Ta«t'u-al,  a.     Pertaining  to 
Tad'pole,  n.   The  young  of  a 

frog  in  its  first  state. 
Taff  rail,  n.     Upper  part  of 

a  ship's  stern. 
Taf  fe-ta,  1  n.  A    fine  glossy 
Taf  fe-ty,  ]     silk  stuff. 
Tag,  n.    A  metallic  point  at 

the  end  of  a  string  ;  a  label. 

—  v.  t.  To  fit  with  a  point 
or  points. 

Tail  (4),  n.  Appendage  of  an 
animal  behind ;  back,  lower, 
or  inferior  part. 

Tai'lor,  n.  One  who  makes 
men's  clothes. 

Tai'lor-ess,n.  A  woman  who 
makes  men's  or  boys' 
clothes. 

Taint,  v.t.  To  infect ;  to 
contaminate  ;  to  corrupt. — 
n.    Infection;  corruption. 

Take,  v.  t.  [imp.  took  ;  p. 
p.  TAKEN.]  To  receive  ;  to 
seize ;  to  catch  ;  to  hold ;  to 
assume;  to  convey.  —  v.  i. 
To  have  the  natural  effect  ; 
to  gain  recfeption. 

Tak'ing,  a.  Alluring;  at- 
tracting. 

Tale  (5),  n.  A  soft  greenish 
mineral  of  a  soapy  feel. 


265 

Tale,  n.  A  story ;  a  narrative ; 
a  number  or  enumeration. 

Tale'-bear'er,  n.  An  officious 
informer ;  a  tell-tale. 

Tal'ent,  n.  An  ancient  weight 
and  coin  ;  intellectual  abil- 
ity ;  faculty. 

Tal'ent-ed,  a.  Possessing 
talents. 

Tal'i§-man  (21),  n.  A  magic- 
al character ;  a  charm. 

TaPis-man'ie,  a.    Affording 

•    magical  protection. 

Talk  (tawk),  n.  Familiar  con- 
versation ;  rumor.  —  v.  i. 
To  speak,  as  in  familiar  dis- 
course. 

Talk'a-tive  (tawk'-),  a.  Given 
to  much  talking.  —  SYN. 
Loquacious ;  garrulous. 

Tall  ( 1 ),  a.  High  in  stature  ; 
lofty.  [ness. 

Tall'ness,  n.    Height;  lofti- 

TSl'low,  n.  Hard  fat  of  an 
animal,  especially  of  the 
sheep  and  the  ox. — v.  t. 
To  smear  with  tallow. 

TaTlow'-chan'dler,  n.  One 
who  makes  tallow  candles. 

Tal'ly,  n.  A  notched  stick 
for  keeping  accounts;  a 
match ;  a  mate.  — v.t.  or  i. 
To  agree ;  to  correspond. 

Tal'mud,  n.  A  book  of  He- 
brew laws  and  traditions. 

Tal'on,  n.  The  claw  of  a  bird 
of  prey.  [being  tamed. 

Tam/a-ble(ll),a.   Capable  of 

Tam'a-rlnd,  n.  A  tropical 
tree  and  its  acid  fruit. 

Tam/bpur,  n.  A  small  flat 
drum ;  a  circular  frame  for 
embroidery  ;  a  kind  of  em- 
broidery. 

Tam'bour-'ine' 
(tam"'bo"or- 
een'),  n.  A 
shallow  drum 
with  only  one  _ 
_i,j  Tambourine. 

Tame,    a.      Accustomed    to 

man;  gentle;  mild.  —  v.  t. 

To  reclaim  from  wildness ; 

to  subdue ;  to  conquer. 
Tame'ly,  adv.      With  mean 

submission ;  servileness. 
Tarn'my,  n.  A  glazed  woolen 

stuff. 


TAPER 

Tamp,  v.  t.  To  fill  up,  aa  a 
hole  in  blasting. 

Tam'per(8),z>.  i.  To  meddle. 

Tam'pi-on,  1  n.  Stopper  of  a 

T6m'pi-on,  J   gun  or  cannon. 

Tan  (7),  v.  To  convert  into 
leather  ;  to  make  or  become 
brown.  —  n.  Bark  prepared 
for  tanuing;  a  yellowish- 
brown  color. 

Tan'dem,  adv.  One  behind 
another ;  —  said  of  horses. 

Tang,  n.  A  strong  taste  ; 
relish  ;  a  kind  of  sea-weed. 

Tan 'gent,  n. 
A  right  line 
which  mere- 
ly touches  a 
curve. 

Tan'gi-bil'i- 
ty,  n.    Qual-   c,  c,  c,  Tan- 
ity  of  being        gents, 
tangible. 

Tan'gi-ble.a.  Perceptible  by 
the  touch ;  palpable ;  readi- 
ly apprehensible. 

Tan'gle.v.  To  unite  together 
confusedly ;  to  insnarc.  — 
n.    An  intricate  knot. 

Tank,  n.  A  large  basin  or 
cistern. 

Tank'ard,  n.  A  large  vessel 
for  liquors,  with  a  lid. 

Tan'ner,  n.  One  whose  occu- 
pation is  to  tan  hides. 

Tan'ner-y,  n.  House  and  ap- 
paratus for  tanning. 

Tan'nin  (30),  n.  The  astrin- 
gent principle  of  the  bark 
of  the  oak  and  other  trees. 

Tan'§y,  n.  A  very  bitter  plant. 

Tan'ta-llze  ( 31 ) ,  v .  t.  To  tease 
with  false  hopes. 

Tan'ta-mount',  a.  Equiva- 
lent in  value  or  signification. 

Tan'-yard,  n.  A  yard  where 
tanning  is  carried  on. 

Tap,  v.  t.  To  touch  or  strike 
lightly;  to  put  a  new  sole  or 
heel  on.  —  n .  A  gentle  blow ; 
a  spile  or  pipe  for  drawing 
liquor ;  a  bar. 

Tape,  n.    A  narrow  fillet. 

Ta'per,  n.  A  small  wax  can- 
dle —  a.  Decreasing  regu- 
larly toward  the  point.  — 
v.  t.  or  i.  To  decrease  grad- 
ually toward  one  end. 


son,  6r,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk ;  Qrn,  rue,  pull ;  p,  g,  soft,-  -e,  g,  hard;  a§ ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


TAPESTRY 


2G6 


TEARLESS 


Tap'es-try,  n.  A  kind  of 
woven  hangings  of  wool  and 
silk,  often  embroidered. 

Tape'-worm(-wQrm),  n.  A 
broad,  fiat,  many -jointed 
worm,  bred  in  the  intestines. 

Tap'i-6'ea,  n.  A  starch  ob- 
tained from  the  roots  of  a 
Brazilian  plant. 

Tap'-house,  n,  A  house 
where  liquors  are  retailed. 

Tap'-root,  n.  The  chief  root. 

Tap'ster,  n.  One  who  draws 
liquors. 

Tar,  M.  A  resinous  substance 
obtained  from  pine-trees  ;  a 
sailor.  [See  Tarpaulin.]  — 
r.  t.    To  smear  with  tar. 

Ta-ran'tu-la,  n.  A  species  of 
spider.  [pace. 

Tar'di-ly,  adv.    "With  a  slow 

Tar'di-ness  (13),  n.  Slow- 
ness of  motion ;  lateness. 

Tar'dy,  a.  Moving  with  a 
slow  pace  or  motion ;  late. 

Tare,  n.  A  troublesome  weed ; 
allowance  in  weight  for  the 
cask  or  bag. 

Tar'get,  n.  A  small  shield  ;  a 
mark  to  shoot  at. 

Tar'iff,  n.  A  table  of  duties 
or  customs  on  imports. 

Tar'la-tan,  n.  A  kind  of 
thin,  transparent  muslin. 

Tar'nish,  r.  /.  To  sully  ;  to 
lose  brightness. 

Tar-pau'lin,  n.  Canvas 
tarred ;  a  waterproof  hat 
worn  by  sailors  ;  a  sailor. 

Tar'ry,  v.  i.  To  stay ;  to  re- 
main ;  to  continue ;  to  de- 
lay ;  to  abide. 

Tar'ry,  a.  Covered  with,  or 
like,  tar. 

Tart,  a.  Acid  ;  sharp ;  severe. 
—  n.  A  kind  of  small  open 
pie.  [en  cloth. 

Tar'tan,  n.  A  checkered  wool- 

Tar'tar,  n.  An  acid  salt  de- 
posited from  wine  ;  concre- 
tion on  the  teeth. 

Tar-ta're-an,  a.  Pertaining 
to  Tartar U3  ;  hellish. 

Tar-ta're-oiis,  I  a.    Consist- 

Tar'tar-ous,  )  ing  of,  or 
like,  tartar. 

Tar-tar'ic,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  obtained  from,  tartar. 


Tart'ly,  adv.  Sharply ;  sour- 1 
ly ;  acrimoniously. 

Tart'ness,  n.  Sharpness  ;< 
acidity ;  acrimony. 

Task,  n.  Business  imposed  ; 
burdensome  employment. — 
v.  t.  To  impose  a  task  on ;  to 
oppress  with  burdens. 

Task'-mas'ter,  n.  One  who 
imposes  tasks. 

Tas'sel,  n.  A  pendent  orna- 
ment ending  in  a  fringe.  — 
v.  t.  (8)  To  adorn  with  tas- 
sels. 

Taste,  v .  t.  To  perceive  by 
the  palate ;  to  eat  a  little 
of;  to  experience ;  to  relish. 
—  n.  Act  or  sense  of  tast- 
ing; intellectual  relish  or 
discernment ;  style ;  a  kind 
of  narrow  ribbon. 

Taste'ful,  a.  Having  a  high 
relish ;  exhibiting  good 
taste.  [taste. 

Taste'ful-ly,  adv.  With  good 

Taste'less,  a.  Having  no 
taste ;  insipid.  [taste. 

Tast'i-ly,   adv.     With  good 

Tast'y,  «.  Having  good  teste ; 
according  to  taste  ;  elegant. 

Tat'ter,  r.  t.  To  rend  into 
rags.  —  n.  A  piece  torn  and 
hanging ;  a  rag. 

Tat'ter-de-mal'ion  (-mal'- 
yun),  n.    A  shabby  fellow. 

Tat'tle,  *.  ?'.  To  tell  tales  or 
secrets. — n.  Idle,  trifling 
talk  or  chat ;  prate. 

Tat'tler,  n.    An  idle  talker. 

Tat-too',  n.  A  beat  of  drum 
at  night ;  figures  stained  on 
the  skin.  —  v.  t.  (15)  To 
stain  indelibly,  as  the  skin, 
by  pricking  in  dye-stuffs. 

Taught  (tawt),  imp.  &  p.  p. 
of  Teach. —a.    Sec  Taut. 

Taunt  (tant),  v.  t.  To  insult 
with  reproachful  words.  — 
Syn.  To  deride ;  mock ;  re- 
vile ;  insult;  upbraid. — n. 
A  gibe  ;  scoff. 

Taut,  a.     Tight;  stretched. 

Tau'to-lSg'ic-al,  a.  Repeat- 
ing the  same  meaning. 

Tau-t61'o-gy,  n.  Repetition 
of  the  same  meaning  in  dif- 
ferent words. 

Tav'ern,  n.    A  public  house 


kept  for  the  entertainment 
and  accommodation  of  trav- 
elers and  other  guests. 

Tav'ern-keep'er,  n.  One 
who  keeps  a  tavern. 

Taw,  v.  t.  To  dress  and  pre- 
pare in  white  leather. 

Taw'dri-ly,  adv.  With  excess 
of  finery. 

Taw'dri-ness,  n.  State  of 
being  tawdry ;  excessive 
finery. 

Taw'dry ,  a.  Gaudy  in  dress ; 
showy  without  taste. 

Taw'ny,  a.  Of  a  dull  yellow- 
ish brown  color,  like  tan. 

Tax,  n.  A  rate  assessed  on  a 
person  for  some  public  use ; 
task  exacted.  —  v.  t.  To 
subject  to  pay  a  tax  ;  to  ac- 
cuse; to  charge.        [taxed. 

Tax'a-ble,   a.     Liable  to  be 

Tax-a'tion,  n.  Act  of  im- 
posing taxes;  impost. 

Tax'i-der'my,  n.  Art  of  pre- 
paring the  skins  of  animals, 
so  as  to  represent  their  nat- 
ural appearance. 

Tea,  n.  A  plant,  or  a  decoc- 
tion of  its  dried  leaves. 

Teach,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
taught.]  To  instruct;  to 
inculcate  ;  to  show ;  to  tell. 

Teach'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  taught;  docile. 

Teach'er,  n.  An  instructor. 

Tea'— cup,  n.  A  small  cup  to 
drink  tea  from. 

Teak,  n.  An  East  India  tree, 
and  its  timber. 

Tea'-ket'tle,  n.  A  kettle  to 
boil  water  in  for  making 
tea.  .  [fowl. 

Teal,  n.  A  web-footed  water- 
Team,  n.  Two  or  more  horses 
or  oxen  harnessed  together. 

Team'ster,  n.  One  who 
drives  a  team. 

Tea'-p6t,  n.  A  vessel  in 
which  tea  is  made. 

Tear,  n.  A  drop  of  water  oi 
brine  from  the  eyes. 

Tear,  v.  t.  or  i.  [imp.  tore  ; 
p.  p.  TORN.]  To  pull  asun- 
der ;  to  rend  ;  to  lacerate. 

Tear'ful,  a.  Shedding  tears  ; 
weeping.  [tears. 

Tear'less,   a.      Shedding  no 


a, 8,1,  o,  11,  y,  long;  a,  e,  I,  5,  Q,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  ve.il,  term ;  pVque,  firm 


TEASE 


267 


TENET 


Tea§e,  v.  t.  To  comb  or  card ; 
to  harass  ;  to  vex. 

Tea's/ 1  (te'zl),  n.  A  burr,  or 
oth<  ■  thing  used  for  raising 
a  v      on  woolen  cloth. 

Tt  pobn,  n.  A  small 
spoon,  used  in  drinking  tea, 

Teat,  n.  The  nipple.       [&c. 

Tgeh/nle-al,  a.  Relating  to 
any  art,  science,  or  business. 

Teeh/ni-eal'i-ty,  n.  Quality 
of  being  technical  ;  that 
which  is  technical. 

Teeh/no-lbg'i-e-al,  a.  Of,  or 
pertaining  to,  technology. 

Teeh-nol'o-gy,  n.  A  treatise 
on  the  arts. 

TSch'y,  a.  Peevish;  fretful. 

Te-e-ton'i-c,  a.  Pertaining  to 
building  or  construction. 

Ted'der,  n.     A  tether. 

Te  De'um,  n.  An  ancient 
hymn  of  thanksgiving. 

Te'di-Olis  (or  ted'yus),  a. 
Tiresome,  from  continuance 
or  slowness. — Syn.  Weari- 
some ;  irksome ;  fatiguing. 

Te'di-um,  n.  Irksomeness. 

Teem,  v.  To  bring  forth,  as 
an  animal ;  to  be  prolific. 

Teens,  n.  pi.  Years  between 
twelve  and  twenty. 

Tee'ter,  v.  i.  To  ride  on  the 
end  of  a  balanced  board. 

Teeth  (21),  ».,  pi.  of  Tooth. 

Teeth,  v.  i.  To  breed  teeth. 

Tee-to'tal,  a.  Entire;  total. 

Tee-t5'tal-ism,  n.  Principle 
of  strict  temperance. 

Tee-to'tum,  n.  A  kind  of  top. 

Teg'u-ment,  n.  A  covering. 

TePe-gram,  n.  A  telegraphic 
message  or  despatch. 

Tel'e-graph,  n.  An  appara- 
tus for  communicating  in- 
formation rapidly  between 
distant  places  by  signals. 

TePe-graph'ie,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  a  telegraph. 

Tel'e-s-cope,  n.  An  optical 
instrument  for  viewing  dis- 
tant objects. 

TePe-s-eop'ic,       )  a.       Per- 

TePe-seop'ic-al,  j  taiuing 
to  a  telescope. 

Tell,  V.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
told.]  To  count ;  to  num- 
ber ;  to  relate ;  to  inform.  — 


v.  i.  To  produce  a  marked 
effect. 

TelPer,  n.  One  who  tells ;  an 
officer  of  a  bank  who  counts 
over  money  received,  and 
pays  it  out  on  checks. 

TelP-tale,  n.  An  officious 
informer.  —  a.  Telling  tales. 

Te-mer'i-ty,  n.  Rash  bold- 
ness; foolhardiness. 

Tem'per,  a.  Constitution  of 
mind ;  due  mixture  ;  prone- 
ness  to  anger  ;  state  of  a 
metal  as  to  hardness.  — v. 
't.  (8)  To  mix  in  due  propor- 
tion ;  to  qualify  ;  to  soften  ; 
to  bring  to  a  proper  degree 
of  hardness. 

T6m'per-a-ment,  n.  Internal 
constitution ;  peculiar  phys- 
ical and  mental  character.  . 

Tem'per-ange,  n.  Moderate 
indulgence  of  the  appetites. 

Tem'per-ate,  a.  Moderate ; 
abstemious  ;  sober. 

Tem'per-ate-ly,  adv.  With 
moderation ;  without  excess. 

Tem'per -a-ture,  n.  State 
with  regard  to  heat  or  cold. 

Tem'pest,  n.  A  violent  storm  ; 
commotion ;  tumult. 

Tem-pesfu-oiis,  a.  Stormy ; 
violent;  turbulent. 

Tem'plar,  n.  A  student  of 
law.  [Eng.] 

Tem'ple,«.  An  edifice  erected 
to  some  deity  ;  a  church ; 
flat  part  of  the  head  between 
the  forehead  and  ear. 

Tem'plet,  n.  A  piece  of  tim- 
ber used  in  building. 

Tem'po-ral,  a.  Pertaining  to 
a  temple  ;  pertaining  to  this 
life ;  secular  ;  not  spiritual. 

TenPpo-raPi-tyjtt.  Revenues 
of  an  ecclesiastic,  derived 
from  lands,  tithes,  &c. 

Tem'po-ral-ly,  adv.  With  re- 
gard to  this  life. 

Tem'po-ra-ri-ly  (13),  adv. 
For  a  time  only. 

Tem'po-ra-ry,  a.  Continuing 
for  a  time  onlv ;  transitory. 

Tem'po-rize  .(31),  v.  i.  To 
comply  with  the  time  or  oc- 
casion. 

TSmpt,  v.  t.  To  entice  to  what 
is  wrong ;  to  lead  into  evil ; 


to  venture  on.  —  Syn.  To 
allure;  seduce  ;  solicit. 

Temp-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
tempting  ;  that  which 
tempts ;  trial. 

Tempt'er,  n.  One  who 
tempts,  or  entices  to  evil. 

Ten,  a.    Twice  five :  a  decade. 

Ten'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  held. 

Te-na'cious,  a.  Holdirg  fast ; 
retentive ;  adhesive. 

Te-nac/i-ty,  n.  The  quality 
of  being  tenacious. 

Ten'an-gy,  n.  A  holding  or 
temporary  possession  of 
what  belongs  to  another. 

Ten'ant,  n.  One  who  holds 
lands  or  tenements  of  an- 
other—  v.t.  To  hold  or 
possess  as  a  tenant. 

Ten'ant-a-ble,  a.  Fit  to  be 
rented.  [tenants. 

Ten'ant-ry,  n.     A  body  of 

Tend,  v.  t.  To  watch;  to 
guard ;  to  move  in  a  certain 
direction  ;  to  aim  at  ;  to 
wait  on.—  v.  i.  To  move  ; 
to  aim  ;  to  incline. 

Tend'en-gy,n.  Drift;  direc- 
tion ;  inclination  ;  course. 

Tend'er,  n.  A  small  vessel 
that  attends  a  larger ;  an 
offer.  —  v.  t.     To  offer. 

Ten'der,  a.  Easily  impressed 
or  injured  ;  easily  moved  to 
pity,  forgiveness,  or  favor. 
—  Syn.  Delicate  ;  soft ; 
mild  ;  humane. 

Ten'der-ly,  adv.  Gently  ; 
kindly  ;  softly  ;  mildly. 

Ten'der-loin,  n.  A  fender 
part  of  flesh  in  the  hind 
quarter  of  beef. 

Ten'der-ness,rc.  Quality  of 
being  tender ;  softness. 

Ten'di-noiis,  a.  Full  of  ten- 
dons ;  sinewy. 

Ten'don,  n.  A  hard  insen- 
sible cord  by  which  a  mus- 
cle is  attached  to  a  bone. 

Ten'dril,  n.  A  spiral  shoot 
or  clasper  of  a  vine. 

Ten'e-ment,  n.  A  house  or 
part  of  a  house  for  the  use 
of  one  family. 

Ten'et,  n.  Opinion  ;  prin- 
ciple ;  dogma ;  doctrine. 


son,  6r,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  tdek ;   Urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  -e,  g,  hard;  as. ;  ex,ist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


TENFOLD 


268 


TETRAGON 


TSn'fold,  a.  Ten  times  as 
many  or  much. 

Ten'nis,  n.  A  play  with  rack- 
et and  ball. 

Ten'on,  n.  That  part  of  a 
piece  of  wood  which  is  cut 
to  enter  a  mortise. 

Ten'or  (33),  n.  General 
course ;  purport  ;  higher 
kind  of  male  voice. 

Tense,  a.  Strained  tight.  — 
n.  Form  or  variation  of  a 
verb  to  express  time. 

Tense'ness,M.  State  of  being 
tense ;  stiffness. 

Ten'sion,  n.  Act  or  degree 
of  stretching ;  stiffness ;  elas- 
tic power. 

Tent,  n.  A  portable  lodge  or 
canvas ;  a  roll  of  lint  or  lin- 
en for  surgical  use. — v.  t. 
To  lodge  in  a  tent ;  to  cover 
with  tents;  to  probe. 

Ten'ta-ele,  n.  An  organ  of 
certain  insects  for  feeling  or 
motion.  [al. 

Ten'ta-tive,  a.   Experiment- 

Tent'ed,  a.  Covered  or  fur- 
nished with  tents. 

TSn'ter,  n.  A  frame  with 
hooks  for  stretching  cloth. 

—  v.  t.  To  stretch  on  hooks. 
Tenth,  a.  The  ordinal  often. 

—  n.      One  part  in  ten;   a 
tithe.  [place. 

Tenth'ly,  adv.    In  the  tenth 

Te-nu'i-ty,  n.  Thinness  ; 
slenderness ;  subtilty. 

Tfin'u-ous,  a:  Thin  ;  slender  ; 
small ;  rare  ;  subtile. 

Ten'itre,  n.  Act,  right,  or 
manner,  of  holding. 

Tep'e-fae'tion,  n.  Act  of 
warming. 

Tep'id,  a.  Moderately  warm. 

Te'por,  n.  Gentle  heat. 

Ter'a-phim,  n.  pi.  House- 
hold deities. 

Ter'e-bmth,  n.  The  turpen- 
tine tree. 

Ter'gi-ver-sa/tion  (teVji-), 
n.  A  shifting;  subterfuge. 

Term,  n.  A  boundary  ;  limit- 
ed time ;  word ;  condition  ; 
time  of  session.  —  v.  t.  To 
call ;  to  name. 

Ter'ma-gan-cy,  n.  Turbu- 
lence. 


Ter'ma-gant,  n.  A  brawl- 
ing, turbulent  woman.  — a. 
Quarrelsome ;  shrewish. 

Ter'mi-na-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  bounded  or  ended. 

Ter'mi-nal,  a.  Ending ;  form- 
ing the  end. 

Ter'mi-nate,  v.  t.  To  set 
the  limit  to  ;  to  put  an  end 
to.  —  SYN.  To  limit;  com- 
plete ;  finish  ;  bound.  —  v.  i. 
To  end  ;  to  close. 

Ter'mi-na'tic-n,  n.  Limit ; 
bound  ;  end ;  result. 

Ter'mi-nSl'o-gy,  n.  A  trea- 
tise on  terms ;  terms  used  ; 
nomenclature. 

Ter'mi-nus,  n.  (pi.  Ter'mi- 
nl,  25.)  A  boundary  ;  a 
boundary-stone ;  either  end 
of  a  railroad.  [ant. 

Ter'mite  (18),  n.    The  white 

Ter'na-ry,  a.  Proceeding  by 
threes.  — n.     Three. 

Ter'rage  (18),  n.  A  raised 
bank  of  earth  ;  a  flat  roof. 

Ter'ra  -€6t'ta.  A  kind  of  pot- 
tery made  from  fine  clay. 

Ter'ra-pm,  n.  A  large  kind 
of  turtle  or  tortoise. 

Ter-ra'que-ous,a.  Composed 
of  land  and  water. 

Ter-rene',  a.  Terrestrial ; 
earthly. 

Ter-res'tri-al,  a.  Belonging 
to  the  earth  ;  earthly. 

Ter'ri-ble,  a.  Fitted  to  excite 
terror.  —  Syn.  Fearful  ; 
frightful  ;  formidable  ;  aw- 
ful ;  shocking. 

Ter'ri-bly,  adv.  Frightfully. 

Ter'ri-er,  n.  A  dog  that  pur- 
sues game  into  holes. 

Ter-rif'ie,  a.  Adapted  to  ex- 
cite terror ;  dreadful. 

Ter'ri-fy,  v.  t.    To  frighten. 

Ter'ri-to'ri-al,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  territory. 

Ter'ri-to-ry,  n.  A  tract  of 
land  ;  a  district  of  country. 

Ter'ror,  n.  Great  fear;  dread. 

Ter'ror-i§m,  n.  A  stato  im- 
pressing" terror. 

Terse,  a.  Elegantly  concise. 

Terse'ly,  adv.  Neatly  and 
concisely. 

Terse'ness,  n.  Smoothness 
and  compactness. 


Ter'tian  (tSr'shan),  a.    Hap- 
pening every  third  day. 
Ter'ti-a-ry  (ter'shi-a-ry),  a. 
Third ;  of  tbe  third  forma- 
tion, rank,  or  order. 
Tes'sel-ate,  v.   t.    To  form 
into,  or  lay  with,  checkered 
work. 
!  Tes'sel-a'tion,    n.      Mosaic 
I      work,  or  the  making  of  it. 
i  Test,  n.     A  cupel  to  try  met- 
als ;  critical  examination  or 
1      trial;  standard. — v.  t.     To 
j      try  by  a  fixed  standard ;  to 
I      put_to  proof. 
i  Tes-ta'cean,  n.   A  shell-fish, 
especially  mollusks. 
Tes-ta'ceous,  a.     Having   a 
hard,   continuous  shell,  as 
the  oyster  or  clam. 
Test'a-ment,  n.    A  will ;  one 
of  the  two  general  divisions 
of  the  Scriptures. 
Test'a-ment'a-ry,  a.    Relat- 
ing to,  or  bequeathed  by, a 
will  or  testament. 
Test'ate,  a.     Having  made 
and  left  a  will. 
;  Tes-ta'tor,     n.       One    who 
I      leaves  a  will. 

Tes-ta'trix,n.    A  female  tes- 
I      tator. 

;  Tes'ter,  n.  Top  covering  of  a 
I      bed. 

;  Tes'ti-ele,  n.     A  gland  that 
|      secretes  seminal  fluid. 
Tes'ti-fy,  v.  t.    To  give  testi- 
mony ;  to  bear  witness. 
Tes'ti-ly,  adv.     Peevishly. 
Tes'ti-mo'ni-al,  n.    A  certif- 
icate of  good  character  or 
conduct. 
Tes'ti-mo-ny,    n.      Affirma- 
tion in  proof  of  some  fact. 
—  Syn.     Evidence;  proof. 
Tes'ti-ness,  n.     Peevishness. 
Tes'ty,  a.  Peevish  ;  fretful. 
Tet'a-nus,n.  The  locked-jaw. 
Tete-a-tete     (tat-ii-tat'),    n. 
Lit.,  head  to  head;   hence, 
private  conversation  ;  a  form 
of  sofa  for  two  persons. 
Teth'er,  v.  t.  To  confine  with 
a  rope,  as  a  horse.  —  n.     A 
rope  or  chain  to  confine  a 
beast  in  a  field. 
Tet'ra-gon,  n.   A  figure  with 
four  angles ;  a  quadrangle. 


i  o,  u,y,  lojig,  a,  e,  1, 5,  Q,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  8re,  veil,  t5rm ;  pique,  firm 


TETKAHEDRON 


TSt'ra-he'dron,  n. 
A  solid  figure  in 
closed  by  four 
equal  triangles. 

Te-tram'e-ter,   n. 
A  verse  consisting 
f  four  measures.    Tetrahe 

T      riireh,    n.      A     (irons, 
juian    governor    of     the 
fourth  part  of  a  province. 

Te-trareh'ate,  I  n.    Office  or 

Tet'rarch-y,  j  jurisdiction 
of  a  tetrarch.     [four  verses. 

Te-tras'ti«h,  n.    A  poem  of 

Tit'ter,  n.  A  cutaneous  dis- 
ease, causing  a  troublesome 
itching. 

Teu-tSn'le,  a.  Relating  to  the 
ancient  Germans. 

Text,  n.  A  passage  of  Script- 
ure selected  as  the  subject  of 
discourse  ;  composition  on 
which  a  note  is  written. 

Text'-bdbk,  n.  A  manual  of 
instruction ;  a  school-book. 

Text'-hand,  n.  A  large  kind 
of  writing.        [by  weaving. 

TSx'tile,  a.    Woven ;  formed 

T&xt'u-al,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  contained  in,  the  text. 

Text'u-al-ist.  I  n.  One  versed 

Text'u-a-ry,    I   in  Scripture. 

Text'ure,n.  Manner  of  weav- 
ing ;  fabric  formed  by  weav- 
ing.' 

Than,  conj.  A  particle  ex- 
pressing comparison. 

Thane,  n.  An  Anglo-Saxon 
baron  or  dignitary. 

Thank,  v.  t.  To  express 
gratitude  to  for  a  favor. 

Thank'ful  (17),  a.  Full  of 
gratitude. 

Thank'ful-ly,  adv.  In  a 
thankful  manner ;  grateful- 
ly, [tude. 

Thank 'ful-ness,   n.     Grati- 

Thank'less,  a.  Unthankful; 
ungrateful. 

Thanks,  n.  pi.  Expression 
of  gratitude. 

Thanks'giv-ing,  n.  Act  of 
giving  thanks  ;  a  day  for 
publicly  expressing  grati- 
tude to  God. 

Thank'-wor'thy  (-wuVthy), 
a.     Deserving  thanks. 

That,  pron.  referring  to  some- 


269 

thing  before  mentioned  or 
understood, or  to  something 
more  remote  ;  who ;  which. 
—  conj.  introducing  a  cause 
or  consequence. 

Thatch,  n.  Straw  for  covering 
a  roof.—  v.  t.  To  cover  with 
straw,  reeds,  or  the  like. 

Thaw,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  melt  as 
ice  or  snow.  —  n.  The  melt- 
ing of  ice  or  SJ30W. 

The,  definite  article,  or  defini- 
tive a.  denoting  a  particular 
person  or  thing. 

The'a-ter  )  (29),  n.    A  place 

The'a-tre  j  for  dramatic  ex- 
hibitions, &c. ;  region  of 
operations  of  an  army. 

The-at'rie,       )  a.     Pertain- 

The-at'ri-e-al,  J      ing  to,  or 
|      suiting,  a  theater. 

Thee,    pron.    Objective    case 
;      singular  of  Thou. 

Theft,  n.  A  felonious  taking 
of  property  ;  act  of  stealing ; 
thing  stolen. 

Their  (thar),  a.  pron.  Belong- 
ing to  them. 

Th§ir§,  a.  pron.    Of  them. 
!  The'i§m,  n.    Belief  in  a  per- 
!      sonal  God. 

The'ist,  *.  One  who  believes 
in  a  personal  God. 

The-Ist'i€,       \  a.  Pertaining 

The-ist'i-e-al,  J     to  theism. 

Them,  pron.  Objective  case 
of  They. 

Theme,  n.  Subject  or  topic  ; 
essay  ;  a  radical  verb. 

Them-selves',  pron.;  pi.  of 
|      himself,  herself,  or  itself. 

Then,  adv.  At  that  time  ; 
afterward ;  therefore. — conj. 
In  that  case. 

ThenQe,rt^f.  From  that  place 
or  time. 

Thenge'forth,        )    adv. 

Thenge-f or'ward , j  From 
that  time  onward. 

The-6-C'ra-Qy,  n.  A  govern- 
ment immediately  directed 
by  God. 

The'o-erat'i-e-al,  a.  Relating 
j      to  theocracy. 
i  The-6d'o-lIte,  n.    An  instru- 
i     ment  used  in  surveying. 
j  The'o-16'gi-an,  n.  One  versed 
|      in  theology  ;  a  divine. 


THICK 

The'o-16g'i€,       )  a.  Pertain- 

The'o-log'i-e-al,  j  ing  to 
theology. 

The-61'o-gy,  n.  The  science 
of  God  and  divine  things. 

The-or'bo,  n.  A  musical  in- 
strument like  a  large  lute. 

The'o-rem,  n.  A  statement 
of  a  principle  to  be  demon- 
strated. 

The'o-ret'ie,       \  a.  Pertain- 

The'o-ret'ie-al,  j  ing  to 
theory  ;  speculative  ;  not 
practical. 

The'o-ret'i-e-al-ly,  adv.  In 
theory.  [theorizing. 

The'o  rist,  n.     One  given  to 

The'o-rlze,  v.  i.  To  form 
theories ;  to  speculate. 

The'o-ry  (19),  n.  Specula- 
tion ;  scheme ;  science  as 
distinct  from  art. 

Ther'a-peu'tle,  a.  Pertain- 
ing to  the  healing  art ;  cur- 
ative, [place. 

There  (thar),  adv.    In  that 

There'a-bout',  adv.  Near 
that  place  or  number. 

There-aft'er,  adv.  After  that. 

There-at'.  adv.  At  that  place ; 
on  that  account. 

There-by',  adv.  By  that;  for 
that  cause. 

Therefore  (ther'for  or  tMr'- 
i'or),  adv.  For  this  or  that 
reason ;  consequently,  [this. 

There-m',  adv.    In  that  or 

There-6f  (-off'  or  -6v'),  adv. 
Of  that  or  this.  [this. 

There-6n',  adv.    On  that  or 

There'up-6n',  adv.  Upon 
that  or  this. 

There-with'  (or  -with'),  adv. 
|      With  that  or  this. 
|  Ther'mal,  a.    Warm ;  tepid. 

Ther-m6m'e-ter,  n.  An  in- 
strument for  measuring  tem- 
perature. 

Ther'mo-met'rle-al,  a.  Per- 
taining to  a  thermometer. 

The-sau'rus,  n.  A  treasury  ; 

|      a  storehouse  of  information. 

These,  pron. ;  pi  of  This. 

|  The'sis,  n.  (pi.  The'seg,  25.) 

|      A  theme  ;  an  essay. 

!  Th§y>  VTon-  !  P^  °f  hei  shei 

':      or  it. 

i  Thick,  a.    Not  thin  ;  denie  ; 


son,  6r,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  e,  g,  hard , 


exist ;  q  as  ng  ;  this. 


THICKEN 


270 


THROW 


close;  gross.  —  adv.  Close- 
ly ;  in  quick  succession.  — 
n.     The  thickest  part. 

Thick'en  (thik'n),  t*.  t.  or  i. 
To  make  or  become  thick. 

Thick'et,  11.  A  collection  of 
trees  or  shrubs  closely  set. 

Thick'ly,  adv.  Closely  ; 
densely  ;  deeply. 

Thlck'ness,  n.  The  state  of 
being  thick ;  denseness. 

Thick'-set,  a.  Close  planted; 
having  a  short,  thick  body. 

Thief  (20),  it.  One  who  steals. 

Thieve,  v.  i.  To  steal  or 
practice  theft ;  to  pilfer. 

Thiev'er-y,  ft.  The  practice 
of  stealing ;  theft. 

Thiev'ish,  a.   Given  to  theft. 

Thigh  (thl),  n.  Part  of  the 
leg  above  the  knee. 

Thills,  h.  pi.  Shafts  of  a 
wagon  or  other  carriage. 

Thim'ble,  n.  A  metal  cap  for 
the  finger  in  sewing. 

Thin,  a.  Not  thick  ;  lean  ; 
slender.  —  v.  t.  To  make 
thin  or  thinner ;  to  dilute ; 
to  attenuate ;  to  rarefy. 

Thine,  a.    Belonging  to  thee. 

Thing,  ft.  An  inanimate  ob- 
ject ;  whatever  exists ;  event 
or  action. 

Think,  v.  i.  or  t.  [imp.  fc  p. 
p."  thought.]  To  have 
ideas  ;  to  reflect  ;  to  im- 
agine ;  to  judge. 

Third,  a.  Next  after  the  sec- 
ond. —  n.  A  third  part ;  an 
interval  of  three  tones  in 
music;  (pi.)  the  third  part 
of  an  estate  to  which  a  widow 
is  entitled  by  law. 

Third'ly,  adv.  In  the  third 
place. 

Thirst,  n.   Desire  of  drink.  — 
v.  i.  To  feel  a  want  of  drink  ; 
to  long. 
Thlrst'y,  a.     Suffering  from 
want  of  drink :  dry  :  parched. 
TMr'teen,  a.   Ten  and  three. 
Thirteenth,  a.    Ordinal  of 
thirteen  ;  third  after  tenth. 
Thir'ti-eth,  a.  Next  after  the 
29th ;  being  one  of  30  equal 
parts  of  a  thing. 
Thir'ty,  a.     Thrice  ten. 
This,  pron.  (pi.  These.)  de 


noting  something  present  or  | 
near  iu  place  or  time. 

This'tle  (thVM,  n.  A  prickly 
plant  of  several  genera. 

Thith'er,  adv.  To  that  place,  ! 
point,  or  result. 

Thith'er- ward,  adv.  Toward 
that  place. 

Thole,  ft,  A  pin  in  the  gun- 
wale of  a  boat,  to  keep  the 
oar  in  place* 

Thong,  n.  A  strap  of  leather. 

Tho'rax,  n.  Cavity  of  the 
chest. 

Thorn,  n.  A  prickly  tree  or 
shrub  ;  a  spine ;  a  prickle. 

Thorn'y,  a.     Full  of  thorns. 

Thor'ough  (thur'o),  a.  Pass- 
ing through ;  complete. 

Thor'ough-fare  (thur'o-),  n. 
A  passage. 

Thor'ough-ly  (thuVo-),  adv. 
Completely. 

Thor'ough-wort  (tMhr'o- 
wQrt),  11.  A  medicinal  plant. 

Those,  pron. ;  pi.  of  1'hat. 

TiiO\x,prcn.  denoting  the  per- 
son addressed. 

Though  (tho),  adv.  &  conj. 
Granting  ;  admitting  ;  allow- 
ing; however. 

Thought  (thawt),  imp.  &  p. 
p.  of  Think.— ii.  That  which 
the  mind  thinks  :  idea ;  con- 
ception ;  reflection ;  notion. 

Thought'ful  (thawt'-),  a. 
Given  to  thought ;  contem- 
plative ;  meditative. 

Thoughtless  (thawt'-),  a. 
Heedless  ;  careless.      [dred. 

Thou'sand,rt.orn.  Tenhun- 

Thou'sandth,  a.  Ordinal  of 
thousand. 

Thrall'dom  H9),  n.  Slavery  ; 

Thral'dom   )        bondage. 

Thrash,  v.  t.  To  beat  out 
grain  from  ;  to  beat  sound- 
ly ;  to  drub. 
Thread,  n.  A  small  twist  of 
silk,  cotton,  flax,  &c.  ;  a 
filament.  —  v.  t.  To  put  a 
thread  in  ;  to  pass  through. 
Thrfiad'bare,  a.    Worn  out ; 

common  ;  trite  ;  stale. 

ThrSat,  n.    Denunciation  of 

ill  ;  menace.  [menace. 

Thr6at'en  (thret'n),  v.t.    To 

Threat'en-ing,  a.  Indicating 


a  threat  or  some  danger  ; 
imminent  ;  impending. 

Three,  a.     Two  and  one. 

Three'fold,  a.  Thrice  re- 
peated ;  consisting  of  three. 

Three'penge  (thrip'ens),  n. 
A  coin  worth  three  pennies. 

Three's-eore,  a.  Thrice 
twenty  ;  sixty. 

Thresh,  v.  t.    To  thrash. 

Thresh'old,  n.  The  door  sill; 
entrance  ;  gate. 

Threw  ( thru ),  imp.  of  Throw. 

Thrige,  adv.     Three  times. 

Thrid,  v.  t.  To  slide  or  pass 
through  ;  to  thread. 

Thrift,  11.  \Vise  management ; 
economy  ;  prosperity. 

Thriftless,  a.  Extravagant  ; 
prodigal ;  profuse. 

Thrift'y,  a.  Thriving  by  in- 
dustry. —  Syn.  frugal ; 
careful  ;  economical. 

Thrill,  v.  t.  To  pierce.  —  v.  i. 
To  feel  a  sharp  tingling  sen- 
sation.—  n.  A  warbling  ;  a 
shivering  or  sharp  tingling 
sensation. 
Thrive,  v.  i.  [imp.  thrived; 

p.p.  THRIVED,  THRIVEN.] 

To  prosper  by  industry. 

Thriv'ing  (11),  a.  Flourish- 
ing ;  prosperous. 

Throat,  n.  Fore  part  of  the 
neck  or  something  similar. 

Throb,  v.  t.  To  beat  forcibly  ; 
to  palpitate.  —  n.  A  strong 
pulsation. 

Three,  '  n.  Extreme  pain  ; 
anguish  ;  agony. 

Throne,  n.  A  royal  seat. 

Thr5ng,  n.  A  crowd  of  peo- 
ple ;  a  multitude.  — v.  i.  or 
t.    To  crowd  together. 

ThrSt'tle,  n.    The  windpipe. 

—  v.  i.  or  t.    To  choke. 
Through  ( th  r 6"b ) ,  pre p .  From 

end  to  end  of ;  by  means  of. 

—  adv.  From  one  end  or 
side  to  the  other ;  to  the 
end ;  to  the  ultimate  pur- 
pose. 

Through-out'  (thrOO-out'), 
prep.  Quite  through.  — 
adv.  In  every  part. 

Throve,  imp.  of  Thrive. 

Thrdw,  v.  t.  [imp.  threw; 
p.  p.  THROWN.]     To  fling  : 


T,5,u,  J, long;  a,  6,1, 6,&,$, short ;  care, car, ask,  fill,  what;  ere,  veil,  tErm  ;  pTque,  firm  ; 


THRUM 


271 


TINE 


to  cast ;  to  toss  ;  to  hurl ;  to 

send  ;  to  turn  ;  to  twist.  — 

n.  A  cast ;  a  fall. 
Thrum,  n.,,Ead  of  a  weaver's 

thread  — v.    I.     To    insert 

tufts  in.  —  v.   i.  ■  To   play 

coarsely  or  rudely 
Thrush,  n.    A  i  g  bird  ; 

ulcers  in  the  nrou^n. 
Thrust,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 

THRUST.]  To  push  or  drive 

with  force ;  to  ur^e ;  to  stab. 

—  n.  A  violentipush. 
Thug,  n.   OqqM  a  religious 

association  flW  robbers  and 

assassins  inJKdia. 
Thumb  (thtlP),  ft.  The  short 

thick  finger.  —  v.  t.   To  soil 

or  wear  with  the  thumb  or 

the  fingers. 
Thump,  v.    To  strike  or  beat 

with    something    thick    or 

heavy. — n.     A  heavy,  dull 

blow. 
Thun'der,  n.     Sound  which 

follows  lightning.  —  v.  i.  To 

discharge     electrical     fluid 

with  noise.  [lightning. 

Thun'der-b51t,  n.  A  shaft  of 
Thun'der-show'er,    n.       A 

shower    accompanied    with 

thunder. 
Thun'der-struck,   a.        As- 
tonished; amazed. 
Thurs'day,    n.       The    fifth 

day  of  the  week,  [manner. 
Thus  (2),  adc.  So ;  in  this 
Thwack,  v.  t.     To  beat  ;  to 

bang.  —  ft.    A  heavy  blow  ; 

a  thump. 
Thwart,  v.  t.    To  cross  ;  to 

oppose.  —  a.   Being  across. 
Thy,  a.      Belonging  to  thee. 
Thyme  (Mm),  h.    A  plant. 
Thy-self ,  pron.     An  empha- 
sized form  of  Thou. 
Tl-a'ra  (13),  «.   A 

diadem   ;        the 

pope"s  triple 

crown. 
Tick,  m.     Credit  ; 

an     insect   ;     a  I 

slight    noise  ;    a      Tiara. 

case  for  feathers.  — v.  i    To 

run  upon  credit. 
Tick'en ,    )  n .    Cloth  for  bed- 
Tick'ing,  J     ticks. 
Tick'et,  ft.     A  piece  of  paper 


entitling  to  some  right  or 
privilege. — v.  t.  To  mark 
or  distinguish  by  a  ticket. 

Tick'le,  v.  t.  To  excite  a 
peculiar  thrilling  sensation 
by  the  touch  ;  to  please. 

TIek'lish,  a.  Easily  tickled ; 
liable  to  totter  and  fall  at 
the  slightest  touch. 

Tid'al,  a.    Relating  to  tides. 

Tid'bit,  w.  A  delicate  piece  of 
any  thing  eatable ;  a  dainty. 

Tide,  h.  The  ebb  or  flow  of 
the  waters  of  the  ocean. 

Tide'-wait'er,  n.  An  officer 
who  watches  the  landing  of 
goods,  to  secure  the  pay- 
ment of  duties. 

Ti'di-ly  (13),  adv.  With  neat- 
ness and  simplicity. 

TI'dings,  ft.  pi.  News  ;  intel- 
ligence"; information. 

Ti'dy,  a.  Neat  and  simple.  — 
w.  A  pinafore ;  a  cover  for 
the  back  of  a  chair,  &c. 

Tie  (12),  v.  t.  To  bind  ;  to 
fasten.  — ft.  A  knot;  an  ob- 
ligation ;  bond;  equality,  as 
of  votes. 

Tior,  n.  One  of  two  or  more 
rows,  one  above  another. 

Tierqe  (or  t~rss),  n.  A  cask 
or  measure  holding  forty- 
two  wine  gallons. 

Tiff,  m.  A  small  draught  of 
liquor ;  a  fit  of  anger,  [silk. 

Tirfa-ny,  n.    A  kind  of  thin 

Tl'ger,  ft.  An 
Asiatic  beast 
of  prey. 

Tight  (tit),  a. 
Compact; 
close ;  tense.  Tiger. 

TIght'en  (tlt/n),  v.  t.  To 
make  tight  or  more  tight. 

Tight'ly  (tit'-),  adv.  Closely. 

Tl'gress,  «.    A  female  tiger. 

Til'bu-ry,  ft.  A  kind  of  gig 
without  a  top. 

Tile,  n.  A  thin  piece  of  baked 
clay  for  covering  buildings, 
for  floors,  &c.  —  v.  t.  To 
cover  with  tiles. 

Till,  n.  A  money,  box  in  a 
shop.  —  prep.  Up  to  the 
time  of.  —  v.  t.  To  plow  and 
dress,  as  land  ;  to  cultivate. 

Till'age,  ft.  Culture  of  land. 


<9SL 


Till'er,  n.  Handle  of  a  rud- 
der ;  a  husbandman ;  sprout 
from  a  root  or  stump. —  v.  i. 
To  put  forth  sprouts  from 
the  root  or  stump. 

Tilt,  ft.  An  awning;  a  thrust; 
a  military  exercise ;  a  large 
hammer.  —  v.  t.  To  incline 
to  thrust,  as  a  lance ;  to 
hammer  or  forge.  —  v.  i.  To 
thrust  with  a  lance  ;  to 
fight ;  to  lean  or  fall. 

Tilt'-ham'mer,  n.  A  heavy 
hammer  in  iron  works. 

Tim'ber,  n.  Wood  for  build- 
ing, for  tools,  furniture, 
&c.  ;  a  beam.  —  v.  t.  To 
furnish  with  timber. 

TIm'brel,w.  A  kind  of  drum. 

Time,  ft.  A  particular  part 
of  duration  ;  season  ;  age  ; 
period  ;  the  present  life ; 
repetition  ;  measure  of 
sound.  —  v.  tto.  To  adapt  to 
the  occasion ;  to  mark  the 
time  of. 

Tlme'-keep'er,  n.  A  clock  or 
watch ;  a  time-piece. 

TIme'ly,  a.  In  good  time  ; 
seasonable.  —  adc.  Early  ; 
in  good  time. 

Tlme'-piege,  n.  A  clock  or 
watch ;  a  time-keeper. 

Time'-serv'er,  n.  One  who 
complies  with  the  times  ;  a 
temporizer ;  a  trimmer. 

TIme'-serv  ing,  a.  Obsequi- 
ously complying  with  pre- 
vailing opinions. 

Tim'id,  a.  Wanting  courage. 
—  Syn.  Fearful ;  timorous ; 
cowardly  ;  pusillanimous. 

Ti-mid'i-ty,  ft.  Want  of 
courage.  [id. 

Tim/o-roiis,  a.   Fearful ;  tim- 

Tin,  ft.  A  soft  white  metal  ; 
a  thin  plate  of  iron  covered 
with  tin.  —  f.  t.  To  cover 
with  tin. 

Tin-e'al,  n.     Crude  borax. 

Tinet'ure,  n.  Spirituous  so- 
lution of  a  substance  ;  tinge 
or  shade  of  color  — v.  t.  To 
tinge ;  to  imbue. 

Tfn'der,  »•  Something  very 
inflammable,  for  kindling 
fire  from  a  spark. 

Tine,  «.  A  tooth  or  prong. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  tub,  tdbk ;  Orn,  nje,  pull ;  c,  £,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard;  a;  ;  e\ist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


TIN-FOIL 


272 


TOMB 


Tin'-foil,  n.    Tin  reduced  to 

a  thin  leaf. 
Ting,  v.  t.    To  tinkle. 
Tinge,  n.      A   color  ;   dye  ; 

tincture ;  slight  taste. —  v.  t. 

To  color  ;  to  dye  ;  to  stain  ; 

to  imbue. 
Tm'gle   (ting/gl),  v.  i.     To 

feel    a    sharp    thrilling    or 

pricking  sensation. 
Tink'er,  n.     One  who  mends 

vessels  of  metal.  —  v.     To 

mend,  as  metal  wares. 
Tmk'le,  v.  i.  To  make  small, 

quick,  sharp  sounds,  as  by 

striking  on  metal, 
Tink'ling,  n.  A  small,  quick, 

sharp  metallic  sound. 
Tfn'man,  )  n.  One  who  deals 
Tin'ner,    j      in  tin. 
Tm'ny,  a.    Relating    to,  or 

like,  tin. 
Tin'sel,  n.  A  shining  materi- 
al, more  gay  than  valuable. 

—  a.  Gaudy  ;  showy  to  ex- 
cess.—  v.  t.  (8)  To  adorn 
with  tinsel. 

Tint,  n.     A   slight  coloring. 

—  v.  t.  To  give  a  slight 
coloring  to  ;  to  tinge. 

Tl'ny,  a.  Very  small ;  minute. 
Tip,  n.     The  end  ;  the  point. 

—  v  t.  To  form  a  point 
upon  ;  to  lower  one  end  of, 
as  of  a  cart. 

Tip'pet,  n.  A  covering  of  fur 
for  the  neck. 

Tip'ple,  v.  i.  To  drink  strong 
liquors  habitually. 

TIp'pler,  11.  An  habitual 
drinker  of  strong  liquors. 

Tip'staff,  n.    A  constable. 

Tip'sy,  a.  Partially  intoxi- 
cated ;  half  drunk . 

Tip'toe,  n.  The  tip  or  end 
of  the  toe. 

Ti-rade',  n.  A  strain  of 
violent  invective  or  decla- 
mation. 

Tire,  n.  A  row  or  rank  ;  a 
band  of  iron  for  a  wheel.  — 
V.  t.  or  i.  To  weary  or  be- 
come weary. 

TIr'ed,  a.    Fatigued  ;  weary. 

Tire'some,  a.  Tedious  ;  fa- 
tiguing; wearisome. 

Tire'some-ness,  n.  Tedi- 
ousness. 


Tls'sue  (tTsh'shu),  n.  Cloth 
interwoven  with  gold  or 
silver  \  union  or  texture  of 
anatomical  elements ;  a  con- 
nected series.         [titmouse. 

Tit,   n.      A  small    horse  ;   a 

Tit'bit,  n.  See  Tidbit. 

Tithe,  n.  Tenth  of  any  thing. 

—  v.    t.       To    tax    to    the 
amount  of  a  tenth. 

Tlth/ing-man  (21),  n.  A 
parish  officer ;  a  kind  of 
constable. 

Tit'il-late,  v.  t.  To  tickle. 

Tit'il-la'tion,  n.  Act  of  tick- 
ling ;  any  slight  pleasure. 

Ti'tle,  n.  An  inscription  ; 
right :  appellation  of  honor. 

—  v.  i.    To  name  ;  to  call. 
Tit'mouse  (21),  n.    A  small 

perching  bird. 
TIt'ter,  v.  i.     To  laugh  with 
the  tongue  against  the  up- 
per teeth,  or  with  restraint. 

—  n.     A  restrained  laugh. 
Tit'tle,  n.     A  minute  part; 

a  point;  a  dot ;  a  jot. 

Tit'tle-tat/tle.n.  Idle,  trifling 
talk  ;  an  idle  talker. 

Tit'u-lar,  a.  Existing  in  name 
only ;  nominal. 

Tit'u-la-ry,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  consisting  in,  a  title ; 
nominal. 

To,  prep,  indicating  approach 
and  arrival,  or  motion, 
course,  or  tendency,  [reptile. 

Toad,  n._  A  small  well-known 

Toad 'stool,  n.  A  fungous 
plant ;  a  mushroom. 

Toast,  v.  t.  To  dry  and 
scorch  at  the  fire ;  to  drink 
to  the  health  or  in  honor 
of.  —  n.  Bread  dried  and 
scorched;  a  name  or  senti- 
ment, &c,  honored  by 
drinking. 

To-bae'-eo,  n.  A  plant  used 
for  smoking  and  chewing. 

To-ba€'-eo-nist,  n.  A  dealer 
in,  or  a  manufacturer  of,  to- 
bacco. 

Toe'sin,  n.   An  alarm-bell. 

Tod,  v.  Twenty-eight  pounds. 

To-day',  n.  This  present 
day.  —  adv.    On  this  day. 

Tod'dle,  v.  i.  To  walk  with 
short  steps-,  as  a  child. 


T6d'dy,  n.  A  mixture  of 
spirit  and  water  sweetened. 

Toe  (18),  n.  One  of  the  extrem- 
ities of  the  foot.  —  v.  t.  (11) 
To  touch  with  the  toes. 

To-geth'er,  adv.  In  the  same" 
place  or  time;  in  company. 

Tdg'gle-joint,  n.  An  nf) 
elbow  or  knee  joint.         jj 

Toil,  v.  i.  To  work  hard.  II 
—  n.  (i)  Hard  labor;  M 
a  net  or  snare.  Vk 

Toi'let,  n.  A  dressing  (Jrj 
table ;  dress  ;  attire.  Toggla- 

Toil'some,  a.  Labori-  joint. 
ous_;  wearisome. 

To-kay',  n.  Wine  made  at 
Tokay ,  in  Hungary. 

To'ken  (to/kn),  n.  Some- 
thing intended  to  represent 
another  thing. — Syn.  Sign; 
note ;  symbol ;  badge. 

Told,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Tell. 

Tole,  v.  t.    To  allure  by  bait. 

T61'er-a-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  endured ;  passable. 

T61'er-a-bly,  adv.  Moder- 
ately well ;  passably. 

Tol'er-ange,  n.  Act  of  en- 
during; toleration. 

TSl'er-ant,  a.  Inclined  to 
tolerate ;  indulgent. 

T61'er-ate,  v.  t.  To  allow  by 
not  hindering ;  to  suffer. 

TSPer-a'tion,  n.  Act  of  tol- 
erating; sufferance. 

Toll  (1),  n.  A  tax  for  some 
liberty  or  privilege  ;  a  mill- 
er's portion  of  grain  for 
grinding;  sound  of  a  bell 
rung  slowly.  —  v.  To  ring 
with  slow  and  uniform 
strokes. 

Toll'-bridge,  n.  A  bridge 
where  toll  is  paid  for  passing. 

Toll'-gate,  n.  A  gate  where 
toll  is  paid. 

Toll'-house,  n.  A  house 
where  toll  is  taken. 

T6m'a-hawk,  n.  An  Indian 
war-hatchet.  —  v.  t.  To  cut 
or  kill  with  a  tomahawk. 

To-ma'to,  or  To-ma'to  ( pi. 
To-ma'toc§,  -ma'-  or 
-ma/-,  18),  n.  A  gardeu-plant 
and  its  fruit. 

Tomb  (t(7om),  n.  A  grave; 
a  vault  for  the  dead. 


a,  G,  T,  6,  u,  y,  long ;  a,  6, 1,  o,  a,  y,  short ;  care,  ciir, ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  ve.il,  tC-rm ;  p'.'que,  firm : 


TOMBOY 

T6m'boy,  n.  A  romping  girl. 

Tomb'stone  (tCbml  .ton),  n. 
A  stone  at  a  grave. 

Tome,  n.  A  ponderous  vol- 
ume. 

To-m5r'row,  ft.     Day  aft 
the  present.  — adv.    On  the 
day  after  this. 

Tdm'tit,  ft.     The  titmouse. 

Ton,  ft.     Prevailing  fashion. 

Ton  (tun),  n.  "Weight  of  2000 
gross,  or  2240  pounds ;  40 
cubic  feet. 

Tone,  it.  Sound  or  character 
of  a  sound ;  inflection  ; 
whine  ;  strength  ;  vigor  ; 
spirit.  —  v.  t.  To  utter  with 
a  kind  of  whine ;  to  tune. 

T6ngS,  n.  pi.  Instrument  to 
handle  fire  or  heated  metals, 
and  for  other  purposes. 

Tongue  (tang), n.  The  organ 
of  taste  and  speech,  or  some- 
thing resembling  it ;  a  lan- 
guage ;  speech. 

Tongue'-tied  (tung'-),  a. 
Unable  to  speak  freely. 

Ton'ic,      a.  Increasing 

strength.  —  ft.     A  medicine 
that  increases  the  strength. 

To-night'  (-nit'),  ft.  This 
very  night. 

Ton'nage  (tQn'ej),  n.  Amount 
of  tons ;  duty  by  the  ton. 

Ton'sil,  ft.  One  of  two  glands 
in  the  throat. 

Tonsure  (-shnr),  n.     Act  of 
shaving   the   crown  of   the 
head;  state  of  being  shorn. 
Ton-tine'  (-teen'),  ft.   An  an- 
nuity or  survivorship. 
Too,  adv.     Over;  more  than 

enough ;  also. 
Took,  imp.  of  Take. 
Tool,  n.     An  instrument ;  a 
hireling.  [iar  sound. 

Toot,  v.  i.   To  make  a  pecul- 
Tobth  (21),  n.    A  small  bone 
attached  to  the  jaw  for  chew- 
ing; a  prong. — v.t.  To  in- 
dent ;_to  furnish  with  teeth. 
Tooth'a-che  (-5k),  n.   A  pain 

in  the  teeth. 
Tooth 'less,  a.  Wanting  teeth. 
Tooth '-pick,  n.    An  instru- 
ment for  cleaning  the  teeth. 
T  both/some,  a.    Pleasing  to 
the  taste ;  palatable. 


273 

T6p,  n.    The 

highest  part; 
,   platform 
round      the 
head  of  the 
lower  mast; 
a  toy.  —  v.  i. 
or/.    To  tip;       t,t,1oP. 
to  cap ;      to  rise  above  or 
aloft ;  to  excel. 
To'paz,  n.     A  precious  stone 

of  a  yellowish  color. 
To'per,  n.  One  who  drinks  to 
excess  ;  a  drunkard ;  a  sot. 
To'phet,  n.  Hell. 
Tdp'ic,  ft.  Subject  of  dis- 
course ;  a  matter  treated  of. 
T6p'ie-al,  a.  Pertaining  to  a 

place ;  limited  ;  local. 
T6p'-kn6t  (-not),  n.     An  or- 
namental    bow     worn    by 
women  on  the  head. 
T6p'mast,  ft.  Mast  next  above 

the  lower  mast. 
T6p'm6st,    a.      Uppermost; 

highest. 
To-pog'ra-pher,  n.   A  writer 

on  topography. 
T6p'o-graph'i-e,       )  a.     De- 
Top'o-graph'i-e-al, )      scrip- 

tive  of  a  place. 
To-pog'ra-phy,  n.      Minute 
delineation  and  description 
of  any  place  or  region. 
Top'ple,  v.  i.     To  pitch  for- 
ward ;  to  tumble  down. 
Torch,  it.     A  light  made  of 
some      combustible       sub- 
stance ;  a  flambeau. 
Torch'-light  (-lit),  n.    Light. 

of  a  torch,  or  of  torches. 
Tore,  imp.  from  Tear. 
Tor'ment,  n.    Extreme  pain. 
Tor-ment',  v.  t.    To  put  to 

extreme  pain,  or  anguish. 
Tor-ment'er, )  n.    One  who 
Tor-ment'or, J      torments. 
Torn,  p.  p.  of  Tear. 
Tor-na'do,  n.   A  violent  gust 

of  wind  ;  a  hurricane 
Tor-pe'do,  n.  A  fish  having 
electric  power  :  an  engine  for 
blowing  up  ships ;  a  small 
explosive  fire-work. 
Tor'pid,  a.  Having  lost  mo- 
tion or  the  power  of  feeling. 
—  SYN.  Numb;  dull;  slug- 
gish ;  inactive. 


TOUCHY 

Tor-pid'i-ty,    I  n.      Numb- 
Tor 'pid-ness,  )       ness  ;    in- 
sensibility ;  dullness. 
Tor'por,  n.   Numbness ;  dull- 
ness ;  sluggishness. 
T6r're-fy,  v.  t.  To  parch  ;  to 

roast ;  to  scorch. 
Tor'rent,    ft.         A    violent 
stream.  [parched. 

Tor'rid,  a.     Burning;     hot; 
Tor'sion,  n.  Act  of  twisting ; 
force   with  which   a  thing 
untwists. 
Tort,  ft.  Wrong ;  injury  done. 
Tor'toise 
(tor'tis),n.^rf 
A     reptilejjjj 
inclosed  in>j 
a      hard 
scaly  case. 
Tort'u-ous, 
.    winding  :  deceitful. 
Tort'ure,  n.    Extreme  pain  ; 
anguish  ;    torment.  —  v.  t. 
To     inflict     extreme     pain 
upon ;  to  torment. 
To'ry,  n.      An  advocate  for 
loyal  power ;  a  conservative. 
T6'ry-ism,  n.      The  princi- 
ples of  tories. 
Toss,  v    t.     To  throw  with 
the  hand ;  to  throw  upward, 
or  with   a  jerk.  —  v.  i.    To 
roll  and  tumble  ;  to  writhe. 
—  »i.    Act  of  tossing. 
To'tal,    a.        Whole;    com- 
plete ;    entire.  —  n.       The 
whole  sum  or  amount. 
To-tal'i-ty,  n.      The   whole 
sum,  quantity,  or  amount. 
T6'tal-ly,ac/r.  Wholly  ;  com- 
pletely ;  entirely.* 
TSt'ter,  r.  i.    To  vacillate. 
Touch,  v.  t.   To  come  in  con- 
tact with ;    to  reach  to  ;  to 
feel;    to  affect. — n.     Con- 
tact ;      sense     of    feeling ; 
feature. 
Touch'i-ness,  ft.  Peevishness. 
Toilch'ing,  a.      Adapted  to 

affect  the  feelings. 
Touch '-me-ndt',  n.  A  plant. 
Toiich'-stcn  ,  ft.  A  criterion 

or  test. 
Touch'-wdbd,    n.     Decayed 

wood  that  easily  takes  fire. 
Toiich'y,  a.     Peevish;    irri- 
table; irascible. 


son,  or,  dg,  wolf,  to"b,  tot>k  ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  €,  g,  hard;  a^  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng  ;  this. 
18 


TOUGH 


274 


TRAMPLE 


t 


Tough  (ttlf ),  a.   Flexible  but 

not  brittle;   firm;    strong; 

stiff;  severe;  violent. 
Tough'en  (tuf'n),  v.  To  make 

or  grow  tough. 
Tqu^pee',  n.  A  small  wig. 
Tour  ( tobr),  n.    A  journey  in 

a  circuit;  turn  of  duty. — 

Syn.     Circuit;    excursion; 

jaunt ;  journey. 
Tour'ist  (tobr'ist),   n.     One 

who  makes  a  tour. 
Tour'na-ment  (tQr'-),  n.  A 

mock-fight  or  martial  sport 

on  horseback. 
Tour'ni-quet  (-ket),   n.      A 

surgical  bandage  which  is 

tightened  by  a  screw. 
Touge,  v.  t.  To  pull  and  haul. 
T5w,  n.    Coarse  and  broken 

part  of  flax  or  hemp.  — v.  t. 

To  draw  through  the  water 

by  a  rope. 
Tow'age,  n .    Act  of  towing ; 

price  for  towing. 
To'ward  (to'ard),      )    prep. 
To'wardg  (to'ardz),  J    In  the 

direction    of;    with   respect 

to ;  near  by. 
To'ward,   a.     Apt ;    docile  ; 

teachable  ;  tractable.  [ learn. 
To'ward-ly,  a.  Ready  to 
Tow'el,  n.  A  cloth  for  wiping 

the  hands,  &c. 
Tow'er,  n.    A  high  edifice  ;  a 

citadel.  —  v.  i.    To  be  lofty  ; 

to  soar  aloft. 

ow'er-ing,  a.    Very  high; 

elevated  ;  soaring. 
ToW'-dlne,  n.  A  rope  for  tow- 
ing a  shjp,  &c. 
Town,  n.    A  large  collection 

of  houses  ;  the  inhabitants. 
Town'ship,  n.    Territory  or 

district  of  a  town. 
Towns/man  (21),  n.    One  of 

the  same  town. 
Town'-talk  (-tawk),n.  Com- 
mon talk  of  a  place. 
TSx'i-eol'o-gy,  n.     The  sci- 
ence which  treats  of  poisons. 
Toy,  n.  A  plaything ;  a  trifle ; 

folly  ;  sport. — v.  t.  To  dally  ; 

to  trifle.  [deals  in  toys. 

Toy'man  (21),  n.    One  who 
Toy'-shop,  n.    A  shop  where 

toys  are  sold. 
Trace,  n.      A  footprint;    a 


track ;  a  vestige  ;  mark  ; 
token  ;  {pi.)  the  straps  of  a 
harness  for  drawing.  —  v.  t. 
to  delineate  by  marks  ;  to 
follow  by  footprints  or  some 
other  mark,     [being  traced. 

Trace'a-ble  (ll),a-  Capable  of 

Tra'cer-y,  n.  Ornamental 
work  in  architecture. 

Tra'-ehe-a,  n.    The  windpipe. 

Track  (5),  n.  A  footstep; 
path  ;  road,  as  of  a  railway. 

—  v.i.    To  follow  by  traces. 
Track'less,   a.     Having    no 

trade ;  untrodden. 

Traet,  n.  Region  of  indefinite 
extent ;  a  short  treatise,  esp. 
one  on  practical  religion. 

Tra-et'a-ble,  a.  Easily  man- 
aged ;  docile. 

Traet'a-bil'i-ty,  n.  State  or 
quality  of  being  manageable. 

Trae'tate,  n.    A  treatise. 

Tra-et'ile,fl.  Capable  of  being 
drawn  out  in  length. 

Tra-e-til'i-ty,  n.  Capacity  of 
being  drawn  out  in  length. 

Trae'tion,».  Actof drawing. 

Tra-e'tive,  a.  Serving  to 
draw ;  attracting. 

Trade,  n.  Commerce ;  traffic, 
business  ;  calling.  —  v.  i.  To 
buy  or  sell ;  to  traffic  ;  to 
deal.  [trade. 

Trad'er,  n.     One  engaged  in 

Tradesman  (21),  n.  A  shop- 
keeper. 

Trade'- wind,  n.  A  periodi- 
cal wind  across  the  ocean  in 
or  near  the  torrid  zone. 

Tra-di'tion  (-dish'un),  n.  De- 
livery ;  oral  account  trans- 
mitted from  father  to  son. 

Tra-di'tion-al      I       (-dlsh'- 

Tra-di'tion-a-ry  J  un-),«. 
Delivered  or  communicated 
by  tradition. 

Tra-duge',  v.  t.  To  defame ; 
to  slander  ;  to  vilify. 

Traffic,  n.  Dealing  for  pur- 
poses of  any  kind.  —  Syn. 
Commerce  ;    trade  ;   barter. 

—  v.  ?'.  (6)  To  buy  and  sell ; 
to  barter ;  to  trade. 

TraP fick-er  (G),  n.  A  trader. 
Tra-ge'di-an,  n.      An  actor 

or  a  writer  of  tragedies. 
Trag'e-dy,  n.      A  dramatic 


poem  representing  some  ac- 
tion having  a  fatal  issue. 

Trag'i-e.       \a.     Relating  to 

Trag'ie-al,  J    tragedy  ;  fatal ; 

.  calamitous ;  mournful. 

Trag'  i-eom'e-dy ,  n.  A  com- 
position partaking  of  the 
nature  both  of  tragedy  and 
comedy. 

Trail,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  draw 
along  the  ground.  ■ —  n. 
Scent  left  on  the  ground;  a 
track  ;  any  thing  drawn. 

Train,  v.  t.  To  draw  along; 
to  trail ;  to  allure  ;  to  exer- 
cise ;  to  discipline ;  to  edu- 
cate, or  bring  up.  — n. 
Something  drawn  along  ; 
trail  ;  tail  ;  retinue  ;  pro- 
cession ;  line,  as  of  cars ; 
series ;  process. 

Train'-bands,  n.pl.    Militia. 

Train'-oil,  n.  Oil  obtained 
from  the  blubber  or  fat  of 
whales  by  boiling. 

Traipse,  v.  i.  To  walk  slut- 
tishly  or  carelessly. 

Trait,  n.  A  stroke ;  a  marked 
feature  or  peculiarity. 

Trai'tor,  n.  One  who  vio- 
lates his  allegiance  or  his 
trust;  one  guilty  of  treason. 

Trai'tor-ous,  a.  Treacher- 
ous ;  guilty  of  treason  ; 
faithless ;  disloyal. 

Trai'tress,  n.  A  female  trai- 
tor, [cast  through. 

Tra-je-et',  v.  t.     To  throw  or 

Tra-jSe'tion,  n.  A  throwing 
or  casting  through  or  across. 

Tra-je-et'o-ry,  n.  A  curve 
which  a  moving  body  de- 
scribes in  space. 

Tram,  n.  A  coal-wagon,  or 
one  of  the  rails  on  which  it 
runs. 

Tram'mel,  v.  A  shackle  ;  a 
hook.  —  v.  l.  (8)  To  catch; 
to  shackle ;  to  confine. 

Tra-mon'tane,  or  Tram 'on - 
tane,  a.  Lying  or  being  be- 
yond the  mountain ;  foreign; 
barbarous. 

Tramp,  v.  To  tread;  to 
travel. —  n.  Afoot-traveler. 

Tramp'er,  n.  One  who 
tramps  ;  a  vagrant.       [foot. 

Tram'ple  ,v.t.  To  tread  under 


5,6,1,5,  u,  y,  long  ;  a,  C,  T,  5,6,?,  short ;  care,  ear,  ask,  all,  what ;  fi 


iil,  term  ;  pique,  firm ; 


Tra 


TRANCE 


nge,  n.  A  state  of  insen- 
sibility ;  catalepsy  ;  ecstasy. 

Tran'quil  (tnujk/wil),  a. 
Quiet;  calm;  peaceful;  un- 
disturbed. 

Tran'quil-ize  ){7),v.t.    To 

Tran'quil-llze  j  quiet ;  to 
render  calm  ;  to  allay. 

Tran-qmTli-ty(7),n.  Quiet- 
ness ;  a  calm  state. 

Tran'quil-ly,  adv.  Peace- 
fully ;  quietly  ;  calmly. 

Trans-aet',  v.  t.  To  do ;  to 
perform ;  to  conduct. 

Trans-s-e'tion,  n.  Perform- 
ance ;  management ;  act  or 
affair,  [transacts. 

Trans-act'or,  n.      One  who 

Trans-al'pine,  a.  Being  be- 
yond the  Alps  in  regard  to 
Rome. 

Trans 'at-lan'ti-c,  a.  Being 
beyond,  or  on  tbc  other  side 
of,  the  Atlantic. 

Tran-sgend',  v  t.  To  go  be- 
yond ;  to  surpass  ;  to  exceed. 

Tran  sgend'enge.  n.  State 
of  being  transcendent ;  su- 
poreminent. 

Trail  sgend'ent,  a.  Surpass- 
ing ;  pre-eminent. 

Tran'sgend-ent'al,  a.  Su- 
pereminent  ;  surpassing 
others ;  vague  and  illusive. 

Tran-sg6nd'ent-ly,  adv.  Su- 
pereminently ;  most  excel- 
lently. 

Tran-seribe',  v.  t.  To  copy  ; 
to  writeoveragain,orin  the 
same  words.       [an  original. 

Tran'seript,  n.  A  copy  from 

Tran-serip'tion,  n.  Act  of 
transcribing,  or  copying. 

Tran'sept,  n.  Part  of  a 
church  at  right  angles  to 
the  body. 

Trans-fer',  v.  t.  To  convey 
from  one  place  or  person  to 
another;  to  sell;  to  alienate. 

Trans'fer,  n.  Conveyance  to 
another ;  removal. 

Trans-fer'a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  transferred. 

Trans'fer-enge,  )  n.   Act  of 

Trans-fer'renge,  J  transfer- 
ring ;  transfer. 

Trans- fer'ri-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  transferred. 


275 

Trans  'u-ra'tion,  n.  A 
cfl  of  form  or  appear- 

ance. 

Trans-fig'ure,  v.  t.  To 
change  the  outward  form  or 
appearance  of. 

Trans -fix',  v.  I.  To  pierce 
through. 

Trans-form',  v.  t.  To  change 
the  form  or  appearance  of; 
to  metamorphose. 

Trans'for-ma/tion,  n.  Meta- 
morphosis ;  change  of  form. 

Trans-fu§e',  v.  t.  To  pour 
out  of  oue  into  another. 

Trans-fu'§ion,  n.  Act  of 
pouring  from  one  vessel  into 
another. 

Trans-gress',  v.  t.  To  over- 
pass, as  a  rule ;  to  break  ; 
to  violate.  — 1\  i.     To  sin. 

Trans-gres'sion  (-gresh'un), 
n.     Violation  of  a  law  ;  sin. 

Trans-gress'or,  n.  One  who 
transgresses. 

Tran'sient  (-shent)  a.  Pass- 
ing ;  hasty  ;  not  stationary. 

Tran'sient-ly,  adv.  Por  a 
short  time. 

Tran'sit,  n.  A  passing,  as  of 
goods  through  a  country, 
or  as  a  planet  over  the  sun's 
disk  ;  a  line  of  passage. 

Tran-si'tion  (-slzh'un  or 
-zTsh'un),  n.  Passage  from 
one  place  or  state  to  an- 
other; change. 

Tran-si'tion-al  (-sizh'un-  or 
-zlsh'un-),  a.  Involving,  or 
denoting,  transition. 
I  Tran'si-tlve,  a.  Expressing 
aetion  passing  from  an  agent 
to  an  object. 

Tran'si-to-ry,  a.  Continu- 
ing but  a  short  time  ;  fleet- 
ing ;  transient. 

Trans-late',  v.  t.  To  re- 
move ;  to  render  into  another 
language  ;  to  interpret  ;  to 
explain  in  other  words. 

Trans-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
translating  ;  that  which  is 
translated ;  a  version. 

Trans-la'tor,  n.  One  who 
translates. 

Trans-lu'gent,  a.  Transmit- 
ting ra\s  of  light,  but  not 
transparent. 


TRANSPOSE 

Trans'ma-rine'  (-reen'),  a. 
Lying  beyond  the  sea. 

Trans'mi-grate,  v.  i.  To 
pass  from  one  country  or 
body  to  another. 

Trans'mi-gra'tion,  n.  A 
passing  from  one  country  or 
body  to  another. 

Trans-mis 'si-ble,  a.  Capa- 
ble of  being  transmitted. 

Trans-mis'sion  (-mlsh'un), 
11.  Act  of  transmitting  ;  state 
of  being  transmitted. 

Trans-mis'sive,  a.  Capable 
of  being  transmitted. 

Trans-mit',  r.  t.  To  send 
from  one  person  or  place  to 
another.  [sion. 

Trans-mit'tal,«.    Transmis- 

Trans-mu'ta-ble,  a.  Capa- 
ble of  being  transmuted. 

Trans'mu-ta'tion,  n.  Change 
into  another  substance,  na- 
ture, or  form. 

Trans-mute',  v.  t.  To  change 
into  another  substance,  na- 
ture, or  form  ;  to  transform. 

Tran'som,  n.    A  cross-beam. 

Trans-par'en-gy,  n.  Quali- 
ty of  being  transparent. 

Trans-par'ent,a.  Transmit- 
ting rays  of  light,  so  that 
bodies  can  be  distinctly 
seen  ;  clear. 

Trans-pierge',  v.  t.  To  pierce 
through. 

Tran'spi-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of 
passing  through  pores. 

Tran-spire',  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
emit  in  vapor ;  to  become 
publicly  known. 

Trans-plant',  v.  t.  To  re- 
|  move  and  plant  in  another 
|      place. 

Trans' plan-ta'tion,  n.    Act 

|      of  planting  in  another  place. 

|  Trans'port,  n.      A  ship  for 

|      transportation  ;       passion  ; 

ecstasy ;  rapture. 

Trans-port', «. '*.  To  convey; 
j      to  carry   into  banishment ; 

to  ravish  with  pleasure. 
'  Trans'por-ta'tion,  n.  Act  of 
i      transporting  ;  banishment. 
!  Trans-pos'al,   n.        Act  of 
!      transposing. 

Trans-pose',  v.  t.  To  put 
I      each  in  place  of  the  other. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  tot),  tdbk  ;  Grn,  rne,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  a3  ng  ;  this. 


TRANSPOSITION 


276 


TRIAD 


To  trap ;  to 

A  snare. 

A  door  in  a 


Tr&ns'po-gi'tion  (-zisb/un), 
n.  Mutual  change  of  places. 

Trans-ship',  v.  I.  To  trans- 
fer from  one  ship  or  convey- 
ance to  another. 

Tran '  sub  -  stan '  ti  -  a '  tion , 
(-shi-a/-),  n.  A  supposed 
change  of  the  bread  and 
wine,  in  the  eucharist,  into 
the  real  body  and  blood  of 
Christ. 

Tran- sude'.f.  t.  To  pass  out 
through  the  pores,  as  sweat. 

Trans' verse,  n.  The  longer 
axis  of  an  ellipse. 

Trans- verse',  a.  Lying  in  a 
cross  direction. 

Trap,  it.  A  contrivance  for 
catching  animals  ;  a  snare  ; 
a heavy  igneous  rock.  — v.  t. 
or  i.  To  catch  in  a  trap  ;  to 
insnare. 

Tra-pan',  v.  t. 
insnare.  —  n. 

Trap'-ddbr,  n. 
flooror  roof. 

Tra-pe'zi-um,  n. 
A  plane  figure 
contained  under 
four  right  lines, 
of  which  no  two  Trapezium 
are  parallel . 

Trap'e-zoid,  n.  A 
plane,  four-sided 
figure,  having 
two  of  the  oppo-  Trapezoid,  j 
site  sides  parallel  to  each  J 
other.  [ments. 

Trap'ping§,    n.    pi.      Orna- 

Trash,  n.  Any  waste  or 
worthless  matter. 

Trash'y,  a.  Waste ;  worthless. 

Trav'ail,  v.  i.  To  toil ;  to 
suffer  the  pains  of  child- 
birth.—  n.      Toil;  labor  in 

—childbirth. 

Trav'el  (8),  v.  i.  To  make  a 
journey  or  voyage ;    to  go. 

—  n.     A  juurney  or  voyage 
Trav'el  er   l(8),n.    One  who 
Trav'el -ler)         travels. 
Trav'erse,  o.     Lying  across. 

—  v.t.     To  cross  ;  to  deny. 

—  n.     A  barrier  or  obstruc-  j 
tion ;  a  denial. 

Trav*es-ty,  n.  A  parody.  — 
v.t.  To  translate  so  as  to 
turn  to  ridicule  ;  to  parody. 


[Z\ 


Tray,  n.    A  waiter  or  salver ; 

a  small  trough. 
Treach'er-ous,  a.  Faithless ; 

false;  perfidious. 
Treach'er-y,  n.  Violation  of 

faith ;  perfidy. 
Trea'ele,  n.     A  thick  sirup 

produced  in  refining  sugar  ; 

molasses. 
Tread,  v.  i.  [imp.  trod  ;  p. 

p.   TROD,     TRODDEN.]   To 

step ;  to  set  the  foot ;  to 
walk.  —  v.  t.  To  step  or 
walk  on  ;  to  trample.  —  n. 
Manner  of  stepping. 

Tread'le,  I  n.     The  part  of 

Trfid'dle,  J  a  loom,  &c, 
which  is  moved  by  the  foot. 

Tread'-mill,  a.  A  mill  worked 
by  persons  treading  on  a 
wide  horizontal  wheel. 

Trea'§on,  n.  Violation  of 
ahegiance;  disloyalty. 

Trea'son-a-ble,  a.  Partak- 
ing of,  or  pertaining  to, 
treason ;  traitorous. 

Treas'ure  (treWjjr),  n. 
Wealth  accumulated ;  great 
abundance ;  that  which  is 
highly  valued.  —  v.  t.  To 
lay  up  ;  to  hoard. 

Treas/ur-er,  n.  An  officer 
in  charge  of  a  treasury. 

Treas'ur-y  ( trezh'ur- ) ,  n.  A 
place  where  public  money 
is  kept  ;  financial  depart- 
ment of  a  government. 

Treat,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  handle ; 
to  use  ;  to  manage  ;  to  ne- 
gotiate; to  entertain. — n. 
Entertainment  given. 

Trea'tise  (18),  n.  A  written 
discourse;  a  dissertation. 

Treat'ment,  n.  Manner  of 
treating:  management. 

Trea'ty  (19),  n.  A  formal 
agreement  between  two  or 
more  independent  states  or 
sovereigns.  —  Syn.  Nego- 
tiation ;  compact. 

Treb'le,«.  Threefold;  triple. 
—  v.  To  make  or  become 
threefold. — n.  Highest  part 
in  music ;  soprano. 

Trfib'ly.  adv.  In  a  threefold 
number  or  quantity. 

Tree  (18),  n.  The  largest  of 
the  vegetable  kind  ;    a  per- 


ennial plant  consisting  of  a 
trunk,  roots, and  branches. 

Tree'nail  {commonly  pron. 
trun'nel),  n.  A  long  wooden 
pin  to  fasten  the  planks  of  a 
ship. 

Tre'foil,  n.  A  A  Wift 
three  -  leaved  i^.  W  <Ss> 
plant  of  many  Trefoils, 
species ;  an  architectural  or- 
nament of  thiee  cusps  in  a 
circle. 

Trel'lis,  n.  A  frame  of  cross- 
barred  work ,  or  lattice-work, 
used  for  various  purposes. 

Trem'ble,  v.  i.  To  shake  or 
quake ;  to  quiver  ;  to  shud- 
der ;  to  quaver. 

Tre-men'dous,  a.  Terrible; 
awful;  frightful. 

Tre'mor,  or  Trem'or,  n.  An 
involuntary  trembling. 

Trem'u-lous,  a.  Trembling; 
shaking ;  quivering. 

Trench,  v.  t.  To  cut  or  dig, 
as  a  ditch. — v.i.  To  en- 
croach.—  n.  A  ditch  ;afosse. 

Tren'chant,  a.  Cutting; 
sharp  ;  severe  ;  unsparing. 

Trench'er,  n.  One  who  digs 
a  trench  ;  a  wocden  plate. 

Trench'er- man  (21),  n.  A 
great  eater :  a  gormandizer. 

Trend,  v.  i.  To  run  ;  to  tend. 

Tre-pan',  n.  A  cylindrical 
saw  for  perforating  the 
skull.  —  v.  t.  To  cut  with  a 
trepan,  as  the  skull. 

Tre-phme',  or  Tre-phme', 
n.  A  circular  or  cylindrical 
saw  for  trepanning. 

Trep'i-da'tion,  n.  A  trem- 
bling ;  a  state  of  terror. 

Tres'pass,  v.  i.  To  intrude  ; 
to  transgress ;  to  offend.  — 
77.  Violation  of  another's 
rights:  transgression. 

Tress,  n.  A  braid,  knot,  or 
curl  of  hair ;  a  ringlet. 

Tres'tle  (trSs'l),  n.  A  frame 
to  support  any  thing. 

Tret,  n.  An  allowance  for 
waste,  after  tare  is  deducted. 

Trev'et,  n.  A  three-legged 
stool.  [or  dice. 

Trey,  n.     The  three  at  cards 

Trl'ad,  n.  A  union  of  three ; 
three  things  united. 


ft,  €, 1, 5,  u,  y,  long;  a,  S,  i,  o,  Q, y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  ah,  what ;  ere,  veil,  t5rm  ;  p.'que,  firm  ; 


TRIAL 


277 


Tri'al,n.  Act  of  trying;  exam-!      valut    '      aportance.—  v.  i. 

ination ;  experiment ;  test.     \      To  act  _,r  talk  with  levity. 
Tri'an-gle,  n.     A  figure  of;  Tri'fiing,a.  Of  little  value  or 
three  angles  and  three  sides.  |     importance;     trivial.  —  n. 
Employment  in    things  of 
„     A      A      y/f\  no  importance 

AZf\  A  Af  l£± 


Triangles. 
1,  equilaternl  triangle;  2, isosceles 


triangle;  3,  right-angled  trian- 

fle;  4,  obtuse-angled  triangle; 
,  scalene  triangle.  1,  2,  anil  5, 
are  also  acute-angled  triangles. 

Tri-an'gu-lar, 
three  angles 


Tri-fo'li-ate,a.  Having  three 

leaves.  [form  or  shape. 

Tri'form,  a.    Having  a  triple 

Trig  (7),  v.  t.      To  stop  or 

fasten,  as  a  wheel. 
Trig'ger,n.     Catch  of  a  gun 
or  pistol. 
Having    TrI'glyph, «.  An  ornament  in 
I      the  frieze  of  Doric  columns. 


Tribe,  n.    A  family  or  race  ;    Trig/o-no-met'ri-e-al,  a.  Per- 

a  class  or  division.  [Miction,  j      taining  to  trigonometry. 
Trib'u-la'tion,  n.  A  great  af-  ■  Trig/c-n6m'e-try,n.    Art  of 
TrI-bu'nal,  n.      A  court  of  |  _ measuring  triangles 
justice 


|  Tri'graph,  n.     Three  letters 
An  ancient  Ro- 1      used  to  express  one  sound. 


Trib'une,  n 
man  magistrate  ;  a  kind  of 
pulpit. 

Trib'u-ta-ry,  a.  Subject  to 
tribute;  paying  tribute. — 
n.  One  who  pays  tribute. 

Trlb'ute,n.  A  periodical  tax 
paid  as  an  acknowledgment 
of  submission.  [instant. 

TriQe,  n.     A  short  time ;  an 

Trick,  n.  An  artifice  for  the 
purpose  of  deception  ;  strat- 
agem ;  wile. — v.  t.  To 
cheat ;  to  deceive  ;  to  deco- 
rate.       3 

Trick'er-y,  n.  Artifice ; 
knavery  ;  dressing  up.    [ful.  j 

Trick'ish,  a.    Knavishly  art-  j 

Trick'le,  V.  i.  To  ilow  In 
small,  slow  drops.       [cheat,  i 

Trick'ster,n.     A  deceiver;  a 

Tri'-eol-ored,  a.  Composed 
of  three  colors. 

Tri-eus'pid,  a.  Having  three 
cusps,  or  points. 

Tri'dent,  n.  A  scepter  with 
three  prongs. 

Tri-dent'ate,  a.  Having 
three  prongs. 

TrI-en'ni-al,  a.  Happening 
every  third  year;  lasting 
three  years. 

Tri-en'ni-al-ly,  adv.  Once 
in  three  years. 

Tri'er,  n.    One  who  tries. 

Tri'fid,a.  Divided  into  three 
parts. 

TrI'fle,  n.    A  thing  of  little 


Tri-he'dral,  a.  Having  three 
equal  sides  or  faces. 

TrI-he'dron,  n.  A  figure 
having  three  equal  sides. 

Trl-lat'er-al,a.  Having  three 
sides.  [three  letters. 

Trl-lft'er-al,  a.  Consisting  of 

Trill  (1),  n.  A  shake  or 
quaver  of  the  voice  in  sing- 
ing.—  v.  t.  To  quaver  or 
shake ;  to  flow  in  drops. 

Trill'ion  (trll'yun),  n.  In 
Eng.,  a  million  raised  to  the 
third  power;  in  Amer.,  a 
thousand  billions. 

Trim,  a.  Nice;  neat;  com- 
pact ;  tight.  —  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
make  trim ;  to  dress  :  to 
prune ;  to  balance,  as  a  ves- 
sel. —  v.  i.  To  fluctuate  in- 
tentionally between  parties. 
—  n.  Dress ;  condition. 

Trim'mer,  n.  One  who  trims  ; 
a  time-server. 

Trim'ming,  n.  Ornamental 
appendages,  as  of  a  garment. 

Trine,  a.  Threefold. — n. 
Distance  of  120  degrees  be- 
tween planets. 

Trm'i-ta'ri-an,a.  Pertaining 
to  the  Trinity.  —  n.  One 
who  believes  in  the  Trinity. 

Trin'i-ty,  n.  Union  of  three 
persons  (Father,  Son,  and 
Holy  Spirit)  in  one  Godhead. 

Trink'et,  n.  A  small  orna- 
ment, as  a  jewel  or  ring. 


TRITURATE 

Tri-no'mi-al,  n.    A  quantity 

consisting  of  three  terms. 
Trl'o,   or   Tri'o  (18),    n.   A 
piece  of  music  for  three  per- 
formers ;  three  together. 

Trip,  v.  t.  To  step  lightly  and 
quickly ;  to  stumble  ;  to 
err.  —  v.  t.  To  cause  to 
trip  ;  to  supplant.  —  n.  Ex- 
cursion ;  stumble  ;  error. 

Trip'ar-tIte,or  Tri-partlte, 
a.  Divided  into  three  parts. 

Tripe,  n.  The  large  stomach 
of  the  ox,  cow,  &c,  pre- 
pared for  food. 

Tri-per'son-al,  a.  Consisting 
of  three  persons. 

Trip'-ham/mer,  n.  A  heavy 
hammer  moved  by  project- 
ing teeth  on  a  revolving 
shaft. 

Triph'thong  (trif-  or  trip'-), 
n.  A  union  of  three  vowels 
in  a  syllable,  nsieu  in  adieu. 

Triph'thSn'gal  (trif-  or 
trip-),  a.  Pertaining  to  a 
triphthong. 

Trip'le  (trip/1),  a.  Treble; 
threefold.  —  v.  t.  To  make 
threefold ;  to  treble. 

Trip'let,  n.  Three  verses  that 
rhyme  ;  three  of  a  kind. 

Trip'li-eate,  a.     Threefold. 

Tri-plic/i-ty,  n.  State  of  be- 
ing threefold.        [three  feet. 

Tri'pod,    n.       A  stool  with 

Tri-sS-et',  v.  t.  To  cut  into 
three  equal  parts. 

Tri-se-e'tion,  n.  A  division 
into  three  equal  parts. 

Tris'yl-lab'ie,  a.  Consist- 
ing of  three  syllables. 

Tri-syl'la-ble,  n.  A  word 
composed  of  three  syllables. 

Trite,  a.  Worn  out ;  stale  ; 
hackneyed ;  common. 

Trl'the-i§m,  n.  A  belief  in 
three  Gods. 

Tri'the-ist,  n.  One  who  be- 
lieves in  three  Gods. 

Tri'the-ist'ie,  a.  Pertaining 
to  tritheism. 

Trit'u-ra-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  triturated. 

Trit'u-rate,  v.  t.  To  reduce 
to  a  fine  powder  by  pound- 
ing or  grinding  ;  to  grind  ; 
to  pound. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  to~o,  tcTok  ;  firn,  rye,  pull ;  ^,  g,  soft ;  e,  g,  hard  ;  as  ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  this. 


TRITURATION 

Trit/u-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of  trit- 
urating. 

Tri'umph,  n.  Pomp  or  joy 
for  victory  or  success ;  vic- 
tory. —  v.  t.  To  rejoice  at 
success  ;  to  obtaiu  victory  ; 
to  prevail. 

Trl-umph'al,     )  a.  Celebrat- 

Tri-umph'ant,  j  ing  victory. 

Trl-um'vir,  n.  One  of  three 
men  united  in  office. 

TrI-um'vi-rate,  n.  Govern- 
ment by  three  men. 

Trl'une,«.  Being  three  in  one. 

TrI-u'ni-ty,  n.  State  of  being 
triune.  [stool  or  table. 

Tnv'et,    n.     A  three-legged 

Triv'i-al,  a.  Trifling  ;  light ; 
worthless  ;  inconsiderable. 

Tro'-ear,  n.  An  instrument 
to  tap  dropsical  persons. 

Trod,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Tread. 

TrSd'den,  p.  p.  of  Tread. 

Tr511,  v.  t.  To  roll ;  to  turn ; 
to  utter  volubly ;  to  entice ; 

—  v.  i.     To  fish  by  drawing 
the  bait  through  the  water. 

Trol'lop,  n.     A  slattern. 
Trom-bone',  n.  A  deep-toned 

brass    instrument    of     the 

trumpet  kind. 
Troop,  n.    A  company,  esp. 

of  soldiers  :  an  army.  —  v. 

?'._To  march  in  a  body. 
Troop'er,  n.  A  horse-soldier. 
Trope,  n.    Use  of  a  word  in  a 

figurative  sense. 
Tro'phied,  a.    Adorned  with 

trophies. 
Tro'phy  (19),  n.   A  memorial 

of  victory  in  battle. 
Trdp'i-e,  n.   Line  that  bounds 

the  sun's  greatest  declina- 
tion from  the  equator. 
Tr6p'i€-al,  a.    Pertaining  to, 

or  being  within,  the  tropics ; 

figurative  ;  metaphorical. 
Tr6t,  v.  i.  To  move  in  a  trot. 

—  n.     A  peculiar  pace  of  a 
horse,  faster  than  a  walk. 

Tr6th,  n.     Truth  ;  fidelity. 

TrSt'ter,  n.  A  beast  that 
trots  ;  foot,  as  of  a  sheep. 

Troub'le,  v.  t.  To  disturb  ; 
to  annoy.  —  n.  Disturb- 
ance :  annoyance. 

Troub'le-some,  a.  Giving 
trouble.  —  Syn.  Harassing ; 


278 

annoying ;  wearisome  ;  vex- 
atious, [order. 

Troub'lous,  a.    Pull  of  dis- 

Trough  (trawf),  n.  A  long 
hollow  vessel  or  receptacle. 

Trounge,  v.  t.  To  beat  or 
punish  severely. 

Trow'sers,  I  n.   pi.        Loose 

Trou'sers",  )      pantaloons. 

Trous'seau'  (trob-so'))  n. 
Outfit  of  a  bride. 

Trout  (24),  n.  A  fresh- water 
fish  of  the  salmon  kind, 
esteemed  most  delicate  food. 

Tro'ver,  n.  An  action  for 
goods  found  and  not  deliv- 
ered to  the  owner  on  de- 
mand. 

Trow,  v.  i.  '  To  suppose  or 
think. 

Trow'el,  n.  A  tool  for  laying 
bricks  and  stones  ia  mortar. 

Troy'-weight  (-wat),  n.  A 
weight  of  12  oz.  to  the 
pound,  for  weighing  gold, 
silver,  &c. 

Tru'ant,  a.  Idle  ;  wandering 
from  school.  —  n.  An  idler  ; 
a  boy  who  absents  himself 
from  school  without  leave. 

Truge,  n.  A  temporary  ces- 
sation of  hostilities  for  ne- 
gotiation ;  brief  quiet. 

Truck,  r.  To  barter.  —  n. 
Exchange  of  goods  ;  barter  ; 
a  low  cart ;  a  small  solid 
wheel. 

Truck'Ie,  n.  A  small  wheel. 
—  v.  i.  To  yield  obsequi- 
ously. 

Truck'le-bed,  n.  A  low  bed 
that  runs  on  little  wheels. 

Truck'man  (21),  n.  One  who 
conveys  goods  on  a  truck. 

Tru'eu-lenge,  n.  Savage  fe- 
rpcity  or  cruelty. 

Tru'«u-lent,  a.  Pierce  ; 
cruel  ;  of  savage  aspect. 

Trudge,  v.  i.  To  go  on  foot ; 
to  jog  along  heavily. 

True,  a.  Conformable  to  fact 
or  a  pattern ;  exact ;  right  ; 
genuine  ;  real ;  faithful. 

Truffle  (tru'fl),  n.  A  kind  of 
subterraneous  mushroom. 

Tru'ism.  n.  An  undoubted  or 
self-evident  truth. 

Trull,  n.  A  low,  lewd  woman. 


TUB 

Truly  (10),  adv.  Certainly  ; 
really  ;  exactly. 

Trump,  n.  A  winning  card  ; 
a  trumpet. — v.t.oti.  To 
win  with  a  trump ;  to  de- 
vise ;  to  fabricate. 

Trump'er-y,  n.  Empty  talk  ; 
trifles  ;  rubbish. 

Trump'et,  n.  A  wind  instru- 
ment of  music.  —  v.  t.  To 
publish,  by  sound  of  trump- 
et ;  to  proclaim. 

Trump'et-er,  n.  One  who 
sounds  a  trumpet. 

Trun'-eate,  v.  t.   To  cut  off. 

Trun'€a-ted,  a.  Cut  or  lop- 
ped off  short.  [eating. 

Trun--ea'tion,n.  Actoftrun- 

Trun-gheon  (trtm'shun),  n. 
A  short  staff ;  a  club. 

Trun'dle,  v.  i.  To  roll,  as  on 
little  wheels,  or  as  a  hoop. 
—  n.  A  little  wheel. 

Trun'dle-bed,  n.  A  low  bed 
moved  on  little  wheels. 

Trunk,  n.  Stem  or  body  of  a 
tree  ;  body  of  an  animal  ; 
the  proboscis  of  an  ele- 
phant ;  a  box  or  chest  for 
containing  clothes,  &c. 

Trun'nion  (trun'yun),  n.  A 
knob  on  each  side  of  a  can- 
non, to  support  it. 

Truss  (2),  ft.  A  bundle,  as  of 
hay  ;  a  bandage  for  rup- 
tures.—  v.  t.  To  pack  or 
bind  close  ;  to  skewer. 

Trust,  n.  Confidence ;  faith ; 
credit  given.  —  v.  t.  To  rely 
on  ;  to  believe  ;  to  sell  on 
credit  to.  —  v.  i.  To  be  con- 
fident ;  to  confide. 

Trust-ee'  (18),  n.  One  to 
whom  property  is  legally 
committed  in  trust- 

Trust'i-ly,  adv.  In  a  trusty 
manner.  [honesty. 

Trust'i-ness,    n.      Fidelity ; 

Trust'y,  a.  Worthy  of  trust. 

Truth,  n.  Conformity  to  re- 
ality or  fact  ;  fidelity  ;  ve- 
racity ;  honesty  ;  an  estab- 
lished principle. 

Truth'ful,  a.  Full  of  truth  ; 
veracious  ;  trustworthy. 

Try,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  attempt  ; 
to  endeavor  ;  to  test. 

Tub,   n.      An   opeu   wooden 


a,  e,  I,  o,  Q,  y,  long  ;  a,  S,  1, 6,  G,  y,  short ;  cure, car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm  \ 


TUBE 

vessel,  used  for  various  pur- 
poses, [der ;  a  pipe. 

Tube,  n.  A  long  hollow  cylin- 

Tu'ber,  n.  A  fleshy  rounded 
stem  or  root. 

Tu'ber~ele,  n.  A  small  swell- 
ing ;  a  pimple. 

Tu-ber'«u-lar,     1  a.  Full  of 

Tu-ber'eu-lous,    I  tubercles. 

Tube'r5§e,or  Tufber-6§e,n. 
A  flowering  plant  with  a 
tuberous  root.      [or  tubers. 

Tu'ber-ous,a.    Full  of  knobs 

Tu'bu-lar,  a.  Resembling,  or 
consisting  of,  a  pipe. 

Tu'bu-lous,  a.  Hollow,  like  a 
tube  or  pipe. 

Tuck,  »'.  A  fold  in  a  dress.  — 
v.  t.  To  thrust  in  or  to- 
gether ;  to  fojd  under. 

Tiick'er,  ft.  A  small,  thin 
piece  of  the  dress  for  cover- 
ing the  breast. 

Tues'day  ( tuz'dy ) ,  n.  Third 
day  of  the  week. 

Tuft,  it.  A  bunch  of  grass, 
hair,  &c.  —  v.  t.  To  adorn 
with  tufts. 

Tuft'ed,  a.  Growing  in  tufts. 

Tug,  v.  i.  To  pull  with  great 
effort.  —  n.  A  pulling  with 
great  effort ;  trace  of  a  har- 
ness ;  a  steam  tow-boat. 

Tu-i'tion  (-Tsb/un),  n.  Guard- 
ianship; instruction;  price 
of  instruction. 

Tu'lip,  n.  A  plant  and  flower. 

Turn'ble,  r.  i.  To  roll  about 
or  down.  —  t-.  t.  To  turn 
over  or  throw  about  care- 
lessly ;  to  disturb  ;  to  rum- 
ple —  ft.  A  tumbling  or  roll- 
ing over ;  a  fall. 

Tum'bler,  n.  One  who  tum- 
bles ;  a  drinking  glass. 

Tum'brel,  ft.  A  ducking 
stool  ;  a  cart ;  a  military 
wagon  ;  a  kind  of  basket. 

TQVme-fa-e'tion,  n.  A  swell- 
ing; a  tumor. 

Tu'me-fy,  ».  To  swell. 

Tu'mid,  a.  Swelled;  distend- 
ed ;  pompous.        [swelling. 

Tu'mor  (33),  n.      A  morbid 

Tu'mu-lar,    1  a.    Consisting 
Tu'mu-lous, )      in  a  heap. 
Tu'mult,  n.      Wild  commo- 
tion ;  uproar 


279 

Tu-mult'u-a-ri  disorder- 
ly- 

Tu-mult'u-ous,  a.  Full  of 
tumult ;  conducted  with  tu- 
mult. —  Syn.  Disorderly  ; 
turbulent ;  noisy  :  lawless. 

Tun,  n.  A  large  cask  ;  a 
measure  for  liquids  of  four 
hogsheads.  See  Ton. 

Tune,  n.  A  series  of  musical 
notes;  order;  harmony. — 
v.  t.  To  put  in  a  proper 
musical  or  other  state. 

Tune'ful,  a.  Harmonious. 

Tu'nie,  m.  A  Roman  and  East- 
ern under-garment,  worn  by 
both  sexes  ;  a  membrane. 

Tii'ni-ele,  ft.  A  natural  cov- 
ering ;  an  ecclesiastical  robe. 

Tun'nel,  ft.  A  pipe  for  pour- 
ing liquors  into  vessels  ;  a 
funnel ;  an  artificial  under- 
ground passage. — v.  t.  (8) 
To  form  like,  or  into,  a  tun- 
nel, [era  head-dress. 

Tur'ban,  n.    A  kind  of  East- 

Tur'bid,  a.  Muddy  :  not  clear. 

Tur'bid-ness,  n.  Muddiness. 

Tur'bi-na/ted,  a.  Shaped 
like  a  top  ;  spiral ;  twisted. 

Tfir'bine,  n.  A  horizontal 
water-wheel. 

Tur'bot,  n  A  kind  of  flat  fish. 

Tur'bu-lenge,    I  n.  Tumult ; 

Tur'bu-len-cy,  1    confusion. 

Tur'bu-lent,  a.  Tumultuous ; 
riotous  ;  disorderly. 

Tu-reen',  ft.  A  large,  deep 
vessel  for  holding  soup. 

Turf  (18),  n  A  stratum  of 
earth  filled  with  roots  ;  sod  ; 
sward. —  Vt  t.  To  cover  with 
turf.  [with,  turf. 

Turfy,  a.  Full  of,  or  covered 

Tur-ges'cenge,  n.  State  of 
becoming  turgid. 

Tur'gid,  a.  Distended  ; 
swelled  ;  tumid  ;  bombastic. 

Tur-gid'i-ty,  n.  A  turgid  or 
swelled  state  ;  bombast. 

Tur'key  (19),  n.  A  large  fowl, 
a  native  of  America. 

Tur-kois'  (-koiz/  or  -keez'), 
n.  A"  bluish  green  gem. 
See  Turquoise. 

Tur'mer-i€  (5),  n.  An  East 
Indian  plant  used  for  dye- 
ing. 


TWANG 

Tur'moil,    n.  Harassing 

labor  ;     trouble  ;     disturb- 
ance ;  commotion. 

Turn,  v.  To  move  or  go 
round  ;  to  revolve ;  to  alter ; 
to  change. —  n.  Act  of  mov- 
ing or  going  round  ;  change. 

Turn'eoat,  n.  One  who 
changes  sides  or  principles  ; 
a  renegade  ;  a  deserter. 

Turn'er-y,  n.  The  art  of 
shaping  solid  articles  by  a 
lathe.  [esculent  root. 

Tur'nip,  n.     A  plant  and  its 

Turn'key  (19),  n.  One  who 
keeps  the  keys  of  a  prison. 

Turn'pike,  ft.  A  toll-gate  ; 
a  road  on  which  are  turn- 
pikes. 

Turn 'sole,  n.  A  heliotrope. 

Turn'stlle,  n.  A  kind  of 
turnpike  in  a  footpath. 

Tur'pen-tlne,  n.  A  resinous 
juice  from  various  trees. 

Tur'pi-tude,  «.  Baseness. 

Tur-auoi§e'  (-koiz'  or  -keez'), 
ft.  A  bluish-green  mineral, 
used  in  jewelry. 

Tiir'ret,  ft.    A  small  tower. 

Tur'ret-ed,a.  Furnished  with 
turrets ;  formed  like  a  tower. 

Tur'tle,  ft.  A 
species  of 
wild  dove  ; 
a  sea-tor- 
toise. 

Tur'tle-  Turtle, 

dove,  n.   A  dove  or  pigeon. 

Tus'«an,  a.  Relating  to 
Tuscany,  or  to  a  certaiu 
order  of  architecture. 

Tusk,  n.  A  long,  pointed 
tooth  of  certwin  animals. 

Tus'sle(tusM),  n.  A  scuffle. 

Tu'te-lage,  ft.  Guardianship; 
protection ;  care. 

Tu'te-lar,      1  a.     Guarding  ; 

Tu'te-la-ry,  J     protecting. 

Tu'tor,  n.  Instructor  ;  teach- 
er. —  v.  t.  To  instruct ;  to 
discipline.       [guardianship. 

Tu'tor-age,  n.     Instruction ; 

Tu'tor-ess,  n.  A  female  tutor. 

Twad'dle,  v.  i.    To  prate. 

Twain,  a.  &  n.    Two. 

Twang,  v.  i.     To  sound  with 
a  quick,  sharp  noise. 
A  sharp,  quick  sound. 


tion  ;  uproar.  ing.  I      A  sharp,  quick  sound, 

eon,  or,  dp,,  wolf,  tob,  tdbk;  urn,  rue,  pull;  c,  g,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  a§  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng;  this 


TWATTLE 


280 


UMBEL 


Twat'tle  (twSt'tl),  v.  i.  To 
prate  ;  to  talk  much  and 
idly ;  to  twaddle. 

Tweak,  v.  t.  To  twitch. — n. 
A  sharp  pinch  or  jerk. 

Twee'dle,  v.  t.  To  handle 
lightly  ;  to  coax ;  to  allure. 

Tweeds,  n.  pi.  Cotton  or 
woolen  goods  of  light  fabric. 

Twee'zerg,  n.  pi.  Small  nip- 
pers for  plucking  out  hairs, 
and  for  other  purposes. 

Twelfth,  a.  Ordinal  of  twelve. 

Twelve,  a.     Two  and  ten. 

Twelve 'month,  n.  A  year. 

Twen'ti-eth,  a.  Ordinal  of 
twenty. 

Twen'ty,  a.  Twice  ten  ;  a 
score. 

Twice,  adv.  Two  times  ; 
doubly. 

Twig,  n.  A  small  shoot  or 
branch  of  a  tree  or  shrub. 

Twi'llght  (-lit),  n.  Faint 
light  seen  after  sunset  and 
before  sunrise. 

Twill,  v.  t.   To  weave  in  ribs. 

Twin,  n.  One  of  two  pro- 
duced at  a  birth. 

Twine,  i'.  t.  or  i.  To  twist ;  to 
wrap  closely  round  ;  to 
wind.  —  n.  Strong  twisted 
thread ;  a  twist. 

Twinge,  v.  i.  To  feel  a  short, 
sharp  pain.  —  n.  A  quick, 
darting  pain. 

Twink'le,  v.  i.    To  blink ;  to 


wink;   to  sparkle.  —  n. 
wink  ;  time  of  a  wink. 

Twink'ling,  n.    A  wink; 
sparkling ;  an  instant. 

Twirl,  c.  t.  To  move  or  whirl 
round  rapidly.  — n.  A  rapid 
whirling  or  turning. 

Twist,  v.  t.  To  wind,  as  one 
thread  round  another;  to 
convolve.  —  ».  A  contor- 
tion ;  a  thread  or  cord  made 
by  twisting. 

Twit,  v.  t.  To  reproach  ;  to 
taunt ;  to  upbraid. 

Twitch,  v.  t.  To  pull  sudden- 
ly.—  n.  A  pull  with  a  jerk. 

Twit'ter  (7),  V.  i.  To  make  a 
small,  intermitted  noise,  as 
a  swallow. 

Two  ( too ),  a.     One  and  one. 

Twp'-edged  (too''-),rt.  Hav- 
ing an  edge  on  both  sides. 

Two'fold  (kro/-),  a.  Two  of 
the  kind ;  double. 

Tym'bal,  n.    A  kettle-drum. 

Tym'pan,  n.  A  frame  for 
holding  sheets  of  paper  for 
printing. 

Tym'pa-num,  n.  Drum  of 
the  ear. 

Type,  n.  A  mark;  an  em- 
blem ;  a  figure ;  a  sign ;  a 
symbol ;  a  letter  or  other 
character  for  printing  from . 

Ty'phoid,  a.  Resembling 
typhus  fever.  —  n.  A  fever 
resembling  typhus. 


Ty-phdbn',  n.  A  violent 
tornado  in  the  Chinese  seas. 

Ty'phus,  n.  A  fever  char- 
acterized by  great  prostra- 
tion and  cerebral  disturb- 
ance, [figurative. 

Typ'i-e-al,  a.    Emblematical ; 

Typ'i€-al-ly,  adv.  In  a  typ- 
ical, orfigurative  manner. 

Typ'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  represent 
by  a  type,  or  emblem. 

Ty-p6g'ra-pher  (ti-  or  tl-),  n. 
A  printer. 

Typ'o-graph'i-e-al,  or  Tf- 
po-graph'i€-al,a.  Relating 
to  type  or  to  printing. 

Ty-p6g'ra-phy  (tl-  or  tl),  n. 
Art  of  printing. 

Ty-ran'ni-c,       I  a.     Imperi- 

Ty-ran'ni-e-al,  J  ous;  des- 
potic ;  cruel. 

Ty-ran'nic-al-ly,  adv.  In 
the  manner  of  a  tyrant. 

Ty-ran'ni-Qide,  n.  The  kill- 
ing, or  the  killer,  of  a  ty- 
rant, [a  tyrant. 

Tyr'an-nize,  v.  t.    To  act  as 

Tyr'an-nous,  a.  Cruel;  ar- 
bitrary ;  despotic ;  unjustly 
severe ;  tyrannical. 

Tyr'an-ny,  n.  Arbitrary  ex- 
ercise of  power ;  despotism. 

Ty'rant,  n.  An  arbitrary 
ruler;  a  cruel  master;  an 
oppressor. 

Ty'ro,  ».  (pi.  Ty'rog.)  A 
Deginner ;  a  novice. 


u. 


U-BIQ'UI-TY,  n.     Exis- 
tence  every  where. 
TT-biq/ui-ta-ry  (-blk'wl-),  a. 

Existing  every  where. 
tJd'der,  n.    The  bag  with  the 
_  teats  of  a  cow,  &c. 
Ug'li-ness(13),n.  Deformity; 

moral  depravity  ;  ill-nature. 
Ug'ly,  a.  Not  handsome;  de- 
„  formed;  ill-natured. 
Ul'cer,  n.     A  sore  that  dis- 

charges  pus. 
Ul'fjer-ate,  v.  i.    To  become 


ulcerous ;    to    turn  to   an 

ulcer.  [ating. 

TJl/cer-a/tionjn.  Actofulcer- 
tJl'Qer-ous,  a.    Afflicted  with 

ulcers ;    discharging    puru- 
_  lent  or  other  matters. 
Uriage,    n.      What    a    cask 

wants  of  being  full. 
Ul-te'ri-or,  a.  Lying  beyond ; 

further ;  more  remote. 
fTl'ti-mate ,  a.  Final;  furthest. 
"Ol'ti-mate-ly,  adv.    Finally ; 

at  last;  in  the  end. 


■fjTti-ma'tum,    n.      A   final 

proposition     or    condition ; 

last  offer. 
TTl'tra,  a.    Radical ;  extreme. 
Ul'tra-ma-rme'  (-ma-reen'), 

ft.  A  beautiful  blue  pigment. 
tTFtra-mSn'tane,  a.     Being 

beyond   the  mountains    or 
_  the  Alps. 
i  Ul'tra-mun'dane,  a.    Being 
!      beyond  the  world, 
■fjm'bel,  n.    A  collection  of 

small  flowers  in  a  head. 


E,6,I,o,  u,y,/onsv  a,e,I,  6,u,  y,  short;  care, car,  Mi,  all,  what ;  ere, veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm  : 


UMBELLIFEROUS 

tjm'bel-lif'er-ous,  a.  Bear- 
ing  umbels. 

tjm'ber,  n.  A  brownish  ore 
of  iron,  used  as  a  pigment. 

TJm-bil'i€-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  navel.  [deer. 

tTm'bleg,    n.    Entrails  of  a 

■&m'brage,  n.  A  shade;  re- 
sentment;  offense;  affront. 

Um-bra'geous,  a.    Shady. 

Um-brel'la,  n.  A  portable 
screen  from  the  sun  or  rain. 

tTm'pi-rage,n.  The  decision 
of  an  umpire;  arbitrament; 
authority  of  an  umpire. 

"&m'pire,  n.  A  third  person  to 
whose  sole  decision  a  contro- 

I    versy  or  question  between 

'    parties  is  referred. 

tin.  A  negative  prefix,  which 
may  be  attached  at  will  to 
almost  any  English  adjective 
or  participle  used  adjective- 
ly,  while  it  is  also  attached 
to  less  numerous  classes  of 
nouns  and  verbs.  As  the 
former  class  of  words  is 
unlimited  in  extent,  and 
such  compounds  may  be 
formed  by  any  writer  or 
speaker  from  almost  all  the 
adjectives  and  participles  in 
the  language,  very  many  of 
them  will  be  omitted  from 
this  Dictionary,  more  es- 
pecially speh  as  are  nega- 
tions of  the  simple  word, 
and  are  readily  explained 
by  prefixing  a  not  to  the 
letter ;  also,  derivatives  of 
these  words  in  ly  and  ness. 
A  pretty  full  list  of  these 
words  is  subjoined. 

Un  is  prefixed  to  adjectives, 
or  to  words  used  adjectively; 
as,  (1.)  To  adjectives,  to  denote 
the  absence  of  the  finality  des- 
ignated by  the  adjective  ;  as, 
tmaccordant,  unmded,  unam- 
bitious, unanxious,  unappre- 
ciable,  unartificial,  unattaina- 
ble, unauthorized,  unbearable, 
unbrotherhj,  uncandid,  unca- 
nonical,  uncheerful,  unclassical, 
uncommercial,  uncongenial,  un- 
cordial,  uncourtly,  unde  finable, 
undemocratic,  undevoiit,  tin- 
distinguishable,  unendurable, 
un-English,  unenviable,  unes- 
sential, uneventful,  unfamiliar, 
unfeminine,    unfraternal,    un- 


281       ( 

genial,  ungenteel,  ungentle,  Un- 
grammatical,  unimportant,  un- 
inhabitable, unjustifiable,  lin- 
king/!/, unmaidenly,  unman- 
ageable, unmeet,  unmelodious, 
unmltherly,  unmusical,  unob- 
servant, unpardonable,  un- 
patriotic, unphilanthropic,  un- 
philosophic,  unpoetic,  unpro- 
nounceable, unquenchable,  un- 
rational,  unremuneraiive,  un- 
romantic,  unscholarly,  unscicn- 
tific,  unselfish,  unserviceable, 
unsubstantial,  unsuspicious,  un- 
thankful, untidy,  unvocal,  tin- 
warlike,  unwatclful,  unweary, 
unwelcome,  unwomanly,  un- 
worldly, and  the  like.  (2.)  To 
past  passive  participles,  to  indi- 
cate the  absence  of  the  con- 
dition or  state  expressed  by  the 
participle  ;  as,  unabated,  un- 
abridged, unaccented ,  una- 
dorned, unadulterated,  unaid- 
ed, unaltered,  unanswered,  un- 
appreciated, unarmed,  un- 
asked, unassisted,  unat  tempted, 
unattended,  unfKiplized,  unbi- 
ased, unbleached,  unbought,  un- 
called, unchanged,  unchecked, 
uncircumcised,  unclouded,  un- 
compounded,  unconfined,  un- 
congealed,  unconquered,  uncon- 
strained, uncultivated,  unde- 
cided, undefended,  undefilcd, 
undeserved,  undesigned,  undi- 
gested, undiminished,  tin- 
dimmed,  undisguised,  undis- 
puted, undisturbed,  uneduca- 
ted, unemployed,  unenlight- 
ened, unexhausted,  unexplain- 
ed, unexplored,  unfathomed, 
unfermented,  unforeseen,  un- 
fulfilled, unfurnished,  unguard- 
ed, unguessed,  unharmed,  un- 
heeded, unhelped,  unhonored, 
unimncached,  uninclosed,  un- 
inhabited, uninspired,  unleav- 
ened, unloved,  unmarried,  un- 
masked, unmatched,  unminglcd, 
unmitigated,  unmixed,  un- 
moved, unnerved,  unnoticed, 
unobserved,  unobsti-ucted,  un- 
ornamented,  uni^erceived,  un- 
piolished,  unpracticed,  unpre- 
meditated, unprepared,  unpro- 
tected, unprovoked,  unpun- 
ished, unread,  unreconciled, un- 
refined, unrelated,  unrepresent- 
ed, unresisted,  unrewarded,  un- 
satisfied, unscathed,  unsettled, 
unshared,  unsheltered,  unshod, 
unshorn,  unskilled,  unsolicited, 
unsought,  unstinted,  unstudied, 
unsullied,  unsurpassed,  unsus- 
pected, untasted,  untaught,  un- 
terrified,  untried,  untutored, 
unvaried,  unwarranted,  un- 
tvedded,  unwept,  and  the  like. 
(•*>.)  To  present  participles 
which  come  from  intransitive 
verbs,  or  are  themselves  em- 


UNAWARE 

ployed  as  adjectives,  to  mark 
the  absence  of  the  activity,  dis- 
position, or  condition  implied 
by  the  participle;  as  unaccom- 
modating, unaspiring,  un- 
blenching,  unralculating,  un- 
changing, uncomplaining,  un- 
consuming,  unconvincing,  un- 
deserving, undiminishing,  un- 
disceming,  undoubting,  itnedi- 
fying,  unenvying,  unfading,  un- 


% 


'altering,  unflinching,  ungrudg- 
ing, unheeding,  uninteresting, 
uninviting,  unloving,  unmoving, 
unobservmg,  unoflending,  un- 
pitying,  unpleasing,  unquestion- 
ing, unrepining,  unresisting,  un- 
resting, unsearchintt,  unseeing, 
unshrinking,  unsuspecting,  un- 
sympathizing,  unvarying,  un- 
wavering, and  the  like. 

TTn-a'ble,  a.  Not  having 
ability  or  power ;  impotent. 

Un'a-e-Qept'a-ble,  a.  Not 
acceptable ;  disagreeable. 

tJn'a-e-eount'a-ble,  a.  Not 
to  be  accounted  for ;  inex- 

^  plicable. 

Un/ad-vig'a-ble,  a.  Not  ad- 
visablo;  inexpedient. 

tfn'af-fe-et'ed,  a.  Not  af- 
fected or  moved ;  not  artifi- 

w  cial ;  simple  ;  natural. 

Un/al-loyed',  a.  Not  alloyed  ; 
pure. 

TJn-al'ter-a-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  altered ;  changeless. 

Un-a'nii-a-ble,  a.  Not  ami- 
able ;  repelling  affection  ; 
ill-natured. 

T^na-mm/i-ty,  n.  Agreement 
iu  opinion  or  determination. 

tj-nan'i-mous,  a.  Being  of 
one  mind  ;  harmonious  ; 
formed  with  the  agreement 

_  of  all.        [entire  agreement. 

tj-nan/i-mous-ly,  adv.  With 

Un-an'swer-a-ble  (-an'ser-a- 
bl),a.  Not  answerable ;  not 
to  be  refuted. 

TJn-apt',  a.  Not  apt  or  ready ; 
dull ;  stupid. 

Un'as-sum'ing,  a.    Not  as- 

_  sqming ;  humble ;  modest. 

UiVa-vail'ing,     a.      Of    no 

w  avail ;  ineffectual ;  useless. 

LTn'a-void'a-ble,  a.    Not  to 
be     shunned 
inevitable. 

tTn'a-void'a-bly,  adv.  In- 
evitably  ;  necessarily. 

tJn/a-ware',     «.       Without 


necessary  ; 


eon,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took ;  flrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  ij  as  ng ;  this. 


UNAWARES 


282 


UNDAUNTED 


thought ;  inattentive  ;  giv- 
ing no  heed. 

Un'a-wares',  adv,  Suddenly ; 
unexpectedly. 

Un-bar',  v.t.  To  remove  a  bar 
from ;  to  unfasten ;  to  open. 

Un'be-eom'ing,  a.  Not  be- 
coming ;  improper ;  unsuit- 
able; indecorous. 

Un'be-lief,  n.    Incredulity; 

^  skepticism  ;  infidelity. 

Un'be-liev'er,  n.     An   infi- 

_  del ;  a  skeptic. 

Un/be-li£v'mg,  a.  Incredu- 
lous ;  skeptical ;  infidel. 

Un-bend',  v.  t.  To  relax  or 
slacken.  —  e.  i.  To  become 
relaxed. 

Un-bcnd'ing,a.  Unyielding; 
inflexible;  firm;  rigid. 

Un-bi'as  (8),  v.  t.  To  free 
from  bias  or  prejudice. 

Un-bind',  v.  t.  To  untie;  to 
unfasten  ;  to  loose. 

Un-blem'ished  (-blem'isht), 
a.  Free  from  blemish  ;  pure ; 
spotless,  [happy  ;  wretched. 

Un-blest',  a.  Not  blessed ;  un- 

Un-bolt',  v.t.  To  remove  a 
bolt  from  ;  to  unfasten. 

Un-born',  a.  Not  born ;  still 
to  appear ;  future. 

Un-bo'som  (-bobz'um),  v.  t. 
To  disclose  freely  ;  to  reveal. 

Un-bound'ed,  a.  Having  no 
bounds  or  limits  ;  infinite  ; 
unrestrained. 

Un-brl'dle,  v.  t.  Tofreefrom, 
or  as  from,  the  bridle. 

Un-br5'ken  (-bro'kn),  a.  En- 
tire; whole. 

Un-biick'le,  v.t.  To  loose 
from  buckles  :  to  unfasten. 

Un-bur'ied  (-ber'id,  13),  a. 
Not  buried ;  disinterred. 

Un-bur'den,  v.  t.  To  rid  of 
a  burden  ;  to  throw  off,  as  a 
burden  ;  to  relieve. 

Un-but'ton  (-but'tn),  v.  t.  To 
loose  the  buttons  of. 

Un-Qeas'ing,  a.  Not  ceasing  ; 
continual ;  perpetual. 

Un-Qer'e-mo'ni-ous,  a.  Not 
ceremonious ;  informal ;  fa- 
miliar. 

Un-ger'tain,  a.  Not  certain  ; 
precarious ;  insecure;  doubt- 
ful ;  dubious. 


Un-ger'tain-ly,  adv.  Not 
certainly ;  doubtfully. 

Un-ger'tain-ty,  n.  Want  of 
certainty ;  doubtfulness. 

Un-chain',  v.t.  To  free  from 
chains  or  thralldom. 

Un-change'a-ble,a.  Not  sub- 
ject to  change  ;  immutable. 

Un-change'a-biy,a^.  With- 
out change ;  immutably. 

Un-char'i-ta-ble,  a.  Having 
no  charity  ;  severe  in  judg- 
ing :  harsh ;  censorious. 

Un-ehris'tian  (-krist'yan),  a. 
Contrary  to  Christianity : 
unbecoming  a  Christian. 

Un-church',  v.  t.  To  expel 
from  a  church. 

Un-gfv'il,  a.  Not  civil;  im- 
polite ;  uncourteous ;  rude. 

Un-giv'il-ized,  n.  Not  civil- 
ized or  reclaimed  from  sav- 
age life  ;  rude ;   barbarous  ; 


Un-giv'il-ly,  adv.    Rudely. 

Un~elasp',  v.  t.  To  loose  the 
clasp  of. 

tJn'-ele  (Hijk'l),  n.  A  father's 
or  a  mother's  brother. 

Un~elean',  a.  Not  clean  ; 
foul ;  dirty  ;  filthy  ;  impure ; 
sinful ;  wicked. 

Un -elean'ness,  n.  Filthi- 
ness  ;  impurity  ;  sinfulness. 

TJn-elose',  v.  t.    To  open. 

Un-eoif',  v.  t.  To  unwind 
and  open. 

Un-eome'ly,  a.  Not  comely  ; 
homely ;  disagreeable. 

Un-€om'fort-a-ble,  a.  Af- 
fording no  comfort;  giving 
uneasiness. 

Un-eom'fort-a-bly,  adv. 
Without  comfort  or  cheer- 
fulness. 

Un-e6m'mon,  a.  Not  com- 
mon ;  infrequent ;  rare ;  un- 
usual; remarkable. 

Un-eom'mon-ly,  adv.  Unu- 
sually. 

Un-eom'pro-mis'ing,  a.  Not 
agreeing   to   terms ;    inflex- 

w  ible ;  firm. 

UnZ-eon-gern',  n.  Want  of 
concern ;  indifference. 

Un'-eon-ggm'ed-ly,        adv. 

_  Without  concern. 

Un'con-di'tion-al       (-dish'- 


un-),  a.  Not  limited  by  con- 
ditions ;  absolute. 

Un--e6n'quer-a-ble  (-konk'- 
er-a-bl),  a.  Not  to  be  con- 
quered. —  SYN.  Invincible ; 
insuperable. 

Un-eon'scion-a-hle  (-kon'- 
shun-),  a.  Unreasonable; 
inordinate  ;  enormous. 

Un-e6n'scion-a-bly,ac/r.  In 
an  unconscionable  manner. 

Un-eon'scious  (-kon'shus), 
a.  Not  having  conscious- 
ness ;  not  made  the  object 
of  consciousness ;  impercep- 
tible. 

Un--eon'scious-ly,  adv. 

Without  consciousness. 

Un-eon'scious-ncss,  n. 

Want  of  consciousness  or 
perception. 

Un--e6n/sti-tti'tion-al,a.  Not 
constitutional;  contrary  to 
the  constitution. 

Un-eon'sti-tu'tion-al'i-ty.??. 
Quality  of  being  unauthor- 
ized by,  or  opposed  to,  the 
constitution. 

Un/eon-trol'la-ble,  a.  Not 
to  be  controlled ;  ungovern- 

_  able. 

Un'-eon-vert'ed,  a.  Not  con- 
verted or  regenerated ;  im- 
penitent. 

Un-eork',  v.  t.  To  draw  the 
cork  from. 

Un-eourt'e-ous  (-kfirt'e-us), 
a.  Uncivil ;  rude ;  impolite. 

Un-€outh'(-kooth'),  a.  Un- 
familiar ;  unusual ;  not  ren- 
dered pleasing  by  familiari- 
ty.— Syn.  Odd";  strange; 
awkward.  [ness. 

Un--eputh'ness,«.  Awkward- 

Un~eov'er,  v.  t.  To  take  the 
cover  from  ;  to  open.  —  v.  i. 
To  bare  the  head. 

Une'tion,  n.     Act  of  anoinfc- 

„ing:  unguent;  ointment. 

Un-et'u-ous  (Bnkt'yu-us),  0. 
Oily  ;  fat ;  greasy,     [a  curb. 

Un-eurb',  v.  t.    To  free  from 

Un-eurl',  v.  t.  To  straighten 
out,  as  any  thing  that  has 
been  curled.  [date. 

Un-dat'ed,  a.      Having    no 

Un-daunt'ed,  a.  Fearless; 
bold ;  brave  ;  intrepid. 


5; 5, 1,o,  C,  y, long ;  &, C,  i,  o,u,y,  short ;  care, car, ask,  all, what;  ere, vc.il,  term ;  pique,  firm ; 


UNDECEIVE 

Un/de-Qeive',  v.  t.  To  free 
from  deception. 

tjn/de-ni'a-ble,  a.  Impossi- 
ble to  be  denied  ;  palpably 
true ;  obvious.        [putably. 

tTn/de-m'a-bly,  adv.     Indis- 

tjn'der,  prep.  Lower  than  ; 
beneath  ;  below.  —  a.  Lower 
in  rank  ;  subordinate  ;  in- 
ferior.—  adv.      In  a  lower 

^  condition  ;  in  subjection. 

tin/der-a/gent,  n.  A  subor- 
dinate agent. 

tJn'der-bid',  v.  t.  To  bid  or 
'  offer  less  than. 

Un'der-brush.n.  Small  trees 
and  shrubs  in  a  wood. 

TJn/der-eur'rent,  n.  A  cur- 
rent below  the  surface. 

tjn/der-dq',  v.  To  do  less  than 
is  requisite  or  desirable. 

tJn/der-go',  v.  t.  To  bear;  to 
endure;  to  suffer;  to  sus- 
tain ;  to  pass  through. 

■fjn'der-grad'u-ate,  n.  A 
student  in  a  college  who  has 

_  not  taken  his  degree. 

Un'der-ground,  a.  Being 
below  the  surface  of  the 
ground ;  subterranean. 

tjn'der-growth,  n.  Shrubs 
which  grow  under  trees. 

Un'der-hand,  a.  Clandes- 
tine ;  secret  ;^ly.  — adv.  By 

_  secret  means  ;  by  fraud. 

Un'der-hand'ed,  a.  Clandes- 

_  tine. 

tjn'der-lay',  v.  t.  To  lay 
under  or  beneath. 

Un'der-let',  v.  t.  To  let  or 
lease  under  a  lease. 

tJn/der-lie',  v.  t.  To  lie  un- 
der ;  to  be  the  basis  of. 

Uri'der-line',  v.  t.  To  mark 
a  line  beneath,  as  words. 

tJn'der-ling,  n.  An  inferior. 

tTn'der-mme',  v.  t.  To  ex- 
cavate the  earth  beneath ; 
to  ruin  or  injure  in  an  un- 
derhandwav. 

Un/der-neath'  (or  -neeth/), 
adv.  or  prep.  Under ;  be- 
neath. 

tJn'der-pin',  v.  t.  To  lay 
stones  under,  as  under  the 
_  sills  of  a  building. 

U"n/der-pin'ning,  n.  Stones 
on  which  a  building  rests 


283 

tfn'der-rate',  v.  t.     To  rate 
_  below  the  value. 
Un'der-seore',  v.  t.  To  draw 

a  line  or  mark  under. 
tJn/der-sell',  v.  t.     To  sell 
_  cheaper  than  another. 
Un/der-sign'  (-sin'),  v.  t.  To 

write  one's  name  at  the  foot 

or  end  of. 
tJn'der-shSt',  a.     Moved  by 

water  passing    beneath  ;  — 
_  said  of  a  water-wheel. 
Un/der-stand',  v.  t.  [imp.  & 

p.  p.  UNDERSTOOD]  To 
comprehend  ;  to  know  ;  to 
have  information )    to  sup- 

^  pose  to  mean. 

■fjn/der-stand'ing  (8),  n. 
Knowledge ;  interpretation  ; 
the  intellectual  powers;  in- 

_  tellect ;  judgment ;  sense. 

Un/der-stdbd',  imp.  &  p.  p. 
of  Understand. 

fJn'der-strap'per,  n.    An  in- 

_  ferior  agent ;  a  subaltern. 

Un/der-take',  v  t.  [imp.  un- 
dertook; p.p.  UNDER- 
TAKEN.]   To  take  in  hand  ; 

_  to  attempt ;  to  engage  in. 

tJn/der-tak'er,  n.  One  who 
undertakes;  one  who  takes 

_  the  management  of  funerals. 

tJn/der-tak'ing,  n.  Anenter- 

_  prise ;  any  business,     [take. 

Un'der-tdbk',  imp.  of  Under- 

Un/der-tone,  n.    A  low  tone. 

tJn'der-tow,  n.  A  current  of 
water  below  having  a  differ- 
ent direction  from  that  on 

_  the  surface.  [dergo. 

Un/der-went',  imp.   of   Un- 

Un'der-val'ue,  v.  t.    To  rate 

_  below  the  worth 

tJn/der-wdod,  n.  Small  trees. 

ijn/der-work'  (-wurk'),  v.  t. 
To  do  like  work  at  a  less 

^  price  than. 

Un'der-write'  (-rif).  v.  i.  To 

_  insure.  [insurer. 

Un'der-writ'er  (-rlt'-),  n.  An 

"fjn/de-sign'ing  (-sin'-  or 
-zln/-),  a.     Artless  ;  sincere. 

Un-de'vi- a/ting,  n.  Not  de- 
_  viating ;  steady  ;  regular. 

Un'di-vid'ed,  a.  Not  divided  ; 
whole  ;  entire. 

Un-dp',  v.  t.  [imp.  UNDID ; 
p.  p.  UNDONE.]    To  reverse 


UNEVEN 

what  has  been  done ;  to 
take  to  pieces ;  to  unfasten  ; 
to  ruin. 

Un-dp'ing,n.  Reversal;  ruin. 

Un-done'  (-dun'),  p.p.  Un- 
fastened ;  ruined ;  not  done ; 
unfinished. 

Un-doubt'ed  (-dout'ed),  a. 
Not  doubted  ;  indubitable  ; 
indisputable. 

Un-doubt'ed-ly  (-dout'-), 
adv.    Indisputably. 

Un-dress',  v.t.  To  divest  of 
clothes ;  to  strip  ;  to  dis- 
robe ;    to  deprive  of  orna- 

„  ments. 

fjn'dress,  n.  A  loose,  neg- 
ligent dress. 

Un-due',  a.     Not  due;   ex- 

_  cessive ;  immoderate. 

Un'du-late,  v.  t.  or  i.  To 
move  backward  and  for- 
ward, or  up  and  down,  as  a 

_  wave  ;  _to  vibrate. 

Un'du-la'ted,  a.        Waved; 

_  wavy :  undulatory. 

Un/du-la'tion,  n.    A  waving 

_  motion  or  vibration. 

tjn'du-la-to-ry,  a.  Moving 
like  waves;  vibratory. 

Un-du'ly,  adv.  In  an  undue 
manner  ;  improperly  ;  ex- 
cessively. 

Un-dy'ing,  a.  Not  dying ;  not 
subject  to  death  ;  immortal. 

Un-earth',  v.  t.  To  draw 
from  the  earth ;  to  remove 
the  earth  from  ;  to  uncover ; 
to  bring  to  light. 

Un-earth'ly,  a.  Not  terres- 
trial ;  supernatural. 

Un-ea'si-ness,  n.  Disquiet ; 
perturbation. 

Un-ea'§y,  a.  Not  easy  ;  rest- 
less ;  disturbed. 

Un-end'ing,  a.  Not  ending  ; 
everlasting ;  eternal. 

Un-e'qual,  a.  Not  equal,  or 
even  ;  inferior  :  inadequate  ; 
disproportioned  ;  partial ; 
unjust :  unfair. 

Un-e'qual-ly,  adv.     In  dif- 

_  ferent  degrees  :  unfairly. 

Un/e-qmv'o-eal,  a.  _  Not 
equivocal;  clear;  evident. 

Un-err'ing,  a.  Committing 
no  mistake ;  certain. 

Un-e'ven   (-G'vn),  a.        Not 


eon,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  t(5bk;  urn,  rue,  pull*c,  g,  soft;  c,  g,  hard;  as/,  exist ;  n  as  ng;  this. 


UNEVENNESS 

even ;  not  level  or  uniform  ; 
rough ;  irregular. 

Un-e'ven-ness,  n.  "Want  of 
equality  or  uniformity. 

tJn/ex-gep'tion-a-ble,  a.  Not 
liable    to   objection;    fault- 

^  less ;  good. 

Un'ex-Qep'tion-a-bly,  adv. 
So  as  to  be  liable  to  no  ob- 
jection. 

Un'ex-pgst'ed,  a.  Not  ex- 
pected ;  sudden  ;  coming 
without  warning.        [denly. 

Un'ex-pe-et'ed-ly,  adv.  Sud- 

Un-fail'ing,  a.  Not  failing; 
not  liable  to  fail ;  abiding. 

Un-fair',  a  Not  fair ;  disin- 
genuous ;  dishonest. 

Un-fair'ly,  adv.  In  an  un- 
fair manner ;  dishonestly. 

Un-fair'ness,  n.  Want  of 
fairness  or  honesty. 

Un-faith'ful,  a.  Not  faith- 
ful ;  negligent  of  duty ; 
treacherous ;  perfidious. 

Un-faith'ful-ness,n.  Breach 
of  faith ;  infidelity. 

Un-fash'ion-a-ble,  a.  Not 
according  to  the  fashion. 

Un-fast'en  (-uWn),  v.t.  To 
loose ;  to  unbind  ;  to  untie. 

TJn-fatii'om-a-ble,  a.  Not 
to  be  fathomed ;  profound. 

TJn-fa'vor-a-ble,  a.  Not  fa- 
vorable ;  adverse  ;  contrary. 

Un-feel'ing,  a.  Void  of  feel- 
ing or  sensibility ;  insensi- 
ble ;  cruel ;  hard-hearted. 

Un-feigned'  (-fund'),  a.  Not 
feigned ;  real ;  sincere. 

Un-feign'ed-ly  (-fan'-),  adv. 
Without  hypocrisy. 

Un-fil'ial  (-yal),  a.  Not  be- 
coming a  son  or  daughter. 

Un-fm'ished  (-fin'isht),  a. 
Not  finished ;  incomplete  ; 
imperfect. 

Un-fit',  e,  t.  To  disable ;  to 
disqualify.  —  a.  Not  fit  or 
qualified. — Syn.  Improper; 
unqualified ;  incompetent. 

Un-fix',  t\  t.  To  loosen ;  to 
unsettle. 

Un-fold',  v.  t.  To  expand; 
to  spread  out;  to  disclose. 

Un/for-giv'ing,  a.  Not  dis- 
posed to  forgive ;  implaca- 
ble ;  inexorable. 


284 

TJn-fort'u-nate,  a.  Not  for- 
tunate ;  not  successful. 

Un-found'ed,  a.  Having  no 
foundation  ;  baseless  ;  vain. 

Un-friend'ly,  a.  Not  friend- 
ly ;  unfavorable ;  hostile. 

Un-fruit'ful,  a.  Not  fruit- 
ful ;  barren  ;  sterile. 

Un-furl',  v.  t.  To  unfold  ;  to 
open  or  spread ;  to  expand. 

Un-fur'nish,  v.  t.  To  strip 
of  furniture;  to  leave 
naked  or  bare. 

Un-gain'ly,  a.  Not  expert 
or  dexterous ;  clumsy ; 
awkward;  uncouth. 

Un-gen'er-ous,  a.  Not  gen- 
erous ;  illiberal ;  unkind  ; 
mean;  dishonorable. 

Un-god'li-ness,  n.    Impiety. 

Un-g6d1y,  a.  Irreligious  ; 
wicked  ;  impious  ;  sinful. 

Un-gov'ern-a-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  governed  or  restrained ; 
wild ;  licentious. 

Un-grage'ful,  a.  Wanting 
grace  ;  inelegant ;  awkward ; 
clumsy;  uncouth. 

Un-gra'cious,  a.  Not  gra- 
cious ;  showing  no  kindness 
of  heart;  unpleasing. 

Un-grate'ful,  a.  Not  grate- 
ful ;  unthankful ;  disagree- 

w  able. 

Un'guent(ung/gwent),  n.  An 
ointment. 

Un-hal'16wed,  a.  Profane; 
unholy ;  impure ;  wicked. 

Un-hand'some  (-han'sum), 
a.  Not  handsome  ;  illiberal ; 
unfair;  impolite. 

Un-hand's6me-ly  (-han/- 
sum-),  adv.  Ungracefully ; 
illiberally ;  unfairly. 

Un-hand'y,  a.  Not  handy; 
awkward ;  inexpert. 

Un-hap'pi-ly,  adv.  Unfort- 
unately ;  miserably. 

Un-hap'pi-ness,  n.  Calam- 
ity ;  misfortune ;  infelicity. 

Un-hap'py,  a.  Not  happy  or 
fortunate ;  rather  misera-  i 
ble ;  evil ;  calamitous. 

Un-har'ness,r.  t.  To  strip  of  | 
harness;  to  divest  of  armor. 

Un-h§alth'y,  a.  Wanting 
health;  unsound;  sickly; 
insalubrious. 


Unicorn. 


UNIPAROUS 

Un-hgard'  (-herd'),  a.  Not 
heard  ;  unknown ;  obscure. 

Un-hlnge',  v.  t.  To  take  from 
the  hinges  ;  to  displace  ;  to 
unfix  by  violence. 

Un-hitch',  v.t.  To  loose  from 
being  hitched ;  to  unfasten. 

Un-ho'li-ness,  n.  Want  of 
holiness ;  impiety  ;  sinful- 
ness; wickedness. 

Un-ho'ly,  a.  Not  holy  ;  pro- 
fane; wicked;  impious. 

Un-hdbk',  v.  t.  To  loose  from 
a  hook. 

Un-horse',  v.  t.  To  throw 
from  a  horse  or  saddle. 

Un-hurt',  a.  Not  hurt ;  safe 
and  sound ;  whole. 

U'ni-eorn,  n.  A 
fabulous  ani- 
mal with  one . 
horn. 

U'ni-fi-ea/tion, 
n.  Act  of  so 
uniting  with 
another  as  to 
make  one  be- 
ing- 

U'ni-f6rm,a.  Havingalways 
the  same  form.  —  SYN. 
Equal;  even;  alike;  unde- 
viating.  —  n.  A  dress  of  the 
same  kind  worn  by  persons 
who  belong  to  the  same 
regiment,  &c. 

U'ni-form'i-ty,  n.  Resem- 
blance to  itself  at  all  times ; 
consistency ;  sameness. 

U'ni-form-ly,  adv.  In  a  uni- 
form  manner. 

Un'im-peach'a-ble,  a.  Not 
to  be  impeached ;  free  from 
stain  or  fault ;  blameless. 

Un'in-tel'li-gi-ble,  a.  Not 
intelligible;  not  to  be  un- 
derstood ;  obscure. 

Un-m'ter-est-ed,  a.  Having 
no  interest  or  property  in  ; 
not  having  the  mind  inter- 
ested or  engaged. 

Un'ion  (yuu'.yun),  n.  Act  of 
uniting ;  junction  ;  coali- 
tion ;  confederation ;  har- 
mony ;  concord ;  upper  in- 
ner corner  of  a  flag.      [ion. 

Un'ion-ist,  n.    A  lover  of  un- 

U-nip'a-rous,  a.  Producing 
one  at  a  birth. 


a,  e,  I,  o,  u,  y ,  long;  a,  e,  I,  5,  u,  y,  short ;  care, car,  ask,  all,  what ;  £re,  veil,  term ; pique,  firm  j 


UNIQUE 

U-nique'  (yu-neek') ,  a.  Single 
in  kind  or  excellence ;  with- 
out a  like  or  equal. 

U'ni-son,  n.  Agreement ; 
concord ;  union ;  accord- 
ance or  coincidence  of 
sounds. 

TJ-nis'o-nant,  )  a.    Being  in 

U-nis'o-nous,  )  unison ; 

sounded  together. 

■ft'nit,  11.  One ;  a  single  per- 
son or  thing ;  the  least 
whole  number. 

U'ni-ta'ri-an,  n.  One  who 
believes  that  God  exists  only 
in  one  person. —  a.  Per- 
taining to  Unitarians. 

U'ni-ta'ri-an-ism,  n.  The 
doctrines  of  Unitarians. 

U-nite',  v.  t.  To  join  or  put 
together;  to  form  a  whole. 
—  u.  i.  To  become  one;  to 
act  in  concert. 

U-nit'ed-ly,  adv.  With 
union,  or  joint  efforts. 

"D'ni-ty,  n.  State  of  being 
one  ;  oneness  ;  concord  ;  any 
definite  quantity  or  aggre- 
gate taken  as  one. 

TT'ni-valve,  I  a.  Having 

-U"/ni-valv'u-lar,  f  one  valve 
only,  as  a  shell. 

TT'ni- valve,  n.%  A  shell  hav- 
ing one  valve  only. 

U'ni-ver'sal,  a.  Extending 
to  all ;  whole ;  total. 

U'ni-ver'sal-ism,  n.  Belief 
that  all  men*will  be  saved. 

Tj'ni-ver'saHst,  n.  An  ad- 
herent to  Universalism. 

U'ni-ver-sal'i-ty,  n.  State 
or  quality  of  being  univer- 
sal;  unlimited  extension. 

U'ni-ver'sal-ly,  adv.l 
Throughout  the  whole. 

ti'ni-verse,  n.  The  whole  ! 
system  of  created  things. 

U'ni-ver'si-ty,  n.  An  insti- ; 
tution  where  all  the  sciences 
and  arts  are  taught. 

Un-just',  a.    Contrary  or  op-  | 

posed  to  justice ;  wrongful  ; 

iniquitous. 

Un-just'ly,  adv.  "Wrongfully. 

Un-kmd',    a.       Not    kind  ; 

cruel ;  harsh. 
Un-kmd'ly,  adv.     With  un- 
kindness  ;  cruelly.  — a.  Un- 


285 

natural ;  unfavorable  ;  ma- 
lignant. 

Un-klnd'ness,  n.  Want  of 
kindness. 

Un-knit'(-n!t'),t'.  t.  To  sep- 
arate, as  threads  that  are 
knit ;  to  open. 

Un-know'ing-ly  (-no'ing-), 
adt\     Ignorantly. 

Un-lage',  v.  t.  To  unfasten  ; 
to  loose  the  dress  of. 

Un-lade',  v.  t.  To  unload  ; 
to  discharge. 

TJn-law'ful,  a.  Not  lawful; 
contrary  to  law  ;  illegal. 

Un-law'ful-ly,  adv.  In  vio- 
lation of  law;  illegally. 

TJn-law'ful-ness,n.  Illegal- 
ity; contrariety  to  law. 

TJn-learn',  v.  t.  To  forget, 
as  what  has  been  learned. 

Un-learn'ed,  a.  Ignorant; 
illiterate.  [not. 

Un-less',  conj.      Except;    if 

Un-let'tered,  a.     Illiterate. 

Un-like',  a.  Not  like  ;  dis- 
similar ;  diverse,  [probable. 

TJn-like'ly,rt.  Not  likely  ;  im- 

Un-llke'ness.  n.  Want  of 
resemblance ;  dissimilitude. 

TJn-Hm'it-ed,  a.  Not  limited  ; 
boundless  ;  undefined  ;  in- 
definite j  not  restrained. 

Un-link',  v.  t.  To  separate, 
as  links ;  to  disconnect. 

TJn-load',  v.  t.  To  relieve  of 
a  load  ;  to  disburden. 

Un-16ck',  v.  t.  To  unfasten, 
as  what  is  locked;  to  ex- 
plain ;  to  open,    [loveliness. 

TJn-love'li-ness,  n.  Want  of 

Un-ldve'ly,  a.  Not  amiable  ; 
disagreeable ;  repellant. 

Un-luck'y,  a.  Not  lucky  ; 
unfortunate;  unhappy. 

Un-man',  v.  I.  To  deprive 
of  virility  or  strength  ;  to 
dishearten. 

Un-man'ly,  a.  Unsuitable 
to  a  man  ;  effeminate  ;  ig- 
noble; base.  [rude. 

Un-man'nered,  a.    Uncivil; 

Un-man'ner-ly,a.  Ill-bred; 
uncivil  ;  rude  in  behavior. 

Un-mask',  v.  t.    To  remove 

a  mask  or  disguise  from. 
Un-mean'ing,  a.   Having  no 
meaning  or  expression. 


UNPRINCIPLED 

Un-mer'(ji-ful,  a.  Having  no 

mercy;  cruel;  inhuman. 
Un-moor',  v.  t.     To  cause  to 
ride  with  a  single  anchor, 
after  having  been    moored 
by  two  or  more  cables. 
Un-nat'ur-al,  a      Contrary 
to  the  laws  of  nature,  or  to 
natural  feelings. 
Un-nec/es-sa-ri-ly,        adv. 

Without  necessity. 
Un-ngc/es-sa-ry,    a.       Not 
necessary  ;  useless ;  needless. 
Un-neigh'bor-ly    (-na'bur-), 
a.     Not  becoming  a  neigh- 
bor ;  unfriendly ;  unkind. 
Un-nerve',  v.  t.    To  deprive 
of  nerve  or  strength  ;  to  en- 
feeble ;  to  weaken. 
Un-num'bered.rt.  Not  num- 
bered, or  not  possible  to  be 
w  numbered ;  countless. 
Un'ob-tru'slve,  a.    Not  ob- 
trusive or  forward :  modest. 
Un-os'ten-ta'tious,  a.    Not 
ostentatious ;  not  making  a 
showy  display ;  modest. 
Unpack',  v.  t.    To  open,  as 

things  packed. 
Un-pal'a-ta-ble,  a.  Not  pala- 
table :  disagreeable. 
Un-par'al-leled,  a.    Having 
no  parallel  orequal ;  match- 
less ;  peerless. 
Un-par'lia-ment'a-ry,       a. 
Contrary  to  the  usages  of 
Parliament  or  the  rules  of 
legislative  bodies. 
Un-pln',  v.  t.     To  unfasten 
or  undo,  as  what  is  pinned. 
Un-pleas/ant,  a.    Not  pleas- 
ant ;  displeasing ;    disagree- 
able. 
Un-p6p'u-lar,  a.    Not  enjoy- 
ing public   favor:    disliked 
by  the  people  ;  disposing  to 
public  disfavor. 
Un-pr&Q'e-dent-ed,  a.    Hav- 
ing no  precedent;  novel. 
Un-prej'u-diced       (-prej'ij- 
dist),  a.     Free  from  preju- 
dice or  bias ;  impartial. 
Un-pre-tend'ing,  a.       Not 
making   pretensions ;  mod- 
est. 
Un-prm'gi-pled,  a.     Devoid 
of  moral  principle  ;  destitute 
of  virtue  ;  profligate. 


s6n,  or,  do,  wolf,  to"o,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  9,  g,  soft ;  €,  g,  hard;  as. ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


UNPRODUCTIVE 


286 


UNTIL 


IJn/pro-due'tive,  a.  Not 
fruitful ;  barren ;  sterile. 

Un-pr6f'it-a-ble,  a.  Pro- 
duciug  no  profit ;  serving  no 
purpose ;  useless. 

Un-prdm'is-ing,   a.     Giving 

_  no  promise  of  good. 

Un'pro-pl'tious  ( -pish' us ,)  a. 
Not  favorable;  dark;  dis- 
couraging ;  adverse. 

Un-qual'i-fled,  a.  Not  quali- 
fied ;  not  fit ;  absolute. 

TJn-ques'tion-a-ble  (-kwest'- 
yun-),  a.  Not  to  be  ques- 
tioned or  doubted ;  indubi- 
table ;  certain. 

Un-ques'tion-a-bly  (-kwesf- 
yun-),  adv.  Beyond  all 
doubt ;  indubitably,      [less. 

Un-qui'et,  a.    Uneasy ;  rest- 

TJn-rav'el  (-raVl,  8),  v.  t.  To 
disentangle ;  to  solve. 

TJn-re'al,  a.  Not  real ;  hav- 
ing appearance  only. 

Un-rea'gon-a-ble  (-rVzn-),  a. 
Exceeding  the  bounds  of 
reason  ;  immoderate  ;  exor- 
bitant ;  inordinate. 

TJn-rea'son-a-ble-ness,  n. 
State  of  being  unreasonable. 

Un-rea'son-a-bly,  adv.  Kx- 
cessiveTy ;  immoderately. 

Un're-gen'er-ate,  a.  Not 
regenerate  ;     remaining    at 

_  enmity  with  God. 

Un/re-lSnt'ing,  a.  Feeling 
no  pity ;  hard  ;  cruel. 

Un're-mit'ting,  a.  Not  abat- 
ing ;  incessant ;  continued  ; 

_  persevering. 

tJn're-serve',  n.    Absence  of 

_  reserve ;  perfect  frankness. 

Uii/re-ssrved',    a.       Open  ; 

__  frank*;  free  :  ingenuous. 

Un're-serv'ed-ly,  adv.  With- 
out reservation ;  frankly. 

Un-rest',  n.  Want  of  rest  or 
repose;  unquietness.  [ging. 

Un-rig'.  v.  t.    To  strip  of  rig- 

Un-right'eous  (-rl'chus),  a. 
Not  righteous  ;  unjust  ; 
wicked  ;  evil. 

Un-right'eous-ness  (-vV- 
chus-),  n.     Wickedness. 

Un-ripe',  a.  Not  ripe ;  imma- 
ture. 

Un-rl'valed,   )  a.   Having  no 

Un-ri'valled,  i  rival;  peerless. 


Un-riv'et,  v.  t.  To  loose  the 
rivets  of;  to  unfasten. 

Un-robe',  v.  t.  To  disrobe; 
to  undress. 

Un-roll',  v.  t.  To  open,  as 
what  is  rolled  ;  to  display. 

Un-roof,  v.  t.  To  strip  off 
the  roof  or  covering  of. 

TJn-rdbt',  v.  t.    To  eradicate. 

Un-ruf'fled,  a.  Not  ruffled  ; 
calm  ;  tranquil ;  quiet. 

Un-ru'ly,  a.  Ungovernable ; 
turbulent ;  refractory. 

TJn-sad'dle,  v.  t.  To  take  a 
saddle  from ;  to  unhorse. 

Un-safe',  a.  Not  safe  ;  not 
free  from,  danger  ;  danger- 
ous; perilous. 

Un-sal'a-ble  (11),  a.  Not  hav- 
ing a  quick  sale. 

Un-sat'is-fae'to-ry,  a.  Not 
affording  satisfaction. 

Un-sa'vor-y,  a.  Not  savory  ; 
having  a  bad  taste ;  insipid. 

TJn-say',  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
unsaid.]  To  recall,  as 
what  has  been  said. 

Un-s«rew'  (-skrn/),  v.  t.  To 
loose  from  screws  ;  to  with- 
draw, as  a  screw. 

Un-s€ru'pu-lous,  a.  Having 
no  scruples  ;   unprincipled. 

Un-seal',  v.  t.  To  open,  as 
what  is  sealed. 

Un-search'a-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  searched  into  ;  inscruta- 
ble; mysterious. 

Un-sea'§on-a-ble  (-se'zn-),^. 
Not  seasonable  ;  ill-timed  ; 
untimely  :  unfit. 

Un-sea'son-a-bly,  adv.  Not 
in  due  season,   [from  a  seat. 

TJn-seat',    v.    t.      To    throw 

Un-seem'ly,  a.  Not  seemly  ; 
unbecoming  ;  indecent ;  im- 
proper. —  adv.    Indecently. 

TJn-seen',  a.  Not  seen  ;  invisi- 
ble, [disturb. 

TJn-sSt'tle,  v.  t.  To  unfix ;  to 

Un-shack'le,  v.  t.  To  loose 
from  shackles  ;  to  set  free. 

Un-shak'en,  a.  Not  shaken  ; 
firm  ;  stable. 

Un-sheathe',  v.  t.  To  draw 
from  the  sheath.        [a  ship. 

Un-ship',  v.  t.  To  take  out  of 

Un-slght'ly  (-slt'ly),  a.  Not 
sightly  ;  deformed  ;  ugly. 


Un-Sklll'ful,  )   a.      Wanting 

Un-skil'fui,  )  skill  or  dex- 
terity ;  clumsv. 

Un-skill'ful-ness,  1  n.  Want 

Un-skil'fu'1-ness,  J  of  skill; 
clumsiness. 

Un-so'cia-ble  (nso'sha-bl),  a. 
Not  sociable  ;  averse  to  so- 
ciety. 

TJn/so-phis'ti-ea'ted,  a.  Not 
adulterated  ;  pure  ;    s-imple. 

Un-sound',  a.  Not  sound ; 
defective  ;  deceptive. 

Un-sound'ness,  n.  Defect- 
iveness ;  infirmity. 

Un-spar'ing,  a.  Not  sparing ; 
liberal ;  profuse. 

Un-speak'a-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
uttered  or  expressed;  inef- 
fable ;  unutterable. 

Uu-speak'a-bly,  adv.  In- 
expressibly ;  unutterably. 

Un-sp6t'ted,  a.  Not  spotted  ; 
spotless  ;  pure ;  immaculate. 

Un-sta'ble,  a.  Not  stable  or 
steady.  —  Syn.  Inconstant; 
irresolute  ;  wavering ;  muta- 
ble; changeful. 

Un-stead'y,  a.  Not  steady  ; 
mutable  ;  variable  ;  change- 
able. 

Un-stop',  v.  t.  To  take  a 
stopple  or  any  obstruction 
from  ;  to  open. 

Un-string',  v.  t.  To  deprive 
of  strings  ;  to  relax  ;  to 
loosen  ;     to    take    from    a 

_  string. 

Un/su-e-ggss'ful.  a.  Not  suc- 
cessful ;  meeting  with  fail- 
ure;  unhappy. 

TTn-suit'a-ble,  a.  Not  suit- 
able; unfit;  improper. 

TJn-suit'a-bly,  adv.  In  an 
unsuitable  manner;  incon- 
gruously, [song. 

TJn-sung',  a.    Not  recited  in 

Un-swathe',  v.  t.  To  relieve 
from  a  bandage. 

Un-tam'a-ble,  a.  Not  to  be 
tamed  or  subdued. 

Un-think'ing,  a.  Thought- 
less ;  inconsiderate. 

Un-thrift'y,  a.  Prodigal ;  not 
thriving;  profuse;  lavish. 

Un-tie',  ■».  t.  To  loosen,  as  a 
knot ;  to  unbind. 

Un-tll'   (16),  prep.     Till;   as 


Ui  y>  long >'  **,  e,  I,  o,  Q,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  ah,  what ;  Cre,  veil,  term ;  pYque,  firm 


UNTIMELY 


287 


URGENCY 


fer  as.  —  conj.  Up  to  the 
time  that ;  till. 

Un-time'ly,  a.  Not  timely  ; 
premature ;  unseasonable. 

Un-tir'ing,  a.  Not  tiring : 
enduring  ;  patient ;  indefat- 
igable. 

Un'to,  prep.   To. 

Un-told',  a.  Not  told ;  not  re- 
lated ;  not  numbered. 

Un-t6'ward,  a.  Froward  ;  re- 
fractory ;  awkward ;  cross  ; 
inconvenient. 

Un-traet'a-ble,  a.  Ungovern- 
able ;  stubborn ;  intractable. 

Un-trav'eled,  a.  Not  trodden 
by  passengers  ;  not  trav- 
eled ;  never  having  seen 
foreign  countries. 

Un-true',  a.  Not  true  ;  false ; 
contrary  to  fact ;  disloyal. 

Un-tru/ly,  atft\    Falsely. 

Un-truss',  v.  t.  To  loose  from 
a  truss ;  to  let  out. 

Un-truth',  n.  Falsehood  ; 
treachery ;  a  lie. 

Un-twlne',  v.  t.   To  untwist. 

Un-twist',  v.  t.  To  separate 
and  open,  as  twisted 
threads ;  to  disentangle. 

Un-u§ed',  a.  Not  used  ;  not 
accustomed. 

Un-u'su-al  (-yu'zhu-),  a.  Not 
usual ;  uncommon  ;  rare  ; 
infrequent. 

Un-ut'ter-a-ble,  a.  Not  to 
be  uttered;  inexpressible. 

Un-var'nished  (-var'nisht), 
a.  Not  varnished  ;  plain  ; 
truthful. 

Un-veil',  v.  t.  To  remove  a 
veil  from  ;  to  uncover. 

Un-wa'ri-ly,  adv.  Heedlessly ; 
carelessly. 

Un-wa'ri-ness,  n.  Want  of 
caution  ;  heedlessness. 

Un-war'rant-a-ble  (un-wor'- 
rant-),  a.  Not  warrantable ; 
illegal ;  improper. 

Un-war'rant-a-bly,  adv. 
Without  warrant  or  author- 
ity ;  improperly. 

Un-wa/ry,  a.  Not  vigilant  or 
cautious  ;  precipitate. 

Un-wea'ried,  a.  Not  wea- 
ried ;  indefatigable. 

Un-weave'.  v.  t.  To  undo,  as 
what  has  been  woven. 


Un-well',  a.  Not  well ;  indis- 
posed; ill;  ailing. 

Un-whole'some  (-hol'sum), 
a.  Not  wholesome ;  insalu- 
brious. 

Un-wield'y,  a.  Unmanage- 
ble  ;  bulky  ;  ponderous. 

Un-will'ing,  a.  Not  willing ; 
reluctant  ;  loath ;  disin- 
clined. 

Un-wind',  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
unwound.]  To  wind  off; 
to  untwist ;  to  disentangle. 

Un-wi§e',  a.  Not  wise  ;  in- 
judicious; indiscreet. 

Un-wit'ting-ly,  adv.  With- 
out knowledge ;  ignorantly. 

Un-wont'ed,  a.  Unaccus- 
tomed ;  uncommon  ;  infre- 
quent ;  rare. 

Un-wor'thi-ly  (-wQr'thT-), 
adv.  Not  according  to  desert. 

Un-wor'thi-ness  (-wGVthi-), 
n.     Want  of  worth. 

Un-wor'thy  (-wGr'thy),  a. 
Not  worthy  ;  wanting  merit ; 
worthless ;  discreditable. 

Un- wreathe'  (-reeth/),  r.  t. 
To  untwist,  as  any  thing 
wreathed. 

Un-  writ  'ten  (-rit'tn),  a.  Not 
written  ;  oral ;  blank. 

Un-yield'ing,  a.  Not  yield- 
ing ;  stubborn ;  obstinate. 

Un-yoke',  v.  t.  To  loose  from 

_  a  yoke. 

Up,  adv.  Aloft  ;  on  high  ; 
above ;  from  a  lower  to  a 
higher  position  ;  in  a  higher 
place  or  position  ;  complete- 
ly.— prep.  From  a  lower 
to  a  higher  place  on  or 
along ;  at  the  top  of. 

Up-braid',  v.  t.  To  charge 
with  something  wrong  ;  to 
reprove  severely.  —  Syn.  To 
reproach  ;  blame ;  censure. 

Up'«ast,  a.  Thrown  upward. 

Up-heave',  V.  t.  To  heave  or 
lift  up  from  beneath. 

Up-heav'al,    n.    A   heaving 

•  up  from  beneath. 

Up'hill,  a.  Ascending;  diffi- 
cult ;  laborious. 

Up-hold',  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
UPHELD.]  To  elevate ;  to 
support ;  to  maintain  ;  to 
countenance. 


Up-hold'er,  n.  One  who  up- 
holds, [furnishes  houses. 
Up-hol'ster-er,  n.  One  who 
Up-hol'ster-y,  n.  Furniture 
_  supplied  by  upholsterers. 
Up'land,  n.   High  land.  —  a. 

Higher  in  situation. 
Up-llft',  v.t.    To  raise  aloft. 
Up-6n',  prep.     On  ;  —  in  all 

the  senses  of  that  word. 
Up'pcr,    a.        Further    up  ; 

higher  in  place ;  superior. 
Up'per-hand7,  n.    Ascenden- 

cy  ;  superiority. 
Up'per-most,  a.    nighest  in 

place  or  rank.  [lift  up. 

Up-raise',  v.  t.    To  raise  ^to 
Up'right  or  Up-rig-ht'  (-rlt), 

a.    Erect  ;     perpendicular ; 

just ;  honest. 
Up'right-ly  or  Up-rl^ht'ly 

(-rlt-),  adv.     In  an  upright 

manner  ;  honestly. 
Up'right-ness  or  Up-rig-ht'- 

ness  (-rit-),  n.    Erectness  ; 

honesty. 
Up'roar,  n.    Great  noise  and 

disturbance;  tumult. 
Up-root',  v.  t.  To  root  up  ;  to 

eradicate. 
Up-set',  v.  t.  To  overturn ;  to 

overset.  [elusion. 

Up'shot,  n.  Final  i?sue ;  con- 
TJp'side,  n.  The  upper  side. 
Up'start,   n.     One  suddenly 

raised  to  wealth  or  power. 
Up'ward,    a.    Directed  to  a 

higher  place. 
Up'ward,    )  adv.    Toward  a 
Up'ward§, J      higher  place  ; 

above ;  in  the  upper  parts. 
U-ra'ni-um,?i.   A  metal. 
U'ran-Sg'ra-phy,  (  n.    A  de- 
U'ran-61'o-gy,       )  scription 

of  the  heavens  and  heaven- 
ly bodies.  [ets. 
U'ra-nus,  n.  One  of  the  plan- 
Ur'ban,  a.    Pertaining   to  a 

city. 
Ur-bane',  a.    Polite;  court- 
eous ;  refined. 
Ur-ban'i-ty,  n.    Politeness  ; 

courtesy.  •  [hog. 

Ur'chin,  n.  A  child ;  a  hedge- 
Urge,  v .  t.     To  impress  ;    to 

impel ;  to  incite;  to  solicit. 
Ur'gen-gy,  n.     Pressure  of 

necessity ;  importunity. 


s6n,  6r,  dg,  wolf,  too,  tdbk ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  9,  g,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  as. ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


URGENT 

Ur'gent,  a.  Pressing  ;  ear- 
nest ;  importunate. 

TJ'ri-nal,  n.  A  vessel  for  urine. 

"O'ri-na-ry,  a.  Relating  to,  or 

_  resembling,  urine. 

tf'rine,  n.  A  fluid  secreted  by 
the  kidneys. 

Urn,  n.     A  vessel  of  various 

^  form  ;  a  kind  of  vase.     [  We. 

Us  (2),  pron.  Objective  case  of 

fjs/age(ll),  n.  Modeof using; 
treatment  ;  custom  ;  long- 
continued  practice. 

Use  (yuss),  n.  Act  of  employ- 
ing ;  employment  ;  necessi- 
ty ;  utility  ;  practice  ;  cus- 
tom ;  interest. 

U§e  (yuz^,  *.  t.  To  employ  ; 
to  handle ;  to  treat :  to  con- 
sume ;  to  render  familiar. — 
v.  i.    To  be  accustomed. 

Use'ful,  a.  Serviceable  ;  prof- 
itable ;  beneficial. 

Use'ful-ly,  adv.  With  use  or 
profit. 

Use'ful-ness,  n.  Quality  of 
being  useful ;  utility. 

Use'less,  a.  Having  no  use ; 
answering  no  purpose  ; 
vain  ;  fruitless  ;  ineffectual. 

Ush'er,  n.  An  officer  to  in- 
troduce strangers,  or  to 
walk   before    a   person    of 


288 

rank  ;  an  under  teacher.  — 

_  v.  t.  (8)  To  introduce. 

Us'que-baugh  (-baw),  n.  A 
kind  of  whisky. 

tj'su-al  (yu'zhu-),  a.  Custom- 
ary ;  common ;  ordinary. 

tT'§u-al-ly,  adv.    Customary. 

TPsu-eap'tion,  n.  Acquisi- 
tion of  a  right  to  property 
by  possession  of  it  for  a  cer- 
tain    prescribed     term    of 

_  years. 

"O'su-fru-et  (yij'zhu-),  n. 
Right  of  using  another's 
property  without  impairing 
the  substance. 

U'su-rer  (yu'zhij-),  n.  One 
who  practices  usury. 

U-su'ri-ous  (yu-zu'-),  a. 
Practicing  usury. 

U-surp',  v.  t.  To  seize  and 
hold  possession  of  wrong- 
fully or  by  force. 

U'sur-pa/tion,  n.  Illegal 
seizure  or  possession . 

U-surp'er,  n.  One  who 
usurps. 

U'su-ry  (yu'zhu-),  n.  Ex- 
orbitant or  illegal  interest 
for  the  use  of  money. 

U-ten'sil,  n.  An  instrument ; 
a  household  implement  or 


VAIN 

tj'ter-ine,  a.  Born  of  the 
same  mother,  but  by  a  dif- 
ferent father. 

U-tiPi-ta'ri-an,  a.  Pertaining 
to  utility.  —  n.  One  who 
considers  utility  as  the  sole 
standard  of  virtue. 

U-til'i-ta'ri-an-ism,  n.  Doc- 
trine or  system  of  general 
utility. 

U-til'i-ty,  n.  Production  of 
good  ;  profit ;  usefulness. 

Ut'most,  a.  Extreme  ;  last  ; 
greatest.  —  n.  The  most 
that  can  be. 

U-to'pi-an,  a.    Ideal;  fanci- 

_  ful ;  chimerical. 

Ut'ter,  a.  Outward  ;  extreme ; 
absolute  ;  entire.  —  v.  t.  To 
speak  ;  to  pronounce ;  to  put 

w  in  circulation. 

Ut'ter-ange.  n.  Act  or  man- 
ner of  uttering  ;  circulation ; 

_  pronunciation. 

Ut'ter-ly,  adv.  Completely ; 
fully. 

Ut'ter-most,  a.  Furthest ; 
most  remote;  extreme.  —  n. 
Greatest  degree. 

U've-otts,  a.    Like  a  grape. 

Ux-6'ri-ous,  a.  Submissively 
or  excessively  fond  of  a 
wife. 


V. 


V(ve),  is  only  another  form 
of  the  character  U,  the 
two  letters  having  formerly 
been  used  indiscriminately, 
the  one  for  the  other. 

Va'-ean-gy,  n.  Emptiness  ; 
leisure  ;  vacuity ;  an  unoc- 
cupied office. 

V&'-eant,  a.  Empty  ;  void  ; 
unoccupied ;  abandoned. 

Va'-eate,  v.  t.  To  leave  empty  ; 
to  an*nul.  [recess. 

Va-ea/tion,  n.  Intermission ; 

Va-e'Qi-nate,  v.  t.  To  inocu- 
kite  with  cow  pox  by  means 
of  virus  taken  (usually  indi- 
rectly) from  cows. 


Va-e'Qi-na'tion,  n.  Art  or 
act  of  vaccination  ;  inocula- 
tion with  cow-pox. 

Va-e'Qine,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  derived  from,  cows,  or 
from  vaccination. 

Vac/il-lan-gy, n.  Vacillaton. 

Vac/il-late,  v.  i.  To  waver  ; 
to  reel ;  to  fluctuate. 

Vag'il-la'tion,  n.  Act  of 
vacillating  ;  a  wavering  ; 
unsteadiness ;  inconstancy. 

Va-eu'i-ty,  n.  Emptiness  ; 
void  ;  vacuum. 

Vk'u-um,  n.  Empty  space. 

Vag'a-b6nd,  n.  A  vagrant. 
—  a.      Wandering    idly  or 


without  any  settled  habita- 
tion, [whim. 

Va-ga'ry  (19),  n.  A  freak  ;  a 

Va'gran-Qy,  it.  A  wandering 
without  a  settled  home. 

Va'grant,  a.  AVandering ; 
unsettled.  —  n.  An  •  idle 
wanderer  ;  a  strolling  beg- 
gar ;  a  tramp. 

Vague,  a  Unsettled  ;  indefi- 
nite ;  loose.  [manner. 

Vague'ly,  adv.     In  a  vague 

Vail,  n.  A  covering  to  con- 
ceal;  a  veil. —  v.t.  To  hide 
from  sight ;  to  cover. 

Vain,  a.  Fruitless ;  ineffect- 
ual ;  having  a  high  opinion 


a, 6, 1,5,  u,  y, long ;  ?;  6,  i, d,u,$, short ;  care, car, ask,  all,  what;  ere,  vail,  term  ;  pique,  firm  ; 


v 


A1NGL0RI0US 


of  one's  self,  or  of  what  be- 
longs to  one.  [ftd- 

Vain-glo'ri-oiis,  a.      Boast- 

Vain-glo'ry,  n.  Empty  pride. 

Viiin'iy,  adv.  Without  effect ; 
with  empty  pride. 

Val'ance,7i.  Drapery  round 
a  bedstead.  [valley. 

Vale,  n.     A   low  ground  ;   a 

Val'e-di-c'tion,  n.  A  bidding 
farewell ;  an  adieu. 

VaPe-die'to-ry,  a.  Bidding 
farewell.  —  n.  A  farewell 
address. 

Val'en-tlne,  n.  A  sweetheart 
chosen,  or  a  letter  seut  to  a 
sweetheart,  on  St.  Valen- 
tine's day,  the  Uth  of  Feb. 

Va-le'ri-aii,  n.  A  plant  used 
in  medicine. 

Val'et  (or  val'ii),  n.  A  person- 
al attendant. 

Val'e-tu'di-na'ri-an,  a.  Sick- 
ly ;  infirm. — ft.  A  person 
in  a  weak  state  of  health. 

Val'e-tu'di-na-ry,  a.  In- 
firm .;  sickly ;  weakly  ;  seek- 
ing to  recover  health. 

Val'iant,  a.  Intrepid  in 
danger  ;  performed  with 
valor.  —  Sy.n  .  Stout ;  bold  ; 
brave  ;  courageous  ;  heroic. 

Val'id,  a.  Firm  ;  good  in  law. 

Va-Kd'i-ty,  n,  ->  Legal  force  ; 
strength  ;  cogency. 

Va-li'se',  n.  A  travehng-case ; 
a  portmanteau. 

Val-la/tion,  n.  A  rampart ; 
an  intrenchment. 

Val'ley  (19),  n.  A  low  place 
between  hills  ;  a  vale. 

Val'or  (33),  n.  Courage  ; 
bravery  :  prowess  ;  intrepid- 
ity ;  gallantry. 

Vai'or-ous,  a.  Valiant ;  gal- 
lant ;  brave.  [precious. 

Val'u-a-blo,  a;  Having  value  ; 

Val'u-a'tion,  n.  Act  of  fix- 
ing the  value  ;  appraise- 
ment ;  value  set. 

Val'ue,  n.  Worth  ;  price  ; 
rate.  —  v.  t.  To  estimate 
the  worth  of ;  to  rate  ;  to 
appraise  ;  to  prize. 

Valve,  n.  A  folding  door  ;  a 
lid  opening  only  one  way. 

Valv'u-lar,  a.  Having,  or  re- 
lating to,  valves. 


289 

Vamp,  n.  Upper  leather  of  I 
a  shoe.  —  v.  t.  To  put  new  | 
upper  leather  on ;  to  mend.  ! 

Vam'pire,  n.  A  species  of 
bat ;  a  fabled  demon. 

Van,  n.  Front  of  an  army  ; 
a  kind  of  wagon. 

Van'dal,  n.  A  man  of  un- 
common ferocity  ;  an  igno- 
rant barbarian. 

Van'dal-ism,  n.  Ferocious 
cruelty ;  barbarism. 

Van-dyke',  n.  A  kind  of 
neckerchief  with  points. 

Vane,  n.  A  plate  to  show  the 
direction  of  the  wind  ;  a 
weathercock. 

Van'guard,  n.  Troops  in 
front ;  first  line  of  an  army. 

Va-nil'la,  n.  A  tropical 
plant,  and  an  oil  and  a  per- 
fume extracted  from  it. 

Van'ish,  v.  i.  To  disappear; 
to  become  invisible. 

Van'i-ty,  n.  Empty  pride  ; 
ostentation ;  conceit. 

Van'quish  (vank'wish),  v.  t. 
To  conquer ;  to  subdue ;  to 
overcome ;  to  beat. 

Van'tage,  n.     Superiority. 

Van'tage-ground,  n.  Su- 
periority of  place  or  state. 

Vap'id,  a.  Spiritless  ;  flat ; 
insipid ;  dull. 

Va'por  (33),  n.  A  fluid  ren- 
dered aeriform  by  heat  ; 
steam  ;  (pi. )  a  disease  of 
debility.  —  v.  i.  To  emit 
vapor ;  to  brag  ;  to  boast. 

Vap'o-ra'tion,  n.  Act  of  con- 
verting into  vapor. 

Va'por-bath,  n.  A  bath  of 
vapor  or  steam. 

Vap'or-ize,t\  t.  To  convert 
into  vapor. 

Va'por-y,  a.  Full  of  vapors  ; 
splenetic  ;  peevish. 

Va'ri-a-ble,  a.  Changeable ; 
mutable  ;  inconstant. 

Va'ri-a-ble-ness,  n.  Aptness 
to  change  ;  inconstancy. 

Va'ri-a-bly,  adv.  Change- 
ably  :  inconstantly. 

Va'ri-ange,  n.  Disagreement. 

Va/ri-a'tion,  n.  A  change; 
deviation  ;  difference. 

Var'i-€5se,  o.  Preterpatu- 
rally  enlarged,  as  a  vein. 


VEGETABLE 

Va/ri-e-gate,  v.t.  To  diver- 
sify ;  to  vary. 

Va/ri-e-ga'tion,  n.  Diversity 
of  colors. 

Va-ri'e-ty,  n.  Change  ;  dif- 
ference ^diversity. 

Va'ri-o-loid,  or  Var'i-o- 
loid',  n.  A  disease  resem- 
bling the  small-pox. 

Va-rl'o-lous,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  small-pox. 

Va/ri-ous,  a.  Different ;  di- 
verse, [cnt  ways. 

Va'ri-oiis-ly,  adv.     In  dulir- 

Var'let.  n.  A  servant  or  foot- 
man ;  a  scoundrel ;  a  rascal. 

Var'nish,  n.  A  glossy  liquid. 
—  v.  P.  To  lay  varnish  on. 

Va'ry  (13),  v.  t.  To  alter  ; 
to  differ;  to  diversify. —  v.  i. 
To  be  altered  in  any  man- 
ner ;  to  be  different ;  to  de- 
viate ;  to  depart :  to  disagree. 

Vas'-eu-lar,  a.  Relating  to, 
or  consisting  of,  vessels. 

Vase  (in,  England,  vaz  or 
vaz),  n.  An  ornamental 
urn-shaped  vessel. 

Vas'sal,  n.  A  dependent  ;  a 
bondman. 

Vas'sal-age,  n.  Slavery  ; 
bondage ;  thralldom. 

Vast,  a.  Immense  ;  great ; 
numerous ;  enormous. 

Vas-ta'tion,  n.  A  laying 
waste ;  devastation.  [ly. 

Vast'ly,  adv.   Greatly ;  huge- 

Vast'ness,  n.  Immense  ex- 
tent ;  immensity. 

Vat,  n.    A  large  cistern. 

Va-tic/i-nate,  v.  i,  To  proph- 
esy ;  to  foretell.  [cy. 

Va-tlc/i-na/tion,  n.    Prophe- 

Vault,  n.  A  continued  arch, 
or  an  arched  roof  or  ceiling  ; 
a  cellar.  —  r.  t.  To  arch  ; 
to  cover  with,  or  shape  to, 
a  vault.  —  r.  t.     To  leap. 

Vault'ed,  a.  Arched;  con- 
cave. 

Vaunt  (vant),  v.  i.  To  boast  ; 
to  brag.  —  n .  Vain  boast. 

Veal,  n.     Flesh  of  a  calf. 

Ve-dette'  (ve-def),  n.  A  sen- 
tinel on  horseback. 

Veer,  v.  t.  or  *\  To  turn  ;  to 
turn  aside  ;  to  change. 

Veg'e-ta-ble,  n.    A  plant,  es- 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  tcR),  took  ;  dm,  rue,  pyll ;  c,  g,  soft ;  e,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ; 


YEGETATE 


290 


YEEJUICE 


pecially  an  edible  plant.  —  a. 
Of  the  nature  of  plants. 

Veg'e-tate,  v.  i.  To  grow,  as 
plants.  [plants. 

Veg'e-ta'tion,  n.  Growth  of 

Veg'e-ta'tive,  a.  Growing, 
as  plants. 

Ve'he-menge,  n.  Violent  ac- 
tivity or  force ;  ardor. 

Ve'he-ment,  a.  Acting  with 
force.  —  Syn.  Furious  ;  ear- 
nest ;  ardent ;  eager. 

Vc'hi-ele,  n.     A  carriage. 

Veil,  n.  A  thin  cover  for 
the  face.  —  v.  t.  To  throw  a 
veil  over;  to  conceal. 

Vein,  n.  A  vessel  which  re- 
turns the  blood  to  ttie  heart ; 
a  current.  —  v.  t.  To  form 
or  mark  with  veins. 

Veined,  )  a.    Full  of  veins  ; 

Vein'y,  }      variegated. 

Vel'lum,  n.  A  fine  kind  of 
parchment. 

Ve-log'i-pede,  n.  A  kind  of 
light  vehicle  for,  and  pro- 
pelled by,  a  single  person. 

Ve-log'i-ty,  n.  Swiftness  ;  ra- 
pidity; celerity;  speed. 

Vel'vet,  n.  A  rich  silk  stuff, 
or  stuff  of  silk  and  cotton, 
with  a  thick  nap. — a.  Like 
velvet;  soft;  smooth. 

Vel'vet-een',  n.  A  kind  of 
velvet  made  partly  of  cot- 
ton, [vet. 

Vel'vet-y,  a.     Soft ;  like  vel- 

Ve'nal,  a.  Mercenary  ;  sor- 
did ;  —  pertaining  to  a  vein, 
or  to  veins. 

Ve-nal'i-ty,  n.  Mercenari- 
ness. 

Vendf  v.  t.  To  sell ;  to  offer 
for  sale. 

Ven-dee',  n.  One  to  whom 
a  thing  is  sold. 

Vend'er,  n.    One  who  sells. 

Vend'i-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  sold ;  salable. 

Ven-di'tion  (-dlsh'un),  n. 
Act  of  selling  ;  sale. 

Ven-due',  n.  Public,  sale  to 
the  highest  bidder ;  auction. 

Ve-neer',  v.  t.  To  overlay 
with  thiu  pieces  of  wood.  — 
n.  Thin  slices  of  a  valuable 
wood  for  overlaying  some  in- 
ferior material. 


Ven'er-a-ble,  a.  Worthy  of 
veneration  or  reverence. 

Ven'er-ate,  v.  t.  To  regard 
with  respect  and  reverence. 

Ven'er-a'tion,  n.  Highest 
degree  of  respect  and  rev- 
erence. 

Ve-ne're-al,  a.  Relating  to 
sexual  intercourse. 

Ven'e-se-e'tion,  n.  Act  of 
opening  a  vein  to  let  blood. 

Venge'ange,  n.  Infliction  of 
pain  in  return  for  an  injury ; 
revenge. 

Venge'ful,  a.  Vindictive  ; 
revengeful.  [cusable. 

Ve'ni-al,  a.   Pardonable ;  ex- 

Ven'i-son  (ven'i-zn  or  ven'- 
zn),  n.  The  flesh  of  deer, 
hares,  &c.  [spite. 

Ven'om,  n.   Poison  ;  malice  ; 

Ven'om-ous,  a.     Poisonous. 

Ve'nous,  a.  Contained  in, 
or  relating  to,  the  veins. 

Vent,  n.  A  passage  for  a 
fluid.  —  v.  t.  To  "let  out ; 
to  emit ;  to  utter;  to  report. 

Vent'-hole,  n.  A  small  hole 
for  air ;  a  vent.  [for  air. 

Ven'ti-du-et,    n.     A   passage 

Ven'ti-late,r.  t.  To  fan;  to 
expose  to  air  ;  to  make  pub- 
lic. 

Ven'ti-la/tion,  n.  Act  of  ven- 
tilating. 

Ven'ti-la/tor,  n.  One  who 
ventilates  ;  a  contrivance  to 
introduce  pure  air. 

Ven'tral,  a.  Belonging  to 
the  belly. 

Ven'tri-ele,  n.  A  cavity  in 
an  animal  body,  as  of  the 
brain,  larynx,  or  heart. 

Ven-tril'o-quism,  n.  Art  of 
speaking  so  that  the  voice 
seems  to  come  from  a  dis- 
tance. 

Ven-tril'o-quist,  n.  One  who 
practices  ventriloquism. 

Vent'ure,  v.  i.  To  have  cour- 
age to  do  or  undertake  some- 
thing; to  run  a  risk.  —  Syn. 
To  dare ;  hazard  ;  risk.  — n. 
A  risking ;  hazard ;  chance ; 
contingency;  stake. 

Vent'ure-some,  )  a.  Inclined 

Vent'ur-oiis,  I  to  vent- 
ure ;  bold ;  daring. 


Ven'ue,  n.  A  neighborhood, 
or  near  place. 

Ve'nus,  n.  Goddess  of  female 
beauty  and  love ;  a  planet. 

Ve-ra'cious,  a.  Observant 
of  truth  ;  truthful. 

Ve-rac/i-ty,  n.  Observance 
of  truth ;  truthfulness. 

Ve-ran'da  (18),  n.  A  kind  of 
open  portico. 

Verb,  n.  A  word  which  af- 
firms something  of  some 
person  or  thing. 

Verb'al,  a.  Spoken  ;  oral  ; 
relating  to  words ;  literal. 

Verb'al-ly,  adv.  By  word  of 
mouth ;  orally. 

Ver-ba/tim,  adv.  Word  for 
word :  in  the  same  words. 

Ver'bi-age,  n.  Wordiness; 
verbosity. 

Ver-bose',  a.  Abounding  in 
words;  prolix;  wordy. 

Ver-b6s'i-ty,  n.  The  use  of 
too  many  words  ;  prolixity. 

Ver'dan-gy,  n.  Greenness ; 
rawness.  [raw. 

Ver'dant,  a.     Green  ;  fresh ; 

Ver'di-et,  n.  The  decision  of 
a  jury  in  a  case  submitted 
to  them  ;  opinion  pro- 
nounced, [copper. 

Ver'di-gris,  n.  Green  rust  of 

Verd'iire,  n.  Greenness  ; 
freshness  of  vegetation. 

Verge,  n.  A  kind  of  rod  or 
mace;  border;  brink;  edge. 
—  v.  i.  To  approach  the 
limits  ;  to  incline ;  to  tend. 

Verg'er,  n.     A  mace-bearer. 

Ver'i-fi-ea/tion,  n.  Act  of 
verifying ;  confirmation. 

Ver'i-fy,  v.  t.  To  prove  to 
be  true  ;  to  confirm  ;  to  au- 
thenticate, [tainly. 

Ver'i-ly,  adv.     Truly ;    cer- 

VeVi-s'im'i-lar,  a.  Probable. 

Verl-si-mll'i-tGde,  n.  Re- 
semblance to  truth;  prob- 
ability ;  likelihood. 

Ver'i-ta-ble,  a.  Agreeable  to 
fact;  true;  actual;  real. 

Ver'i-ta-bly,  adv.  Really  ; 
truly  ;  actually.  [ality. 

Ver'i-ty  (19),  n.    Truth  ;  re- 

Ver'juige,  n.  Sour  juice  ex- 
pressed from  wild  apples, 
green  grapes,  &c. 


, — _ — . ^ — 

5,e,  i,6,u,y,  long;  a, 8,1,  o,0,  y,  short ;  care,  car, ask,  all, what;  ore, veil,  term  ;  pique,  firm  ; 


VERMICELLI 


291 


VICINAGE 


Ver'mi-cel'li  (-chSl'H  or 
-sel'li),  n.  A  paste  made 
into  a  slender,  worm-like 
form.  [worm. 

Ver-mi-c'u-lar,   a.      Like   a 

Ver-mi-e'u-late,  v.  t.  To  in- 
lay so  as  to  give  the  appear- 
ance  of  the  tracks  of  worms. 

Ver-mic'u-la'tion,  n.  Mo-  | 
tion  like  that  of  a  worm,  or 
something  resemhling  such 
motion.       [to  expel  worms. 

Ver'mi-fuge,  n.    A  medicine 

Ver-mil'ion  (-mil'yun),  n. 
A  bright  red  pigment  or 
color ;  cochineal. 

Ver'min.n.  All  sorts  of  small 
noxious  animals. 

Ver-mlp'a-rous,  a.  Produ- 
cing worms.        [on  worms. 

Ver-mlv'o-rous,  a.    Feeding 

Ver-na€'u-lar,  a.  Native ; 
belonging  to  the  country  of 
one's  birth. 

Ver'nal,  a.  Belonging  to,  or 
appearing  in,  the  spring. 

Ver'sa-tile,  a.  Turning  with 
ease  from  one  thing  to  an- 
other; variable. 

Ver'sa-tll'i-ty,  n.  Quality 
of  being  versatile. 

Verse  (18),  7r.  A  single  line 
of  poetry  ;  a^short  division 
of  a  prose  composition. 

Versed  (verst),  a.  Well 
skilled ;  practiced ;  acquaint- 
ed; conversant. 

Ver'  si-f  i-ea/tion ,  « .  The  art 
of  composing  verses. 

Ver'si-fl'er,  n.  One  who 
turns  prose  into  verse. 

V3r'si-fy,  v.  t.  To  describe 
in  verse ;  to  turn  into  verse. 
—  v.  i.    To  make  verses. 

Ver'sion,  n.     A  translation. 

Vor'te-bra,  n.  (pi.  Ver'te- 
brae,  25. )  One  of  the  joints 
of  the  spine,    [the  vertebrae. 

Ver'te-bral,  a.    Relating  to 

VSr'te-brate,  o.     Having  a 
back-bone.  —  n.  An  animal 
having  a  back-bone. 
Ver'te-bre  (-ber),  n.    A  ver- 
tebra ;  a  joint  of  the  spiDe. 
Ver'tex,  n    (pi.  Ver'tex-es 
or   Ver'ti-ges,    25.)      The 
crown  or  top ;  summit. 
Ver'ti-eal,  a.     Being  in  the 


zenith ;  perpendicular ;  up-  VSt'er-i-na-ry ,  a.  Pertaining 
right ;  plumb.  to   the   art   of  healing  the 

Ver-tlc/i-ty,  n.  Power  of  diseases  of  domestic  animals, 
turning;  rotation.  Ve'to  (18),  n.     An  authorita- 

Ver-tig'i-nous,  a.  Affected  tive  prohibition.  —  v.  t.  To 
'  with  vertigo  ;  giddy  ;  dizzy.    !      forbid  the  enactment  of. 

Ver'ti-go,  n.  A  swimming  >  VSx,  v.  t.  To  tease  ;  to  pro- 
of the  head  ;  dizziness.  j      voke  ;  to  irritate. 

Ver'vain,  n.    A  plant.  |  Vex-a'tion,  n.   Act  of  irritat- 

Ver'y,  a.     True;  real;  actu-        ing;  trouble;  aniioyance. 


al.  —  adv.  In  or  to  a  great 
degree;  eminently. 

Ves'i-eate,  v.  t.    To  blister. 

Ves'i-ea'tion,  n.  Act  of 
raising  blisters. 

Ves'i-ea-to-ry,  a.  Having  a 
power  to  blister.  —  n  A 
blistering  application. 

Ves'i-ele,  n.  A  little  air- 
bladder. 

Ve-si-e'u-lar,  a.  Pertaining 
to,  or  consisting  of,  vesicles. 

Ves'per,  n.  Thecveningstar; 
evening ;  Venus  ;  (pi. )  even- 
ing song  or  service. 

Ves'sel,  n.  A  hollow  dish 
of  any  kind ;  a  cask ;  a  tube ; 
any  structure  intended  for 
navigation,  &c. 

Vest,  n.  Any  garment ;  a 
waistcoat.  — v.  t.  To  clothe  ; 
to  put  in  possession.  —  v.  i. 
To  come  or  descend. 

Ves'tal,  a.  Pertaining  to 
Vesta,  a  virgin  goddess  of 
the  Romans;  chaste. — n. 
A  virgin  consecrated  to 
Vesta. 

Vest'ed,  a.  Fixed  ;  not  con- 
tingent, as  rights. 

Ves'ti-bule,  n.  An  ante- 
chamber between  the  hall 
and  the  outer  doors  ;  a  kind 
of  porch.  [a  traco 


Viaduct. 


Vex-a'tioiis,  a.    Provoking ; 

troublesome. 
Vi'a-ble,  a.  Capable  of  living, 
as  a  child  prematurely  born. 
Vi'a-du«t,  «. 
A  structure 
for  carrying 
a  railroad 
across  a  val- 
ley or  river. 

Vl'al,  n.  A  small  bottle.  — -  v. 
t.  (8)  To  put  into  a  vial,  or 
into  vials,     [food ;  victuals. 

Vl'ands,  n.  pi.     Articles  of 

Vl'brate,  r.  t.  or  ?'.  To  move 
to  and  fro  ;  to  oscillate. 

Vl-bra'tion,  n.  Act  of  vi- 
brating; oscillation. 

Vi'bra-to-ry,  a.  Consisting 
in  vibration  or  oscillation ; 
causing  vibration. 

Vi-e'ar,  n.  Incumbent  of  an 
appropriated  benefice. 

Vi-C'ar-age,  n.  Benefice  or 
residence  of  a  vicar. 

Vi-ea'ri-cts,  a.  Acting  in 
place  of  another ;  deputed ; 
delegated ;  substituted. 

Vice,  n.  A  blemish  ;  fault ; 
immoral  conduct  or  habit ; 
a  smith's  instrument. 

Yl'qe,  a  Latin  prefix,  denot- 
ing one  who  acts  in  the 
place  of  another. 


Ves'tige  (18),  n.    A  footstep ;  j  Vlge'-ad'Hii-ral,  n.    An  offi- 
Vest'ment,  n.     A  garment.  cer  next  in  rank  to  an  ad- 

Ves'try,  n.    A  room  for  vest-       miral.  [for  the  consul. 

ments  in  a  church  ;  a  pare-  ;  VTce-e5n'su! .  n.    One  acting 

chial  committee.  ViQe-ge'rent,  n.    An   officer 

Vest'ure,    n.      A    garment;!      acting  in  place  of  another. 

articles  worn.— Syn.     Ap- ;  ViQe-re'gal,o.   Pertaining  to 

parel ;  dress  ;   clothing.  |      a  viceroy. 

Vetch,  n.  A  leguminous  plant.    VTce'roy,    ft.       A    governor 
Vet'er-an,  a.    Long  exercised  \      ruling  as   the  substitute  of 

in  any   thing,  especially  in  \      a  king. 

war.  —  n.     An  old  soldier.       Vice  roy'al-ty,  n.    Office  or 
Vet'er-i-na'ri-an,    n.      One       jurisdiction  of  a  viceroy. 

skilled  in  diseases  of  cattle,    i  Vfc/i-nage,  n.  Neighborhood. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  <;,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist : 


ng 


this. 


VICINITY 

Vi-Qin'i-ty,  n.  Neighborhood. 

Vf'cious  (vlsh'us),  a.  Im- 
moral ;  depraved  ;  corrupt ; 
wicked  ;  unruly. 

Vl-yis'si-tude,  n.  Regular 
change  ;  alternation  ;  muta- 
tion ;  mutual  succession. 

Vi€'tim,  n.  A  living  being 
sacrificed ;  something  de- 
stroyed ;  a  dupe. 

Vi-e'tim-ize,  v.  t.  To  make  a 
victim  or  dupe  of. 

Vie'tor,  n.    A  conqueror. 

Vi-e-to'ri-oiis,  a.  Superior 
in  contest.  —  Syn.  Con- 
quering ;  triumphant ;  suc- 
cessful. 

VIe'to-ry,  n.  Conquest ; 
triumph;  success. 

Vlct'ual  (vlt/l,  8),  v.  t.  To 
supply  with  provisions. 

Vict'ual-er  (Vlfl-er),*.  One 
who  supplies  provisions.    - 

Vi'ct'ualg  (vlt/lz),  n.  pi.  Food 
prepared  for  the  table. 

Vi-del'i-Qet,  adv.  To  wit; 
nam  jly  ;  —  abbreviated  viz. 

Vie  ( 12),  v.  i.  To  strive  for 
superiority ;  to  contend. 

View  (va),  v.  t.  To  see;  to 
behold  ;  to  survey.  —  n. 
Sight ;  survey  ;  inspection  ; 
prospect ;  opinion. 

Vievv'less  (vu'-^a.  Invisible. 

VIg'il,  n.  Watch  ;  nocturnal 
devotion ;  a  fast. 

Vig'i-lan<je,  n.  Watchfulness. 

Vlg'idant,  a  Watchful ;  j 
circumspect ;  attentive. 

Vignette  (vin-yef  or  yW-  j 
yet),  n.  A  wood-cut  or  en- 
graving, in  a  book,  not  in- 
closed within  a  definite  bor- 
der. 

Vig'or  (33),  n.  Energy  ;  force 
of  body  or  strength  of 
mind ;  strength. 

Vig'or-ous.  a.  Full  of,  or 
exhibiting,  active  force.  — 
Syn.  Strong;  powerful; 
forcible  ;  agile. 

Vile,  a.  Contemptibly  mean 
or  low  ;  base  ;  sordid. 

Vlle'ly,  adv.  Basely  ;  mean- 
ly ;  shamefully. 

Vil'i-fi'er,  n.  One  who  vili- 
fies ;  a  traducer.     [traduce. 

Vil'i-fy,  v.  t.    To  defame;  to 


292 

Vil'la(18),n.  A  country  resi- 
dence ;  a  country-seat. 

Vil'lage,  n.  A  small  in- 
habited place,     ["of  a  tillage. 

Vll'la-ger,  n.     An  inhabitant 

Vil'lain,  n.  A  feudal  tenant 
of  the  lowest  class  ;  a  vile, 
wicked  person  ;  a  rascal. 

Vil'lain-ous  /  (27), a.  Wicked; 

Vil'lan-ous   i         base. 

Vil'iam-y  ( (27),  n.    Extreme 

Vilfla-ny   j  depravity  or 

wickedness. 

ViFlan-age,  n.  Feudal  serv- 
itude. 

VIl-16se', )  a.  Nappy ;  downy ; 

Vil'lous,  }    shaggy;  velvety. 

Vi-min'e-ous,  a.  Made  of,  or 
producing,  twigs. 

VI-na/ceous  (-na/shus),  a. 
Belonging  to  wine  or  grapes. 

Vm'di-eate,  v.  t.  To  defend 
with  success ;  to  justify  ;  to 
maintain ;  to  support. 

Vin/di-ea/tion,  n.  Justifica- 
tion ;  defense ;  support. 

Vm'di-ea/tive,    )'  a.     Tend- 

Vm'di-ea-to-ry, )  ing  to 
vindicate.  [vindicates. 

Vin'di-ea'tor,  n.     One  who 

Vin-di-e'tive,  a.   Revengeful. 

Vine,  n.  A  climbing  plant  pro- 
ducing grapes ;  hence,  any 
climbing  or  trailing  plant. 

Vm'e-gar,  n.  An  acid  liquor 
obtained  from  wine,  cider, 
&c,  by  fermentation. 

Vine'yard  (vin'yard),  n.  A 
plantation  of  grape-vines. 

Vl'nous,  a.  Having  the  qual- 
ities of,  or  pertaining  to, 
wine. 

Vint 'age,  n.  Produce,  in 
grapes  or  in  wine,  of  vines  ; 
time  of  grape-gathering. 

Vmt'a-ger,  n.  One  who 
gathers  the  vintage. 

Vmt'ner,  n.  A  dealer  in  wines. 

Vm'y,  «.  Pertaining  to  vines. 

VI'ol,  n.  A  stringed  musical 
instrument. 

Vi'o-la,?!.  An  instrument  of 
the  violin  kind,  a  fifth  lower 
in  compass  than  the  violin. 

VI'o-la-ble,  a.  Capable  of 
being  violated. 

VPo-la'ceous,  a.  Like  violets 
in  color. 


VISCID 

Vl'o-late,  v.  t.  To  abuse ;  to 
do  violence  to  ;  to  ravish. 

VPo-la'tion,?!.  Act  of  violat- 
ing ;  transgression  ;  rape. 

Vi'o-lence,n.  Highly  excited 
action  ;  unjust  force ;  rape. 

Vl'o-lent,  a.  Excited  by 
strong  passion ;  outrageous  ; 
furious ;  extreme. 

Vl'o-let,  n.  A  plant  and  its 
flower  ;  a  dark,  reddish-blue 
color. 

VPo-lin',  n.  A  stringed  in- 
strument of  music  ;  a  fiddle. 

Vi'per,  n.  A  kind  of  poison- 
ous serpent. 

Vi'per-ine,  a.  Pertaining  to 
vipers. 

Vi-ra'go  (pi.  Vi-ra'goes,  18), 
n.  A  bold,  masculine  wom- 
an ;  a  termagant. 

Vir'gin,  n.  A  maid  ;  a  maiden. 
—  a.  Chaste;  maidenly, 
modest ;  pure  ;  undefiled ; 
new ;  fresh. 

Vir'gin-al,  a.   Maidenly. 

Vir-gi'n'i-ty,  n  Maidenhood. 

Vi-rid'i-ty,  n.    Greenness. 

VI'rile,or  Vir'ile,  a.  Belong- 
ing to  males. 

Vi-ril'i-ty  (vi-  or  vi-),  n.  Man- 
hood. 

Vir-tu' ,  n .  A  love  of  the  fine 
arts";  a  taste  for  curiosities. 

Virt'u-al,  a.  Being  in  essence 
or  elfect ;  not  in  fact. 

Virt'u-al-ly,  adv.  In  efficacy 
or  effect  only. 

Vir'tue,  n.  Strength  ;  effi- 
cacy ;  moral  excellence. 

VIr'tu-6'so,  n.  (pi.  Vir'tu-o'- 
Bd§  or  VIr'tu-6's'i,  18,  25.) 
One  skilled  in  the  fine  arts, 
in  curiosities,  &c. 

VIrt'u-ous,  a.  Morally  good ; 
righteous  ;  chaste ;  pure. 

Vir'u-lenge,  n.  Poisonous- 
nes's;  malignity. 

Vir'u-lent,  a.  Very  poison- 
ous ;  malignant;  bitter. 

VI'rus,».  Contagious  matter 
from  ulcers,  &c.  ;  poison. 

Vis'age,  n.  The  face  ;  coun- 
tenance ;  look;  features. 

Vis'ger-a,  n.  pi.  The  bowels. 

Vis'qer-al,  a.  Pertaining  to 
the  viscera. 

Vis'gid,  a.  Glutinous  ;  sticky. 


o,  u,  y,  long;  a, e,  i,  o,  Q,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  gll,  what ;  Ore,  veil,  term ;  p'ique,  firm. ; 


VISCIDITY 

Vis-gid'i-ty,   I  n.  Glutinous- 

Vis-eos'i-ty, )  ness ;  sticki- 
ness ;  tenacity. 

Vis'-eount  (vl'kount),  n.  A 
nobleman  next  in  rank  be- 
low an  earl. 

Vis'-eount-ess  (vl'kount-),  n. 
A  viscount's  wile. 

Vis'-eous,  a.  Glutinous  ;  ad- 
hesive; sticky. 

Vise,  n.  An  instrument  for 
griping  and  holding  things. 

Vls'i-bll'i-ty,  n.  The  state 
o*r  quality  of  being  visible. 

Vis'i-ble,  a.  Perceivable  by 
the  eve ;  perceptible. 

Vis'i-bly,  adv.  Perceptibly  ; 
plainly ;  clearly. 

Vis'ion  (vizh'un),  n.  Faculty 
or  sense  of  sight;  appari- 
tion ;  phantom. 

Vis'ion-a-ry  (vizh'un-),  a. 
Given  to  reverie;  imagina- 
ry; having  no  foundation. 
—  n.  One  who  forms  im- 
practicable schemes. 

Vis'it  (8),  v.  t.  To  go  or  come 
to  see;  to  examine. — n. 
Act  of  going  or^  coming  to 
see;  examination. 

Vi§'it-ant,«.  One  who  visits. 

Vis'it-a'tion,  n.  Act  of  visit- : 
ing;  access  for  examination. 

Vis'it-or,  n.   One  who  visits.   | 

Vis'or,  or  Vi'sor.n  A  mask; 
disguise  ;  forepiece  of  a  cap. 

Vis'ta  (18),  n.  A  prospect  or 
view  through  an  avenue ; 
the  avenue  itself. 

Vis/u-al  (vizh'yi}-),  a.  Be- 
longing to  the  sight ;  used 
in  sight. 

"VT'tal,  a.  Pertaining  to  life ; 
very  important. — Syn.  Es- 
sential ;  necessary ;  imme- 
diate ;  absolute. 

Vl-tal'i-ty,  n.      Quality  of 

being  vital ,  primciplooflifo ; 

animation  ;  tenacity  of  life. 

Vl'tal-ly,  adv.    In  a  manner 

affecting  life ;  essentially. 
VT'tals,  n.  pi.     Parts  of  ani- 
mal bodies  essential  to  life, 
or  to  a  sound  state. 
Vl'ti-ate  (vish'I-at),  v.  t.    To 
make  vicious  or  faulty  ;  to 
injure  ;  to  invalidate. 
Vi'ti-a/tion  (vish-i-),  n.  Dep- 


293 

ravatlon  ;    corruption ;    in- 
validation. 
Vit're-ous,  a.    Pertaining  to, 

or  resembling,  glass. 
Vit'ri-fao'tion,  n.      Act  of 
converting     into    glass    by 
heat.  [glass. 

Vit'ri-fy,  v.    To  convert  into 
Vit'ri-ol,  n.    A  soluble  sul- 
phate of  any  metal. 
Vit'ri-61'i-e,  «.  Pertaining  to, 

or  obtained  from,  vitriol. 
Vi-tu'per-ate,  v.  t.    To  over- 

whelm  with  abuse. 
Vi-tu'per-a'tion,  n.    Severe 

censure ;  abuse. 
VI-tu'per-a-tive,a.  Contain- 
ing severe  censure ,  abusive. 
Vi-va'cious,  a.  Lively  ;  brisk. 
Vl-vac/i-ty,  n.      Liveliness ; 

sprightliness ;  animation. 
Viv'id,  a.      Lively;    bright; 
active;  spirited;   sprightly. 
Viv'i-fi-ca'tion,  n.    Act  of 
vivifying.  [to. 

Viv'i-fy,  v.  t.    To  impart  life 
Vi-vip'a-rous,  a.    Producing 

young  alive. 
VIx'en,  n.    A  cross,  ill-tem- 
pered woman. 
Viz'ard,  *.   A  mask. 
Viz'ier  (viz'yer  or  vT'zeer'),  n. 
A  high  executive  officer  in 
Turkey,  &c. 
V6'€a-ble,n.    A  word;  term. 
Vo-eab'u-la-ry ,  n.    A  list  of 
words  arranged  alphabeti- 
cally and  explained  ;  sum  of 
words  used. 
Vo'cal,  a.    Having  a  voice ; 

spoken  with  voice  or  tone. 
Vo-eal'i-e,  a.'    Consisting  of 
the    voice,     or     of     vowel 
sounds.        [vocal  musician. 
Vo'-eal-ist,  ft.      A  singer,  or 
Vo-eal'i-ty,  n.      Quality  of 
being  vocal.  [vocal. 

Vo'-eal-ize  (31),  v.  t.  To  make 
Vo-ea'tion,   n.    Act  of  call- 
ing ;    occupation ;   employ- 
ment ;  calling :  business. 
Voe'a-tive,  n.    Fifth  case  of 
Latin  nouns,  used  in  direct 
address. 
Vo-cjtf'er-ate,  v.  ?'.     To  cry 

out  with  vehemence. 
Vo-gif/er-a/tion,  n.   Loud  or 
violent  outcry ;  clamor. 


VOMIT 

Vo-Qif  er-ovis,  a.  Clamorous. 

Vogue  (vog),  n.  Temporary 
fashion  or  mode. 

Voige,  n.  Sound  uttered  by 
the  mouth  ;  a  vote  ;  suffrage. 

Void,  a.  Vacant ;  empty  ; 
destitute ;  null :  unsubstan- 
tial. —  n.  An  empty  space  ; 
a  vacuum.  — v.  t.  To  quit ; 
to  eject ;  to  annul. 

Void'ange,  n.  Act  of  void- 
ing ;  ejection. 

Void'er,  n.  One  who  voids  ; 
a  tray  for  removing  dishes. 

V61'a-tile,  a.  Evaporating 
quickly  ;  lively  ;  gay  ;  fickle. 

Vdl'a-til'i-ty,  n.  Disposition 
to  fly  off  in  vapor  ;  levity. 

V61'a-til-Ize,  f.  t.  To  cause 
to  exhale  or  evaporate. 

Vol-ean'i-e,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  produced  by,  a  volcano. 

Vol-«a'no,  n.  (pi.  Vol-ea'- 
noes,  18.)  A  mountain  emit- 
ting fire,  lava,  &c. 

Vo-H'tion  (-llsh'un),  n.  The 
act  or  power  of  willing. 

Vdl'ley  (19),  n.  A  discharge 
of  many  small  arms  at  once. 

VoPu-bil'i-ty,  n.  Fluency  of 
speech. 

V61'u-ble,  a.  Apt  to  roll; 
fluent 

V61'u-bly,  adv.  In  a  rolling 
or  fluent  manner. 

V61'ume  (voPyum),  n.  A 
book :  dimensions ;  compass. 

Vo-lii'mi-nous,  a.  Consisting 
of  many  volumes ;  copious. 

V61'un-ta-ri-ly,ac/t'.  Of  one  "a 
own  free  will. 

V61'un-ta-ry,  a.  Proceeding 
from  choice  ;  willing ;  free. 
—  n.  An  air  played  at  will. 

Vol'un-teer',  n.  One  who 
enters  into  any  service  of 
his  own  free  will.  — 1>.  To 
offer  or  engage  voluntarily. 

Vo-lupt'u-a-ry,n.  One  given 
to  luxury  ;  a  sensualist. 

Vo-lupt'u-oiis,  a.  Luxuri- 
ous ;  sensual. 

Vo-lute',  n.  A  kind  of  spiral 
scroll,  used  in  the  capital  of 
a  column. 

V6m'it,  v.  t.  To  throw  up 
from  the  stomach  ;  to  spew; 
to  puke. — n.     An  emetic. 


s6n,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  took ;  dm,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  €,  g,  hard;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


VORACIOUS 

Vo-ra'cious,a.  Greedy  to  eat. 

Vo-rac/i-ty,n.  Greediness  of 
appetite. 

Vor'tex,  n.  (pi.  V6r'tex-e§ 
or  V6r'ti-ges,25  )  A  whirl- 
pool ;  a  whirlwind. 

V6r'ti-cal,a.  Having  a  whirl- 
ing motion. 

V6'ta-ry(19),n.  One  devoted 
to  any  service  or  pursuit.  — 
a.  Devoted ;  promised. 

Vote,  n.  Expression  of  choice ; 
suffrage  ;  ballot.  —  v.  To  ex- 
press one's  choice  by  the 
voice  or  by  a  written  ticket ; 
to  choose  or  determine  by 
means  of  votes. 

Vot'er,  n.  One  who  votes,  or 
who  has  a  right  to  vote. 

Vo'tive,  a.     Given  by  vow. 

Vouch,  v.  t.  To  call  to  wit- 
ness ;  to  warrant ;  to  sup- 
port;  to  establish. 

Vouch'er,  n.  One  who  vouch- 
es ;  a  book  or  paper  that 


294 

confirms  the  truth  of  ac- 
counts. 

Vouch-safe',  v.  t.  To  con- 
descend to  grant.  — v.  i.  To 
deigu  ;  to  descend. 

Vow,  m.  A  solemn  promise  to 
God  or  to  some  deity.  —  v. 
To  consecrate  by  a  solemn 
promise;  to  assert  solemnly. 

Vow'el,  ft.  A  vocal  sound 
made  through  an  open  po- 
sition of  the  mouth  organs, 
asrt,  e,  o.  — a.     Vocal. 

Voy'age  (colloq.  voij),  n.  A 
journey  by  water.  —  v.  i.  To 
travel  by  water. 

Voy'a-ger  (colloq.  voij'er),  n 
One  who  journeys  by  water. 

Vul'-ean'Ize,  v.  t.  To  impart 
certain  properties  to,  as  in- 
dia-rubber, by  causing  it  to 
combine  with  sulphur. 

Vul'gar,  a.  Pertaining  to 
common  people;  being  in 
general     use  j      offensively 


WAKEFUL 

mean  or  low.  —  SVN.  Com- 
mon ;  ordinary  ;  mean  ;  un- 
refined. —  n.  The  common 
people  ;  the  populace. 

Vul'gar-i§m,  n.  A  vulgar 
phrase  or  expression. 

Vul-gar'i-ty,  n.  Clownish- 
ness  ;  rudeness. 

Viil'gar-ly,  adv.  Common- 
ly ;  coarsely  ;  rudely. 

V&l'gate,  n  An  ancient 
Latin  version  of  the  Bible. 

Vul'ner-a-ble,  a.  Capable 
of  being  wounded. 

Viil'ner-a-ry,  a.  Useful  in 
healing  wounds. 

Vul'plne,  a.  Pertaining  to,  or 
resembling,  the  fox ;  cun- 
ning; crafty. 

Vult'ure  (18),  ft.  A  large  bird 
of  prey,  found  only  on  tho 
Eastern  continent. 

Vult'ur-me,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  vulture  ;  resembling 
the  vulture. 


w. 


WAB'BLE  (wSb'bl),  v.  i.  | 
To  move  staggeringly  | 
from  side  to  side.  —  ft.  A  | 
hobbling,  unequal  motion,  | 
as  of  a  wheel. 

Wad,   ft,     A  small  mass  of  ! 
paper,  tow,  &c,  to  stop  the 
charge    of  a    gun    or    any 
aperture.  —  v.  I,     To  form 
into  a  wad. 

Wad'ded,  a.  Formed  into  a 
wad  ;  quilted. 

WadMing,  n.  A  wad,  or  the 
materials  for  wads ;  a  soft 
stuff  used  in  quilting. 

Wad'dle,  v.  i.  To  walk  like 
a  duck  or  a  fat  person. 

Wade,  v.  To  walk  through 
any  yielding  substance. 

Wa'fer,  ft.  A  thin  kind  of 
cake  or  bread ;  a  thin  leaf 
of  paste  for  sealing  letters, 
&c.  — v.  t.  To  seal  with  a 
wafer.  [cake. 

Waffle,  n.    A  thin  kind  of 


Waft,  v.  t.  To  bear  through 
a  fluid  or  buoyant  medium. 

Wag,  n.  A  merry,  droll  fel- 
low.—  v.  t.  To  move  one 
way  and  the  other ;  to 
move  ;  to  stir. 

Wage,  v  t.  To  pledge;  to 
stake  ;  to  hazard ;  to  bet. 

Wa'ger,  ft.  Something  haz- 
arded ;  a  bet. — v.  t.  To 
offer  to  bet. 

Wa'ges,  n  pi.  Hire  ;  reward 
of  services. 

Wag'ger-y,  n.  Pleasantry  ; 
drollery ;  sportive  trick. 

W&g'gish,  a.  Roguish  ;  droll. 

Wag'on,  n.  A  vehicle  on 
four  wheels,  especially  one 
for  carrying  freight. 

Wag'on-er,  n.  One  who  con- 
ducts a  wagon. 

Waif  (4), « .  Goods  found,  but 
not  claimed. 

Wail,  v.    To  weep  ;  to  lament. 

Wain, «.    A  wagon. 


Wain'seot,  n.  A  wooden  lin- 
ing of  rooms,  made  in  pan- 
els. —  v.  t.  To  line  with 
boards  in  panel. 

Waist,  ft.  Part  of  the  body 
just  below  the  ribs  ;  middle 
part  of  a  ship. 

Waist'band,ft.  The  band  or 
upper  part  of  trousers,  &c. 

Waist'-coat,  n.  A  gai-ment 
worn  under  the  coat. 

Wait,  v.  i.  To  stay  in  expec- 
tation ;  to  attend. 

Wait'er,  n.  One  who  waits ; 
aji  attendant ;  a  tray. 

Wait'ing-maid,n.  A  femalo 
servant  who  attends  a  lady. 

Waive,  V.  t.  To  relinquish 
voluntarily ;  to  forego. 

Wake,r.  i.  To  cease  to  sleep. 
—  n.  A  watch;  track  of  a 
vessel  in  water. 

Wake'ful  (17),  a.  Unable  or 
indisposed  to  sleep ;  vigi- 
lant; watchful. 


E, e,  I,  G,  u,  y,  long;  a,  6,  T,  o,  u, y, short ;  cure, car,  ask,  all,  what ;  Ore,  vett,  term  ;  pVque,  firm  ; 


WAKEN 

Wak'en,  v.  i.  or  t.  To  rouse 
from  sleep  ;  to  awake. 

Wale,  ».  A  ridge  or  streak; 
one  of  the  long  planks  of  a 
ship's  side.  —  v.  t.  To  mark 
with  wale3,  or  stripes. 

Walk  (wawk),  v.  i.  To  move 
oh  foot ;  to  go  by  steps.—  n. 
A  gait ;  a  step  ;  a  path. 

Wall  (1),  n.  An  inclosing 
fence  of  brick  or  stone ;  side 
of  a  room  ;  a  defense. —  v.  t. 
To  inclose  with  a  wall. 

Wal'let.  n.  A  bag  or  knap- 
sack ;  a  pocket-book,     [eye. 

Wall'-eye,   n.       A    whitish 

Wal'lop  (8),  v.  t.  To  boil.  — 
v   t.     To  beat  soundly. 

Wal'low,  v.  i.  To  roll  one's 
self  about,  as  on  mire. 

Wal'nut,  n.  A  tree  and  its 
fruit. 

Wal'rus,  n. 
An  aquatic 
animal  re- 
sembling the 
seal. 

Waltz  (waits),        wfelrus. 
n.     A  dance  by  two  persons 
in  circular  figures ;  a  tune 
for  the  dance. — v.  i.     To 
dance  a  waltz. 

Wam'pum,  n.  Strings  of 
shells  used  as  current  money 
by  the  North  American  In- 
dians. 

Wan  (won), a.  Ilavingapaie 
and  sickly  hue. 

Wand  (wond),  n.  A  long 
staff  or  rod. 

Wan'der,  v.  i.  To  rove ;  to 
ramble  ;  to  be  delirious. 

Wan'der-er,  n.  One  who 
wanders  ;  a  rover. 

Wine,  v.  i  To  decrease  ;  to 
fail.  —  n.  Decrease  ;  de- 
cline ;  failure. 

Wan'ness  (won'ness),  n.  A 
sallow,  dead,  pale  color. 

Want,  n.  Need  ;  necessity  : 
destitution  ;  poverty  ;  thing 
of  which  the  loss  is  felt.  — v. 
i.  or  t.  To  be  deficient  or 
destitute  of;  to  desire. 

Wan'ton,  a.  Sportive ;  licen- 
tious. —  v.  i.  (8)  To  revel ;  to 
frolic.  — n.  A  lewd  person. 

War,  n.     A  contest  between 


295   - 

states,  carried  on  by  force. 
—  v.  t.  To  carry  on  war;  to 
contend. 

War'ble,  v.  i.  To  quaver  or 
modulate  the  voice.  —  v.  t. 
To  trill ;  to  carol.  —  n.  A 
quavering  of  the  voice. 

War'bler,  n.  One  who  war- 
bles ;  a  singing-bird. 

War'— cry,  n.  A  cry  or  sig- 
nal used  in  war. 

Ward,  n.  A  watch  ;  guard  ; 
custody  ;  protection  or  pro- 
tector :  part  of  a  lock  ;  a 
person  under  a  guardian ; 
division  of  a  city  or  of  a 
hospital.  —  v  t.  or  i.  To 
watch ;  to  guard. 

Ward'en,  n.  A  keeper,  a 
guardian. 

Ward'er,  «.  A  keeper  ;  a 
guard. 

Ward'robe,  n.  A  portable 
closet  for  clothes ;  wearing 
apparel. _ 

Ward'-room,  it.  A  room  in 
ships  in  which  officers  mess. 

Ware,  v.  t.  [i?)ip.  wore. J  To 
wear ;  to  veer. 

Wares,  n.  pi.  Goods;  mer- 
chandise; commodities. 

Ware'house,  n.  A  store- 
house for  goods. 

War'fare,  n.  Military  ser- 
vice ;  hostilities  ;  contest. 

Wa'ri-ly(13),ac/f.  Cautious- 
ly ;  with  circumspection. 

Wa'ri-ness,  n.  Cautious- 
ness ;  circumspection. 

War'Hke,  n.  Relating  or 
adapted  to  war  ;  martial. 

Warm,  a.  Having  moderate 
heat;  zealous;  keen. — v.  t. 
or  i.  To  heat  moderately  ; 
to  become,  or  cause  to  be- 
come, animated. 

Warmth,  n.  Moderate  heat ; 
ardor  ;  enthusiasm  ;  zeal. 

Warn,  v.  t.  To  caution  ;  to 
admonish ;  to  notify. 

Warn'ing,  n.  Caution  ;  ad- 
monition ;  previous  notice. 

Warp,  n.  Threads  that  run 
lengthwise  in  a  loom  ;  a  rope 
used  in  towing.  — v.  i.  or  t. 
To  turn  or  twist  out  of 
shape  ;  to  deviate  ;  to  per- 
vert ;  to  tow  with  a  warp  or 


WASSAIL 

line  attached  to  buoys,  an- 
chors, or  the  like. 

War'rant,  n.  A  commission  ; 
authority ;  precept ;  guar- 
anty ;  voucher.  —  v.  t.  To 
authorize  or  justify  ;  to  as- 
sure, [ble. 

War'rant-a-ble,  a.    Justifiaj- 

War'ran-tee',  n.  One  to 
whom  land,  or  other  thing, 
is  warranted. 

War'ran-ty,  n.  A  covenant 
of  security  ;•  a  guarantee.  — 
v.  t.    To  warrant. 

War'ren,  n.  A  place  for  rab- 
bits, fowls,  or  fish,  &c. 

War'rior  (war'yur),  n.  A 
military  man  ;  a  soldier. 

Wart,  n.  A  small  hard  ex- 
crescence on  the  skin. 

Wart'y,  a.  Having  warts; 
like  warts.  [war. 

War'-worn,  a.    Worn  with 

Wa/ry,  a.  Cautious  of  dan- 
ger ;  prudent;  circumspect. 

Was.  (2).  Past  tense  of  the 
substantive  verb  To  b'e. 

Wash,  v.  t.  To  cleanse  by 
water ;  to  wet ;  to  lave  ;  to 
remove  by  the  action  of 
water.  —  n.  Ablution  ;  al- 
luvial matter  ;  a  cosmetic  ; 
refuse  matter  from  a  kitch- 
en ;  a  coating  of  metal. 

Wash-ball,  n.  A  ball  of  soap. 

Wash'-board,  n.  A  board 
next  the  floor  ;  a  board  on 
which  clothes  are  rubbed  in 
washing. 

Wash'er,n.  One  who  washes ; 
a"  ring  of  metal  or  leather, 
to  relieve  friction  or  to  se- 
cure tightness  of  joints,  &c. 

Wash'er-wom/an  (21 ),  n.  A 
woman  who  washes  clothes. 

Wash'ing,  n.  Act  of  one  who 
washes  ;  clothes  washed, 
especially  at  one  time. 

Wash'y,  a.  Watery  ;  weak ; 
thin  ;  diluted. 

Wasp ,  n.  An  insect  that  stings 
severely. 

Wasp'ish,  n.  Peevish  ;  pet- 
ulant ;  like  a  wasp. 

Was'sail,  n.  A  drinking  to 
one's  health ;  a  liquor  made 
of  apples,  sugar,  and  ale ;  a 
drunken  bout. 


son,  or,  do,  wolf,  tdb,  took  ;  flrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  -e,  g,  hard;  as. ;  e^ist ;  n  as  ng ;  mis. 


WAST 

"Wast,  imp.  of  To  be,  in  the 
2d  person  sing. ,  indicative. 

Waste,  v.  t.  To  spend  ;  to 
dissipate  ;  to  lavish  ;  to 
squander.  —  a.  Desolate; 
valueless  ;  wild.  —  n.  Act 
of  wasting ;  worthless  rem- 
nant ;  loss ;  desolate  ground. 

Waste'ful,  a.  Destructive; 
lavish ;  extravagant. 

Watch,  n.  Guard  ;  vigil ;  one 
who  watches,  or  those  who 
watch  ;  a  pocket  time-piece ; 
time  of  guarding. — t'.t.  To 
be  awake ;  to  keep  guard  ; 
to  wait.  — v.  t.  To  observe 
closely  ;  to  have  in  keeping. 

Watch'er,  n.  One  who 
watches. 

Watch'ful  (17),  a.  Careful 
to  observe ;  guarding  with 
caution.  —  Syn.  Vigilant ; 
cautkms  ;  attentive ;  cir- 
cumspect; wary. 

Watch'-house,  n.  A  house 
in  which  a  watch  or  guard 
is  placed. 

Watch/man  (21),  n.  A  sen- 
tinel ;  a  night-guard. 

Watch'-tow'er,  n.  Tower  for 
a  watch  or  sentinel. 

Watch'- word  (-ward),  ft.  A 
sentinel's  pass-word  ;  a 
countersign. 

Wa'ter,  n.  The  most  com- 
mon of  all  fluids  ;  urine  ;  a 
body  of  water  ;  luster  of  a 
diamond.  — v.  t.  or  i.  To  ir- 
rigate ;  to  cause  or  allow  to 
drink  ;  to  shed  water. 

Wa'ter-eol'ors,  n.  pi.  Colors 
diluted  and*  mixed  with 
gum- water. 

Wa'ter-eourse,  n.  A  chan- 
nel or  canal  for  water. 

Wa'ter-cress,  n.  A  small, 
plant,  used  as  a  salad. 

Wa'ter -fall,  a.  A  cascade  ; 
a  cataract ;  a  kind  of  female 
head-gear  of  hair. 

Wa'ter-fowl,  n.  A  bird  that 
frequents  the  water. 

Wa'ter-i-ness,  n.  Quality  or 
state  of  being  watery. 

Wa'ter-ish,  a.  Like  water  ; 
thin;  moist;  wet.       [man. 

Wa'ter-man(21),  n.  A  boat- 

Wa'ter-mark,  n.    A  device 


'    296 

wrought  into  paper  during 
the  process  of  manufacture. 

Wa'ter-mePon,  n.  A  plant, 
and  its  pulpy  fruit. 

Wa'ter-mfll,  n.  A  mill 
turned  by  water. 

Wa'ter-pftt,  n.  A  vessel  to 
hold  water. 

Wa'ter-prdbf,  a.  Not  ad- 
mitting water. 

Wa'ter-rot,  v.  t.  To  rot  by 
steeping  in  water,  as  flax. 

Wa'ter-spout,  n.  A  whirl- 
ing column  of  water  at  sea. 

Wa'ter-tight  (-tit),  a.  So 
tight  as  to  retain  or  not  to 
admit  water. 

Wa'ter-wheel,  n.  Any  wheel 
for  propelling  machinery, 
&c,  made  to  revolve  by  the 
action  of  water. 

Wa'ter-y,  a.  Aqueous ;  thin ; 
tasteless ;  wet ;  washy. 

Wat'tle,n.  A  twig;  a  hur- 
dle ;  fleshy  excrescence  un- 
der the  throat  of  a  cock, 
&c.  —  v.  t.  To  interweave, 
as  twigs ;  to  plat ;  to  form 
of  platted  twigs. 

Waul,  v.  i.  To  cry  as  a  cat. 

Wave,  n.  A  moving  ridge  or 
swell  of  water.  — v.  i.  or  t. 
To  move  one  way  and  the 
other,  like  a  wave  ;  to  re- 
linquish ;  to  waive. 

Wave'less,  a.  Free  from 
waves  ;  calm  ;  smooth. 

Wave'-of/fer-ing,  n.  An 
offering  in  the  Jewish  ser- 
vices made  by  waving  the 
object  toward  the  four  car- 
dinal points. 

Wa'ver,  v.  i.  To  fluctuate ;  to 
vacillate ;  to  be  unsteady  or 
undecided. 

Wa'vy,  a.  Rising  or  swelling 
in  waves ;  undulating. 

Wax    (3),    n.      A    tenacious 

k  substance  formed  by  bees. 
—  v.i.  [imp.  WAXED  \p.p. 

WAXED    or    WAXEN.]      To 

grow ;  to  increase  ;  to  be- 
come.— v.  t.  Toruborsmear 
with  wax.  [sembling,  wax. 
Wax'CTi,  a.  Made  of,  or  re- 
Wax'-work  (-wflrk),  n.  A 
figure  or  figures  formed  of 
wax. 


WEATHER 

Wax'y ,  a.  Like  wax  ;  soft ; 
yielding. 

Way,  n.  A  road  ;  room  ; 
course  ;  means  ;  mode. 

Way'-bill,  n.  A  list  of  pas- 
sengers or  of  baggage. 

Way'far-er,  n.    A  traveler. 

Way'far-ing,  a.     Traveling. 

Way'lay,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
WAYLAID.]  To  lie  in  wait 
for,  especially  to  seize,  rob, 
or  slay . 

Way'ward,  a.  Froward  ; 
perverse;  willful. 

We,  pron.  ;  pi.  of  I. 

Weak  (4),  a.  Feeble  ;  infirm ; 
frail ;  soft ;  low  ;  spiritless. 

Weak'en,  v.  I.  To  make 
weak  ;  to  enfeeble  ;  to  de- 
bilitate ;  to  enervate. 

Weak'ly,  adv.  In  a  weak  or 
feeble  manner.  —  a.  Infirm. 

Weak'ness,  n.  Feebleness; 
infirmity ;  debility. 

Weal,  n.  Happiness  ;  pros- 
perity :  a  sound,  healthy, 
prosperous  state.  [es. 

Wealth,  n.    Affluence  ;  rich- 

Wealth'y,  a.   Rich  ;  opulent. 

Wean,  f.  t.  To  accustom  to 
a  deprivation  of  the  breast ; 
to  withdraw  from  any  desire. 

Wean'ling,  n.  A  child  or 
animal  newly  weaned. 

Weap'on,  n.  An  instrument 
of  offense  or  defense. 

Wear,  v.  t.  ori.  [imp.  wore  ; 
p.p.  WORN.]  To  carry  or 
have  on  ;  to  waste  by  fric- 
tion or  by  use  ;  to  consume ; 
•to  turn  round,  as  a  ship, 
with  the  stern  toward  the 
wind. —  n.  Act  of  wearing; 
a  thing  worn. 

Wear,  n.  A  dam  in  a  river ; 
a  net  of  twigs  in  a  stream. 

Wea'ri-some,  a.  Tiresome; 
fatiguing ;  tedious. 

Wea'ry ,  a.  Tired ;  fatigued ; 
—  v.  t.    To  tire  ;  to  fatigue. 

Wea'sand,  n.  The  windpipe. 

Wea'gel  (wG'zl),  n.  A  certain 
small  quadruped,  very  slen- 
der and  agile. 

Weath'er,  n.  State  of  the 
atmosphere. — v.  t.  To  sail 
to  the  windward  of ;  to  en- 
dure. 


&,  e,  I,  o,  u,  y ,  long ;  a,  6,  J,  8,  Q,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  §re,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm ; 


WEATHER-COCK 

W§ath'er-c6ck,  n.  A  vane ; 
a  vacillating  person. 

Weath'er-gage,  n.  Position 
of  a  ship  to  the  windward 
of  another ;  position  of  ad- 
vantage. 

Weath'er-glass,  n.  A  con- 
trivance to  foreshow  changes 
of  weather ;  a  barometer. 

Weath'er-wi§e,  a.  Skillful 
in  foretelling  the  weather. 

Weave,  v.  t.  [imp.  wove  ; 
p.  p.  wove,  woven.]  To 
unite,  as  threads,  so  as  to 
form  cloth.  [weaves. 

Weav'er,     n.     v  One     who 

Web,  n.  Any  thing  woven  , 
a  film ;  a  membrane. 

Webbed  (7),  a.  Having  the 
toes  united  by  a  membrane. 

Web'bing,  n.  A  strong  nar 
row  fabric  of  hemp  used  for 
various  purposes. 

Web'-fdbt'ed,  a.  Having 
webbed  feet.  t 

Wed,  v.  t.  To  marry ;  to 
unite  closely  or  strongly 

Wed'ding,  n.  Nuptial  cere- 
mony ;  marriage. 

Wedge,  n.    A  piece 
of  metal  or  of  wood 
sloping  to  an  edge, 
used  for  splitting.    "Wedge. 
—  v.  t.   To  fasten  by  means 
of  wedges.  [state. 

Wed'lock  (5),  n.      Married 

Wednesday  (wenz/dy),  n. 
The  fourth  day  of  the  week. 

Wee,  a.     Small ;  little. 

Weed,n.  A  useless  or  trouble- 
some plant;  (pi.)  mourning 
apparel.  —  v.t.  To  free  from 
noxious  plants ;  to  root  out. 

Weed'y,  a.     Full  of  weeds. 

Week,  n.  Period  of  seven 
days.  [cept  Sunday. 

Week'-day,  n.  Any  day  ex- 

Week'ly,  a.  Happening  or 
done  every  week.  —  adv. 
Once  a  week.  —  n.  A  publi- 
cation issued  once  every 
week. 

Ween,  v.  *'•  To  think ;  to 
fancy. 

Weep.  v.  i.  or  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
WEPT.]  To  shed  tears  ;  to 
bewail ;  to  lament ;  to  be- 
moan ;  to  drip 


** 


297 

Wee'vil  (we'vl),  n.  A  small 
insect  that  injures  grain. 

Weft,  n.  The  woof  of  cloth. 

Weigh  (wa),  v.  t.  To  ascer- 
tain the  weight  of ;  to  pon- 
der. —  v.  i.  To  have  weight. 

Weight  (wat),  n.  Heaviness ; 
gravity  ;  importance ;  some- 
thing for  ascertaining  the 
weight  of  other  bodies. 

Weight'y  (waV-),  a.  Heavy  ; 
important. 

Weird,  a.  Skilled  in  witch- 
craft ;  supernatural  ;  un- 
earthly ;  wild. 

Welcome  (17),  n.  Kind  re- 
ception or  salutation.  —  a. 
Received  with  gladness  : 
grateful;  pleasing.  —  p.  t. 
To  salute  or  entertain  with 
kindness. 

Weld,  v.  t.  To  beat  or  press 
into  union,  as  heated  metals. 

Wel'fare  (17),  n.  Health  ; 
happiness  ;  prosperity ;  suc- 
cess, [heavens. 

Wel'kin,  n.    The  sky;   the 

Well,  n.  A  spring;  a  deep 
circular  pit  for  water,  '—v.  i. 
To  flow  forth ;  to  spring ;  to 
issue.  —  a.  Not  sick ;  being 
in  health,  good  state,  or  fa- 
vor.—  adv.  Not  amiss; 
rightly ;  properly. 

Well'-be'ing,  n.  Welfare; 
prosperity ;  weal. 

Well'-bred(17),a.  Educated 
to  polished  manners ;  re- 
fined; cultivated. 

Well'-nigh  (-nT),  adv.  Very 
nearly;  almost. 

Well'-spent,  a.  Virtuously 
employed  or  passed. 

Well'-sweep,  n.  A  long  pole 
balanced  on  a  hiT-h  post, 
used  for  raising  a  bucket  in 
a  well. 

Well'-wisb/er,  «.    A  friend. 

Welsh,  a.  Pertaining  to 
Wales.  —  n.  The  inhabitants 
or  the  language  of  Wales. 

Welt,  n.  A  border;  an  edging. 

Wel'ter  (8),  v.  i.  To  roll,  as 
in  mire ;  to  wallow. 

WSn,  n.  A  fleshy  tumor. 

Wench,  n.  A  young  woman ; 
a  strumpet ;  a  negress. 

Went,  imp.  of  Go. 


WHEEL 

WSpt,  imp.  of  Weep. 

Were  (wer),  imp.  pi.  of  Be. 

Wert.  Second  person  singular 
of  Were. 

West,  n.  Region  where  the 
sun  sets,  or  opposite  to  the 
east.  —  adv.  At  or  toward 
the  westward.  — a.  Situated 
toward,  or  relating  to,  the 
west ;  coming  from  the  west. 

West'er-ly,  a.  Being  toward, 
or  in,  or  from,  the  west. 

West'ern,  a.  Being  in,  or 
moving  toward  the  west. 

Westward,       I  adv.       To- 

West'ward-ly,  J  ward  the 
west. 

Wet,  a.  Full  of  moisture; 
very  damp  ;  rainy.  —  n. 
Water  ;  wetness;  moisture  ; 
humidity.  —  v.  t.  [imp.  & 
p.p.  WET.]  To  fill  or  moist- 
en with  a  liquid. 

Weth'er,  n.  A  castrated  ram. 

Whale  (hwal),  n.  The  largest 
of  marine  animals. 

Whale'bone,  n.  A  firm  elastic 
substance  from  the  upper 
jaw  of  the  whale. 

Whale'man  (21 ),  n .  A  man  em- 
ployed in  the  whale-fishery. 

Wharf  (hwgrf,  20),  n.  A 
mole,  pier,  or  quay,  for  land- 
ing goods  at. 

Wharf'in-ger,  n.  Superin- 
tendent or  proprietor  of  a 
wharf: 

What  (hwot),  pron.  That 
which  ;  partly  ;  —  as  an  ex- 
clamation ,  how  remarkable ; 
how  great.  It  is  also  used 
interrogatively.        [or  that. 

What-ev'er,  pron.  Being  this 

What'not,  «.  A  piece  of  fur- 
niture, with  shelves  for 
books,  ornaments,  &c. 

What'so-ev'er,  pron.  What- 
ever, [grain. 

Wheat,  n.    A  species  of  fine 

Wheat'en,  a.  Made  of  wheat. 

Whee'dle,  v.  t.  To  entice  by 
soft  words ;  to  coax ;  to  flat- 
ter ;  to  cajole. 

Wheel  (3),  n.  A  circular  frame 
turning  on  an  axis  ;  a  turn 
or  revolution. — v.  t.  To 
cause  to  move  on  wheels.  — 
v.  i.   To  turn  ;  to  revolve. 


s6n,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  tobk ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  €,  g,  hard;  as.  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


WHEELBARROW 


298 


WHITHER 


Wheel'bar-row,  n.  A  sort  of 
hand-cart  with  one  wheel. 

Wheel'-wrlght  (-rit),  n.  A 
maker  of  wheels.  [hard. 

Wheeze,  v,    i.     To    breathe 

Whelm,  v.  t.  To  cover  ;  to 
immerse ;  to  bury. 

Whelp,  n.  A  puppy ;  a  cub. 
—  v.  i.  To  bring  forth  cubs 
or  puppies. 

When,  adv.  At  what  time  ; 
while ;  whereas. 

Whenge,  adv.  From  what 
or  which  place. 

Whenge'so-ev'er,  adv.  From 
whatever  place. 

When-gv'er,       )  adv.        At 

When/so-ev'er,  I  whatever 
time. 

Where,  adv.  At  or  in  what 
place ;  whither. 

Where'a-bouts',  adv.  Near 
what  or  which  place  ;  con- 
cerning which. 

Y/here-as/,  adv.  Since ;  when 
in  fact. 

Where-at',  adv.     At  what. 

Y/here-by',  adv.  By  which  ; 
by  what 

Where'fore  (18),  adv.  For 
which  reason ;  for  what  rea- 
son ;  why.  [what. 

Where-in',  adv.  In  which  or 

Where'in-tp',  adv.  Into 
which  or  what. 

Where-df  (-5fF  or-ov'),  adv. 
Of  which  or  what. 

Where-6n',        )  adv.        On 

Where'up-on',  j  which  or 
what. 

Where'so-eVer,  adv.  In 
what  place  soever ;  where- 
ever.  [to  what  end. 

Where-to/,  adv.    To  which  ; 

Where'up-dn',  adv.  Upon  or 
in  consequence  of  which. 

Wher-ev'er  (17),  adv.  At 
whatever  place. 

Where-with'  (-with'  or 
-iftb')adv.  With  which; 
with  what. 

Wher'ry,  n.  A  light  shallow 
boat,  built  long  and  narrow 
for  fast  rowing  or  sailing. 

Whet  (7),  v.  t.  To  sharpen 
by  friction  ;  to  stimulate.  — 
n.  Act  of  sharpening  by  fric- 
tion ;  a  stimulant. 


Whoth'er,  pron.  Which  of 
the  two.  —  conj.  Used  to 
introduce  the  first  of  two  or 
more  alternative  clauses. 

Whet'stone,  n.  A  stone  for 
sharpeuing  edged  tools. 

Whey,  n.  The  thin,  watery 
part  of  milk. 

Which,  pron.  relating  to 
things.  It  is  used  inter- 
rogatively and  relatively, 
both  as  a  substantive  and 
an  adjective.  [of  air. 

Whiff  (1),  n.    A  quick  puff 

Whiffle,  v.  i.  To  waver ;  to 
be  unsteady  or  fickle. 

Whif'fle-tree,  n.  The  bar  to 
which  the  traces  of  a  car- 
riage are  fastened. 

Whig  (3),  n.  One  of  a  certain 
political  party. 

Whig'gish  (7),  a.  Inclined  to 
whiggery  ;  pertaining  to 
whigs  or  to  their  principles. 

Whig'gism,  )  n.  The  princi- 

Whig'ger-y,  J   plesofwbigs. 

While,  n.  Time  ;  space  of 
time..  —  adv.  During  the 
time  that ;  as  long  as  ;  in 
which  case. —  v.  t.  To  spend 
or  pass,  as  time. 

Whilst,  adv.  While. 

Whim,         )  n.    A  freak  of 

Whim'sey, )  fancy  ;  a  ca- 
price, or  capricious  notion. 

Whim/per,  v.  i.  To  cry  with 
a  low,  whining,  broken 
voice ;  to  complain  in  a 
shrill  tone. 

Whlm'§i~eal,  a.  Full  of 
whims ;  curious ;  odd ;  fan- 
tastic ;  freakish ;  capricious. 

Whin,  n.  Gorse  ;  furze. 

Whine,  v.  i.  To  lament  or 
complain  in  a  plaintive 
tone.  —  n.  A  nasal,  puerile 
tone  of  complaint. 

Whin'ny,  v.  i.  To  make  a 
shrill  noise,  as  a  horse. 

Whip,  n.  An  instrument  for 
driving  teams  or  for  correc- 
tion: a  coachman.  —  v  t. 
To  strike  with  a  whip;  to 
lash  ;  to  beat ;  to  jerk. 

Whip'ple-tree,  n.  A  bar  to 
fasten  the  tugs  or  traces  of 
a  carriage  to. 

Whip'-pobr-will,   n.       An 


American  bird,  so  called 
from  its  note. 

Whip'saw,  n.  A  saw  for  di- 
viding timber  lengthwise. 

Whip'-st6ck,  n.  The  handle 
of  a  whip. 

Whir,  v.  i.  To  whirl  round 
with  noise.  — n.  A  buzzing 
or  whizzing  sound  of  any 
thing  in  rapid  revolution. 

Whirl,  v.  To  turn  rapidly.  — 
n.  A  rapid  turning. 

Whirl'i-gig,  n.  A  child's  toy. 

Whirl'pool,  n.  An  eddy  ;  a 
vortex  of  water. 

Whirl'wind,  n.  A  violent 
wind  moving  circularly 

Whisk,  n.  A  small  brush  ;  a 
rapid,  sweeping  motion.  — 
v.  t.  To  brush  with  a  whisk ; 
to  move  rapidly. 

Whisk'er,  n.  Hair  growing 
on  the  sides  of  the  face. 

Whis'ky,    \  n.     A  spirit  dis- 

Whi's'key,  J  tilled  from  bar- 
ley, wheat,  rye,  or  maize. 

Whis'per,  v  To  speak  or  ad- 
dress in  a  low  voice.  —  n.  A 
soft,  sibilant  voice  ;  utter- 
ance without  sonant  breath. 

Whist,  n.  A  certain  game  at 
cards.  —  a.   Silent ;  mute. 

Whis'tle  (hwis'l),  v.  i.  To 
make  a  kind  of  sharp,  musi- 
cal sound  with  the  breath 
forced  through  the  lips  ;  to 
sound  shrilly.  —  n.  A  shrill 
sound  made  by  the  breath, 
&c.  ;  a  pipe  that  makes  a 
shrill  sound. 

Whft,  n.  A  bit ;  a  jot ;  a  tittle. 

White,  a.  Of  the  color  of 
snow ;  pale  ;  pure ;  clean.  — 
n.  A  white  color ;  any  thing 
white,  as  part  of  the  eye. 

Whit'en,  v.  To  make  or  be- 
come white ;  to  bleach. 

White'ness,  n.  State  or  qual- 
ity of  being  white. 

White'-swgll'ing,  w.  A  lin- 
gering inflammation  of  the 
knee-joint. 

White'wash,  n.  Lime  and 
water  for  whitening  walls, 
&c.  —  v.  t.  To  cover  with 
whitewash  ;  to  give  a  fair 
external  appearance  to. 

Whith/er,  adv.    To  what  or 


a,e,  I,o,  &,y,long;  B,e,  I,o,u,y,  short ;  cr.re, car, ask,  all, what;  ore, veil,  term;  pi'que,  firm  ; 


WHITHERSOEVER 


299 


WINDING-SHEET 


which  place,  point,  or  de- 
gree. 

Whith/er-so-ev'er,  adv.  To 
whatever  place. 

Whit'ing,  n.  Ground  chalk  ; 
a  sea-fish  allied  to  the  cod. 

Whlt'ish,  a.  Moderately 
white ;  somewhat  white. 

Whit'leath-er,  n.  Leather 
dressed  with  alum,  salt,  &c, 
very  pliable  and  tough. 

Whit'low,  n.  A  suppurating 
tumor  on  the  finger  or  toe. 

Whit'tle,  v.  t.  To  cut  off  the 
surface  of  with  a  knife. 

Whiz,  n.  A  humming  or  hiss- 
ing sound.  —  v.  t.  (7)  To 
make  a  humming  or  hissing 
sound. 

Who  (hob),  pron.  Which  or 
what  person  or  persons. 

Whp-Sv'er(hob-), pron.  Any 
person  whatever. 

Whole  (hoi),  a.  All  ;  entire  ; 
complete;  sound. — n.  The 
entire  thing ;  totality. 

Wholesale  (hoi'-),  n.  Sale 
by  the  piece  or  quantity.  — 
a.  Pertaining  to  trade  by 
the  piece  or  quantity. 

Whole'some  (hol'sum),  a. 
Favorable  to  health  ;  salu- 
tary ;  useful. 

WhSl'ly  (hol'y,  10),  adv.  To- 
tally ;  entirely. 

Whom  (hobm),  pron.  Ob- 
jective case  of  Who. 

Whpm/so-ev'er  (hoDnV-), 
pron.  Objective  case  of  Who- 
ever. 

Whdbp  (hoop),  n.  A  shout. 
—  v.  i.   To  shout ;  to  hoot. 

Whoop'ing-eough  (ho~op/- 
ing-kof),  n.  A  violent,  con- 
vulsive cough  ;  hooping- 
cough  . 

Whore  (hor),  n.  A  prostitute. 

Whor'tle-ber'ry  (hwQvtl-), 
n.  A  plant,  and  its  small 
edible  berry.     • 

Whose  (htfbz),  pron.  Posses- 
sive'ease  of  Who. 

Who/so-ev'er(hoo'-),  a.  Any 
person  whatever. 

Whur,  n.  A  humming  sound ; 
whir.  —  v.  i.  To  make  a 
rough,  humming  sound. 

Why  (IS),  adv.     For    what 


reason  ;  for  which  reason  ; 
reason,  or  cause  for  which. 

Wick  (5),  n.  The  cotton  cord 
of  a  candle  or  lamp. 

Wick'ed,  a.  Evil ;  vicious  ; 
sinful ;  iniquitous. 

Wick'ed-ly,  adv.  In  a  wicked 
manner ;  viciously. 

Wick'ed-ness,  n.  Vice  ; 
crime  ;  sin ;  guilt ;  iniquity. 

Wick'er,  n.  A  small  twig.  — 
a.     Made  of  small  twigs. 

Wick'et,  n.  A  small  gate. 

Wide,  a.  Having  great  ex- 
tent each  way  or  between 
the  sides  ;  not  narrow.  — 
—  SYN.  Broad  ;  extensive  ; 
remote ;  distant.  —  adv.  At 
a  distance ;  far. 

Wide'ly  (10),  adv.  To  a  wide 
degree ;  extensively. 

Wid'en,  v.  t.  or  t.  To  make 
or  grow  wider. 

Wid'geon  (wid'jun),  n.  A 
water-fowl  of  the  duck  kind. 

Wid'ow,  n.  A  woman  who 
has  lost  her  husband. — v. 
t.  To  deprive  of  a  husband  ; 
to  bereave. 

Wid'ow-er,  n.  A  man  whose 
wife  is  dead. 

Wid'6w-ho*bd,  n.  The  state 
or  condition  of  a  widow. 

Width,  n.  Extent  from  side 
to  side  ;  breadth. 

Wield,  v.  t.  To  control  ;  to 
sway  ;  to  employ  ;  to  use. 

Wife  (20),  n.  The  lawful  con- 
sort of  a  man. 

Wig,  n.  An  artificial  cover- 
ing of  hair  for  the  head. 

Wight  (wit),  n.  A  person  ;  a 
being.  [cabin  or  hut. 

Wig'wam,  n.        An  Indian 

Wild,  a.  Fierce ;  desert ; 
rude ;  savage ;  licentious ; 
fanciful.  —  n.  A  wilderness. 

Wild'-eat,  n.  A  feline  ani- 
mal, very  strong  and  fierce. 

Wil'der-ness,  n.  A  wild,  un- 
cultivated tract. 

Wild'fire,  n.  An  inflamma- 
ble composition,  very  hard 
to  quench  when  on  fire. 

Wild'ly,  adv.  In  a  wild  man- 
ner. 

Wile,  n.  A  trick  ;  insidious 
artifice  ;  stratagem  ;  fraud. 


Wl'li-ness,  n.  State  of  being 
wily ;  cunning;  craft. 

Will,  n.  The  faculty  of  choos- 
ing ;  choice  ;  inclination  ; 
command  ;  testament.  —  v. 
t.  To  determine  by  an  act 
of  choice ;  to  dispose  of,  by 
testament. — auxiliary  verb 
[imp.  would],  used  to  de- 
note futurity. 

Will'ful,  I  a.    Stubborn  ;  un- 

Wil'ful,    )         governable. 

Will'ful-ly,  |     adv.       £tub- 

Wil'fu'l-ly,   i         bornly. 

Wlll'ful-ness,  )  n.  Obstinacy 

Wil'fu'lness,  )  of  will ;  stub- 
bornness. 

Will'ing,  a.  Free  to  do ;  ready. 

Wlll'ing-ly,  adv.  By  free 
will  or  one's  own  choice. 

Will'ing-ness,  n.  Free 
choice  ;  readiness. 

Wil'low,  n.    A  kind  of  tree. 

Wil'16w-y,  a.  Abounding 
with  willows  ;  like  a  willow. 

Wilt,  V.  i.  To  begin  to  wither. 

Wi'ly,  a-  Cunning;  crafty; 
artful;  sly. 

Wim'ble,  n.  An  instrument 
to  bore  holes  with. 

Win,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
WON.]  To  gain ;  to  get ;  to 
allure.  [start  back. 

Winge,  v.  i.     To  shrink;   to 

Winch,  n.  A  kind  of  lever; 
a  crank-handle.        [breath. 

Wind,  n.    A  current  of  air; 

Wind,  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p.  p. 
wound]  To  turn  ;  to 
twist ;  to  coil ;  to  encircle ; 
to  sound  by  blowing. 
|  Wind'age,  n.  Difference  be- 
tween the  diameter  of  a  gun 
and  that  of  a  ball. 

Wind'bound,  a.  Detained 
by  contrary  winds. 

WInd'fall,  n.  Fruit  blown 
off;  any  unexpected  benefit. 

Wmd'-flow'er,  n.  The  an- 
emone ;  —  formerly  thought 
to  open  only  when  the  wind 
was  blowing. 

Wmd'-gall,  n.  A  soft  tumor 
on  a  horse's  fetlock. 

Wmd'-gun,  n.    A  gun  dis- 
charged by  air. 
,  Wind'ing-sheet.  n.  A  shroud 
i      to  wrap  the  dead  in. 


s6n,  or,  dQ,  wolf,  too,  tdbk ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  p,  g,  soft;  e,  g,  hard;  as. ;  ex>t ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


WINDLASS 


WInd'lass,n. 

A    machine 

for     raising 

weights. 
Wind/mill,  ra. 

A  mill  turned 


Wiudlass. 


by  the  wind 

Win'dow,  n.  An  opening  in 
the  wall  of  a  building  for 
the  admission  of  light. 

Wind'plpe,  n.  Passage  for 
the  breath  to  and  from  the 
lungs ;  the  trachea. 

Wind'row,  v .    A  line  of  hay. 

Wmd'ward,  a.  lying  toward  | 
the   point  from  which   the 
wind  blows. — ra.  The  point 
from  which  the  wind  blows. 
—  adv.  Toward  the  wind. 

Wind'y,  a.  Stormy ;  tem- 
pestuous ;  flatulent;  empty. 

Wine,  n.  Fermented  juice  of 
grapes  and  of  other  fruits. 

Wlne'-bib'ber,  n.  One  who 
drinks  much  wine. 

Wlne'-glass,  n.  A  small 
glass  from  which  wine  is 
drank. 

Wing,  ra.  Limb  of  a  bird. — v. 
I.  To  furnish  with  wings ; 
to  transport  by  flight ;  to 
wound  on  the  wing. 

Wink,  v.  i.  To  shut  and  open 
the  eyelids  quickly  ;  to  con- 
nive. —  ?i.  A  quick  closing 
and  opening  of  the  eyelids  : 
a  hint  given  by  shutting  the 
eye  with  a  significant  cast. 

Win'ner,  ra.     One  who  wins. 

Wm'ning,  a.  Attractive  ; 
charming. 

Win'nSw,  v.  t.  To  separate, 
as  chaff,  by  means  of  wind. 

Win'ter,  n.  The  cold  season 
of  the  year.—  v.  ?'.  (8)  To 
pass  the  winter.  — v.  t.  To 
feed  in  winter. 

Wm'ter-green,  ra.  A  small 
evergreen  plant  having 
bright  red  berries. 

Wm'ter-kill,  v.  t.  To  kill  by 
the  cold  of  winter.   ■ 

Wm'ter-y, )  a.     Suitable  to, 

Win'try,  ]  or  like,  winter  ; 
cold. 

Wipe,  v.  t.  To  clean  or  re- 
move by  rubbing  ;  to  rub 
off.  —  n.    A  rub ;  a  stroke. 


300 

WIp'er,  ra.  One  who  wipes  ; 
something  used  for  wiping. 

Wire,  ra.  An  even  thread  of 
metal. 

Wire'-draw'er,  ra.  One  who 
forms  wire  by  drawing. 

Wire'-pull'er,  ra.  One  who 
pulls  the  wires  of  a  puppet ; 
hence,  an  intriguer. 

WIr'y,  a.  Made  of,  or  resem- 
bling, wire;  sinewy. 

Wis'dom(lO),  ra.  Knowledge, 
and  the  capacity  to  make 
due  use  of  it ;  sagacity. 

Wise,  a.  Having  wisdom.  — 
Syn.  Sage  ;  sagacious  ;  ju- 
dicious ;  prudent ;  grave.  — 
ra.     A  manner  or  way. 

Wise'a-ere,  n.  A  shallow 
pretender  to  great  wisdom. 

Wish,  v.  i.  To  desire  or  long 
for.  —  v.  t.  To  desire  ;  to 
long  for  ;  to  frame  or  ex- 
press a  desire  about.  —  ra.  A 
desire ;  thing  desired. 

Wish/f ul ,  a.  Feeling  or  show- 
ing desire ;  eager. 

Wisp,  n.  A  small  bundle  of 
straw  or  hay. 

Wist'ful,  a.  Eagerly  atten- 
tive ;  "wishful. 

Wit,  n.  Faculty  of  associat- 
ing ideas,  or  ideas  associated, 
in  an  unusual  and  felicitous 
manner ;  mind ;  sense  ;  a 
man  of  genius,  fancy,  or 
humor.  —  v.  t.  To  know  ; 
to  be  known. 

Witch,  ra.  A  woman  who 
practices  sorcery.  — v.  t.  To 
charm.  [witches. 

Witch'-eraft,  ra.    Practices  of 

Witch/er-y,  n.  Witchcraft; 
sorcery ;  enchantment. 

With,  prep.  By,  denoting 
cause,  nearness,  means,  or 
instrument,  &c. 

With-al',  adv.  With  ;  like- 
wise ;  at  the  same  time. 

With-draw',  v.  t.  To  take 
back. — v.  i.  To  retire  ;  to 
retreat.  [withdrawing. 

With-draw'al,  ra.      Act    of 

Withe  (with),  w.  A  willow 
twig,  or  band  made  of  twigs. 

With'er,  v.  t.  or  i.  To  fade ; 
to  dry  up ;  to  decay. 

With'ers.,  ra.  pi.      the  ridge 


WOMANHOOD 

between  the  shoulder-bones 
of  a  horse. 
Witii-hold',  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p 

p.    WITHHELD.]      To     hold 

or  keep  back. 

With-in',  prep.  In  the  inner 
part  of  —  adv.  Inwardly. 

With-out',  prep.  Out  of;  be- 
yond ;  independently  of.  — 
adv.  On  the  outside.  —  conj. 
Unless ;  except. 

With-stand',  v.  t.  [imp. 
withstood.]  To  oppose; 
to  resist. 

WIth'y,  a.  Made  of,  or  like, 
withes  ;  flexible. 

WIt'less,  a.  Wanting  wit  or 
understanding. 

WIt'ling,  ra.  A  pretender  to 
wit ;  one  who  has  little  wit. 

Wit'ness,  ra.  Testimony  ; 
evidence  ;  a  person  who  tes- 
tifies or  gives  evidence. —  v. 
To  fee ;  to  bear  testimony  ; 
to  attest. 

Wit'ti-gism,  ra.  A  phrase  af- 
fectedly witty;  a  conceit. 

Wit'ti-ly,  adv.    With  wit. 

Wit'ting-ly,  aelv.  Knowing- 
ly ;  by  design. 

Wft'ty  (7),  a.  Full  of  wit; 
smart  ;  humorous  ;  droll ; 
facetious ;  satirical. 

Wives,  ra./  pi.  of  Wife. 

WIz'ard,  ra.    A  magician;  a 
i      conjurer;  a  sorcerer. 

Wiz'en,  a.     Thin  ;  dried  up. 
I  Woad,  7i.  'A  plant,  the  leaves 
of  which  furnish  a  blue  col- 
|      oring  matter. 
i  Woe  (27),  ra.    A  heavy  calam- 
|      ity  ;  sorrow ;  grief. 
|  Woe'-be-gone',    a.       Over- 
)      whelmed  with  woe. 
|  Wo'ful    )  (17),  a.    Very  sor- 

Woe'ful  )  rowful ;  full  of 
distress.  —  Syn.  Calami- 
tous ;  afflictive ;  miserable. 

Wolf  (wylf,  20),  ra.  A  car- 
nivorous animal. 

Wolfish,  a.  Like  a  wolf;  ra- 
pacious; destructive. 

Wolfs'bane,  n.  A  poisonous 
plant. 

Wom'an  (21),  ra.  An  adult 
female  of  the  human  race. 

Wpm'an-hdbd,  n.  The  state 
or  qualities  of  a  woman. 


5,e,I,o,  u,y, long;  a,e,I,  6, ii,  f,  short;  care, car, ask,  all,  what ;  ere, veil,  term;  p'.'que,  firm  ; 


WOMANLY 

Wom'an-ly,  a.  Becoming  a 
woman. 

"Womb  (wo"om),  n.  Place 
where  any  thing  is  gener- 
ated or  produced.  [  Woman. 

"Wom'en  (wlm'en),  n.  pi.  of 

Won,  imp.  &  p.  p.  of  Win. 

Won'der,  n.  Surprise  ;  as- 
tonishment.—  v.  i.  To  be 
surprised ;  to  marvel. 

W6n'der-ful,  a.  Exciting 
wonder  or  surprise;  aston- 
ishing ;  surprising. 

Won'drous,  a.  Wonderful ; 
marvelous ;  strange. 

Wont  ( wunt ),  a.  Accustomed ; 
habituated.  —  v.  i.  To  be 
accustomed. 

Wont'ed  (wunt'ed),  a.  Ac- 
customed ;  customary. 

Woo  (15),  v.  t.  To  solicit  in 
marriage.  —  v.  i.  To  make 
love ;  to  court.  <. 

Wood,  n.  A  collection  of 
trees ;  substance  of  a  tree  ; 
timber;  fuel.—  v.  t.  To 
supply  with  wood,      [plant. 

Wood'bine,  n.     A  climbing 

Wdbd'chuck,  n.  A  certain 
small  burrowing  animal. 

Wdbd'€6ck,  n.  A  bird  of 
the  snipe  family. 

Wdbd'-eut,  n.  An  engrav- 
ing on  wood,  or  an  impres- 
sion from  it. 

Wdbd'ed,  a.  Covered  or  sup- 
plied with  wood. 

Wdbd'en  (wobd'n),  a.  Made 
of  wood;  hard;  clumsy. 

Wdbd'-house,  n.  A  house 
or  shed  for  wood. 

Wdbd'land,n.  Land  covered 
with  wood  or  trees. 

Wdbd'-nymph,  n.  A  fabled 
goddess  of  the  woods. 

Wdbd'peck-er,  n.      A   bird 
that  pecks  holes  in  trees  in 
pursuit  of  insects. 
Wood'y,  a.  Abounding  with, 

.  or  consisting  of,  wood. 
Wqo'er,  n.     One  who  wooes. 

Woof,  n.     Threads  that  cross 
the  warp  in  weaving  ;  weft. 
Wdbl,  ft.    The  fleece  ol  sheep  ; 
short,  thick,  crispy  hnir. 

Woolen   I  (8),  »■     Consisting 

Wdbl'len  \  of,  or  pertaining 
to,  wool. 


801 

W6*ol'li-ness,  n.  State  or 
quality  of  being  woolly. 

Wdbl'ly,  a.  Consisting  of,  or 
resembling,  wool. 

Wdbl'-sack,  n.  A  sack  of 
wool ;  seat  of  the  Lord 
Chancellor  of  England  in 
the  House  of  Lords. 

Word  (wurd),  n.  Spoken  or 
written  sign  of  an  idea  ;  a 
term  ;  vocable  ;  message  ; 
promise  ;  token  ;  tidings  ; 
the  Scriptures.  —  v.  t.  To 
express  in  words. 

Word'i-ness  (wftrd'-Kn.  Ver- 
bosity ;  verbiage. 

Word'ingCwflrd'ing^n.  Man- 
ner of  expressing  in  words. 

Word'y  (wfird'y),  a.  Using 
many  words ;  verbose. 

Wore,  imp.  of  Wear. 

Work  (wQrk),  v.  i.  [imp.  &  p. 
p.  worked;  wrought.] 
To  labor ;  to  operate  ;  to 
strain  ;  to  toil ;  to  ferment. 
—  v.  To  prepare  or  form  by 
labor  ;  to  embroider.  —  n. 
Labor ;  toil  ;  employment ; 
a  book ;  any  thing  made. 

Work'-house  (wflrk'-),  n.  A 
house  for  employing  the  idle 
or  poor.  [tiou. 

Work'ing  (wflrk'-),  n.  Opera- 

Work'man  (wfirk'-,  21),  n. 
A  worker;  a  skilled  laborer. 

Work'man-ship  (wQrk'-),  n. 
Work  done  ;  manufacture  ; 
manner  of  making ;  skill. 

Work'shop  (wQrk'-),  n.  A 
shop  where  work  is  done. 

World  (wQrld),  n.  The  earth  ; 
the  universe  ;  mankind ;  all 
which  the  earth  contains. 

World'li-ness  (wfirld'-),  n. 
State  of  being  worldly  ;  inor- 
dinate love  of  earthly  things. 

World'ling(wQrld'-),«.  One 
devoted  to  worldly  things. 

World'ly  (wfirld'-),  a.  Re- 
lating to  this  world ;  devoted 
to  worldly  enjoyments  ;  tem- 
poral. 

Worm(wfirm).  n.  Any  small, 
creeping  insect ;  a  grub  ;  a 
reptile  ;  any  thing  spiral.  — 
v.  t.  To  work  slowly  and 
secretly.  —  v.  i.  To  gain 
slowly  and  by  secret  means. 


WRAPPING 

Worm'wdbd  (wflrm'-),  n.  A 
plant  having  a  bitter  taste. 

Worm'y  (wurm'-),  v.  Full  of 
worms ;  like  a  worm. 

Worn,  p.  p.  of  Wear. 

W6r;ry  (wtir'ry,  13),  v.  t.  To 
harrass  with  importunity, 
anxiety,  or  labor.  —  Syn. 
To  tease ;  trouble ;  vex.  —  n. 
"Vexation  ;  anxiety  ;  trouble. 

Worse  (wftrss),  a.  More  bad. 
n.  A  more  evil  state.  —  adv. 
In  a  manner  more  evil. 

Wor'ship  (wQr'ship),  n.  Re- 
ligious homage ;  adoration  ; 
a  title  of  honor.  — v.  t.  or  i. 
(8)  To  adore. 

Wor'ship-er    j  (wfir-),a.  One 

Wor'ship- per  i  who  worships. 

Wor'ship-ful  (wGr'ship-),  a. 
Worthy  of  honor. 

Worst  (wGrst),  a.  Most  vile 
or  wicked.  —  n.  The  most 
evil  state.  —  v.  t.  To  defeat. 

Worst'ed  (wyst'ed),  n.  Yarn 
from  combed  and  long  sta- 
ple wool.  —  a.  Consisting 
of  worsted.  [herb. 

Wort  (wurt),  n.    A  plant ;  an 

Worth  (wQrth),  v.  i.  To  be, 
as,  woe  worth  the  day.  —  n. 
Value ;  desert. 

Wor'thi-ly  (wQr'-),  adv.  So 
as  to  deserve  well ;  suitably. 

Worthless  ( wGrth'-),  a.  Hav- 
ing no  worth  or  value. 

Wor'thy  (wQr'thy),  a.  Hav- 
ing worth  ;  deserving ;  ex- 
cellent; meritorious. — n.  A 
man  of  eminent  worth. 

Would  (wdbd),  imp.  of  Will. 

Wound  (woond  o/-wownd),ra. 
A  hurt;  a  cut ;  a  bruise. — 
v.  t.  To  hurt  or  bruise.  — 
imp.  of  Wind. 

Wove,  imp.  of  Weave. 

Wov'en,  p.  p.  of  Weave. 

Wran'gle  (rang'gl),  n.  An 
angry  dispute. — v.  i.  To 
dispute  angrily  or  noisily. 

Wran'gler  (rSng'gler),  n. 
One  who  wrangles. 

Wrap(r2p,7),t'.<.  To  roll  or 
fold  together  ;  to  involve. 

Wrap'per  (rap'per),  n.  One 
who,  or  that  which,  wraps  ; 
a  cover.  [covering. 

Wrap'ping   (rap'-),    n.       A 


s6n,  or,  d^,  "wolf,  to"o,  ttfok  ;  Grn,  rue,  pull ;  c ,  g,  soft ;  -c,  g,  hard ;  aj  ;  e>cist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


WRATH 

Wrath  ( rSth ) ,  re.  Violent  an- 
ger or  exasperation.  —  SYN. 
Fury  ;  rage  ;  passion ;  re- 
sentment ;  indignation. 

Wrath'ful  (rath'-), a.  Angry ; 
enraged;  furious.       [angry. 

Wrath'y  (rath'-),  a.      Very 

Wreak  (reek),  v.t.  To  inflict. 

Wreath  (reeth),?i.  Something 
twisted ;  a  garland. 

Wreathe  (reeth),  v.  t.  To 
twist ;  to  entwine. 

Wreck  (rek),  v.  t.  To  destroy 
or  damage,  as  a  vessel,  by 
driving  on  the  shore  or  on 
rocks,  &c.  ;  to  strand.  — n. 
Destruction  by  sea  ;  any- 
thing wrecked ;  ruin. 

Wreck'er  (rek'er),  n.  One 
who  causes  a  wreck ;  one 
who  searches  for  wrecks 

Wren  (rSn),  n.  A  small  bird. 

Wrench  (rench),  v.   t.     To 
pull  with  a  twist ;  to  wrest. 
—  re.      A   violent   twist ;    a  | 
sprain ;   an  instrument  for  j 
turning  bolts,  &c.' 

Wrest  (rest),  v.  t.  To  take  ! 
from  by  force ;  to  distort.  — 
n.  Violent  perversion. 

Wres'tle  (reVl),  v.  i.  To  • 
grapple  and  struggle  ;  to  j 
strive,   [skilled  in  wrestling,  j 

Wres'ler  (resler),  re.      One  | 


302 

Wrestling  (reeling),  re.    A 

wrestle ;  a  struggle. 

Wretch  (rech),  re.  A  miser- 
able person  ;  a  vile  knave. 

Wretch'ed  (recited ),  a.  Very 
miserable.  —  S  Y  N .  U  nhap- 
py  ;  afflicted  ;  worthless. 

Wrig'gle  (rig'gl),  v.  i.  To 
move  to  and  fro  with  short 
motions.  —  v.  t.  To  move 
by  twisting  and  squirming. 

Wrig'gler  (rig/-),  re.  One  who 
wriggles. 

Wright  (rlt),  re.  A  workman ; 
an  artificer. 

Wring  (ring),  v.  t.  [imp.  &  p. 

p.  WR1NGED  or  WRUNG.] 
To  twist ;  to  turn  ;  to  strain  ; 
to  distress  ;  to  extort. 

Wring'er  (ring7-),  n.  One 
who  rings ;  a  machine  for 
wringing  clothes  after  they 
have  been  washed. 

Wrmk'le  (rink/1),  re.  A 
crease  ;  ridge ;  furrow  —  v. 
To  contract  into  furrows. 

Wrist  (rist),  re.  Joint  con- 
necting the  hand  and  arm. 

Wrist'band  (rlsf-),  re.  Part 
of  a  sleeve  covering  the  wrist. 

Writ  (nt),  re.  A  writing  ;  the 
Scriptures ;  a  legal  instru- 
ment or  process. 

Write    (rit),    v.    t.     [imp. 


YARD 

WROTE  ;  p.  p.  WRITTEN.] 
To  form  as  letters  and 
words,  with  a  pen  ;  to  in- 
scribe ;  to  compose. 

Writ'er  (nt'er),  re.  One  who 
writes ;  an  author. 

Writhe  (nth),  v.  t.  To  twist ; 
to  distort  or  be  distorted. 

Writ'ing  (rlt'ing,  11),  re.  Act 
of  one  who  writes  ;  that 
which  is  written  ;  a  manu- 
script ;  a  deed. 

Wrlt'ten  (rfftn),  a.  Ex- 
pressed in  letters. 

Wrong  (rong),  re.  Injustice ; 
injury.  —  a.  Not  right ;  er- 
roneous. —  v.  t.    To  injure. 

Wrong'ful  (rong7-,  17),  a. 
Unjust ;'  injurious 

Wrong'-head/ed  (rong/-),  o. 
Wrong  in  opinion  ;  perverse. 

WrSng'ly  (rong/-).  adv.  In- 
juriously ;  unjustly  ;  amiss. 

Wrote  (rot),  imp.  of  Write. 

Wroth  (rawth),  a.  Full  of 
wrath  ;  very  angry. 

Wrought  (rawt),  imp.  &  p.  p. 
Formed  by  labor. 

Wrung  (rQng)(  imp.  &  p.  p. 
of  Wring. 

Wry  (rT),  a.  Twisted ;  dis- 
torted. 

Wry'ness  (ri/-,  13),  re.  Qual- 
ity of  being  wry. 


X. 


YAFTHK  (zan/thik),  a. 

sj\_     Yellowish. 

Xe'be-e(ze/bek,5),  re.  A  three- 
masted  vessel  used  in  the 
Mediterranean  sea. 


Xy-16g'ra-pher  (zl-),  re.  A 
wood-engraver. 

Xy/lo-graph'i-e       )  (zl-),    a. 

Xy/lo-graph'i-e-al )  Belong- 
ing to  wood-engraving. 


Xy-lSg'ra-phy  (zl-),  n.  The 
act  or  the  art  of  engraving 
on  wood. 

Xy-16ph'a-gous(zi-),a.  Feed- 
ing on  wood. 


Y. 


YACHT  (yot),  re.     A  sea- 
going vessel  for  pleasure- 
trips,  racing,  &c. 
Yacht'ing  (yoking),  re.    Sail- 


ing on  pleasure  excursions 

in  a  yacht,    [its  edible  root. 

Yam,n.  A  tropical  plant  and 

Yan'kee  (10),  re.  A  New-Eng- 


lander ;     a    citizen    of  the 
Northern  States. 
Yard,  n.  A  measure  of  three 
feet ;  an  inclosure ;  a  long, 


2,  S,  I,  ©,  \\,f,long ;  a,  $,  f,  5,ti,y,  short ;  oare,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  Gre,  vfil,  terra;  p'.'que,  firm ; 


YARD-ARM 

slender  piece  of  timber  by 
which  a  sail  is  extended. 

Yard'-arm,  n.  Half  of  a 
ship's  yard. 

Yard '-stick,   In.      A    stick 

Yard'-wand, J  three  feet  iu 
length,  used  as  a  measure. 

Yarn,  n.  Spun  wool,  flax, 
or  cotton  ;  a  story  spun  out. 

Yar'row,  n.  A  plant  having 
a  strong  smell  and  taste. 

Yaw,  n.  Temporary  devia- 
tion of  a  vessel  from  her 
course. — v.  i.  To  deviate. 

Yawl,  n.  A  ship:s  boat. 

Yawn,  v.  i.  To  gape.  —  n. 
Act  of  gaping. 

Ye,_pron.     Plural  of  Thou. 

Yea  (or  ye),  adv.  Yes;  ver- 
ily ;  certainly ;  ay. 

Yean,  v.    To  bring  forth. 

Yean'ling.n.  A  young  sheep. 

Year,  n.  Time  occupied  by 
the     earth     in     revolving 

-  around  the  sun ;  twelve  cal- 
endar months,  or  385  days. 

Year 'ling,  n.  A  beast  a  year 
old. 

Year'ly,  a.  Annual  ;  com- 
ing every  year.  —  adv.  An- 
nually ;  once  a  year. 

Yearn,  v.  i.  To  feel  earnest 
desire  ;  to  long. 

Yearn'ing,«.    Strong  desire. 

Yeast,  n.  Froth  of  beer  or 
other  liquor  in  fermenta- 
tion 

Yeast'y,a.  Foamy,  like  yeast. 

Yelk,  n.    Yellow  part  of  an 


303 

Y611  (l),v.  i.  To  utter  a  sharp 
outcry.  —  n.  A  sharp,  loud 
outcry. 

Yel'low,  a.  Of  the  color  of 
gold.  —  n.  A  bright  gold 
color. 

Yel'low  Fe'ver.  A  malignant 
fever,  attended  with  yellow- 
ness of  the  skin. 

Yel'low-ish,  a.  Moderately 
yellow. 

Yel'lows,  n.  pi.  Jaundice  in 
horses,  &c. ;  a  disease  of 
peach-trees.  [a  dog. 

Yelp,  v.  i.  To  bark  shrilly,  as 

Yeo'man(21),  n.  A  freehold- 
er ;  a  man  free  born. 

YeS'man-ry,  n.  The  collect- 
ive body  of  yeomen. 

Yerk,  v.  t.  To  jerk.  —  n.  A 
jerk. 

Yes  (2),  adv.  Yea;  a  word 
that  affirms. 

YSst.n.     See  Yeast. 

Yes'ter,  a.  Last  ;  next  be- 
fore the  present. 

Yes'ter-day,  n.  The  day  last 
past.  —  adv.  On  the  day 
last  past. 

Yet,  conj.  Nevertheless.  — 
adv.  Besides ;  at  least  ; 
even  ;  at  all ;  thus  far. 

Yew  (yu),  n.  An  evergreen 
tree  allied  to  the  pines. 

Yield,  v.  t.  To  produce  ;  to 
furnish;  to  afford. — v.  i 
To  surrender  ;  to  comply  ; 
.  to  give  way.  —  n.   A  jerk. 

Yield'ing,  p.  a.  Inclined  to 
give  way ;  compliant. 


ZIGZAG  V 

Yoke,  n.    A  frame  worn\ 
the  neck,   used   to  conned 
oxen  for  work ;  bondage ;  a 
couple. — v.  t.    To  connect; 
to  unite. 

Yoke'-fel'low,  I  n.   An  asso- 

Yoke'mate,  j  date  ;  a 
companion  ;  a  partner. 

Yolk  (yolk  or  yok),  n.  The 
yelk  of  an  egg. 

Y6n,  )  a.    Being  at  a  dis- 

Ydn'der,  )  tance,  but  within 
view.  —  adv.  At  a  distance, 
within  view. 

Yore,  adv.     Of  old  time. 

You  (ycTo),  pron.  Second 
person  singular  or  plural. 

Young,  a.  Not  long  born ; 
juvenile.  —  n.  The  offspring 
of  animals. 

Yoiin'ger  (ySng/ger),  a.  Not 
so  old  as  another. 

Youn'gest  (yung'gest),  a. 
Having  the  least  age. 

Young'ish,  a.   Rather  young. 

Young'ling,  n.  A  youth; 
any  young  creature. 

Young'ster,  n.  Aj  oung  per- 
son ;  a  lad. 

Your,  possessive  pron.  Be- 
longing to  you. 

Your-sSlf',/>»-on.  You  only; 
—  used  emphatically. 

Youth,  n.  The  early  part  of 
life  ;  a  young  person  ;  young 
persons  collectively. 

Yoyth'ful,  a.  Young  ;  fresh ; 
vigorous  ;  pertaining  to 
youth. 

Yule,  «•    Christmas. 


z. 


T7  AFTER,  n.    Impure  ox- 

fi    ide  of  cobalt. 

Za'ny  (19),  n.    A  merry-an- 

drew ;  a  buffoon. 
Zeal,    n.     Passionate   ardor ; 

earnestness. 
Zeal'ot  (zei'ot),  n.    One  full 

of  zeal. 
Zeal'ous  (zel'us),  a.     Filled 

with  zeal ;  eager  :  earnest. 


Ze'bra(18),». 
A  South  Af- 
rican animal 
marked  with 


31 


Ze'nith, 

That  point  in  Zebra, 

the  heavens  which  is  di- 
rectly overhead  ;  greatest 
height. 


Zeph'yr,  n.     A  gentle  west 

wind. 
Ze'ro  {pi.  Ze'ro§,  18),  n.  The 

cipher,  0 ;    the  point  from 

which     a     thermometer    is 

graduated. 
Zest,  n.  Orange  peel  cut  thin  ; 

a  relish  ;   taste.  —  v.  t.     To 

give  a  flavor  to. 
Zig'zag,  a.     Having  frequent 


s6n,  6r,  dj),  wolf,  t<To,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  ?_,  £,  soft ;  -c,  g,  hard ;  as. ;  exist ;  rj  as  ng  ;  this. 


ZINC 


304 


ZYMOTIC 


short,     sharp     turns.  —  n. 

Something  with  short  turns. 

—  v.  t.  (8)     To  form  with 

short  turns. 
Zin-e  (5),  n.    A  bluish-white 

metal.  [zinc. 

Zinck'y  (6),  a.   Pertaining  to 
Zo'di-a-e  (5), 

An  imaginary  f     \   J^*** 

belt     in      the 

heavens, 

which    is   the 

sun;s       path, 

and     contains       Zodiac. 

twelve      constellations     or 

signs. 
Zo-di'a-C-al,  a.  Pertaining  to, 

or  within,  the  zodiac. 
Zone,  n.    One   of  five  great 

divisions  of  the  earth  hav- 


ing relation  to  climate;  a 
girdle  ;  circumference. 

Zo-6g'ra-pher,  n.  One  who 
describes  animals,  their 
habits,  &c. 

Zo'o-graph'i-e-al,  a.  Per- 
taining to  the  description  of 
animals. 

Zo-6g'ra-phy,  n.  The  de- 
scription of  animals. 

Zo'o-log'i^-al,  a.  Pertaining 
to  zoology.  [in  zoology. 

Zo-61'o-gist,  n.     One  versed 

Zo-61'o-gy,  n.  Science  of  an- 
imals, their  structure,  hab- 
its, &c. 

Zo-6n'o-my,  n.  The  laws  of 
animal  life. 

Zo'o-phyte,  n.  A  body  par- 
taking of  the  nature  both 


of  an  animal  and  a  vegeta- 
ble, [to  zoophytes. 

Zo'o-phyt'ie,  a.     Pertaining 

Zo-6t'o-mist,  n.  One  who 
dissects  the  bodies  of  ani- 
mals. 

Zo-6t'o-my,  n.  The  anatomy 
of  brute  animals. 

Zouave  (zwav  or  zob-aV),  n. 
One  of  a  body  of  soldiers 
wearing  an  Arab  dress. 

Zyg'o-mat'i-e,  a.  Pertaining 
to  the  cheekbone. 

Zy-mol'o-gy,  n.  A  treatise 
on,  or  the  doctrine  of,  fer- 
mented liquors. 

Zy-mot'i-e,  a.  Pertaining  to, 
or  caused  by,  fermentation, 
or  some  principle  of  disease 
acting  like  a  ferment. 


5,e,I,  o,  u,y,  Jongr,-a,e,T,  6,  0,  y,  short;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term;  pVque,  firm; 
B6n,  or,  do,,  wolf,  too,  tot>k ;  urn,  rye,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  €,  g,  hard ;  as.  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this. 


^ 


MODERN   GEOGRAPHICAL   NAMES. 


EXPLANATION   OF    ABBREVIATIONS  AND   SIGNS. 


Arabic. 


pron.    pronunciation. 


Dan.    Danish.  Russ.  Russian. 

Fr.        French.  Sp.  Spanish. 

Ger.      German.  Sw.  Swedish. 

Hung.  Hungarian.  Syn.  Synonym. 

Port.     Portuguese.  Turk.  Turkish. 

9>  §>  L  8,  marked  with  this  sign  [J  under- 
neath, have  an  obscure  sound  similar  to 
that  of  short  u,  but  are  usually  consid- 
erably shorter,  and,  indeed,  sometimes 
are  almost  mute :  thus,  Grat'tan  might 
be  pronounced  grat'tun  or  grat't'n  ;  Hee- 
ler, heVlur  or  hel'l'r,  &c. 

a,  e,  0  are  similar  in  sound  to  a,  e,  o,  but  are 
not  to  be  pronounced  so  long. 

8  is  employed  to  denote  the  long  sound  of  a. 

b  has  a  sound  similar  to  e  in  her ;  it  may  be 
Anglicized  by  e. 

u  represents  the  sound  of  the  German  u  and 
the  French  u,  which  are  uttered  with  the 
lips  in  the  position  for  oo  and  the  tongue 
in  that  for  ee  ;  it  may  be  Anglicized  by  the 
English  u. 

U,  small  capital,  is  intended  to  represent' the 
eound  of  the  French  eu,  which  is  pro- 
nounced nearly  like  u  in  the  English  word 
fur. 

B,  small  capital,  is  used  to  denote  the  sound 
of  b  in  Spanish ,  often  nearly  approximat- 
ing that  of  v. 

I* j  small  capital,  is  intended  to  represent  a 
sound  similar  to  th  in  this. 

G  and  K,  small  capitals,  indicate  a  peculiar 
guttural  sound  of  the  German  ch,  or  one 
ir  to  it. 
20 


H,  small  capital,  has  a  sound  somewhat  similar 
to  the  preceding,  but  more  resembling  a 
strongly  aspirated  h. 

I  (l  liquid)  is  to  be  pronounced  like  Hi  in 
million;  it  blends  the  sounds  of  I  and  y 
consonant. 

M  and  N,  small  capitals,  are  used  in  the  re- 
spelling  of  French  words,  to  represent  the 
nasal  sound  of  the  preceding  vnwel,  and 
are  not  themselves  to  bo  pronounced.  The 
French  nasal  vowels  are  ax,  on,  5x,  Qn,  bo- 
ing  similar  in  sound  to  ting,  Sng,  ong,  ung. 

5  is  pronounced  like  ni  in  minion  ;  it  blends 
the  sounds  of  n  and  y  consonant. 

R,  small  capital,  has  nearly  the  sound  of  rr  in 
terror,  but  stronger. 

8  is  used  to  indicate  that  the  sound  of  the  s  is 
very  soft,  nearly  resembling  our  z  In 
the  middle  of  a  word  it  should  be  pro- 
nounced like  a  soft  z. 

w  has  a  sound  similar  to  our  v.  The  v  over 
the  w  is  intended  to  point  out  its  alliance 
to  our  v. 

y  and  ey  at  the  end  of  an  unaccented  syllable 
sound  like  i  in  pin. 

au  and  aw  have  the  sound  of  a  in  fall. 

ee  indicates  the  clear  sound  of  short  i  before  r, 
as  in  the  English  words  spirit,  miracle,  &c. 

ow  is  to  be  pronounced  like  ow  in  cow,  and  ou 
like  ou  in  house.  In  respelling  for  pronun- 
ciation, ow  has  been  replaced  by  ou  wher- 
ever the  former  combination  would  be 
liable  to  be  pronounced  like  o,  as  in  grow, 
tow,  &c. 

JgiP"  The  other  marked  letters  are  the  same  as 
those  used  in  the  body  of  the  Dictionary 
(305) 


306 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


A. 


Aa(li) 

Aalborg  (oFboRG) 

Abbeville    (Fr.)    (aV- 

▼81') 
AVbe-ville  (S.  C.) 
Ab^er-broth'gck,       or 

AVbroath 
AVer-deen'        [ga'ni) 
Abergavenny    (ab'gr 
Ab'gr-ist'with.   (tk   as 

in  thin) 
Abomey  (ab'o-ma') 
Abookeer,   or  Abukir 

(a-boo-keer7) 
Ab'ys-sinl-a  [ko) 

Acapulco   (R-ka-pooF- 
Ae/co-mac' 
Ach-een',     or     Atch- 

een'  [kwee) 

Acqui,    or    Aqui    (a7- 
Acquia  (a-kwFa) 
Acre  (a'kr  or  iFkgr) 
Adigo  (a'de-je)  [bene') 
Adlerberg         (a'dler- 
Adour  (a'dooR') 
Adriauople    (acFri-an- 
Ad'ri-at'ic  [o'pl) 

■SSgean  (Sea)  (e-jee'an) 
Afghanistan  (af-gan'- 

is-tan') 
Ajl/in-court     (or    &'- 

zhax'kooR') 
Agulhas  (ji-gooFyiis) 
Ah'uied-nug'gur 
Aix  (aks) 
■  Aix-la-Chapelle    (aks- 

la-sha/pel') 
Ajaccio  (a-yat'cho) 
Akennan  (a'kgr-man') 
AFa-ba'ma,    or    AFa- 
ba'ma 
Alamo  (a'la-mo) 
Al-ind     (a/land)    (Sw. 

Aland,  o'iand) 
A-lap/a-lri' 
Al-ba'ni-a 
Albano  (al-ba'no) 
Albans,  St.  (sent  awF- 

bunz) 
Albany  (awFba-nv) 
AFbe-marle' (U.  8.) 
Albuquerque    (iil-boo- 

keR'ka,     or    al'boo- 

kCrk) 
Alcala(al-ka-la')    [ra) 
Alcantara    (al-kiuFta- 


AFder-ney 

Alem    Tejo,   or  Alen- 

Tejo  (a-lex-ta'zho) 
Alenoon      (a-len'son  ; 

Fr.  pron.  a'loN'son') 
Alessandria        (iil-es- 

sau'dre-a) 
Aleutian  (a-lu'shi-an) 
AFex-an-dret'ta 
AFex-an'drl-a 
Algarve  (al-gaa'va) 
Al-ge'ri-a  Iras) 

Algeziras"     (al-je-zeV- 
Al-fiara/ 
Al-i-cant',  or  Alicante 

(a-le-kikFta) 
Allahabad  (aFlah-ha- 
Al'le-gha/ny        [bad"') 
Almaden  (al-ma-DenO 
Almeida  (al-ma'e-da) 
Alsace  (aPsass') 
Altai  (iil-tF) 
Altamaha  (awFta-ma- 

haw') 
AFton 

Altona  (aFtg-na) 
Altorf     (aFtoRf),     or 

Altdorf 
AnFa-z^n  \ 

Am-boy' 
Am-boy'na 
A-mer'I-ca 
Amherst  (am'grst) 
Amiens  (am'i-gnz ;  Fr. 

pron.  a-me'oN') 
AuFing-noo'suck 
Amoo,        or      Amou 

(a-moo') 
Amoor,     or     Amour 

(a-moor7) 
A-moy' 
AnFstgr-dam' 
An-a-deer',  or  Anadir 
Anahuac  (ii-na-wak') 
A-nanF  or  An'niim' 
Andalusia   (au'da-lu'- 

shi-a  ;  Sp.  pron.  iin- 

da-loo-thee'a) 
An'da-man' 
Andes  (au'dez) 
Andorra  (an-doR'Ra) 
An'do-vgr 
An'dros-cog'gin 
Angers  (an'jgrz) 
Anglesey,  or  Anglesea 

(ang'gl-se) 
An-go'la  [too'ra) 

Angostura        (an-gos- 


Anhalt  (an'halt) 
Anholt  (aiFholt) 
ArFjou  (Fr.  pron.  oV- 

zhoo') 
Annagh  (an-na/) 
An-nap'o-lis 
Ann  A-run'del 
Annecy  (an'se') 
Annobon  (an'no-bon') 
Anspach  (ans'paK) 
Antibes(5N/teeb')' 
An'tl-cos'tl  '  \» 

An-tiS'tam 
Antigua  (an-te'ga) 
Antilles     (an-teeF    or 

on'teeF) 
An'tl-och 
Antioquia       (an-te-o- 

kee'a) 
Anf/wgrp 
Apache  (ii-piFcha) 
Ap'gn-nme-j 
Ap'pa-lach'ee 
Ap'p'a-laclFI-co'la 
Apurimac      (ii-poo-re- 

mak') 
Aquila  (iFkwe-la) 
Arabia  (a-ra'bl-r;) 
Arad  (or'od') 
Ar'a-gon    (Sp.   pron. 

a-ra-gon') 
Xr'al 
Ar'a-rat 
Ar-cof 
Ar'den,   or   Ardennes 

(aR'den') 
Arequipa  ( a-ra-kee'pa) 
ArgenteuiF  (aR'zhoV- 

tPl') 
Ar' gen-tine  Re-pub'lic 
Argostoli      (aR-gos'to- 

lee)  [fH') 

Argyle,  or  Argyll  (ar- 
Arica  (ii-re'kU) 
Ariege  ( a/re-azh') 
Ar'i-zo'na, 
Ar-kan'sas    (formerly 

pron.  aVkgn-saw) 
Aries  (arlz  ;  Fr.  pron. 

aRl) 
Armagh  (ar-m a/) 
Armagnac     (aK'man'- 
Ar-me'm-a  [yak') 

A-roos'tobk 
Arpiuo  (aR-pee/no) 
AVra-can',  ur  Aracan 
Ar-rap'a-hoe.        Syn. 

Arapahoe. 


Ar'ras  ( Fr.  pron.  ar'- 

riis') 
Artois  (aR'twa') 
Ar'un-del  (Eng.) 
A-run'dgl(U.  S.) 
Aj/aph 
Aschaffenburg         (a- 

shaFfen-burg) 
Ascoli  (as'ko-lee)  _ 
A-shan'tee,    or   Jish'- 

an-tee' 
Ash'ta-bu'la  [lot) 

Ash'ue-lot  "    (ash'we- 
Asia  (a'shT-a,  not   a/- 

zhl-a) 
As-sanF 
As-sin'ni-boin' 
Assisi  (as-see7see) 
Asterabad     (as'tgB-8- 

bad') 
Asti  (as'tee) 
Astorga  (as-toR'ga) 
As-to'ri-a,       [trakhan 
As-tra-can7,     or     As- 
Asturias  (as-too're-a.c) 
Atacama  ( a-ta-ka'ma) 
Atchafalaya  (atch-af- 

a-lr/2 ) 
AtlFa-pcs'cow,         or 

Ath'a-bas'ca 
Ath-lone' 
Ath'rl,  or  A'thgl 
Athy  (a-thF) 
At'las 
Aube  (ob) 
Aug.'burg 
Augustine,    St.    (sent 

aw'gus-teen' ) 
Aurungabad  (5-rung'- 

ga-bad') 
Aus'tgr-litzf-lits;  Ger. 

pron.  ows'tgr-hts) 
Aus'tral-a'si-a      (-5.'- 

shi-a) 
Aus-tra'li-a 
Aus'trl-a 
Auton  (o'tttN') 
Auvergne  (o-vern'  or 

6'vcRn') 
Aux  Cayes  (o  kii) 
Auxerre  (o'scr') 
Auxonne  (oks^n'),  or 

Aussone  (os's5n') 
Ava  (ii'va) 

Avignon  (a'ven'yoN') 
Avon  (a'vgn) 
Ayr  (fir) 
Ayrshire  (ar'shjr) 


ft, «,  &o.,  long ;  a,  §,  &c,  short ;  care,  far,  ask,  fill,  what ;  Cre,  veil,  turm  ;  p'.'quc,  firm  ;  son,  6r, 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


V 


I 


Az'of,  Azoph,  or  Azov 
Azores   (a-zorz'    or  a- 
zo'rez) ' 


B. 


Bg/bel-man'del,  or, 
more  correctly,  Bab'- 
el-man'deb 

Badajos  (bad-a-hos') 

Baden  (ba/den  or 
bad'en) 

Bagdad  (bag-dad'  or 
bag'dad) ;  written 
also  Bagdat. 

Ba-ha'mas 

Bahia  (ba-e'a) 

Ba.'kal  (bi'kaP) 

Baireuth  (bl'njth ; 
Ger.  pron.  bl'roit) 

Bal'a-ghauts' 

Bal'a-kla'va 

Balatou,  more  correct- 
ly Balatony  (b&'- 
law-ton)  [sel. 

Bfde  (bal).     Syn.  Ba- 

Bal'e-Jlr'ic  (Islands) 

Balize  (bii-leez') 

Balkan  (bal-kan') 

Balkh  (biilk) ;  written 
also  Bulkh.    [spaw) 

Ball'ston  Spa  (spa  or 

Bal-nior'al 

Baltic 

Bal'ti-more  (or  bawl'- 
ti-mor) 

Banff  (bamf ) ;  some- 
times written  Bamff. 

Bang'kok'  [i$£r) 

Bangor  (Eng.)  (bang'- 

Ban'gor(U.S.) 

Bantam' 

Bapaume  (ba'pSm') 

Barataria  (ba-ra-ta/- 
re-a) 

Barbados,  or  Barba- 
does  (bar-ba'doz) 

Bar-ce-lo'na  (or  baR- 
tha-lo'na) 

Barege  (ba/razh') 

Barita  (ba-ree'ta)  or 
Barrita 

Barnaul  (baR-noveP) 

Bar're  (in  two  sylla- 
bles.) 

Basel  (baVzel)  (Fr. 
Bale,  or  Basle,  bal) 


Ba-taM-a  [roozb ) 

Baton  Rouge  (bat/un 

Ba-va-ri-a 

Bayeux  fba'yuh') 

Bayonne  (bii'yon') 

Bayreutb.  See  Bai- 
reuth. 

Beaufort  (British  Do- 
minions) (bo'furt) 

Beaufort  (S  C.)  (biP- 
furt) 

Behring's  (beer'ingz) 
(Strait) 

Bel'ed  -  el  -  Jer  -  eed' ; 
written  also  Beled- 
el-Jerid,  Biled-ul- 
Gerid,  &c. 

Bel- last'  (Ireland) 

BePfast  (Maine) 

Belgium  (bePjt-um) 

Bel'grade'         [(bel-IP) 

Belle   Isle,  or   Bellisle 

Belloochistan  (bel- 
loo'chis-tan') 

Benares  (ben-a'res) 

Bengal  (ben-gawP) 

Benguela  (ben-ga/la) 

Benin  (ben-eeu') 

Ben-Lo'mQnd 

Ben-Ne'vis 

Berg'gn 

BCrkyshire 

Ber'lin  ( Ger.  pron. 
b6R-leen') 

Ber-mu'dag,  or  Ber- 
moo'thes 

Bern,  or  Berne  (Fr. 
and  Ger.  pron. 
beRn  or  beRn) 

Berwick  (Eng.)  (beV- 
rik) 

Berwick  (U.  S.) 

Besancon  (Vzon'sSn') 

Bexar  ( Sp.  pron.  ba- 
HaR' ;  often  pron.  by 
the  Texans,  beh-har' 
or  bar) 

Bey  root,  Berut,  or 
Bairout  ( bu'root ; 
Turk.  pron.  bP- 
root) 

Bilbao  (bil-ba'o  ;  often 
written  and  pro- 
nounced in  Eng., 
BiPbo-a) 

Biled-ul-Gerid  (biP- 
ed-6"bl-jer-eed') 

BiPler-ic-a 


Bing'en 
Binghamton      (bing'- 

um-tun) 
BTr'ma.   Syn.  Burma. 
Birmingham         (bir'- 

ming-um) 
Bis'cay 
Blanc,    Mont     (moN 

bloN )      or      Mount 

Blanc. 
Blenheim  (blen'im^ 
Bogota  (bo-go-ta') 
Bo-he'mi-a, 
Bokhara  (bo-Ka'rii 

Bu-cha'ri-a. 
Bo-liv'J-a    (Sp.  pron. 

bo-lee  "ve-a) 
Bologna  (bo-18n'-y'a) 
Bom-bay' 
Bo'na  Yis'ta,  or  Bo'a 

Yi>"'ta 
Bootan  (boo-tan'),  or 

Bhootan 
Bordeaux  (boR'do')  or 

Bourdeaux    (ooor'- 

do') 
Borgne  (born) 
Bor'ue-o 
Bor-noo' ;  written  also 

Bornou  fno) 

Borodino   (bor-o-dee'- 
Bos'ni-a 

Bos'po-rus ;    less  cor- 
rectly written    Bos- 

phorus. 
Both'ni-a 
Boulogne      (boo-lon' ; 

Fr.  pron.  boo'lon') 
Bourbon     (boor'bun ; 

Fr.  pron.  booR'boN') 
Bourbon  (Ky.)  (bQr'- 

bun) 
Bourdeaux.     See  Bor- 
deaux. 
Bowdoin  (ba'den) 
Brabant  (bra'bant  or 

bra-bant') 
Bra-gan'za 
Brah'ma-poot'ra,      or 

BBr'ram-poo'tgr 
Bra-ziP    (Port.    pron. 

6Va-zeel') 
Bra-zo'rI-a 
Brazos     (bra/zgs      or 

bra'soss) 
Bread-aPbane 
Brechin  (breK'in) 
Brec'on 


Breda  (br&-da')_  \ 

BrenPcn  (or  bra'mgn) 

(Europe) 
Bre'men  (U.  S.) 
Breslau    (bres'law   or 

bres'lou) 
Breton  (brit'un) 

(Cape) 
Britain      (brit'un     or 

brit'n) 
Brit'ta-uy     (Fr.    Bre- 

tagne,  breh-taii') 
Brdbk'line 

Brobk'lyn  [brick) 

Briick   (br'uk,   almost 
Brunei     (Fr.     pron. 

briizh) 
Briinn  (brtin  or  br'un) 
Brunswick 
Brus'sgls.    (Fr.  Brux- 

ells,  brii'seP) 
Bu-cha'ri-a.         Syn. 

Bokhara? 
Bu'cho-rest',   or    Bu- 
charest 
Bu'da    (Hung.   pron. 

boo'dCh') 
Buena  Vista   (bwa'na 

vifi'tii) 
Buenos  Ayres  (bo'nus 

a'riz ;       Sp.      pron. 

bwiPnoss  Pres) 
Bur'gun-dy 
Bulgaria  (bcTol-ga'rt -a) 
Bulkh.     Syn.  Balkh" 
Bur'ram-poo'ter.  Syn. 

Brahmapootra. 
Bushire  (boo-sheer') 
Byzantium     (bl-^an'- 

shi-um) 


Ca-booP  (called  by  the 

"natives  Ka'bKl) 
Ca'diz  ( Sp.  pron.  ka'- 

Deth) 
Caen  (ko>') 
Caermarthen        (ker- 

mar'then)         [vgn) 
CaernarTon  (ker-nar'- 
Caf-fra'ri-a 
Ca-haw'ba 
CaPro  ( Eg"ypt) 
CaPro  (U.S.) 
Ca-la'brl-a  (or  ka-la'- 


do,  wqW,  t<Jb,  tdok  ;  flrn,  rue,  pull ;  9,  £,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard ;  as. ;  exist ;  0  as  ng ;  this    (s«e  p.  305 > 


308 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


Calais  (kfil'iss;  Fr. 
pron.  ka'la') 

Cal-cut'ta 

Cal'I-cut ~ 

Cal'I-for'ni-a 

Callao  (kal-la'o  or 
kal-yii'o) 

Cam-bay' 

Cam-bo'di-a,  or  Cam- 
boV 

Cam'bray,  or  Cambrai 
(Fr.pron.  koM'brl') 

Cambridge  (k.irn'brij) 

Campeacby  (kani-pee'- 
cbe) 

Can'a-da 

Canajoharie  (kan'a-jo- 
har're) 

Cauandaigua  (kan'an- 
d.i'gwa ) 

Canaries"  ( ka-ni'reez ) 

Ca-nav'er-af 

Can  -da-bar' ,  or  Kan- 
dahar 

Cand'i-a,  or  Crete 

Cannes  "(kiin) 

Canterbury  (kan'ter- 
ber-e) 

Can'ton  (China) 

Can'tgn(U.  S.) 

Cape  Breton  (kiip 
brit't'n  or  brit'un) 

Cap'u-a 

Ca-rac'as,  or  Caraccas 

Cardenas  (kaR'da'nas) 

Car'ib-be'an  Sea 

Ca-rin'thl~a 

Carlisle  (kar-lIlO 

Carlscrona  (karls- 
kroo'na) ;  or  Carls- 
croon 

Carlsruhe,  or  Karls- 
ruhe (karls'roo) 

Carolina  (kar'o-ll'na) 

Carpathian  (kar-pa'- 
thi-an) 

Car'pen-tii'rT-a 

Carrara  (kaa-Ra/ra) 

Cartagena  ( kar'ta.-je'- 
na  ;  Sp.  pron.  kaR- 
tii-Ha'nii) 

Cashmere,  or  Kash- 
mire  (kash-meer') 

C  as 'pi- an 

Cassiquiari  (kii-se-ke- 
Wtee ) 

Castile  (kas-teel') 

Castine  (kas-teen') 


Cat'a-lo'ni-a 
Cat'e-gat,  or  Kattegat 
Caubul      ( ka  w-bool' ) . 

Syn.  Cabool. 
Cau'ca-sus 
Cayenne  (kl-en/) 
Cayuga  (ka-yoo'ga) 
Cebu  (se-boo').     Syn. 

Zebu. 
Cefalu  (chef-a-loo') 
Celebes  (sel'e-biz) 
Cen'is  (or  sc'ne') 
Ceph'n,-lo'm-a 
Ceuta"    (su'ta ;      Sp. 

pron.  thU'oo-ta) 
Cevennes  (sa'ven') 
Ceylon  (see'ltm  or  sl- 

lon') 
Chagres  (cha'gres) 
Chaleur  (sha-loor') 
Chalons  (sha/l^N' 
Chamouny  (shii'moo'- 

ne') 
Champagne      (shoN'- 

piiH') 
Champaigne      (sham- 
pan') 
Cham -plain' 
Chandeleur  (shan-de- 

loor' ) 
Chang-haY.  Syn. 

Shang-hai. 
Chantilly      (shan-til'- 

lee ;        Fr.       pron. 

shjN'tGl'ye'  or 

shjN'te'ye') 
Chapultepec         (cha- 

pool-ta-pek') 
Charente  (sha'roNf) 
Chartres  (shaRt'r) 
Chat'ta-hoo'che 
Chat'ta-noo'ga, 
C  haudiere  ( sho'de-eR' ) 
Chautauqua         (sha- 

taw'kwa) 
Chelmsford     (chemz'- 

furd) 
Cheltenham      (chelf- 

num) 
Chemung  (she-mung') 
Chenango  (she-nang'- 

go) 
('he-raw' 
Cherburg    (sher/burg 

or  sheR'booR') 
Cher'o-kee' 
Chertsey  (ches'se) 
Ches'a-peake 


Che-sun'co*bk 
Cheviot  (chiv'e-ut) 
Cheyenne  (she-en') 
Chicago  (she-kaw'go) 
Chick'a-hom'i-ny 
Chick'a-mau'ga 
Chick'n-pee' 
Chick'a-saws 
Chihuahua    (che-wa'- 

wa) 
Chili  (chil'le) 
Chil'll-coth'e 
Chillon   (she'ySN'     or 

shil'lon) 
Chiloe  "(che-lo-fi',    al- 
most ch-il-way') 
Chimborazo  (chim'bo- 

rii'zo) 
Chi'na 
Chinchilla  (chin'- 

cheel'ya) 
Chin  In'di-a 
Chippenham      (chip'- 

num) 
Chippewa  (chip'pe-wa) 
Chip'pe-way 
Chiswick  (chiz'ik) 
Chowan  (cho-wan') 
Christiania  (kris-te-a'- 

ne-a,) 
Chudleigh  (chnd'lee) 
Chuquisaca  (choo-ke- 

sa-'kii) 
Cincinnati       (sin'sin- 

nah'tl) 
Circa^sia  (ser-kash'i-a) 
Cl'ren-ces'ter      (com- 
monly   pron.    sis'e- 

ter  or  sis'is-tgr) 
Civita  Yecchia  (chee'- 

vc-ta  Tek'ke-a) 
Clogher  (kloh'Hjjr) 
ClQn-mell' 
Coango  (ko-ang'go) 
Coblentz     (kob'lents) 

(Ger.   Coblenz,  ko'- 

blents) 
Cochin  (ko-cheen') 
Co'chin  Chi'na 
Cohahuila,     or     Coa- 

lmila  (ko-a-wee'la) 
Co-im'bra  (or  ko-eem'- 

bra) 
Coleraine  fkol-r~n') 
Cologne  (ko-lon') 
Colorado       (kol'o  ra'- 

do) 
Co-lum'bY-a 


Com'o-rin 
Com'o-ro 
Compiegne      (kSM'pe- 

S5') 
Conemaugh       (kon'e- 

maw) 
Congo  (kong'go) 
Connaught  (kon'- 

nawt) 
Connecticut        (kgn- 

uet'I-kut) 
Con-stan'ti-no'ple 
Cooch  Bahar  ( ba-har' ) 
Coos  (ko-os') 
Co'pen-hi'Son    (Dan- 
ish       Kjobenhavn, 

kyo-ben-hown') 
Cor-dil'fgr-as         ( Sp. 

pron.      koR-del-ya'- 

ras) 
Cor'do-va,  or  Cordoba 
Co-re's 
Cori'u  (kor-foo'  orkor'- 

fu) 
Cor'inth 
Corpus  Chris'ti  (kor'- 

pus  kris'te) 
Corrientes       (koR-Re- 

Cn'tes) 
Cor'sl-ca 
Co-run'na    (Sp.     Co- 

runa,  ko-roon'ya) 
Costa     Rica     (kos'ta 

ree'ka) 
Cotopaxi  (ko-to- 

paks'e ;     Sp.    pron. 

ko-to-pah'ne) 
Coventry  (kuv'o'n-trl) 
Cov'ing-ton 
Cowes  (kowz) 
Cracow  (kr.Vko) 
Crecy    ( kres'sc  ;      Fr. 

pron.  krii'sc') 
Cre-mo'na   (It.  pron. 

kra-mo'na) 
CrI-me'a  (Russ. 

Krim.) 
Croatia  (kro-a'shl-a) 
Croix,  St.  (kroi).  &#*. 

Santa  Cruz. 
Cronstadt  (kron'stat) 
Cu'ba,  ( Sp.  pron.  koo'- 

ba) 
Cul'pep-per 
Cumana  (koo-ma-na,') 
Ouraroa  (ku'ra-so') 
Cur'ri-tuck' 
Cuzco  (koos'ko) 


a, 5,  &.c.,long;  a,S,&c, short;  care,  tar,  6sk,  all,  what;  ere,  veil, term;  pique,  firm;  s6n,8r, 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 

(es-sa-ke' 


35.  I  Douai,  or  Douay  (doo'- 

a')  ;  sometimes 

(dahlio-       written  Doway. 
[ma')  i  Doubs  (doobz  or  doo) 
'  Douro  (doo/ro) 
Do'vre-i'i-eld'    (Norw. 
Daavrefjeld,  do'vrg- 
fyeld') 
Drin  (dreen),  or  Drino 

(dree' no) 
Drogheda      fdroh'no- 

Drontheirn  (dront'im) 

Dublin 

Dubuque  (du-bobk') 

Duero     (doo-a'ro      or 

dwa/ro) 
Dulwich  (dul'ij) 
Dum-blane'      [freess') 
Dumfries  (dum- 

Dun-bar' 

Dundalk  (dun-dawk') 
Dun-dass' 
Dun-dee' 
Dunfermline       (dum- 

fer'lin) 
Duquesne  (du-kan') 
Durham  (dtir'um) 
Dus'sel-dorf         ( Gcr. 

Diisseldorf,  dus'sgl- 

dORf) 

Dwl'na 


Dahomey 

Da-ko'ta 
Dalles  (dalz) 
Dalmatia        (dal-ma'- 

shT-a) 
Dal  ton  (dawl'tcm) 
Dant'zic         (dant'sik) 

(Ger.  Danzig,  diint'- 

siG) 
Dan'ube 
Dardanelles     (dar'da- 

nelz')  [gn) 

Darien     (Ga.)   (da're- 
Darien ,    Isthmus    of 

(da-re-fin') 
Darmstadt  (daRm'stiit) 
Dartmouth         (darf- 

muth) 
Dec'can,  or  Dek'kan 
Del'a-go'a 

Delaware  (del'a-war) 
Delft      (every'    letter 

should       be       pro- 
nounced.) 
Delhi,  or  Dehli  (Hin- 

dostan)  (del'lee) 
Demerara   (dein'er-a'- 

ra)  [shi^r) 

Denbighshire  (den'be- 
Deptford  (det'furd) 
Der'by  (or  dar'bi) 
Derne  (der'ng  or  der'- 

ngh) 
Des  Moines  (de  moin) 
Des'sau    (  Ger.     pron. 

des'sow) 
De-troit' 
Dhawalaghiri         (da- 

wol'a-ger're) 
Dieppe"(dyep  or  de-ep') 
Dijon  (de'zhoN') 
Dnieper  (nee'per  ; 

Russ.  pron.  dnyep'- 

jjr) 
Dniester       (nees'tgr  ; 

Russ.  pron.  dnyes'- 

ter) 
Do'fra  fl-eld'.       Syn. 

Dovrefield. 
Domingo  (do-ming'go) 
Dominica  (doin'e-nee'- 

ka) 
Donegal  (don-e-gawl') 
Dongola  (dong'go-la) 
Dor-dogne   (dor'dSn' ; 

Fr.  pron.  doR'don' ) 


' 


Ecuador  (ek-wa-doR') 
Edinburgh  (ed'in-bur- 

ruh) ;  written  also, 

but     less     properly, 

Edinboro'. 
Ed'is-to 
Egypt  (e'jipt) 
Elbe  (elb  ;    Ger.  pron. 

el'beh) 
El-boorz',  or  El-brooz'; 

written  also  Elburz 

and  Elbrouz 
El'gin-shire 
El  Paso  del  Norte  (el 

pa'so  del  noR'ta) 
El'sT-nore',     or    Elsi- 

neur  (el'se-nur') 
England  (ing'gland) 
Entre  Douro  e  Minho 

(en'tra      doo'ro      a 

meen'yo) 
Erfurt  (eVfobRt) 
Erie  (S'ree) 


Essequibo 

bo) 
Estremadura    (es-tra- 

ma-Doo'ra)  [t3z) 
Euphrates  (yjj-fra/- 
Europe  (u'rup) 


Faeroe  ( f  a'ro  or  f  a'ro-g ) 
Falkland  (-fawk'land) 
Falmouth  (t'al'muth) 
Falster     ( t'al'ster     or 

lal'stgr) 
Faroe  (t'a'ro  or  f a'ro-e) 
Faya.1  (fl-awl'  ;    Port. 

pron.  i'I-al' ) 
Fee'jee.     Syn.  Fiji. 
Ferrara  (feR-Ra'ra) 
Fezzan  (lez'ziin') 
Fiji  (pronounced,  and 

often  written,  Fee'- 
jee) 
Finisterre,  Cape  (fin- 

is-ter') 
Fin'land 
Fiume  (fyoo'ma) 
Flan'derg 
Flor'ence 
Flo'res 
Flor'I-da 
Foutainebleau 

tan'blo') 
For-mo'sa 
France  (franss) 
Frank'fg-rt 
Freiburg  (fri'burg  or 

fri'booRG) 
FriS^'land 
Frio  (free'o) 
Frob'ish-gr'g  Strait 
Fulda  (fdol'da) 
Funchal  (foon-shal') 
Fii'nen 


(f6N'- 


G. 

Gaeta  (ga-a'ta) 
Galapagos    (gal'a-pa' 

gus) 
Galatz  (ga'lats) 
Ga-le'na 

Galicia  (ga-lish'T-a) 
Gal'li-po-fi's'  (Ohio) 
Gal'lo-way 
Gal'ves-ton 
Gal  way  (gawl'wa) 


>1 


Gan'geg 
Garda  (gaR'da) 
Garonne  (ga-ron') 
Gas'co-n5r 
Gaspe  (gas'pa') 
Gelders,    or    Guelders 

(gel'dgrz) 
Gen'e-see' 
Ge-ne'va 
(len'o-a" 
Geor'gi-a 
Uer'ma-n^ 
Geyser's  (gl'serz) 
Ghauts  (gawts) 
Ghent  (gent) 
Gi-bral'tar 
Gila  (He'la) 
Gilolo  (He-lo'lo) 
Gizeh  (jee'zeh  or  gee'- 
Glas'gow  Ugh) 

Gloucester  (glos'tgr) 
Gol-con'da 
Gon'dar 
Gotha  (go'ta) ' 
Goth'land 
Gbttingen,  or  Goettin- 

gen   (get'ting-gn    or 

got'ting-gn) 
Gram'pi-an 
Granada  (gra-na'da) 
Gratz,  or  Graetz  (grcts) 
Great  Britain  (brit'un 

or  brit'n) 
Greenwich  (grin'ij) 
Grenada  (gre-na'da) 
Grenoble  (grgn-ob'l  or 

grgh-no'b"l)_ 
Grisons  (gre'zoN') 
Gross-Wardein   (gros- 

waR'din) 
Gro'ton  (Eng.) 
Gro'tpn(U.  S.) 
Guadalajara,  or  Gua- 

dalaxara     (gwii-Da- 

la-Ha'ra) 
Guadaloupe    (gaw'da- 

loop'  or  ga'da-loop" ) 
Guadalupe     (gwa-da- 

loo'pa    or    gaw'da- 

loop') 
Guadalquivir     (gav>'- 

dal-kwiv'gr ;        Sp. 

pron.      gwii-nal-ke- 

veeR') 
Guadiana   (gaw'de-a'- 

na.  or  gwa-De-ii'na) 
Guardafui     (gwar'da- 

fwee  or  gar'da-fweO 


q,  w9lf ,  to~o ,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rye,  pull;  c,g,  soft;  c,  g,hard;  ag  ;  epst;  nasng;thia   (seep  806). 


310 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


Guatemala  (gaw'te- 
ma'la,  or  gwa-te- 
ma/la)  [keel') 

Guayaquil         (gwi-a- 
Guernsey  (gern'ze) 
Guiana    (ge-a'na),    or 

Guyana 
Guildford  (gil'fbrd) 
Guinea  (i^in'e)     [dot') 
Guyandott        (gi-an- 

H. 

Haarlem ,  Haerlem ,  or 

Harlem  (har'lem) 
Had-ra-mauV*. 
Hague~(haig),  The 
Hainan  (hl-nan7)  [dee) 
Hakodadi  (ha-ko-da/- 
Hal'I-fax 
Halle  (hal'leh) 
Hallowell  (hol'o-wel) 
Ham'burg  (  Ger.  pron. 

ham'booRG) 
Hampshire     [no'ver) 
Han'o-ver   (Ger.  han- 
Hartz,  or  Harz  (harts) 
Hat'ter-as 

Ha-van'a,  or  Havanna 
Haverhill  (Eng.)(hav'- 
er-il )  [vgr-il ) 

Haverhill  (Mass.  ){ba'>- 
Havre  de  Grace  (hav'- 

gr  de  grass) 
Hawaii  (ha-wl'ee) 
Hayti,  or  Haiti  (Im'fi) 
Hebrides  (heb'rl-dSz) 
Hec'la  [beRG') 

Heidelberg       (hi'dgl- 
Hg-le'na  (St.) 
Hen-lo'pgn 
Hen-rl'ko 
Herat  (hgr-af) 
Hur'cu-la'ne-um 
Her'e-fgrd  [furd) 

Hertford  (Eng.)(har/- 
Hesse  Cas'scl 
Hesss  Darmstadt  (hess 

daRm'stiit) 
Himmaleh   (him-ma7- 
la),  or  Ilim-a-lS'ya 
Hin-do-stan',  "or    In- 

do-stan' 
Ilis-pan-i-o-la 
Ho-ang'ho  (pro- 

nounced almost 

whang'ho) 


Ho'bar-tQn    or  Hob'- 

ar-ton 
Ho'bo-kgn 
Holland 

llolstein  (hoPstln) 
Hol'y-head  [ras) 

Honduras    (hon-doo'- 
Honfleur      (hijN'i'lUR' 

or  Ox'i'lUR') 
Hon'i-tgn  [loo) 

Honolulu  (ho-no-loo'- 
Hoog'ly  [ton'ik) 

Housatonic      (hoo'sa- 
Hue  (hoo-u') 
Hungary  (hung'ga-rT) 
Hu'rgn  [bad') 

Hyderabad    (hi'dgr-a- 
Hythe  (hith) 


Iceland 

I'da-ho  [-noi') 

Illinois    (il-li-noiz'    or 

Il-lyr'I-a 

In'dl-a  *  [na) 

Iu'dl-an'a  (or  in-dl-a/- 

In'di-an-ap'Q-lis 

Indies  (in'diz) 

Ingolstadt  (ing/ol- 
stiit  or  ing'gol-stat/) 

Innspruck  (inss'- 

prdbk),  or  Inns- 
bruck (inns'brUk) 

In'vgr-ii'ry  [IokI) 

Inverlochy       (in'vgr- 

Tn-vor-ness' 

lona  (e-o'na) 

Tonia  (I-o'ni-a) 

I'o-wa 

Ir-kootsk' 

Iroquois  (Tr-o-kwoy') 

Isere  (e'zeR') 

Is/ling-trm     • 

Ispahan  (is-pa-han') 
or  Isfahan 

It'n-ly 

I-u'ka  [or  Ibiza 

Ivi<ja,~Iviza  (e-vee'sa), 


J. 

Jalapa  (Hii-la/pa) 
Jalisco  (na-lees'ko  or 

Ha-lis'ko) 
Jamaica  (ja-ma'ka) 


Ja-pan' 

Japura  (Ha-poo'ra) 
Java  (ja/va  or  ja/va) 
Jeddo  (yed'do)       [na) 
Jen's,  (  Ger.  pron.  ya'- 
Jersey  (jer'zi) 
Je-ru'sa-lem 
Jesso,  or  Iesso  (yes'so) 
Jol'T-ba,  or  Djoliba 
Jorullo"     (Ho-rool'yo; 
often  pron.  Ho-roo'- 

y«) 

Ju'an  Fcr-nan'dez 
Ju'an,  Saint  (Sp.  San 

Juan,    san  Hoo-an' 

or  san  Hwan ) 
Jungfrau        (ydbng'- 
Ju'ni-at'a  [frow) 

Jutland" 


Kal'a-ma-zoo' 
Kalusz  (ka/loosh) 
Kamieniec  (kam/yen'- 

yets') 
Kamt-chat'ka,  or 

Kamt-schat'ka 
Kanawha  (ka-naw'wa) 
Kau'da-har'"* 
Kankakee  (kan-kaw'- 

kee) 
Kan'sas  v 

Kara  fka'ra) 
Kash-gar',  or  Cashgar 
Ka-tab/din 
Katrine,  or  KaVrlne 
Keighly  (keeth'le 
Kelat  (kcl-aV),  or  Ke- 
Ken'ne-beck'        [lath 
Ken'ne-bunk' 
Ken-tuck'y 
Ke'o-kuk' 
Kerguelen        (kerg'e- 

Ign)  Land 
Kerman  (kgr-man/) 
Khartoom    or    Khar- 
toum (Kar-toom') 
Khiva,      or      Kheeva 

(Kee/va) 
Khorassan       (Ko'ras- 

san') 
Kiakhta  (ke-aK'ta) 
Kick'a-poo' 
Kief,  "or  Kiew    (ke-ef 

or  Ki-ev') 
Kiel  (keel) 


Kil-ken'ny 
Kil-lar'ney 
Kil-mar'nock 
Kincardine  ( king-kar'- 

din)  [ta/o> 

Kingkitao      (king-ke- 
Kin-ross' 
Kin-sale' 
Kircaldy  (kir-kawl'dy' 

or  kir-kaw'dy) 
Kirkudbright        (kir- 

koo'bree) 
Kit'ta-tin'ny 
Kiz'if  Ir'mak    [fooRt') 
Klagenfurth  (klii'gen- 
Klau'^en-burg    (  Ger. 

pron.  klow'zgn- 

bdbRG') 
Kbnigsberg     (ko'nigz- 

^£rg))    or    Koenigs- 

berg  (ken'igz-bcrg  ; 

Ger.   pron.  kb'niGS- 

beRG') 
Kooban,     or    Kuban 

(koo-ban') 
Koordistan,    or    Kur- 
distan       (koor-dis- 

tiin') 

L. 

Laaland  (law'land),  or 

Lol'land 
Lab'ra-dor' 
Lac'ca-diveg' 
Lack'a-wan'na 
Lad'o-ga 
Ln-drone^'  (Sp.  pron. 

lan-ro'nt's) 
Lago  Maggiore  (la'go 

mad-jo'ra) 
Laguna  del  Madre  (la- 

goo'na  delmaD'ra) 
Lahore  (la-hor') 
Laibach(lI'baK).  Syn. 

Laybach. 
La  Mancha  (la  mitn/- 

cha)  [shir) 

Lancashire       (lank'a- 
Lanc/as-tgr 
Lan-daff' ;  more  prop- 
erly Llandaff. 
Langres  (loNg'r) 
Languedoc    (loNT/ggh- 

dok') 
La   Plata  (la  plii'ta). 

See  Plata. 
La  Puebla  de  los  An- 


&,S,  &c,  long;  &,h,&,c,  short ;  care,  far,  ask,  all,  what;  ore,  veil,  term  ;  p'-'que,  firm;  s6n,  or 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


( 
3ix 


geles  (la  pwgb'la  da 

los  ang'Hel-es) 
Las'sa,      or      H'lassa 

(hfas'sa) 
Latakia    (la'ta-kee'a), 

or    Ladikia"  (la'de- 

kee'a) 
Lausanne  (lo'zan') 
Lay bach,    or   Laibach 

(H'biiK) 
LSam'ing-tgn 
Leg-horn'     (or     leg'- 

horn) 
Lehigh  (lee'hT) 
Leicester  (les'tgr) 
Leinster    (lin'stgr     or 

leen'stgr) 
Leipsic  (llp'sik)  (Ger. 

Leipzig,  Kp'tsiG) 
Leith^leeth) 
Le'na     ( Russ.     pron. 

15-nii) 
Leom'in-ster  (II.  S.) 
Leominster         (Eng.) 

(lein'stgr) 
Le'on  (Sp.  pron.    15- 

on') 
Le-vant' 
Lev'en,  Loch 
Lew'ish-ani 
Leyden,  or  Leiden  (II'- 

dgn  or  ll'dgn) 
Li-be'ri-a 
Lichtenfels      (liK'ten- 

fels') 
Liege  (leej  ;   Fr.  pron. 

le-3zh') 
Lille,  or  Lisle  (leel) 
Lima  (Peru)  (lee'ma) 
Lima(U.  S.)  (ll'ma) 
Llm'gr-ick 
Limoges  (le'mozh') 
Lincoln  (link'un) 
Lin-lith'gow 
Lis'bg-n 
Lisle  (leel) 
Lith'u-a'ni-a 
Liv'gr-pool  " 
Ll-vo'nl-a 
Llandaff  jlan-daf ),  or 

Landaff  [leu) 

Llangollen  (lan-goth'- 
Llanos  (lya'nos) 
Loango  (lo-ang'go) 
Lof-fo'dgn,  or  Lo-fo'- 

dgn 
Loire  (lw&R) 
Lom'bar-dy 


Lomond,    Loch     (Iok 

lo'mund) 
London    ( lun'dun    or 

lun'd'n) 
Londonderry       (lun'- 

dun-der'ri) 
Loo    Choo    (ch  as   in 

child) 
Lorraine  (lor'ran') 
Lothian  (lo'thi-an) 
Lou'don    (ou    as     in 

shout) 
Louis,  St.  (sent  loo'is 

or  loo'e  ;     Fr.  pron. 

s&n  loo'e')  [ad') 

Louisiade      (loo-ee-ze- 
Louisiana       (loo'e-ze- 

a'na ) 
Louisville    (loo'is-vil; 

formerly  pron.  loo'- 
Low'gll  [I-vil) 

Li'beck 
Luc'ca      (It.      pron. 

look'kii) 
Lucerne  (loo-sSrn') 
LQck'now' 
Lu'nen-burg 
Lutzen  (16"bt'sen) 
Lux'gm-burg         (Fr. 

Luxembourg,  l'uks'- 

QN'booR')  [zern') 
Luzerne  (U.  8.)  (lu- 
Luzon    (loo-zon'),    or 

Lucon    ( Sp.    pron. 

loo'thon') 
Ly'Qns     (Fr.      Lyon, 

le'oN') 

M. 

Maastricht  (mas'triKt 

or  mas'triKt) 
Macao    (ma-ka'o      or 

ina-kow') 
Ma-cas'sar 
Machias  (ma-chl'as; 
Mack'i-naw 
Macon  (France)  (ma/- 

kos')  [kun) 

Macon    (U.   S.)    (m;V- 
Mad'a-gas'car 
Madeira    (ma-dee'ra  ; 

Port,  pron?  ma-da'- 
Mad-ras'  [e-rii) 

Mad-rid'    ( Sp.     pron. 

ma-Dreei>',      almost 

math-reeth') 


Mad'rid(U.  S.) 
Maelstrom  (mal'strum 

or  mal'strum) 
Maestricht,    or   Maas- 
tricht (mas'triKt) 
Mag'a-dox'o,  or  Maga- 

doxa 
Mag'da-le'na 
Mag'de-burg"        ( Ger. 

pron.  maG'deh- 

bdbRG') 
Main,  or  Mayn  (m!n) 
Maine  (France)  (man; 

Fr.     pron.     almost 

men) 
Maine  (U.  S.)(m£ln) 
Ma-joF'ca 
Mal'a-bar' 
Ma-lac'ca 

Mal'g-ga*  ( or  ma/la-ga) 
Mal'den 

Maldives  (mal'divz) 
Malmesbury    (mamz'- 

bgr-i) 
Mal'mb  (or  mal'mo) 
Malta   (mawl'ta  ;     It. 

pron.  mal'tii) 
Malvern  (maw' vera) 
Malwah  (mawl'wa) 
Man'chgs-tgr 
Ma-nil'la  (Sp.  Manila, 

ma-nee'la) 
Mantchooria       (man- 

choo're-a) 
Man'tu-a  (It.  Manto- 

va,  man'to-va) 
Maracaybo,   or  Mara- 

caibo  (ma-ra-ki'bo) 
Mar'ble-head' 
Marlborough    (mawl'- 

brQh) 
Mar'niQ-ra,   or    Mar'- 

ma-ra ) 
Marquesas    (mar-kii'- 

sas) 
Marseilles    (mar-salz') 

(Fr.  Marseille,  maa'- 

sul') 
Mar'ta-ban' 
Martinique      (mar'tt- 

neek') 
Ma'ry-land 
Mas'sa-chu'setts 
Mat'a-gor'da 
Mat'a-mo'ros,  or  Mat- 
am  oras 
Ma-tan'zas     (or    ma- 

tiin'thas) 


Mauch-Chunk  ( mawk- 

chunk') 
Mau-mee' 

Maurepas  (mo're-pa') 
Mauritius  ( maw-rish'- 

Y-us) 
Mayence.    See  Mentz. 
Mayenne  (ma'yen'  or 

mi'en') 
Maz'at-lan'    (or    mii- 

sat-lan') 
Mechlin  (mek'lin) 
Meck'len-burg    (  Ger 

pron.  mek'len- 

bobRG') 
Medina  (Arabia)  (mc- 

dee'na) 
Medina  "(D.   S.)  (me- 

dl'na) 
Melbourne  (mel'burn) 
Mel-ro^e' 

Mem'gl  (or  ma'mgl) 
Mem'phre-ma'gog 
Menai  (men'i  or  men/- 

a)  (Strait) 
Mendocino     (men-do- 

see'no) 
Mer'I-da  (or  nier'e-dii) 
Mer'i-on'eth 
Mer'rT-mack 
Mersey  (mer'zT) 
Messina  (mgs-see'na) 
Mesurado  (ma-soo-i-a'- 

do)  [pron.  mas) 

Metz       (mets ;        Fr. 
Meuse      (muz;      Fr. 

pron.  muz) 
Mex'T-co 
Miaco  (me-a'ko) 
Miami  (ml-a'mi) 
Michigan  (mish'I-g'a, 

or  mish'i-gan) 
Milan  (mil'an  or  mT- 

lan') 
Mil-wau'kee,   or    Mil- 

wau'kie 
Mindanao       (min-da- 

na'o) 
Min'ne-so'ta  [eg ) 

MT-nor'ca ,  or  Men-or'- 
Miramachi  (mir'a-ma- 

shee') 
Mis-sis'que 
Mis'sis-sip'pi 
Missolonghi     (mis'so- 

long'ge) 
Missouri  (mis-soo'ri) 
Mobile  (mo-beel') 


dQ,  W9lf,  t(5t>,  tdbk ;  tirn,  rue,  p\jll ;  c,  g,  soft ;  «,  g, hard ;  aa  ;  exist;  n  as  ng ;  this    (see  p.  305). 


312 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


Mocha  (mo'ka)  [na) 
Mod'e-na  (or  mod'a- 
Mo'hawk 

Moldau  (mol'dow) 
Mol-da/vl-a 
Mo-luc'ca§ 
Mon-go'11-g, 
Mo-non'ga-he'la 
Mon-ro'vi-a 
Mon-ta'na"         [box') 
Montauban  (moN'to'- 
Mont      Blanc      (moN 

bloN)      or      Mount 

Blanc. 
Mont  Oenis  (m$N  seh- 

ne'  or  sgh-ness') 
Montenegro    (mon-ta- 

na'gro ) 
Monterey  ( mon-ta-ra' ) 
Mon'tn-vid'e-o  (or 

moil  ta-vee'dil-o) 
Montgomery     (mgnt- 

gum'er-e) 
Mont-pe'11-er 
Mont-pel'li-er        (Fr. 

pron.  moN'pel'le-a') 
Montreal       (mont're- 

awl') 
Moorzook,  Mourzouk, 

or    Murzuk    (moor- 
zook/) 
Mo-ra'vi-a 
Moray  ;     pron. ,    and 

often  ivritten,  MHr'- 
Mo-re'a  [ray. 

Morena,  Sierra  (se-eR'- 

Ra  mo-ra'na) 
Mo-rqc'co 
Mos'cow 
Moselle  (mo-zel/) 
Mo'sul,  or  Moo'sul 
Moy'a-men'sing 
Mozambique  (mo-zam- 

beek') 
Munich  (mu'nik)(Ger- 

man  Mtinchen, 

m'un'Hgn) 
Miinster  (Ireland) 
Mur,  or  Muhr  (mooR) 
Mursuk.      See  Moor- 
zook. 
Mus-cat'  [teen') 

Muscatine      (mus'ka- 
Mus-co'gee 
Mus'co-vy 
Muskingum         (mus- 

king'gum) 
Mysore  (ml-sor') 


N. 

Nacogdoches  (nak'o- 
do'chiz) 

Naniur  (na'mur;  Fr. 
pron.  uii'miiR') 

Nan'cy  ( Fr.  pron. 
noN'se') 

Nangasaki  (nang-ga- 
sii'ke) 

Nan-kin',  or  Nan- 
king' 

Nantes  (nants ;  Fr. 
pron.  noNt) 

Nan-tuck'gt 

Naples  (na'plz) 

Narbonne  (naR'bon') 

Nash'u-a 

Nas'sau"  ( Ger.  pron. 
nas'sou) 

Natal  (na-tal') 

Natch'i-toch'es  (some- 
times pronounced 
nak'e-tush') 

Nav'a-hoe  (Indians) ; 
ivritten  also  Nabajo. 

Navarre  (na-var') 

Ne-bras'ka  ~ 

Neck'ar,  or  Neck'gr 

Neel'gher'ry,  or  Neil- 
gherry  (neel'ger'- 
ree)  [rl-po 

Neg-ro-pont',  or   Eg'- 

Ne-o'sho 

Neots,  St.  (sgnt  neets') 

Ne-paul',  or  Nepal 

Ngr-bud'dah 

Neufchatel,  or  Ncu- 
chatel  (nush'a'tel') 

Neuilly  -  sur  -  Seine 
(nuh'ye'siiR'san') 

Neuse  (nus) 

Ne'va  ( Russ.  pron. 
ni~va) 

Nevada  (na-va'na) 

Nerers  (ngh-veR') 

Newfoundland  (nu'- 
fund-land') 

New  Or'le-an^  ;  often, 
but  less'  correctly, 
called  New  Or- 
leans'. 

Ngami  ('n-ga/mee) 

Niagara  (nT-ag'a-ra) 

Nicarauga  (nik'a-ra/- 
gwii) 

Nice  (nees) 

Niemen  (nee'men) 


Niger       (nl'jgr),       or 

Quor'ra 
Nile  [(neem) 

Nimes,      or      Nismes 
Ni-phon',  or  Ni-pon' 
Nip'is-sing' 
Nizh'nee     (or    Nyni) 

Nov'go'rod 
Norfolk  (nor'fgk) 
Nor'man-dy 
Nor'ridge-wock 
Norrkbping  (noR'cho- 

Ping) 
Nor' way  [rij) 

Norwich  (Eng.)  (nor- 
Norwich  (U.  S)  (nor'- 

rich  or  nor'wich) 
Nova     Scotia     (no'va 

sko'shl-a) 
No'va  Zem'bla 
Nu'bi-a 

Nueces"  ( nwa'sSs ) 
Nu'rem-bgrg        (Ger. 

Nurnberg,      nijRn'- 

beRG) 
Nyanza  (ne-an'za) 
Nykb'ping,  or  Nykjb'p- 

ing       (nii'cho'ping, 

almost       nee'chfip- 


Oahu  (wiih'hoo) 
Oaxaca,  or  Oajaca  ( wa- 

H'a'ka) 
O'ber-lin  [Ob 

Obi,  or  Oby  (o'be),  or 
Oceana  (o'she-a'na) 
Oceania  (o'she-a'ni-a) 
Oceanica    (o'she-an'I- 

ka) 
Oc-mul'gee  ;  formerly 

written  Oakmulgee. 
O-co'nee 

Odense  (o'dgn-sgh) 
O-des'sa 
Oeland"(o'land) 
Ogeechee  (o-gee'chee) 
O-hl'o 

Okhotsk  (o-Kotsk') 
Ol'den-burg         ( Ger. 

pron.  ol'den-bot>RG') 
Olm'utz  (ol'muts) 
Omaha  (o'ma-haw') 
Oman  (o-miin') 
O-ne'ga  ( Russ.   pron. 

o-na'ga) 


Oneida  (o-nl'da) 
Onondaga         (on'un- 

daw'ga) 
Ontario  (on-ta'rT-o) 
Op'e-loii'sas 
O-por'to 
Or'e-gg-n 
O'rl-no'ko 
Orizaba  (o-re-sa'bii) 
Orkneys  (ork'nez) 
Or'le-ans    ( Fr.    pron- 

or'IS'on') 
O'sage' 
Os'na-br'uck' ;      often 

called  by  the  English, 

Os'na-burg. 
Ost-end' 
Os-we'go 

Ot'ta-wa  (or  ot'ta-wa) 
Oude  (owd) 
Ouse  (ooz) 
O-zark' 


Pa-dang' 

Pad'u-a  (Tt.  Padova, 

pa'do-va) 
Paisley  (paz'll) 
Pal'em-bang' 
Palenque  (pa-lenk'a) 
Pa-ler'mo 
Pal'es-tine 
Palmas,  or  Las  Palmaa 

(las  pal'mas) 
Palo  Alto  (pa'lo  al'to) 
Pam'li-co 
Pa-mun'key,    or    Pa- 

mun'ky 
Panama  (pan'a-ma/) 
Papua    ( pap'oo-a     or 

pa'poo-ji) 
Para  (pii-ra') 
Paraguay  (pa-r'a-gwa' 

or  pa-ra-gwl' ) 
Par'a-mar'I-bo 
Parana  (pa-ra-na') 
Parana-lba,  or  Para- 

nahiba      (pa-rii-na- 

ee'bii) 
Parina(pii-re-na') 
Paris      (pitr'is;       Fr. 

pron.  pii'Re') 
Pascagoula      (pas'ga- 

goo'Ia) 
Paso  del  Norte  (pa'so 

del  noR'ta) 


a,e,  Sec,  long;  a, e,  &c, short;  care,  far,  ask,  all,  what;  ere, veil, term;  pique,  firm;  son, or. 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


313 


Pas-sa'ic 

Pas'sa-ma-quod'dy 

Pat'a-go'ni-a 

Pa  via  (pa-vee'a) 

Paw-tuck'et 

Pays    de   Vaud    (pa/e 

deh  to) 
Paz,  La  (la  paz ;  Sp. 

pron.  la  path) 
Pe-chee-lee  (pS-chee- 

lee') 
Pe'dee' 

Pe'kin',  or  Pe'king' 
Pe-lew' 

Pembina  (pem/be-na) 
Pembroke  (pemy- 

bro~bk) 
Penn'syl-va'ni-a 
Pe-nob'scQt 
Pen'sa-co'la 
Penzance  (pen-zanss') 
Pe-o'ri-a. 
Pernambuco        (peR- 

nain-boo'ko) 
Persia  (per'shi-a,  not 

per'zhi-a) 
Peru  (pe-roo') 
Peschiera  ( pes-ke-5'ra) 
Pesth  (pest) 
Pet-cho'ra,    or     Pet- 

schora  ~ 
Pe'ter^-burg,  Saint 
Phil'a-del'phl-a 
Phil'fp-pTne 
Pictou  (pik-too7) 
Piedmont  (peed'mont) 
Pilcomayo         (pil-ko- 

mT'o) 
Pisa  (pee'sa) 
Pis-cat'a-qua 
Pis-cat'a-quis 
Plaquemine       (plak'- 

men') 
Plata,  La  (la  pla'ta) 
Plata,  Rio  de  la  (re'o 

da  la  pla/ta) 
Plombieres    (ploM'be- 

Cr') 
Plymouth  (plinVuth) 
Poitiers,    or   Poictiers 

(poi-teerz'  ;  '        Fr. 

pron.  pwa'te-a') 
Poitou,     or     Poictou 

(poi'too;    Fr.  pron. 

pwa'too') 
Po'land  [shi-a) 

Polynesia    (pol'i-nee"'- 
Pom/e-ra'ni-a 


Pompeii  (pom-pa'yee) 
Pondicherry    (pon'de- 

sher'ree) 
Pont'char-train' 
Popayan  (po-pi-an7  or 

po-pa^yan7) 
Po-po-cat'a-petl' 
Port-au-Prince  (port- 

o-prlnss  ;    Fr.  pron. 

poRt-o-priiNss) 
Por'to  Prin'ci-pe 
Porto     Rico     (p5r-to 

ree'ko) 
Portsmouth      ( ports' - 

muth) 
Port'u-gal 
Posen  (po'zen) 
Po-to'mac 
Potosi    fpo-to-see'    or 

po-to'see) 
Poughkeepsie        (po- 

kip'si) 
Prague  (prag) 
Prairie  du  Chien  (pra7- 

ri  du  sheen) 
Pres'burg,   or    Press'- 

burg    ( Ger.      pron. 

press'bdbRG) 
Presque    Isle     (presk 

eel) 
Prip'ets,  (Polish  Pry- 
pec,  prip'ets) 
Provence  (pro'vSuss') 
Prussia  (prush'I-a  or 

proo'shi-a) 
Prjjth      ( Ger.     pron> 

proot) 
Puebla(p  web^a) 
Punjab  (pun-jab'),  or 

Pun-jaub' 
Pyrenees  (pir'e-nez) 


Q. 

Que-bec' 
Quito  (kee'to) 
Quor'ra.    Syn.  Niger. 


B. 

Raab  (r*iib) 

Racine  (ras-seen') 
!  Rahway  (raw'wa) 
I  Raleigh  (raw'H) 
I  Rangoon  (rang-goon') 


Rap'id-an',  or  Rap'id 

Ann 
Rap'pa-han'nock 
Raritan,     or    Rariton 

(rSr'it-un) 
Rat'is-bon    (Ger._  Re- 

gensburg,    Ra/ggns- 

bdbRG') 
Reading  (red'ing) 
Re-ho'both 
Rel'ki-a-vlk 
Reims,"    or      Rheims 

(reemz ;     Fr.  pron. 

raxz) 
Rhine  (rln) 
Rhodes  (rodz) 
Rhone  (r5n) 
Rideau  (re'do') 
Ri'ga  (or  ree'gg) 
Rio  del  Norte  (rl'o  del 

nort ;       Sp.     pron. 

ree'o    del    noR'ta)  ; 

called  also   the  RI'o 

GrSnde  ;  ( Sp.  pron. 

ree'o   gran'da)  and 

Rio     Bravo     (ree'o 

bra'vo) 
Rio    Janeiro  (rl'o  ja- 

nee'ro   or  ree'o   ja- 

na'ro) 
Ro'a-noke' 
Rochelle,   or    La    Ro- 

chelle  (la  Ro'shel') 
Romania    ( ro-m u'ne-a 

or  ro-ma-nee'a) 
Rome(rom)  [lia 

Roo-me'li-a,  or  Rume- 
Roth'gr-hithe       (vul- 
garly, red'rif) 
Rot'ter-dam' 
Rouen    (roo'gn ;     Fr. 

pron.  nvoN) 
Riigen  (ru'^en) 
Russia     (rfish'I-a     or 

roo'shi-a) 


s. 

Saale  (sa'lgh) 
SabiDe  (sa-been') 
Saco  (saw'ko) 
Sag-hal'i-en,   or    Sak- 

halien 
Sag'i-naw 

Saguenay  (sag'eh-na') 
Sahara    (sa-ha/ra     or 

sah'ha-rS) 


Sa'.'gon     (si'gon')     or 

Sai'gong  (si/gong') 
St.  Bernard  (sent  ber'- 

nard) 
Saint   Germain.      See 

Germain,         Saint, 

and   so  for  all  the 

other  names  having 

the  prefix  of  Saint. 
Salado  (sii-la'Do) 
Sal-a-manc'a    (or   sa- 

la-mang'ka) 
Saline  (sa-leen') 
Salisbury  (sawlz'bgr-T) 
Salvador  (sal-va-doR') 
Saltz'burg       (sawlts'- 

burg),   or    Salzburg 

(  Ger.    pron.    salts'- 
•  booRG)  « 

Sam'ar-cand' 
Samoa  (sa-mo'a) 
San  An-to'nI-o 
San    Diego    (san    de- 

a'go) 
Sand'wich   (or   sand'- 

wij) 
San     Fran-cis'co     (or 

san  fran-sees'ko) 
San  Joaquin  (san  110- 

a-keen' ) 
San  Jose  (san  ho-s?!') 
San  Ju'gn  (Sp.  pron. 

san  Hoo-an'  or  hwan) 
San  Salvador  (sim  sal- 

va-doR' ) 
Santa     Cruz     (san'ta 

kroos ;      Sp.    pron. 

san'ta-krooth),      or 

St.  Croix  (sent  kroi) 
Santa  Fe  de  Bogota  (d& 

bo-go-tav) 
Santa    Maria    (san'ta 

ma-ree/a) 
San-' tee' 

Santiago  (san-te-a'go) 
Saone  (son) 
SSr'a-gos'sa  (Sp.  Zafa- 

goza,  tha-ra-go'tha) 
S'ar'a-to'ga 

Sar-din'i-a  [to) 

Sarmiento  (saR-me-en- 
Sas-katch'a-v>::n/ 
Sault  de  Sainte  Mario 
(Fr.  pron.   so   dg'n 

sSn  ma're'),  but  now 
usually  called  Sault 

(soo)  St.  Ma'ry. 
Sava  (sa'va) 


do, -W9lf,  to"b,  tdbk ;  Qrn,  rue,  py.ll ;  q,  g, soft ;  c,  g,  hard  ;  ag  ;  ex^ist ;  q  as  ng ;  this    (see  p.  305). 


{ 


314 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


Sa-van'nah 
Sav'oy  (or  sa-voi') 
Saxe  Altenburg  (saks 

al'ten-burg) 
Saxe  Co'burg 
Saxe     Weimar     (saks 

wl'mar) 
Sax'o-ny 
Scan'dT-na'vY-a 
Scarborough    "(skar'- 

b!ruh  or  skar'bur- 
Scheldt  (skelt)  [rub.) 
Schemnitz  (shem'nits) 
Schenectady         (skg- 

nek'ta-dy ) 
Scbiedatn  (snee'dam') 
Schiraz  (she'raz') 
Schleswig.     See    Sles- 

wick.  [ree) 

Schoharie     (sko-har'- 
Schoodic  (skoo'dik) 
Schuyler  (ski'ler) 
Schuylkill  (skool'kil) 
Schwerin  (shwa-reen') 
Scilly  (sil'll) 
Scinde(sind) 
Scio  (sl/o  or  shee'o) 
Scioto  (sl-o'to) 
Scituate  (sit'u-at) 
Scla-vo'ni-a 
ScoVland 

Scutari  (skoo'ta-ree) 
Secunderabad  (se- 

kdn'dar-ii-bad') 
Seine  (sin) 
Sen'e-ca 

Senegal"  ( sen'e-ga  wl' ) 
Sen'e-gam'bi-a 
Seringapatam        (ser- 

ing'ga-pa-tam') 
SGr'vI-a 
Setubal     (sa-too'bal), 

or  Setuval  (sa-too'- 

val),    or    St.     Ubes 

(ubz) 
Sev'as-to'pgl    (or    se- 

vas'to-pol) ;  few  cor- 
rectly, Sebastopol. 
Sev'grn 

Seville  (sev'il  orse-vil') 
Sevre  (sev'r  or  sav'r) 
Seychelles  (sa'shel') 
Shamo  (shii'mo') 
Shang-IIa'i',  or  Chang- 

Ila   (shang'hl') 
Sheeraz,      or      Shiraz 

( she'raz'  or  shee'raz) 
Sheer-ness' 


Shen'an-do'ah 
Shrewsbury"    (Mass.) 

(shruz'ber-I) 
Shrewsbury  (England) 

(shruz'ber-1  or 

shroz'bgr-i) 
Shrop'shh-e 
Siam  (si-am'  or  se'am') 
Si-be'rl-a 
Sic'I-ly  " 
Sl-en'na  (It.  Siena,  se- 

a'nii)" 
Sl-er'ra    Le-o'ne  ( Sp. 

pron.  se-eR'Rii  la-o'- 

na) 
Sierra  Madre  (se-eR'Rii 

maD'ra) 
Sierra  Morena  (se-eR'- 

Ra  mo-ra'nii) 
Sierra  Nevada  (se-eR'- 

Ra  na-va'Dii) 
Silesia  (si-lee'shi-a) 
Sim'plon    ( Fr.    pron. 

saN'ploN') 
Sinde,  or  Scinde-(sind) 
Singapore       (sing'ga- 

por'),  or  Singapoof 
Sin-o'pe     * 
Sioux    (usually  pron. 

soo ;    Fr.  pron.  se- 

oo') 
Skye  (ski) 
Sla-vo'ni-a,    or    Scla- 

vo'nT-a  " 
Sles'wick  (Ger.  Schles- 
wig, shles'wiG) 
Sluys  (slois) 
Smo-lensk',    or  Smo- 

len'sko 
Smyrna  (smir'na) 
So-co'trii,  or  Soc'otrii 
Solferino    ( sol-fa  -ree'- 

no) 
Somauli  (so-maw'lee) 
Somber-set 
So-no'ra 
Soodan,    Soudan,     or 

Sudan  (soo'dan') 
Sorata  (so-ra'ta) 
Southampton     (suth- 

hamp'tun) 
Spa  (spaw;    Fr.   and 

Flem.  pron.  spa) 
Spitz-berg'en 
Staten  Island  (stat'tn 

T'land)  [tun) 

Staunton  (Va.)(st3n'- 
Staunton  (Eng.) 


(stan'tun  or   stan'- 

tun) 
Stettiu  (stet-teen') 
Steubeu    (stu'beu    or 

stu-ben') 
Stock'holm 
Ston'ing-ton 
Stralsund  (stral'- 

soond) 
Strasbourg        (straz'- 

burg) 
Strasburg  (Germany) 

stras'bobRG) 
Stutt'gart,     or     Stut- 

gard     ( Ger.     pron. 

stcTot'gaRt) 
Styria  (stir'i-a) 
Suabia,      or  "  Swabia 

(swa'bl-a) 
Suez    (soo"'ez ;     Arab. 

pron.  soo-ez'  or  soo- 

az') 
Suffolk  (suf  fQk) 
Suir  (shijr) 
Sumatra  (soo-ma'tra) 
Sun'da 

Surat  (soo-raf) 
Surinam  (soo-ri-nam') 
Sus'que-han'na 
Sutledge  (sut'lej) 
Swe'den 

Switz'er-land  (s wits'-) 
Syr'a-cuse 
Syr'f-a 
Szegedin      (seg'ed'en' 

or  seg'ed'in') 


T. 

Ta-co'ny 

Taf  T-let',  or  Taf'i-lelt' 

Ta'gus 

Tahiti  (ta-hee'te) 

Tah'le-quah 

Tal'la-poo'sa ' 

Tampico  (tam-pee'koj 

Tananarivoo      (ta-nii- 

nii-re-voo') 
Tangier  (tan-jeer') 
Taos     (ta'os,     almost 

towss) 
Tas-ma'nI-a 
Taunton     "       (Eng.) 

( tawn'ton ) 
Taunton  (Mass. )  ( tan'- 

ton) 
Tchad  (chad) 


Tehran,  .  or    Teheran 

(teh-h'ran') 
Tehuantepec  (ta-wan- 

tii-pek') 
Teignmouth  (tin'- 

muth  or  tan'muth) 
Temesvir      (tem-esli- 

vRr') 
Teneriffe       (ten'er-iP) 

(Sp.  Tenerife,  ta-na- 

ree'fa) 
Ten'nes-see' 
Ter'ra  del  Fu-e'go,  or 

Tierra  del  Fuego  ( te- 

eR'Ra  del  fwa'go) 
Terre-Bonne        ( teR'- 

bon' ;     often    pron. 

tar-bon) 
Terre-Haute  (ter'rch- 

hot ;  Fr.  pron.  tert'- 

hot'  or  ter-reh-hot) 
Teviot  (tiv'e-ot) 
Thames  (temz) 
Thebes  (theebz) 
Theiss  (tis) 
Thes'sa-ly,    or    Thes- 

sii'li-a 
Thibet  "or  Tibet  (tib'- 

et  or  ti-bet') 
Ti'bgr 

Ti-con'der-o'ga 
Tiflis  (tif-lees')" 
Ti'gris 

Tim-buc'too  [ri) 

Tipperary   (tip-per-5.'- 
Titicaca  (tit-okii'ka) 
Tivoli  (tiv'o-le  or  tec'- 

vo-lee) 
Tobago  (to-ba'go) 
To-bolsk' 
To-kay' 
To-le'do     ( Sp.    pron. 

to-la'Do) 
Tom-big'bee 
Tonkin,    or   Tonquin 

(ton-keen') 
Toorkistan ,  or  Turkis- 

tan  (tooR'kis-tiin') 
To-pe'ka 
Tb'plitz.  Toeplitz  (tdp'- 

lits),'     or       Teplitz 

(tep'lits) 
Tor-bay' 
To-ron'to 

Tortuga  (tor-too'ga) 
Toulon  (too'loN')  " 
Toulouse,    or     Thou- 

louse  (too'looz') 


a, e,  &c,  long;  &,  e,  &c,  short ;  care,  far,  ask,  gll,  what ;  ere,  veil,  term  j  pique,  firm  ;  son,  or, 


MODERN  GEOGRAPHICAL  NAMES. 


311 


Touraine  (too'ran') 

Tournay  (tooR'nu/) 

Tours (fcooR) 

Towcester  (tows'ter) 

Trafal-gar',  or  Tra- 
falgar 

Tran'syl-va'nl-a 

Treb'I-zond' 

Trichinopoli,  or  Trieh- 
inopoly  (tritch'in- 
op'o-le) 

Triest,  or  Trieste  (tre- 
es*/ or  tre-es'tu) 

Trin  com  alee  (trink'o- 
ma-lee') 

Trin'T-dad' 

Trip'o-1! 

Trois  Rivieres  (trwii 
re've-eR') 

Trujillo  (troo-Heel'yo) 

Tubingen  (tii'bing-gn) 

Tur'co-ma'ni-a 

Tu'nis 

Tu'rin  (or  tu-rin') 

Tur'key 

Tus'ca-loo'sa 

Tus'ca-ny 

Tus'ca-ro'ra         [rol') 

Tyr'ol  (  Ger.  pron.  te- 


Ubes,  Saint.     See  Se- 

tubal. 
Ucayale     (oo-ki-a/la), 

or  Ucayali  (oo-kl-a'- 

lee) 
Ukraine  (yoo'kran  or 

oo-kran')       [6t)lm) 
Ulm       ( Ger.       pron. 
Ulster  (Ireland)  (Ul- 
ster) 
Um-ba'gog 
Upernavik      (oo-peR'- 

na-vik) 
Up'sal,  or  Upsala  (up- 

sa'la)  [ral') 

U'ral,   or    Oural    (oo- 
Uri"    (yoo'rl)      (Ger. 

pron.  oo're) 
Uruguay    (u'roo-gwa/ 

or  oo-roo-gwl') 
Ushant  (ush'ant) 
U'ti-ca 


Utah      (yoo'ta,      less 

properly  yoo'taw) 
Utrecht  (u'rrekt) 
Uttoxeter  (Sks'e-tgr 


V. 

Valencia  (va-len'shi-a ; 

Sp.    pron.    vii-len'- 

the-ii) 
Val'la-do-lid'        ( Sp. 

pron.         val-ya-Do- 

leeD')  [so) 

Valparaiso  (val-pa-ri'- 
Vancouver  (van-koo/- 

vgr) 
Van    Diemen's     (van 

dee'mgnz) 
Vaud   (vo),   or    Pays- 

de-Vaud  (pa'e-dgh- 

vo') 
Vendee  La    (la  von'- 

Vendome  (voN'dom') 
Venezuela  (ven'g- 

zwee'la ) 
Venetia  (ve-ne'shl-a) 
Venice  (ven'iss) 
Vera       Cruz      (va'ra 

kroos) 
Vergennes  (ver-jenz7) 
Vgr-monf 
Verona  (va-rg/na) 
Versailles     (vgr-salz' ; 

Fr.  pron.  veVsal'  or 

veR-say'/) 
Ve-sjj'vi-us 
Vienna  (ve-en'na) 
Villa  ( in  Sp.  veel'ya  ; 

in   Port,   veel'la  or 

vil'la) 
Villa  Rica  (Sp.  Amer- 
ica) (veel'ya  ree'ka) 
Villa      Rica      (Brazil) 

(vil'la,    or     veel'la, 

ree'ka) 
Vincennes  (vin'senz' ; 

Fr.  pron.  vax'sen') 
Virginia  (vcr-jin'i-a) 
Vistula  (vist'yu-laf 
Vitebsk  (ve-tebsk^),  or 

Vitepsk 
Vol'ga,  or  Wolga 
Vosges (vozh) 


w. 

Wabash  (waw'bash) 
Waday  (wa/dl) 
Wagram  (wa'gram  or 

wa'gram) 
Waldoborough(wawl/- 

do-bur'r&h) 
Wales  [a) 

Wallachia    (wol-la'kl- 
VValthani(Eng.)(wol/- 

tam) 
Waltham  (Mass.) 

(wol'tham) 
Warasdin        (wa/ras- 

deen') 
War'saw 
Warwick  (Eng.^wor'- 

rik) 
Warwick (U.  S.)(wor'- 

wik  or  wor'rik) 
Washita  (wosb/I-taw') 
Wa'ter-ee' 
WjVter-loo' 
Weimar  (wi'mar) 
Wener    (wa'ner),     or 

Wenner  (wen'ngr) 
We'ggr     ( Ger.    pron. 

wa'zgr) 
West  Indies  (in'dez) 
West-pha'li-a 
Weymouth  (wa'niuth) 
Wil'na,  or  Vilna 
Windsor  (win'zgr) 
Win'ne-ba'go 
Win'ni-peg 
Winnipiseogee     (win'- 

ne'pis-sok'kl) 
Wis-c&s'set 
Wis-con'sin 
Wit'ten-berg       ( Ger. 

pron.  wit'tgn-beRw') 
Woburn  (woo'burn) 
Wolverhampton 

( wool'  vgr-hamp'- 

tun) 
Woolwich     (wcibl'itch 

or  wdbl'ij ) 
Worcester  (wdbs'tgr) 
Worms  (wurmz;  Ger. 

pron  woRms) 
Wurtemberg      (wur'- 

tgm-berg ;  Ger. 

pron.         wuR'tem- 

beRGO 


Wy'an-dot' 
Wy-o'ming 

Wythe  (with,  th  being 
sounded  as  in  thin) 


Xenia  (zee'ni-a) 
Xenil  (Ha-neeP) 
Xingu,      or     Chingu 
(shen-goo') 


Yakootsk  (ya-kootsk'); 

ivrilten      also     Ya- 

koutsk.  ^ 

Yang'tse-kiang1 

(yang'-tse-ke-ang') 
Ya-zoo' 
Yeddo,  or  Jeddo  (yed/- 

do) 
Yekatarinoslav      (ya- 

ka-tii-ree-no-slav' ) 
Yem'en 
Yenisei  (yen'e-sa/e  or 

yen-e-sa') 
Yesso,  or  Jesso  (yes^- 

so). 
Yo-sem'i-te. 
Ypres  (eep'r) 
Yij'ca-tan'    (or    yoo7- 

ka-tan') 
Yvetot(eVto') 


Z. 

Zacatecas     (ziik-a-ta/- 

kas  or  sa-ka-ta'kas) 
Zaire,    or   Zahir    ( za- 

eer>)  [zg) 

Zam-beze'  (or  zam-ba'- 
Zanguebar     (zang'ga- 

bar') 
Zan'te 
Zan'zi-bar' 

Zollverein(  tsol'fer-In' ) 
Zurich  (zu'rik;     Ger. 

pron.  ts'ii'riK) 
Zuyder,  or  Zuider,  Zee 

(zi'der  zee  or  zoo7 

der-zee) 


do,  wglf,  to"o,  to"ok ;  Qrn,  rue,  pi.ill  ;<:,§,  soft ;  -e,  g,  hard ;  a<  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this  (see  p.  S05). 


MODERN   BIOGRAPHICAL   NAMES. 


A. 

Abd-el-Kader     (abd- 

gl-ka/dgr) 
.Xb'g-lard" 
Abercroraby      (Sb'er- 

kriJm'bY)  [thi 

Abernethy   (ab'gr-ne- 
Abinger  (Xb'in-jgr) 
Abu-Bekr,   or  Abou- 

Bekr  (a'boo-bekr') 
Adair  (a-dar7) 
Adansori  (a'doN'soN') 
Adelung  (a'deh-ldbng) 
Agassiz     (ag'a-see    or 

a-gas'siz ;  Fr.  pron. 

a'gas'se') 
Ahmed  (au'mgd),  or 

Achmet^aK/mgt) 
Ainsworth(anz/ worth) 
Akenside  (a/kgn-sld) 
Aladdin       (a-l&d'din) 
Alaric  (al'a-rik)  (Lat. 

A-lar'i-cus) 
Alboni  (al-bo'nee) 
Albuquerque     (itl'bu- 

kerk ;     Port.   pron. 

al-boo-keRk7   or   al- 

boo-keR'ka) 
Alcuin  (Sl'kwin) 
Aldrich  (awPdritch  or 

awl-drtj) 
Alembert  (a'loN'bgR'), 

or  d'Alembert  (dii7- 

loN'beR') 
Alfieri  (al-fe-a'ree) 
Alford  (awPfpni) 
Ali  (a'lee) 
Alighieri     (a-le-ge-a7- 

ree) 
Alison  (SPI-son) 
Alloton  (awPstQn) 
Almack  (al'mak) 
Almeida     (al-ma/e-da 

or  al-ma'da) 
Alsop  (awl'sgp) 
Alston  (awl'styn) 
Alton  (Eng.Hawl'tQn) 
Alvarez    (Sp.)    (al'va- 

reth) 
Am'a-de'us.  Syn. 

Amadeo. 


Amerigo  (a-ma-ree'go 

or  a-mer'e-go).    See 

Vespucci. 
Amiot,  or  Amyot  (a/- 

me-o') 
Ampere  (SN'peR') 
Am'u-rath 
Andre  (Eng.)  (an'drS 

or  an'drl) 
Angelo  (an'ja-lo) 
Angouleme    (oN'goo'- 

16m'  or  oN'goo'lam') 
An'stru-thgr  (popular- 
ly an'stgr) 
AVa-go     { Fr.      pron. 

a'ra'go') 
Aram  (a'ram) 
Ar'buth-not 
Ariosto  (ar'i-os'to    or 

a-re-os'to) 
Armini  us  (ar-min/i-us ) 
Arnaud  (aR'no') 
Arnauld  (aR'no') 
Arteveld  (aR-ta-velf), 

or  Artevelde"(aR-ta- 

vel'deh) 
AVun-del 
Ascham  (Hs/kam) 
Ashburnham"    (Sfth'- 
w  burn -am) 
Ash'bur'ton,  or  Ash'- 

bur'ton 
Atahualpa  (a-ta- 

hwal'pa) 
Ath'gl-stan 
Aubigne  (o'ben'ya') 
Aubrey    (Eng.)   (aw'- 

bri) 
Au'du-bon  (Fr.  pron. 

o'dii'boN') 
Augustine  (Saint) 

(sent  aw'gus-tln) 
Aurungzebe    (o'rung- 

zab'     or     aw'rSng- 

zeeb') 
Avurroes    (a-ver'ro-C'S 

or  av-er-ro'es) 
Avicenna     (av'c-sBn'- 

na) 
Ayeshah  (a'g-sha) 
Ay  ton,    Aytoun"   (§'- 

tun) 


Baba,  Ali  (a'lee  ba/ba) 
Bach  (baK) 
Bache  (batch) 
Baillie(ba'lee) 
Bailly   (Fr.)  (ba'le  or 

ba'ye') 
Bajazet  (baj'a-zet) 
Balboa  (bal-bo'a) 
Balfour    (biil'fur;    in 
!      Scot,  bal-fobr') 
!  Ballou  (bai-loo') 
|  Balzac  (bai'zak') 
Barbarossa      (bar'ba- 

ros'sa ) 
Barbauld  (Eng.)  (bar'- 

bawld  or  bar-bo') 
Barbour  (bar'bur) 
Barere  (ba'reR') 
Baretti  (ba-ret'tee) 
Barham  (bar'am) 
Baring    (Eng.)    (bal- 
ing) 
Barras  (ba'ra') 
Barrere  (ba'reR'). 

See  Barere. 
Barth  (baut) 
Barthelemy  (baR'taP- 

me'   or    baR'tti'igh- 

me') 
Bath'Hret 
Bauer  (.bow'gr) 
Baumgarten    (bowm'- 

gaR-tcn ) 
Bayard  (ba'ard  or  hV- 

ard  ;  Fr.  pron.  ba7- 

yfiR') 
Beatrice    (be'a-treess ; 

It.  pron.  ba-a-tree'- 

cha) 
Beattie  (bee'ti ;  Scotch 

pron.  b;VtY) 
Beaucbamp        (Eng.) 

(bee'cham) 
Beauchamp  (Fr.)(bo/- 

shoN') 
Beauclerc  (bd'klerk) 
Beaufort  (Eng.)  (bo'- 

fg>rt) 
Beaufort    (Fr.)    (bo'- 

foR') 


Beauharnais    (bo'aR' 

na') 
Beaumarchais       (b5'- 

maR'sha') 
Beaumont  ( Eng. )  (bo'- 

mont) 
Beauregard         (Am.) 

(bo'rgh-gard') 
Bed'does. 
Bede (bccd) 
Bedell     (Amer.)    (be- 

dfil') 
Bedell  (Eng.)  (bee'del 

or  be-del') 
BeethoTen  (bi'to-vpn) 
Behn  (ben) 
Eehring        (beeping; 

Banish   pron.    ba- 
ring) 
Belknap  (bel'nap) 
Bellamy  (Eng..)    (btl/- 

la-mi) 
Eel'len-dgn 
Bellini  (bel-lee'nee) 
Bel'shgm 

Eelzoni  (bel-zo'nee) 
Bcn'bow 
Bentham  (ben' tarn  or 

ben'tham) 
Bentivoglio      (ben-te- 

vol'yo) 
Benveouti       (ben-va- 

noo'tee) 
Beranger  (ba'roN'zha') 
Berkeley       (formirly 

bark'iy) 
Bernadotte      (ber-na- 

dot'  or  beR'na'dot'') 
Ber'ngrd    (Fr.   pron. 

beWh&B') 
Berzelius     (ber-zee'll- 

us:   Siv.  pron.  beR- 

zTT'le-us) 
Beth/am 

Bethune  (bgh-thoon' 
Bewick  (bu'lk) 
Bc'za 
Billa'ud-Varennes  (be'- 

yo'-va'renn') 
Biot  (be'o'  or  be'ot'; 
Bligh  (bll) 
Blomfield  (blttm'feeld) 


B.,e,&c.,long;  a,e,  &,?■., short;  care,  far,  ask,  all,  what;  ere, veil, term;  pique,  firm;  son,6r, 
(316) 


MODERN   BIOGRAPHICAL   NAMES. 


317 


Blount  (blunt) 
Blucher       (bloo'kgr ; 

Ger.  pron.  blu'Kgr) 
Blumenbach      (bloo'- 

mgn-baK)  [ya) 

Bobadilla  ( bo-Ba-Deel'- 
Boccaccio     (bok-kaf- 

cbo)  (in  French  and 

old  English,  Boccace, 

bok'kiiss') 
Bockh  (bbk) 
Bode  (bo'deh) 
Boerhaave    (bor'hav  ; 

Dutch  pron.  booR'- 

ha'vgh) 
Bbhme    (bo'nigh),.  or 

Bbhin  (bbm) 
Boileau   (boi'lo  ;     Fr. 

pron.  bwa'13') 
Bojardo,    or    Boiardo 

(bo-yiiR'do) 
Boleyu  (bobl'in) 
Bolingbroke    (hol'ing- 

bro"bk,         formerly 

bdbl'ing-brifok). 
Bolivar      (bo-lee'van ; 

erroneous!//       pron. 

bol'I-var') 
Bonaparte         (bo'na- 

piirt ;    It.  pron.  bo- 

na-paR'ta.) 
Bonheur  (bo'ntjR') 
Borghese  (boR-gi'za) 
Borgia  (bor'ja  or  boR'- 

ja) 
Bos-caw'en,    or   Bos'- 

ca-wen 
Bossuet  (bos's'j-a',  al- 
most bos'swa') 
Bossu  (bo'sa') 
Bossut  (bo'sii') 
BoVwell 

Both'well  [ris. 

Botzaris.      See  Bozza- 
Boueher  (Eng. )  (bow'- 

cher) 
Boucher    (Fr.)    (boo'- 

sha') 
Boudinot  (boo'de-not) 
Bougainville       (boo'- 

gaN'vel') 
Bourbou   (boor'bQn) ; 

Fr.  pron.  booR'boN') 
Bourdaloue  ( booR'da'- 

loo') 
Bourdon  (booR'doN') 
Bourne  (born)       [en') 
Bourrienne      (boo're- 


|  Bouterwek     (boo'tgr- 
i      w6k) 

[  Bouvier    (Am.)    (boo- 
j      veer') 

•  Bowditch  (bou'ditch) 
|  Bowdoin  (bo'dn) 
J  Bowles  (bolz) 
j  Bovvring  (bour'ing) 
j  Boy 'dell 
Boyer  (bwa'ya') 
Bozzaris,    or   Botzaris 
( bot'sa-ris  ;  popular- 
ly called  bgz-zar'is) 
Brahc    (bra    or    bra; 
Danish,  pron.  bra'- 
eh) 
Bra'mah 

Bramante       d'Urbino 
(brii-inan'ta     dooa- 
bee'no) 
Brandt (brant) 
Bremer       (bree'mpr  ; 
Sw.  pron.  bra'mgr) 
Brissot  (bre'so') 
Brockhaus        (brok'- 

howss) 
Broderip.  (brod'rip) 
Brodie  (bro'di) 
Broeck  ( brdbk ) 
Brome  (brJbm) 
Brom'ley  (brilm'li) 
Bronte  (bron'te) 
Brough  (bruf) 
Brougham     (broo'am 

or  broo'm) 
Broughton  (brow'tfjn) 
Bru-nel' 
Brunelleschi        (broo- 

nei-lgs'kee) 
Brunet  (bru'na') 
Buchanan      (bUk-an'- 
an ;     often    mispro- 
nounced bu-kan'an) 
Buffon     (buf'fon    "or 

buf'foN') 
Bulwer  (bdbl'wgr) 
j  Bunsen  (bdbn'son) 
|  Buonarotti  (boo-o'na- 
I      rot'tee) 
j  Burckhardt      (bdrk'- 

hart ;    Ger.  pron. 
!      bdbRk'hart) 
!  Bur-dett' 
j  Biirger  (b'dR'gor) 
Burgoyne  (bur-goin') 
i  Burleigh  (bfir'lT). 
,  Bussy  d'Amboise 

I      (bu'se'doN'bwaz') 


G. 

Cab'ot 

Ca-do'gan 

Cad-waf'la-dgr 

Cagliari  (kal'ya-ree) 

Cagliostro      (kal-yos'- 

Cairns  (karnz)      [tro) 

Caius  (keez) 

Cal'a-my 

Calderon  (kjil-da-ron') 

Calhoun  (kal-hoon') 

Call'cytt 

CSl'met     (Fr.     pron. 

kal'ma') 
Calvert  (Eng.)    (kaF- 

vert)  [vgrt) 

Calvert  (Amer.)(kol'- 
Cambaceres  (koN'ba'- 

sa/res') 
Cam'gr-on         [o-ens) 
Ca-mo'ens  (or   kam'- 
Campbell  (kam'el) 
t5T='  Some  "fami- 
lies of  this  name  call 

themselves  kam'bgl. 
Canova  (ka-no'vii) 
Canrobert       (koN'ro'- 

beR') 
Cantemir ,  or  Kantemir 

(kan'tgh-meer       or 

kan'te-meer') 
Canute  (ka-nuf) 
Ca'pet  ( Fr.  pron.  ka'- 

pa')  roo') 

Carew    (generally  ka- 
Carlisle  (kar-lll') 
Carlyle  (kar'lll  or  kar- 

111') 
Carmichael    (kar-mf- 

kel  or  kar'ml-kgl) 
Carteret  (kar'tgr-et) 
Casimir  (kas'e-meer) 
Castlereagh      (kas'sl- 
Cav'gn-dish  [ra') 

Cecif(ses'il  or  sis'il) 
Cellini  (chel-lee'nee) 
Cenci(chen'chee) 
Cervantes       Saavedra 

(ser-van'tez  sa-ved'- 

ra) 
Chalmers  (chal'mgrz; 

Scot.   pron.    chaw'- 

morz) 
Chamisso  (sha'me'so') 
Champollion     (sham- 

pol'le-on,  or  shoN'- 

pol'le-oN') 


Charlemagne  (shar'le- 

rnan'  ;     Fr.     pron. 

shaRl'maii') 
Chateaubriand    (sha'- 

to'bre'oN') 
Chatham  (chat'am) 
Chauncey         (chan'sl 

or  chawn'sT) 
Cherubini        (ka-roo- 

bee'nee) 
Ches/gl-dgn 
Cheync  (chan  or  chin) 
Chlldebert       (chil'de- 
ChlT'dgr-ic  [bgrt 

Chil'pgr-ic 
Chisholm  (chiz'gm) 
Cinq      Mars      (saNk' 

maRs') 
Claverhouse   (klav'gr- 

tts  or  klav'grs) 
Clotaire  (klo'teR') 
Clough  (kluf) 
,  Clo'vis 

1  Cochrane  (kok'ran) 
;  Cockburn  (ko'burn) 
;  Coeur  de  Lion  (kur  de 
j      ""'on) 
Coke (kdbk  or  kok) 
Colbert  (kol'beR') 
Col'by 
■  Co-len'so 
!  Coleridge  (kol'ry) 
I  Col'man 
Col'tgn 
Combe  (koom) 
Comstock  (kQm'stok) 
Conde    (kon'da  ;    Fr. 

pron.  koN'da') 
Confucius  (kon-lu'shi- 

iis) 
Congreve  (kong'grev) 
Copernicus     (ko-per'- 

nl-kus) 
Corday  (kor'da') 
Corneille(kor'naK:  Fr. 

pron.     koR'nal'    or 

koR'nay")  [lif) 

Cornwallis  (korn-wol'- 
Correggio  (kor-red'jo ) 
Cor'tgz    (Sp.    Cortes, 

koR-tes') 
Cousin  (koo'z%i\') 
Cowper    (kow'por    or 
CrSd'Qck        [koo'per) 
Crash'aw 
Crichton  (krl'tyn) 
Cromwell     (kram'wel 

or  krom'wel) 


do,  wQlf,  to"o,  tdbk ;  flrn,  rjje,  pull  j  c,g,5q/i!;  «,  g,hard, :  as. ;  exist   jjasngjthis   (seep.305). 


318 


MODERN   BIOGRAPHICAL   NAMES. 


Cunard  (ku-nard') 
Cuvier     (ku've-a' 
ku've-gr) 


D. 

Dagobert    (dSg'o-bSrt 

or  da'go'beR') 
Daguerre  (da'geR') 
Dalhousie  (dal-hoo'zi) 
Dalton  (dawl'tgn) 
Dalzell  (da-el') 
Damiens  (da'me-aN') ; 

Anglicized     Di'mi- 

gn§. 
Dam  pier  (dam' peer) 
Dante      (dan'te ;     It. 

pron.  diin'ta) 
Danton    (dan'tgn    or 

doN'toN') 
D'Arblay  (dar'bla) 
Daubigne  (do'ben'ya') 
DaVgn-ant 
Dav'gn-port         [dol') 
De  Candolle  (dgh  kox'- 
De-ca'tur  [bi) 

Derby  (der'bi  or  dar'- 
Derzhavin    (deR-zha'- 

vin) 
Descartes  (da'kaRf) 
Devereux  (deVer-oo) 
Dewees  (dg-weez') 
D'Ewes  (duz) 
Diderot     (ded'ro'     or 

de'deh-ro') 
Didot  (de'do') 
Disraeli  (diz-rl'gl-ee) 
Domenichino  (do-ma- 

ne-kee'no) 
Donizetti    (don'e-zef- 

tee  or  do-nid-zet'tee) 
Don'o-van 
Ducange      (du-k3nj' ; 

French    pron.     dii'- 

koNzh') 
Duchesne  (d'u'shan') 
Duclos  (dii'klo') 
Dudevant        (d'u'dgh- 

von'  or  d'ud'vox') 
Dumas  (du'ma') 
Dumont  (dii'moN') 
Dun-bar' 

Duncan  (dunk'an) 
Dundas  (dan-doss') 
Dupont     (Am.)    (du- 

p3nf)  [rand') 

Durard     (Am.)     (du- 


Diirer  (du'rgr  or  du'- 

rgr) 
Duyckinck  (di'kink) 
Dyche  (dlch  or  dftch) 


E. 

Echard  (Eng.)  (gtcb/- 

ard) 
Egerton  (ej'gr-tgn) 
Elgin  (el'gin) 
Ellesmere  (elz'meer) 
Elmes  (elmz) 
Elphinstone       (el'fin- 

ston) 
Elzevir  (el'zgh-vjr) 
Encke  (enk'gh) 
Enghien  (oN'ge-3i»') 
Epes(eps) 

Erasmus  (e-raz'mus) 
Eric  (er'ik) 
Ericsson  (er'ik-sfjn) 
Erskine  (ers'kin) 
Este  (es'te  or  es'ta) 
Ester  hazy,  or  Eszter- 
,  hazy  (es'tgr-ha'ze) 
Etienne  (a'te-enn') 
Ewart  (yoo'art) 
Ewing  (yoo'ing) 
Eyre  (ar) 


F. 

Fabyan ,     or     Fabian 

(t'a'bi-an)  [hit) 

Fahrenheit      (far'gn- 
Falconer  (fawk'ngr  or 

faw'ken-er) 
Falkland  (fawk'land) 
Faneuil  (i'ttn'il) 
Faraday  (fSr'a-da) 
Farnese  (far-neez' ;  It. 

pron.  far-na'sa) 
Farquhar  (far'k war  or 

far'kar) 
Fatima    ( fa'te-ma    or 

fat'e-ma) 
Faust  (fowst  or  fawst) 
Fenelon    (fen'eh-lgn  ; 

Fr.  pron.  fan'loN'  or 

fa'neh-loN') 
Fichte"(fiK'tgh) 
Fingal     ( fing'gal     or 

fing-gawl') 
Firdousi,   or  Firdausi 

( fir-do  w'see) 


Fontaine      ( f on-tan' ; 

Fr.  pron.  foN'ten') 
Fontenelle      (i'6n-tgh- 

nel' ;      Fr.      pron. 

ioNt'nel') 
Forbes  (Eng.)  (forbz) 
Forbes  (Scot.  )(tor'bgz) 
Fordyce  (for-dls') 
Forsyth  (fg-r-sith') 
Fortescue  (lor'tgs-ku) 
Fosbroke  (fos'brdbk) 
Fothergill  (foth'er-gil) 
Fouche  (foo'sha') 
Foulis  (fovv'lis;    Scot. 

pron.  fowlz) 
Foulques  (fobk) 
Fouque  (foo'ka')-    See 

La  Motte-Fouque. 
Fourcroy  (fooR'krwii') 
Fourier  (foo're-gr ;  Fr. 

pron.  foo're-ft') 
Francia  (South  Am.) 

(fran'sc-a) 
Frelinghuysen    (free'- 

ling-hl'zgn) 
Fremont,  or  Fremont 

(Am.)(fre-m5nf) 
Frob'ish-er 
Froissart    (frois'sarf ; 

Fr.  pron.  frwa'saR'j 
Froude  (frood) 
Fulton  (fdbl'ton) 
Fuseli  (fu'sg-11) 


G. 

Gainsborough  (gang'- 
b'rg)  [nee) 

Galignani  (ga-len-ya/- 

Galileo(gal'i-lee'o;  It. 
pron.  ga-le-la'o) 

Gal'la-tin 

Gal'lau-det' 

Gait  (gawlt) 

Galvani  (gal-ya'nee) 

Garcilasso  (or  Garci- 
laso)  de  la  "Vega 
(gaR-the-las'so,  or 
gar-se-las'so,  da  lii 
va'gii) 

Gardiner  (gard'ngr) 

Garibaldi  (gar-T-bal'- 
di  or  ga-re-bal'dee) 

Gascoygne,  or  Gas- 
coigne  (gas-koin') 

Gay-Lussac    (ga'l'us'- 

Gell  (jel)  [sak') 


Genet     (jgh-nef      or 

zh'na) 
Gengis  Khan,  or  Jen- 

gis  Khan   (jeng'gis 

kan  or  kan) 
Genlis  (zhoN'le') 
Genseric  (jen'ser-ik) 
Geofiroy   (Eng.)  (jeT- 

frl) 
Gerard  (Eng. )  (jSr'ard) 
Gerry  (uer'r!) 
Gcssler  (gess'lgr) 
Gib'bon 
Gibbs 
Gib'son 
Gilford   (gif'fgrd  and 

jif'ford)  [bgrt) 

Gilbert    (Eng.)    (gil'- 
Gilchrist  (gil'krlst) 
Gil-fll'lan 
Gillespie~(gil-leVpI) 
Gil'man 
Gil'mgre 
Gil'pin 

Giotto  (jSt'to) 
Girard  ( Am.)  (jg-rard') 
Uiybg-rne 
Glauber  (glaw'bgr  or 

glou'ber) 
Gleig  (gleg) 
Glendower  (glen'dou- 
Glover  (glHv'gr)     [gr) 
Go-dol'phin 
Goethe.     See  Gbthe. 
Goldoni  (gol-do'nee) 
Gonzalo  (gon-tha'lo). 
Gortchakov,  or  Gorts- 

chakow       (gor'cha- 

kof)  [tgh) 

Gbthe,  or  Goethe  (gb'- 
Gough  (gof) 
Gould  (goold)       [gor) 
Gower     (gow'er     and 
Graeme  (gram) 
Granger  (Eng.)  (grin'- 
Greaves  (greevz)    [jer) 
Greenough  (green'o) 
Gresh'am 

Grisi  (gree'see)  [or) 
Grosvenor  (gro'vgn- 
Grotius  (gro'shi-us) 
Grouchy  (groo'she') 
Guelph  (gwelf)  [no) 
Guercino  (gweR-chee'- 
Guicciardini       (gwet- 

chaR-dee'nee) 
Guido  Reni   (gwee'do 

ra'nee) 


a,  e,  &c, long;  a,e,&c, short;  care,  far,  ask,  all,  what;  ere,  v<;il,  term;  pique,  firm ;  s6n,or, 


MODERN   BIOGRAPHICAL   NAMES. 


319 


Guise  (gwez) 

Guizot     (gwe'zo'      or 

gVzo') 
Giinther  (gun'tgr) 
Gutenberg     (goo'tgn- 

bgRG7     or    goo'tgn- 

b6RG) 

Guthrie  (guth'rl)  [on') 
Guyon  (gPon  or  ge'- 
Guyot  (ge'o') 


H. 


Hafiz  (ha'fiz) 
Hahnemann  (ha/ngh- 

miin) 
Ilak'lnyt :        written 

also  Haekluyt. 
IIa-16'ran 
Han'deT (Ger.  Handel, 

hen'tlgl)  [kurt) 

Harcourt  (Eng.  )(har'- 
Hardicanutc    (har'de- 

ka-nut') 
Hardinge  (handing) 
Haroun  -  al  -  Ilaschid 

(ha-roon'al-rash'id) 
Hauy  (hiPwe') 
Havelock  (hav'gh-lok) 
Haydn  (ha'dn  ;    Ger. 

pron.  hPdn) 
Haynau  (hi'now) 
Hearne  (hern) 
Hegel  (ha/gel) 
Heine  (hPngh)   [man) 
Heintzelman  (hint'sgl- 
Helvetius  (hel-vee'shi- 
HenPans;  [us) 

Hengist  (heng'glst) 
Herder     (hgr'dgr     or 

heVdgr) 
Herrcra(eR-Ra'ra) 
Herschel  (hcr'shgl) 
Hewcs  (huz) 
Heylin  (hiPlin) 
Heyne  (hPngh) 
Hey  so  (hPzgh) 
Ileywood  (hiPwdbd) 
Hogarth  (ho/garth) 
Holbein  (hoPbin) 
Ilolinshed,  or  Hollyn- 

shed  (hol'inz-hed) 
Holmes  (homz) 
Houdon  (oo'dox') 
Houghton  (ho'tQn) 
Houston       (popularly 

pronounced  hQ'stgn ) 


Hovey  (hiiv'i) 
Huger  ( Am. )  ( u-jee') 
Hughes  (huz) 
Humboldt  (hdnPbolt ; 

Ger.  pron.  hobnP- 
Hus'kis-sgn  [bolt) 
Huss,  or  Hus  (huss  ; 

Ger.  pron.  hdbss) 
Huyghens  (hPggnz  or 

hoPgenz) 
Hyder  Ali  (hPdgr  &'- 

lee) 

I. 

Inchbald  (Inch'bald) 
Inez  (ee'nfiz) 
In/ge-15w 
Ireton  (Ir'tg-n) 
Iriarte       (e-re-aR'ta.) 
Syn.  Yriarte.     [da) 
Iturbide      (e-tooR'be- 
Ivan  (Russ.)  (e-van') 


J. 

Jacobi  (ya-ko'bee) 
Jamieson     (janPe-sgn 

or  ja'mT-son) 
Jean  Paul  (zhoN  powl 

or  jeen  pawl) 
Jellachich  (yePla-KiE) 
Joan  of  Arc  (Fr.  Je- 
anne d'Arc,  zhan 
daRk')  [zhw&N'vel') 
Joinville  (join'vil  or 
JouEfroy  (zhooPfrwa') 
Juarez    (Hoo-a/res  ot 

Hwa'reth) 
Junot  (zhiPno') 


Kant  (kSnt  or  kant) 
Kantemir         (kan'tg- 

meer) 
Kavanagh    (kav'a-na/ 

or  kav'a-nau') 
Kearney  (kar'ni) 
Keble  (kfib'l) 
Keightly  (kit'lee) 
Kneller  (nePlgr  ;  Ger. 

pron.  kngPlgr) 
Knolles  (nolz) ;    writ- 
ten    also     Knollys 
(nolz) 


Knowles  (nolz) 
Korner,    or    Koerner 

(kbR'ngr)  [ko) I 

Kosciusko  (kos-si-QV-  j 
Kossuth  (kos  IP  shoot')  | 
Kotzebue        (kot'sgh- 

bu  ;  Ger.  pron. kot'-  \ 

sgh-boo) 
Krummacher(krc5bnP- 

maK-gr) 


L. 

Lacroix  (la/krwa') 
Ladislas     (lad'is-las) ; 

written  also  LacPis- 

la'us. 
La  Fayette,  or  Lafay- 
ette (la'1'a-et') 
Laffitte  (laPi'if  or  liP- 

fct') 
La  Fontaine  (la  frm'- 

tan' ;  Fr.  pron.  Y&'- 

foN'ten') 
Laing  (lang)        [ten')  j 
Lamartine      (la/maR/- 
Lamballe  (loiPbaP) 
La  Motte-Fouque  (la 

mot-foo'ka') 
La    Perouse   (la    pa'-  ; 

rooz') 
Laplace  (la'plass') 
Las  Casas  (las  kiPsas)  i 
Las  Cases  (las  kaz) 
LiPtham 
Lavater   (la-va/ter    or  \ 

la-'va/tC-R') 
Lavoisier(la/vwa/ze-a')  ; 
Layard  (la'ard) 
Legare     (Am.)     (lgh-  ] 

gree') 
Legendre(leh-zhtiNdT/ 

or  leh-jen'dgr) 
Leibnitz,    or    Leibniz 

(llp'mte) 
Leigh  (lee) 
Leighton  (la'tg-n) 
Lempriere    (lenPpri-er 

or     lem-preer' ) 
Le    Sage,    or    Lesage 

(leh-sazlP) 
L- Estrange  (les-tranj7) 
LS'vgr 
Leverrier    (lch-ver'ri- ' 

er  or  lgh-va're-5') 
Liddell  (Hd'dgl) 
Lieber  (lee'bgr) 


Liebig  (lee'big) 
Lingard  (ling'gard) 
Linnaeus  (lin-neVus) 
Linnelljlin'ngl) 
Liszt  (list) 

Lloyd  (loid)  [va'ga) 
Lope  de  Vega  (lo'pa  da 
Lothaire    (lo-ther7    or 

lo-teR') 
Loudon  ( lou'dQn ) 
Louis  ( loo'is ;  Fr.  pron. 

loo'e') 
Lowth  (louth) 
Lovola  (loi-o'la  or  lo- 
Lff/Qrd  "  [yo'lii) 


M. 

Macaulay  (ma-kaw'li) 
Macchiavelli  (mak-ke- 

a-vePlee).  Syn. 

Machiavel. 
MacCulloch  (ma-kuP- 

lOh)  "[van') 

Macllvaine      (mak'il- 
Mackay   (ma-ka'  and 

ma-kP ) 
Mack'in-tosh 
Mack'lin 
Mac-lau'rin 
Maclean  (mak-lan') 
Macleod  (ma-klowd') 
Maclin  (ma~klnP) 
Maclise  (ma-kleez') 
Macomb  (ma-kombO 
Macready  (ma-kree'dl) 
Mad'oc 
Magellan  (mg-jePl.nn ; 

Sp.    pron.    mii-HGl- 

yan') 
Maginn  (ma-gin') 
Mahmud,      or     Mah- 

moud  (mah'mood') 
Mahomet  (ma-honPet, 

ma/ho-met,  or  ma/- 

ho-met).      See   Mo- 
hammed. 
Mahon   (ma-hoon'   or 

ma-hSn')" 
Maintenon        (maNt/- 

noN'  or  man'to-non ) 
Malcolm  (maPkgm) 
Malone  (ma-lSn') 
Malte     Brun    (mawlt 

brtln'     or     malt'g- 

brdiC") 
Mantell  (man'tl) 


dQ,w9lf,tcTo,t<rok;  Qrn,rue,pull;  c,g,5o/it;  e,g,hard;  a«  ;  ej;«t ;  q  as  ng ;  this  (see  p.  305) 


320 


MODERN   BIOGRAPHICAL   NAMES. 


Marat  (ma/ra/) 
Marie- Antoinette 

(ma're'  oN'twa'net') 
Marie   Louise   (ma' re' 

loo'ez')  [gn) 

Marion  (Am.)  (mar'e- 
Marlborough   (mawl/- 

b'ro) 
Marlowe  (mar'lo) 
Martel  (uiaR'tel') 
Martineau  (Eng.) 

(mar'ti-no) 
Masaniello  (ma-sa-ne- 
Mas'sa-soit'         [el'lo) 
Massena    (mas-sa'na; 

Fr.  pron.  ma'sa'na') 
Massillon  (mas'sil-lon 

or  mas'se'yoN') 
Massinger      (mas'sm- 

}&) 

Mather  (math'gr) 
Maturin  (mat'yoo-rin) 
Maunder  (mawn'der) 
Maury  (Am.)(maw'rl 

and  mur'rl) 
Maury  (Fr.)  (mo're') 
Mazarin  (maz'a-reen' ; 

Fr.    pron.     ma'za'- 

r8n') 
Mazzini     (mat-see'nee 

or  ml-zee'nee) 
Meagher  (mii'gr) 
Medici  (med'e-chee) 
Medicis  (ma'de'sess'  or 

med'e-sis) 
Meigs  (mcgz) 
Mclanchthon         (mg- 

laijk'thon) 
Mendelssohn      (men'- 

dgl-sou) 
Mendoza  (men-do'za; 

Sp.  pron.  men-do'- 

th'.i) 
Metastasio  (met'a-sta'- 

se-o   or  ma-tii-sta'- 

se-o) 
Metternich     (met'tcr- 

nik  or  met'tgr-niK) 
Mover  (mi'gr) 
Mey  erbeerf  m  I'gr-baR' ) 
Meyriek(mer'ik) 
Mii'lm-^gn 
Milne  (Scot.)  (mil) 
Milne  (Eng.)  (miln) 
Milnes  (milz) 
Mirabeau      (nnr'a-bo' 

or  me'rii'bo')        [IS) 
Mirandola  (me-«-an'do- 


Mo-ham'mgd 
Moliere  (mo'le-eR') 
Molyneux  (mol'i- 

nooks') 

Moucreiff(mon-kreef') 

Monroe  (rngn-ro') 

Monstrelet       (moNs'- 

trgh-la')  [gu) 

Montague       (mon'ta- 

Montaigne  (mou'tan' ; 

Fr.  pron.  moN'taii') 

Montalembert  (moN'- 

ta'loN'beR')   [kam') 

Montcalm  (mont- 

Montecuccoli  (mon'ta- 

kobk'ko-lee) 
Montespan    (mou'tes- 
pan' ;      Fr.      pron. 
moN'tes'poN') 
Montesquieu     (m5n'- 
tgs-ku' ;    Fr.   pron. 
m5N'tas'kg-uh') 
Montgolfier  (mois'gol'- 
fe-a'  or  mont-gol'l'T- 
§r) 
Montgomery      (Eng.) 
t      (mQnt-gum'gr-i) 
j  Montrose  (mpnt-roz') 
i  Moore  (Eng.)  (m5r) 
Moray  (mtir'rl) 
i  Moreau  (mo'ro') 
|  Morel  (mo'rel') 
!  Morell  (mo-rell') 
Morrell   (Am.)  (: 
i  Mor'tQn 
I  Mos/by 
Motteux  (mot-too') 
j  Moultrie  (moo'trl) 
Mow'att 

|  Mozart  (mo-zarf ; 
Ger.pron.  mot'sart) 
Muller  (m'ul'lgr,  al- 
j  most  mll'ler) 
Munchhausen  (miin- 
i      chaw'sgn  ;  Ger. 

j      pron.     miinK-how'- 
1      zgn)  [rat') 

Murat  (mu'ra'  or  mu- 
\  Murillo     (moo-reel'yo 
or  mu-rll'lo) 
Mylne  (miln) 


Napier  (nii'pe-or) 
Neek'gr     {Fr.     pron. 
nek'kC'R') 


n5r'- 
[rel) 


Ney  (nil) 

Niebuhr  (nee'boor) 
Nos'tra-d./mus 
Novalis  (no-va'fis) 


O. 

Oberlin  (o'ber-lin) 
Ogilby  (o'g'l-bi) 
Ogilvie  (o'g;l-v'i) 
Ohlenschliiger,  or  Oeh- 

lenschlager     (b'len- 

shla'ggr) 
Olmstead  (um'sted  or 

om'stgd) 
O'Meara      (o-mee'rn, ; 

Irish  pron.  o-ma'ra) 
Orsini  (oR-see'nee) 
Ossian  (Qsh'an) 
Ousely  (ooz'li) 
Oxenstiern       (oks'gn- 

slern') 


P. 

Pal'gravo 
Palmerston     (piim'gr- 

stQn)  [Ice) 

Paoli  ( pa'o-lee  or  pow'- 
Par'a-cel'sQs 
Pardoe  (par 'do) 
Par'ngll 
Pascal  (pas'kgl  ;    Fr. 

pron.  pas'kal') 
Pearce  and  Pearce 
PSar'sgn  and  Pear'son 
Pepin  (pep'in  or  pip'- 

in  ;  Fr.  pron.   pgh- 

paV) 
Pepys  (peps)         [see) 
Pestalozzi  (pes-ta-lof- 
Petrarch      (pee'triirk) 

(It.     Petrarca,    p3- 

traR'ka) 
Piccolomini     (plk-ko- 

lom'enee) 
Pierce  (peerss  or  pSrss) 
Piozzi  (pe-ot'see  or  pe- 

oz'zT ) 
Pizarro        ( pe-zar'ro ; 

Sp.  pron.  pe-thaR'- 

Ro)  [taj'e-net) 

Plautagenet        (plan- 
Pleyel      (pll'el);       or 

Pleyl  (pill) 
Po'ca-hon'tas 


Po'c5cke 

Poin-sett' 

Polk  (polk  or  pok) 

Pombal  (pom-bal') 

Pompadour    (pSm'pa- 

dooR'    or    pCiM'pa"- 

dooR') 
Ponce  de  Leon  (pon'- 

tha  da  15-on') 
Poniatowski  (po-ne-a- 

tov'ske) 
Popham .( pop'am ) 
Porteus  ( por' te-tSf ) 
Poussin  (poo'saN') 
Powell  (pou'ol) 
Pow'hat-tan' 
Praed (prid) 
Preble  (preb'l) 
Prichard  (pritch'grd) 
Prideaux  (prid'o  "and 

prid'ux) 
Priessn  i  tzj  preess'nits ) 
Pughe  (pu) 
Pugin  (pu'jin) 
Pulaski     (pu-las'kee; 

Pol.  pron.  poo-las'- 

kee) 
Pulci  (pool'chee) 
Pulteneyjpult'ui) 
Pusey  (pu'zi) 


Q. 

Quarles  (kwiirlz) 
Quevedo  (ka-va'Do) 
Quiucy    (kwin'si     or 
kwln'zi) 


R. 

Rabelais  ( riifbgh-la'  or 

rab'la') 
Rachel  (Vw)  (ra'shel') 
Racine  (ra'sen'  or  ras- 

seen' ) 
Raffaelle    (raf-fa-el'ir.) 

Si/n.     Raphael. 
Raleigh  (raw'lT);  writ- 
ten also  Ralegh. 
Ranke  (rank'gh) 
Raphael     (ri't'a-gl    or 

rflf'la-el) 
Rapin  (rap'in  or  ra'- 

paN) 
Reaumur    (ra'o'muR' 

or  ro'mur) 


a, e,  &,c.,long;  *i, e,  &,c, short;  care,  far,  ask,  all,  what;  ere,  veil, term;  pique,  firm;  son, or, 


MODERN   BIOGRAPHICAL   NAMES. 


321 


Rembrandt        (rgnP- 

brant) 
Ren'ngll 

Reuchlin  (roiKlin) 
Reynolds  (ren'yldz) 
Ricasoli  (re-kii/so-lee) 
Riccio  (reecho) 
Richelieu       (resh'eh- 

loo ;  Fr.pron.  reslP- 

le-uh') 
Richter(nK/ter).  Syn. 

Jean  Paul. 
Rienzi    (re-en'zee),  or 

Rienzo  (re-en'zo) 
Rives  (Amer.)  (reevz) 
Rizzio  (ret/se-o  or  rit'- 

se-o) 
Robespierre     (ro'bes- 

peer'    or  rob'es-pe- 

Sr')  [shoN'bo') 

Rochambeau         (ro'- 
Rochefoucauld  (roslP- 

foo-ko'  or  roslPfoo'- 

ko')  _     [zha') 

Roget   (ro'zha  or  ro'- 
Romilly  (Eng.)  (ronP- 

il-T) 
Rosecrans  (roz'krSnts) 
Rothschild  (ros'child ; 

Ger.  pron.  rot'shllt) 
Rousseau  (roods') 
Routledge  (rut'ljj) 
Rowe  (ro) 
Rowley  (rou'li) 
Rutgers  (rut'Kgrs) 
Rutherford    (ruth'er- 

fgrd) 


S. 

Saadi.     See  Sadi. 
Sabine  (sab'in) 
Sacheverell  (sa-chev'- 

gr-gl) 
Saintine  (saN'ten') 
Saint-John  (sent'-jon 

or  sln'jen)  [jgr) 

Saint    Leger    (slPlin- 
Saint-Pierre        (sent- 

peer  or  saN'pe-'R') 
Saint-Simon  (sent-sP- 

mon  or  saN'se^moN') 
Saladin  (saPa-dTn) 
Sand  (Fr.)  (son) 
San'd/s  {or  sandz) 
Saunderson    (san'dgr- 

son) 


Saussure    (so'sur'    or 

so'sur')  fil) 

Savile,  or  Saville  (sav'- 
Savonarola  (sii-vo-na- 

ro'la) 
Scaliger  (skaPI-jer) 
Schelling  (shelving) 
Scheuck  (skenk) 
Schiller  (shIPler) 
Schlegel    (shhPgel    or 
shla'Ggl)  [er-niaK'gr) 
Schleiermacher  (shfp- 
Schmidt  (shmit) 
Schuyler  (skPlgr) 
Scoresby  (skorz~bI) 
Scougal  (skoo'gal) 
Scribe  (skreb)    "    [da) 
Sepulveda  (sa-pooPva- 
Sgr-ve'tus 
Sevigne  (sa-veen'ya  or 

sa'ven'yJP) 
Seward  (su'nrd) 
Seymour  (see'mer) 
Shakes'pSare  :    "  ivrit- 

ten  also  Shakspeare 

and  Shakspere. 
Shiel  (sheel) 
Sidmouth  (sld'muth) 
Sieyes  (se-eV,  se-a7,  or 

se-a'ya^ 
Sigel  (see'ggl)  [mund) 
Sigismund  (sy'is- 

Sigourney  (sig/gr-n!) 
Sismondi  (sls-mon'di ; 

It.  pron.  ses-mon'- 

dee) 
Slidell  (sll-deP) 
Snorri  Sturluson 

(snor'ree   stoor'ldb- 

sgn) 
Soane  (son) 
Sobieski  (so-be-es'kee) 
Socinus  (so-sPntis) 
Somers  (sunPerz) 
Sontag     (son'tag     or 

son'taG) 
Sotheby  (sutb/g-bT) 
Soule(sol)  _  [la') 

Soule  (soo-la'  or  soo'- 
Soulouque  (soo'lobk') 
Soult  (soolt) 
Southard  (sfttiPard) 
Southern  (sutfpgrn) 
Sou  they  (sowrh'I) 
Sowerby  (sou'er-bT) 
Soyer  (soPer  or  swa7- 

y&') 

Spalding  (spawPdlng) 


Spinola  (spee^no-la) 
Spinoza  (spe-no'za) 
Spurtzheim  (spooRts'- 

hTm  or  spQrz'im) 
Stael  (stal  or  stawl) 
Stanhope  (stau'Qp) 
Stanislaus  (stiin-is-la'- 

Qs  or  stan-is-liPus) 
Staunton  (stan'ton) 
Steuben  (Am.)   (stiP- 
Storrs  (storz)        [ben) 
Stowell  (sto'el) 
Strahan  and  Strachan 
(strawn)  [sant) 

Stuyvesant  (stPvg- 
Sue  (su ;  Fr.pron.  sii) 
Suleyman  (soo-la- 

man').      Syn.  Soli- 
man,  [sipye') 
Sully  (stiPIT ;  Fr.  pron. 
Suwarrow  (soo-or'ro) ; 
written       Souvoroff 
or  Suworow  (Iiuss. 
pron.  soo-vo'rof) 
Swe'den-borg'      (Sw. 
pron.  swfPden-boRG) 
Sydenham  (sid'gn-am) 


T. 

Talbot  (tawPbQt) 
Talfourd  (tawPfgrd) 
Taliaferro     (t5PI-vgr, 
and  sometimes  teP- 

Talleyrand         (taPlT- 

rand;  Fr.  pron.  taP- 

UProN') 
Tallmadge(taPmTj) 
Tamerlane       ( tiinPgr- 

lan  or  tanPer-lan') 
Taney  (taw'ni)  [so.) 
TaVso  (It.  pron.  tas'- 
Tassoni  (tas-so'nee) 
Tg-cum'seh  [muth) 
Teignmouth  (t!n/- 
Teniers  ( tfin'yerz  ;  Fr. 

pron.    teh-ne-a'    or 

tgn-ya')" 
Thackeray  ( thak'er-ri) 
Thalberg  (taPbgRG) 
Theobald  (thee'o- 

bawld  or  tfb'bald) 
Thesiger  (thgs'Y-jer) 
Thierry  (te-er'ri  or  te- 

a'ree') 
Thiers  (te-eR/) 


Tholuck  (to'ldbk) 
Thorn  (torn) 
Thoresby  (thorz'bT) 
Thorwaldsen        (tor'- 

wald-sen    or    toa7- 

Tald-sgn) 
Tieck  (teek) 
Tighe  (tl)  [te/ye') 

Tilly  (tiPle;   Fr.  ],ron. 
Timur,     or     Timour 

(tee'moor') 
Tintoretto        (ten-to- 

ret'to) 
Tippoo    Sahib   (tlp'po 

sa'hib;  almost  s&'lb) 
TLschendorf   (tish/gn- 

doRf) 
Titian  (tish'an) 
Tocqueville  "(tuk'vil; 

French    pron.    tok'- 

veP) 
Torquato  (toR-kwiPto) 
Torquemada    (tt>R-ka- 

ma'Da) 
Toucey  (tou'sT) 
Toussaint       L'Ouver- 

ture   (too'saN'  loo'- 

vgR'tuR')  [gnd) 

Towushend     (towm/- 
Tr^d'os-cant 
Trowbridge  (tro/brTj) 
Tyndalettin/dil) 
Tyrwhitt     (teVit     or 

ter'wit) 


TJ. 

Uhland     (oo'liint     or 

yoo/land) 
Ulfilas,"   or    Ulphilas 

(aPH-las) 
Upham  (up'am) 
Urquhart  (urk'art) 
Uwins  (yoo/inzf 


Val-lan'di-gham    (-dT- 
gnm)  [rep) 

Van  Ruren  (van  biP- 
Yanbrugh  (van'broo) 
Vancouver   (van-koo'- 

vgr) 
Vandyke       (vSu-dTk') 
(Dutch  Vandyck,  or 
Vandjik,  van-dlk') 


do,  wolf,  tcJb,  tot>k ;  flrn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  e,  g,  hard ;  as  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  this  (s 


p.  305). 


322 


MODERN   BIOGRAPHICAL   NAMES. 


Van  Rensselaer  (vXn 

ren'sgl-ar)  [tel') 

Vattel(vat-tel'  or  vat/- 
Yauban  (vo'bSN') 
Vaughan    (vaw'n    or 

vaw'an) 
Vaux  fEng.  &   Am.) 

(vawks) 
Tega  (va-'ga) 
Velasquez    (va-las'kez 

or  va-laVketh) 
Vernet  (veR'na') 
Yerplanck(vgr-plank/) 
Vgr-ste'gan 
VeVjj-lam 
Vespucci     (vCs-poot7- 

chee) 
Vicente  (ve-sen'ta) 
Vida  (vee'da) 
Vidocq  (ve'dok') 
Villiers  (yil'yerz) 
Vinci      (yin'chee      or 

ven'chee) 
Vladimir  ( vlad'e-mer) 
Volney     (vol'nf;    Fr. 

pron.  vol'na') 
Voltaire    (vol-ter7    or 

vol'teR') 
Vortigern         (vor'te- 

ggrn) 
Voss  (Ger.)  (foss) 


W. 

Waldemar  (wg-l'de- 
mar  or  wal'deh- 
mar)  [stln) 

"VVallenstein  (wol'lgn- 
War'bur-tgn 
Wargentin  (war' gen- 
teen)  [ing-tQn) 
Washington  (wosh'- 
Watteau  (vat' to') 
Weber  (wa/bgr  or  \va;- 

bcr) 
Weflesley  (wglz'li) 
Wemys      (weemz     or 

wTmz) 
Werner    (wer'ner    or 

weR'ner) 
Whalley^hwSl'lT) 
Whewell  (hu/el) 
Whiteneld(hwlt/feeld) 
Wieland      (wee'land  ; 
German  pron.  wee'- 
liint) 
Willoughby  (wil'lo^bi) 
Willughby  (wil'lg-bi) 
Winckelmann  (wink'- 

el-man ) 
Windham  (wind'am) 
Wolcott    (wol'kgt    or 
wcToykot) 


Wolff  (Eng.)(woolf) 
Wollaston      (wdbl'as- 

tgn) 
Wollstonecraft  (wo~bl/- 

styn-kraft) 
Wolsey  (wdbl/zT) 
Worcester  (\v dosser) 
Wordsworth   (wuroV- 

wurth) 
Wouyerman      (wow/- 

vgr-man) 
Wraxall    (raks'al    or 

raks'al) 
Wycherley       (witch'- 

gr-1!) 
WyclifFe(wikaif)  ;also 

Wyclif,  Wiclif,  and 

Wickliffe. 
Wyntoun  (wYn'tgn  or 

wln'toyn) 
Wythe  (with;  th  as  in 

thin) 


Xavier  (zaVT-gr ;   Sp. 

pron.  Hii-ve-aR7) 
Ximenes  (zT-mee'nez ; 

Sp.   pron.    He-ma'- 

n6s) 


Yonge (yung) 
Youatt  (yoo'gt) 
Youmans  (yoo'manz) 
Yriarte  (e-re-aR'ta) 
Ysabeau  (e'za/bo') 


Z. 

Zirn'mgr-mann    ( Ger. 

pron.  tsim'mer- 

man)  [doRf) 

Zinzendorf  (tsint'sen- 

Zollikofer(Ger.)(tsol'- 

le-ko'fer) 
Z51'lI-kof'fgr(Am.) 
Zouch  (zooch) 
Zschokke  (tshSk'kgh) 
Zumala  -  Carregui 
( thoo-m  ala-kaR-Ra7 
gee) 
Zumpt  (tsdbmpt) 
Zuniga  (thoon-yee/ga) 
Zwin'gli    (  Ger.    pron. 
tswlng'lee)        (Lat. 
Zwin'gll-us  or  Zuin'- 
gli-us);  written  also 
Zwingle  (zwing'gl) 
Zwirner  (tswiRn'gr) 


a,g,  &c.,  long;  a,  e,  &c,  short ;  care,  far,  ask,  all,  what ;  gre,veil,  term ;  pique,  firm  : 


PBONOUNCING  AND  EXPLANATORY  VOCABULARY 

OF 

>MMON  ENGLISH  CHRISTIAN  NAMES. 


I.    NAMES  OF  MEN. 


A. 

Aaron  (&r'un).  [Heb.]  Lofty  ; 
inspired. 

A'bel.  [Heb.]  Breath;  tran- 
sitoriness ;  vanity. 

A-bl'el.  [Heb.]  Father  of 
strength. 

A-bl'jah.  [Heb.]  To  whom 
Jehovah  is  a  Father,  [light. 

Ab'ner.      [Heb.]     Father  of 

A'bra-ham.  [Heb.]  Father 
of  a  multitude,     [elevation. 

A'bram.     [Heb.]     Father  of 

Ad'am.  [Heb.]  Man;  earth- 
man  ;  red  earth. 

A-dol'phus.  [0.  II.  Ger.] 
Noble  wolf,  i.  e.  noble  hero. 

Ad'o-ni'rani.  [Heb.]  Lord 
of  height. 

Al'a-rl€.  [O.  H.  Ger.]  All- 
rich  ;  or,  noble  ruler. 

Al'bert.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Nobly 
bright ;  illustrious. 

Al'bi-on.  [Celt.]  Mountain- 
ous land  ;  —  the  ancient 
name  of  England 

Al'ex-an'der.  [Gr.]  A  de- 
fender of  men. 

Al'fred.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  Elf 
in  council;  i.  e., good  coun- 
selor. [ALPHONSO. 

A-16n'zo.     [0.  Ger.]  Same  as 

Al'phe-us  (properly  Al-phe'- 
us).     [Heb.]    Exchange. 

Al-ph6n'so.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  All- 
ready  ;  willing. 

fen1:}  tHeb-i  Ini(iuity- 

Al'vin,   [    [0.  II.  Ger.]    Be- 
Al'win.  i       loved  by  all. 
Am'a-ri'ah.     [Heb.]    Whom 

Jehovah  promised. 
Am'a-sa.    [Heb.]   A  burden. 


Am'brose.  LGr.]  Immortal ; 
divine. 

Am'mi.     [Heb.]    My  people. 

A'mos.  [Heb.]  Strong;  cou- 
rageous; otherwise,  a  bur- 
den. 

An'drew  (an'dru).  [Gr.J 
Strong;  manly. 

An'selm.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  Pro- 
tection of  God. 

An'tho-ny  (-to-),  ]         [Lat.] 

An'to-ny.  j  Priceless ; 

t  praiseworthy. 

Ar'chi-bald.  [Ger.]  Extreme- 
ly   bold ;     otherwise,    holy 

..  prince. 

Ar'te-mas.  [Gr.]  Gift  of 
Artemis,  or  Diana. 

Ar'thur.  [Celt.]  High  ;  noble. 

A'sa.  [Heb.]  Healer;  phy- 
sician. [God. 

As'a-hel.     [Heb.]    Made  of 

A'§aph.     [Heb.]    A  collector. 

Ash'er.  [Heb.]  Happy  ;  fort- 
unate.  [ness. 

Ash'ur.  [Heb.]  Black;  black- 

Au-gus'tin,    V[Lat.]  Belong- 

Au-gus'tine,  [      ing   to  Au- 

Aus'tin.  )      gustus. 

Au-gus'tus.  [Lat.]  Exalted; 
imperial.  [of  the  Lord. 

Az'a-rl'ah.    [Heb.]     Helped 

B. 

Bap'tist.     [Gr.]    A  baptizer ; 

a  purifier. 
Bar'na-be  a,  \  [Heb.]    Son  of 
Bar'na-by.   )      consolation. 
Bar-thol'o-mew.    [Heb.]    A 

warlike  son. 
Bar-zil'lai.     [Heb.]    Iron  of 

the  Lord ;  firm  ;  true. 
Bag'il.   [Gr.]   Kingly  ;  royal. 


B6n'e-di€t.     [Lat.]    Blessed. 

Ben'ja-min.  [Heb.]  Son  of 
the  right  hand. 

Be-ri'ah.  [Heb.]  In  calamity. 
!  Ber'nard,  I  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Bold 

Bar'nard.  )     as  a  bear. 

Ber'tram.  [O.H.Ger.J  Bright 
raven. 

Be-zal'e-el.  [Heb  ]  In  the 
shadow  (protection)  of  God. 

B6n'i-fa<je.  [Lat.]  A  bene- 
factor. 


■€ad-wal1a-der.  [Brit.]  Bat- 
tle-arranger. 

Qre'gar.  [Lat.]  Hairy ;  or, 
blue-eyed ;  or,  boru  under 
the  cesarean  operation. 

■Ca'leb.     [Heb.]    A  dog. 

■Gal'vin.     [Lat.]    Bald. 

Cecil  (se'sil,  sls'il,  or  sSs'il). 
[Lat.]     Dim-sighted. 

Qe'phas.  [Aramaic.]  A  stone. 

Charle§.  [O.H.Ger.]  Strong; 
manly ;  noble-spirited. 

Christ'ian.  [Lat.]  Belong- 
ing to  Christ ;  a  believer  in 
Christ.  [ing  Christ. 

■Ghris'to-pher.     [Gr.]    Bear- 

•eiar'enge.  [Lat.]  Illustrious. 

■eiem'ent.  [Lat.]  Mild-tem- 
pered ;  merciful. 

-GSn'rad.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Bold 
in  council  ;  resolute. 

■eSn'stant.  [Lat.]  Firm ; 
faithful. 

■€6n's  tan -tine.  [Lat.]  Res- 
olute ;  firm. 

■Gor-ne'li-us  (or  kor-neel'- 
yus).     [Lat.]     (Uncertain.) 


s6n,  or,  do,  wolf,  tob,  tdbk  ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft ;  c,  g,  hard;  ag  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng ;  tins. 

(323) 


324 


COMMON   ENGLISH    CHRISTIAN   NAMES. 


■€uth'bert.      [A.-S.J      Noted 

splendor. 
Cyp'ri-an.    [Gt.]   Of  Cyprus. 
Cyr'il.     [Gr.]     Lordly. 
Qy'rus.     [Per.]     The  sun. 

D. 

Ean.     [Ileb.]    A  judge. 

Dan'i-el(o/-dau/yel).  [Heb.] 
A  divine  judge. 

Da-rl'us.     [Per.]     Preserver. 

Da'vid.     [I'leb.]     Beloved. 

De-me'tri-us.  [Gr.]  Belong- 
ing to  Ceres. 

DSn'is,     I  [Gr.]   Same  as  Dl- 

Den'nis.  /  onysius.  [Fr. 
form.] 

Der'rick.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  A 
corruption  of  Theodoric. 

DPo-nys'i-us  (-nizh'I-us). 
[Gr.]  Belonging  to  Dio- 
nysos,  the  god  of  wine. 

Ddn'ald.  [Celt.]  Proud  chief. 

Dun'-ean  (dHjJk'an).  [Celt.] 
Brown  chief. 

E. 

Eb'en._  [Heb.]    A  stone. 
Eb'en-e'zer.      [Heb.]       The 
w  stone  of  help, 
fid'gar.    [A.-S.]  A  javelin  (or 

protector)  of  property. 
Ed'mund.    [A.-S.]    Defender 
M  of  property, 
fid'ward.     [A.-S.]   Guardian 

of  property.  [property. 

Ed'win.     [A.-S.]     Gainer  of 
Eg'bert.     [0.  H.  Ger.]    The 

sword's  brightness ;  famous 

with  the  sword. 
El'bert.     [0.   II.  Ger.]    The 

same  as  Albert. 
fil'dred.    [A.-S.]    Terrible. 
E'le-a'zer.   [Heb.]    To  whom 

God  is  a  help. 
E'H.    [Heb.]    A  foster  son. 
E-11'ab.     [Heb.]    God  is  his 

father. 
E-11'as.      [Heb.]     The  same 

as  Elijah.  [Lord. 

E-11'hu.      [Ileb.]      God   the 
E-li'jah.    [Heb.]    Jehovah  is 

my  God.  [salvation. 

E-11'pha-let.    [Heb.]    God  of 
E-li'sha.     [Heb.]      God   my 

salvation. 


E-li'zur.     [Heb.]     God  is  my 
„  rock.  [of  Elisha. 

El'lis.      [Heb.]     A   vaiiation 
Ei'mer.     [A.-S.]    Noble ;  ex- 
cellent.     [A  contraction  of 
Ethelmer.] 
El'na-than.  [Heb.]  God  gave. 
Mh-man'u-el.     [Heb.]     God 
with  us. 

E'no-eh.  [Heb.]  Consecrated ; 

dedicated. 
E'nos.     [Ileb.]     Man.     [ful. 
E'phra-im.  [Heb.]  Yeryfruit- 
E-ras'mus.      [Gr.]     Lovely  ; 

worthy  to  be  loved. 
E-ras'tus.      [Gr.]      Lovely  ; 
_  amiable.  [powerful. 

E'rie.     [A.  S.]    Rich  ;  brave  ;* 
fir'nest.     [Ger.]    Earnest. 
E'than.     [Hob.]     Firmness  ; 

strength. 
Eu'gene,  or  Eu-gene'.  [Gr.] 

Well-born  ;  noble. 
Eus'tage.     [Gr.]      Healthy; 

strong  ;  standing  firm, 
fiv'an.    [Brit.]     The  same  as 

John.  [of  God. 

E-ze'ki-el.     [Heb.]    Strength 
Ez'ra.     [Heb.J     Help. 


Fe'lix.  [Lat.]  Happy  ;  pros- 
perous. 

Fer'di-nand.  [0.  H.  Ger.] 
Brave  ;  valiant. 

Fer-nan'do.  [0.  II.  Ger.] 
The  same  as  FERDINAND. 

Fes'tus.   [Lit.]  Joyful;  glad. 

Fran'cis.    [Fr.]    Free. 

Frank.  [Fr.]  A  contraction 
of  Francis. 

Frgd'er-ie,    1  [0.    H.    Ger.] 

Fred'er-ick.  )  Abounding 
in  peace  ;  or,  peaceful  ruler. 


Ga'bri-el.  [Heb.]  Man  of  God. 

Ga'ius  (gii/yus).  [Lat.]  Re- 
joiced. 

Ga-ma/li-el.  [Heb.]  Recom- 
pense of  God. 

Gar'ret.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  An- 
other form  of  Gerald. 


Geoffrey.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  The 
same  as  Godfrey. 

Gec%e.  [Gr.]  A  landholder; 
husbandman. 

Ger'ald,  I  [0.  II.  Ger.]  Strong 

Ger'ard.  J      with  the  spear. 

Ger'shom.    [Heb.]  An  exile. 

GId'e-on.  [Heb.]  A  de- 
stroyer. 

Gil'bert.  [0.  II.. Ger.]  Yel- 
low-bright ;  famous. 

Glle§.     [Gr.]    A  kid. 

Giv'en.    [Eng.]     Gift  of  God. 

G6d'dard.  [0.  Ger.]  Pious ; 
virtuous. 

GSd'frey.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  At 
peace  with  God. 

Greg'o-ry.  [Ger.]  Watch- 
ful ;  vigilant. 

Griffith.  [Brit.]  Having 
great  faith.         Jrior  ;  hero. 

Gus-ta'vus.  [Sw.]  A  war- 
Guy.     [Fr.]    A  leader. 

H. 

Han'ni-bal.  [Punic]  Grace 
of  Baal. 

Har'old.  [A.-S.]  A  cham- 
pion ;  general  of  an  army. 

He'man.    [Heb.]   Faithful. 

Hen'ry.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  The 
head  or  chief  of  a  house. 

HSr'bert.  [A.-S.]  Glory  of 
the  army.  [warrior. 

Har'man.    [0.   H.   Ger.]    A 

Hez'e-ki'ah.  [Heb.]  Strength 
of  the  Lord.  [merry. 

Hil'a-ry.     [Lat.]     Cheerful ; 

Ill'ram.    [Hob.]   Most  noble. 

Hor'age.  [Gr.]  Same  as 
Horatio.    [Fr.  form.] 

Ho-ra'ti-ofho-ra'shl-o).  [Gr.] 
(  Uncertain.) 

Ho-se'a.     [Heb.]    Salvation. 

How'ell.  [Brit.]  Sound ; 
whole. 

Hu'bert.  [0.  n.  Ger.]  Bright 
in  spirit ;  soul-bright. 

Hugh   (hu),     )   [D.]     Mind ; 

Hu'go.  j     spirit ;  soul. 

Humpb/rey.  [A.-S.]  Pro- 
tector of  the  home. 

I. 

Leh'a-bod.  [Heb.]  The  glory 
has  departed. 


£,5,1, 0,  fi,  y,  long ;  a,  S, 1,  5,  ft,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  what ;  ere,  vgil,  term ;  pVque,  firm  ; 


COMMON  ENGLISH    CHRISTIAN   NAMES. 


325 


Ig-na'ti-us  (ig-na'sht-us). 
[Gr.J    Ardent ;  fiery. 

Im-man'u-el.     [Heb.]     The 

.    same  as  Emmanuel. 

In'gram.    [Teat.]    Raven. 

In'i-go.  [Gr.]  The  same  as 
Ignatius.    [Sp.  form.] 

I'ra.    IHeb.]    Watchful. 

I'saac  (l'zak).  [Heb.]  Laugh- 

_  ter. 

I-§a'iah  (I-za'ya).  [Heb.]  Sal- 
vation of  the  Lord.       [God. 

Ts'ra-el.  [Heb.]    A  soldier  of 

Iv'an.  [Brit.]  The  same  as 
John.  [Russian  form.] 

J. 

Ja'bez.  [Heb.]  He  will  cause 
pain. 

Ja'€ob.  [Heb.]  A  supplanter. 

Ja'i-rus.  [Heb.]  He  will  en- 
lighten. 

James.  [Heb.]  The  same  as 
Jacob.  [merit. 

Ja'pheth.    [Heb.]     Enlarge- 

IJa'red.    [Heb.]    Descent. 
Ja'son.    [Gr.]    A  healer. 
Jas'per.  [Per.]  (  Uncertain.) 
Ja'van.  [Heb.]  Clay  ;  supple, 
jed'e-dl'ah.   [Heb.]   Beloved 
of  the  Lord. 
Jeffrey.    [0.  H.  Ger.]   Same 
as  Godfrey. 
Jer'e-mi'ah,  )  [Heb.]    Exalt- 
J6r'e-my.      j        ed   of   the 
Lord. 
Jer'ome  (in  Eng.),  Je-rome' 
(in  Amer.).     Holy  name. 
Jcs'se.  [Heb.]  Wealth. 
Jo'ab.    [Heb.]  Jehovah  is  his 
father.  [cuted. 

Job.    [Heb.]    Afflicted  ;  perse- 
Jo'el.      [Heb.]      The  Lord  is 
God.  [gift  of  God. 

iJohn  (jon).    [Heb.]    Gracious 
Jo'nah, 
Jo'nas. 
J6n'a-than.     [Heb.]    Gift  of 
Jehovah. 
Jo'seph.  [Heb.]  He  shall  add. 
J5sh'u-a.  [Heb.]    God  of  sal- 
vation. 
Jo-sl'ah, )  [Heb.]    Given  of 
Jo-Sl'as.  J      the  Lord. 
Jo'tham.  [Heb.]  The  Lord  is 
upright. 
Ju'dah.   [Heb.]   Praised. 


[Heb.]   A  dove. 


Ju'li-an.  [Lat.]  Sprung  from, 

or  belonging  to,  Julius. 
Ju'li-us.  [Gr.]  Soft-haired. 
Jus'tin,  )  [Lat.]      Just  ;    up- 
Jiis'tus.  j      right. 

K.  m 

Ken'elm.   [A.-S.]  A  defender 

of  his  kindred. 
Ken'neth.  [Gael.]  A  leader  ; 

commander. 

L. 

La/ban.  [Heb.]  White. 

Lam'bert.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Il- 
lustrious with  landed  pos- 
sessions. 

Lan'ce-lot.  [It.]  A  little  an- 
gel ;  otherwise,  a  little  lance 
or  warrior :  or,  a  servant. 

Lau'renge,  i[Lat.]  Crowned 

Law'rence.  j      with  laurel. 

Laz'a-rus.  [Heb.]  God  will 
help. 

Le-an'der.  [Gr.]  Lion-man. 

L6m'u-el.  [Heb.]  Created 
by  God. 

Leon'ard  (len'ard).  [Ger.] 
Strong  or  brave  as  a  lion. 

Le-6n'I-das.  [Gr.]  Lion-like. 

Le'o-pold.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Bold 
for  the  people. 

Le'vl.  [Heb.]  Adhesion.  See 
Gen.  xxix.  34. 

Lew'is  (lob/is).  [0.  II.  Ger.] 
Bold  warrior. 

LI'nus.  [Gr.]  Flaxen-haired. 

Li'o-nel.  [Lat.]  Young  lion. 

Llew-el'lyn  (lu-el'lin). 

[Celt.]  Lightning,     [people. 

Lo-am'mi.     [Heb.]    Not  my 

Lo-ren'zo.  [Lat.]  The  same 
as  Laurence. 

L6t.  [Heb.]  A  veil ;  covering. 

Lou'is.  [0.  H.  Ger]  The  same 
as  Lewis     [Fr.  form.] 

Lu'ci-an  (lu'shi-an).  [Lat.] 
Belonging  to,  or  sprung 
from,  Lucius. 

Lu'ci-vis  (lii'shi-Hs).  [Lat.] 
•  Born  at  break  of  day. 

Lu'do-vlc.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  Same 
as  Lewis.  [Ger.  form.] 

Luke.  [Lat.]  Light. 

Lu'ther.  [Ger.]  Illustrious 
warrior. 


Ly-cur'gus.  [Gr.]  Wolf- 
driver. 

M. 

Ma'do-c.  [W.]  Good  ;  benefi- 
cent, [of  the  Lord. 

Mal'a-ehi.  [Heb.]  Messenger 

Ma-nas'seh.  [Heb.]  Forget- 
fulness. 

Mar-gel'lus.  [Lat.]  Diminu- 
tive of  Marcus. 

Mar'ci-us(mar/shi-Qs).  [Lat.] 
Same  as  Marcus. 

Mar'-eus,  )  [Lat.]  A  ham- 
Mark.  )  mer ;  otherwise, 
a  male;  or,  sprung  from 
Mars^  i^r* 

Mar'ma-dtike.  [A.-S.]  A 
mighty  noble. 

Mar'tin.  [Lat.]  Of  Mars  ; 
warlike. 

Mat'thew  (math'yi]).  [Heb.] 
Gift  of  Jehovah. 

Mat-thi'as  (math-thi'as). 
[Heb.]  Gift  of  the  Lord ;  — 
the  same  as  Matthew. 

Mau'rige.  [Lat.]  Moorish  ; 
dark-colored. 

Max'i-mil'i-an.  [Lat.]  The 
greatest  iEmilianus. 

Mi'-eah.  [Heb.]  Who  is  like 
the  Lord  ? 

MI'-eha-el  (or  mi'kel).  [Heb.] 
Who  is  like  God  ? 

Miles. .     [Lat.]    A  soldier. 

Mor'gan.  [Brit.]  A  seaman  ; 
a  dweller  on  the  sea. 

M6'§es.  [Egypt.]  Drawn  out 
of  the  water. 

N. 

Na'hum.  [Heb.]  Consolation. 

Na'than.  [Heb.]  Given  ;  a 
gift. 

Na-than'a-el,  \  [Heb.]      The 

Na-than'I-el.  f     gift  of  God. 

Neal,  )  [Lat.]  Dark  :  swarthy  ; 

Neil.  }  otherwise  [Celt.], 
Chief.  [of  the  Lord. 

Ne'he-mi'ah.  [Heb.]  Comfort 

Ni-ch'o-las,  I  [Gr.]  Victory  of 

Ni-e'o-las.     j      the  people. 

No'ah.  [Heb.]  Rest ;  comfort. 

No'el.  [Lat.  Dies  Na talis.] 
Christmas  ;  born  on  Christ- 
mas day. 


son,  or,  dQ,  wplf,  toe,  took;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  e,  g,  hard;  a^  ;  exist ;  n  as  ng  ;  this. 


326 


COMMON   ENGLISH    CHRISTIAN   NAMES. 


Ndr'man.  [Ger.]  A  north- 
man  ;  a  native  of  Normandy. 

o. 

6'ba-di'ah.  [Heb.]  Servant 
of  the  Lord. 

O'bed.     [Heb.]    Serving  God. 

Oe-ta'vi-us,  I      [Lat.J       The 

Oc-ta'vus.     )       eighth-born. 

Ol'i-ver.  [Lat.]  An  olive- 
tree,  [aineer. 

0-res'te§.     [Gr.]     A  mount- 

Or-lan'do.  [Teut.]  Same  as 
Rowland.    [It.  form.] 

Os'ear.  [Celt.]  Bounding 
warrior. 

Og'mond,  I  [0.  II.  Ger.]  Pro- 

Qs/mund   J      tection  of  God. 

Os'wald.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  Power 

_  of  God. 

Ow'en.  [Celt.]  Lamb  ;  other- 
wise, young  warrior. 

P. 

Pat'rick.  [Lat.]  Noble ;  a 
patrician. 

Paul.  [Lat.]  Little.      [PAUL,. 

Pau-li'nus.     [Lat.]     Same  as 

Pe'leg.     [Heb.]     Division. 

Per'c-grine.  [Lat.]  A  stran- 
ger. 

Pe'ter.    [Gr.]    A  rock. 

Phi-lan'der.  [Gr.]  A  lover  of 
men. 

Phi-le'mon.  [Gr.]  Loving ; 
friendly.  [horses. 

Phil'ip.      [Gr.]     A   lover  of 

Phin'e-as,    \  [Heb.]     Mouth 

Phin'e-has.  J      of  brass. 

PI'us    [Lat.]  Pious ;  dutiful. 

P61'y-€arp.  [Gr.]  Much  fruit. 

Pre-sSrv'ed.  [Eng.]  Re- 
deemed ;  saved. 


Qum'tin. 


[Lat.]  The  fifth. 

R. 


Ralph   (in   Eng.  often  pron. 

raf.)     [0.  II.  Ger.]    Same  as 

Rodolphus.     [ingofGod. 

Raph'a-el.   [Heb.]   The  heal- 

Rgg'i-nald.       [0.    II.    Ger.] 

Strong  ruler. 


Reu'ben.  [Heb.]  Behold,  a 
son. 

Reu'el.  [Heb.]  Friend  of  God. 

Reyn'old.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  The 
same  as  Reginald. 

Rich'ard.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Rich- 
hearted  ;  powerful. 

ROb'ert.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Bright 
in  fame. 

R6d'er-ie,    )      [O.   II.  Ger.] 

R8d'er-ick.  )      Rich  in  fame. 

Ro'dolph,       )     [0.  II.  Ger.] 

Ro-d61'phus.  j  Famous 

wolf,  or  hero. 

Rdg'er.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  Fa- 
mous with  the  spear. 

Ro'land.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  Same 
as  Rowland.    [Fr.  form.] 

Row'land.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Fame 
of  the  land. 

Ru'dolph,         )   [0.  II  Ger.] 

Ru-d61'phus.  I  Variations 
of  Rodolphus.      [haired. 

Ru'fus.       [Lat.]      Red;  red- 

Ru'pert.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  Same 
as  Robert. 

s. 

Sal'mon.    [Heb.]    Shady. 
Sam'son,     I  [Heb.]   Splendid 
Samp'son.  J   sun  ;  i.  e.,  great 

joy  and  felicity. 
Sam'u-el.    [Heb.]    Heard  of 

God  ;  asked  for  of  God. 
Saul.     [Heb.]    Asked  for. 
Se'ba.     [Heb.]     Eminent. 
Se-bas'tian  (-bast'yan).  [Gr.] 

Venerable ;  reverend. 
Se-re'no,    )      [Lat.]     Calm  ; 
Se-re'nus.  J      peaceful. 
Seth.    [Heb.]    Appointed. 
Sig'is-mund.      [0.   H.  Ger.] 

Conquering  protection. 
Si'las.     [Lat.]    A  contraction 

of  Silvanus.  [a  wood. 

Silva'nus.    [Lat.]    Living  in 
Sil-ves'ter.     [Lat.]    Bred  in 

the  country  ;  rustic. 
Sim'e-on,  )    [Heb.]     Hearing 
Si'mon.     j    with  acceptance. 
S61'o-mon.  [Heb.]  Peaceable. 
Ste'phen  (ste'vn).     [Gr.]    A 

crown. 
Syl'van,       \     The  same  as 
Syl-va'nus.  J     Silvanus. 
Syl-ves'ter.       The  same  as 

Silvester. 


T. 

Thad'de-us.  [Syr.]  The  wise. 

"Rie'o-bald  (formerly  tlb/- 
ald).  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Bold  for 
the  people. 

The'o-dore.  [Gr.]  The  gift 
of  God. 

The-6d'o-ri€.  [A.-S.]  Power- 
ful among  the  people. 

The-6ph'i-lus.  [Gr.]  A  lover 
of  God. 

The'ron.    [Gr.]    A  hunter. 

Thom'as  (toui'as).  [Heb.]  A 
twin.  [God. 

Tim'o-thy.      [Gr.]      Fearing 

Tl'tus.  [Gr.]  (Uncertain.) 

To-bl'ah, )    [Heb.]       Distin- 

To-bl'as.  j  guished  of  the 
Lord. 

Tris'tam,    )    [Lat.]    Grave; 

Tris'tram. J  pensive  ;  mel- 
ancholy :  sorrowful ;  sad. 

Tyb'alt.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  A  con- 
traction of  Theobald. 

u. 

U-lys'se§.  [Gr.]  A  hater. 
Ur'ban.  [Lat.]    Of  the  town; 

courteous ;  polished. 
U-rl'ah.  [Heb.]    Light  of  the 

Lord.  [man. 

U'ri-an.    [Ban.]    A  husband- 
Tj'ri-el.  [Heb.]  Light  of  God. 

V. 

Val'en-tme.    [Lat.]  Strong  ; 

healthy  ;  powerful. 
Vie'tor.  [Lat.]  A  conqueror. 
Vm'gent.  [Lat.]  Conquering. 
Viv'i-an.  [Lat.]  Lively. 

w. 

Wal'ter.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Ruling 
the  host. 

Will'iam.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  Reso- 
lute helmet,  or,  helmet  of 
resolution  ;  defense  ;  pro- 
tector. 

Win'fred.  [A.-S.]  Win-peace. 

z. 

Zab'di-el.  [Heb.]  Gift  of 
God. 


a,  8,1, 6,  u,  y,  long ;  a,  e,  I,  o,  u,  J-,  short ;  care,  ear,  ask,  all,  what ;  ore,  veil,  tCrm  ;  pique,  firm  j 


COMMON   ENGLISH   CHRISTIAN  NAMES. 


327 


Za€-ehe'us.  [Heb.]  Inno- 
cent ;  pure. 

Za«h'a-rl'ah,  I     [Heb.]    R«- 

Za-eb/a-ry.  j  memberedof 
the  Lord. 

Za'dok.    [Heb.]    Just. 


ZSb'a-di'ah,  )  [Heb.]  Gift  of 
Zeb'e-dee.     [     the  Lord. 
Zeeh'a-rl'ah.    [Heb.]    Same 

asZACHARIAH. 

Zed'e-ki'ah.   [Heb.]    Justice 
of  the  Lord. 


Ze-160e§.     [Gr.]    A  zealot. 
Ze'nas.    [Gr.]    Gift   of  Ju, 

piter. 
Zeph'a-ni'ah.  [Heb.]  Hid  of 

the  Lord. 


II.    NAMES   OF  WOMEN. 


t   A. 

Ab'i-gail    (abl-gel).    [Heb.] 

My  father's  joy. 
A€h'sa.     [Heb.]    Anklet. 
JL'da.     [0.  H.  Ger.]    Same  as 

Edith.  [as  Adeline. 
Ad'a-llne.  [O.H.Ger.]  Same 
Ad'e-la.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Same  as 

Adeline,  [as  Adeline. 
Ad'e-laide.  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Same 
A-de'li-a     [0.  H.  Ger.]     A 

variation  of  Adela. 
Ad'e-11'na,  1  [0.  H.  Ger.]  Of 
Ad'e-lme.  /    noble  birth ;  a 

princess. 
Ag'a-tha.   [Gr.]  Good;  kind. 
Ag'neg.    [Gr.]  Chaste;  pure. 
Al'e-the'a.    [Gr.]    Truth. 
Al'ex-an'dra,      I  [Gr.] 

Al'ex-an-dri'na.  )  Feminine 

of  Alexander. 
Al'ice,  )     [0.   II. 

A-lic/i-a  (-llsh'T-). j         Ger.] 

Same  as  Adeline  . 
Al-ml'ra.     [Ar.]     Lofty  ;    a 

princess. 
Al-the'a.     [Gr.]    A  healer. 
Am'a-bel.     [Lat.]     Lovable; 

amiable.  [to  be  loved. 

A-man'da.     [Lat.]     Worthy 
A-me'li-a  (or  a-meel'ya).  [0. 

II.  Ger.]  Busy;  energetic. 
A'my.     [Lat.]     Beloved. 
An-gel'i-ea,  >  [Gr.j    Lovely; 
An'ge-ll'na.  )     angelic. 
Ann,     )  [Heb.]  Grace ;  —  the 
An'na,  J     same     as     Han- 
Anne.  )     naii. 
An-nette'.    [Heb.]    A  varia- 
tion of  Anne.      [Fr.  form.] 
An'toi-nette'.     [Gr.]     Dim. 

ofANTONlA.       [Fr.  form.] 


An-t5'ni-a,    )  [Lat.]    Inesti- 
An'to-m'na.  j     mable. 
Ar'a-bSl'la.     [Lat.]     A    fair 

altar ;  otherwise,  an  Arabian 
_  woman.  [of  ARIADNE. 

A'ri-an'a.  [Gr.]  A  corruption 
Au-gus'ta.    [Lat.]    Feminine 
"of  Augustus. 
Au-re'li-a      (or    aw-reel'ya). 
"[Lat.]    Feminine  of  AURE- 

LIUS. 
Au-ro'ra.      [Lat.]     Morning 

redness ;  fresh  ;  brilliant. 

B. 

Bar'ba-ra.      [Gr.]    Foreign ; 

strange. 
Be'a-trlce,  )    [Lat.]    Making 
Be'a-trix.  J     happy. 
Be-lin'da.     (  Uncertain. ) 
Ber'tha.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  Bright. 
Bet'sey.  [Heb.]  A  corruption 

of  Elizabeth. 

Bridg'et.    [Celt.]   Strength. 

c. 

■ea-mil'la.  [Lat.]  Attendant 
at  a  sacrifice. 

€ar'o-l!ne.  10.  H.  Ger.]  Fem- 
inine of  CAROLUS,  the  Latin 
of  Charles.  [Fr.  form.] 

■Gas-san'dra.  [Gr.]  She  who 
inflames  with  love. 

flath'a-rl'na, ) 

•Catb/a-rlne,  [  [Gr.}    Pure. 

■€ath'er-me.  ) 

Ce-Qil'i-a,  I  [Lat.]     Feminine 

Qec/i-ly.    J     of  Cecil. 

Ce-l&s'tine.  [Lat.]  Heavenly. 


Qe'li-a  (or  seel'ya).  [Lat.] 
Feminine  of  CCELIUS.  [It. 
form.] 

Char'i-ty.    [Eng.]    Love. 

ghar'lotte.  [O.U.  Ger.]  Fem. 
of  Charles.      [blooming. 

€hlo'e.  [Ger.  ]   A  green  herb ; 

■ehris'ti-an'a, )  [Gr.]     Fem. 

€hris-t'i'na.  j  of  Chris- 
tians, Lat.  for  Christian. 

CJc/e-ly.  [Lat.]  A  corruption 
of  Cecilia.  [trious. 

•Glar'a.    [Lat.]  Bright;  illus- 

■eiar'ige,     )  [Lat.]    A  varia- 

■eia-ris'sa.  J    tionof  Clara. 

■Glau'di-a.  [Lat.]  Feminine 
of  Claudius. 

■eiem'en-t'i'na,  1  [Lat.]  Mild ; 

•€lem'en-tine.    J     gentle. 

-GSn'stange.  [Lat.]  Firm ; 
constant. 

■Co'ra.  [Gr.]  Maiden; — an- 
other form  of  CORINNA. 

■€or-de'li-a  (or  -deel'ya). 
[Lat.]  Warm-hearted. 

■eo-rin'na.    [Gr.]    Maiden. 

-Gor-ne'li-a  (or  -neel'ya). 
[Lat.]  Feminine  of  Corne- 
lius. [Mfe.  Cynthus. 

Qyn'thi-a.  [Gr.]  Belonging  to 

D. 

Dgb'o-rah.     [Heb.]    A  bee. 
De'li-a  (or  deel'ya).  [Gr.]  Of 

Delos. 
Di-an'a.    [Lat.]    Goddess. 
Dl'nah.    [Heb.]    Judged. 
Do'ra.     [Gr.]     A  contraction 

of  Dorothea. 
Dor'eas-     [Gr.]     A  gazelle. 
Do-rin'da.     [Gr.]     Same  as 

Dorothea. 


son,  6r,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  9,  g,  soft;  €,  g,  hard;  as.  ;  exist ;  n.  as  ng  ;  this. 


328 

Dbr'o-the'a, 
Dor'o-thy. 


COMMON   ENGLISH   CHRISTIAN   NAMES. 


[Gr.l    The  gift 
of  God. 


E. 

E'dith.  LO.  H.  Ger.]    Happi- 

ness ;  otherwise,  rich  gift. 
Ed'na.     [Heb.]     Pleasure. 
£l'e-a-nor,  I  [Gr.]    Light ;  — 
El'i-nor.      j       the   same  as 

Helen. 
E-lis'a-beth, )  [Heb.]     Wor- 
E-liz'a-beth,  J  shiperofGod; 
E-11'za.  )  consecrated  to 

-  God.  [of  Eleanor. 

■$l'la.     [Gr.]    A    contraction 
El'len.     [Gr.]    A  diminutive 

OfELEANOR. 

El-vl'ra.     [Lat.]    White. 

fim'e-llne,     )    [0.  II.  Ger.] 

iSm'me-line. J  Energetic  ; 
industrious. 

Em'i-ly.     [0.  H.  Ger.]  Same 

was  Emeline. 

fim'ma.     [0.  IT.  Ger.]    Same 

_  as  Emeline. 

Er'nes-ti'ne.  [Ger.]  Femi- 
nine and  dim.  of  Ernest. 

Es'ther  (es'ter).  [Per.]  A 
star ;  good  fortune. 

Eth'el.  [0.  II.  Ger.]  Noble  ; 
of  noble  birth  ;  —  the  same 
as  Adela. 

fith'e-lmd,     )  [Teut.]  Noble 

Eth'e-lin'da.  J      snake. 

Eu-do'ra.     [Gr.]    Good  gift. 

Eu-ge'ni-a.  [Gr.]  Feminine 
of  Eugene. 

Eu-ge'nie  [Gr.]  Same  as 
Eugenia.     [Fr.  form.] 

Eu'nice.  [Gr.]  Happy  vic- 
tory^ [report. 

Eu-phe'mi-a.    [Gr.]  Of  good 

E'va.     [Heb.]     Life. 

E-van'ge-line.   [Gr.]  Bring- 

_  ing  glad  news. 

Eve.    [Heb.]    Same  as  Eva. 

Ev'e-11'na,  I  [Heb.]   Diminu- 

EVe-line.  J  tive  of  Eva. 
[It.  form.] 

F. 

Fan'ny.  [Ger.]  A  diminutive 

of  Frances. 
Faus-ti'na.    [Lat.]    Lucky. 
Fe-lic'i-a  (fe-lish'i-a).  [Lat.] 

Happiness 


Fl-de'li-a  (or -deel'ya).  [Lat.] 

Faithful. 
Flo'ra.     [Lat.]     Flowers. 
Fldr'eriQe.  [Lat.]   Blooming; 

flourishing.  [Francis. 

Fran'ces.  [Ger.]  Feminine  of 
Fred'er-I'-ea.     [0.   H.    Ger.] 

Feminine  of  Frederick. 

G. 

Ge6r/gi-an'a,  I  [Gr.]  Femi- 
Geor-g'i'na.  J  nine  of 
.  George.  [Gerald. 

Ger'al-dine.     Feminine     of 
Ger'trude.        [0.    H.    Ger.] 
Spear-maiden.         [heroine. 
Gri-sSl'da.     [Teut.]     Stone- 

H. 

Han'nah.    [Heb.]    The  same 

as  Anna. 
Har'ri-et,  )  [0.  II.  Ger.]  Fem- 
Har'ri-ot.  j    inine  and  dimin- 
utive of  Henry. 

Hen'ri-et'ta.  [0.  II.  Ger.] 
Feminine  and  diminutive  of 
Henry.  [Fr.  form.] 

Heph'zi-bah.  [Heb.]  My  de- 
light is  in  her. 

Hes'ter,  )    [Per.] 

Hes'ther  (hes'ter). }  The 
same  as  Esther. 

HHa'ri-a.  [Lat.]  Feminine 
of  Hilary. 

Ho-nd'ra,    )  [Lat.]     Honor- 

Ho-no'ri-a. J      able. 

Hor-ten'si-a  (hor-ten'shi-a). 
[Lat.]  A  lady  gardener. 

Hul'dah.    [Heb.]    A  weasel. 


I'da.     [0.  II.  Ger.]    Godlike. 
I'nez.  [Gr.]  Same  as  Agnes. 

[Portuguese  form.] 
I-re'ne.     [Gr.]     Peaceful. 
Is/a-bSl,       I  [Heb.]  The  same 
Is/a-bel'la.  )  asELizABETH. 

J. 

Jane.     [Heb.]     Feminine  of 

J  OHN  ;  —  same  as  J  oanna. 

Ja-net'  (in    Scot.  &    U.   S.), 


Jan'et  (in   Eng.).     [Heb.] 
Dim.  of  Jane. 
Jaq'ue-line.     [Heb.]     Femi- 
nine of  James.   [Fr.  form.] 
Jean,  )  [Heb.]     Same 

Jeanne,  A  as  Jane  or 
Jean-nette'. )     Joan.   [Fr. 

forms.] 
Je-mi'ma.     [Heb.]    A  dove. 
Je-ru'sha.  [Heb.]  Possessed; 
married. 

Jo-han'na.  j  "°o  of  John. 
Jo-se'pha,  I  [Heb.]  Fenii- 
Jo'se-phlne. )     nine  of  J  o- 

SEPH. 

Joyge.     [Lat.]    Sportive. 

Ju'dith.     [Heb.]     Praised. 

Jul'i-a  (or  jul'ya).  [Lat.]  Fem- 
inine of  Julius. 

Ju'li-an'na.  [Lat.]  Feminine 
of  Julian. 

Ju'li-et.  [Lat.]  Diminutive 
of  Julia.     [Fr.  form.] 

Jus-ti'na.  [Lat.]  Feminine 
of  Justin. 

K. 

Kath'a-rme, )  [Gr.]  The 
Kath'er-ine.  J  same  as 

Catharine. 
Ke-tu'rah.     [Heb.]    Incense. 
Ke-zi'ah.     [Heb.]     Cassia. 

L. 

Lau'ra.     [Lat.]    A  laurel. 

Lau-rin'da.  [Lat.]  A  varia- 
tion of  Laura. 

La-vin'i-a.  [Lat.]  Of  Latium. 

Le-D-no'ra.  [Gr.]  The  same 
as  Eleanor. 

Le-ti'ti-a  (le-tlsh/i-a).  [Lat.] 
Happiness.  [Letitia. 

Let'tlge.    A    corruption    of 

Lll'i-an,  )  rT„.  ,    T., 

Lil'ly.   'JtLat-]    Ll,y- 

Lo'is.  [Gr.]    Good ;  desirable. 

Lou-i'sa,   [  [0.  IL  Ger.]  Fem- 

Lpu-ise'.    j     inine  of  Louis. 

Lu'ci-a  (-shl-a).  [Lat.]  Same 
as  Lucy.     [It.  form  ] 

Lu-gin'da.  [Lat.]  Same  as 
Lucy. 

Lu-ere'ti-a  (-kre'shT-).  [Lat.] 
Gain  ;  otherwise,  light. 


i,  u,y,  long;  a,  e,  I, 6,  ti,  y,  short ;  care,  car,  ask,  all,  wh^t ;  ere,  veil,  term ;  pique,  firm 


R,6,I,0 


COMMON   ENGLISH   CHRISTIAN   NAMES. 


329 


Lu'gy.     [Lat.]     Feminine  of 

Lucius. 
Lyd'i-a.     [Gr.]    A  native  of 

Lydia,  in  Asia  Minor. 

M. 

Ma/bel.  [Lat.]  A  contraction 
of  AMABEL. 

Mad/e-lme.  [Heb.]  Same  as 
Magdalene.    [Fr.  form.] 

Mag'da-lene  (properly  nutg'- 
da-15'ne).  [Heb.]  Belong- 
ing to  Magdala. 

Mar-gel'la.  [Lat.]  Feminine 
of  Marcellus. 

Mar'ci-a  (-shi-).  Feminine 
of  Marcius. 

Mar'ga-ret.    [Gr.]    A  pearl. 

Ma-ri'a.  [Heb.]  The  6ame 
as  Mary.     [Lat.  form.] 

Ma/ri-anne'.  [Heb.]  A  com- 
pound of  Mary  and  Anne. 

Mar'i-on.  [Heb.]  A  French 
form  of  Mary. 

Mar'tha.  [Heb.]  The  ruler  of 
the  house  ;  otherwise,  sor- 
rowful ;  melancholy 

Ma'ry.  [Heb.]  Bitter;  other- 
wise, their  rebellion ;  or  star 
■  of  the  sea. 

Ma-thil'da  (-til'-),  )      [0.  H. 

Ma-til'da.  J       Ger.] 

Mighty  battle-maid. 

Maud.  A  contraction  of  Ma- 
thilda, or  of  Magda- 
lene. 

May.  The  month  of  May,  or 
a  diminutive  of  Mary. 

Me-hSt'a-bel,  1  [Heb.]  Bene- 

Me-hit'a-ble.   ]  fitedofGod. 

Mel'i-gent.  [Lat.]  Sweet 
singer  ;  othervjise  [Teut.], 
work-strength. 

Me-tfs'sa.    [Gr.]    A  bee. 

Mil'dred.  [Ger.]  Mild  threat- 
ener. 

Mi-ran'da.  [Lat.]  Admirable. 

Mir'i-am.  [Heb.]  Same  as 
Mary.  [or  laments. 

My'ra.  [Gr.J    She  who  weeps 

N. 

Nan'gy.    A  familiar  form  of 

Anne. 
No'ra.   A  contraction  of  Ho- 

nora,  and  of  Leonora. 


o. 


I  Sib'yl,        \  [Gr.]  A  prophet 
I  Si-byl'la.  }     ess. 
0-e-ta'vi-a.    [Lat.]   Feminine  |  So-phl'a.     [Gr.]    Wisdom. 


An  olive, 
'ya).  [Gr.] 


Of  OCTAVIUS 

Ol'lve,  lrr  ., 
O-Hv'i-a.  j  [Lat*] 
O-phe'li-a  (or  o-f( 

Serpent. 
0-lym'pi-a.  [Gr.]  Heavenly. 

P. 

Pau-11'na, )  [Lat.]  Feminine 
Pau-1'ine'.  J  ofPAULiNus. 
Pe-nel'o-pe.  [  Gr.]  A  weaver. 
Phe'be.  [Gr.]  The  same  as 
Phozbe.  [of  Philip. 

Phi-lip'pa.  [Gr.J  Feminine 
Phoe'be.  [Gr.]  Pure ;  radi- 
ant, [bough. 
Phyl'lis.  [Gr.]  A  green 
Pol'ly.  [Eng.]  A  variation  of 
Molly,  from  Mary.  [old. 
Pris-gil'la.  [Lat.]  Somewhat 

R. 

Ra'chel.    [Heb.]    A  ewe. 

Re-be<5'€a,  )  [Heb.]    Of  en- 

Re-bek'ah.  J  chanting 

beauty. 

Rho'da  (ro'da).  [Gr.]  A  rose. 

Ro'sa.     [Lat.]    A  rose. 

R6s/a-bel,      \  [Lat.]    A  fair 

Ros'a-bel'la.  )     rose. 

Ro-§a'li^a,  J  [Lat.]  Little  and 

R5s/a-lie.  )  blooming  rose. 
[Fr.  and  It.  formB.] 

R5§'a-lmd.  [Lat.]  Beauti- 
ful as  a  rose. 

RSs'a-mond.  [Teut.]  Horse- 
protection  ;  i.  e.,  famous 
protection.  [day. 

Rox-an'a.     [Per.]    Dawn   of 

Ruth.     [Heb.]    Beauty. 


s. 

[Lat.] 


A  Sabine 


Sa-bi'na. 

woman. 
Sa-16me'  (properly  sa-lo'me). 

[Heb.]    Peaceful. 

!t'rah.}rHeb-l    A  princess. 
Se-li'na.       [Gr.]       Parsley ; 

otherwise,  moon. 
Se-re'na.     [Lat.]     Feminine 

of  Serenus  or  Sereno. 


So-phrb'ni-a.      [Gr.J     Of  a 

sound  mind. 
Stel'la.     [Lat.]    A  star. 
Steph'a-na.    [Gr.]   Feminine 

of  Stephen. 
Su'san,  ) 

Su-san'na,      (  [Heb.]  A  lily. 
Su-gan'nah.   ) 

T. 

Tab'i-tha.    [Syr.]  A  gazelle. 

The'o-do'ra.  [Gr.]  Feminine 
of  Theodore. 

The'o-do'§i-a  (-do'zhT-a). 
[Gr.]    Gift  of  God. 

The-re'sa.  [Gr.]  Carrying 
ears  of  corn. 

ThSm'a-sa(tom'-), )   [Heb.] 

Th6m'a-§ine.  )     Femi- 

nine of  Thomas. 

Try-phe'na.  [Gr.]  Delicate; 
luxurious.        [ous ;  dainty. 

Try-pho'ga.    [Gr.]    Luxuri- 

u. 

fTl'ri-ea.    [0.  H.  Ger.]  Rich. 

U-ra'ni-a.    [Gr.]    Heavenly; 

—  name  of  one  of  the  Muses. 

ttr'su-la.    [Lat.]    She-bear. 

V. 

Va-le'ri-a.    [Lat.]    Feminine 

of  Valerius. 
Vi-e-to'ri-a.   [Lat.]   Victory; 

feminine  of  VICTOR. 
VT'o-la.     [Lat.]    A  violet. 
Vir-gin'i-a-     [Lat.]    Virgin; 

pure. 
Viv'i-an.     [Lat.]    Lively. 

w. 

Wn'hel-mii'ria.  [0.  H.  Ger.] 
Feminine  of  WlLHELM, 
German  of  William. 

Wm'i-fred.  [Teut.]  A  lover 
of  peace. 


z. 

Ze-no'bi-a.     [Gr.] 
life  from  Jupiter. 


Having 


s6n,  or,  do,  wolf,  too,  tdbk ;  urn,  rue,  pull ;  c,  g,  soft;  e,  g,  hard;  as. ;  exist ;  q  as  ng ;  fins- 


ABBREVIATIONS. 


(See  page  xii.) 


a.,or@.  (Ad.)    To  or  at. 
fi.,or  aa.     (Ana.,  Gr.  ava.) 

In  med. ,  Of  each  the  same 

quantity. 
A.  A.  G.   Assistant  Adjutant 

General. 
A.    A.    S.  (Academise  Amer- 
icana} Socius. )  Fellow  of  the 

American  Academy. 
A.  B.  (Artium  Baccalaureus.) 

Bachelor  of  Arts. 
A.  B.   C.  F.  M.      American 

Board  of  Commissioners  for 

Foreign  Missions. 
Abp.  Archbishop. 
A.  C.  (Ante Ciiristum.)  Before 

Christ. 
Ace.  or  Acct.     Account, 
Act.,  or  act.     Active. 
A.  D.  (Anno  Domini.)  In  the 

year  of  our  Lord.   - 
Ad    lib.    (Ad    libitum.)       At 

pleasure. 
Adm.    Admiral. 
Admr.    Administrator. 
Admx.     Administratrix. 
M.,  or  Ml.  (Miatis.)  Of  age  ; 

aged. 
AL,  or  Alu.     Alabama. 
A.    M.     (Artium    Mag inter.) 

Master     of     Arts. — (Ante 

Meridiem. )   Before  noon. 
Amer.    American. 
Amt.    Amount. 
Anon.    Anonymous. 
Ans.    Answer. 
Apr.    April. 
Ark.    Arkansas, 
Asst.     Assistant. 

A.  U  C.  (Ab  Urbe  Condita.) 
In  the  year  from  the  build- 
ing of  the  city,  t.  e.,  Rome. 

Aug.     August 
Av.    Avenue. 

B. 

b.    born. 

B.  A.  British  America ; 
Bachelor  of  Arts. 

Bart.,  or  Bt.    Baronet. 
(330) 


Bbl.    Barrel,  barrels. 
B.  C.    Before  Christ.     [Law. 
B.  C.  L.      Bachelor  of   Civil 
B.  D.     Bachelor  of  Divinity. 
Bd.     Bond ;  Bound. 
Bk.     Bank  ;  Book. 
B.  L.    Bachelor  of  Laws. 
Bl.     Barrel. 
Bp.     Bishop. 
Br.,  or  Bro.     Brother. 
Brig.     Brigade ;  Brigadier. 
Brig.-  Gen.       Brigadier-Gen- 
eral. 
Brit.    Britain  ;  British. 


C.    (Centum.)     A  hundred; 

Cent. 
Cal.  California;—  (Calendx.) 

Calends. 
Cant.    Canticles. 
Capt.     Captain. 
Cat.     Catalogue. 
Cath.     Catholic. 
C.  A.    S.     ( Connecticuttensis 

Academim  Social.)  Fellow  of 

the  Connecticut  Academy. 
C.  C.  P.    Court  of  Common 

Pleas. 
C.  E.      Canada    East ;    Civil 

Engineer. 
Cent.  (  Centum.)  A  hundred. 
Cf.  or  cf.  (  Confer.)  Compare. 
C.  H.    Court-House ;  Custom- 

House. 
Ch.    Church  ;  Chapter. 
Chap.     Chapter. 
Cliron.     Chronicles. 
C  J.     Chief  Justice. 
Cld.  or  eld.     Cleared. 
C.  M.    Common  Meter. 
Co.    Company  ;  County. 
C.  O.  D.      Cash  (or  Collect) 

on  Delivery. 
Col.     Colonel ;  Colossians. 
Coll.    College;  Collector. 
Comp.     Compare ;    Compara- 
tive ;  Compound. 
Con.  (Contra.)    Against;    In 

opposition. 
Con.,  or  Cr.    Contra;  Credit. 


Conn.,  Con.,  or  Ct.  Connec- 
ticut. 
Const.  Constable ;  Constitu- 
tor. Corinthians.  [tion. 
Cor.  Mem.  Corresponding 
Member.  [retary. 
Cor.  Sec.  Corresponding  Sec- 
Cos.  Cosine. 
C.  P.    Court     of     Probate ; 

Common  Pleas. 
Cr.     Credit;  Creditor. 
Crim.  Con.      Criminal    Con- 
versation, or  Adultery. 
C.  S.     Court  of   Sessions. — 
(Custos  Sigilli.)   Keeper  of 
the  Seal. 
Ct.      Connecticut ;      Count ; 
Court.  [A  hundred. 

Ct.,  or  ct.   Cent.  —  (  Centum.) 
Cts. ,  or  cts.     Cents. 

C.  W.     Canada  West. 

Cwt.,  or  cwt.  (Lat.  Centum, 
a  hundred,  and  English 
weight. )  A  hundred  weight. 

Cyc.     Cyclopasdia. 

D. 

D.,  or  d.    (Denarius  or  de- 
narii.)  A  penny,  or  pence. 
Dan.    Danish;  Daniel. 

D.  C.  District  of  Columbia. 
—  (Da  Capo.)  Again,  or 
From  the  beginning. 

D.  C.  L.  Doctor  of  Civil  (or 
Canon)  Law. 

D.  D.  (  Divinitatis  Doctor.) 
Doctor  of  Divinity 

Dea.    Deacon. 

Dec.    December. 

Deft.,  or  deft.    Defendant. 

Del.    Delaware ;  Delegate. 

Del.  (Delineavit.)  He  (or 
she)  drew  it ;  —  prefixed  to 
the  draughtsman's  name. 

Dep.     Deputy ;  Department. 

Dept.  Department ;  Depo- 
nent. 

Deut.    Deuteronomy. 

Dft.,  or  dft.     Defendant. 

D.  G.  (Dei  Gratia.)  By  the 
grace  of  God. 


Diet.    Dictionary. 

D.  M.    Doctor  of  Music. 
Do.,  or  do.      (Ditto.)      The 

same. 

Dols. ,  or  dols.    Dollars. 

Doz.,  or  doz.    Dozen. 

Dr.    Debtor;  Doctor;  Dram. 

Dwt.  (Lat.  Denarius  and 
English  weight.)  Penny- 
weight. 

E. 

E.  East ;  Earl. 

Eccl..  or  Eccles.  Ecclesiastes  ; 
Ecclesiastical. 

Ecclus.    Ecclesiasticus. 

Ed.    Editor;  Edition. 

E.  E.  Errors  excepted  ;  Ells 
English.  [example. 

e.  g.   (exempli  gratia.)      For 

E.  I.  East  Indies,  or  East 
India. 

E.  I.  C.  East  India  Company. 

E.  Lon.     East  longitude. 

E.  N.  E.     East-North-East. 

Eng.    England ;  English. 

Eph.    Ephesians ;  Ephraim. 

Esd.     Esdras. 

E.  S.  E.     East-South-East. 

Esq. ,  or  Esqr.    Esquire. 

Estli.     Esther. 

et  al.  (et  alibi.)  And  else- 
where.—  (et  alii,  or  alix.) 
And  others. 

Etc.,  etc.,  or  $"c.  (Et  aettri, 
aeterx,  or  cxtera.)  And 
others  ;  and  so  forth  ;  and 
the  like. 

et  seq.  (et  sequentes,  or  et 
sequentia. )  And  the  follow- 
ing. 

Ex.    Example;  Exodus. 

Exec,  or  Exr.    Executor. 

Execx.     Executrix. 

Exod.    Exodus. 

Ez..  or  Ezr.     Ezra. 

Ezek.    Ezekiel. 


F. 

Fahr.    Fahrenheit. 

F.  A.  S.  Fellow  of  the  So- 
ciety of  Arts. 

Feb.     February. 

Fee,  or  fee.  (Fecit.)  Ha  (or 
she)  did  it. 

Flor.    Florida. 

Fo..  or  Fol.    Folio. 


ABBREVIATIONS. 

Fr.     France ;  French. 

F.  R.  G.  S.      Fellow  of  the 

Royal  Geographical  Society. 
Fri.     Friday.  [Society. 

F.  R.  S.    Fellow  of  the  Royal 
F.  R.  S.  E.      Fellow    of   the 

Royal  Society ,  Edinburgh. 
F.  R.  S.  L.     Fellow    of    the 

Royal  Society  of  Literature. 

F.  S.  A.  Fellow  of  the  So- 
ciety of  Arts. 

Ft.,  or  ft.    Foot,  feet ;  Fort. 

G. 

Ga.     Georgia. 

Gal.    Galatians. 

Gal.,  or  gal.    Gallon,  gallons. 

G.  B.     Great  Britain. 

G.  C.  B.    Grand  Cross  of  the 

Bath. 
Gen.     Genesis ;  General. 
Gent      Gentleman. 
G*og.     Geography. 
Gov.     Governor. 
Gr.     Greek  ;  Gross. 
Gr.,  or  gr.    Grain,  grains. 

H. 

H. ,  or  h.    Hour,  hours. 

Hub.     Habakkuk. 

Hag.     Haggai. 

H.  B.  M.  His  (or  Her)  Bri- 
tannic Majesty. 

Hebr.     Hebrew ;  Hebrews. 

H.  E.  I.  C.  Honorable  East 
India  Company. 

Hhd  ,  or  hhd.     Hogshead. 

H.  I.  H.  His  (or  Her)  Im- 
perial Highness. 

H.  M.  S.  His  (or  Her)  Maj- 
esty's Steamer,  Ship,  or 
Service. 

Hon.     Honorable. 

Hos.     Hosea. 

H.  R.  House  of  Represent- 
atives. 

H.  R.  E.  Holy  Roman  Em- 
pire. 

H.  R.  H.  His  (or  Her)  Roy- 
al Highness. 

Hand.     Hundred. 


la.  Indiana.  [same  place. 
lb.,  Ibid.  (Ibidem.)  In  the 
Id.  (Idem.)  The  same.  [is. 
I.  e.,ori.  e.  (Id  est.)      That 


331 

I.  H.  S.  (Iesus  [or  Jesus] 
Hominum  Salvator.)  Jesus 
the  Savior  of  Men. 

111.    Illinois. 

In.    Inch,  inches. 

Ind.     Indiana. 

incog,  (incognito.)  Unknown. 

In  Urn.  (In  limine.)  At  the 
outset. 

I.  N.  R.  I.  (Iesus  [or  Jesus] 
Nazarenus,  Rex  Iudxo- 
rum  [or  Judxorum].)  Jesus 
of  Nazareth,    King  of  the 

mat.     Instant.  [Jews. 

Io.     Iowa. 

/.  O.  O.  F.  Independent 
Order  of  Odd  Fellows,     [as. 

i.  q.  (idem  quod.)     The  same 

Is.,  or  Isa.    Isaiah. 

It.,  or  Ital.    Italian  ;  Italic. 

J. 

J.    Judge. 

J.  A.    J  udge  Advocate. 

Jan.    January 

/.  C.    Jesus  Christ. 

/.  C.  D.  (Juris  Civilis  Doc- 
tor.) Doctor  of  Civil  Law. 

J.  D.  (Jurinn  Doctor.)  Doc- 
tor of  Laws.  . 

Jer.    Jeremiah. 

J.  P.    Justice  of  the  Peace. 

/.  Prob.  Judge  of  Probate. 

Jr.,  or  jr.    Junior. 

/.  U.  D.  (Juris  Utriusque 
Doctor.)  Doctor  of  Both 
Laws  (i.  e.,  the  Canon  and 
the  Civil  Law.) 

Jud.    Judith. 

Judg.    Judges. 

Jun.f  Junr.    Junior. 

K. 

K.    King. 

Kan.    Kansas. 

K.  C.     King's  Council. 

K.  C.  B.  Knight  Comman- 
der of  the  Bath. 

Ken.,  or  Ky.    Kentucky. 

K.  G.  C.  Knight  of  the 
Grand  Cross. 

Ki.    Kings. 

Knt.,  or  Kt.     Knight. 

Ky.    Kentucky. 


L.    Lady ;  Latin  ;  Lord, 


332 


ABBREVIATIONS. 


L.,  lb.,  or  ft.  {Libra.)  A 
pound,  in  weight.         [ling. 

L.,l.,  or  £.     A   pound    ster- 

La.     Louisiana. 

Lam.     Lamentations. 

Lat.     Latin. 

Lat.,  or  lat.     Latitude. 

Lb.,  lb.,  or  ft.  (Libra.)  A 
pound  in  weight. 

L.  C.     Lower  Canada. 

I.  c.  Lower  ease,  —{loco  cita- 
to.) In  the  place  before 
cited. 

L.  C.J.    Lord  Chief  Justice. 

Lei.     Lord. 

Lea.,  or  lea.     League. 

Lev.    Leviticus. 

L.  I.    Long  Island. 

Lieut.,  or  Lt.     Lieutenant. 

LL.B.  (Legum  Baccalaureus.) 
Bachelor  of  Laws. 
(Jgg^The   initial   letter    is 

doubled  to  signify  the  plural. 

LL.B.  (Legum  Doctor.)  Doc- 
tor of  Laws. 

Lon.,  Long.     Longitude. 

Lou.,  or  La.     Louisiana. 

Lp.,  or  Ldp.     Lordship. 

L.  S.  (Locus  Sigilli.)  Place 
of  the  Seal. 

L.  S.  D.,  or  I.  s.  d.  (Libra, 
Solid i,  Denarii.)  Pounds, 
Shillings,  Pence. 

Lt.     Lieutenant. 


M. 

M.  Marquis  ;  Monsieur.  — 
( Mille . )  Thousand.  —  ( Me- 
ridies.)     Meridian,  or  noon. 

M.,  or  m.     Mile,  miles. 

M.  A.    Master  of  Arts. 

Mac. ,  or  Mace.    Maccabees. 

Maj.    Major. 

Maj  .-Gen.     Major-General . 

Mai.    Malachi. 

Mar.     March. 

Mass.,  or  Ms.  Massachusetts. 

Matt.    Matthew. 

M.  B.  (Medicinx  Baccalaure- 
us. )    Bachelor  of  Medicine. 

M.  C.    Member  of  Congress. 

M.  D.  (Medicinx  Doctor.) 
Dootor  of  Medicine. 

Md.    Maryland. 

Mdlle.     Mademoiselle. 

M.  E.    Methodist  Episcopal. 

Me.     Maine. 

Mem.    Memorandum. 


Messrs. ,  or  MM.  (Messieurs.) 
Gentlemen ;  Sirs. 

Metk.     Methodist. 

Mi.    Mississippi. 

Mic.    Micah. 

Mick.     Michigan. 

Min.,  or  min.      Minute,  min- 

Minn.     Minnesota.         [utes. 

Miss.     Mississippi. 

Mile.     Mademoiselle. 

MM.  -Their  Majesties.— (Me s- 
sieurs. )  Gentlemen.  See 
LL.B. 

Mine.     Madame. 

Mo.    Missouri. 

Mo.,  or  mo.    Month. 

Mon.    Monday. 

Mons.     Monsieur,  or  Sir. 

Mos.,  or  mos.    Months. 

M.  P.  Member  of  Parlia- 
ment. 

Mr.    Master,  or  Mister. 

M.  R.  I.  Member  of  the 
Royal  Institution. 

Mrs.     Mistress,  or  Missis. 

MS.    Manuscript. 

MSS.     Manuscripts. 

Mt.     Mount,  or  Mountain. 

Mus.  D.,  Mus.  Doc,  or  Mus 
Doct.    Doctor  of  Music. 

N. 

JV.    North. 

JV. ,  or  n.     Noun  ;  Neuter. 

JV.  A.    North  America. 

Nah.    Nahum. 

Naut.    Nautical. 

JV.  B.  New  Brunswick.  — 
(Nota  Bene.)  Note  well,  or- 
take  notice. 

JV.  C.     North  Carolina. 

JV.  E.  North-East  ;  New 
England. 

Neb.     Nebraska. 

Neh.     Nehemiah. 

Nem.  Con.  (Nemine  Contra- 
dicente.)  No  one  contra- 
dicting ;  unanimously. 

Nem.  Diss.  (Nemine  Dissen- 
tiente.)    No  one  dissenting. 

Neut.,  or  neut.     Neuter. 

JV.  F.     Newfoundland. 

JV.  H.     New  Hampshire. 

JV.  J.     New  Jersey. 

JV.  Lat.     North  Latitude. 

JV.  JV.  E.     North-North-East. 

JV.  JV.  W.  North-North-West, 

JVo.,  or  no.  (Numero.)  Num- 
ber 


JVon  Pros.,  or  Non  pros. 
(Non  Prosequitur).  He  does 
not  prosecute  ;  —  a  judg- 
ment entered  against  the 
plaintiff  when  he  does  not 
appear  to  prosecute. 

Non  seq.,  or  non  seq.  (Non 
sequitur.)  lt  does  not  fol- 
low. 

Nos.,  or  nos.    Numbers. 

Nov.     November. 

JV.  P.  New  Providence;  No- 
tary Public. 

JV.  S.  Nova  Scotia ;  New 
Style  (since  1752). 

JV.  T.     New  Testament. 

Num.,  or  Numb.    Numbers. 

JV,  W.     North-West. 

JV.  Y.     New  York. 

o. 

O.     Ohio. 

Ob.,  or  ob.  (  Obiit.)    Died. 

Obad.     Obadiah. 

Obt.,  or  Obdt.    Obedient. 

Oct.     October. 

Olym.    Olympiad. 

Or.     Oregon. 

O.  S.     Old  Style  (previous  to 

1752). 
O.  T.     Old  Testament. 
Oz.,  or  oz    Ounce,  or  ounces. 

I^*  The  z  is  here  used  to 
represent  the  character  7-, , 
anciently  an  abbreviation  for 
terminations. 

P. 

P. ,  or  p.     Page  ;  Part ;  Pipe. 

Pa.     Pennsylvania. 

Pass.,  or  pass.     Passive. 

Pd.     Paid. 

P.  E.  I.  Prince  Edward 
Island. 

Penn.     Pennsylvania. 

Per  an.,  or  per  an.  (Per  an- 
num.)   By  the  year. 

Per  cent., per  cent.,  Per  ct.,  or 
per  ct.  (Per  centum.)  By  the 
hundred. 

Ph.  D.  (Philosophise  Doctor.) 
Doctor  of  Philosophy. 

Phil.  Philippians;  Philemon. 

Phila.     Philadelphia. 

Pinx.,  or  Pjct.  (Pinxit.)  He 
(or  she)  painted  it. 

Ph. ,  or  pk.     Peck. 

Plff.    Plaintiff. 


P.M.  Post-Master.—  {Post 
Meridiem . )    Afternoon. 

P.  O.    Post-Office. 

Pos.,  pos.,  Poss.,  or  poss. 
Possessive. 

pp.     Pages.     See  LL.B. 

Pph.,  or  pph.     Pamphlet. 

Pre*.     President. 

Prof.     Professor. 

Pro  tem.,  or  pro  tern.  (Pro 
tempore.)     For     the     time 

Prov.    Proverbs.  [being. 

Prox.  { Proximo. )    Next. 

P.  S.  {Post  scriptum.)  Post- 
Pi.,  Psalm,  or  Psalms,  [script. 

Pt.    Pint;  Point;  Port. 

Pwt.,  or  pwt.    Pennyweight. 

Q. 

Q.     Question,    [tion;  Queen. 

Q.,  or   Qu.      Query;    Ques- 

Q.  C.     Queen's  Council. 

Q.  d .  (  Quasi  dicat. )  As  if  he 
should  say. 

q.  E.  D.  (  Quod  Prat  Demon- 
strandum.) Which  was  to 
be  demonstrated.    [General. 

Q.   M.    G.      Quartermaster- 

Qr.,  or  qr.  Quarter  (28 
pounds);   Farthing;  Quire. 

Qt. ,  or  qt.    Quart ;  Quantity. 

Q.  t\,or  q.  v.  {Quod  vide.) 
Which  see. 

Qy.    Query. 


R.  A.  Royal  Academy,  or 
Academician. 

R.  E.     Royal  Engineers. 

Rec.  Sec.  Recording  Secre- 
tary. 

Rev.  Revelation ;  Revolu- 
tion ;  Review ;  Revenue ; 
Reverend. 

R.  I.    Rhode  Tsland. 

R.  N.    Royal  Navy. 

Rom.    Roman ;  Romans. 

Rom.  Cath.   Roman  Catholic. 

R.  R.    Railroad. 

Rt.  Hon.    Right  Honorable. 

Rt.  Rev.    Right  Reverend. 

S. 

S.    South;  Shilling. 
S.  A.     South  America. 
Sam.     Samuel. 
Sat.     Saturday. 
S.  C.    South  Carolina. 


ABBREVIATIONS. 

Sc,  or  Sculp.    (Sculpsit.)  He 

(or  she)  engraved  it. 
Sch.,  or  Schr.     Schooner. 
Scil.,  or  Sc.  {  Scilicet. )  To  wit ; 
S.  E.    South-East,    [namely. 
Sec.     Secretary. 
Sec,  or  sec.   Second;  Section. 
Sen.  Senate  ;  Senator  ;  Senior. 
Sep. ,  or  Sept.     September. 
IServ.,  or  Servt.     Servant. 
S.  H.  S.      (Societatis  Histo- 
ric Socius. )     Fellow  of  the 
Historical  Society.     [Court. 
S.  J.  C.       Supreme    Judicial 
S.  Lat.     South  Latitude. 
Sid.,  or  sld.     Sailed. 
S.  M.     Short  Meter. 
Soc.     Society. 

Sq.  ft. ,  or  57.  ft.    Square  feet. 
Sq.   in.,  or  sq.   in.      Square 
inches.  [miles. 

Sq.  m.,  or  57.  m.       Square 
5 S.,  or  55.  (Scilicet.)    Name- 
ly.— (Semis.)    Half. 
S.  S.  E.     South-South-East. 
S.  S.  W.    Bouth-South-West. 
St.     Saint ;  Street ;  Strait. 
5.  T.  D.     (SacrBS    Theologize 
Doctor.)    Doctor  of  Divin- 
ity. 
S.  T.  P.      (Sacrse   Theologim 
Professor. )      Professor     of 
Theology. 
Su.,  or  Sun.     Sunday. 
Subj.,  or  subj.     Subjunctive. 
Supt.     Superintendent. 
Surg.    Surgeon;  Surgery. 
S.  W.    South-West. 

T. 

Ten. ,  or  Tenn.    Tennessee. 

Tex.    Texas. 

Thess.     Thessalonians. 

Thurs.     Thursday. 

Tim.     Timothy. 

Tit.     Titus. 

Tr.     Transpose. 

Tu.,  or  Tues.    Tuesday. 

U. 

U.  C.    Upper  Canada. 

Ult.,  or  idt.   (Ultimo.)    Last, 

or  of  the  last  month. 
U.  S.  United  States. 
V.  S.  A.     United    States    of 

America ;      United      States 

Army. 
U.  S.  M.  United  States  Mail ; 

United  States  Marine. 


333 

U.  S.  N.  United  States  Navy. 
U.  S.  V.      United  States  Vol- 
unteers. 
U.  T.    Utah  Territory. 

V. 

V.    Verb ;  Verse. 

V.  a.,  or  v.  a.    Verb  active. 

Va.    Virginia. 

Vice  Pres.    Vice  President. 

Vid. ,  or  vid.  (Vide.)  See. 

Vis.,  or  Vise.     Viscount. 

Viz.,    or    viz.         (Videlicet.) 

Namely  ;  To  wit.    [See  Note 

under  Oz.] 
V.  n.,  or  t?.  n.    Verb  neuter. 
Vol. ,  or  vol.    Volume. 
V.   R.       (Victoria     Regina.) 

Queen  Victoria. 
75.,  or  vs.  (  Versus.)    Against, 

or  In  opposition. 
Vt.    Vermont. 

W. 

W.    West;  WTelsh. 
Wed.    Wednesday. 
W.  I.    West  Indies. 
W(5.,or  W?5c.     Wisconsin. 
W.  Lon.     West  Longitude. 
W.  Va.     West  Virginia. 
W.  N.  W.    West-North- West. 
W.  S.  W.    West-South- West. 
Wt.,  or  wt.     Weight. 

X. 

X.,  or  Xt.    Christ. 
Xmas.    Christmas. 


Yd.,  or  yd.     Yard. 
Ye,  or  ye.     The. 

(&y  The  y  in  this  abbre- 
viation is  a  corrupt  represen- 
tation of  the  Anglo-Saxon  £>, 
or  th,  introduced  at  the  time 
when  the  Anglo-Saxon  alpha- 
bet was  superseded  by  the 
Old  English  or  Black  Letter, 
in  which  jj  (?/)  bore  a  consid- 
erable resemblance  in  form  to 

P- 

Z. 

Zach.  Zachary. 

Zech.  Zechariah. 

Zeph.  Zephaniah. 

Zobl.  Zoology. 


WORDS,  PHRASES,  PROVERBS,  ETC., 

FROM 

THE  GREEK,  THE  LATIN,  AND  MODERN  FOREIGN  LANGUAGES, 

RENDERED    INTO    ENGLISH. 


NOTE.  —  L.Latin;  Fr.  French  ;  It.  Italian;  Sp.  Spanish  ;   Gr.  Greek. 


A. 

X  la  Francaise.  [Fr.]  After 
the  French  mode  ;  —  la 
mode,  in  fashion  ;  —  VAn- 
glaise,  after  the  English 
fashion 

A  fortiori.  [L.]  With  stronger 
reason; — mensa  et  tkoro, 
from  bed  and  board  ;  — pos- 
teriori, from  the  effect  to  the 
cause: — priori,  from  the 
cause  to  the  effect; — vin- 
culo matrimonii,  from  tho 
tie  of  marriage. 

Abandon.  [Fr.]  Disregard  of 
self,  or  of  appearances. 

Ab  extra.  [L.]  From  without ; 

—  initio,  from  the  begin- 
ning ;  —  intra,  from  within  ; 

—  uno  disce  omnes,  from 
one  learn  all ;  from  a  sin- 
gle instance  infer  the  whole. 

Ad  eundem  (sc  gradum).  [L.] 
To  the  same  degree  ;  — homi- 
nem,  to  the  man  ;  that  is,  to 
his  interests  and  passions ; 

—  infinitum,  to  infinity  ;  — 
interim,  in  the  mean  while  ; 

—  libitum,  at  pleasure  ;  — 
nauseam,  to  disgust. 

Adscriptus  glebx.  [L.]  Be- 
longing or  attached  to  the 
soil. 

Agenda.  [L.]  Things  to  be 
done..     - 

Alere  fiammam.  [L.J  To  feed 
the  flame. 

Alis  volat  propnis.  [L.]  She 
flies  with  her  own  wings  ;  — 
motto  of  Oregon.        [come. 

Allons.      [Fr.]      Let    us    go; 

Alma  mater.  [L.]  A  foster- 
ing mother. 

Alter  ego.  [L.]  Another  self. 
(334) 


Amende  honorable.  [Fr.]  Sat- 
isfactory apology. 

Amour  propre.  [Fr.]  Self- 
love  ;  vanity. 

Anglicc.  [L.]  According  to  the 
English  manner. 

Anno  xtatis  sux.  [L.]  In  the 
year  of  his  or  her  age  ;  — 
Christi,  in  the  year  of 
Christ ;  —  Do?nini,  in  the 
year  of  our  Lord  ;  —  mundi, 
in  the  year  of  the  world  ;  — 
urbis  conditx,  in  the  year 
the  city  (Rome)  was  built. 

xAnte  bellum.  [L.]  Before  the 
war; —  meridiem,  before 
noon. 

Appm.  [Fr.]  Point  of  support. 

Aqua  vitx.  [L.]  Brandy  ; 
spirit ;  alcohol. 

Arbiter  elegantiarum  [L.]  An 
umpire  in  matters  of  taste 

Argumentum  ad  hominem. 
[L.]  An  argument  deriving 
its  force  from  the  situation 
of  the  person  to  whom  it  is 
addressed       [artist's  room. 

Atelier.  [Fr.]  A  workshop,  or 

Aucontraire.  [Fr.]  On  thecon- 
trary  ;  -  -fait,  well  instruct- 
ed ;  expert ;  —  revoir,  adieu 
until  we  meet  again. 

B. 

Bas  bleu.  [Fr.]  A  blue-stocking. 

Beau  monde.  [Fr.]  The  fash- 
ionable world. 

Beaux  esprits.  [Fr.]  Gay  spir- 
its; men  of  wit.  [mind. 

Bel  esprit.     [Fr.]     A  brilliant 

Ben  trovato.  [It.]  Well  found  ; 
a  happy  invention. 

BSte  noir.    [Fr.]    A  bugbear. 

Bijou.     [Fr.]    A  jewel. 


Billetdoux.  [Fr.]  A  love-letter. 

Bizarre.  [Fr.]  Odd ;  fantastic. 

Blase.  [Fr.]  Pallid  ;  surfeited  ; 
rendered  incapable  of  con- 
tinued enjoyment. 

Bona  fide.  [L.]  In  good  faith. 

Bon  boa.  [Fr.]  A  sugar-plum  ; 
— jour,  good  day;  good 
morning  ;  — 5 oir,  good  even- 
ing. 

Bonhomie.  [Fr.]  Good-natured 
simplicity. 

Boulevard.  [Fr.]  A  public 
walk  or  street  occupying  tho 
site  of  demolished  fortifica- 
tions. 

Bouleversement.  [Fr.]  An 
overturning  ;  subversion. 

Bourgeois.  [Fr.]  A  man  of 
middle  rank  in  society. 

Bourgeoisie.  [Fr.]  Middle 
classes  of  society  ;  traders. 

Broehure.  [Fr.]  A  pamphlet. 

Brusque.  [Fr.]  Rude ;  blunt. 

Brutum  fuhnen.  [L.]  A  harm- 
less thunderbolt. 


Caco'Cthes    loquendi.     [L.J     A 

rage  for  speaking  ;  — scriben- 

di,  an  itch  for  scribbling. 
Cxteris  paribus      [L.]     Other 

things  being  equal. 
Cafe.  [Fr.]    A  coffee-house. 
Calcche.     [Fr.]     A  half-coach 

or  calash 
Canaille.    [Fr.]    The  rabble. 
Cantalrice.     [It.]      A    female 

professional  singer. 
Caput    mortuum      [L.]    The 

worthless  remains. 
Casus  belli.    [L.]    That  which 

involves  or  justifies  war. 
Catalogue  raisonne'.    [Fr.]    A 


WORDS    PHRASES,   PROVERBS,   ETC. 


335 


catalogue  of  books  arranged 
according  to  their  subjects. 

Caveat  emptor.  [L.]  Let  the 
buyer  beware. 

Chapeaubas.  [Fr.]  Hats  off; 
—  bras,  a    military    cocked 

.  hat. 

Charge  d'affaires.  [Fr.]  An 
inferior  diplomatic  repre- 
sentative at  a  foreign  court. 

Charivari.  [Fr.]  A  mock  sere- 
nade of  discordant  music. 

Chateaux  en  Espagne.  [Fr.] 
Castles  in  Spain,  the  land 
of  romance  ;  castles  in  the 
air.  [piece. 

Chef-d/oeuvre.  [Fr.]  A  master- 

Ckcre  amie.  [Fr.]  A  dear 
friend ;  a  mistress. 

Chevalier  d'industrie.  [Fr.] 
One  who  lives  by  persever- 
ing fraud.  [former. 

Ci-devant.    [Fr.]     Formerly ; 

Circa,  or  Circiter.  [L.]  About. 

Citoyen.  [Fr.]  A  citizen  ;  a 
burgher. 

Coiffeur.  [Fr.]  A  hair-dresser. 

Comme  il  faut.  [Fr.]  As  it 
should  be. 

Compos  mentis.  [L.]  Of  a 
sound  mind. 

Con  amore.  [It.]  With  love  ; 
earnestly. 

Confrere.  [Fr.]  A  brother  ;  an 
associate. 

Conge  d'clire.  [Fr.]  A  leave 
to  elect. 

Contretemps.  [Fr.]  An  awk- 
ward mishap  or  accident. 

Conversazione.  [It.]  A  meet- 
ing of  company  for  conver- 
sation. 

Cordon  sanitaire.  [Fr.]  Aline 
of  troops  to  prevent  the 
spreading  of  pestilence. 

Corps  diplomatique.  [Fr.]  A 
diplomatic  body. 

Corpus  delicti.  [L.]  The  sub- 
stance or  foundation  of  the 
offense 

Corrigenda.  [L.]  Typograph- 
ical errors  to  be  corrected. 

Coup  d'etat.  [Fr.]  A  stroke  of 
policy  in  public  affairs ;  — de 
grace,  a  finishing  stroke  ;  — 
de  main,  a  sudden  enterprise 
or  effort  ;  —  de  soleil,  a 
stroke  of  the  sun. 

Crescite,  et  multiplicamini. 
[L.]   Grow,  or  increase,  and 


multiply ;  —  the    motto    of 

Maryland. 
Crevasse.  [Fr.]  A  deep  crevice ; 

a  breach. 
Crimen  Ixsx  majestatis.     [L.] 

High  treason. 
Crux    criti.corum.     [L.]      The 

puzzle  of  critics  ;  —  mathe- 

maticorum,   the   puzzle   of 

mathematicians. 
Cui  bono  ?     [L.]     For  whose 

benefit  ?      Colloquially,  but 

erroneously,  of  what  use? 
Cuisine.     [Fr.]     A    kitchen ; 

cookery. 
Cum  grano  salt's.    [L.]    With 

a  grain  of  salt;  with  some 

allowance    ;    —    privilegio, 

with  privilege. 
Currente  calamo.  [L.]  With  a 

running  or  rapid  pen. 
Custos  rotulorum.  [L.]  Keeper 

of  the  rolls. 

D. 

De  gustibus  non  est  dispu- 
tandum.  [L.]  There  is  no 
disputing  about  tastes ;  — 
jure,  from  the  law  ;  by 
right;—  mortuis  nil  nisi 
bonum,  say  nothing  but 
good  of  the  dead  ;  —  novo, 
anew  ;  — profundis,  out  of 
the  depths. 

De  trop.  [Fr.]  Too  much,  or 
too  many  ;  not  wanted. 

Dei  gratia.  [L.]  By  the  grace 
of  God. 

Demi-monde.  [Fr.]  Disrepu- 
table female  society  ;  aban- 
doned women. 

Deo  gratias.  [L.]  Thanks  to 
God ;  — volente,  God  willing. 

Dernier  ressort.  [Fr.]  A  last 
resource. 

Deus  ex  machina.  [L.]  A  god 
coming  down  from  the 
staging  (of  a  theater) ;  an 
unexpected  and  fortunate 
occurrence. 

Diesirx.    [L.]    Day  of  wrath; 

—  non,    a    day    on    which 
judges  do  not  sit. 

Dieu  defend  le  droit.  [Fr.] 
God  defends  the  right ;  —  et 
mon  droit,  God  and  my 
right. 

Dirigo.  [L.]  I  direct  or  guide ; 

—  the  motto  of  Maine. 


Disjecta  membra.  [L.]  Scat- 
tered limbs  or  remains. 

Distingue.  [Fr.]  Distinguish- 
ed ;  eminent. 

Distrait.  [Fr.]  Absent  in 
thought. 

Dolce  far  niente.  [It.]  Sweet 
doing-nothing ;  sweet  idle- 
ness. 

Dominus  vobiscum.  [L.]  The 
Lord  be  with  you. 

Double  entente.  [Fr.]  Double 
meaning  ;  a  play  on  words. 

Douceur.    [Fr.]    A  bribe. 

Dramatis  per sonx.  [L.]  Char- 
acters represented  in  a 
drama. 

Dulce  ft  decorum  est  pro  pa- 
tria  mori.  [L.]  It  is  sweet 
and  honorable  to  die  lot 
one's  country. 

Dum  vivimus,  vivamus.  [h.] 
While  we  live,  let  us  live. 

Durante  beneplacito.  [L.] 
During  good  pleasure ;  — 
vita,  during  life. 

E. 

Eau  de  vie.  [Fr.]  Water  of 
life ;  brandy. 

Ecce  homo.  [L.]  Behold  the 
man  ;  —  applied  specifically 
to  any  picture  representing 
the  Savior  given  up  to  the 
people  by  Pilate,  and  wear- 
ing the  crown  of  thorns. 

E  pluribus  unum.  [L.]  Ono 
out  of  many  ;  one  composed 
of  many  ;  —  the  motto  of  the 
United  States. 

Editio  princeps.  [L.]  The  first 
edition. 

Egalilc.  [Fr.]  Equality. 

Eleve.  [Fr.]  A  pupil ;  a  foster 
child. 

Elite.  [Fr.]  A  choice  or  select 
body  of  persons.  [tion. 

Eloge.     [Fr.]     A  funeral  ora- 

Emeute.  [Fr.]  A  riot;  a  mob. 

Employe.  [Fr.]  One  who  is 
employed. 

Enarricre.  [Fr.]  In  the  rear; 
— famille,  in  a  domestic 
state  ;  —  passant,  in  pass- 
ing ;  by  the  way  ;  —  rapport, 
in  a  condition  or  relation 
of  sympathy  ;  in  a  condition 
to  admit  of  free  communica- 
tion;—  route,  on  the  way. 


336 


WORDS,   PHRASES,   PROVERBS,   ETC. 


Enceinte.  [Ft.]  Pregnant. 

Enfans  per  a  us.  [Fr.]  Lost 
children;  a  forlorn  hope. 

Ense  petit  placidam  sub  liber- 
tate  quietem.  [L.]  With  the 
sword  she  seeks  quiet  peace 
under  liberty  ;  —  the  motto 
of  Massachusetts. 

Entente  cordiale.  [Fr.]  Evi- 
dences of  good  will,  ex- 
changed by  the  chief  persons 
of  two  states.        [ourselves. 

Entre    nous.     [Fr.]    Between 

Entree.  [Fr.]  Entry ;  first 
course  at  table. 

Entrepot.  [Fr.]  A  bonded 
warehouse  ;  a  free  port. 

Ergo.    [L.]     Therefore. 

Esprit  de  corps.  [Fr.]  The 
animating  spirit  of  a  collec- 
tive body.  [perpetual. 

Esto  perpetua.    [L.]    Let  it  be 

Et  cum  spiritu  tuo.  [L.]  And 
with  thy  spirit ;  —  id  genus 
omne,  and  every  thing  of 
the  sort ;  — sic  de  similibus, 
and  so  of  the  like; — tu, 
Brute !  and  thou  also, 
Brutus ! 

Eureka  (evpnua,  hQ-re'ka.) 
[Gr.]  I  have  found  it; — the 
motto  of  California. 

Ex  animo.  [L.]  Heartily;  — 
cathedra,  from  the  bench  ; 
with  high  authority; — of- 
ficio, by  virtue  of  his  office ; 
— parte,  on  one  side  only  ; 
—  pede  Herculem,  we  recog- 
nize a  Hercules  from  the 
size  of  the  foot ;  that  is,  we 
judge  of  the  whole  from  the 
specimen: — post  facto,  after 
the  deed  is  done. 

Excelsior.  [L.]  Higher;  more 
elevated  ;  —  the  motto  of 
New  York. 

Excerpta.  [L.]  Extracts. 

Exempli  gratia.  [L.]  By  way 
of  example. 

Exeunt  omnes.  [L.]  All  go  out. 

Expose.  [Fr.]  An  exposition. 

F. 

Facile  princeps.  [L.]  Evident- 
ly pre-eminent ;  the  admit- 
ted chief. 

Faubourg.  [Fr.]  A  suburb. 

Fauleuil.  [Fr.]  An  easy  chair. 

Faux  pas.  [Fr.]    A  false  step. 


Fecit.  [L.]  He  made  it. 

Femme  couverte.  [Fr.]  A  mar- 
ried woman  ; —  de  ckambre, 
a  chambermaid. 

Festina  lentd.  [L.]  Hasten 
slowly.  [festival. 

Fete  champetre.  [Fr.]  A  rural 

Feu  de  joie.  [Fr.]  A  firing  of 
guns  in  token  of  joy ;  a 
bonfire. 

Feuilleton.  [Fr.]  Bottom  part 
of  a  French  newspaper, 
separated  by  a  line  from  the 
rest,  and  devoted  to  light 
literature,  criticism,  &c. 

Fiacre.  [Fr.]  A  hack. 

Fidei  defensor.  [L.]  Defender 
of  the  faith. 

Fille  de  cliambre.  [Fr.]  A 
chambermaid  ;  —  de  joie,  a 
prostitute. 

Flagrante  bello.  [L.]  During 
hostilities  ;  —  delicto,  in  the 
commission  of  the  crime. 

Fortiter  inre.  [L.]  With  firm- 
ness in  acting. 

Friseur.  [Fr.]    A  hair-dresser. 

Fuit  Ilium.  [L.]  Troy  has 
been. 

Fusillade.  [Fr.]  A  simultane- 
ous discharge  of  fire-arms. 

G. 

Gallicd.    [L.]   In  French. 
Garcon.     [Fr.]    A  boy,  or  a 

waiter. 
Garde  du  corps.  [Fr.]  A  body 

guard; — mobile,  a    guard 

liable  to  general  service. 
Genius  loci.    [L.]    The  genius 

of  the  place.  [police. 

Gens  d'armes.     [Fr.]    Armed 
Gloria  in  excelsis.  [L.]    Glory 

to  God  in   the   highest ;  — 

Patri,    glory    be      to      the 

Father. 
TvobOi  o-eavTo'v  (  Gnothi  seau- 

ton).  [Gr.]  Know  thyself. 

H. 

Haud   passibus    tequis.     [L.] 

Not  with  equal  steps. 
Haut  gout.  [Fr.]  High  flavor; 

fine  or  elegant  taste. 
Haute    nouveaute.     [Fr.]     A 

great  novelty. 
Hie  et  ubiaue.    [L.]    Here  and 

everywhere ;  —  jacet,    here 


lies  ;  —  labor,  hoc  opus  est, 
this  is  labor,  this  is  work. 

Hoc  age.  [L.]  Do  this  ;  —  an- 
no, in  this  year  ;  —  loco,  in 
this  place; — tempore,  at 
this  time. 

Honi  soit  qui  mal  y  pense. 
[Fr.]  Shame  on  him  who 
evil  thinks. 

Hora  e  sempre.  [It.]  It  is 
always  time. 

Hors  de.  combat.  [Fr.]  Out  of 
condition  to  fight. 

Humanum  est  errare.  [L.] 
To  err  is  human. 

I. 

Ichdien.    [German.]   I  serve. 

Id  est.  [I,.]  That  is  ;  —  g$- 
nus  omne,  all  of  that  sort. 

Imprimatur.  [L.]  Let  it  be 
printed ;  —  a  license  to  print 
a  book,  &c. 

Improvvisatore.  [It.]  An  im- 
promptu poet. 

Improvvisatrice.  [It.]  An  im- 
promptu poetess. 

Inxternum.      [L.]    Forever; 

—  articulo  mortis,  at  the 
point  of  death  ;  —  commen- 
dam,  in  trust;  —  curia,  in 
the  court ;  —  equilibrio,  in 
equilibrium  ;  —  esse,  in  be- 
ing ;  —  extremis,  at  the 
point  of  death  ;  — flagrante 
delicto,  taken  in  the  fact; 
— forma  pauptris,  as  a  poor 
man;  — foro  conscientise, 
before  the  tribunal  of  con- 
science ; —  futuro,  in  fu- 
ture ;  henceforth  ;  —  hoc  sig- 
no  vinces,  in  this  sign,  or 
under  this  standard,  thou 
shalt  conquer  ;  —  limine,  at 
the  threshold  ;  —  loco,  in 
the  proper  place  ;  —  loco  pa- 
rentis, in  the  place  of  a  pa- 
rent ;  —  medias  res, into  the 
midst  of  things,  or  affairs  ; 

—  medio  tuiissimus  ibis, 
you  will  go  most  safely  in 
the  middle  ;  —  memoriam, 
in  memory;  —  nubibus,  in 
the  clouds  ;  —  perpetuum, 
forever; — posse, in  possible 
existence  ;  —propria  perso- 
na, in  person  ; — puris  natu- 
ralibus,  quite  naked ;  —  re, 
in   the   matter   of ;  —  rem, 


agaii 

x.vru 


WORDS,   PHRASES,   PROVERBS,   ETC.  -         337 


against  the  thing ;  —  sxcula 
sxculorum,  for  ages  on  ages ; 
—  situ,  in  its  original  situa- 
tion;—  statu  quo,  in  the 
former  state ;  —  terrorem,  as 
a  warning; — toto,  in  the 
•whole;  entirely  ; — totidem 
verbis,  in  so  many  words ;  — 
transitu,  on  the  passage  ;  — 
usum  DHphini,  for  the  use 
of  the  Dauphin  ;  —  utrum- 
que  paratus,  prepared  for 
either  event;  —  vacuo,  in 
empty  space; — verba  ma- 
gi stri  jurare,  to  swear  to, 
or  by,  the  words  of  another  ; 
to  adopt  opinions  on  the  au- 
thority of  another  ;  —  vino 
Veritas,  there  is  truth  in 
wine. 

Infanta.  [Sp.]  A  princess  of 
the  blood  royal  in  Spain 
and  Portugal. 

Infante.  [Sp.]  Any  son  of 
the  king,  except  the  eldest, 
or  heir  apparent. 

Insouciance.  [Fr.]  Indiffer- 
ence ;  carelessness. 

Inter  alia.  [L.]  Among  other 
things  ;  —  nos,  between  our- 


Invita.  Minerva.  [L.]  Without 

genius.  [said  it. 

Ipse  dixit.     [L.]    He  himself 
Ipsissima  verba.      [L.]     The 

very  words. 
Ipso  facto.     [L.]    In  the  fact 

itself; — jure,  by   the  law 

itself. 


J. 

Je  ne  sais  quoi.  [Fr.J  I  know 
not  what. 

Jeu  de  mots.  [Fr.]  A  play  on 
words  ;  a  pun  ;  —  d' esprit,  a 
witticism. 

Jupiter  tonans.  [L.]  Jupiter 
the  thunderer. 

Jure  divino.  [L.]  By  divine 
law  ;  — humano,  by  human 
law. 

Jus  civile.  [L.]  Civil  law; 
—  divinum,  divine  law ;  — 
et  norma  loquendi,  the  law 
and  rule  of  speech  ;  —  gen- 
tium, law  of  nations. 

Juste  milieu.    [Fr.]  The  gold- 


L. 

Labor  ipse  vohtptas.  [L.]  La- 
bor itself  is  pleasure  ;  —  om- 
nia vincit,  labor  conquers 
every  thing. 

Laissezfaire.  [Fr.]  Let  alone. 

Lapsus  lingux.  [L.]  A  slip 
of  the  tongue. 

Laus  Deo.  [L.]  Praise  to 
God. 

Le  beau  monde.  [Fr.]  The 
fashionable  world  ;  —  diable 
boiteux,  the  lame  devil  ;  — 
roi  le  veut,  the  king  wills 
it ;  — roi.  s'avisera,  the  king 
will  consider  or  deliberate. 

Ldse  majeste.  [Fr.]  High 
treason. 

Vctoile  du  nord.  [Fr.]  The 
star  of  the  north  ;  —  the 
motto  of  Minnesota. 

Lettre  de  cachet.  [Fr.]  A 
sealed  letter ;  a  royal  war- 
rant. 

Lex  non  scripta.  [L.]  The 
common  law  ;  —  scripta, 
statute  law  ;  —  talionis,  the 
law  of  retaliation. 

Liaison.  [Fr.]  An  alliance ; 
an  illicit  connection,     [trial. 

Lite  pendente.      [L.]    During 

Loco  citato.  [L.]  In  the 
place  cited. 

Locum  tenens.  [L.]  A  depu- 
ty or  substitute  ;  a  proxy. 

Locus  in  quo.  [L.]  The  place 
in  which  ;  — sigilli,  place  of 
the  seal. 

Longo  intervallo .  [L.]  By  or 
with  long  interval. 

Lucus  a  non  lucendo.  [L.] 
A  jeu  d'esprit  in  etymology, 
which,  assuming  that  lucus, 
a  dark  wood  or  grove,  is  de- 
rived from  the  verb  lucere, 
to  shine,  supposes  it  must 
be  a  non  lucendo,  from  its 
not  being  light. 

Lusus  naturss.  [L.]  A  sport 
or  freak  of  nature. 


M. 

Macte  virtute.  [L.]  Proceed 
in  virtue.  [faith. 

Ma  fois.      [Fr.]      Upon  my 

Magnum  opus.  [L.]  A  great 
work. 

Magnus  Apollo.     [L.]     Great 


Apollo  ;  one  of  high  author- 
ity. 

Maitre  de  hotel.  [Fr.]  A 
house-steward. 

Maldpropos    [Fr.]  Ill-timed. 

Malgre  nous.  [Fr.]  In  spito 
of  us.  [itself. 

Mafum  in  se.     [L.]     Bad  in 

Mar-e  cluusum.  [L.]  A  closed 
sea  ;  a  bay. 

Materiel.  [Fr.]  Materials  or 
instruments  employed  ;  op- 
posed to  personnel. 

Mauvais  gout!  [Fr.]  Bad 
taste;  —  honte,  false  mod- 
esty. 

Me  judice.  [L.]  I  being  judge. 

Melange.     [Fr.]     A  medley. 

Melee.  [Fr.]  A  hand-to- 
hand  fight ;  a  riot. 

Memento  mod.  [L.]  Remem< 
ber  death. 

Memorabilia.  [L.]  Thingv 
to  be  remembered. 

Mens  sana  in  corpore  sano. 
[L.]  A  sound  mind  in  a 
sound  body. 

Mesalliance.  [Fr.]  Improper 
association ;  marriage  with 
one  of  lower  station. 

Meurn  et  tuum.  [L.]  Mine 
and  thine. 

Mirabile  dictu.  [L.]  Won- 
derful to  be  told  ;  —  visu, 
wonderful  to  be  seen. 

Mittimus.  [L.]  We  send  ;  — 
a  writ  to  commit  an  offend., 
cr  to  prison. 

Modus  operandi.  [L.]  Man- 
ner of  operation. 

Montani  semper  liberi.  [L.] 
Mountaineers  are  always 
freemen  ;  —  the  motto  of 
West  Virginia. 

Monumentum  sere  perennius. 
[L.]  A  monument  more 
durable  than  brass. 

Mtcltum  in  parvo .  [L.]  Much 
in  little. 

Mutatis  mutandis.  [L.]  The 
necessary  changes  being 
made. 

Mutato  nomine.  [L.]  The 
name  being  changed. 


Naive.     [Fr.]     Having  native 
or  unaffected  simplicity. 


338 


WORDS,    PHRASES,   PROVERBS,    ETC. 


Naivete.  [Fr.]  Native  sim- 
plicity. 

Ne  -plus  ultra.  [L.]  Nothing 
further; — quid  nimis,  not 
any  thing  too  much  or  too 
far ;  —  sutor  ultra  crepidam, 
let  not  the  shoemaker  go 
beyond  his  last. 

Nde.  [Fr.]  Born  ;  as,  Madame 
de  Stae'l,  nee  (that  is,  whose 
maiden  name  was)  Necker. 

Negligee.  [Fr.]  An  easy,  un- 
ceremonious attire ;  undress. 

Nemine  contradicente.  [L.] 
No  one  speaking  in  opposi- 
tion ;  —  dissentiente,  no  one 
dissenting. 

Nemo  me  impune  lacessit. 
[L.]  No  one  wounds  mc 
with  impunity ;  —  the  mot- 
to of  Scotland. 

Nil  admirari.  [L.]  To  won- 
der at  nothing  ;  —  desperan- 
dum,  never  despair. 

Nimporte.  [Fr.]  It  matters 
not. 

Noblesse  oblige.  [Fr  ]  Rank 
imposes  obligation ;  much 
is  rightly  expected  of  one  of 
high  birth  or  station. 

Nolens  volens.  [L.]  Whether 
he  will  or  not.      [touch  me. 

Noli  me  tangere.     [L.]    Don't 

Nolle  prosequi.  [L.]  Tq  be 
unwilling  to  proceed. 

Nom  de  plume.  [Fr.]  A  pen 
name  ;  an  assumed  title  ;  — 
de  guerre,  a  war  name ;  a 
traveling  title ;  a  pseudo- 
nym. 

Nun  compos  mentis.  [L.] 
Not  in  sound  mind  ;  —  est 
inventus,  he  has  not  been 
found ;  —  obstante,  notwith- 
standing ; —  omnis  mortar, 
I  shall  not  wholly  die ;  — 
sequitur,  it  does  not  follow  ; 
an  unwarranted  conclu- 
sion., 

Nosce  teipsum.  [L.]  Know 
thyself. 

Nota  bene.     [L.]     Mark  well. 

N'oubliez  pas.  [Fr.]  Don't 
forget.  [see. 

Nous  verrons.    [Fr.]  "We  shall 

Novus  homo.  [L.]  A  new  man. 

Nuance.  [Fr.]  Shade  ;  grada- 
tion ;  tint. 

Nudum  pactum.  [L.]  A  con- 
tract made  without  any  con- 


sideration,   and     therefore 

Toid.  [or  never. 

Nunc  aut  nunquam.  [L.]  Now 


Obiit.     [L.]     He,  or  she,  died. 

Obsta  principiis.  [L.]  Re- 
sist the  first  beginnings. 

Odium  theologicum.  [L.]  The 
hatred  of  theologians. 

Ohe .'  jam.  satis.  [L.]  0, 
now  there  is  enough. 

Oi  Ti-oAAoi'  (Hoi  polloi).  [Gr.] 
The  many  ;  the  rabble. 

Omnia  vincit  amor.  [L.] 
Love  conquers  all  things  ;  — 
vincit  labor,  labor  over- 
comes all  things. 

On  dit.  [Fr.]  They  say ; 
flying  rumor. 

Onus  p'robandi.  [L.]  The 
burden  of  proving. 

Ora  e  sempre.  [It.]  Now 
and  always.  [us. 

Ora  pro  nobis.    [L  ]    Pray  for 

Orerotundo.  [L.]  With  round, 
full  voice. 

O!  si  sic  omnia.  [L.]  0 
that  he  had  always  done  or 
spoken  thus. 

O  temporal  O  mores!  [L.] 
0  the  times  !  0  the  man- 
ners! 

Otium  cum  dignilate.  [L.] 
Ease  with  dignity  ;  dignified 
leisure. 

Oubliette.  [Fr.]  Dungeon  of 
a  castle. 

Oui  dire.     [Fr.]     Hearsay. 

Ouvrier.  [Fr.]  A  workman ; 
an  artisan. 


P. 

Papier  machce.  [Fr.]  Chewed 
or  mashed  paper ;  a  hard 
substance  made  of  a  pulp 
from  rags  or  paper. 

Par  exemple.  [Fr.]  For  ex- 
ample ;  —  excellence,  by  way 
of  eminence. 

Pari  passu.  [L.]  With  equal 
pace. 

Par  nobile  fratrum.  [L.]  A 
noble  pair  of  brothers  ;  two 
just  alike.  [of  honor. 

Parole,  d'honneur.  [Fr.]  Word 

Particeps  criminis.  [L.]  An 
accomplice. 


Parvenu.  [Fr.]  An  upstart ; 
one  newly  risen  into  notice. 

Pas  d  pas.    [Fr.]  Step  by  step. 

Passe.  [Fr.]  Past;  out  of 
use ;  faded  ;  worn  out. 

Passe-partout.  [Fr.]  A  mas- 
ter-key. [liver  pie. 

Patede  foiegras.   [Fr.]  Goose- 

Palcrfamilias.  [L.]  The  fa- 
ther of  a  family. 

Pater  noster.  [L.]  Our  Fa- 
ther ;  the  Lord's  prayer  ;  — 
patrix,  father  of  his  country. 

Patois  [Fr.]  Dialect  of  the 
lower  classes. 

Patres  conscripti.  [L.]  Con- 
script fathers  ;  the  Roman 
senators. 

Peccavi.     [L.]    I  have  sinned. 

Peine  forte  et  dure.  [Fr.] 
Strong  and  severe  punish- 
ment, [liking. 

Penchant.    [Fr.]  Inclination  ; 

Pendente  lite.  [L.]  Pending 
the  suit. 

Pensee.     [Fr.]    Thought. 

Per  annum.  [L.]  By  the 
year  ;  —  capita,  by  the  head. 
centum,  by  the  huuoued ;  — 
contra,  contrariwise;  —  se, 
bv  itself  considered. 

Perdu.     [Fr.]     Lost, 

Personnel.  [Fr.]  Body  of  per- 
sons employed  in  some  pub- 
lic service. 

Petitio  principii.  [L.]  A  beg-  • 
ging  of  the  question, 

Petit  mailre.  [Fr.]  A  dandy  ; 
a  coxcomb. 

Peu  de  chose.    [Fr.]     A  trifle. 

Pirouette.  [Fr.]  A  whirl  on 
the  toes,  as  in  dancing. 

Pis  aller.  [Fr.]  The  last  shift. 

Piu.     [It.]     More. 

Pleno  jure.  [L.]  "With  full 
authority.  [web. 

Plexus.     [L.]      A   net- work ; 

Poco  d  poco.  [It.]  Little  by 
little. 

Poeta  nascitur,  non  fit.  [L.] 
The  poet  is  born,  not  made. 

Point  d'appui.  [Fr.]  Point 
of  support ;  prop. 

Pons  asinorum.  [L.]  Bridge 
of  asses. 

Post  mortem.  [L.]  After 
death  ;  —  obitum,  after 
death. 

Pot-pourri.  [Fr.]  A  hotch- 
potch ;  a  medley. 


WORDS,    PHRASES,   PROVERBS,    ETC. 


339 


Preux  chevalier.  [Ft.]  A  brave 
knight. 

Prima  facie.  [L.]  On  the 
first  view. 

Primus  inter  pares.  [L.]  Chief 
among  equals. 

Principia,  non  homines.  [L.] 
Principles,  not  men. 

Pro  aris  et  focis.  [L.]  For 
our  altars  and  firesides :  — 
bono  publico,  for  the  public 
good ;  —  et  con,  for  and 
against; — forma,  for  the 
pake  of  form  ;  —  hac  vice, 
for  this  turn  or  occasion  ;  — 
rata,  in  proportion  ;  —  tem- 
pore, for  the  time. 

Proccs  verbal.  [Ft.]  A  writ- 
ten statement. 

Profanum  vidgus.  [L.]  The 
profane  vulgar. 

Prohpudor.  [L.]  0,  for  shame. 

Propria  <p:x  maribus.  [L.] 
Those  things  which  are  ap- 
propriate or  peculiar  to 
men,  or  to  husbands. 

Punira  fides.  [L.]  Punic 
faith  j  treachery. 

Q. 

Quantum  libet.  [L.]  As  much 
as  you  please  ;  —  meruit,  as 
much  as  he  deserved  ;  —  mu- 
tatus  ab  illo .'  how  changed 
from  what  he*  was  !  ;  —  suf- 
ficit,  a-  sufficient  quantity  ; 

—  vis,  as  much  as  you  will. 
Quasi,    [L.]   As  if ;  in  a  man- 
ner. 

Quelque  chose.  [Fr.]  A  tri- 
fle ;  something ;  any  thing's. 

Quid  pro  quo.   [L.]  OnethingN 
for  another ;  an  equivalent ; 

—  rides  ?  why  do  you  laugh? 
Quifacit  per  alium,  facit  per 

se.  [L.]  He  who  does  a 
thing  by  the  agency  of  an- 
other, does  it  himself. 

Quis  custodiet  ipsos  cuslodes  ? 
[L.]  Who  shall  guard  the 
guards  themselves  ? 

Qui  tarn  ?    [L.]  Who  as  well  ? 

Qui  transtulit,  sustinet.  [L.] 
He  who  transplanted,  still 
sustains  ;  —  the  motto  of 
Connecticut. 

Qui  vive?  [Ft.]  Who  goes 
there?  —  hence,  on  the  qui 
vive,  on  the  alert. 


Quo  animo  ?  [L.]  With  what 
mind  or  intention  ?  — jure  ? 
By  what  right  ? 

Quod  erat  demonstrandum. 
[L.]  Which  was  to  be  de- 
monstrated ;  —  vide,  which 


K. 

Kara  avis.    [L.]     A  rare  bird. 

Recueii.     [Fr.]     Collection. 

lieductio  ad  absurdum.  [L.] 
A  reducing  a  position  to  an 
absurdity. 

Regnant  populi.  [L.]  The 
people  rule  ;  —  the  motto  of 
Arkansas.  [Properly,  Reg- 
nat  populus.] 

Religio  loci.  [L.]  The  re- 
ligious spirit  of  the  place. 

Renommee.  [Fr.]  Renown ; 
fame. 

Requiescat  in  pace.  [L.]  May 
he  rest  in  peace. 

Res  angusta  domi.  [L.]  Nar- 
row circumstances  at  home ; 
poverty.  [the  end. 

Respice  jinem .     [L.]    Look  to 

Resume.  [Fr.]  A  summing 
up;  recapitulation. 

Resurgam.  [L.]  I  shall  rise 
again. 

Revenons  d  nos  moutons. 
[Fr.]  Let  us  return  to  our 
sheep ;  let  us  return  to  our 
subject. 

Rifacimento.  [It.]  Renewal ; 
re-establishment. 

Robe  de  chambre.  [Fr.]  A 
dressing-gown  or  morning- 

J  gown. 

<jkpuleau.     [Fr.]    A  little  roll. 
'vKudis   indigesta  moles.     [L.] 

V  A  rude  and  undigested  mass. 

Ruse  de  guerre.  [Fr.]  A  strat- 
agem of  war. 

Rus  in  urbe.  [L.]  The  coun- 
try in  town. 


S. 

Salle.     [Fr.]     A  hall. 

Salon.  [Fr.]  An  apartment 
for  company  ;  a  fashionable 
party ;  or  fashionable  so- 
ciety. 

Salus  populi  suprema  est  lex. 
[L.]  The  welfare  of  the  peo- 


ple is  the  supreme  law ;  — 
the  motto  of  Missouri. 

Sanctum  sanctorum.  [L.] 
Holy  of  holies. 

Sans  ceremonie.  [Fr.]  With- 
out ceremony  ;—ptur  et  sans 
reproche,  without  fear  and 
without  reproach. 

Sauve  qui  peut.  [Fr.]  Savo 
himself  who  can. 

Savoirfaire.  [Fr.]  Ability  ; 
—  vivre,  good  breeding. 

Scandalum  magnatum.  [L] 
Defamatory  speech  or  writ- 
ing to  the  injury  of  persons 
of  dignity. 

Scire  facias.  [L.]  Cause  it 
to  be  known. 

Seance.      [Fr.]      A  sitting  or 


Secundim  artem.  [L.]  Ac- 
cording to  rule; —  naturam, 
according  to  the  course  of 
nature. 

Semper  felici.  [L.]  Always 
fortunate; — fidelis.  always 
faithful ;  —  idem ,  always 
the  same ;  — paratus,  always 
ready. 

Senatus  consultum.  [L.]  A 
decree  of  the  Senate. 

Se  non  d  vero,  c  ben  trovato. 
[It.]  If  not  true,  it  is  well 
feigned. 

Sesquipedalia  verba.  [L.] 
Words  a  foot  and  a  half 
long. 

Sic  iturad  astra.  [L.]  Such  is 
the  way  to  immortality  ;  — 
passim,  SO  everywhere;  — 
semper  tyrannis,  ever  so  to 
tyrants,  —  the  motto  of  Vir- 
ginia ;  —  transit  gloriamun- 
di,  so  passes  away  earthly 
glory  ;  —  ros  non  vobis,  thus 
you  do  not  labor  for  your- 
selves. 

Sicut  ante.  [L.]  As  before  ; 
—  patribus,  sit  Deus  nobis, 
as  God  was  with  our  fathers, 
so  may  he  be  with  us. 

Similia  similibus  curantur. 
[L.]  Like  things  arc  cured 
by  like. 

Si  monumentum  quseris,  cir~ 
cumspice.  [L.]  If  you  seek 
his  monument,  look  around. 

Simplex  munditiis.  [L.]  Of 
simple  elegance. 

Sine  curd.       [L.]      Without 


340 


WORDS,   PHRASES,   PROVERBS,   ETC. 


charge  or  care  ;  —  die,  with- 
out a  day  appointed  ;  —  qua 
non,  an  indispensable  con- 
dition. 

Si  quxris  peninsulam  amcz- 
nam,  circumspice.  [L.]  If 
thou  seekest  a  beautiful  pen- 
insula, behold  it  here  ;  — 
the  motto  of  Michigan. 

Sit  tibi  terra  levis.  [L.]  May 
the  earth  lie  lightly  upon 
thee. 

Soi-disant.    [Ft.]  Self-styled. 

Soubrette.  [Fr.]  An  intriguing 
woman.       [ing  on  one  foot. 

Stans  pr.de  in  uno.  [L.]  Stand- 

Stat  magni  nominis  umbra. 
[L.]  He  stands  the  shadow 
of  a  mighty  name,    [which. 

Statu  quo.    [L.]    The  state  in 

Slet.     [I,.]     Let  it  stand. 

Suaviter  in  modo,  for  titer  in 
re.  [L.]  Gentle  in  manners, 
but  resolute  in  deed 

Sub  judice.  [L.]  Under  con- 
sideration ;  —  rosa,  under 
the  rose ;  privately. 

Sui  generis.  [L.]  Of  its  own 
kind.  [ychiefgood. 

Summum  bonum.    [L.]     The 

Suum  cuique.  [L.]  Let  each 
have  his  own. 


Tabula  rasa.  [L.]  A  smooth 
or  blank  tablet. 

Tapis.  [Fr.]  Cover  of  a  coun- 
cil-table;  hence,  to  be  on  the 
tapis  is  to  be  under  consid- 
eration. 

Tempora  mutantur,  et  nos 
mutamur  in  Mis.  [L.]  The 
times  are  changed,  and  we 
are  changed  with  them. 

Tempus  fugit.  [L.]  Time  flies. 

Terrx  filius.  [L.]  A  son  of 
the  earth  ;  that  is,  a  human 
being  ;  — firma,  solid  earth  ; 
a  safe  footing  ;  —  incognita, 
an  unknown  country. 

Tertium  quid.  [L.]  A  third 
something ;  a  nondescript. 


Tiers-ctat.  [Fr.]  The  third 
estate ;  commons  or  com- 
monalty. 

To  k<x\6u  (To  kalon).  [Gr.] 
The  beautiful  ;  the  chief 
good. 

Totidem  verbis.  [L.]  In  just 
so  many  words. 

Toties  quoties.  [L.]  As  often 
as. 

Toto  ccelo.  [L.]  By  the  whole 
heavens;  diametrically  op- 
posite. 

Tout-d-fait.  [Fr.]  Entirely; 
_j — au  c'ontraire,  on  the  con- 
trary ; — ensemble,  the  whole 
taken  together. 

U. 

Uberrima  fides.    [L.]    Super- 
abounding  faith. 
Ubi  supra.  [L.]   Where  above 

mentioned. 
Ultima  ratio  regum.  [L.]  The 

last    argument    of    kings ; 

war ;  — •  Thule,  utmost  limit. 
Una  voce.      [L.]      With    one 

voice. 
Uno  animo.     [L.]     With  one 

mind;  unanimously. 
Usque  ad  aras.     [L.]     To  the 

very  altars  ;  —  ad  nauseam, 

to  disgust. 
Utile  dulri.     [L.]    The  useful 

with  the  pleasant. 
Ut  infra.     [L.]     As  below;  — 

supra,  as  above  seated. 
Uti  possidetis.     [L.]      As  you 

possess ;    state    of    present 

possession. 

V. 

Vade  mecum.     [L.]     Go  with 

me  ;  a  constant  companion. 
Vx  victis.     [L.]     Woe  to  the 

vanquished. 
Vale.     [L.]    Farewell. 
Valet  de  cham.br e.     [Fr.]    An 

attendant ;  a  footman. 
Veni,  vidi,  vici.    [L.]  I  came, 

I  saw,  I  conquered. 


Verbatim  et  literatim.  [L.] 
Word  for  word  and  letter  for 
letter. 

Ve.rbum  sat  snpienti.  [L.] 
A  word  is  enough  for  a  wise 
man. 

Vetturo.     [It.]    A  hack. 

Vetturino.     [It.]   Ahackman. 

Vexata  quxslio.  [L.]  A  dis- 
puted question. 

Via.     [L.]     By  the  way  of. 

Via  media.  [L.]  A  middle 
course. 

Vice.    [L.]    In  the  place  of; 

—  versa ,  the  terms  being  ex- 
changed. 

Vide  ut  supra.  [L.]  See  what 
is  stated  above. 

Vi  et  armis.  [L.]  By  force 
and  arms ;  by  main  force. 

Viiic.it  amor patrix.  [L.]  Love 
of  country  prevails ;  —  om- 
nia Veritas,  truth  conquers 
all  things. 

Vis  a  vis.  [Fr.]  Opposite; 
facing. 

Vis  a  tergo.  [L.]  A  propel- 
ling force  from  behind;  — 
inertix,  the  power  of  iner- 
tia ;  resistance;  —  vitx,  the 
vigor  of  life. 

Vitam  impendere  vero.  [L.] 
To  stake  one's  life  for  the 
truth. 

Vivat  regina.  [L.]  Long  live 
the  queen  ;* —  rex,  long  live 
the  king. 

Viva  voce.  [L.]  By  the  liv- 
ing voice ;  by  oral  testimo- 
ny. 

Vive  la  republique.  [Fr.]  Long 
live  the  republic  ;  —  la  baga- 
telle .'  success  to  trifling ;  — 
le  roi,  long  live  the  king. 

Voild.  [Fr.]  Behold;  there 
is,  or  there  are. 

Vox,  et  prxterea  nihil.  [L.] 
A  voice,  and  nothing  more ; 

—  populi,  vox  Dei,  the  voice 
of  the  people  is  the  voice  of 
God. 

Vraisemhlance.  [Fr.]  Appear- 
ance of  truth. 


A   CLASSIFIED    SELECTION 

OP 

PICTORIAL    ILLUSTRATIONS 

FOR 

WEBSTER'S   PRIMARY  SCHQi^;  DICTIONARY. 

E3P*  Any  words  in  the  explanation  of  the  following  grou^'."  *  of  Illustrations  not  found  in 
the  body  of  the  work,  may  be  found  explained  in  Webster's  Unabridged  Dictionary. 


FLAGS,   BANNERS,   INSIGNIA,  &c. 


Crescent. 


Device.  Ecclesiastical  Gonfalon.        Oriflamroe. 

(341) 


342 


PICTORIAL   ILLUSTRATIONS   FOR 

GAMES,  AMUSEMENTS,   &c. 


Tangram. 


Tennis.    Ball,  Bat.  and  Court. 


WEBSTER'S  PRIMARY  SCHOOL  DICTIONARY.       343 

MATHEMATICS,  —  INCLUDING  GEOMETEY,  CONIC  SECTIONS, 

&c. 


' 


Acute  Angle. 


Abscissa. 


Alternate  Angles. 


Angle. 


o 

Circle. 


Oliord 
A  C,  A  B,  chords. 


Conic  Sections. 


Curve. 


Conoid. 


Cube.  Diamond. 


Diameter. 


Dodecahedrons. 


Equilateral 
Triangle. 


Diagram. 


Epicycloid. 


Frustums. 


Hexagon. 


344  PICTORIAL   ILLUSTRATIONS   FOR 

MATHEMATICS,  GEOMETRY,  &c.  —  Continued. 


Hyperbola 


a  b,  Hypotenuse. 


Interior  Angle. 
agh,b  g  h,  gh  c,  g  h  d,  interior 
angles;  eg  a,eg  b,/h  c,fh  d, 
exterior  angles. 


Isosceles 
triangle. 


2 

-/ 

' 

9 

5 

1 

b-  |J 

8 

Magic  Square. 


Lenses. 

a,  plano-concave;  b,  double  concave;  c,  pla-    nw.         T. 
no-convex  ;  d,  double-convex;   e,  meniscus  ;    UDuque  lanes. 
f,  concavo-convex. 


Parabola- 


Octakedon. 


rj  - 


rallel  Lines. 


Pentagon. 


Parallelopiped. 


v£/ 


Node.         Quadrangle,   ad,  Perpendicular.         Pyramids. 


WEBSTER'S   PRIMARY    SCHOOL   DICTIONARY.     345 

MUSICAL   INSTBUMENTS. 


Hautboy. 


Violin. 


346 


PICTORIAL   ILLUSTRATIONS   FOR 
PUNISHMENT,   MODES   OF. 


Tread-mid. 


Guillotine. 


Pillory. 


Stocks. 


WEBSTER'S    PRIMARY    SCHOOL    DICTIONARY.        347 
VEHICLES   FOR    LAND   AND  AEHIAL  LOCOMOTION. 


Clarence. 


Coup6. 


Dog-cart. 


848 


PICTORIAL   ILLUSTRATIONS    FOR 
VEHICLES,  &c.  —  Continued. 


Skeleton  Sulky. 


Laplander's  Sledge. 


WEBSTER'S   PRIMARY  SCHOOL   DICTIONARY.      349 

ANIMALS  —  BIRDS. 


Corn-crake. 


Dove. 


350 


PICTORIAL    ILLUSTRATIONS    FOR 
ANIMALS  —BEASTS. 


Fallow  Deer. 


Bactrian  Camel. 


WEBSTER'S    PRIMARY  SCHOOL    DICTIONARY.     351 
ANIMALS  —  FISHES. 


Saw-fish 


Sword-fish. 


352  PICTORIAL    ILLUSTRATIONS. 

DOMESTIC  ECONOMY.—  UTENSILS,  FURNITURE,  &c. 


Gong. 


Smoke-juck. 


Spinning-wheel. 
* 


lb  36421 


54 164 5 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CAUFORNIA  LIBRARY 


T 


